Loans Receivable and Allowance for Loan Losses | Loans Receivable and Allowance for Loan Losses The following table sets forth a summary of the loan portfolio at June 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020: (In thousands) June 30, 2021 December 31, 2020 Real estate loans: Residential $ 100,260 $ 113,557 Commercial 1,266,731 1,148,383 Construction 82,805 87,007 1,449,796 1,348,947 Commercial business (1) 279,814 276,601 Consumer 8,883 79 Total loans 1,738,493 1,625,627 Allowance for loan losses (16,672) (21,009) Deferred loan origination fees, net (2,547) (2,946) Loans receivable, net $ 1,719,274 $ 1,601,672 (1) The June 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020 balance includes $7.9 million and $34.8 million, respectively, of Paycheck Protection Program ("PPP") loans made under the CARES Act. Lending activities consist of commercial real estate loans, commercial business loans and, to a lesser degree, a variety of consumer loans. Loans may also be granted for the construction of commercial properties. The majority of commercial mortgage loans are collateralized by first or second mortgages on real estate. Risk management The Company has established credit policies applicable to each type of lending activity in which it engages. The Company evaluates the creditworthiness of each customer and extends credit of up to 80% of the market value of the collateral, depending on the borrower's creditworthiness and the type of collateral. The borrower’s ability to service the debt is monitored on an ongoing basis. Real estate is the primary form of collateral. Other important forms of collateral are business assets, time deposits and marketable securities. While collateral provides assurance as a secondary source of repayment, the Company ordinarily requires the primary source of repayment for commercial loans to be based on the borrower’s ability to generate continuing cash flows. In the fourth quarter of 2017, management made the strategic decision to cease the origination of residential mortgage loans. At the beginning of the third quarter 2019, the Company no longer offered home equity loans or lines of credit. The Company’s policy for residential lending generally required that the amount of the loan may not exceed 80% of the original appraised value of the property. In certain situations, the amount may have exceeded 80% LTV either with private mortgage insurance being required for that portion of the residential loan in excess of 80% of the appraised value of the property or where secondary financing is provided by a housing authority program second mortgage, a community’s low/moderate income housing program, or a religious or civic organization. Credit quality of loans and the allowance for loan losses Management segregates the loan portfolio into defined segments, which are used to develop and document a systematic method for determining the Company's allowance for loan losses. The portfolio segments are segregated based on loan types and the underlying risk factors present in each loan type. Such risk factors are periodically reviewed by management and revised as deemed appropriate. The Company's loan portfolio is segregated into the following portfolio segments: Residential Real Estate: This portfolio segment consists of first mortgage loans secured by one-to-four family owner occupied residential properties for personal use located in the Company's market area. This segment also includes home equity loans and home equity lines of credit secured by owner occupied one-to-four family residential properties. Loans of this type were written at a combined maximum of 80% of the appraised value of the property and the Company requires a first or second lien position on the property. These loans can be affected by economic conditions and the values of the underlying properties. Commercial Real Estate: This portfolio segment includes loans secured by commercial real estate, multi-family dwellings, owner-occupied commercial real estate and investor-owned one-to-four family dwellings. Loans secured by commercial real estate generally have larger loan balances and more credit risk than owner occupied one-to-four family mortgage loans. Construction: This portfolio segment includes commercial construction loans for commercial development projects, including apartment buildings and condominiums, as well as office buildings, retail and other income producing properties and land loans, which are loans made with land as collateral. Construction and land development financing generally involves greater credit risk than long-term financing on improved, owner-occupied or leased real estate. Risk of loss on a construction loan depends largely upon the accuracy of the initial estimate of the value of the property at completion of construction compared to the estimated cost (including interest) of construction and other assumptions. If the estimate of construction cost proves to be inaccurate, the Company may be required to advance additional funds beyond the amount originally committed in order to protect the value of the property. Moreover, if the estimated value of the completed project proves to be inaccurate, the borrower may hold a property with a value that is insufficient to assure full repayment through sale or refinance. Construction loans also expose the Company to the risks that improvements will not be completed on time in accordance with specifications and projected costs and that repayment will depend on the successful operation or sale of the properties, which may cause some borrowers to be unable to continue paying debt service, which exposes the Company to greater risk of non-payment and loss. Commercial Business: This portfolio segment includes commercial business loans secured by assignments of corporate assets and personal guarantees of the business owners. Commercial business loans generally have higher interest rates and shorter terms than other loans, but they also have increased difficulty of loan monitoring and a higher risk of default since their repayment generally depends on the successful operation of the borrower’s business. This segment also includes Paycheck Protection Program ("PPP") loans made under the CARES Act to small businesses impacted by COVID-19, to cover payroll and other operating expenses. Loans extended under the PPP are fully guaranteed by the U.S. Small Business Administration ("SBA"). Consumer: This portfolio segment includes loans secured by savings or certificate accounts, automobiles, as well as unsecured personal loans and overdraft lines of credit. This type of loan entails greater risk than residential mortgage loans, particularly in the case of loans that are unsecured or secured by assets that depreciate rapidly. Allowance for loan losses The following tables set forth the activity in the Company’s allowance for loan losses for the three and six months ended June 30, 2021 and 2020, by portfolio segment: Residential Real Estate Commercial Real Estate Construction Commercial Business Consumer Total (In thousands) Three Months Ended June 30, 2021 Beginning balance $ 501 $ 16,259 $ 297 $ 3,452 $ 36 $ 20,545 Charge-offs — (3,814) — (51) (4) (3,869) Recoveries — — — 16 — 16 (Credits) provisions (183) 764 (164) (441) 4 (20) Ending balance $ 318 $ 13,209 $ 133 $ 2,976 $ 36 $ 16,672 Residential Real Estate Commercial Real Estate Construction Commercial Business Consumer Total (In thousands) Three Months Ended June 30, 2020 Beginning balance $ 785 $ 13,134 $ 466 $ 2,301 $ — $ 16,686 Charge-offs — — — — (23) (23) Recoveries — — — — — — Provisions (credits) 24 1,275 (25) 1,702 23 2,999 Ending balance $ 809 $ 14,409 $ 441 $ 4,003 $ — $ 19,662 Residential Real Estate Commercial Real Estate Construction Commercial Business Consumer Total (In thousands) Six Months Ended June 30, 2021 Beginning balance $ 610 $ 16,425 $ 221 $ 3,753 $ — $ 21,009 Charge-offs — (3,977) — (51) (18) (4,046) Recoveries — — — 16 9 25 (Credits) provisions (292) 761 (88) (742) 45 (316) Ending balance $ 318 $ 13,209 $ 133 $ 2,976 $ 36 $ 16,672 Residential Real Estate Commercial Real Estate Construction Commercial Business Consumer Total (In thousands) Six Months Ended June 30, 2020 Beginning balance $ 730 $ 10,551 $ 324 $ 1,903 $ 1 $ 13,509 Charge-offs — — — (8) (25) (33) Recoveries — — — 1 1 2 Provisions 79 3,858 117 2,107 23 6,184 Ending balance $ 809 $ 14,409 $ 441 $ 4,003 $ — $ 19,662 Loans evaluated for impairment and the related allowance for loan losses as of June 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020 were as follows: Portfolio Allowance (In thousands) June 30, 2021 Loans individually evaluated for impairment: Residential real estate $ 4,148 $ — Commercial real estate 31,323 2,785 Construction 8,997 — Commercial business 4,769 3 Subtotal 49,237 2,788 Loans collectively evaluated for impairment: Residential real estate 96,112 318 Commercial real estate 1,235,408 10,424 Construction 73,808 133 Commercial business 275,045 2,973 Consumer 8,883 36 Subtotal 1,689,256 13,884 Total $ 1,738,493 $ 16,672 As of June 30, 2021, $49.2 million of loans were individually evaluated for impairment and $0.3 million of these loans were determined not impaired. Portfolio Allowance (In thousands) December 31, 2020 Loans individually evaluated for impairment: Residential real estate $ 4,604 $ — Commercial real estate 37,579 4,960 Construction 8,997 — Commercial business 6,507 85 Subtotal 57,687 5,045 Loans collectively evaluated for impairment: Residential real estate 108,953 610 Commercial real estate 1,110,804 11,465 Construction 78,010 221 Commercial business 270,094 3,668 Consumer 79 — Subtotal 1,567,940 15,964 Total $ 1,625,627 $ 21,009 As of December 31, 2020, $57.7 million of loans were individually evaluated for impairment and $10.0 million of these loans were determined not impaired. Credit quality indicators To measure credit risk for the loan portfolios, the Company employs a credit risk rating system. This risk rating represents an assessed level of a loan’s risk based on the character and creditworthiness of the borrower/guarantor, the capacity of the borrower to adequately service the debt, any credit enhancements or additional sources of repayment, and the quality, value and coverage of the collateral, if any. The objectives of the Company’s risk rating system are to provide the Board of Directors and senior management with an objective assessment of the overall quality of the loan portfolio, to promptly and accurately identify loans with well-defined credit weaknesses so that timely action can be taken to minimize a potential credit loss, to identify relevant trends affecting the collectability of the loan portfolio, to isolate potential problem areas and to provide essential information for determining the adequacy of the allowance for loan losses. The Company’s credit risk rating system has nine grades, with each grade corresponding to a progressively greater risk of default. Risk ratings of (1) through (5) are "pass" categories and risk ratings of (6) through (9) are criticized asset categories as defined by the regulatory agencies. A “special mention” (6) credit has a potential weakness which, if uncorrected, may result in a deterioration of the repayment prospects or inadequately protect the Company’s credit position at some time in the future. “Substandard” (7) loans are credits that have a well-defined weakness or weaknesses that jeopardize the full repayment of the debt. An asset rated “doubtful” (8) has all the weaknesses inherent in a substandard asset and which, in addition, make collection or liquidation in full highly questionable and improbable when considering existing facts, conditions, and values. Loans classified as “loss” (9) are considered uncollectible and of such little value that their continuance as bankable assets is not warranted. This classification does not mean that the loan has absolutely no recovery or salvage value; rather, it is not practical or desirable to defer writing-off this asset even though partial recovery may be made in the future. Risk ratings are assigned as necessary to differentiate risk within the portfolio. They are reviewed on an ongoing basis through the annual loan review process performed by Company personnel, normal renewal activity and the quarterly watchlist and watched asset report process. They are revised to reflect changes in the borrower's financial condition and outlook, debt service coverage capability, repayment performance, collateral value and coverage, as well as other considerations. In addition to internal review at multiple points, outsourced loan review opines on risk ratings with regard to the sample of loans their review covers. The following tables present credit risk ratings by loan segment as of June 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020: Commercial Credit Quality Indicators June 30, 2021 December 31, 2020 Commercial Real Estate Construction Commercial Business Total Commercial Real Estate Construction Commercial Business Total (In thousands) Pass $ 1,234,017 $ 73,808 $ 273,591 $ 1,581,416 $ 1,105,825 $ 78,010 $ 269,728 $ 1,453,563 Special Mention 1,704 — 1,454 3,158 12,560 — 2,055 14,615 Substandard 30,586 8,997 3,222 42,805 29,998 8,997 3,247 42,242 Doubtful 424 — 1,547 1,971 — — 1,571 1,571 Loss — — — — — — — — Total loans $ 1,266,731 $ 82,805 $ 279,814 $ 1,629,350 $ 1,148,383 $ 87,007 $ 276,601 $ 1,511,991 Residential and Consumer Credit Quality Indicators June 30, 2021 December 31, 2020 Residential Real Estate Consumer Total Residential Real Estate Consumer Total (In thousands) Pass $ 95,407 $ 8,883 $ 104,290 $ 108,953 $ 79 $ 109,032 Special Mention 706 — 706 713 — 713 Substandard 3,972 — 3,972 3,714 — 3,714 Doubtful 175 — 175 177 — 177 Loss — — — — — — Total loans $ 100,260 $ 8,883 $ 109,143 $ 113,557 $ 79 $ 113,636 Loan portfolio aging analysis When a loan is 15 days past due, the Company sends the borrower a late notice. The Company attempts to contact the borrower by phone if the delinquency is not corrected promptly after the notice has been sent. When the loan is 30 days past due, the Company mails the borrower a letter reminding the borrower of the delinquency, and attempts to contact the borrower personally to determine the reason for the delinquency and ensure the borrower understands the terms of the loan. If necessary, after the 90th day of delinquency, the Company may take other appropriate legal action. A summary report of all loans 30 days or more past due is provided to the Board of Directors of the Company periodically. Loans greater than 90 days past due are generally put on nonaccrual status. A nonaccrual loan is restored to accrual status when it is no longer delinquent and collectability of interest and principal is no longer in doubt. A loan is considered to be no longer delinquent when timely payments are made for a period of at least six months (one year for loans providing for quarterly or semi-annual payments) by the borrower in accordance with the contractual terms. Loans that are granted payment deferrals under the CARES Act are not required to be reported as past due or placed on non-accrual status if the criteria under section 4013 of the CARES Act is met. As of June 30, 2021, no loans remained on active deferral under the CARES Act. The following tables set forth certain information with respect to the Company's loan portfolio delinquencies by portfolio segment as of June 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020: June 30, 2021 30-59 Days Past Due 60-89 Days Past Due 90 Days or Greater Past Due Total Past Due Current Total Loans (In thousands) Real estate loans: Residential real estate $ 853 $ — $ 176 $ 1,029 $ 99,231 $ 100,260 Commercial real estate 569 — 15,047 15,616 1,251,115 1,266,731 Construction — — 8,997 8,997 73,808 82,805 Commercial business 169 1,454 1,495 3,118 276,696 279,814 Consumer 3 — — 3 8,880 8,883 Total loans $ 1,594 $ 1,454 $ 25,715 $ 28,763 $ 1,709,730 $ 1,738,493 December 31, 2020 30-59 Days Past Due 60-89 Days Past Due 90 Days or Greater Past Due Total Past Due Current Total Loans (In thousands) Real estate loans: Residential real estate $ 245 $ — $ 177 $ 422 $ 113,135 $ 113,557 Commercial real estate 1,305 193 2,541 4,039 1,144,344 1,148,383 Construction 8,997 — — 8,997 78,010 87,007 Commercial business 45 55 1,526 1,626 274,975 276,601 Consumer — — — — 79 79 Total loans $ 10,592 $ 248 $ 4,244 $ 15,084 $ 1,610,543 $ 1,625,627 There were no loans delinquent greater than 90 days and still accruing interest as of June 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020. Loans on nonaccrual status The following is a summary of nonaccrual loans by portfolio segment as of June 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020: June 30, 2021 December 31, 2020 (In thousands) Residential real estate $ 1,160 $ 1,492 Commercial real estate 15,392 21,093 Commercial business 1,780 1,834 Construction 8,997 8,997 Total $ 27,329 $ 33,416 Interest income on loans that would have been recognized if loans on nonaccrual status had been current in accordance with their original terms for the six months ended June 30, 2021 and 2020 was $0.7 million and $0.4 million, respectively. There was no interest income recognized on these loans for the six months ended June 30, 2021 and 2020. At June 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020, there were no commitments to lend additional funds to any borrower on nonaccrual status. Nonaccrual loans with no specific reserve totaled $16.4 million and $17.5 million at June 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020, respectively, as these loans were deemed to be adequately collateralized. Impaired loans An impaired loan is generally one for which it is probable, based on current information, that the Company will not collect all the amounts due in accordance with the contractual terms of the loan. Impaired loans are individually evaluated for impairment. When the Company classifies a problem loan as impaired, it evaluates whether a specific valuation allowance is required for that portion of the asset that is estimated to be impaired. The following table summarizes impaired loans by portfolio segment as of June 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020: Carrying Amount Unpaid Principal Balance Associated Allowance June 30, 2021 December 31, 2020 June 30, 2021 December 31, 2020 June 30, 2021 December 31, 2020 (In thousands) Impaired loans without a valuation allowance: Residential real estate $ 4,148 $ 3,891 $ 4,314 $ 4,108 $ — $ — Commercial real estate 11,053 8,964 11,401 9,282 — — Construction 8,997 8,997 8,997 8,997 — — Commercial business 4,652 1,899 5,281 2,512 — — Total impaired loans without a valuation allowance 28,850 23,751 29,993 24,899 — — Impaired loans with a valuation allowance: Commercial real estate $ 19,957 $ 21,035 $ 23,809 $ 21,049 $ 2,785 $ 4,960 Commercial business 117 2,920 117 2,922 3 85 Total impaired loans with a valuation allowance 20,074 23,955 23,926 23,971 2,788 5,045 Total impaired loans $ 48,924 $ 47,706 $ 53,919 $ 48,870 $ 2,788 $ 5,045 The following tables summarize the average carrying amount of impaired loans and interest income recognized on impaired loans by portfolio segment for the three and six months ended June 30, 2021 and 2020: Average Carrying Amount Interest Income Recognized Three Months Ended June 30, Three Months Ended June 30, 2021 2020 2021 2020 (In thousands) Impaired loans without a valuation allowance: Residential real estate $ 4,163 $ 4,080 $ 22 $ 24 Commercial real estate 10,911 7,885 68 38 Commercial business 4,667 3,673 7 3 Construction 8,997 — — — Total impaired loans without a valuation allowance 28,738 15,638 97 65 Impaired loans with a valuation allowance: Commercial real estate $ 22,827 $ 6,282 $ 225 $ 63 Commercial business 120 523 1 2 Total impaired loans with a valuation allowance 22,947 6,805 226 65 Total impaired loans $ 51,685 $ 22,443 $ 323 $ 130 Average Carrying Amount Interest Income Recognized Six Months Ended June 30, Six Months Ended June 30, 2021 2020 2021 2020 (In thousands) Impaired loans without a valuation allowance: Residential real estate $ 4,180 $ 4,106 $ 43 $ 55 Commercial real estate 11,008 7,961 362 76 Commercial business 4,687 3,682 67 6 Construction 8,997 — — — Total impaired loans without a valuation allowance 28,872 15,749 472 137 Impaired loans with a valuation allowance: Commercial real estate $ 23,249 $ 6,288 $ 428 $ 126 Commercial business 124 531 3 4 Total impaired loans with a valuation allowance 23,373 6,819 431 130 Total impaired loans $ 52,245 $ 22,568 $ 903 $ 267 Troubled debt restructurings ("TDRs") Modifications to a loan are considered to be a troubled debt restructuring when both of the following conditions are met: 1) the borrower is experiencing financial difficulties and 2) the modification constitutes a concession that is not in line with market rates and/or terms. Modified terms are dependent upon the financial position and needs of the individual borrower. Troubled debt restructurings are classified as impaired loans. If a performing loan is restructured into a TDR, it remains in performing status. If a nonperforming loan is restructured into a TDR, it continues to be carried in nonaccrual status. Nonaccrual classification may be removed if the borrower demonstrates compliance with the modified terms for a minimum of six months. Loans classified as TDRs totaled $16.0 million at June 30, 2021 and $9.1 million at December 31, 2020. The following tables provide information on loans that were modified as TDRs during the periods indicated. Number of Loans Pre-Modification Post-Modification (Dollars in thousands) 2021 2020 2021 2020 2021 2020 Three Months Ended June 30, Residential real estate 1 — $ 132 $ — $ 132 $ — Commercial business 1 — 2,567 — 2,655 — Commercial real estate 1 — 3,217 — 3,168 — Total 3 — $ 5,916 $ — $ 5,955 $ — Number of Loans Pre-Modification Post-Modification (Dollars in thousands) 2021 2020 2021 2020 2021 2020 Six Months Ended June 30, Residential real estate 2 — $ 764 $ — $ 764 $ — Commercial business 1 — 2,567 — 2,655 — Commercial real estate 1 — 3,217 — 3,168 — Total 4 — $ 6,548 $ — $ 6,587 $ — At June 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020, there were four nonaccrual loans identified as TDRs totaling $1.5 million and three nonaccrual loans identified as TDRs totaling $1.4 million, respectively. There were no loans modified in a troubled debt restructuring that re-defaulted during the six months ended June 30, 2021 and June 30, 2020. The following table provides information on how loans were modified as TDRs during the three and six months ended June 30, 2021 and June 30, 2020. Three Months Ended June 30, Six Months Ended June 30, 2021 2020 2021 2020 (In thousands) Payment concession $ 132 $ — $ 764 $ — Maturity, rate and payment concession 2,655 — 2,655 — Rate concession 3,168 — 3,168 — Total $ 5,955 $ — $ 6,587 $ — |