Pinterest (PINS) 10-K 6 Feb 25 2024 FY Annual report Financial data

Cover Page

Cover Page - USD ($) $ in Billions	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2024	Jan. 31, 2025	Jun. 28, 2024
Document Information [Line Items]
Document Type	10-K
Document Annual Report	true
Document Period End Date	Dec. 31, 2024
Current Fiscal Year End Date	--12-31
Document Transition Report	false
Entity File Number	001-38872
Entity Registrant Name	Pinterest, Inc.
Entity Incorporation, State or Country Code	DE
Entity Tax Identification Number	26-3607129
Entity Address, Address Line One	651 Brannan Street
Entity Address, City or Town	San Francisco
Entity Address, State or Province	CA
Entity Address, Postal Zip Code	94107
City Area Code	415
Local Phone Number	762-7100
Title of 12(b) Security	Class A Common Stock, $0.00001 par value
Trading Symbol	PINS
Security Exchange Name	NYSE
Entity Well-known Seasoned Issuer	Yes
Entity Voluntary Filers	No
Entity Current Reporting Status	Yes
Entity Interactive Data Current	Yes
Entity Filer Category	Large Accelerated Filer
Entity Small Business	false
Entity Emerging Growth Company	false
ICFR Auditor Attestation Flag	true
Document Financial Statement Error Correction	false
Entity Shell Company	false
Entity Public Float			$ 23.1
Documents Incorporated by Reference	Portions of the registrant’s Definitive Proxy Statement for the 2025 Annual Meeting of Stockholders are incorporated by reference into Part III of this Annual Report on Form 10-K where indicated. Such Definitive Proxy Statement will be filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission within 120 days after the end of the registrant’s fiscal year ended December 31, 2024.
Document Fiscal Period Focus	FY
Amendment Flag	false
Document Fiscal Year Focus	2024
Entity Central Index Key	0001506293
Class A Common Stock
Document Information [Line Items]
Entity Common Stock, Shares Outstanding		595,091,038
Class B Common Stock
Document Information [Line Items]
Entity Common Stock, Shares Outstanding		83,146,379

Audit Information

Audit Information	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2024
Audit Information [Abstract]
Auditor Name	Ernst & Young LLP
Auditor Firm ID	42
Auditor Location	San Francisco, California

Consolidated balance sheets

Consolidated balance sheets - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Dec. 31, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023
Current assets:
Cash and cash equivalents	$ 1,136,460	$ 1,361,936
Marketable securities	1,376,409	1,149,148
Accounts receivable, net of allowances of $7,839 and $10,635 as of December 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively	893,403	763,159
Prepaid expenses and other current assets	78,435	64,316
Total current assets	3,484,707	3,338,559
Property and equipment, net	45,624	32,225
Operating lease right-of-use assets	85,867	92,119
Goodwill and intangible assets, net	110,103	117,462
Deferred tax assets	1,602,539	3,067
Other assets	13,820	10,973
Total assets	5,342,660	3,594,405
Current liabilities:
Accounts payable	84,026	79,058
Accrued expenses and other current liabilities	314,107	238,032
Total current liabilities	398,133	317,090
Operating lease liabilities	151,364	160,616
Other liabilities	42,009	26,019
Total liabilities	591,506	503,725
Commitments and contingencies
Stockholders’ equity:
Class A common stock, $0.00001 par value, 6,666,667 shares authorized, 593,462 and 591,663 shares issued and outstanding as of December 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively; Class B common stock, $0.00001 par value, 1,333,333 shares authorized, 82,471 and 86,355 shares issued and outstanding as of December 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively	7	7
Additional paid-in capital	5,039,439	5,241,954
Accumulated other comprehensive loss	(130)	(1,013)
Accumulated deficit	(288,162)	(2,150,268)
Total stockholders’ equity	4,751,154	3,090,680
Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity	$ 5,342,660	$ 3,594,405

Consolidated balance sheets (Pa

Consolidated balance sheets (Parenthetical) - USD ($) shares in Thousands, $ in Thousands	Dec. 31, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023
Allowances	$ 7,839	$ 10,635
Class A Common Stock
Common stock, par value (in dollars per share)	$ 0.00001	$ 0.00001
Common stock, shares authorized (in shares)	6,666,667	6,666,667
Common stock, shares issued (in shares)	593,462	591,663
Common stock, shares outstanding (in shares)	593,462	591,663
Class B Common Stock
Common stock, par value (in dollars per share)	$ 0.00001	$ 0.00001
Common stock, shares authorized (in shares)	1,333,333	1,333,333
Common stock, shares issued (in shares)	82,471	86,355
Common stock, shares outstanding (in shares)	82,471	86,355

Consolidated statements of oper

Consolidated statements of operations - USD ($) shares in Thousands, $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022
Income Statement [Abstract]
Revenue	$ 3,646,166	$ 3,055,071	$ 2,802,574
Costs and expenses:
Cost of revenue	750,355	688,760	678,597
Research and development	1,240,564	1,068,416	948,980
Sales and marketing	1,011,772	911,166	933,133
General and administrative	463,658	512,407	343,541
Total costs and expenses	3,466,349	3,180,749	2,904,251
Income (loss) from operations	179,817	(125,678)	(101,677)
Interest income (expense), net	127,003	105,439	30,235
Other income (expense), net	(19,215)	3,799	(14,502)
Income (loss) before provision for (benefit from) income taxes	287,605	(16,440)	(85,944)
Provision for (benefit from) income taxes	(1,574,501)	19,170	10,103
Net income (loss)	$ 1,862,106	$ (35,610)	$ (96,047)
Net income (loss) per share:
Basic (in dollars per share)	$ 2.74	$ (0.05)	$ (0.14)
Diluted (in dollars per share)	$ 2.67	$ (0.05)	$ (0.14)
Weighted-average shares used in computing net income (loss) per share:
Basic (in shares)	678,831	674,641	665,732
Diluted (in shares)	698,376	674,641	665,732

Consolidated statements of comp

Consolidated statements of comprehensive income (loss) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022
Statement of Comprehensive Income [Abstract]
Net income (loss)	$ 1,862,106	$ (35,610)	$ (96,047)
Other comprehensive income (loss), net of taxes:
Change in unrealized gain (loss) on available-for-sale marketable securities	996	10,001	(8,334)
Change in foreign currency translation adjustment	(113)	405	(904)
Comprehensive income (loss)	$ 1,862,989	$ (25,204)	$ (105,285)

Consolidated statements of stoc

Consolidated statements of stockholders' equity - USD ($) shares in Thousands, $ in Thousands	Total	Common Stock	Additional Paid-In Capital	Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)	Accumulated Deficit
Beginning balance (in shares) at Dec. 31, 2021		656,872
Beginning balance at Dec. 31, 2021	$ 3,038,743	$ 7	$ 5,059,528	$ (2,181)	$ (2,018,611)
Increase (Decrease) in Stockholders' Equity [Roll Forward]
Release of restricted stock units and issuance of restricted stock awards, net (in shares)		17,435
Shares repurchased for tax withholdings on release of restricted stock units and restricted stock awards	(161,809)		(161,809)
Issuance of common stock for cash upon exercise of stock options, net (in shares)		8,895
Issuance of common stock for cash upon exercise of stock options, net	12,882		12,882
Share-based compensation	497,123		497,123
Other comprehensive (loss) income	(9,238)			(9,238)
Net (loss) income	(96,047)				(96,047)
Ending balance (in shares) at Dec. 31, 2022		683,202
Ending balance at Dec. 31, 2022	3,281,654	$ 7	5,407,724	(11,419)	(2,114,658)
Increase (Decrease) in Stockholders' Equity [Roll Forward]
Release of restricted stock units and issuance of restricted stock awards, net (in shares)		12,776
Shares repurchased for tax withholdings on release of restricted stock units and restricted stock awards	(335,019)		(335,019)
Issuance of common stock for cash upon exercise of stock options, net (in shares)		2,756
Issuance of common stock for cash upon exercise of stock options, net	8,499		8,499
Issuance of common stock related to charitable contributions (in shares)		500
Issuance of common stock related to charitable contributions	12,890		12,890
Repurchases of Class A common stock (in shares)		(21,216)
Repurchases of Class A common stock	(500,000)		(500,000)
Share-based compensation	647,860		647,860
Other comprehensive (loss) income	10,406			10,406
Net (loss) income	(35,610)				(35,610)
Ending balance (in shares) at Dec. 31, 2023		678,018
Ending balance at Dec. 31, 2023	3,090,680	$ 7	5,241,954	(1,013)	(2,150,268)
Increase (Decrease) in Stockholders' Equity [Roll Forward]
Release of restricted stock units and issuance of restricted stock awards, net (in shares)		14,397
Shares repurchased for tax withholdings on release of restricted stock units and restricted stock awards	$ (390,254)		(390,254)
Issuance of common stock for cash upon exercise of stock options, net (in shares)	2,643	2,643
Issuance of common stock for cash upon exercise of stock options, net	$ 22,142		22,142
Repurchases of Class A common stock (in shares)		(19,125)
Repurchases of Class A common stock	(600,198)		(600,198)
Share-based compensation	765,795		765,795
Other comprehensive (loss) income	883			883
Net (loss) income	1,862,106				1,862,106
Ending balance (in shares) at Dec. 31, 2024		675,933
Ending balance at Dec. 31, 2024	$ 4,751,154	$ 7	$ 5,039,439	$ (130)	$ (288,162)

Consolidated statements of cash

Consolidated statements of cash flows - USD ($) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022
Operating activities
Net income (loss)	$ 1,862,106	$ (35,610)	$ (96,047)
Adjustments to reconcile net income (loss) to net cash provided by operating activities:
Depreciation and amortization	21,266	21,509	46,489
Share-based compensation	765,795	647,860	497,123
Deferred income taxes	(1,600,434)	(1,838)	(3,344)
Non-cash charitable contributions	0	12,890	0
Impairment and abandonment charges for leases and leasehold improvements	0	117,315	0
Net amortization of investment premium and discount	(29,017)	(21,897)	(638)
Other	2,320	(2,654)	(13,851)
Changes in assets and liabilities:
Accounts receivable	(128,946)	(80,782)	(28,856)
Prepaid expenses and other assets	(17,187)	19,861	(30,525)
Operating lease right-of-use assets	32,711	55,324	56,024
Accounts payable	3,828	(9,261)	70,777
Accrued expenses and other liabilities	91,632	(43,249)	24,882
Operating lease liabilities	(39,480)	(66,507)	(52,832)
Net cash provided by operating activities	964,594	612,961	469,202
Investing activities
Purchases of property and equipment	(24,606)	(8,063)	(28,984)
Purchases of marketable securities	(1,510,013)	(1,308,020)	(1,028,480)
Sales of marketable securities	22,040	35,850	7,417
Maturities of marketable securities	1,291,562	1,243,240	1,007,861
Acquisition of business, net of cash acquired	0	0	(86,059)
Net cash used in investing activities	(221,017)	(36,993)	(128,245)
Financing activities
Proceeds from exercise of stock options, net	22,133	8,256	12,882
Repurchases of Class A common stock	(600,198)	(500,000)	0
Shares repurchased for tax withholdings on release of restricted stock units and restricted stock awards	(390,254)	(335,019)	(161,809)
Net cash used in financing activities	(968,319)	(826,763)	(148,927)
Effect of exchange rate changes on cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash	(2,569)	1,667	(1,434)
Net increase (decrease) in cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash	(227,311)	(249,128)	190,596
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash, beginning of period	1,368,532	1,617,660	1,427,064
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash, end of period	1,141,221	1,368,532	1,617,660
Supplemental cash flow information
Cash paid for income taxes, net	25,018	19,173	10,008
Non-cash investing and financing activities:
Operating lease right-of-use assets obtained in exchange for operating lease liabilities	$ 31,132	$ 32,784	$ 31,515

Consolidated statements of ca_2

Consolidated statements of cash flows (Parenthetical) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Dec. 31, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022
Reconciliation of cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash to consolidated balance sheets
Cash and cash equivalents	$ 1,136,460	$ 1,361,936	$ 1,611,063
Restricted cash included in prepaid expenses and other current assets	0	2,542	1,067
Restricted cash included in other assets	4,761	4,054	5,530
Total cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash	$ 1,141,221	$ 1,368,532	$ 1,617,660

Description of business and sum

Description of business and summary of significant accounting policies	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2024
Accounting Policies [Abstract]
Description of business and summary of significant accounting policies	Description of business and summary of significant accounting policies Description of business Pinterest was incorporated in Delaware in 2008 and is headquartered in San Francisco, California. Pinterest is a visual search and discovery platform, positioned at the intersection of search, social, and commerce. We generate revenue by delivering ads on our website and mobile application. Basis of presentation and consolidation We prepared the accompanying consolidated financial statements in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles in the United States ("GAAP"). The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of Pinterest, Inc. and its wholly owned subsidiaries. We have eliminated all intercompany balances and transactions. Reclassifications We have reclassified certain amounts in prior periods to conform with current presentation. Use of estimates Preparing our consolidated financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires us to make estimates and judgments that affect amounts reported in the consolidated financial statements and accompanying notes. We base these estimates and judgments on historical experience and various other assumptions that we consider reasonable. GAAP requires us to make estimates and assumptions in several areas, including the fair values of financial instruments, assets acquired and liabilities assumed through business combinations, share-based awards, and contingencies, the recognition, measurement and valuation of deferred income taxes, as well as the collectability of our accounts receivable, the useful lives of our intangible assets and property and equipment, the incremental borrowing rate we use to determine our operating lease liabilities, and revenue recognition, among others. Actual results could differ materially from these estimates and judgments. Segments We operate as a single operating segment. Our chief operating decision maker is our Chief Executive Officer ("CEO"), who reviews financial information presented on a consolidated basis, accompanied by disaggregated information about our revenue, for purposes of making operating decisions, assessing financial performance and allocating resources. Net income (loss) is our primary measure of profit or loss, and all costs and expenses categories on our consolidated statements of operations, as well as share-based compensation expense, are significant. Refer to Note 8 for additional information about our share-based compensation expense. Our other segment items include interest income (expense), net, other income (expense), net and provision for (benefit from) income taxes on our consolidated statements of operations. Revenue recognition We generate revenue by delivering ads on our website and mobile application. We recognize revenue only after transferring control of promised goods or services to customers, which occurs when a user clicks on an ad contracted on a cost per click ("CPC") basis, views an ad contracted on a cost per thousand impressions ("CPM") or cost per day ("CPD") basis or views a video ad contracted on a cost per view ("CPV") basis. We recognize revenue over the service period for ads contracted on a CPD basis, which do not contain minimum impression guarantees. We typically bill customers on a CPC, CPM, CPV, or CPD basis, and our payment terms vary by customer type and location. The term between billing and payment due dates is not significant. We recognize revenue only after satisfying our contractual performance obligations. We occasionally offer customers free ad inventory. When contracts with our customers contain multiple performance obligations, we allocate the overall transaction price, which is the amount of consideration to which we expect to be entitled in exchange for promised goods or services, to each of the distinct performance obligations based on their relative standalone selling prices. We generally determine standalone selling prices based on the effective price charged per contracted click, impression or view, and we do not disclose the value of unsatisfied performance obligations because the original expected duration of our contracts is generally less than one year. We record sales commissions in sales and marketing as incurred because we would amortize these over a period of less than one year. Deferred revenue was $23.4 million and $15.3 million as of December 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively. Cost of revenue Cost of revenue consists primarily of expenses associated with the delivery of our service, including the cost of hosting our website and mobile application. Cost of revenue also includes personnel-related expense, including salaries, benefits and share-based compensation for employees on our operations teams, payments associated with partner arrangements, credit card and other transaction processing fees, amortization of acquired intangible assets and allocated facilities and other supporting overhead costs. Share-based compensation Restricted stock units ("RSUs") granted under our 2009 Stock Plan (the "2009 Plan") are subject to both a service condition, which is typically satisfied over four years, and a performance condition, which was deemed satisfied upon the pricing of our initial public offering ("IPO"). We did not record any share-based compensation expense for our RSUs prior to our IPO because the performance condition had not yet been satisfied. Upon pricing our IPO, we recorded cumulative share-based compensation expense using the accelerated attribution method for those RSUs granted under our 2009 Plan for which the service condition had been satisfied at that date. We record the remaining unrecognized share-based compensation expense over the remainder of the requisite service period. RSUs, restricted stock awards ("RSAs"), and stock options granted under our 2019 Omnibus Incentive Plan (the "2019 Plan") are generally subject only to a service condition, which is typically satisfied over two We measure RSUs and RSAs based on the fair market value of our common stock on the grant date and stock options based on their estimated grant date fair values, which we determine using the Black-Scholes option-pricing model. We record the resulting expense in our consolidated statements of operations over the requisite service period, which is generally four years, and we account for forfeitures as they occur. Income taxes We account for income taxes using the asset and liability method. We recognize deferred tax assets and liabilities for temporary differences between the financial reporting and tax bases of assets and liabilities using the enacted statutory tax rates in effect for the years in which we expect the differences to reverse. We establish valuation allowances to reduce the total deferred tax assets to the amount we believe is more likely than not to be realized. In assessing the need for a valuation allowance, we consider all available evidence, both positive and negative, including past operating results and estimates of future taxable income. In the event that we change our determination as to the amount of deferred tax assets that can be realized, we will adjust our valuation allowance with a corresponding impact to the provision for (benefit from) income taxes in the period in which such determination is made. We recognize tax benefits from uncertain tax positions when we believe it is more likely than not that the tax position is sustainable on examination by tax authorities based on its technical merits. We recognize taxes on Global Intangible Low-Taxed Income as incurred. Advertising expenses We record advertising expenses as incurred and include these in sales and marketing in the consolidated statements of operations. Advertising expenses were $161.5 million, $145.6 million and $139.7 million for the years ended December 31, 2024, 2023 and 2022, respectively. Marketable securities We invest in highly liquid corporate debt securities, U.S. treasury securities, asset-backed securities, U.S. government agency securities, municipal securities, non-U.S. government and supranational bonds and certificates of deposit. We classify marketable investments with stated maturities of ninety days or less from the date of purchase as cash equivalents and those with stated maturities greater than ninety days from the date of purchase as marketable securities. We classify our marketable securities as available-for-sale investments in our current assets because they are available for use to support current operations. We carry our marketable investments at fair value and record unrealized gains or losses, net of taxes, in accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) in stockholders’ equity. We determine realized gains and losses on the sale of marketable investments using a specific identification method and record these and any expected credit losses in other income (expense), net. Fair value measurements We account for certain assets and liabilities at fair value, which is the amount we believe market participants would be willing to receive to sell an asset or pay to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction. We categorize these assets and liabilities into the three levels below based on the degree to which the inputs we use to measure their fair values are observable in active markets. We use the most observable inputs available to us when measuring fair value. • Level 1: Observable inputs such as quoted prices for identical assets or liabilities in active markets • Level 2: Observable inputs such as quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities in active markets, quoted prices for identical assets or liabilities in inactive markets, or inputs that are derived principally from or corroborated by observable market data or other means • Level 3: Unobservable inputs that are supported by little or no market activity and are significant to the fair value of the assets or liabilities Accounts receivable, net of allowances We record accounts receivable at the original invoiced amount. We maintain an allowance for credit losses for any receivables we may be unable to collect. We estimate uncollectible receivables based on our receivables’ age, our customers’ credit quality and current economic conditions, among other factors that may affect our customers’ ability to pay. We also maintain an allowance for sales credits, which we determine based on historical credits issued to customers. We include the allowances for credit losses and sales credits in accounts receivable, net in the consolidated balance sheets. Property and equipment We carry property and equipment at cost less accumulated depreciation and calculate depreciation using the straight-line method over our assets’ estimated useful lives, which are generally: Property and Equipment Useful Life Computer and network equipment 3 years Furniture and fixtures 4 years Leasehold improvements Lesser of 10 years or remaining lease term Leases and operating lease incremental borrowing rate We lease office space under operating leases with expiration dates through 2035. We determine whether an arrangement constitutes a lease at inception and record lease liabilities and right-of-use assets on our consolidated balance sheets at lease commencement. We measure lease liabilities based on the present value of the total lease payments not yet paid discounted based on the more readily determinable of the rate implicit in the lease or our incremental borrowing rate, which is the estimated rate we would be required to pay for a collateralized borrowing equal to the total lease payments over the term of the lease. We estimate our incremental borrowing rate based on an analysis of publicly traded debt securities of companies with credit and financial profiles similar to our own. We measure right-of-use assets based on the corresponding lease liability adjusted for (i) payments made to the lessor at or before the commencement date, (ii) initial direct costs we incur and (iii) tenant incentives under the lease. We begin recognizing rent expense when the lessor makes the underlying asset available to us, we do not assume renewals or early terminations unless we are reasonably certain to exercise these options at commencement and we do not allocate consideration between lease and non-lease components. For short-term leases, we record rent expense in our consolidated statements of operations on a straight-line basis over the lease term and record variable lease payments as incurred. B usiness combinations We include the results of operations of businesses that we acquire in our consolidated financial statements beginning on their respective acquisition dates. We allocate the fair value of the purchase consideration to the assets acquired and liabilities assumed based on their estimated fair values. When the fair value of the purchase consideration exceeds the fair values of the identifiable assets and liabilities acquired, we record the excess as goodwill. Our estimates of fair value are based on assumptions we believe to be reasonable but which are inherently uncertain and unpredictable, and as a result, actual results may differ from estimates. During the measurement period, which is one year from the acquisition date, we may record adjustments to the assets and liabilities acquired with the corresponding offset to goodwill. Any adjustments after the measurement period are reflected in our consolidated statements of operations. Long-lived assets, including goodwill and intangible assets We record definite-lived intangible assets at fair value less accumulated amortization. We calculate amortization using the straight-line method over the assets’ estimated useful lives of up to ten years. We review our property and equipment, operating lease right-of-use assets and intangible assets for impairment whenever events or circumstances indicate that an asset’s carrying value may not be recoverable. We measure recoverability by comparing an asset’s carrying value to the future undiscounted cash flows that we expect it to generate. If this test indicates that the asset’s carrying value is not recoverable, we record an impairment charge to reduce the asset’s carrying value to its fair value. We recorded $117.3 million of impairment and abandonment charges for operating lease right-of-use assets and leasehold improvements as part of the restructuring plan for the year ended December 31, 2023. We did not record any other material property and equipment or intangible asset impairments during the periods presented. We review goodwill for impairment at least annually or more frequently if current circumstances or events indicate that the fair value of our single reporting unit may be less than its carrying value. We did not record any goodwill impairment during the periods presented. Website development costs We capitalize costs to develop our website and mobile application when preliminary development efforts are successfully completed, management has authorized and committed project funding, and it is probable that the project will be completed and the software will be used as intended. Due to the iterative process by which we perform upgrades and the relatively short duration of our development projects, development costs meeting our capitalization criteria were not material during the periods presented. Loss contingencies We are involved in various lawsuits, claims and proceedings that arise in the ordinary course of business. We record a liability for these when we believe it is probable that we have incurred a loss and can reasonably estimate the loss. We regularly evaluate current information to determine whether we should adjust a recorded liability or record a new one. Foreign currency The functional currency of our international subsidiaries is generally their local currency. We translate our subsidiaries’ financial statements into U.S. dollars using month-end exchange rates for assets and liabilities and rates that approximate those in effect during the period for revenue and costs and expenses. We record translation gains and losses in accumulated other comprehensive loss in stockholders’ equity. We record foreign exchange transaction gains and losses in other income (expense), net. Our net foreign exchange gains and losses were not material for the periods presented. Concentration of business risk We have an agreement with Amazon Web Services (“AWS”) to provide the cloud computing infrastructure we use to host our website, mobile application and many of the internal tools we use to operate our business. We are currently required to maintain a substantial majority of our monthly usage of certain compute, storage, data transfer and other services on AWS. Any transition of the cloud services currently provided by AWS to another cloud services provider would be difficult to implement and would cause us to incur significant time and expense. Concentration of credit risk Financial instruments that may potentially expose us to concentrations of credit risk primarily consist of cash, cash equivalents, marketable securities and restricted cash. Our investment policy is meant to preserve capital and maintain liquidity. The policy limits our marketable investments to investment-grade securities and limits our credit exposure by limiting our concentration in any one corporate issuer or sector and by establishing a minimum credit rating for marketable investments we purchase. Although we deposit cash and marketable investments with multiple financial institutions, our deposits may exceed insurable limits. No customer accounted for more than 10% of our revenue for the years ended December 31, 2024, 2023 and 2022. Our accounts receivable are generally unsecured. We monitor our customers’ credit quality on an ongoing basis and maintain reserves for estimated credit losses. Bad debt expense was not material for the years ended December 31, 2024, 2023 and 2022. Recently Adopted Accounting Pronouncements In November 2023, the Financial Accounting Standards Board ("FASB") issued ASU 2023-07, Segment Reporting (Topic 280): Improvements to Reportable Segment Disclosures, which requires disclosure of incremental segment information on an annual and interim basis. We adopted ASU 2023-07 retrospectively as of January 1, 2024. Refer to our significant accounting policies above for the impact of adoption. Recent Accounting Pronouncements Not Yet Adopted In December 2023, the FASB issued ASU 2023-09, Income Taxes (Topic 740): Improvements to Income Tax Disclosures , which requires disaggregation of rate reconciliation categories and income taxes paid by jurisdiction. ASU 2023-09 will be effective for us beginning January 1, 2025. The amendments may be applied prospectively or retrospectively, and early adoption is permitted. We do not expect adoption to materially affect our consolidated financial statements. In November 2024, the FASB issued ASU 2024-03, Income Statement - Reporting Comprehensive Income - Expense Disaggregation Disclosures (subtopic 220-40) , which requires disclosure of disaggregation of certain relevant expenses included in the statements of operations on an annual and interim basis. ASU 2024-03 will be effective for our annual periods beginning January 1, 2027 and interim periods beginning January 1, 2028. The amendments must be applied retrospectively, and early adoption is permitted. We are currently evaluating the effects of adoption on our consolidated financial statements.

Cash, cash equivalents and mark

Cash, cash equivalents and marketable securities	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2024
Cash and Cash Equivalents [Abstract]
Cash, cash equivalents and marketable securities	Cash, cash equivalents and marketable securities Cash, cash equivalents and marketable securities consist of the following (in thousands): December 31, 2024 Amortized Cost Unrealized Gains Unrealized Losses Fair Value Cash and cash equivalents: Cash $ 111,718 $ — $ — $ 111,718 Money market funds 861,824 — — 861,824 Commercial paper 150,464 1 (9) 150,456 Corporate bonds 8,307 — (3) 8,304 Certificates of deposit 4,158 — — 4,158 Total cash and cash equivalents 1,136,471 1 (12) 1,136,460 Marketable securities: Corporate bonds 515,301 1,385 (474) 516,212 U.S. treasury securities 425,677 439 (763) 425,353 Commercial paper 260,205 191 (11) 260,385 Certificates of deposit 171,892 151 (22) 172,021 Non-U.S. government and supranational bonds 2,437 1 — 2,438 Total marketable securities 1,375,512 2,167 (1,270) 1,376,409 Total $ 2,511,983 $ 2,168 $ (1,282) $ 2,512,869 December 31, 2023 Amortized Cost Unrealized Gains Unrealized Losses Fair Value Cash and cash equivalents: Cash $ 220,583 $ — $ — $ 220,583 Money market funds 1,032,675 — — 1,032,675 Commercial paper 106,312 — (44) 106,268 Certificates of deposit 1,551 — — 1,551 Corporate bonds 859 — — 859 Total cash and cash equivalents 1,361,980 — (44) 1,361,936 Marketable securities: Corporate bonds 428,002 1,277 (1,322) 427,957 U.S. treasury securities 336,721 251 (616) 336,356 Commercial paper 200,963 212 (30) 201,145 Certificates of deposit 132,314 152 (9) 132,457 U.S. agency bonds 42,324 3 (77) 42,250 Non-U.S. government and supranational bonds 9,101 1 (119) 8,983 Total marketable securities 1,149,425 1,896 (2,173) 1,149,148 Total $ 2,511,405 $ 1,896 $ (2,217) $ 2,511,084 Our allowance for credit losses for our marketable securities was not material as of December 31, 2024 and 2023. The fair value of our marketable securities by contractual maturity is as follows (in thousands): December 31, 2024 Due in one year or less $ 1,040,147 Due after one to five years 336,262 Total $ 1,376,409 Net realized gains and losses from sales of available-for-sale securities were not material for any period presented.

Fair value of financial instrum

Fair value of financial instruments	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2024
Fair Value Disclosures [Abstract]
Fair value of financial instruments	Fair value of financial instruments The fair values of the financial instruments we measure at fair value on a recurring basis are as follows (in thousands): December 31, 2024 Level 1 Level 2 Level 3 Total Cash equivalents: Money market funds $ 861,824 $ — $ — $ 861,824 Commercial paper — 150,456 — 150,456 Corporate bonds — 8,304 — 8,304 Certificates of deposit — 4,158 — 4,158 Marketable securities: Corporate bonds — 516,212 — 516,212 U.S. treasury securities 425,353 — — 425,353 Commercial paper — 260,385 — 260,385 Certificates of deposit — 172,021 — 172,021 Non-U.S. government and supranational bonds — 2,438 — 2,438 Other assets: Certificates of deposit $ — $ 4,761 $ — $ 4,761 December 31, 2023 Level 1 Level 2 Level 3 Total Cash equivalents: Money market funds $ 1,032,675 $ — $ — $ 1,032,675 Commercial paper — 106,268 — 106,268 Certificates of deposit — 1,551 — 1,551 Corporate bonds — 859 — 859 Marketable securities: Corporate bonds — 427,957 — 427,957 U.S. treasury securities 336,356 — — 336,356 Commercial paper — 201,145 — 201,145 Certificates of deposit — 132,457 — 132,457 U.S. agency bonds — 42,250 — 42,250 Non-U.S. government and supranational bonds — 8,983 — 8,983 Prepaid expenses and other current assets: Certificates of deposit — 2,542 — 2,542 Other assets: Certificates of deposit $ — $ 4,054 $ — $ 4,054

Other balance sheet components

Other balance sheet components	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2024
Other Balance Sheet Components [Abstract]
Other balance sheet components	Other balance sheet components Property and equipment, net Property and equipment, net consists of the following (in thousands): December 31, 2024 2023 Leasehold improvements $ 78,136 $ 64,326 Furniture and fixtures 22,630 21,077 Computer and network equipment 31,407 26,603 Total property and equipment 132,173 112,006 Less: accumulated depreciation (89,746) (90,116) Construction in progress 3,197 10,335 Property and equipment, net $ 45,624 $ 32,225 Depreciation expense was $13.9 million, $14.1 million and $21.6 million for the years ended December 31, 2024, 2023 and 2022, respectively. Accrued expenses and other current liabilities Accrued expenses and other current liabilities consists of the following (in thousands): December 31, 2024 2023 Accrued hosting expenses $ 56,946 $ 53,262 Accrued compensation 52,717 48,924 Accrued legal expenses 47,599 12,081 Operating lease liabilities 34,425 35,666 Deferred revenue 23,387 15,283 Other accrued expenses 99,033 72,816 Accrued expenses and other current liabilities $ 314,107 $ 238,032

Goodwill and intangible assets,

Goodwill and intangible assets, net	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2024
Goodwill and Intangible Assets Disclosure [Abstract]
Goodwill and intangible assets, net	Goodwill and intangible assets, net Goodwill was unchanged for the years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023. Intangible assets, net consists of the following (in thousands): December 31, 2024 Gross Carrying Amount Accumulated Amortization Net Carrying Amount Weighted-Average Useful Life (1) Acquired technology, patents and other intangibles $ 39,907 $ (31,065) $ 8,842 4.9 years Customer relationships 17,700 (16,666) 1,034 1.6 years Total intangible assets, net $ 57,607 $ (47,731) $ 9,876 December 31, 2023 Gross Carrying Amount Accumulated Amortization Net Carrying Amount Weighted-Average Useful Life (1) Acquired technology, patents and other intangibles $ 39,907 $ (24,246) $ 15,661 4.9 years Customer relationships 17,700 (16,126) 1,574 1.6 years Total intangible assets, net $ 57,607 $ (40,372) $ 17,235 (1) Based on the weighted-average useful life established as of acquisition date. Amortization expense was $7.4 million , $7.4 million, and $24.9 million for the years ended December 31, 2024, 2023 and 2022, respectively. Estimated future amortization expense as of December 31, 2024, is as follows (in thousands): Intangible Asset Amortization 2025 $ 5,464 2026 3,424 2027 476 2028 434 2029 78 Thereafter — Total $ 9,876

Commitments and contingencies

Commitments and contingencies	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2024
Commitments and Contingencies Disclosure [Abstract]
Commitments and contingencies	Commitments and contingencies As of December 31, 2024, our non-cancelable contractual commitments are as follows (in thousands): Purchase Commitments Operating Leases Total Commitments 2025 $ — $ 41,288 $ 41,288 2026 — 38,328 38,328 2027 — 30,219 30,219 2028 — 24,059 24,059 2029 — 21,676 21,676 Thereafter 1,110,191 70,195 1,180,386 Total $ 1,110,191 $ 225,765 $ 1,335,956 Purchase commitments In April 2021, we entered into a new private pricing addendum with AWS, which governs our use of cloud computing infrastructure provided by AWS. Under the new pricing addendum, we are required to purchase at least $3,250.0 million of cloud services from AWS through April 2029. If we fail to do so, we are required to pay the difference between the amount we spend and the required commitment amount. As of December 31, 2024, our remaining contractual commitment is $1,110.2 million. We expect to meet our remaining commitment. Legal matters We are involved in various lawsuits, claims and proceedings that arise in the ordinary course of business. While the results of legal matters are inherently uncertain, we do not believe there is a reasonable possibility that the ultimate resolution of these matters, either individually or in aggregate, will have a material adverse effect on our business, financial position, results of operations or cash flows. Revolving credit facility In October 2022, we replaced the $500.0 million revolving credit facility entered into in November 2018 with an amended and restated five-year $400.0 million revolving credit facility (the “2022 revolving credit facility”) that contained an accordion option which, if exercised, would allow us to increase the aggregate commitments by up to $405.0 million provided we are able to secure additional lender commitments and satisfy certain other conditions. In October 2023, we amended the 2022 revolving credit facility to increase our aggregate commitment to $500.0 million and reduce our accordion option from $405.0 million to $305.0 million. Interest on any borrowings under the 2022 revolving credit facility accrues at either an adjusted term SOFR plus 0.10% and a margin of 1.50% or at an alternative base rate plus a margin of 0.50%, at our election, and we are required to pay an annual commitment fee that accrues at 0.15% per annum on the unused portion of the aggregate commitments under the 2022 revolving credit facility. The 2022 revolving credit facility also allows us to issue letters of credit, which reduce the amount we can borrow. We are required to pay a fee that accrues at 0.125% per annum on the average aggregate daily maximum amount available to be drawn under any outstanding letters of credit. The 2022 revolving credit facility contains customary conditions to borrowing, events of default and covenants, including covenants that restrict our ability to incur indebtedness, grant liens, make distributions to holders of our stock or the stock of our subsidiaries, make investments or engage in transactions with our affiliates. The 2022 revolving credit facility also contains a financial maintenance covenant: a maximum net leverage ratio of consolidated debt to consolidated EBITDA no greater than 3.50 to 1.00, subject to an increase up to 4.00 to 1.00 for a certain period following an acquisition. The obligations under the 2022 revolving credit facility are secured by liens on substantially all of our domestic assets, including certain domestic intellectual property assets. Our total borrowing capacity under the revolving credit facility is $500.0 million as of December 31, 2024. We have not issued any letters of credit and are in compliance with all covenants under the 2022 revolving credit facility as of December 31, 2024.

Leases

Leases	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2024
Leases [Abstract]
Leases	Leases We have entered into various non-cancelable office space operating leases with original lease periods expiring between 2025 and 2035. These do not contain material variable rent payments, residual value guarantees, covenants or other restrictions. Operating lease costs for the years ended December 31, 2024, 2023 and 2022, are as follows (in thousands): Year Ended December 31, 2024 2023 2022 Lease cost: Operating lease cost $ 41,031 $ 51,044 $ 66,022 Short-term lease cost 1,532 759 2,809 Total $ 42,563 $ 51,803 $ 68,831 In April 2024, we entered into a sublease agreement with a term of May 2024 through December 2032. Sublease income for the year ended December 31, 2024 was not material. The weighted-average remaining term of our operating leases was 6.6 years and 7.2 years, and the weighted-average discount rate used to measure the present value of our operating lease liabilities was 5.4% and 5.1% as of December 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively. Maturities of our operating lease liabilities, which do not include short-term leases, as of December 31, 2024, are as follows (in thousands): Operating Leases 2025 $ 41,288 2026 38,328 2027 30,219 2028 24,059 2029 21,676 Thereafter 70,195 Total lease payments 225,765 Less imputed interest (39,976) Total operating lease liabilities $ 185,789 Cash payments included in the measurement of our operating lease liabilities were $50.4 million, $61.8 million and $64.0 million for the years ended December 31, 2024, 2023 and 2022, respectively. As of December 31, 2024, we have not entered into any material leases that have not yet commenced.

Stockholder's Equity

Stockholder's Equity	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2024
Share-Based Payment Arrangement [Abstract]
Stockholder's Equity	Stockholder's Equity Equity incentive plan In June 2009, our board of directors adopted and approved our 2009 Plan, which provides for the issuance of stock options, RSAs and RSUs to qualified employees, directors and consultants. Stock options granted under our 2009 Plan have a maximum life of 10 years and an exercise price not less than 100% of the fair market value of our common stock on the date of grant. RSUs granted under our 2009 Plan have a maximum life of seven years. No shares of our common stock were reserved for future issuance under our 2009 Plan as of December 31, 2024. Our 2019 Plan became effective upon closing of our IPO and succeeds our 2009 Plan. Our 2019 Plan provides for the issuance of stock options, RSAs, RSUs and other equity- or cash-based awards to qualified employees, directors and consultants. Stock options granted under our 2019 Plan have a maximum life of 10 years and an exercise price not less than 100% of the fair market value of our common stock on the date of grant. 171,858,312 shares of our Class A common stock were reserved for future issuance under our 2019 Plan as of December 31, 2024. The number of shares of our Class A common stock available for issuance under the 2019 Plan will be increased by the number of shares of our Class B common stock subject to awards outstanding under our 2009 Plan that would, but for the terms of the 2019 Plan, have returned to the share reserves of the 2009 Plan pursuant to the terms of such awards, including as the result of forfeiture, repurchase, expiration or retention by us in order to satisfy an award’s exercise price or tax withholding obligations. In addition, the number of shares of our Class A common stock reserved for issuance under our 2019 Plan will automatically increase on the first day of each fiscal year through and including January 1, 2029, in an amount equal to 5% of the total number of shares of our Class A common stock and our Class B common stock outstanding on the last day of the calendar month before the date of each automatic increase, or a lesser number of shares determined by our board of directors. Stock option activity Stock option activity during the year ended December 31, 2024, was as follows (in thousands, except per share amounts): Stock Options Outstanding Shares Weighted-Average Exercise Price Weighted-Average Remaining Contractual Term Aggregate Intrinsic Value (1) (in years) Outstanding as of December 31, 2023 13,043 $ 15.41 6.1 $ 282,197 Exercised (2,643) 8.35 Forfeited (10) 2.96 Outstanding as of December 31, 2024 10,390 $ 17.21 6.2 $ 122,472 Exercisable as of December 31, 2024 6,648 $ 15.67 5.4 $ 88,644 (1) We calculate intrinsic value based on the difference between the exercise price of in-the-money-stock options and the fair value of our common stock as of the respective balance sheet date. The total grant-date fair value of stock options vested during the years ended December 31, 2024, 2023 and 2022 was $25.2 million, $28.4 million and $9.5 million, respectively. The aggregate intrinsic value of stock options exercised during the years ended December 31, 2024, 2023 and 2022 was $74.4 million, $70.2 million and $180.2 million, respectively. Restricted stock unit and restricted stock award activity RSU and RSA activity during the year ended December 31, 2024, was as follows (in thousands, except per share amounts): Restricted Stock Units and Restricted Stock Awards Outstanding Shares Weighted Average Grant Date Fair Value Outstanding as of December 31, 2023 45,099 $ 25.83 Granted 23,636 34.67 Released (26,149) 28.54 Forfeited (5,369) 27.28 Outstanding as of December 31, 2024 37,217 $ 29.33 Share-based compensation Share-based compensation expense during the years ended December 31, 2024, 2023 and 2022, was as follows (in thousands): Year Ended December 31, 2024 2023 2022 Cost of revenue $ 14,836 $ 11,117 $ 7,629 Research and development 497,442 422,964 324,161 Sales and marketing 122,149 96,798 99,467 General and administrative 131,368 116,981 65,866 Total share-based compensation $ 765,795 $ 647,860 $ 497,123 We recognized income tax benefits on share-based compensation expense of $158.7 million for the year ended December 31, 2024, which are reflected in the provision for (benefit from) income taxes on our consolidated statements of operations. No income tax benefits were recognized for the years ended December 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022 due to the valuation allowance on our deferred tax assets. As of December 31, 2024, we had $1,038.3 million of unrecognized share-based compensation expense, which we expect to recognize over a weighted-average period of 1.8 years. Fair value of stock options No stock options were granted during the years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023. The weighted-average grant-date fair value of stock options granted during the year ended December 31, 2022 was $11.79, which we estimated using the Black ‑ Scholes option-pricing model with the following assumptions: Year Ended December 31, 2022 Expected term (in years) 6.1 Risk-free interest rate 3.2 % Expected volatility 61.1 % Dividend yield — % The key inputs we used in the Black-Scholes model are: • Expected term – The expected term represents the period we expect our share-based awards to be outstanding, which is also the period we used to measure risk-free interest rates and expected volatility. We estimated the expected term using the simplified method as we do not have sufficient historical stock option exercise data. • Risk-free interest rate – We estimated the risk-free interest rate based on zero-coupon U.S. Treasury notes. • Expected volatility – We estimated expected volatility based on a combination of our historical volatility and that of comparable publicly-traded companies. • Dividend yield – We applied a dividend yield of zero because we have never paid or declared dividends, and we have no plan to do so in the foreseeable future. Stock Repurchase On February 2, 2023, our board of directors authorized a stock repurchase program of up to $500.0 million our Class A common stock, which we completed in the second quarter of 2023. Under the program, we repurchased and retired 21,215,663 shares of our Class A common stock for an aggregate purchase price of $500.0 million at an average price per share of $23.57. On September 16, 2023, our board of directors authorized a stock repurchase program of up to $1.0 billion of our Class A common stock (the "September 2023 program"). During the year ended December 31, 2024, we repurchased and retired 15,894,701 shares of our Class A common stock for an aggregate purchase price of $500.0 million at an average price per share of $31.46 under the September 2023 program. In November 2024, our board of directors authorized a new stock repurchase program of up to$2.0 billion of our Class A common stock (the "November 2024 program") and canceled the September 2023 program under which $500.0 million had remained available for repurchase. Under the November 2024 program, we are authorized to repurchase, from time-to-time, shares of our Class A common stock through open market purchases, in privately negotiated transactions or in such other manner as permitted by securities law and as determined by management at such time and in such amounts as management may decide. The November 2024 program does not obligate us to repurchase any specific number of shares and may be modified, suspended or discontinued at any time. The timing, manner, price and amount of any repurchases are determined by management in its discretion and depend on a variety of factors, including legal requirements, price and economic and market conditions. During the year ended December 31, 2024, we repurchased and retired 19,125,363 shares of our Class A common stock for an aggregate purchase price of $600.2 million at an average price per share of $31.38 under the September 2023 and November 2024 programs. As of December 31, 2024, $1,899.8 million remained available for repurchases under the November 2024 program.

Net income (loss) per share

Net income (loss) per share	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2024
Earnings Per Share [Abstract]
Net income (loss) per share	Net income (loss) per share We present net income (loss) per share using the two-class method required for multiple classes of common stock. Holders of our Class A and Class B common stock have identical rights except with respect to voting, conversion and transfer rights and therefore share equally in our net income or losses. We calculate basic net income (loss) per share by dividing net income (loss) by the weighted-average number of shares of common stock outstanding during the period. Diluted net income (loss) per share gives effect to all potential shares of common stock, including stock options, RSAs and RSUs to the extent these are dilutive. The calculation of diluted net income (loss) of Class A common stock assumes the conversion of our Class B common stock to Class A common stock, while the diluted net income (loss) of Class B common stock does not assume the conversion of those shares to Class A common stock. We calculated basic and diluted net income (loss) per share as follows (in thousands, except per share amounts): Year Ended December 31, 2024 2023 2022 Class A Class B Class A Class B Class A Class B Basic net income (loss) per share: Numerator: Net income (loss) $ 1,633,901 $ 228,205 $ (30,937) $ (4,673) $ (83,110) $ (12,937) Denominator: Weighted-average shares used in computing net income (loss) per share, basic 595,639 83,192 586,109 88,532 576,061 89,671 Basic net income (loss) per share $ 2.74 $ 2.74 $ (0.05) $ (0.05) $ (0.14) $ (0.14) Diluted net income (loss) per share: Numerator: Net income (loss) $ 1,633,901 $ 228,205 $ (30,937) $ (4,673) $ (83,110) $ (12,937) Reallocation of net income as a result of conversion of Class B to Class A common stock 228,205 — — — — — Reallocation of net income to Class B common stock — (6,387) — — — — Diluted net income (loss) $ 1,862,106 $ 221,818 $ (30,937) $ (4,673) $ (83,110) $ (12,937) Denominator: Weighted-average shares used in computing net income (loss) per share, basic 595,639 83,192 586,109 88,532 576,061 89,671 Conversion of Class B to Class A common stock 83,192 — — — — — Weighted average effect of dilutive potential common stock 19,545 — — — — — Weighted-average shares used in computing net income (loss) per share, diluted 698,376 83,192 586,109 88,532 576,061 89,671 Diluted net income (loss) per share $ 2.67 $ 2.67 $ (0.05) $ (0.05) $ (0.14) $ (0.14) Basic net income (loss) per share is the same as diluted net income (loss) per share for the periods we reported net losses. We excluded the following weighted-average potential shares of common stock from our calculation of diluted net income (loss) per share because these would be anti-dilutive (in thousands): Year Ended December 31, 2024 2023 2022 Outstanding stock options — 14,463 17,405 Unvested restricted stock units and restricted stock awards 7,980 53,228 52,256 Total 7,980 67,691 69,661

Income taxes

Income taxes	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2024
Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract]
Income taxes	Income taxes The components of income (loss) before provision for (benefit from) income taxes are as follows (in thousands): Year Ended December 31, 2024 2023 2022 United States $ 317,169 $ 20,713 $ 29,108 Foreign (29,564) (37,153) (115,052) Income (loss) before provision for (benefit from) income taxes $ 287,605 $ (16,440) $ (85,944) Provision for (benefit from) income taxes consists of the following (in thousands): Year Ended December 31, 2024 2023 2022 Current: Federal $ 7,671 $ 7,833 $ 1,681 State 10,533 6,698 7,385 Foreign 7,729 6,477 4,381 Total current tax expense 25,933 21,008 13,447 Deferred: Federal (1,434,298) 6 (1,861) State (162,684) 3 (356) Foreign (3,452) (1,847) (1,127) Total deferred tax expense (benefit) (1,600,434) (1,838) (3,344) Provision for (benefit from) income taxes $ (1,574,501) $ 19,170 $ 10,103 The difference between income taxes computed at the statutory federal income tax rate and the provision for (benefit from) income taxes is attributable to the following (in thousands): Year Ended December 31, 2024 2023 2022 Tax at U.S. statutory rate $ 60,397 $ (3,453) $ (18,048) State income taxes, net of benefit (120,204) 5,111 5,502 Foreign operations 12,007 17,721 29,855 Permanent book/tax differences 1,171 692 3,671 Share-based compensation (23,019) (18,925) (20,663) Change in valuation allowance (1,421,323) 111,497 62,048 Tax credits (83,587) (93,887) (52,319) Other 57 414 57 Provision for (benefit from) income taxes $ (1,574,501) $ 19,170 $ 10,103 The primary difference between our benefit from income taxes and the expected tax at the US federal statutory rate is the release of our valuation allowance on our U.S. federal and state, excluding California, deferred tax assets for the year ended December 31, 2024. The primary difference between our provision for income taxes and the expected tax at the US federal statutory rate is the full valuation allowance we have established on our federal, state and foreign net operating losses and credits and for the years ended December 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022. All periods presented include the effects of the capitalization and amortization of research and development expenses as required by the 2017 Tax Cuts and Jobs Act. Significant components of our deferred tax assets and liabilities are as follows (in thousands): December 31, 2024 2023 Deferred tax assets: Net operating loss carryforwards $ 524,598 $ 751,273 Research tax credits 677,104 570,061 Reserves, accruals, and other 33,312 26,855 Lease obligation 41,493 44,676 Share-based compensation 33,793 30,146 Research capitalization and amortization 623,368 411,113 Total deferred tax assets 1,933,668 1,834,124 Less: valuation allowance (322,070) (1,821,027) Deferred tax assets, net of valuation allowance 1,611,598 13,097 Deferred tax liabilities: Depreciation and amortization (6,394) (7,467) Prepaid expenses (2,665) (2,682) Total deferred tax liabilities (9,059) (10,149) Deferred tax assets (liabilities) $ 1,602,539 $ 2,948 We regularly assess the need for a valuation allowance on our deferred tax assets. Based on our analysis of both positive and negative evidence, we concluded that it is more likely than not that our U.S. federal and state, excluding California, deferred tax assets will be realizable due to our demonstrated sustained profitability and continued forecasted income. We continue to maintain a valuation allowance on our California deferred tax assets due to uncertainty regarding realizability of these deferred tax assets. As a result of the valuation allowance release, we recognized a deferred tax benefit of $1,597.0 million for U.S. federal and state, excluding California, deferred tax assets for December 31, 2024. The decrease of $1,499.0 million in valuation allowance compared to December 31, 2023 was also primarily driven by the release. Due to our history of losses, we believe it is more likely than not that our Irish deferred tax assets will not be realized as of December 31, 2024. Accordingly, we continue to maintain a valuation allowance on our Irish deferred tax assets. As of December 31, 2024, we had federal, California and other state net operating loss carryforwards of $1,909.5 million, $554.3 million and $1,549.9 million, respectively. Our federal carryforwards do not expire. If not utilized, our California and other state carryforwards will begin to expire in 2028 and 2025, respectively. Utilization of our net operating loss carryforwards may be subject to annual limitations due to the ownership change limitations provided by Section 382 of the Internal Revenue Code and similar state provisions. Our net operating loss carryforwards could expire before utilization if subject to annual limitations. As of December 31, 2024, we had $202.0 million and $7.3 million of Irish and Other Foreign net operating loss carryforwards, respectively, that can be carried forward indefinitely. As of December 31, 2024, we had federal, California, and foreign research and development credit carryforwards of $603.8 million, $428.9 million and $1.8 million , respectively. If not utilized, our federal and foreign carryforwards will begin to expire in 2039 and 2043, respectively. Our California carryforwards do not expire. Changes in gross unrecognized tax benefits were as follows (in thousands): Gross Unrecognized Tax Benefits Balance as of December 31, 2022 $ 239,938 Increases for tax positions of prior years 3,736 Decreases for tax positions of prior years (119) Increases for tax positions of current year 44,377 Audit settlement (37,027) Balance as of December 31, 2023 $ 250,905 Increases for tax positions of prior years 6,545 Decreases for tax positions of prior years (196) Increases for tax positions of current year 56,819 Audit settlement — Balance as of December 31, 2024 $ 314,073 Recognizing the $314.1 million of gross unrecognized tax benefits we had as of December 31, 2024 would affect our effective tax rate by $178.3 million. The remaining $135.8 million of gross unrecognized tax benefits would be offset by the reversal of related deferred tax assets, which primarily are subject to a full valuation allowance. We do not expect our gross unrecognized tax benefits to change significantly within the next 12 months. We recognize interest and penalties related to uncertain tax positions in provision for income taxes. Accrued interest and penalties are not material as of December 31, 2024 and 2023. We are subject to taxation in the U.S. and various other state and foreign jurisdictions. As we have net operating loss carryforwards for U.S. federal and state jurisdictions, the statute of limitations is ope

Geographical information

Geographical information	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2024
Segment Reporting [Abstract]
Geographical information	Geographical information Revenue disaggregated by geography based on our customers’ billing addresses is as follows (in thousands): Year Ended December 31, 2024 2023 2022 U.S. and Canada (1) $ 2,739,887 $ 2,350,188 $ 2,264,640 Europe (2) 601,187 501,290 410,516 Rest of World 305,092 203,593 127,418 Total revenue $ 3,646,166 $ 3,055,071 $ 2,802,574 (1) United States revenue w as $2,612.1 million, $2,226.3 million and $2,144.3 million for the years ended December 31, 2024, 2023 and 2022, respectively. No individual country other than the United States exceeded 10% of our total revenue for any period presented. (2) Europe includes Russia and Turkey. Property and equipment, net and operating lease right-of-use assets by geography is as follows (in thousands): December 31, 2024 2023 United States $ 74,623 $ 66,335 Ireland 24,201 18,658 Mexico 7,800 12,835 International (1) 24,867 26,516 Total property and equipment, net and operating lease right-of-use assets $ 131,491 $ 124,344 (1) Other than the United States, Ireland and Mexico, no other country exceeded 10% of our total property and equipment, net and operating lease right-of-use assets for any period presented.

Pay vs Performance Disclosure

Pay vs Performance Disclosure - USD ($) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022
Pay vs Performance Disclosure
Net income (loss)	$ 1,862,106	$ (35,610)	$ (96,047)

Insider Trading Arrangements

Insider Trading Arrangements	3 Months Ended	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2024 shares	Dec. 31, 2024 shares
Trading Arrangements, by Individual
Non-Rule 10b5-1 Arrangement Adopted	false
Rule 10b5-1 Arrangement Terminated	false
Non-Rule 10b5-1 Arrangement Terminated	false
Andrea Acosta [Member]
Trading Arrangements, by Individual
Material Terms of Trading Arrangement		On November 20, 2024, Andrea Acosta, our Chief Accounting Officer, adopted a trading plan intended to satisfy Rule 10b5-1(c) under the Exchange Act (“Rule 10b5-1(c)”) to sell, between February 24, 2025 and February 19, 2026, (a) up to 5,128 shares of our Class A common stock and (b) up to the net shares of our Class A common stock to be issued to Ms. Acosta after the satisfaction of applicable taxes following the vesting and settlement of 64,702 RSUs.
Name	Andrea Acosta
Title	Chief Accounting Officer
Rule 10b5-1 Arrangement Adopted	true
Adoption Date	November 20, 2024
Expiration Date	February 19, 2026
Arrangement Duration	360 days
Julia Brau Donnelly [Member]
Trading Arrangements, by Individual
Material Terms of Trading Arrangement		(2) On December 4, 2024, Julia Brau Donnelly , our Chief Financial Officer , adopted a trading plan intended to satisfy Rule 10b5-1(c) to sell, between March 7, 2025 and March 2, 2026, up to the net shares of our Class A common stock to be issued to Ms. Donnelly after the satisfaction of applicable taxes following the vesting and settlement of 317,154 RSUs.
Name	Julia Brau Donnelly
Title	Chief Financial Officer
Rule 10b5-1 Arrangement Adopted	true
Adoption Date	(2)On December 4, 2024
Expiration Date	March 2, 2026
Arrangement Duration	360 days
Aggregate Available	317,154	317,154
Matthew Madrigal [Member]
Trading Arrangements, by Individual
Material Terms of Trading Arrangement		On December 12, 2024, Matthew Madrigal, our Chief Technology Officer, adopted a trading plan intended to satisfy Rule 10b5-1(c) to sell, between March 17, 2025 and September 12, 2025, (a) up to 40,000 shares of our Class A common stock and (b) up to the net shares of our Class A common stock to be issued to Mr. Madrigal after the satisfaction of applicable taxes following the vesting and settlement of 108,330 RSUs.
Name	Matthew Madrigal
Title	Chief Technology Office
Rule 10b5-1 Arrangement Adopted	true
Adoption Date	December 12, 2024
Expiration Date	September 12, 2025
Arrangement Duration	179 days
Benjamin Silbermann [Member]
Trading Arrangements, by Individual
Material Terms of Trading Arrangement		On December 13, 2024, Benjamin Silbermann, our Co-Founder and Non-Executive Chair of the Board of Directors, adopted a trading plan intended to satisfy Rule 10b5-1(c) to sell, between March 19, 2025 and April 9, 2026, up to 4,000,000 shares of our Class A common stock.
Name	Benjamin Silbermann
Title	Co-Founder and Non-Executive Chair of the Board of Directors
Rule 10b5-1 Arrangement Adopted	true
Adoption Date	On December 13, 2024
Expiration Date	April 9, 2026
Arrangement Duration	386 days
Aggregate Available	4,000,000	4,000,000
SFTC LLC [Member]
Trading Arrangements, by Individual
Material Terms of Trading Arrangement		On December 13, 2024, SFTC LLC adopted a trading plan intended to satisfy Rule 10b5-1(c) to sell, between March 19, 2025 and April 9, 2026, up to 900,000
Name	SFTC LLC
Rule 10b5-1 Arrangement Adopted	true
Adoption Date	December 13, 2024
Expiration Date	April 9, 2026
Arrangement Duration	386 days
Aggregate Available	900,000	900,000
Andrea Acosta Trading Arrangement, Class A Common Stock [Member] | Andrea Acosta [Member]
Trading Arrangements, by Individual
Aggregate Available	5,128	5,128
Andrea Acosta Trading Arrangement, RSUs [Member] | Andrea Acosta [Member]
Trading Arrangements, by Individual
Aggregate Available	64,702	64,702
Matthew Madrigal Trading Arrangement, Class A Common Stock [Member] | Matthew Madrigal [Member]
Trading Arrangements, by Individual
Aggregate Available	40,000	40,000
Matthew Madrigal Trading Arrangement, RSUs [Member] | Matthew Madrigal [Member]
Trading Arrangements, by Individual
Aggregate Available	108,330	108,330

Insider Trading Policies and Pr

Insider Trading Policies and Procedures	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2024
Insider Trading Policies and Procedures [Line Items]
Insider Trading Policies and Procedures Adopted	true

Cybersecurity Risk Management a

Cybersecurity Risk Management and Strategy Disclosure	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2024
Cybersecurity Risk Management, Strategy, and Governance [Line Items]
Cybersecurity Risk Management Processes for Assessing, Identifying, and Managing Threats [Text Block]	In the ordinary course of our business, we receive, process, use, store, and share digitally large amounts of data, including user data as well as confidential, sensitive, proprietary, and personal information. Maintaining the integrity and availability of our information technology systems and this information, as well as appropriate limitations on access and confidentiality of such information, is important to our operations and business strategy. To this end, we have implemented a program designed to assess, identify and manage risks from potential unauthorized occurrences on or through our information technology systems that may result in adverse effects on the confidentiality, integrity, and availability of these systems and the data residing in them. Our cybersecurity program is informed in part by industry standards and best practice, such as the National Institute of Standards and Technology (“NIST”) Cybersecurity Framework. The program is managed and monitored by a dedicated security team, which is led by our Chief Security Officer and includes mechanisms, controls, technologies, systems, policies and other processes designed to prevent or mitigate data loss, theft, misuse or other security incidents or vulnerabilities affecting the systems and data residing in them. For example, we conduct risk-based penetration and vulnerability testing and ongoing risk assessments, including due diligence prior to engagement on and ongoing risk-based periodic audits of our key technology vendors and other contractors and suppliers. We also conduct employee trainings on cyber and information security, among other topics. In addition, we consult with outside advisors and experts to assist with assessing, identifying and managing cybersecurity risks, including to anticipate future threats and trends, and their impact on the Company’s risk environment.
Cybersecurity Risk Management Processes Integrated [Flag]	true
Cybersecurity Risk Management Processes Integrated [Text Block]	we have implemented a program designed to assess, identify and manage risks from potential unauthorized occurrences on or through our information technology systems that may result in adverse effects on the confidentiality, integrity, and availability of these systems and the data residing in them. Our cybersecurity program is informed in part by industry standards and best practice, such as the National Institute of Standards and Technology (“NIST”) Cybersecurity Framework.
Cybersecurity Risk Management Third Party Engaged [Flag]	true
Cybersecurity Risk Third Party Oversight and Identification Processes [Flag]	true
Cybersecurity Risk Materially Affected or Reasonably Likely to Materially Affect Registrant [Flag]	false
Cybersecurity Risk Board of Directors Oversight [Text Block]	The Board of Directors, as a whole and at the committee level, has oversight for the most significant risks facing us and for our processes to identify, prioritize, assess, manage, and mitigate those risks. The Audit and Risk Committee, which is comprised solely of independent directors, has been designated by our Board to oversee cybersecurity risks. The Audit and Risk Committee receives regular updates on cybersecurity and information technology matters and related risk exposures from our Chief Security Officer as well as other members of the senior leadership team. The Board also receives periodic updates from management and the Audit and Risk Committee on cybersecurity risks.
Cybersecurity Risk Board Committee or Subcommittee Responsible for Oversight [Text Block]	The Board of Directors, as a whole and at the committee level, has oversight for the most significant risks facing us and for our processes to identify, prioritize, assess, manage, and mitigate those risks.
Cybersecurity Risk Process for Informing Board Committee or Subcommittee Responsible for Oversight [Text Block]	The Board of Directors, as a whole and at the committee level, has oversight for the most significant risks facing us and for our processes to identify, prioritize, assess, manage, and mitigate those risks. The Audit and Risk Committee, which is comprised solely of independent directors, has been designated by our Board to oversee cybersecurity risks. The Audit and Risk Committee receives regular updates on cybersecurity and information technology matters and related risk exposures from our Chief Security Officer as well as other members of the senior leadership team. The Board also receives periodic updates from management and the Audit and Risk Committee on cybersecurity risks.
Cybersecurity Risk Role of Management [Text Block]	Our Chief Security Officer, who reports directly to the Chief Technology Officer and has over 25 years of experience managing information technology and cybersecurity matters, including more than six years at Pinterest, together with our Privacy and Data Protection Team, are responsible for assessing and managing cybersecurity risks. We consider cybersecurity, along with other significant risks that we face, within our overall enterprise risk management framework. Since the beginning of the last fiscal year, we have not identified any prior cybersecurity incidents that have materially affected us, but we face certain ongoing risks from cybersecurity threats that, if realized, are reasonably likely to materially affect us. Additional information on cybersecurity risks we face is discussed in Part I, Item 1A, “Risk Factors,” under the heading “Risks related to Data, Security and Privacy.”
Cybersecurity Risk Management Positions or Committees Responsible [Flag]	true
Cybersecurity Risk Management Positions or Committees Responsible [Text Block]	The Audit and Risk Committee, which is comprised solely of independent directors, has been designated by our Board to oversee cybersecurity risks. The Audit and Risk Committee receives regular updates on cybersecurity and information technology matters and related risk exposures from our Chief Security Officer as well as other members of the senior leadership team. The Board also receives periodic updates from management and the Audit and Risk Committee on cybersecurity risks.
Cybersecurity Risk Management Expertise of Management Responsible [Text Block]	Our Chief Security Officer, who reports directly to the Chief Technology Officer and has over 25 years of experience managing information technology and cybersecurity matters, including more than six years at Pinterest,
Cybersecurity Risk Process for Informing Management or Committees Responsible [Text Block]	The Audit and Risk Committee receives regular updates on cybersecurity and information technology matters and related risk exposures from our Chief Security Officer as well as other members of the senior leadership team. The Board also receives periodic updates from management and the Audit and Risk Committee on cybersecurity risks.
Cybersecurity Risk Management Positions or Committees Responsible Report to Board [Flag]	true

Description of business and s_2

Description of business and summary of significant accounting policies (Policies)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2024
Accounting Policies [Abstract]
Basis of presentation	Basis of presentation and consolidation
Consolidation	Basis of presentation and consolidation
Reclassifications	Reclassifications We have reclassified certain amounts in prior periods to conform with current presentation.
Use of estimates	Use of estimates Preparing our consolidated financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires us to make estimates and judgments that affect amounts reported in the consolidated financial statements and accompanying notes. We base these estimates and judgments on historical experience and various other assumptions that we consider reasonable. GAAP requires us to make estimates and assumptions in several areas, including the fair values of financial instruments, assets acquired and liabilities assumed through business combinations, share-based awards, and contingencies, the recognition, measurement and valuation of deferred income taxes, as well as the collectability of our accounts receivable, the useful lives of our intangible assets and property and equipment, the incremental borrowing rate we use to determine our operating lease liabilities, and revenue recognition, among others. Actual results could differ materially from these estimates and judgments.
Segments	Segments We operate as a single operating segment. Our chief operating decision maker is our Chief Executive Officer ("CEO"), who reviews financial information presented on a consolidated basis, accompanied by disaggregated information about our revenue, for purposes of making operating decisions, assessing financial performance and allocating resources. Net income (loss) is our primary measure of profit or loss, and all costs and expenses categories on our consolidated statements of operations, as well as share-based compensation expense, are significant. Refer to Note 8 for additional information about our share-based compensation expense. Our other segment items include interest income (expense), net, other income (expense), net and provision for (benefit from) income taxes on our consolidated statements of operations.
Revenue recognition and Cost of revenue	Revenue recognition We generate revenue by delivering ads on our website and mobile application. We recognize revenue only after transferring control of promised goods or services to customers, which occurs when a user clicks on an ad contracted on a cost per click ("CPC") basis, views an ad contracted on a cost per thousand impressions ("CPM") or cost per day ("CPD") basis or views a video ad contracted on a cost per view ("CPV") basis. We recognize revenue over the service period for ads contracted on a CPD basis, which do not contain minimum impression guarantees. We typically bill customers on a CPC, CPM, CPV, or CPD basis, and our payment terms vary by customer type and location. The term between billing and payment due dates is not significant. We recognize revenue only after satisfying our contractual performance obligations. We occasionally offer customers free ad inventory. When contracts with our customers contain multiple performance obligations, we allocate the overall transaction price, which is the amount of consideration to which we expect to be entitled in exchange for promised goods or services, to each of the distinct performance obligations based on their relative standalone selling prices. We generally determine standalone selling prices based on the effective price charged per contracted click, impression or view, and we do not disclose the value of unsatisfied performance obligations because the original expected duration of our contracts is generally less than one year. We record sales commissions in sales and marketing as incurred because we would amortize these over a period of less than one year. Cost of revenue Cost of revenue consists primarily of expenses associated with the delivery of our service, including the cost of hosting our website and mobile application. Cost of revenue also includes personnel-related expense, including salaries, benefits and share-based compensation for employees on our operations teams, payments associated with partner arrangements, credit card and other transaction processing fees, amortization of acquired intangible assets and allocated facilities and other supporting overhead costs.
Share-based compensation	Share-based compensation Restricted stock units ("RSUs") granted under our 2009 Stock Plan (the "2009 Plan") are subject to both a service condition, which is typically satisfied over four years, and a performance condition, which was deemed satisfied upon the pricing of our initial public offering ("IPO"). We did not record any share-based compensation expense for our RSUs prior to our IPO because the performance condition had not yet been satisfied. Upon pricing our IPO, we recorded cumulative share-based compensation expense using the accelerated attribution method for those RSUs granted under our 2009 Plan for which the service condition had been satisfied at that date. We record the remaining unrecognized share-based compensation expense over the remainder of the requisite service period. RSUs, restricted stock awards ("RSAs"), and stock options granted under our 2019 Omnibus Incentive Plan (the "2019 Plan") are generally subject only to a service condition, which is typically satisfied over two We measure RSUs and RSAs based on the fair market value of our common stock on the grant date and stock options based on their estimated grant date fair values, which we determine using the Black-Scholes option-pricing model. We record the resulting expense in our consolidated statements of operations over the requisite service period, which is generally four years, and we account for forfeitures as they occur.
Income taxes	Income taxes We account for income taxes using the asset and liability method. We recognize deferred tax assets and liabilities for temporary differences between the financial reporting and tax bases of assets and liabilities using the enacted statutory tax rates in effect for the years in which we expect the differences to reverse. We establish valuation allowances to reduce the total deferred tax assets to the amount we believe is more likely than not to be realized. In assessing the need for a valuation allowance, we consider all available evidence, both positive and negative, including past operating results and estimates of future taxable income. In the event that we change our determination as to the amount of deferred tax assets that can be realized, we will adjust our valuation allowance with a corresponding impact to the provision for (benefit from) income taxes in the period in which such determination is made. We recognize tax benefits from uncertain tax positions when we believe it is more likely than not that the tax position is sustainable on examination by tax authorities based on its technical merits. We recognize taxes on Global Intangible Low-Taxed Income as incurred.
Advertising expenses	Advertising expenses
Marketable securities	Marketable securities We invest in highly liquid corporate debt securities, U.S. treasury securities, asset-backed securities, U.S. government agency securities, municipal securities, non-U.S. government and supranational bonds and certificates of deposit. We classify marketable investments with stated maturities of ninety days or less from the date of purchase as cash equivalents and those with stated maturities greater than ninety days from the date of purchase as marketable securities. We classify our marketable securities as available-for-sale investments in our current assets because they are available for use to support current operations. We carry our marketable investments at fair value and record unrealized gains or losses, net of taxes, in accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) in stockholders’ equity. We determine realized gains and losses on the sale of marketable investments using a specific identification method and record these and any expected credit losses in other income (expense), net.
Fair value measurements	Fair value measurements We account for certain assets and liabilities at fair value, which is the amount we believe market participants would be willing to receive to sell an asset or pay to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction. We categorize these assets and liabilities into the three levels below based on the degree to which the inputs we use to measure their fair values are observable in active markets. We use the most observable inputs available to us when measuring fair value. • Level 1: Observable inputs such as quoted prices for identical assets or liabilities in active markets • Level 2: Observable inputs such as quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities in active markets, quoted prices for identical assets or liabilities in inactive markets, or inputs that are derived principally from or corroborated by observable market data or other means • Level 3: Unobservable inputs that are supported by little or no market activity and are significant to the fair value of the assets or liabilities
Accounts receivable, net of allowances	Accounts receivable, net of allowances We record accounts receivable at the original invoiced amount. We maintain an allowance for credit losses for any receivables we may be unable to collect. We estimate uncollectible receivables based on our receivables’ age, our customers’ credit quality and current economic conditions, among other factors that may affect our customers’ ability to pay. We also maintain an allowance for sales credits, which we determine based on historical credits issued to customers. We include the allowances for credit losses and sales credits in accounts receivable, net in the consolidated balance sheets.
Property and equipment	We carry property and equipment at cost less accumulated depreciation and calculate depreciation using the straight-line method over our assets’ estimated useful lives, which are generally: Property and Equipment Useful Life Computer and network equipment 3 years Furniture and fixtures 4 years Leasehold improvements Lesser of 10 years or remaining lease term
Leases and operating lease incremental borrowing rate	Leases and operating lease incremental borrowing rate We lease office space under operating leases with expiration dates through 2035. We determine whether an arrangement constitutes a lease at inception and record lease liabilities and right-of-use assets on our consolidated balance sheets at lease commencement. We measure lease liabilities based on the present value of the total lease payments not yet paid discounted based on the more readily determinable of the rate implicit in the lease or our incremental borrowing rate, which is the estimated rate we would be required to pay for a collateralized borrowing equal to the total lease payments over the term of the lease. We estimate our incremental borrowing rate based on an analysis of publicly traded debt securities of companies with credit and financial profiles similar to our own. We measure right-of-use assets based on the corresponding lease liability adjusted for (i) payments made to the lessor at or before the commencement date, (ii) initial direct costs we incur and (iii) tenant incentives under the lease. We begin recognizing rent expense when the lessor makes the underlying asset available to us, we do not assume renewals or early terminations unless we are reasonably certain to exercise these options at commencement and we do not allocate consideration between lease and non-lease components. For short-term leases, we record rent expense in our consolidated statements of operations on a straight-line basis over the lease term and record variable lease payments as incurred.
Business combinations	B usiness combinations We include the results of operations of businesses that we acquire in our consolidated financial statements beginning on their respective acquisition dates. We allocate the fair value of the purchase consideration to the assets acquired and liabilities assumed based on their estimated fair values. When the fair value of the purchase consideration exceeds the fair values of the identifiable assets and liabilities acquired, we record the excess as goodwill. Our estimates of fair value are based on assumptions we believe to be reasonable but which are inherently uncertain and unpredictable, and as a result, actual results may differ from estimates. During the measurement period, which is one year from the acquisition date, we may record adjustments to the assets and liabilities acquired with the corresponding offset to goodwill. Any adjustments after the measurement period are reflected in our consolidated statements of operations.
Long-lived assets, including goodwill and intangible assets	Long-lived assets, including goodwill and intangible assets We record definite-lived intangible assets at fair value less accumulated amortization. We calculate amortization using the straight-line method over the assets’ estimated useful lives of up to ten years. We review our property and equipment, operating lease right-of-use assets and intangible assets for impairment whenever events or circumstances indicate that an asset’s carrying value may not be recoverable. We measure recoverability by comparing an asset’s carrying value to the future undiscounted cash flows that we expect it to generate. If this test indicates that the asset’s carrying value is not recoverable, we record an impairment charge to reduce the asset’s carrying value to its fair value. We recorded $117.3 million of impairment and abandonment charges for operating lease right-of-use assets and leasehold improvements as part of the restructuring plan for the year ended December 31, 2023. We did not record any other material property and equipment or intangible asset impairments during the periods presented. We review goodwill for impairment at least annually or more frequently if current circumstances or events indicate that the fair value of our single reporting unit may be less than its carrying value. We did not record any goodwill impairment during the periods presented.
Website development costs	Website development costs We capitalize costs to develop our website and mobile application when preliminary development efforts are successfully completed, management has authorized and committed project funding, and it is probable that the project will be completed and the software will be used as intended. Due to the iterative process by which we perform upgrades and the relatively short duration of our development projects, development costs meeting our capitalization criteria were not material during the periods presented.
Loss contingencies	Loss contingencies We are involved in various lawsuits, claims and proceedings that arise in the ordinary course of business. We record a liability for these when we believe it is probable that we have incurred a loss and can reasonably estimate the loss. We regularly evaluate current information to determine whether we should adjust a recorded liability or record a new one.
Foreign currency	Foreign currency The functional currency of our international subsidiaries is generally their local currency. We translate our subsidiaries’ financial statements into U.S. dollars using month-end exchange rates for assets and liabilities and rates that approximate those in effect during the period for revenue and costs and expenses. We record translation gains and losses in accumulated other comprehensive loss in stockholders’ equity. We record foreign exchange transaction gains and losses in other income (expense), net. Our net foreign exchange gains and losses were not material for the periods presented.
Concentration of business risk	Concentration of business risk We have an agreement with Amazon Web Services (“AWS”) to provide the cloud computing infrastructure we use to host our website, mobile application and many of the internal tools we use to operate our business. We are currently required to maintain a substantial majority of our monthly usage of certain compute, storage, data transfer and other services on AWS. Any transition of the cloud services currently provided by AWS to another cloud services provider would be difficult to implement and would cause us to incur significant time and expense.
Concentration of credit risk	Concentration of credit risk Financial instruments that may potentially expose us to concentrations of credit risk primarily consist of cash, cash equivalents, marketable securities and restricted cash. Our investment policy is meant to preserve capital and maintain liquidity. The policy limits our marketable investments to investment-grade securities and limits our credit exposure by limiting our concentration in any one corporate issuer or sector and by establishing a minimum credit rating for marketable investments we purchase. Although we deposit cash and marketable investments with multiple financial institutions, our deposits may exceed insurable limits.
Credit losses on accounts receivable	Our accounts receivable are generally unsecured. We monitor our customers’ credit quality on an ongoing basis and maintain reserves for estimated credit losses.
Recently Adopted Accounting Pronouncements and Not Yet Adopted	Recently Adopted Accounting Pronouncements In November 2023, the Financial Accounting Standards Board ("FASB") issued ASU 2023-07, Segment Reporting (Topic 280): Improvements to Reportable Segment Disclosures, which requires disclosure of incremental segment information on an annual and interim basis. We adopted ASU 2023-07 retrospectively as of January 1, 2024. Refer to our significant accounting policies above for the impact of adoption. Recent Accounting Pronouncements Not Yet Adopted In December 2023, the FASB issued ASU 2023-09, Income Taxes (Topic 740): Improvements to Income Tax Disclosures , which requires disaggregation of rate reconciliation categories and income taxes paid by jurisdiction. ASU 2023-09 will be effective for us beginning January 1, 2025. The amendments may be applied prospectively or retrospectively, and early adoption is permitted. We do not expect adoption to materially affect our consolidated financial statements. In November 2024, the FASB issued ASU 2024-03, Income Statement - Reporting Comprehensive Income - Expense Disaggregation Disclosures (subtopic 220-40) , which requires disclosure of disaggregation of certain relevant expenses included in the statements of operations on an annual and interim basis. ASU 2024-03 will be effective for our annual periods beginning January 1, 2027 and interim periods beginning January 1, 2028. The amendments must be applied retrospectively, and early adoption is permitted. We are currently evaluating the effects of adoption on our consolidated financial statements.

Description of business and s_3

Description of business and summary of significant accounting policies (Tables)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2024
Accounting Policies [Abstract]
Summary of Estimated Useful Lives of Property and Equipment	We carry property and equipment at cost less accumulated depreciation and calculate depreciation using the straight-line method over our assets’ estimated useful lives, which are generally: Property and Equipment Useful Life Computer and network equipment 3 years Furniture and fixtures 4 years Leasehold improvements Lesser of 10 years or remaining lease term Property and equipment, net consists of the following (in thousands): December 31, 2024 2023 Leasehold improvements $ 78,136 $ 64,326 Furniture and fixtures 22,630 21,077 Computer and network equipment 31,407 26,603 Total property and equipment 132,173 112,006 Less: accumulated depreciation (89,746) (90,116) Construction in progress 3,197 10,335 Property and equipment, net $ 45,624 $ 32,225

Cash, cash equivalents and ma_2

Cash, cash equivalents and marketable securities (Tables)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2024
Cash and Cash Equivalents [Abstract]
Summary of Composition of Cash, Cash Equivalents and Marketable Securities	Cash, cash equivalents and marketable securities consist of the following (in thousands): December 31, 2024 Amortized Cost Unrealized Gains Unrealized Losses Fair Value Cash and cash equivalents: Cash $ 111,718 $ — $ — $ 111,718 Money market funds 861,824 — — 861,824 Commercial paper 150,464 1 (9) 150,456 Corporate bonds 8,307 — (3) 8,304 Certificates of deposit 4,158 — — 4,158 Total cash and cash equivalents 1,136,471 1 (12) 1,136,460 Marketable securities: Corporate bonds 515,301 1,385 (474) 516,212 U.S. treasury securities 425,677 439 (763) 425,353 Commercial paper 260,205 191 (11) 260,385 Certificates of deposit 171,892 151 (22) 172,021 Non-U.S. government and supranational bonds 2,437 1 — 2,438 Total marketable securities 1,375,512 2,167 (1,270) 1,376,409 Total $ 2,511,983 $ 2,168 $ (1,282) $ 2,512,869 December 31, 2023 Amortized Cost Unrealized Gains Unrealized Losses Fair Value Cash and cash equivalents: Cash $ 220,583 $ — $ — $ 220,583 Money market funds 1,032,675 — — 1,032,675 Commercial paper 106,312 — (44) 106,268 Certificates of deposit 1,551 — — 1,551 Corporate bonds 859 — — 859 Total cash and cash equivalents 1,361,980 — (44) 1,361,936 Marketable securities: Corporate bonds 428,002 1,277 (1,322) 427,957 U.S. treasury securities 336,721 251 (616) 336,356 Commercial paper 200,963 212 (30) 201,145 Certificates of deposit 132,314 152 (9) 132,457 U.S. agency bonds 42,324 3 (77) 42,250 Non-U.S. government and supranational bonds 9,101 1 (119) 8,983 Total marketable securities 1,149,425 1,896 (2,173) 1,149,148 Total $ 2,511,405 $ 1,896 $ (2,217) $ 2,511,084
Summary of Fair Value of Marketable Securities by Contractual Maturity	The fair value of our marketable securities by contractual maturity is as follows (in thousands): December 31, 2024 Due in one year or less $ 1,040,147 Due after one to five years 336,262 Total $ 1,376,409

Fair value of financial instr_2

Fair value of financial instruments (Tables)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2024
Fair Value Disclosures [Abstract]
Summary of Fair Values of Financial Instruments Measured on a Recurring Basis	The fair values of the financial instruments we measure at fair value on a recurring basis are as follows (in thousands): December 31, 2024 Level 1 Level 2 Level 3 Total Cash equivalents: Money market funds $ 861,824 $ — $ — $ 861,824 Commercial paper — 150,456 — 150,456 Corporate bonds — 8,304 — 8,304 Certificates of deposit — 4,158 — 4,158 Marketable securities: Corporate bonds — 516,212 — 516,212 U.S. treasury securities 425,353 — — 425,353 Commercial paper — 260,385 — 260,385 Certificates of deposit — 172,021 — 172,021 Non-U.S. government and supranational bonds — 2,438 — 2,438 Other assets: Certificates of deposit $ — $ 4,761 $ — $ 4,761 December 31, 2023 Level 1 Level 2 Level 3 Total Cash equivalents: Money market funds $ 1,032,675 $ — $ — $ 1,032,675 Commercial paper — 106,268 — 106,268 Certificates of deposit — 1,551 — 1,551 Corporate bonds — 859 — 859 Marketable securities: Corporate bonds — 427,957 — 427,957 U.S. treasury securities 336,356 — — 336,356 Commercial paper — 201,145 — 201,145 Certificates of deposit — 132,457 — 132,457 U.S. agency bonds — 42,250 — 42,250 Non-U.S. government and supranational bonds — 8,983 — 8,983 Prepaid expenses and other current assets: Certificates of deposit — 2,542 — 2,542 Other assets: Certificates of deposit $ — $ 4,054 $ — $ 4,054

Other balance sheet components

Other balance sheet components (Tables)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2024
Other Balance Sheet Components [Abstract]
Summary of Property and Equipment, Net	We carry property and equipment at cost less accumulated depreciation and calculate depreciation using the straight-line method over our assets’ estimated useful lives, which are generally: Property and Equipment Useful Life Computer and network equipment 3 years Furniture and fixtures 4 years Leasehold improvements Lesser of 10 years or remaining lease term Property and equipment, net consists of the following (in thousands): December 31, 2024 2023 Leasehold improvements $ 78,136 $ 64,326 Furniture and fixtures 22,630 21,077 Computer and network equipment 31,407 26,603 Total property and equipment 132,173 112,006 Less: accumulated depreciation (89,746) (90,116) Construction in progress 3,197 10,335 Property and equipment, net $ 45,624 $ 32,225
Summary of Accrued Expenses and Other Current Liabilities	Accrued expenses and other current liabilities consists of the following (in thousands): December 31, 2024 2023 Accrued hosting expenses $ 56,946 $ 53,262 Accrued compensation 52,717 48,924 Accrued legal expenses 47,599 12,081 Operating lease liabilities 34,425 35,666 Deferred revenue 23,387 15,283 Other accrued expenses 99,033 72,816 Accrued expenses and other current liabilities $ 314,107 $ 238,032

Goodwill and intangible asset_2

Goodwill and intangible assets, net (Tables)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2024
Goodwill and Intangible Assets Disclosure [Abstract]
Summary of Composition of Intangible Assets, Net	Intangible assets, net consists of the following (in thousands): December 31, 2024 Gross Carrying Amount Accumulated Amortization Net Carrying Amount Weighted-Average Useful Life (1) Acquired technology, patents and other intangibles $ 39,907 $ (31,065) $ 8,842 4.9 years Customer relationships 17,700 (16,666) 1,034 1.6 years Total intangible assets, net $ 57,607 $ (47,731) $ 9,876 December 31, 2023 Gross Carrying Amount Accumulated Amortization Net Carrying Amount Weighted-Average Useful Life (1) Acquired technology, patents and other intangibles $ 39,907 $ (24,246) $ 15,661 4.9 years Customer relationships 17,700 (16,126) 1,574 1.6 years Total intangible assets, net $ 57,607 $ (40,372) $ 17,235 (1) Based on the weighted-average useful life established as of acquisition date.
Summary of Estimated Future Amortization Expense	Estimated future amortization expense as of December 31, 2024, is as follows (in thousands): Intangible Asset Amortization 2025 $ 5,464 2026 3,424 2027 476 2028 434 2029 78 Thereafter — Total $ 9,876

Commitments and contingencies (

Commitments and contingencies (Tables)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2024
Commitments and Contingencies Disclosure [Abstract]
Summary of Non-cancelable Contractual Commitments	As of December 31, 2024, our non-cancelable contractual commitments are as follows (in thousands): Purchase Commitments Operating Leases Total Commitments 2025 $ — $ 41,288 $ 41,288 2026 — 38,328 38,328 2027 — 30,219 30,219 2028 — 24,059 24,059 2029 — 21,676 21,676 Thereafter 1,110,191 70,195 1,180,386 Total $ 1,110,191 $ 225,765 $ 1,335,956

Leases (Tables)

Leases (Tables)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2024
Leases [Abstract]
Summary of Operating Lease Costs	Operating lease costs for the years ended December 31, 2024, 2023 and 2022, are as follows (in thousands): Year Ended December 31, 2024 2023 2022 Lease cost: Operating lease cost $ 41,031 $ 51,044 $ 66,022 Short-term lease cost 1,532 759 2,809 Total $ 42,563 $ 51,803 $ 68,831
Summary of Maturities of Operating Lease Liabilities	Maturities of our operating lease liabilities, which do not include short-term leases, as of December 31, 2024, are as follows (in thousands): Operating Leases 2025 $ 41,288 2026 38,328 2027 30,219 2028 24,059 2029 21,676 Thereafter 70,195 Total lease payments 225,765 Less imputed interest (39,976) Total operating lease liabilities $ 185,789

Stockholder's Equity (Tables)

Stockholder's Equity (Tables)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2024
Share-Based Payment Arrangement [Abstract]
Summary of Stock Option Activity	Stock option activity during the year ended December 31, 2024, was as follows (in thousands, except per share amounts): Stock Options Outstanding Shares Weighted-Average Exercise Price Weighted-Average Remaining Contractual Term Aggregate Intrinsic Value (1) (in years) Outstanding as of December 31, 2023 13,043 $ 15.41 6.1 $ 282,197 Exercised (2,643) 8.35 Forfeited (10) 2.96 Outstanding as of December 31, 2024 10,390 $ 17.21 6.2 $ 122,472 Exercisable as of December 31, 2024 6,648 $ 15.67 5.4 $ 88,644 (1) We calculate intrinsic value based on the difference between the exercise price of in-the-money-stock options and the fair value of our common stock as of the respective balance sheet date.
Summary of Restricted Stock Unit and Restricted Stock Award Activity	RSU and RSA activity during the year ended December 31, 2024, was as follows (in thousands, except per share amounts): Restricted Stock Units and Restricted Stock Awards Outstanding Shares Weighted Average Grant Date Fair Value Outstanding as of December 31, 2023 45,099 $ 25.83 Granted 23,636 34.67 Released (26,149) 28.54 Forfeited (5,369) 27.28 Outstanding as of December 31, 2024 37,217 $ 29.33
Summary of Share-Based Compensation Expense	Share-based compensation expense during the years ended December 31, 2024, 2023 and 2022, was as follows (in thousands): Year Ended December 31, 2024 2023 2022 Cost of revenue $ 14,836 $ 11,117 $ 7,629 Research and development 497,442 422,964 324,161 Sales and marketing 122,149 96,798 99,467 General and administrative 131,368 116,981 65,866 Total share-based compensation $ 765,795 $ 647,860 $ 497,123
Summary of Share-Based Payment Award, Stock Options, Valuation Assumptions	The weighted-average grant-date fair value of stock options granted during the year ended December 31, 2022 was $11.79, which we estimated using the Black ‑ Scholes option-pricing model with the following assumptions: Year Ended December 31, 2022 Expected term (in years) 6.1 Risk-free interest rate 3.2 % Expected volatility 61.1 % Dividend yield — %

Net income (loss) per share (Ta

Net income (loss) per share (Tables)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2024
Earnings Per Share [Abstract]
Schedule of Calculated Basic and Diluted Net Income (Loss) Per Share	We calculated basic and diluted net income (loss) per share as follows (in thousands, except per share amounts): Year Ended December 31, 2024 2023 2022 Class A Class B Class A Class B Class A Class B Basic net income (loss) per share: Numerator: Net income (loss) $ 1,633,901 $ 228,205 $ (30,937) $ (4,673) $ (83,110) $ (12,937) Denominator: Weighted-average shares used in computing net income (loss) per share, basic 595,639 83,192 586,109 88,532 576,061 89,671 Basic net income (loss) per share $ 2.74 $ 2.74 $ (0.05) $ (0.05) $ (0.14) $ (0.14) Diluted net income (loss) per share: Numerator: Net income (loss) $ 1,633,901 $ 228,205 $ (30,937) $ (4,673) $ (83,110) $ (12,937) Reallocation of net income as a result of conversion of Class B to Class A common stock 228,205 — — — — — Reallocation of net income to Class B common stock — (6,387) — — — — Diluted net income (loss) $ 1,862,106 $ 221,818 $ (30,937) $ (4,673) $ (83,110) $ (12,937) Denominator: Weighted-average shares used in computing net income (loss) per share, basic 595,639 83,192 586,109 88,532 576,061 89,671 Conversion of Class B to Class A common stock 83,192 — — — — — Weighted average effect of dilutive potential common stock 19,545 — — — — — Weighted-average shares used in computing net income (loss) per share, diluted 698,376 83,192 586,109 88,532 576,061 89,671 Diluted net income (loss) per share $ 2.67 $ 2.67 $ (0.05) $ (0.05) $ (0.14) $ (0.14)
Schedule of Weighted-Average Anti-Dilutive Shares of Common Stock Excluded from the Calculation of Diluted Net Income (Loss) Per Share	Basic net income (loss) per share is the same as diluted net income (loss) per share for the periods we reported net losses. We excluded the following weighted-average potential shares of common stock from our calculation of diluted net income (loss) per share because these would be anti-dilutive (in thousands): Year Ended December 31, 2024 2023 2022 Outstanding stock options — 14,463 17,405 Unvested restricted stock units and restricted stock awards 7,980 53,228 52,256 Total 7,980 67,691 69,661

Income taxes (Tables)

Income taxes (Tables)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2024
Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract]
Summary of Components of Income (Loss) Before Provision for Income Taxes	The components of income (loss) before provision for (benefit from) income taxes are as follows (in thousands): Year Ended December 31, 2024 2023 2022 United States $ 317,169 $ 20,713 $ 29,108 Foreign (29,564) (37,153) (115,052) Income (loss) before provision for (benefit from) income taxes $ 287,605 $ (16,440) $ (85,944)
Summary of Composition of the Provision for Income Taxes	Provision for (benefit from) income taxes consists of the following (in thousands): Year Ended December 31, 2024 2023 2022 Current: Federal $ 7,671 $ 7,833 $ 1,681 State 10,533 6,698 7,385 Foreign 7,729 6,477 4,381 Total current tax expense 25,933 21,008 13,447 Deferred: Federal (1,434,298) 6 (1,861) State (162,684) 3 (356) Foreign (3,452) (1,847) (1,127) Total deferred tax expense (benefit) (1,600,434) (1,838) (3,344) Provision for (benefit from) income taxes $ (1,574,501) $ 19,170 $ 10,103
Summary of Reconciliation of the Difference Between Income Taxes Computed at the Statutory Federal Income Tax Rate and the Provision for Income Taxes	The difference between income taxes computed at the statutory federal income tax rate and the provision for (benefit from) income taxes is attributable to the following (in thousands): Year Ended December 31, 2024 2023 2022 Tax at U.S. statutory rate $ 60,397 $ (3,453) $ (18,048) State income taxes, net of benefit (120,204) 5,111 5,502 Foreign operations 12,007 17,721 29,855 Permanent book/tax differences 1,171 692 3,671 Share-based compensation (23,019) (18,925) (20,663) Change in valuation allowance (1,421,323) 111,497 62,048 Tax credits (83,587) (93,887) (52,319) Other 57 414 57 Provision for (benefit from) income taxes $ (1,574,501) $ 19,170 $ 10,103
Summary of Significant Components of Deferred Tax Assets and Liabilities	Significant components of our deferred tax assets and liabilities are as follows (in thousands): December 31, 2024 2023 Deferred tax assets: Net operating loss carryforwards $ 524,598 $ 751,273 Research tax credits 677,104 570,061 Reserves, accruals, and other 33,312 26,855 Lease obligation 41,493 44,676 Share-based compensation 33,793 30,146 Research capitalization and amortization 623,368 411,113 Total deferred tax assets 1,933,668 1,834,124 Less: valuation allowance (322,070) (1,821,027) Deferred tax assets, net of valuation allowance 1,611,598 13,097 Deferred tax liabilities: Depreciation and amortization (6,394) (7,467) Prepaid expenses (2,665) (2,682) Total deferred tax liabilities (9,059) (10,149) Deferred tax assets (liabilities) $ 1,602,539 $ 2,948
Summary of Changes in Gross Unrecognized Tax Benefits	Changes in gross unrecognized tax benefits were as follows (in thousands): Gross Unrecognized Tax Benefits Balance as of December 31, 2022 $ 239,938 Increases for tax positions of prior years 3,736 Decreases for tax positions of prior years (119) Increases for tax positions of current year 44,377 Audit settlement (37,027) Balance as of December 31, 2023 $ 250,905 Increases for tax positions of prior years 6,545 Decreases for tax positions of prior years (196) Increases for tax positions of current year 56,819 Audit settlement — Balance as of December 31, 2024 $ 314,073

Geographical information (Table

Geographical information (Tables)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2024
Segment Reporting [Abstract]
Schedule of Revenue Disaggregated by Geography	Revenue disaggregated by geography based on our customers’ billing addresses is as follows (in thousands): Year Ended December 31, 2024 2023 2022 U.S. and Canada (1) $ 2,739,887 $ 2,350,188 $ 2,264,640 Europe (2) 601,187 501,290 410,516 Rest of World 305,092 203,593 127,418 Total revenue $ 3,646,166 $ 3,055,071 $ 2,802,574 (1) United States revenue w as $2,612.1 million, $2,226.3 million and $2,144.3 million for the years ended December 31, 2024, 2023 and 2022, respectively. No individual country other than the United States exceeded 10% of our total revenue for any period presented. (2) Europe includes Russia and Turkey.
Schedule of Property and Equipment, Net and Operating Lease Right-of-Use Assets by Geography	Property and equipment, net and operating lease right-of-use assets by geography is as follows (in thousands): December 31, 2024 2023 United States $ 74,623 $ 66,335 Ireland 24,201 18,658 Mexico 7,800 12,835 International (1) 24,867 26,516 Total property and equipment, net and operating lease right-of-use assets $ 131,491 $ 124,344 (1) Other than the United States, Ireland and Mexico, no other country exceeded 10% of our total property and equipment, net and operating lease right-of-use assets for any period presented.

Description of business and s_4

Description of business and summary of significant accounting policies - Narrative (Details) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2024 USD ($) segment	Dec. 31, 2023 USD ($)	Dec. 31, 2022 USD ($)
Summary of Significant Accounting Policies [Line Items]
Number of operating segments | segment	1
Deferred revenue	$ 23,400	$ 15,300
Service period	4 years
Advertising expenses	$ 161,500	145,600	$ 139,700
Estimated useful lives of intangible assets (up to)	10 years
Impairment and abandonment charges for leases and leasehold improvements	$ 0	$ 117,315	$ 0
2019 Plan | Minimum
Summary of Significant Accounting Policies [Line Items]
Service period	2 years
2019 Plan | Maximum
Summary of Significant Accounting Policies [Line Items]
Service period	4 years
RSUs | 2009 Plan
Summary of Significant Accounting Policies [Line Items]
Service period	4 years

Description of business and s_5

Description of business and summary of significant accounting policies - Estimated Useful Lives of Property and Equipment (Details)	Dec. 31, 2024
Computer and network equipment
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]
Useful Life	3 years
Furniture and fixtures
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]
Useful Life	4 years
Leasehold improvements
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]
Useful Life	10 years

Cash, cash equivalents and ma_3

Cash, cash equivalents and marketable securities - Composition of Cash, Cash Equivalents and Marketable Securities (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Dec. 31, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023
Cash and cash equivalents:
Amortized Cost	$ 1,136,471	$ 1,361,980
Unrealized Gains	1	0
Unrealized Losses	(12)	(44)
Fair Value	1,136,460	1,361,936
Marketable securities:
Amortized Cost	1,375,512	1,149,425
Unrealized Gains	2,167	1,896
Unrealized Losses	(1,270)	(2,173)
Fair Value	1,376,409	1,149,148
Total
Amortized Cost	2,511,983	2,511,405
Unrealized Gains	2,168	1,896
Unrealized Losses	(1,282)	(2,217)
Fair Value	2,512,869	2,511,084
Corporate bonds
Marketable securities:
Amortized Cost	515,301	428,002
Unrealized Gains	1,385	1,277
Unrealized Losses	(474)	(1,322)
Fair Value	516,212	427,957
U.S. treasury securities
Marketable securities:
Amortized Cost	425,677	336,721
Unrealized Gains	439	251
Unrealized Losses	(763)	(616)
Fair Value	425,353	336,356
Commercial paper
Marketable securities:
Amortized Cost	260,205	200,963
Unrealized Gains	191	212
Unrealized Losses	(11)	(30)
Fair Value	260,385	201,145
Certificates of deposit
Marketable securities:
Amortized Cost	171,892	132,314
Unrealized Gains	151	152
Unrealized Losses	(22)	(9)
Fair Value	172,021	132,457
U.S. agency bonds
Marketable securities:
Amortized Cost		42,324
Unrealized Gains		3
Unrealized Losses		(77)
Fair Value		42,250
Non-U.S. government and supranational bonds
Marketable securities:
Amortized Cost	2,437	9,101
Unrealized Gains	1	1
Unrealized Losses	0	(119)
Fair Value	2,438	8,983
Cash
Cash and cash equivalents:
Amortized Cost	111,718	220,583
Unrealized Gains	0	0
Unrealized Losses	0	0
Fair Value	111,718	220,583
Money market funds
Cash and cash equivalents:
Amortized Cost	861,824	1,032,675
Unrealized Gains	0	0
Unrealized Losses	0	0
Fair Value	861,824	1,032,675
Commercial paper
Cash and cash equivalents:
Amortized Cost	150,464	106,312
Unrealized Gains	1	0
Unrealized Losses	(9)	(44)
Fair Value	150,456	106,268
Corporate bonds
Cash and cash equivalents:
Amortized Cost	8,307	859
Unrealized Gains	0	0
Unrealized Losses	(3)	0
Fair Value	8,304	859
Certificates of deposit
Cash and cash equivalents:
Amortized Cost	4,158	1,551
Unrealized Gains	0	0
Unrealized Losses	0	0
Fair Value	$ 4,158	$ 1,551

Cash, cash equivalents and ma_4

Cash, cash equivalents and marketable securities - Fair Value of Marketable Securities by Contractual Maturity (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Dec. 31, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023
Cash and Cash Equivalents [Abstract]
Due in one year or less	$ 1,040,147
Due after one to five years	336,262
Total	$ 1,376,409	$ 1,149,148

Fair value of financial instr_3

Fair value of financial instruments (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Dec. 31, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Cash equivalents	$ 1,136,460	$ 1,361,936
Marketable securities	1,376,409	1,149,148
Corporate bonds
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Marketable securities	516,212	427,957
Corporate bonds | Recurring
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Marketable securities	516,212	427,957
Corporate bonds | Recurring | Level 1
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Marketable securities	0	0
Corporate bonds | Recurring | Level 2
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Marketable securities	516,212	427,957
Corporate bonds | Recurring | Level 3
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Marketable securities	0	0
U.S. treasury securities
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Marketable securities	425,353	336,356
U.S. treasury securities | Recurring
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Marketable securities	425,353	336,356
U.S. treasury securities | Recurring | Level 1
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Marketable securities	425,353	336,356
U.S. treasury securities | Recurring | Level 2
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Marketable securities	0	0
U.S. treasury securities | Recurring | Level 3
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Marketable securities	0	0
Commercial paper
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Marketable securities	260,385	201,145
Commercial paper | Recurring
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Marketable securities	260,385	201,145
Commercial paper | Recurring | Level 1
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Marketable securities	0	0
Commercial paper | Recurring | Level 2
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Marketable securities	260,385	201,145
Commercial paper | Recurring | Level 3
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Marketable securities	0	0
Certificates of deposit
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Marketable securities	172,021	132,457
Certificates of deposit | Recurring
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Marketable securities	172,021	132,457
Prepaid expenses and other current assets		2,542
Other assets	4,761	4,054
Certificates of deposit | Recurring | Level 1
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Marketable securities	0	0
Prepaid expenses and other current assets		0
Other assets	0	0
Certificates of deposit | Recurring | Level 2
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Marketable securities	172,021	132,457
Prepaid expenses and other current assets		2,542
Other assets	4,761	4,054
Certificates of deposit | Recurring | Level 3
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Marketable securities	0	0
Prepaid expenses and other current assets		0
Other assets	0	0
U.S. agency bonds
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Marketable securities		42,250
U.S. agency bonds | Recurring
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Marketable securities		42,250
U.S. agency bonds | Recurring | Level 1
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Marketable securities		0
U.S. agency bonds | Recurring | Level 2
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Marketable securities		42,250
U.S. agency bonds | Recurring | Level 3
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Marketable securities		0
Non-U.S. government and supranational bonds
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Marketable securities	2,438	8,983
Non-U.S. government and supranational bonds | Recurring
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Marketable securities	2,438	8,983
Non-U.S. government and supranational bonds | Recurring | Level 1
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Marketable securities	0	0
Non-U.S. government and supranational bonds | Recurring | Level 2
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Marketable securities	2,438	8,983
Non-U.S. government and supranational bonds | Recurring | Level 3
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Marketable securities	0	0
Money market funds
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Cash equivalents	861,824	1,032,675
Money market funds | Recurring
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Cash equivalents	861,824	1,032,675
Money market funds | Recurring | Level 1
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Cash equivalents	861,824	1,032,675
Money market funds | Recurring | Level 2
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Cash equivalents	0	0
Money market funds | Recurring | Level 3
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Cash equivalents	0	0
Commercial paper
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Cash equivalents	150,456	106,268
Commercial paper | Recurring
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Cash equivalents	150,456	106,268
Commercial paper | Recurring | Level 1
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Cash equivalents	0	0
Commercial paper | Recurring | Level 2
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Cash equivalents	150,456	106,268
Commercial paper | Recurring | Level 3
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Cash equivalents	0	0
Corporate bonds
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Cash equivalents	8,304	859
Corporate bonds | Recurring
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Cash equivalents	8,304	859
Corporate bonds | Recurring | Level 1
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Cash equivalents	0	0
Corporate bonds | Recurring | Level 2
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Cash equivalents	8,304	859
Corporate bonds | Recurring | Level 3
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Cash equivalents	0	0
Certificates of deposit
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Cash equivalents	4,158	1,551
Certificates of deposit | Recurring
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Cash equivalents	4,158	1,551
Certificates of deposit | Recurring | Level 1
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Cash equivalents	0	0
Certificates of deposit | Recurring | Level 2
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Cash equivalents	4,158	1,551
Certificates of deposit | Recurring | Level 3
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Cash equivalents	$ 0	$ 0

Other balance sheet component_2

Other balance sheet components - Property and Equipment, Net (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Dec. 31, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]
Less: accumulated depreciation	$ (89,746)	$ (90,116)
Property and equipment, net	45,624	32,225
Total property and equipment
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]
Property and equipment	132,173	112,006
Leasehold improvements
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]
Property and equipment	78,136	64,326
Furniture and fixtures
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]
Property and equipment	22,630	21,077
Computer and network equipment
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]
Property and equipment	31,407	26,603
Construction in progress
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]
Property and equipment	$ 3,197	$ 10,335

Other balance sheet component_3

Other balance sheet components - Narrative (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022
Other Balance Sheet Components [Abstract]
Depreciation expense	$ 13.9	$ 14.1	$ 21.6

Other balance sheet component_4

Other balance sheet components - Accrued Expenses and Other Current Liabilities (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Dec. 31, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023
Other Balance Sheet Components [Abstract]
Accrued hosting expenses	$ 56,946	$ 53,262
Accrued compensation	52,717	48,924
Accrued legal expenses	47,599	12,081
Operating lease liabilities	$ 34,425	$ 35,666
Operating Lease, Liability, Current, Statement of Financial Position [Extensible Enumeration]	Accrued expenses and other current liabilities	Accrued expenses and other current liabilities
Deferred revenue	$ 23,387	$ 15,283
Other accrued expenses	99,033	72,816
Accrued expenses and other current liabilities	$ 314,107	$ 238,032

Goodwill and intangible asset_3

Goodwill and intangible assets, net - Composition of Intangible Assets, Net (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Dec. 31, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023
Finite-Lived Intangible Assets [Line Items]
Gross Carrying Amount	$ 57,607	$ 57,607
Accumulated Amortization	(47,731)	(40,372)
Net Carrying Amount	$ 9,876	17,235
Weighted-Average Useful Life	10 years
Acquired technology, patents and other intangibles
Finite-Lived Intangible Assets [Line Items]
Gross Carrying Amount	$ 39,907	39,907
Accumulated Amortization	(31,065)	(24,246)
Net Carrying Amount	$ 8,842	$ 15,661
Weighted-Average Useful Life	4 years 10 months 24 days	4 years 10 months 24 days
Customer relationships
Finite-Lived Intangible Assets [Line Items]
Gross Carrying Amount	$ 17,700	$ 17,700
Accumulated Amortization	(16,666)	(16,126)
Net Carrying Amount	$ 1,034	$ 1,574
Weighted-Average Useful Life	1 year 7 months 6 days	1 year 7 months 6 days

Goodwill and intangible asset_4

Goodwill and intangible assets, net - Narrative (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022
Goodwill and Intangible Assets Disclosure [Abstract]
Amortization expense	$ 7.4	$ 7.4	$ 24.9

Goodwill and intangible asset_5

Goodwill and intangible assets, net - Estimated Future Amortization Expense (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Dec. 31, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023
Goodwill and Intangible Assets Disclosure [Abstract]
2025	$ 5,464
2026	3,424
2027	476
2028	434
2029	78
Thereafter	0
Net Carrying Amount	$ 9,876	$ 17,235

Commitments and contingencies -

Commitments and contingencies - Non-cancelable Contractual Commitments (Details) $ in Thousands	Dec. 31, 2024 USD ($)
Purchase Commitments
2025	$ 0
2026	0
2027	0
2028	0
2029	0
Thereafter	1,110,191
Total	1,110,191
Operating Leases
2025	41,288
2026	38,328
2027	30,219
2028	24,059
2029	21,676
Thereafter	70,195
Total lease payments	225,765
Total Commitments
2025	41,288
2026	38,328
2027	30,219
2028	24,059
2029	21,676
Thereafter	1,180,386
Total	$ 1,335,956

Commitments and contingencies_2

Commitments and contingencies - Purchase Commitments (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions	Dec. 31, 2024	Apr. 30, 2021
Commitments and Contingencies Disclosure [Abstract]
Minimum required purchases	$ 1,110.2	$ 3,250

Commitments and contingencies_3

Commitments and contingencies - Revolving Credit Facility (Details) - Line of Credit $ in Millions	1 Months Ended
	Oct. 31, 2022 USD ($)	Dec. 31, 2024 USD ($)	Oct. 31, 2023 USD ($)	Nov. 30, 2018 USD ($)
Revolving Credit Facility
Commitments And Contingencies [Line Items]
Maximum borrowing capacity	$ 400		$ 500	$ 500
Term of borrowing agreement	5 years
Commitment fee rate	0.15%
Ration of consolidated net debt to EBITDA (no greater than)	3.50
Future ratio of consolidated net debt to EBITDA (no greater than)	4
Remaining borrowing capacity		$ 500
Revolving Credit Facility | Secured Overnight Financing Rate (SOFR)
Commitments And Contingencies [Line Items]
Base rate component, spread on variable rate	0.0010
Basis spread on variable rate	1.50%
Revolving Credit Facility | Alternative Base Rate
Commitments And Contingencies [Line Items]
Basis spread on variable rate	0.50%
Revolving Credit Facility | Credit Agreement Amended And Restated
Commitments And Contingencies [Line Items]
Accordion feature maximum borrowings capacity	$ 405		$ 305
Letter of Credit
Commitments And Contingencies [Line Items]
Commitment fee	0.125%

Leases - Operating Lease Costs

Leases - Operating Lease Costs (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022
Lease cost:
Operating lease cost	$ 41,031	$ 51,044	$ 66,022
Short-term lease cost	1,532	759	2,809
Total	$ 42,563	$ 51,803	$ 68,831

Leases - Narrative (Details)

Leases - Narrative (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022
Leases [Abstract]
Weighted-average remaining term of operating leases	6 years 7 months 6 days	7 years 2 months 12 days
Weighted-average discount rate used to measure the present value of operating lease liabilities	5.40%	5.10%
Cash payments included in the measurement of operating lease liabilities	$ 50.4	$ 61.8	$ 64

Leases - Maturities of Operatin

Leases - Maturities of Operating Lease Liabilities (Details) $ in Thousands	Dec. 31, 2024 USD ($)
Leases [Abstract]
2025	$ 41,288
2026	38,328
2027	30,219
2028	24,059
2029	21,676
Thereafter	70,195
Total lease payments	225,765
Less imputed interest	(39,976)
Total operating lease liabilities	$ 185,789

Stockholder's Equity - Narrativ

Stockholder's Equity - Narrative (Details) - USD ($)			12 Months Ended
	Sep. 16, 2023	Feb. 02, 2023	Dec. 31, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022	Nov. 30, 2024	Nov. 05, 2024
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Grant-date fair value of stock options vested			$ 25,200,000	$ 28,400,000	$ 9,500,000
Aggregate intrinsic value of stock options exercised			74,400,000	70,200,000	180,200,000
Share-based compensation expense, tax benefit			158,700,000	0	$ 0
Unrecognized share-based compensation expense			$ 1,038,300,000
Weighted-average recognition period for unrecognized share-based compensation expense			1 year 9 months 18 days
Weighted-average grant-date fair value of stock options granted (in dollars per share)					$ 11.79
Repurchases of Class A common stock			$ 600,198,000	$ 500,000,000
Stock Repurchase Program, February 2023
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Authorized stock repurchase amount		$ 500,000,000
Repurchases of Class A common stock (in shares)		21,215,663
Repurchases of Class A common stock		$ 500,000,000
Stock repurchased, average price per share (in dollars per share)		$ 23.57
Stock Repurchase Program, September 2023
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Authorized stock repurchase amount	$ 1,000,000,000
Repurchases of Class A common stock (in shares)	15,894,701
Repurchases of Class A common stock	$ 500,000,000
Stock repurchased, average price per share (in dollars per share)	$ 31.46
Remaining authorized stock repurchase amount						$ 500,000,000
Stock Repurchase Program, November 2024
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Authorized stock repurchase amount							$ 2,000,000,000
Repurchases of Class A common stock (in shares)			19,125,363
Repurchases of Class A common stock			$ 600,200,000
Stock repurchased, average price per share (in dollars per share)			$ 31.38
Remaining authorized stock repurchase amount			$ 1,899,800,000
Stock options
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Dividend yield					0%
2009 Plan
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Shares reserved for issuance (in shares)			0
2009 Plan | Stock options
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Expiration period			10 years
2009 Plan | RSUs
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Expiration period			7 years
2019 Plan
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Percentage of outstanding shares, additional reserve			5%
2019 Plan | Class A
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Shares reserved for issuance (in shares)			171,858,312
2019 Plan | Stock options
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Expiration period			10 years

Stockholder's Equity - Stock Op

Stockholder's Equity - Stock Option Activity (Details) - USD ($) $ / shares in Units, shares in Thousands, $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023
Shares
Beginning balance (in shares)	13,043
Exercised (in shares)	(2,643)
Forfeited (in shares)	(10)
Ending balance (in shares)	10,390	13,043
Exercisable (in shares)	6,648
Weighted-Average Exercise Price
Beginning balance (in dollars per share)	$ 15.41
Exercised (in dollars per share)	8.35
Forfeited (in dollars per share)	2.96
Ending balance (in dollars per share)	17.21	$ 15.41
Exercisable (in dollars per share)	$ 15.67
Weighted-Average Remaining Contractual Term, Outstanding	6 years 2 months 12 days	6 years 1 month 6 days
Weighted-Average Remaining Contractual Term, Exercisable	5 years 4 months 24 days
Aggregate Intrinsic Value, Outstanding	$ 122,472	$ 282,197
Aggregate Intrinsic Value, Exercisable	$ 88,644

Stockholders' Equity - Restrict

Stockholders' Equity - Restricted Stock Unit Activity (Details) - Restricted Stock Units and Restricted Stock Awards Outstanding shares in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2024 $ / shares shares
Shares
Beginning balance (in shares) | shares	45,099
Granted (in shares) | shares	23,636
Released (in shares) | shares	(26,149)
Forfeited (in shares) | shares	(5,369)
Ending balance (in shares) | shares	37,217
Weighted Average Grant Date Fair Value
Beginning balance (in dollars per share) | $ / shares	$ 25.83
Granted (in dollars per share) | $ / shares	34.67
Released (in dollars per share) | $ / shares	28.54
Forfeited (in dollars per share) | $ / shares	27.28
Ending balance (in dollars per share) | $ / shares	$ 29.33

Stockholder's Equity - Share-ba

Stockholder's Equity - Share-based Compensation Expense (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award, Compensation Cost [Line Items]
Total share-based compensation	$ 765,795	$ 647,860	$ 497,123
Cost of revenue
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award, Compensation Cost [Line Items]
Total share-based compensation	14,836	11,117	7,629
Research and development
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award, Compensation Cost [Line Items]
Total share-based compensation	497,442	422,964	324,161
Sales and marketing
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award, Compensation Cost [Line Items]
Total share-based compensation	122,149	96,798	99,467
General and administrative
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award, Compensation Cost [Line Items]
Total share-based compensation	$ 131,368	$ 116,981	$ 65,866

Stockholder's Equity - Fair Val

Stockholder's Equity - Fair Value of Stock Options (Details) - Stock options	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2022
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Expected term (in years)	6 years 1 month 6 days
Risk-free interest rate	3.20%
Expected volatility	61.10%
Dividend yield	0%

Net income (loss) per share - C

Net income (loss) per share - Calculation of Basic and Diluted Net Income (Loss) Per Share (Details) - USD ($) $ / shares in Units, shares in Thousands, $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022
Denominator:
Weighted-average shares used in computing net income (loss) per share, basic (in shares)	678,831	674,641	665,732
Basic net income (loss) per share (in dollars per share)	$ 2.74	$ (0.05)	$ (0.14)
Denominator:
Weighted-average shares used in computing net income (loss) per share, basic (in shares)	678,831	674,641	665,732
Weighted-average shares used in computing net income (loss) per share, diluted (in shares)	698,376	674,641	665,732
Diluted net income (loss) per share (in dollars per share)	$ 2.67	$ (0.05)	$ (0.14)
Class A
Numerator:
Net income (loss)	$ 1,633,901	$ (30,937)	$ (83,110)
Denominator:
Weighted-average shares used in computing net income (loss) per share, basic (in shares)	595,639	586,109	576,061
Basic net income (loss) per share (in dollars per share)	$ 2.74	$ (0.05)	$ (0.14)
Numerator:
Net income (loss)	$ 1,633,901	$ (30,937)	$ (83,110)
Reallocation of net income as a result of conversion of Class B to Class A common stock	228,205	0	0
Reallocation of net income to Class B common stock	0	0	0
Diluted net income (loss)	$ 1,862,106	$ (30,937)	$ (83,110)
Denominator:
Weighted-average shares used in computing net income (loss) per share, basic (in shares)	595,639	586,109	576,061
Conversion of Class B to Class A common stock (in shares)	83,192	0	0
Weighted average effect of dilutive potential common stock (in shares)	19,545	0	0
Weighted-average shares used in computing net income (loss) per share, diluted (in shares)	698,376	586,109	576,061
Diluted net income (loss) per share (in dollars per share)	$ 2.67	$ (0.05)	$ (0.14)
Class B
Numerator:
Net income (loss)	$ 228,205	$ (4,673)	$ (12,937)
Denominator:
Weighted-average shares used in computing net income (loss) per share, basic (in shares)	83,192	88,532	89,671
Basic net income (loss) per share (in dollars per share)	$ 2.74	$ (0.05)	$ (0.14)
Numerator:
Net income (loss)	$ 228,205	$ (4,673)	$ (12,937)
Reallocation of net income as a result of conversion of Class B to Class A common stock	0	0	0
Reallocation of net income to Class B common stock	(6,387)	0	0
Diluted net income (loss)	$ 221,818	$ (4,673)	$ (12,937)
Denominator:
Weighted-average shares used in computing net income (loss) per share, basic (in shares)	83,192	88,532	89,671
Conversion of Class B to Class A common stock (in shares)	0	0	0
Weighted average effect of dilutive potential common stock (in shares)	0	0	0
Weighted-average shares used in computing net income (loss) per share, diluted (in shares)	83,192	88,532	89,671
Diluted net income (loss) per share (in dollars per share)	$ 2.67	$ (0.05)	$ (0.14)

Net income (loss) per share - W

Net income (loss) per share - Weighted-Average Anti-Dilutive Shares of Common Stock Excluded from the Calculation of Diluted Net Loss Per Share (Details) - shares shares in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022
Antidilutive Securities Excluded from Computation of Earnings Per Share [Line Items]
Weighted-average anti-dilutive shares of common stock (in shares)	7,980	67,691	69,661
Outstanding stock options
Antidilutive Securities Excluded from Computation of Earnings Per Share [Line Items]
Weighted-average anti-dilutive shares of common stock (in shares)	0	14,463	17,405
Unvested restricted stock units and restricted stock awards
Antidilutive Securities Excluded from Computation of Earnings Per Share [Line Items]
Weighted-average anti-dilutive shares of common stock (in shares)	7,980	53,228	52,256

Income taxes - Components of Lo

Income taxes - Components of Loss Before Provision for Income Taxes (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022
Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract]
United States	$ 317,169	$ 20,713	$ 29,108
Foreign	(29,564)	(37,153)	(115,052)
Income (loss) before provision for (benefit from) income taxes	$ 287,605	$ (16,440)	$ (85,944)

Income taxes - Composition of t

Income taxes - Composition of the Provision for Income Taxes (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022
Current:
Federal	$ 7,671	$ 7,833	$ 1,681
State	10,533	6,698	7,385
Foreign	7,729	6,477	4,381
Total current tax expense	25,933	21,008	13,447
Deferred:
Federal	(1,434,298)	6	(1,861)
State	(162,684)	3	(356)
Foreign	(3,452)	(1,847)	(1,127)
Total deferred tax expense (benefit)	(1,600,434)	(1,838)	(3,344)
Provision for (benefit from) income taxes	$ (1,574,501)	$ 19,170	$ 10,103

Income taxes - Reconciliation o

Income taxes - Reconciliation of the Difference Between Income Taxes Computed at the Statutory Federal Income Tax Rate and the Provision for Income Taxes (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022
Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract]
Tax at U.S. statutory rate	$ 60,397	$ (3,453)	$ (18,048)
State income taxes, net of benefit	(120,204)	5,111	5,502
Foreign operations	12,007	17,721	29,855
Permanent book/tax differences	1,171	692	3,671
Share-based compensation	(23,019)	(18,925)	(20,663)
Change in valuation allowance	(1,421,323)	111,497	62,048
Tax credits	(83,587)	(93,887)	(52,319)
Other	57	414	57
Provision for (benefit from) income taxes	$ (1,574,501)	$ 19,170	$ 10,103

Income taxes - Significant Comp

Income taxes - Significant Components of Deferred Tax Assets and Liabilities (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Dec. 31, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023
Deferred tax assets:
Net operating loss carryforwards	$ 524,598	$ 751,273
Research tax credits	677,104	570,061
Reserves, accruals, and other	33,312	26,855
Lease obligation	41,493	44,676
Share-based compensation	33,793	30,146
Research capitalization and amortization	623,368	411,113
Total deferred tax assets	1,933,668	1,834,124
Less: valuation allowance	(322,070)	(1,821,027)
Deferred tax assets, net of valuation allowance	1,611,598	13,097
Deferred tax liabilities:
Depreciation and amortization	(6,394)	(7,467)
Prepaid expenses	(2,665)	(2,682)
Total deferred tax liabilities	(9,059)	(10,149)
Deferred tax assets (liabilities)	$ 1,602,539	$ 2,948

Income taxes - Narrative (Detai

Income taxes - Narrative (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022
Income Taxes [Line Items]
Deferred tax benefit	$ 1,600,434	$ 1,838	$ 3,344
Increase (decrease) in deferred tax asset valuation allowance	(1,499,000)
Unrecognized tax benefits that would affect effective tax rate	314,100
Effective tax rate impact	178,300
Remaining unrecognized tax benefits	135,800
Federal
Income Taxes [Line Items]
Deferred tax benefit	1,597,000
Net operating loss carryforwards	1,909,500
Federal | Research Tax Credits
Income Taxes [Line Items]
Tax credit carryforwards	603,800
State | California
Income Taxes [Line Items]
Net operating loss carryforwards	554,300
State | California | Research Tax Credits
Income Taxes [Line Items]
Tax credit carryforwards	428,900
State | Other States
Income Taxes [Line Items]
Net operating loss carryforwards	1,549,900
Foreign | Ireland
Income Taxes [Line Items]
Net operating loss carryforwards	202,000
Foreign | Other Foreign
Income Taxes [Line Items]
Net operating loss carryforwards	7,300
Foreign | California | Research Tax Credits
Income Taxes [Line Items]
Tax credit carryforwards	$ 1,800

Income taxes - Changes in Gross

Income taxes - Changes in Gross Unrecognized Tax Benefits (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023
Gross Unrecognized Tax Benefits
Beginning balance	$ 250,905	$ 239,938
Increases for tax positions of prior years	6,545	3,736
Decreases for tax positions of prior years	(196)	(119)
Increases for tax positions of current year	56,819	44,377
Audit settlement	0	(37,027)
Ending balance	$ 314,073	$ 250,905

Geographical information (Detai

Geographical information (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022
Revenues from External Customers and Long-Lived Assets [Line Items]
Total revenue	$ 3,646,166	$ 3,055,071	$ 2,802,574
Total property and equipment, net and operating lease right-of-use assets	131,491	124,344
United States and Canada
Revenues from External Customers and Long-Lived Assets [Line Items]
Total revenue	2,739,887	2,350,188	2,264,640
Europe
Revenues from External Customers and Long-Lived Assets [Line Items]
Total revenue	601,187	501,290	410,516
Rest of World
Revenues from External Customers and Long-Lived Assets [Line Items]
Total revenue	305,092	203,593	127,418
United States
Revenues from External Customers and Long-Lived Assets [Line Items]
Total revenue	2,612,100	2,226,300	$ 2,144,300
Total property and equipment, net and operating lease right-of-use assets	74,623	66,335
Ireland
Revenues from External Customers and Long-Lived Assets [Line Items]
Total property and equipment, net and operating lease right-of-use assets	24,201	18,658
Mexico
Revenues from External Customers and Long-Lived Assets [Line Items]
Total property and equipment, net and operating lease right-of-use assets	7,800	12,835
International
Revenues from External Customers and Long-Lived Assets [Line Items]
Total property and equipment, net and operating lease right-of-use assets	$ 24,867	$ 26,516