Loans and Allowance for Loan Losses | Note 3: Loans and Allowance for Loan Losses Classes of loans at June 30, include: 2022 2021 Real estate loans One- $ 132,474 $ 117,435 Multi-family 88,247 104,433 Commercial 167,375 155,884 Home equity lines of credit 6,987 6,688 Construction 41,254 25,345 Commercial 80,418 103,088 Consumer 8,981 7,653 525,736 520,526 Less Unearned fees and discounts, net (247 ) 556 Allowance for loan losses 7,052 6,599 Loans, net $ 518,931 $ 513,371 The Company had loans held for sale included in one- The Company believes that sound loans are a necessary and desirable means of employing funds available for investment. Recognizing the Company’s obligations to its depositors and to the communities it serves, authorized personnel are expected to seek to develop and make sound, profitable loans that resources permit and that opportunity affords. The Company maintains lending policies and procedures in place designed to focus our lending efforts on the types, locations, and duration of loans most appropriate for our business model and markets. The Company’s lending activity includes the origination of one- The Company’s lending can be summarized into six primary areas; one- One- The Company offers one- non-conforming one- one- The Company also offers USDA (USDA Rural Development), FHA and VA loans that are originated through a nationwide wholesale lender. In addition, the Company also offers home equity loans that are secured by a second mortgage on the borrower’s primary or secondary residence. Home equity loans are generally underwritten using the same criteria used to underwrite one- As one- one- Commercial Real Estate and Multi-Family Real Estate Loans Commercial real estate mortgage loans are primarily secured by office buildings, owner-occupied businesses, strip mall centers, churches, and farm loans secured by real estate. In underwriting commercial real estate and multi-family real estate loans, the Company considers a number of factors, which include the projected net cash flow to the loan’s debt service requirement, the age and condition of the collateral, the financial resources and income level of the borrower and the borrower’s experience in owning or managing similar properties. Personal guarantees are typically obtained from commercial real estate and multi-family real estate borrowers. In addition, the borrower’s financial information on such loans is monitored on an ongoing basis by requiring periodic financial statement updates. The repayment of these loans is primarily dependent on the cash flows of the underlying property. However, the commercial real estate loan generally must be supported by an adequate underlying collateral value. The performance and the value of the underlying property may be adversely affected by economic factors or geographical and/or industry specific factors. These loans are subject to other industry guidelines that are closely monitored by the Company. Management reviews and approves the Company’s lending policies and procedures on a routine basis. Management routinely (at least quarterly) reviews our allowance for loan losses and reports related to loan production, loan quality, concentrations of credit, loan delinquencies and non-performing The Company’s policies and loan approval limits are established by the Board of Directors. The loan officers generally have authority to approve one- one- one- The Company conducts internal loan reviews that validate the loans against the Company’s loan policy quarterly for mortgage, consumer, and small commercial loans on a sample basis, and all larger commercial loans on an annual basis. The Company also receives independent loan reviews performed by a third party on larger commercial loans to be performed annually. In addition to compliance with our policy, the third party loan review process reviews the risk assessments made by our credit department, lenders and loan committees. Results of these reviews are presented to management, Audit Committee and the Board of Directors. Home Equity Lines of Credit In addition to traditional one- one- Commercial Business Loans The Company originates commercial non-mortgage medium-sized The commercial business loan portfolio consists primarily of secured loans. When making commercial business loans, the Company considers the financial statements, lending history and debt service capabilities of the borrower, the projected cash flows of the business and the value of the collateral, if any. The cash flows of the underlying borrower, however, may not perform consistent with historical or projected information. Further, the collateral securing loans may fluctuate in value due to individual economic or other factors. Loans are typically guaranteed by the principals of the borrower. The Company has established minimum standards and underwriting guidelines for all commercial loan types. Commercial business loans also include Small Business Administration (SBA) Paycheck Protection Program (PPP) loans which are covered by a 100% government guaranty. As of June 30, 2022, the Company had no PPP loans, compared to 364 loans totaling $20.6 million at June 30, 2021. Real Estate Construction Loans The Company originates construction loans for one- Consumer Loans Consumer loans consist of installment loans to individuals, primarily automotive loans. These loans are underwritten utilizing the borrower’s financial history, including the Fair Isaac Corporation (“FICO”) Loan-to-value Loan Concentrations The loan portfolio includes a concentration of loans secured by commercial real estate properties, including commercial real estate construction loans, amounting to $290,972,000 and $274,892,000 as of June 30, 2022 and 2021, respectively. Generally, these loans are collateralized by multi-family and nonresidential properties. The loans are expected to be repaid from cash flows or from proceeds from the sale of the properties of the borrower. Purchased Loans and Loan Participations The Company’s loans receivable included purchased loans of $1,570,000 and $3,578,000 at June 30, 2022 and 2021, respectively. All of these purchased loans are secured by single family homes located out of our primary market area primarily in the Midwest. The Company’s loans receivable also include commercial loan participations of $29,972,000 and $26,870,000 at June 30, 2022 and 2021, respectively, of which $13,234,000 and $9,718,000, at June 30, 2022 and 2021 were outside of our primary market area. These participation loans are secured by real estate and other business assets. The following tables present the balance in the allowance for loan losses and the recorded investment in loans based on portfolio segment and impairment method as of June 30, 2022 and 2021: 2022 Real Estate Loans One- to four- Multi-family Commercial Home Equity Allowance for loan losses: Balance, beginning of year $ 967 $ 1,674 $ 1,831 $ 67 Provision charged to expense 100 (299 ) 154 3 Losses charged off (40 ) — — — Recoveries 1 — — — Balance, end of period $ 1,028 $ 1,375 $ 1,985 $ 70 Ending balance: individually evaluated for impairment $ — $ — $ — $ — Ending balance: collectively evaluated for impairment $ 1,028 $ 1,375 $ 1,985 $ 70 Loans: Ending balance $ 132,474 $ 88,247 $ 167,375 $ 6,987 Ending balance: individually evaluated for impairment $ 1,350 $ — $ — $ — Ending balance: collectively evaluated for impairment $ 131,124 $ 88,247 $ 167,375 $ 6,987 2022 (Continued) Construction Commercial Consumer Total Allowance for loan losses: Balance, beginning of year $ 258 $ 1,740 $ 62 $ 6,599 Provision charged to expense 231 265 38 492 Losses charged off — — (27 ) (67 ) Recoveries — 20 7 28 Balance, end of year $ 489 $ 2,025 $ 80 $ 7,052 Ending balance: individually evaluated for impairment $ — $ — $ — $ — Ending balance: collectively evaluated for impairment $ 489 $ 2,025 $ 80 $ 7,052 Loans: Ending balance $ 41,254 $ 80,418 $ 8,981 $ 525,736 Ending balance: individually evaluated for impairment $ — $ 35 $ — $ 1,385 Ending balance: collectively evaluated for impairment $ 41,254 $ 80,383 $ 8,981 $ 524,351 2021 Real Estate Loans One- Multi-family Commercial Home Equity Allowance for loan losses: Balance, beginning of year $ 1,044 $ 1,514 $ 1,706 $ 87 Provision charged to expense (64 ) 160 125 (20 ) Losses charged off (15 ) — — — Recoveries 2 — — — Balance, end of period $ 967 $ 1,674 $ 1,831 $ 67 Ending balance: individually evaluated for impairment $ — $ — $ — $ — Ending balance: collectively evaluated for impairment $ 967 $ 1,674 $ 1,831 $ 67 Loans: Ending balance $ 117,435 $ 104,433 $ 155,884 $ 6,688 Ending balance: individually evaluated for impairment $ 1,252 $ — $ — $ — Ending balance: collectively evaluated for impairment $ 116,183 $ 104,433 $ 155,884 $ 6,688 2021 (Continued) Construction Commercial Consumer Total Allowance for loan losses: Balance, beginning of year $ 240 $ 1,583 $ 60 $ 6,234 Provision charged to expense 18 611 14 844 Losses charged off — (473 ) (25 ) (513 ) Recoveries — 19 13 34 Balance, end of year $ 258 $ 1,740 $ 62 $ 6,599 Ending balance: individually evaluated for impairment $ — $ — $ — $ — Ending balance: collectively evaluated for impairment $ 258 $ 1,740 $ 62 $ 6,599 Loans: Ending balance $ 25,345 $ 103,088 $ 7,653 $ 520,526 Ending balance: individually evaluated for impairment $ — $ 46 $ — $ 1,298 Ending balance: collectively evaluated for impairment $ 25,345 $ 103,042 $ 7,653 $ 519,228 Management’s opinion as to the ultimate collectability of loans is subject to estimates regarding future cash flows from operations and the value of property, real and personal, pledged as collateral. These estimates are affected by changing economic conditions and the economic prospects of borrowers. Allowance for Loan Losses The allowance for loan losses represents an estimate of the amount of losses believed inherent in our loan portfolio at the balance sheet date. The allowance calculation involves a high degree of estimation that management attempts to mitigate through the use of objective historical data where available. Loan losses are charged against the allowance for loan losses when management believes that the loan balance is confirmed as uncollectible. Subsequent recoveries, if any, are credited to the allowance. Overall, we believe the reserve to be consistent with prior periods and adequate to cover the estimated losses in our loan portfolio. The Company’s methodology for assessing the appropriateness of the allowance for loan losses consists of two key elements: (1) specific allowances for estimated credit losses on individual loans that are determined to be impaired through the Company’s review for identified problem loans; and (2) a general allowance based on estimated credit losses inherent in the remainder of the loan portfolio. The specific allowance is measured by determining the present value of expected cash flows, the loan’s observable market value, or for collateral-dependent loans, the fair value of the collateral adjusted for market conditions and selling expense. Factors used in identifying a specific problem loan include: (1) the strength of the customer’s personal or business cash flows; (2) the availability of other sources of repayment; (3) the amount due or past due; (4) the type and value of collateral; (5) the strength of the collateral position; (6) the estimated cost to sell the collateral; and (7) the borrower’s effort to cure the delinquency. In addition for loans secured by real estate, the Company also considers the extent of any past due and unpaid property taxes applicable to the property serving as collateral on the mortgage. The Company establishes a general allowance for loans that are not deemed impaired to recognize the inherent losses associated with lending activities, but which, unlike specific allowances, has not been allocated to particular problem assets. The general valuation allowance is determined by segregating the loans by loan category and assigning allowance percentages based on the Company’s historical loss experience, delinquency trends, and management’s evaluation of the collectability of the loan portfolio. In certain instances, the historical loss experience could be adjusted if similar risks are not inherent in the remaining portfolio. The allowance is then adjusted for qualitative factors that, in management’s judgment, affect the collectability of the portfolio as of the evaluation date. These qualitative factors may include: (1) Management’s assumptions regarding the minimal level of risk for a given loan category; (2) changes in lending policies and procedures, including changes in underwriting standards, and charge-off volume of the portfolio and in the terms of loans; (5) changes in the experience, ability, and depth of the lending officers and other relevant staff; (6) changes in the volume and severity of past due loans, the volume of non-accrual re-evaluated Although the Company’s policy allows for a general valuation allowance on certain smaller-balance, homogenous pools of loans classified as substandard, the Company has historically evaluated every loan classified as substandard, regardless of size, for impairment as part of the review for establishing specific allowances. The Company’s policy also allows for general valuation allowance on certain smaller-balance, homogenous pools of loans which are loans criticized as special mention or watch. A separate general allowance calculation is made on these loans based on historical measured weakness, and which is no less than twice the amount of the general allowance calculated on the non-classified There have been no changes to the Company’s accounting policies or methodology from the prior periods. Credit Quality Indicators The Company categorizes loans into risk categories based on relevant information about the ability of borrowers to service their debt such as current financial information, historical payment experience, credit documentation, public information and current economic trends, among other factors. All loans are graded at inception of the loan. Subsequently, analyses are performed on an annual basis and grade changes are made as necessary. Interim grade reviews may take place if circumstances of the borrower warrant a more timely review. The Company utilizes an internal asset classification system as a means of reporting problem and potential problem loans. Under the Company’s risk rating system, the Company classifies problem and potential problem loans as “Watch,” “Substandard,” “Doubtful,” and “Loss.” The Company uses the following definitions for risk ratings: Pass – Watch – Substandard – Doubtful – Loss – charged-off. Risk characteristics applicable to each segment of the loan portfolio are described as follows. Residential One- one- one- Commercial and Multi-family Real Estate: Construction Real Estate: Commercial: Consumer: The following tables present the credit risk profile of the Company’s loan portfolio, as of June 30, 2022 and 2021, based on rating category and payment activity: Real Estate Loans June 30, 2022 One- Multi-family Commercial Home Equity Construction Pass $ 130,950 $ 87,993 $ 164,424 $ 6,987 $ 41,254 Watch — — — — — Substandard 1,524 254 2,951 — — Doubtful — — — — — Loss — — — — — Total $ 132,474 $ 88,247 $ 167,375 $ 6,987 $ 41,254 June 30, 2022, (Continued) Commercial Consumer Total Pass $ 73,226 $ 8,970 $ 513,804 Watch — — — Substandard 7,192 11 11,932 Doubtful — — — Loss — — — Total $ 80,418 $ 8,981 $ 525,736 Real Estate Loans June 30, 2021 One- Multi- Commercial Home Equity Construction Pass $ 116,980 $ 104,170 $ 154,833 $ 6,688 $ 25,345 Watch — — 954 — — Substandard 455 263 97 — — Doubtful — — — — — Loss — — — — — Total $ 117,435 $ 104,433 $ 155,884 $ 6,688 $ 25,345 June 30, 2021, (Continued) Commercial Consumer Total Pass $ 97,078 $ 7,652 $ 512,746 Watch 5,964 1 6,919 Substandard 46 — 861 Doubtful — — — Loss — — — Total $ 103,088 $ 7,653 $ 520,526 The following tables present the Company’s loan portfolio aging analysis as of June 30, 2022 and 2021: 30-59 Days 60-89 Days Past Due Greater Than Total Past Due Current Total Loans Total Loans > June 30, 2022 Real estate loans: One- $ 374 $ 144 $ 1,174 $ 1,692 $ 130,782 $ 132,474 $ 47 Multi-family — — — — 88,247 88,247 — Commercial — — — — 167,375 167,375 — Home equity lines of credit — — — — 6,987 6,987 — Construction — — — — 41,254 41,254 — Commercial — — — — 80,418 80,418 — Consumer 78 21 — 99 8,882 8,981 — Total $ 452 $ 165 $ 1,174 $ 1,791 $ 523,945 $ 525,736 $ 47 June 30, 2021 Real estate loans: One- $ 320 $ 52 $ 152 $ 524 $ 116,911 $ 117,435 $ 118 Multi-family — — — — 104,433 104,433 — Commercial 86 — — 86 155,798 155,884 — Home equity lines of credit 55 — — 55 6,633 6,688 — Construction — — — — 25,345 25,345 — Commercial 9 — — 9 103,079 103,088 — Consumer 6 — — 6 7,647 7,653 — Total $ 476 $ 52 $ 152 $ 680 $ 519,846 $ 520,526 $ 118 A loan is considered impaired, in accordance with the impairment accounting guidance (ASC 310-10-35-16), case-by-case Impairment is measured on a loan-by-loan The Company actively seeks to reduce its investment in impaired loans. The primary tools to work through impaired loans are settlement with the borrowers or guarantors, foreclosure of the underlying collateral, or restructuring. Included in certain loan categories in the impaired loans are $998,000 in troubled debt restructurings that were classified as impaired. The following tables present impaired loans for year ended June 30, 2022 and 2021: June 30, 2022 Recorded Unpaid Specific Average Interest Interest on Loans without a specific allowance: Real estate loans: One- $ 1,350 $ 1,350 $ — $ 1,361 $ 15 $ 13 Multi-family — — — — — — Commercial — — — — — — Home equity lines of credit — — — — — — Construction — — — — — — Commercial 35 35 — 40 4 4 Consumer — — — — — — Loans with a specific allowance: Real estate loans: One- $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — Multi-family — — — — — — Commercial — — — — — — Home equity lines of credit — — — — — — Construction — — — — — — Commercial — — — — — — Consumer — — — — — — Total: Real estate loans: One- $ 1,350 $ 1,350 $ — $ 1,361 $ 15 $ 13 Multi-family — — — — — — Commercial — — — — — — Home equity lines of credit — — — — — — Construction — — — — — — Commercial 35 35 — 40 4 4 Consumer — — — — — — Total $ 1,385 $ 1,385 $ — $ 1,401 $ 19 $ 17 June 30, 2021 Recorded Unpaid Specific Average Interest Interest on Loans without a specific allowance: Real estate loans: One- $ 1,252 $ 1,252 $ — $ 1,271 $ 67 $ 50 Multi-family — — — — — — Commercial — — — — — — Home equity lines of credit — — — — — — Construction — — — — — — Commercial 46 46 — 265 19 23 Consumer — — — — — — Loans with a specific allowance: Real estate loans: One- $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — Multi-family — — — — — — Commercial — — — — — — Home equity lines of credit — — — — — — Construction — — — — — — Commercial — — — — — — Consumer — — — — — — Total: Real estate loans: One- $ 1,252 $ 1,252 $ — $ 1,271 $ 67 $ 50 Multi-family — — — — — — Commercial — — — — — — Home equity lines of credit — — — — — — Construction — — — — — — Commercial 46 46 — 265 19 23 Consumer — — — — — — Total $ 1,298 $ 1,298 $ — $ 1,536 $ 86 $ 73 Interest income recognized on impaired loans includes interest accrued and collected on the outstanding balances of accruing impaired loans as well as interest cash collections on non-accruing The following table presents the Company’s nonaccrual loans at June 30, 2022 and 2021: 2022 2021 Real estate loans One- $ 1,127 $ 34 Multi-family — — Commercial — — Home equity lines of credit — — Construction — — Commercial — — Consumer — — Total $ 1,127 $ 34 At June 30, 2022 and 2021, the Company had a number of loans that were modified in troubled debt restructurings (TDR’s) and impaired. The modification of terms of such loans included one or a combination of the following: an extension of maturity, a reduction of the stated interest rate or a permanent reduction of the recorded investment in the loan. The following table presents the recorded balance, at original cost, of troubled debt restructurings, as of June 30, 2022 and 2021. All were performing according to the terms of the restructuring as of June 30, 2022, and with the exception of a single one- June 30, 2022 June 30, 2021 Real estate loans One- $ 962 $ 1,218 Multi-family — — Commercial — — Home equity lines of credit — — Total real estate loans 962 1,218 Construction — — Commercial 36 46 Consumer — — Total $ 998 $ 1,264 2022 Modifications During the year ended June 30, 2022, one previously modified TDR was modified a second time to amortize for full payment by original maturity. 2021 Modifications During the year ended June 30, 2021, the Company did not modify any loans. COVID-19 Under the Coronavirus Aid, Relief, and Economic Security Act (CARES Act) that was signed into law on March 27, 2020, certain COVID-19 COVID-19; COVID-19 TDRs with Defaults The Company had no TDRs in default and no restructured loans in foreclosure as of June 30, 2022. The Company had one TDR, a one- Specific loss allowances are included in the calculation of estimated future loss ratios, which are applied to the various loan portfolios for purposes of estimating future losses. Management considers the level of defaults within the various portfolios, as well as the current adverse economic environment and negative outlook in the real estate and collateral markets when evaluating qualitative adjustments used to determine the adequacy of the allowance for loan losses. We believe the qualitative adjustments more accurately reflect collateral values in light of the sales and economic conditions that we have recently observed. We may obtain physical possession of real estate collateralizing a residential mortgage loan or home equity loan via foreclosure or in-substance |