LOANS RECEIVABLE AND ALLOWANCE FOR LOAN LOSSES | 3. Loans Receivable and Allowance for Loan Losses The following table sets forth a summary of the loan portfolio at March 31, 2018 and December 31, 2017: (In thousands) March 31, 2018 December 31, 2017 Real estate loans: Residential $ 195,638 $ 193,524 Commercial 1,005,962 987,242 Construction 87,309 101,636 1,288,909 1,282,402 Commercial business 267,052 259,995 Consumer 446 619 Total loans 1,556,407 1,543,016 Allowance for loan losses (18,801 ) (18,904 ) Deferred loan origination fees, net (3,050 ) (3,242 ) Unamortized loan premiums 9 9 Loans receivable, net $ 1,534,565 $ 1,520,879 Lending activities are conducted principally in the New York metropolitan area, including the Fairfield and New Haven County regions of Connecticut, and consist of residential and commercial real estate loans, commercial business loans and a variety of consumer loans. Loans may also be granted for the construction of residential homes and commercial properties. The majority of residential and commercial mortgage loans are collateralized by first or second mortgages on real estate. Risk management The Company has established credit policies applicable to each type of lending activity in which it engages. The Company evaluates the creditworthiness of each customer and extends credit of up to 80% of the market value of the collateral, depending on the borrowers’ creditworthiness and the type of collateral. The borrower’s ability to service the debt is monitored on an ongoing basis. Real estate is the primary form of collateral. Other important forms of collateral are business assets, time deposits and marketable securities. While collateral provides assurance as a secondary source of repayment, the Company ordinarily requires the primary source of repayment for commercial loans, to be based on the borrower’s ability to generate continuing cash flows. In the fourth quarter of 2017 management made the strategic decision to no longer originate residential mortgage loans. The Company’s policy for residential lending allowed that, generally, the amount of the loan may not exceed 80% of the original appraised value of the property. In certain situations, the amount may have exceeded 80% LTV either with private mortgage insurance being required for that portion of the residential loan in excess of 80% of the appraised value of the property or where secondary financing is provided by a housing authority program second mortgage, a community’s low/moderate income housing program, or a religious or civic organization. Credit quality of loans and the allowance for loan losses Management segregates the loan portfolio into portfolio segments which is defined as the level at which the develops and documents a systematic method for determining its allowance for loan losses. The portfolio segments are segregated based on loan types and the underlying risk factors present in each loan type. Such risk factors are periodically reviewed by management and revised as deemed appropriate. The Company's loan portfolio is segregated into the following portfolio segments: Residential Real Estate: Commercial Real Estate: Construction: Commercial Business: Consumer: Allowance for loan losses As of December 31, 2017 the Company has changed its methodology to estimate its allowance for loan losses. The change in methodology resulted in an update to the underlying loan loss assumptions, incorporating the most recent industry, peer and product loss trends. This resulted in a non-recurring, pretax $1.3 million reduction in the reserve for the year ended December 31, 2017. The following tables set forth the activity in the Company’s allowance for loan losses for the three months ended March 31, 2018 and 2017, by portfolio segment: Residential Commercial Commercial Real Estate Real Estate Construction Business Consumer Total (In thousands) March 31, 2018 Beginning balance $ 1,721 $ 12,777 $ 907 $ 3,498 $ 1 $ 18,904 Charge-offs - (18 ) - (96 ) (3 ) (117 ) Recoveries - - - - 1 1 (Credits) Provisions (26 ) (114 ) (140 ) 290 3 13 Ending balance $ 1,695 $ 12,645 $ 767 $ 3,692 $ 2 $ 18,801 Residential Commercial Commercial Real Estate Real Estate Construction Business Consumer Total (In thousands) March 31, 2017 Beginning balance $ 1,654 $ 9,563 $ 2,105 $ 4,283 $ 377 $ 17,982 Charge-offs - - - - (15 ) (15 ) Recoveries - - - - 1 1 (Credits) Provisions (7 ) (14 ) 17 538 9 543 Ending balance $ 1,647 $ 9,549 $ 2,122 $ 4,821 $ 372 $ 18,511 Loans evaluated for impairment and the related allowance for loan losses as of March 31, 2018 and December 31, 2017 were as follows: Portfolio Allowance (In thousands) March 31, 2018 Loans individually evaluated for impairment: Residential real estate $ 7,202 $ 14 Commercial real estate 22,100 708 Construction 1,546 2 Commercial business 3,381 45 Consumer 6 - Subtotal 34,235 769 Loans collectively evaluated for impairment: Residential real estate 188,436 1,681 Commercial real estate 983,862 11,937 Construction 85,763 765 Commercial business 263,671 3,647 Consumer 440 2 Subtotal 1,522,172 18,032 Total $ 1,556,407 $ 18,801 Portfolio Allowance (In thousands) December 31, 2017 Loans individually evaluated for impairment: Residential real estate $ 4,607 $ 8 Commercial real estate 7,586 876 Commercial business 2,660 71 Subtotal 14,853 955 Loans collectively evaluated for impairment: Residential real estate 188,917 1,713 Commercial real estate 979,656 11,901 Construction 101,636 907 Commercial business 257,335 3,427 Consumer 619 1 Subtotal 1,528,163 17,949 Total $ 1,543,016 $ 18,904 Credit quality indicators To measure credit risk for the loan portfolios, the Company employs a credit risk rating system. This risk rating represents an assessed level of the loan’s risk based on the character and creditworthiness of the borrower/guarantor, the capacity of the borrower to adequately service the debt, any credit enhancements or additional sources of repayment, and the quality, value and coverage of the collateral, if any. The objectives of the Company’s risk rating system are to provide the Board of Directors and senior management with an objective assessment of the overall quality of the loan portfolio, to promptly and accurately identify loans with well-defined credit weaknesses so that timely action can be taken to minimize credit loss, to identify relevant trends affecting the collectability of the loan portfolio and to isolate potential problem areas and to provide essential information for determining the adequacy of the allowance for loan losses. The Company’s credit risk rating system has nine grades, with each grade corresponding to a progressively greater risk of default. Risk ratings of 1 through 5 are Pass categories and risk ratings of 6 through 9 are criticized asset categories as defined by the regulatory agencies. A “Special Mention” (6) credit has a potential weakness which, if uncorrected, may result in a deterioration of the repayment prospects or inadequately protect the Company’s credit position at some time in the future. “Substandard” loans (7) are credits that have a well-defined weakness or weaknesses that jeopardize the full repayment of the debt. An asset rated “Doubtful” (8) has all the weaknesses inherent in a substandard asset and which, in addition, make collection or liquidation in full highly questionable and improbable, when considering existing facts, conditions, and values. Loans classified as “Loss” (9) are considered uncollectible and of such little value that their continuance as bankable assets is not warranted. This classification does not mean that the loan has absolutely no recovery or salvage value; rather, it is not practical or desirable to defer writing-off this basically worthless asset even though partial recovery may be made in the future. Risk ratings are assigned as necessary to differentiate risk within the portfolio. They are reviewed on an ongoing basis through the annual loan review process performed by Company personnel, normal renewal activity and the quarterly watchlist and watched asset report process. They are revised to reflect changes in the borrowers’ financial condition and outlook, debt service coverage capability, repayment performance, collateral value and coverage as well as other considerations. In addition to internal review at multiple points, outsourced loan review opines on risk ratings with regard to the sample of loans their review covers. The following table presents credit risk ratings by loan segment as of March 31, 2018 and December 31, 2017: Commercial Credit Quality Indicators At March 31, 2018 At December 31, 2017 Commercial Construction Commercial Total Commercial Construction Commercial Total (In thousands) Pass $ 980,699 $ 85,763 $ 259,491 $ 1,325,953 $ 960,902 $ 101,636 $ 252,570 $ 1,315,108 Special mention 3,162 - 3,345 6,507 9,371 - 4,019 13,390 Substandard 21,975 1,546 4,021 27,542 16,969 - 3,297 20,266 Doubtful 126 - 195 321 - - 109 109 Total loans $ 1,005,962 $ 87,309 $ 267,052 $ 1,360,323 $ 987,242 $ 101,636 $ 259,995 $ 1,348,873 Residential and Consumer Credit Quality Indicators At March 31, 2018 At December 31, 2017 Residential Residential Real Estate Consumer Total Real Estate Consumer Total (In thousands) Pass $ 188,239 $ 440 $ 188,679 $ 188,917 $ 619 $ 189,536 Special mention 197 - 197 - - - Substandard 7,202 6 7,208 4,607 - 4,607 Loss - - - - - - Total loans $ 195,638 $ 446 $ 196,084 $ 193,524 $ 619 $ 194,143 Loan portfolio aging analysis When a loan is 15 days past due, the Company sends the borrower a late notice. The Company also contacts the borrower by phone if the delinquency is not corrected promptly after the notice has been sent. When the loan is 30 days past due, the Company mails the borrower a letter reminding the borrower of the delinquency, and attempts to contact the borrower personally to determine the reason for the delinquency and ensure the borrower understands the terms of the loan. If necessary, on the subsequent 90th day of delinquency, the Company may take other appropriate legal action. A summary report of all loans 30 days or more past due is provided to the Board of Directors of the Company each month. Loans greater than 90 days past due are generally put on nonaccrual status. A nonaccrual loan is restored to accrual status when it is no longer delinquent and collectability of interest and principal is no longer in doubt. A loan is considered to be no longer delinquent when timely payments are made for a period of at least six months (one year for loans providing for quarterly or semi-annual payments) by the borrower in accordance with the contractual terms. The following tables set forth certain information with respect to our loan portfolio delinquencies by portfolio segment and amount as of March 31, 2018 and December 31, 2017: As of March 31, 2018 31-60 Days 61-90 Days Greater Than Total Past Past Due Past Due 90 Days Due Current Total Loans (In thousands) Real estate loans: Residential real estate $ 3,096 $ - $ 1,160 $ 4,256 $ 191,382 $ 195,638 Commercial real estate 564 9,501 5,069 15,134 990,828 1,005,962 Construction - - - - 87,309 87,309 Commercial business 341 1,098 154 1,593 265,459 267,052 Consumer 1 - - 1 445 446 Total loans $ 4,002 $ 10,599 $ 6,383 $ 20,984 $ 1,535,423 $ 1,556,407 As of December 31, 2017 31-60 Days 61-90 Days Greater Than Total Past Past Due Past Due 90 Days Due Current Total Loans (In thousands) Real estate loans: Residential real estate $ 1,248 $ 2,244 $ 1,161 $ 4,653 $ 188,871 $ 193,524 Commercial real estate 10,028 4,116 2,074 16,218 971,024 987,242 Construction - - - - 101,636 101,636 Commercial business 4,318 162 481 4,961 255,034 259,995 Consumer 3 - 2 5 614 619 Total loans $ 15,597 $ 6,522 $ 3,718 $ 25,837 $ 1,517,179 $ 1,543,016 There were no loans delinquent greater than 90 days and still accruing as of March 31, 2018 and there were no loans delinquent greater than 90 days and still accruing as of December 31, 2017. Loans on nonaccrual status The following is a summary of nonaccrual loans by portfolio segment as of March 31, 2018 and December 31, 2017: March 31, December 31, 2018 2017 (In thousands) Residential real estate $ 3,498 $ 1,590 Commercial real estate 15,641 3,371 Commercial business 1,235 520 Total $ 20,374 $ 5,481 At March 31, 2018 and December 31, 2017, there were no commitments to lend additional funds to any borrower on nonaccrual status. Impaired loans An impaired loan generally is one for which it is probable, based on current information, the Company will not collect all the amounts due in accordance with the contractual terms of the loan. Loans are individually evaluated for impairment. When the Company classifies a problem loan as impaired, it provides a specific valuation allowance for that portion of the asset that is estimated to be impaired. The following table summarizes impaired loans by portfolio segment as of March 31, 2018 and December 31, 2017: Carrying Amount Unpaid Principal Balance Associated Allowance March 31, 2018 December 31, 2017 March 31, 2018 December 31, 2017 March 31, 2018 December 31, 2017 (In thousands) Impaired loans without a valuation allowance: Residential real estate $ 6,261 $ 3,515 $ 6,295 $ 3,556 $ - $ - Commercial real estate 8,393 1,841 8,502 1,915 - - Commercial business 872 1,950 1,013 2,024 - - Consumer 6 - 6 - - - Total impaired loans without a valuation allowance 15,532 7,306 15,816 7,495 - - Impaired loans with a valuation allowance: Residential real estate $ 941 $ 1,092 $ 950 $ 1,092 $ 14 $ 8 Commercial real estate 13,707 5,745 13,707 5,745 708 876 Construction 1,546 - 1,546 - 2 - Commercial business 2,509 710 2,509 712 45 71 Total impaired loans with a valuation allowance 18,703 7,547 18,712 7,549 769 955 Total impaired loans $ 34,235 $ 14,853 $ 34,528 $ 15,044 $ 769 $ 955 The following table summarizes the average carrying amount of impaired loans and interest income recognized on impaired loans by portfolio segment as of March 31, 2018 and December 31, 2017: Average Carrying Amount Interest Income Recognized March 31, 2018 December 31, 2017 March 31, 2018 December 31, 2017 (In thousands) Impaired loans without a valuation allowance: Residential real estate $ 6,268 $ 3,530 $ 48 $ - Commercial real estate 8,445 1,916 74 21 Commercial business 916 2,109 8 89 Consumer 6 - - - Total impaired loans without a valuation allowance 15,635 7,555 130 110 Impaired loans with a valuation allowance: Residential real estate $ 942 $ 1,100 $ - $ - Commercial real estate 13,715 5,854 38 261 Construction 1,546 - 16 - Commercial business 2,530 873 92 47 Total impaired loans with a valuation allowance 18,733 7,827 146 308 Total impaired loans $ 34,368 $ 15,382 $ 276 $ 418 Troubled debt restructurings (TDRs) Modifications to a loan are considered to be a troubled debt restructuring when one or both of the following conditions is met: 1) the borrower is experiencing financial difficulties and/or 2) the modification constitutes a concession that is not in line with market rates and/or terms. Modified terms are dependent upon the financial position and needs of the individual borrower. Troubled debt restructurings are classified as impaired loans. If a performing loan is restructured into a TDR it remains in performing status. If a nonperforming loan is restructured into a TDR, it continues to be carried in nonaccrual status. Nonaccrual classification may be removed if the borrower demonstrates compliance with the modified terms for a minimum of six months. Loans classified as TDRs totaled $7.5 million at March 31, 2018 and $4.9 million at December 31, 2017. There were no loans modified as TDRs during the three months ended March 31, 2017. Outstanding Recorded Investment Number of Loans Pre-Modification Post-Modification (Dollars in thousands) 2018 2017 2018 2017 2018 2017 Three Months Ended March 31, Residential real estate 2 - $ 2,826 $ - $ 2,822 $ - Commercial business 1 - 37 - 29 - Total 3 - $ 2,863 $ - $ 2,851 $ - At March 31, 2018 and December 31, 2017 there were six non-accrual loans identified as TDRs totaling $2.6 million and four non-accrual loans identified as TDRs totaling $553 thousand, respectively. The following table provides information on how loans were modified as a TDR during the three months ended March 31, 2018 and 2017. Three Months Ended March 31, 2018 2017 (In thousands) Maturity and payment concession $ 750 $ - Payment concession 2,101 - Total $ 2,851 $ - There were two loans modified in a troubled debt restructuring, for which there was a payment default during the three months ended March 31, 2018. The total recorded investment in these loans was $2.1 million at March 31, 2018. |