Warrants, stock-based compensation, stock options, restricted stock and restricted stock units | 9. Warrants, stock-based compensation, stock options, restricted stock and restricted stock units Warrants On January 20, 2021, 10,000 warrants were exercised by a holder on a net, non-cash, basis. Per terms of the warrant agreement, the Company issued 7,347 shares of common stock with a value equal to the holder’s gain. The Company had no warrants outstanding as of March 31, 2021. Stock-based compensation Stock-based compensation expense for all stock awards consists of the following (in thousands): Three Months Ended March 31, 2021 2020 Cost of product revenue $ 90 $ 36 Cost of service and other revenue 110 68 Research and development 399 242 Selling, general, and administrative 2,787 1,763 Total $ 3,386 $ 2,109 In June 2007, the Company adopted the 2007 Stock Option and Grant Plan (the 2007 Plan), under which it could grant incentive stock options, non-qualified options, restricted stock, and stock grants. In connection with the completion of the IPO, the Company terminated the 2007 Plan. As of March 31, 2021, 736,958 shares were outstanding, and no shares were available for future grant under the 2007 Plan. In December 2017, the Company adopted the 2017 Employee, Director and Consultant Equity Incentive Plan (the 2017 Plan), under which it may grant incentive stock options, non-qualified stock options, restricted stock, and other stock-based awards. As of December 31, 2017, the 2017 Plan allowed for the issuance of up to 1,042,314 shares of common stock plus up to 2,490,290 shares of common stock represented by awards granted under the 2007 Plan that are forfeited, expire, or are cancelled without delivery of shares or which result in the forfeiture of shares of common stock back to the Company on or after the date the 2017 Plan became effective. As of March 31, 2021, there were shares available for grant under the 2017 Plan of 1,637,976. In addition, the 2017 Plan contains an "evergreen" provision, which allows for an annual increase in the number of shares of common stock available for issuance under the 2017 Plan on the first day of each fiscal year during the period beginning in fiscal year 2019 and ending in fiscal year 2027. The annual increase in the number of shares shall be equal to the lowest of: 4% of the number of shares of common stock outstanding as of such date; and an amount determined by the Company’s Board of Directors or Compensation Committee. On January 1, 2021, the number of shares of common stock available for issuance under the 2017 plan was automatically increased by 1,273,501 shares. In December 2017, the Company adopted the 2017 Employee Stock Purchase Plan (the 2017 ESPP). As December 31, 2020, the 2017 ESPP allowed for the issuance of up to 848,269 shares of common stock. As of March 31, 2021, 1,149,407 shares were available for grant under the 2017 ESPP. In addition, the 2017 ESPP contains an "evergreen" provision, which allows for an increase on the first day of each fiscal year beginning with fiscal year 2018. The increase in the number of shares shall be equal to the lowest of: 1% of the number of shares of common stock outstanding on the last day of the immediately preceding fiscal year or an amount determined by the Company’s Board of Directors or Compensation Committee. The number of shares available for grant under the 2017 ESPP increased by 318,375 shares on January 1, 2021 due to this provision. The 2017 ESPP provides for six-month option periods commencing on March 1 and ending August 31 and commencing September 1 and ending February 28 of each calendar year. The first offering under the 2017 ESPP began on September 1, 2018. Stock options Under the 2007 Plan and the 2017 Plan, stock options may not be granted with exercise prices of less than fair market value on the date of the grant. Options generally vest ratably over a four-year period with 25% vesting on the first anniversary and the remaining 75% vesting ratably on a monthly basis over the remaining three years. These options expire ten years after the grant date. Activity under the 2007 Plan and the 2017 Plan was as follows: Weighted-average Remaining contractual Aggregate intrinsic value Options exercise price life (in years) (in thousands) Outstanding at December 31, 2020 2,494,045 $ 17.73 7.27 $ 71,760 Granted 241,713 $ 69.97 Exercised (281,324) $ 10.93 Cancelled (26,166) $ 35.98 Outstanding at March 31, 2021 2,428,268 $ 23.52 7.37 $ 88,387 Vested and expected to vest at March 31, 2021 2,428,268 $ 23.52 7.37 $ 88,387 Exercisable at March 31, 2021 1,428,652 $ 14.31 6.43 $ 63,050 Using the Black-Scholes option pricing model, the weighted-average fair value of options granted to employees and directors during the three months ended March 31, 2021 and 2020 was $32.83 and $11.82 per share, respectively. The expense related to awards granted to employees was $1.5 million and $1.1 million for the three months ended March 31, 2021 and 2020, respectively. The intrinsic value of stock options exercised was $16.2 million and $1.1 million for the three months ended March 31, 2021 and 2020, respectively. Activity related to non-employee awards was not material to the three months ended March 31, 2021 and 2020. Restricted stock Restricted common stock awards represent shares of common stock issued to employees subject to forfeiture if the vesting conditions are not satisfied. Vesting occurs periodically at specified time intervals and specified percentages. In January 2015, the Company issued 781,060 shares of restricted common stock to an executive of the Company under the 2007 Plan. The majority of these shares were issued subject to a four-year vesting schedule with 25% vesting on the first anniversary and the remaining vesting 75% ratably on a monthly basis over the remaining three years, while another portion was issued subject to performance based vesting. The vesting of performance based awards is dependent upon achievement of specified financial targets of the Company. The majority of the performance criteria were achieved during the years ended December 31, 2016 and 2015 and the remaining unvested awards with performance conditions are not material. No restricted common stock awards were granted or vested during the three months ended March 31, 2021. As of March 31, 2021, the Company had 39,806 shares of unvested restricted common stock with a weighted average grant date fair value of $3.12 per share. Restricted stock units Restricted stock units (RSUs) represent the right to receive shares of common stock upon meeting specified vesting requirements. In the three months ended March 31, 2021, the Company issued 140,814 RSUs to employees of the Company under the 2017 Plan. Under the terms of the agreements, 126,007 of the RSUs issued are subject to a four-year vesting schedule with 25% vesting on the first anniversary of the grant date and the remaining vesting 75% ratably on a monthly basis over the remaining three years; 13,620 of the RSUs vest on December 31, 2021; and 1,187 vested immediately upon grant. A summary of RSU activity is as follows: Weighted-average grant date fair value Shares per share Unvested RSUs as of December 31, 2020 478,581 $ 28.08 Granted 140,814 $ 71.28 Vested (85,346) $ 24.50 Cancelled (10,045) $ 41.14 Unvested RSUs as of March 31, 2021 524,004 $ 40.02 The expense related to awards granted to employees and directors was $1.7 million and $0.9 million for the three months ended March 31, 2021 and 2020, respectively. As of March 31, 2021, there was $19.9 million of total unrecognized compensation cost related to unvested RSUs, which is expected to be recognized over the remaining weighted-average vesting period of 3.1 years. |