| Summary of Significant Accounting Policies | Summary of Significant Accounting Policies Basis of Accounting The accompanying unaudited consolidated financial statements and related notes of the Company have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States (“U.S. GAAP”) for interim financial reporting and the instructions to Form 10-Q and Rule 10-01 of Regulation S-X. Accordingly, certain information and note disclosures normally included in the consolidated financial statements prepared under U.S. GAAP have been condensed or omitted. In the opinion of management, all adjustments considered necessary for a fair presentation of the Company’s financial position, results of operations and cash flows have been included and are of a normal and recurring nature. The operating results presented for interim periods are not necessarily indicative of the results that may be expected for any other interim period or for the entire year. These consolidated financial statements should be read in conjunction with the Company’s consolidated financial statements and notes thereto included in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2020, which was filed with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission on March 23, 2021. Principles of Consolidation The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of the Company, the Operating Partnership and their consolidated subsidiaries. The Company consolidates entities in which it has a controlling financial interest by first considering if an entity meets the definition of a variable interest entity (“VIE”) for which the Company is deemed to be the primary beneficiary or if the Company has the power to control an entity through majority voting interest or other arrangements. All significant intercompany balances are eliminated in consolidation. Variable Interest Entities A VIE is an entity that lacks one or more of the characteristics of a voting interest entity. A VIE is defined as an entity in which equity investors do not have the characteristics of a controlling financial interest or do not have sufficient equity at risk for the entity to finance its activities without additional subordinated financial support from other parties. The determination of whether an entity is a VIE includes both a qualitative and quantitative analysis. The Company bases its qualitative analysis on its review of the design of the entity, its organizational structure including decision-making ability and relevant financial agreements and the quantitative analysis on the forecasted cash flow of the entity. The Company reassesses its initial evaluation of an entity as a VIE upon the occurrence of certain reconsideration events. A VIE must be consolidated only by its primary beneficiary, which is defined as the party who, along with its affiliates and agents, has both the: (i) power to direct the activities that most significantly impact the VIE’s economic performance; and (ii) obligation to absorb the losses of the VIE or the right to receive the benefits from the VIE, which could be significant to the VIE. The Company determines whether it is the primary beneficiary of a VIE by considering qualitative and quantitative factors, including, but not limited to: which activities most significantly impact the VIE’s economic performance and which party controls such activities; the amount and characteristics of its investment; the obligation or likelihood for the Company or other interests to provide financial support; consideration of the VIE’s purpose and design, including the risks the VIE was designed to create and pass through to its variable interest holders and the similarity with and significance to the business activities of the Company and the other interests. The Company reassesses its determination of whether it is the primary beneficiary of a VIE each reporting period. Judgments related to these determinations include estimates about the current and future fair value and performance of investments held by these VIEs and general market conditions. During the three months ended March 31, 2021, the Company determined that a reconsideration event for an unconsolidated VIE did not result in a change in the evaluation that the Company is not the primary beneficiary. The Company evaluates its investments and financings, including investments in unconsolidated ventures and securitization financing transactions to determine whether each investment or financing is a VIE. The Company analyzes new investments and financings, as well as reconsideration events for existing investments and financings, which vary depending on type of investment or financing. As of March 31, 2021, the Company has identified certain consolidated and unconsolidated VIEs. Assets of each of the VIEs, other than the Operating Partnership, may only be used to settle obligations of the respective VIE. Creditors of each of the VIEs have no recourse to the general credit of the Company. Consolidated VIEs The most significant consolidated VIEs are the Operating Partnership and certain properties that have non-controlling interests. These entities are VIEs because the non-controlling interests do not have substantive kick-out or participating rights. The Operating Partnership consolidates certain properties that have non-controlling interests. Included in operating real estate, net on the Company’s consolidated balance sheets as of March 31, 2021 is $477.3 million related to such consolidated VIEs. Included in mortgage and other notes payable, net on the Company’s consolidated balance sheet as of March 31, 2021 is $444.2 million, collateralized by the real estate assets of the related consolidated VIEs. Unconsolidated VIEs As of March 31, 2021, the Company identified unconsolidated VIEs related to its real estate equity investments with a carrying value of $221.9 million. The Company’s maximum exposure to loss as of March 31, 2021 would not exceed the carrying value of its investment in the VIEs and its investment in a mezzanine loan to a subsidiary of one of the VIEs. Based on management’s analysis, the Company determined that it is not the primary beneficiary of these VIEs and, accordingly, they are not consolidated in the Company’s financial statements as of March 31, 2021. During the three months ended March 31, 2021, the Company contributed $0.3 million to an unconsolidated VIE. As of March 31, 2021, there were no explicit arrangements or implicit variable interests that could require the Company to provide financial support to its unconsolidated VIEs. Voting Interest Entities A voting interest entity is an entity in which the total equity investment at risk is sufficient to enable it to finance its activities independently and the equity holders have the power to direct the activities of the entity that most significantly impact its economic performance, the obligation to absorb the losses of the entity and the right to receive the residual returns of the entity. The usual condition for a controlling financial interest in a voting interest entity is ownership of a majority voting interest. If the Company has a majority voting interest in a voting interest entity, the entity will generally be consolidated. The Company does not consolidate a voting interest entity if there are substantive participating rights by other parties and/or kick-out rights by a single party or through a simple majority vote. The Company performs on-going reassessments of whether entities previously evaluated under the voting interest framework have become VIEs, based on certain events, and therefore subject to the VIE consolidation framework. Investments in Unconsolidated Ventures A non-controlling, unconsolidated ownership interest in an entity may be accounted for using the equity method or the Company may elect the fair value option. The Company will account for an investment under the equity method of accounting if it has the ability to exercise significant influence over the operating and financial policies of an entity, but does not have a controlling financial interest. Under the equity method, the investment is adjusted each period for capital contributions and distributions and its share of the entity’s net income (loss). Capital contributions, distributions and net income (loss) of such entities are recorded in accordance with the terms of the governing documents. An allocation of net income (loss) may differ from the stated ownership percentage interest in such entity as a result of preferred returns and allocation formulas, if any, as described in such governing documents. Equity method investments are recognized using a cost accumulation model, in which the investment is recognized based on the cost to the investor, which includes acquisition fees. The Company records as an expense certain acquisition costs and fees associated with consolidated investments deemed to be business combinations and capitalizes these costs for investments deemed to be acquisitions of an asset, including an equity method investment. Non-controlling Interests A non-controlling interest in a consolidated subsidiary is defined as the portion of the equity (net assets) in a subsidiary not attributable, directly or indirectly, to the Company. A non-controlling interest is required to be presented as a separate component of equity on the consolidated balance sheets and presented separately as net income (loss) and comprehensive income (loss) attributable to controlling and non-controlling interests. An allocation to a non-controlling interest may differ from the stated ownership percentage interest in such entity as a result of a preferred return and allocation formula, if any, as described in such governing documents. Estimates The preparation of consolidated financial statements in conformity with U.S. GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that could affect the amounts reported in the consolidated financial statements and accompanying notes. Actual results could materially differ from those estimates and assumptions. Any estimates of the effects of COVID-19 as reflected and/or discussed in these financial statements are based upon the Company's best estimates using information known to the Company as of the date of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q. Such estimates may change and the impact of which could be material. Cash, Cash Equivalents and Restricted Cash The Company considers all highly-liquid investments with an original maturity date of three months or less to be cash equivalents. Cash, including amounts restricted, may at times exceed the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation deposit insurance limit of $250,000 per institution. The Company mitigates credit risk by placing cash and cash equivalents with major financial institutions. To date, the Company has not experienced any losses on cash and cash equivalents. Restricted cash consists of amounts related to operating real estate (escrows for taxes, insurance, capital expenditures, security deposits received from tenants and payments required under certain lease agreements) and other escrows required by lenders of the Company’s borrowings. The following table provides a reconciliation of cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash as reported on the consolidated balance sheets to the total of such amounts as reported on the consolidated statements of cash flows (dollars in thousands): March 31, 2021 (Unaudited) December 31, 2020 Cash and cash equivalents $ 90,966 $ 65,995 Restricted cash 20,276 27,575 Total cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash $ 111,242 $ 93,570 Operating Real Estate Operating real estate is carried at historical cost less accumulated depreciation. Major replacements and betterments which improve or extend the life of the asset are capitalized and depreciated over their useful life. Ordinary repairs and maintenance are expensed as incurred. Operating real estate is depreciated using the straight-line method over the estimated useful life of the assets, summarized as follows: Category: Term: Building 30 to 50 years Building improvements Lesser of the useful life or remaining life of the building Land improvements 9 to 15 years Tenant improvements Lesser of the useful life or remaining term of the lease Furniture, fixtures and equipment 5 to 14 years Construction costs incurred in connection with the Company’s investments are capitalized and included in operating real estate, net on the consolidated balance sheets. Construction in progress is not depreciated until the asset is available for its intended use. Lessee Accounting A leasing arrangement, a right to control the use of an identified asset for a period of time in exchange for consideration, is classified by the lessee either as a finance lease, which represents a financed purchase of the leased asset, or as an operating lease. For leases with terms greater than 12 months, a lease asset and a lease liability are recognized on the balance sheet at commencement date based on the present value of lease payments over the lease term. Lease renewal or termination options are included in the lease asset and lease liability only if it is reasonably certain that the option to extend would be exercised or the option to terminate would not be exercised. As the implicit rate in most leases are not readily determinable, the Company’s incremental borrowing rate for each lease at commencement date is used to determine the present value of lease payments. Consideration is given to the Company’s recent debt financing transactions, as well as publicly available data for instruments with similar characteristics, adjusted for the respective lease term, when estimating incremental borrowing rates. Lease expense is recognized over the lease term based on an effective interest method for finance leases and on a straight-line basis for operating leases. Right of Use (“ROU”) - Finance Assets The Company has entered into finance leases for equipment totaling $3.4 million, which is included in furniture, fixtures, and equipment within operating real estate, net on the Company’s consolidated balance sheets. The leased equipment is amortized on a straight-line basis. For the three months ended March 31, 2021 and 2020, payments for finance leases totaled $0.2 million, respectively. The following table presents the future minimum lease payments under finance leases and the present value of the minimum lease payments, which are included in other liabilities on the Company’s consolidated balance sheets (dollars in thousands): April 1 to December 31, 2021 $ 498 Years Ending December 31: 2022 576 2023 155 2024 59 2025 17 Thereafter 9 Total minimum lease payments $ 1,314 Less: Amount representing interest $ (165) Present value of minimum lease payments $ 1,149 The weighted average interest rate related to the finance lease obligations is 6.3% with a weighted average lease term of 2.0 years. As of March 31, 2021, there were no leases that had yet to commence which would create significant rights and obligations to the Company as lessee. Assets Held For Sale The Company classifies certain long-lived assets as held for sale once the criteria, as defined by U.S. GAAP, have been met and are expected to sell within one year. Long-lived assets to be disposed of are reported at the lower of their carrying amount or fair value minus cost to sell, with any write-down recorded to impairment loss on the consolidated statements of operations. Depreciation and amortization is not recorded for assets classified as held for sale. As of March 31, 2021 and December 31, 2020, the Company classified two operating real estate properties within the Kansas City portfolio as held for sale, as presented on its consolidated balance sheets. Real Estate Debt Investments Real estate debt investments are generally intended to be held to maturity and, accordingly, are carried at cost, net of unamortized loan fees, premium, discount and unfunded commitments. Debt investments where the Company does not have the intent to hold the loan for the foreseeable future or until its expected payoff are classified as held for sale and recorded at the lower of cost or estimated fair value. Refer to “—Credit Losses on Real Estate Debt Investments and Receivables” for additional information on estimated credit loses for real estate debt investments. Goodwill, Intangible Assets and Deferred Costs Deferred Costs Deferred costs primarily include deferred financing costs and deferred lease costs. Deferred financing costs represent commitment fees, legal and other third-party costs associated with obtaining financing. These costs are recorded against the carrying value of such financing and are amortized to interest expense over the term of the financing using the effective interest method. Unamortized deferred financing costs are expensed to realized gain (loss) on investments and other, when the associated borrowing is repaid before maturity. Costs incurred in seeking financing transactions which do not close are expensed in the period in which it is determined that the financing will not occur. Deferred lease costs consist of fees incurred to initiate and renew operating leases, which are amortized on a straight-line basis over the remaining lease term and are recorded to depreciation and amortization in the consolidated statements of operations. Identified Intangibles The Company records acquired identified intangibles, such as the value of in-place leases, goodwill and other intangibles, based on estimated fair value at the acquisition date. The value allocated to the identified intangibles is amortized over the remaining lease term. In-place leases are amortized into depreciation and amortization expense. Impairment analysis for identified intangible assets is performed in connection with the impairment assessment of the related operating real estate. An impairment establishes a new basis for the identified intangible asset and any impairment loss recognized is not subject to subsequent reversal. Refer to “—Impairment on Operating Real Estate and Investments in Unconsolidated Ventures” for additional information. Goodwill represents the excess of the purchase price over the fair value of net tangible and intangible assets acquired in a business combination and is not amortized. The Company performs an annual impairment test for goodwill in the fourth quarter and evaluates the recoverability whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying value of goodwill may not be fully recoverable. In making such assessment, qualitative factors are used to determine whether it is more likely than not that the fair value of a reporting unit is less than its carrying value. If the estimated fair value of the reporting unit is less than its carrying value, then an impairment charge is recorded. Identified intangible assets are recorded in deferred costs and intangible assets, net on the consolidated balance sheets. The following table presents deferred costs and intangible assets, net (dollars in thousands): March 31, 2021 (Unaudited) December 31, 2020 Goodwill and intangible assets, net: In-place lease value, net $ 4,186 $ 4,635 Goodwill 21,387 21,387 Certificate of need intangible assets 380 380 Subtotal intangible assets 25,953 26,402 Deferred costs, net 63 81 Total $ 26,016 $ 26,483 The Company recorded $0.5 million of amortization expense for in-place leases and deferred costs for the three months ended March 31, 2021 and 2020, respectively. In-place lease value, net includes a gross asset amount of $130.0 million for in-place leases related to the Company’s direct investment - net lease properties, of which $125.8 million has been amortized as of March 31, 2021. All other in-place leases related to the Company’s direct investment - operating properties have been fully amortized as of March 31, 2021. The following table presents future amortization of in-place lease value and deferred costs (dollars in thousands): April 1 to December 31, 2021 $ 1,403 Years Ending December 31: 2022 593 2023 337 2024 337 2025 337 Thereafter 1,242 Total $ 4,249 Other Assets The following table presents a summary of other assets (dollars in thousands): March 31, 2021 (Unaudited) December 31, 2020 Other assets: Healthcare facility regulatory reserve deposit (1) $ 6,000 $ — Remainder interest in condominium units (2) 2,327 2,327 Prepaid expenses 5,834 3,798 Lease / rent inducements, net 2,415 2,246 Utility deposits 513 447 Other 278 863 Total $ 17,367 $ 9,681 _______________________________________ (1) As of March 31, 2021, a net lease operator is in possession of the regulatory reserve deposit, and accordingly, the amount has been reclassified from restricted cash on the consolidated balance sheets. (2) Represents future interests in property subject to life estates. Revenue Recognition Operating Real Estate Rental income from operating real estate is derived from leasing of space to healthcare operators, including rent received from the Company’s net lease properties and rent, ancillary service fees and other related revenue earned from ILF residents. Rental revenue recognition commences when the operator takes legal possession of the leased space and the leased space is substantially ready for its intended use. The leases are for fixed terms of varying length and generally provide for rentals and expense reimbursements to be paid in monthly installments. Rental income from leases is recognized on a straight-line basis over the term of the respective leases. ILF resident agreements are generally short-term in nature and may allow for termination with 30 days’ notice. The excess of rents recognized over amounts contractually due pursuant to the underlying leases are included in receivables, net on the consolidated balance sheets. The Company amortizes any operator inducements as a reduction of revenue utilizing the straight-line method over the term of the lease. The Company also generates operating income from operating healthcare properties. Revenue related to operating healthcare properties includes resident room and care charges, ancillary fees and other resident service charges. Rent is charged and revenue is recognized when such services are provided, generally defined per the resident agreement as of the date upon which a resident occupies a room or uses the services. Resident agreements are generally short-term in nature and may allow for termination with 30 days’ notice. Income derived from our ALFs, MCFs and CCRCs is recorded in resident fee income in the consolidated statements of operations. Lease income from operators and residents is recognized at lease commencement only to the extent collection is expected to be probable in consideration of operators’ and residents’ creditworthiness. This assessment is based on several qualitative and quantitative factors, including and as appropriate, the payment history, ability to satisfy its lease obligations, the value of the underlying collateral or deposit, if any, and current economic conditions. If collection is assessed to not be probable thereafter, lease income recognized is limited to lease payments collected, with the reversal of any income recognized to date in excess of amounts received. If collection is subsequently reassessed to be probable, lease income is adjusted to reflect the amount of income that would have been recognized had collection always been assessed as probable. A summary of lease income recognized for the three months ended March 31, 2021 for the Company’s direct net lease properties is as follows: • The operator of the Smyrna property failed to remit rental payments and accordingly no lease income was recognized. For additional information, refer to Note 14, “Subsequent Events.” • The performance of the operator of the Arbors portfolio has been significantly impacted by COVID-19. Rental payments were delayed throughout 2020, however the operator ultimately satisfied its rent obligations through December 2020. During the three months ended March 31, 2021, the operator failed to remit contractual monthly rent obligations and it is not probable that these obligations will be satisfied in the future. Accordingly, the Company recorded lease income to the extent lease payments were received. In addition, lease income was reduced by $7.4 million for the write-off of straight-line rent receivables, as full collection of rent under the lease was deemed not to be probable. • Despite the adverse effects of COVID-19 on its operations, the operator of the Fountains portfolio remitted full contractual rent, including a portion of the rent deferred under its lease forbearance agreement. For additional information, refer to Note 14, “Subsequent Events.” For the three months ended March 31, 2021 and 2020, total property and other revenues includes variable lease revenues of $3.3 million and $4.2 million, respectively. Variable lease income includes ancillary services provided to operator/residents, as well as non-recurring services and fees at the Company’s operating facilities. In addition, during the three months ended March 31, 2021, the Company recognized $7.4 million in grant income received from the Provider Relief Fund administered by the U.S Department of Health & Human Services (“DHHS”). The grant income is classified as other income in the consolidated statements of operations. Lease Concessions Related to COVID-19 As a result of the COVID-19 crisis, the Company continues to engage with affected operators on a case-by-case basis to evaluate and respond to the current environment and assess the potential for flexible payment terms. For lease concessions resulting directly from the impact of COVID-19 that do not result in a substantial increase in the rights of the lessor or the obligations of the lessee, for example, where total payments required by the modified contract will be substantially the same as or less than the original contract, the Company made a policy election to account for the concessions as though the enforceable rights and obligations for those concessions existed in the lease contracts, under a relief provided by the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”). Under the relief, the concessions will not be treated as lease modifications that are accounted for over the remaining term of the respective leases, as the Company believes this would not accurately reflect the temporary economic effect of the concessions. Instead, (i) rent deferrals that meet the criteria will be treated as if no changes were made to the lease contract, with continued recognition of lease income and receivable under the original terms of the contract; and (ii) rent forgiveness that meets the criteria will be accounted for as variable lease payments in the affected periods. Effective June 1, 2020, the Company granted a lease concession to the operator of its Fountains net lease portfolio. The concession allowed the operator to defer a portion of contractual rent payments for a 90-day period, with full contractual rent to be repaid over the 12 months following the concession period. The lease concession provided the operator relief consistent with the debt forbearance received from the lender of the properties in the portfolio. The lease concession period ended on August 31, 2020 and the operator has resumed remitting contractual rent payments, including amounts related to deferred rent granted under the lease concession. Deferred rental payments outstanding as of March 31, 2021 totaled $1.2 million for the Fountains net lease portfolio. As there were no substantive changes to the original lease or changes in total cash flows, the concession was not treated as a lease modification and the Company continues to recognize lease income and receivables under the original terms of the lease. Real Estate Debt Investments Interest income is recognized on an accrual basis and any related premium, discount, origination costs and fees are amortized over the life of the investment using the effective interest method. The amortization is reflected as an adjustment to interest income in the consolidated statements of operations. The amortization of a premium or accretion of a discount is discontinued if such investment is reclassified to held for sale. Income recognition is suspended for an investment at the earlier of the date at which payments become 90-days past due or when, in the opinion of the Company, a full recovery of income and principal becomes doubtful. When the ultimate collectability of the principal of an investment is in doubt, all payments are applied to principal under the cost recovery method. When the ultimate collectability of the principal of an investment is not in doubt, contractual interest is recorded as interest income when received, under the cash basis method until an accrual is resumed when the investment becomes contractually current and performance is demonstrated to be resumed. Interest accrued and not collected will be reversed against interest income. An investment is written off when it is no longer realizable and/or legally discharged. Impairment on Operating Real Estate and Investments in Unconsolidated Ventures Due to uncertainties over the extent and duration of the economic fallout from COVID-19, it is difficult for the Company to assess and estimate the future economic effects of COVID-19 with any meaningful precision. As the future impact of COVID-19 will depend on many factors beyond the Company’s control and knowledge, the resulting effect on impairment of the Company's real estate held for investment and held for sale and investments in unconsolidated ventures may materially differ from the Company's current expectations and further impairment charges may be recorded in future periods. Operating Real Estate The Company’s real estate portfolio is reviewed on a quarterly basis, or more frequently as necessary, to assess whether there are any indicators that the value of its operating real estate may be impaired or that its carrying value may not be recoverable. A property’s value is considered impaired if the Company’s estimate of the aggregate expected future undiscounted cash flow generated by the property is less than the carrying value. In conducting this review, the Company considers U.S. macroeconomic factors, real estate and healthcare sector conditions, together with asset specific and other factors. To the extent an impairment has occurred, the loss is measured as the excess of the carrying value of the property over the estimated fair value and recorded in impairment loss in the consolidated statements of operations. Real estate held for sale is stated at the lower of its carrying amount or estimated fair value less disposal cost, with any write-down to disposal cost recorded as an impairment loss. For any increase in fair value less disposal cost subsequent to classification as held for sale, the impairment may be reversed, but only up to the amount of cumulative loss previously recognized. The Company considered the potential impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the future net operating income of its healthcare real estate held for investment as an indicator of impairment. Fair values were estimated based upon the income capitalization approach, using net operating income for each property and applying indicative capitalization rates. During the three months ended March 31, 2021, the Company recorded impairment losses totaling $0.8 million on its Smyrna net lease property as a result of lower estimated future cash flows and market value. Investments in Unconsolidated Ventures The Company reviews its investments in unconsolidated ventures for which the Company did not elect the fair value option on a quarterly basis, or more frequently as necessary, to assess whether there are any indicators that the value may be impaired or that its carrying value may not be recoverable. An investment is considered impaired if the projected net recoverable amount over the expected holding period is less than the carrying value. In conducting this review, the Company considers global macroeconomic factors, including real estate sector conditions, together with investment specific and other factors. To the extent an impairment has occurred and is considered to be other than temporary, the loss is measured as the excess of the carrying value of the investment over the estimated fair value and recorded in equity in earnings (losses) of unconsolidated ventures in the consolidated statements of operations. During the three months ended March 31, 2021, the Company did not impair any of its investments |
