(Policies) | 12 Months Ended |
Dec. 31, 2013 |
Fair Value of Financial Assets [Abstract] | ' |
Basis of Presentation and Significant Accounting Policies [Text Block] | ' |
Basis of Presentation and Consolidation |
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The consolidated financial statements of the Company are prepared in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles ("GAAP"). Our consolidated financial statements include the accounts of our wholly-owned taxable REIT subsidiaries, American Capital Mortgage Investment TRS, LLC and RCS. Significant intercompany accounts and transactions have been eliminated. |
Use of Estimates, Policy [Policy Text Block] | ' |
Use of Estimates |
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The preparation of financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities, disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and revenues and expenses during the period reported. Actual results could differ from those estimates. |
Earnings Per Share, Policy [Policy Text Block] | ' |
Earnings per Share |
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Basic earnings per share ("EPS") is computed by dividing net income by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding during the period. Diluted EPS assumes the conversion, exercise or issuance of all potential common stock equivalents unless the effect is to reduce a loss or increase the income per share. |
Cash and Cash Equivalents, Policy [Policy Text Block] | ' |
Cash and Cash Equivalents |
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Cash and cash equivalents consist of unrestricted demand deposits and highly liquid investments with original maturities of three months or less. Cash and cash equivalents are carried at cost, which approximates fair value. |
Cash and Cash Equivalents, Restricted Cash and Cash Equivalents, Policy [Policy Text Block] | ' |
Restricted Cash and Cash Equivalents |
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Restricted cash includes cash pledged as collateral for clearing and executing trades, interest rate swaps and repurchase agreements. Restricted cash is carried at cost, which approximates fair value. |
Fair Value of Financial Instruments, Policy | ' |
Fair Value of Financial Assets |
We have elected the option to account for all of our financial assets, including all mortgage-related investments, at estimated fair value, with changes in fair value reflected in income during the period in which they occur. In management's view, this election more appropriately reflects the results of our operations for a particular reporting period, as financial asset fair value changes are presented in a manner consistent with the presentation and timing of the fair value changes of economic hedging instruments. See Note 8 - Fair Value Measurements. |
Interest Income | ' |
Interest Income |
Interest income is accrued based on the outstanding principal amount of the securities and their contractual terms. Premiums or discounts associated with the purchase of agency RMBS and non-agency RMBS of high credit quality are amortized or accreted into interest income, respectively, over the projected lives of the securities, including contractual payments and estimated prepayments, using the effective interest method. |
We estimate long-term prepayment speeds using a third-party service and market data. The third-party service estimates prepayment speeds for our securities using models that incorporate the mortgage rates, age, size and loan-to-value ratios of the outstanding underlying loans, as well as current mortgage rates, forward yield curves, volatility and other factors. We review the prepayment speeds estimated by the third-party service and compare the results to market consensus prepayment speeds, if available. We also consider historical prepayment speeds and current market conditions to validate the reasonableness of the prepayment speeds estimated by the third-party service, and based on our Manager’s judgment, we may make adjustments to its estimates. Actual and anticipated prepayment experience is reviewed at least quarterly and effective yields are recalculated when differences arise between the previously estimated future prepayments and the amounts actually received plus currently anticipated future prepayments. If the actual and anticipated future prepayment experience differs from our prior estimate of prepayments, we are required to record an adjustment in the current period to the amortization or accretion of premiums and discounts for the cumulative difference in the effective yield through the reporting date. |
At the time we purchase non-agency RMBS and loans that are not of high credit quality, we determine an effective yield based on our estimate of the timing and amount of future cash flows and our cost basis. Our initial cash flow estimates for these investments are based on our observations of current information and events and include assumptions related to interest rates, prepayment rates and the timing and amount of credit losses. On at least a quarterly basis, we review the estimated cash flows and make appropriate adjustments, based on input and analysis received from external sources, internal models, and our judgment about interest rates, prepayment rates, the timing and amount of credit losses, and other factors. Any resulting changes in effective yield are recognized prospectively based on the current amortized cost of the investment as adjusted for credit impairment, if any. |
Transfers and Servicing of Financial Assets, Servicing of Financial Assets, Policy [Policy Text Block] | ' |
Mortgage Servicing Rights, at Fair Value |
The Company’s MSR represent the right to service mortgage loans in return for a servicing fee. The Company may be obligated to fund advances of principal and interest payments due to third-party owners of the loans, but not yet received from the individual borrowers. These advances are reported as servicing advances within the other assets line item on the consolidated balance sheets. |
MSR are reported at fair value within the other assets line item on the consolidated balance sheets. Changes in the fair value of MSR as well as servicing fee income are reported within servicing and other income on the consolidated statements of operations. The related servicing expenses are recorded in servicing and other operating expenses on the consolidated statements of operations. See Note 9 - Other Assets for further discussion on MSR. |
The accounting model used to evaluate whether a transfer of MSR qualifies as a sale is based on a risks and rewards approach, as MSR are not financial assets. In certain cases where we transfer the economics of MSR while retaining the actual servicing function for adequate compensation, we retain the risk associated with servicing and, as a result, the transfer does not qualify for sale accounting. As such, we retain the MSR, together with an offsetting financing liability on our consolidated balance sheets. We have elected the option to account any MSR financing liabilities at estimated fair value, with changes in fair value reflected in income during the period in which they occur. See Note 10 - Accounts Payable and Other Accrued Liabilities for the presentations of our mortgage servicing liability. |
Marketable Securities, Policy [Policy Text Block] | ' |
REIT Equity Securities, at Fair Value |
REIT equity securities represent investments in the common stock of other publicly traded mortgage REITs that invest predominately in agency RMBS. We designate our investments in REIT equity securities as trading securities and report them at fair value on the accompanying consolidated balance sheets with changes in fair value recorded in unrealized gain (loss) on other derivatives and securities, net on the accompanying consolidated statements of operations. Dividend income from REIT equity securities is recorded in realized gain (loss) on other derivatives and securities, net. |
Repurchase Agreements, Valuation | ' |
Repurchase Agreements |
We finance the acquisition of agency RMBS and certain non-agency RMBS for our investment portfolio through repurchase transactions under master repurchase agreements. We account for repurchase transactions, other than those treated as Linked Transactions (see Derivatives below), as collateralized financing transactions which are carried at their contractual amounts, including accrued interest, as specified in the respective transaction agreements. The contractual amounts approximate fair value due to their short-term nature. |
Repurchase and Resale Agreements Policy [Policy Text Block] | ' |
Reverse Repurchase Agreements and Obligation to Return Securities Borrowed under Reverse Repurchase Agreements |
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We from time to time borrow securities to cover short sales of U.S. Treasury securities through reverse repurchase transactions under our master repurchase agreements (see Derivatives Instruments below). We account for these as securities borrowing transactions and recognize an obligation to return the borrowed securities at fair value on the balance sheet based on the value of the underlying borrowed securities as of the reporting date. Our reverse repurchase agreements generally mature daily. The fair value of our reverse repurchase agreements is assumed to equal cost as the interest rates are reset daily. |
Management and Investment Advisory Fees, Policy [Policy Text Block] | ' |
Manager Compensation |
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The management agreement provides for the payment to our Manager of a management fee and reimbursement of certain operating expenses, which are accrued and expensed during the period for which they are earned or incurred. Refer to Note 11 for disclosure on the terms of the management agreement. |
Derivatives | ' |
Derivatives |
We maintain a risk management strategy, under which we may use a variety of derivative instruments to hedge some of our exposure to market risks, including interest rate risk, prepayment risk, extension risk and credit risk. The objective of our risk management strategy is to reduce fluctuations in net book value over a range of market conditions. The principal instruments that we currently use are interest rate swaps and options to enter into interest rate swaps ("interest rate swaptions"). We also utilize forward contracts for the purchase or sale of agency RMBS, or to-be-announced forward ("TBA") contracts, and short sales of U.S. Treasury securities and U.S. Treasury futures contracts. We may also purchase or write put or call options on TBA securities and we may invest in other types of mortgage derivatives, such as synthetic total return swaps. |
We also enter into TBA contracts as a means of investing in and financing agency RMBS (thereby increasing our "at |
risk" leverage) or as a means of disposing of or reducing our exposure to agency RMBS (thereby reducing our "at risk" leverage). Pursuant to TBA contracts, we agree to purchase or sell, for future delivery, agency RMBS with certain principal and interest terms and certain types of collateral, but the particular agency RMBS to be delivered are not identified until shortly before the TBA settlement date. We also may choose, prior to settlement, to move the settlement of these securities out to a later date by entering into an offsetting short or long position (referred to as a "pair off"), net settling the paired off positions for cash, and simultaneously purchasing or selling a similar TBA contract for a later settlement date. This transaction is commonly referred to as a "dollar roll." The agency RMBS purchased or sold for a forward settlement date are typically priced at a discount to agency RMBS for settlement in the current month. This difference (or discount) is referred to as the "price drop." The price drop is the economic equivalent of net interest carry income on the underlying agency RMBS over the roll period (interest income less implied financing cost) and is commonly referred to as "dollar roll income (loss)." Consequently, forward purchases of agency RMBS and dollar roll transactions represent a form of off-balance sheet financing. |
We recognize all derivative instruments as either assets or liabilities on the balance sheets, measured at fair value. As we have not designated any derivatives as hedging instruments, all changes in fair value are reported in earnings in our consolidated statements of operations in unrealized gain (loss) on other derivatives and securities, net during the period in which they occur. Derivatives in a gain position are reported as derivative assets at fair value and derivatives in a loss position are reported as derivative liabilities at fair value in our consolidated balance sheets. Cash receipts and payments related to derivative instruments are classified in our consolidated statements of cash flows according to the underlying nature or purpose of the derivative transaction, generally in the investing section. |
Our derivative agreements generally contain provisions that allow for netting or setting off derivative assets and liabilities with each counterparty; however, we report related assets and liabilities on a gross basis in our consolidated balance sheets. |
The use of derivatives creates exposure to credit risk relating to potential losses that could be recognized in the event that the counterparties to these instruments fail to perform their obligations under the contracts. We attempt to minimize this risk by limiting our counterparties to major financial institutions with acceptable credit ratings, monitoring positions with individual counterparties and adjusting posted collateral as required. |
Interest rate swap agreements |
We use interest rate swaps to hedge the variable cash flows associated with short-term borrowings made under our repurchase agreement facilities. Under our interest rate swap agreements, we typically pay a fixed rate and receive a floating rate based on one, three or six-month LIBOR ("payer swaps") with terms up to 15 years. The floating rate we receive under our swap agreements has the effect of offsetting the repricing characteristics of our repurchase agreements and cash flows on such liabilities. Our swap agreements are privately negotiated in the over-the-counter ("OTC") market and may be centrally cleared through a registered commodities exchange ("centrally cleared swaps"). |
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We estimate the fair value of our centrally cleared interest rate swaps using the daily settlement price determined by the respective exchange. Centrally cleared swaps are valued by the exchange using a pricing model that references the underlying rates, including the overnight index swap rate and LIBOR forward rate, to produce the daily settlement price. |
We estimate the fair value of our "non-centrally cleared" swaps using a combination of inputs from counterparty and third-party pricing models to estimate the net present value of the future cash flows using a forward yield curve in effect as of the end of the measurement period. We also incorporate both our own and our counterparties’ nonperformance risk in estimating the fair value of our interest rate swaps. In considering the effect of nonperformance risk, we consider the impact of netting and credit enhancements, such as collateral postings and guarantees, and have concluded that our own and our counterparty risk is not significant to the overall valuation of these agreements. |
The payment of periodic settlements of net interest on interest rate swaps are reported in realized loss on periodic settlements of interest rate swaps, net in our consolidated statements of operations. Cash payments received or paid for the early termination of an interest rate swap agreement are recorded as realized gain (loss) on other derivatives and securities, net in our consolidated statements of operations. Changes in fair value of our interest rate swap agreements are reported in unrealized gain (loss) on other derivatives and securities, net in our consolidated statements of operations. |
Interest rate swaptions |
We purchase interest rate swaptions to help mitigate the potential impact of larger increases or decreases in interest rates on the performance of our investment portfolio. The interest rate swaptions provide us the option to enter into an interest rate swap agreement for a predetermined notional amount, stated term and pay or receive interest rates in the future. The premium paid for interest rate swaptions is reported as a derivative asset in our consolidated balance sheets. We estimate the fair value of interest rate swaptions based on the fair value of the future interest rate swap that we have the option to enter into as well as the remaining length of time that we have to exercise the option. The difference between the premium and the fair value of the swaption is reported in unrealized gain (loss) on other derivatives and securities, net in our consolidated statements of operations. If a swaption expires unexercised, the realized loss on the swaption would be equal to the premium paid and reported in realized gain (loss) on other derivatives and securities, net in our consolidated statements of operations. If we exercise a swaption, the realized gain or loss on the swaption would be equal to the difference between the fair value of the underlying interest rate swap and the premium paid and reported in realized gain (loss) on other derivatives and securities, net in our consolidated statements of operations. |
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Interest rate swaption agreements are privately negotiated in the OTC market and are not subject to central clearing. We estimate the fair value of interest rate swaptions using a combination of inputs from counterparty and third-party pricing models based on the fair value of the future interest rate swap that we have the option to enter into as well as the remaining length of time that we have to exercise the option, adjusted for non-performance risk, if any. |
TBA securities |
A TBA security is a forward contract for the purchase ("long position") or sale ("short position") of agency RMBS at a predetermined price, face amount, issuer, coupon and stated maturity on an agreed-upon future date. The specific agency RMBS delivered into the contract upon the settlement date, published each month by the Securities Industry and Financial Markets Association, are not known at the time of the transaction. We may enter into TBA contracts as a means of hedging against short-term changes in interest rates. We may also enter into TBA contracts as a means of acquiring or disposing of agency RMBS and we may from time to time utilize TBA dollar roll transactions to finance agency RMBS purchases. |
We account for TBA contracts as derivatives since we cannot assert that it is probable at the inception and throughout the term of the contract that it will not settle net and will result in physical delivery of an agency security when it is issued. A TBA dollar roll transaction is a series of derivative transactions. The net settlement of a TBA contract is reported as realized gain (loss) on other derivatives and securities, net and changes in the fair value of our TBA contracts are reported as unrealized gain (loss) on other derivatives and securities, net in our consolidated statements of operations. |
We estimate the fair value of TBA securities based on similar methods used to value our agency RMBS. |
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Linked Transactions |
If we finance the purchase of securities with repurchase agreements with the same counterparty from whom the securities are purchased and both transactions are entered into contemporaneously or in contemplation of each other, the transactions are presumed not to meet sale accounting criteria. We will account for the purchase of such securities and the repurchase agreement on a net basis and record a forward purchase commitment to purchase securities (each, a "Linked Transaction") at fair value on our consolidated balance sheets in the line item Linked Transactions, at fair value. Changes in the fair value of the assets and liabilities underlying the Linked Transactions and associated interest income and expense are reported as unrealized gain and net interest income on Linked Transactions, net on our consolidated statements of operations. If we subsequently finance the securities in a Linked Transaction with a different counterparty, we will regard it as an acquisition of a security and the repurchase financing as a collateralized financing transaction. |
Forward commitments to purchase or sell specified securities |
We may enter into a forward commitment to purchase or sell specified securities as a means of acquiring assets or as a hedge against short-term changes in interest rates. Such forward commitments usually require physical settlement. Contracts for the purchase or sale of specified securities are accounted for as derivatives if the delivery of the specified agency RMBS and settlement extends beyond established market conventions. Realized gains and losses associated with forward commitments are recognized in the line item realized gain (loss) on other derivatives and securities, net and unrealized gains and losses are recognized in unrealized gain (loss) on other derivatives and securities, net on our consolidated statements of operations. |
We estimate the fair value of forward commitments to purchase or sell specified RMBS based on methods used to value our RMBS, as well as the remaining length of time of the forward commitment. |
U.S. Treasury securities |
We purchase or sell short U.S. Treasury securities and U.S. Treasury futures contracts to help mitigate the potential impact of changes in interest rates on the performance of our portfolio. Realized gains and losses associated with purchases and short sales of U.S. Treasury securities and U.S. Treasury futures contracts are recognized in realized gain (loss) on other derivatives and securities, net, and unrealized gains and losses are recognized in unrealized gain (loss) on other derivatives and securities, net on our consolidated statements of operations. |
Income Tax, Policy [Policy Text Block] | ' |
Income Taxes |
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We have elected to be taxed as a REIT under the provisions of the Internal Revenue Code. In order to qualify as a REIT, we must annually distribute, in a timely manner to our stockholders, at least 90% of our taxable ordinary income. A REIT is not subject to tax on its earnings to the extent that it distributes its annual taxable income to its stockholders and as long as certain asset, income and stock ownership tests are met. We operate in a manner that will allow us to be taxed as a REIT. As permitted by the Internal Revenue Code, a REIT can designate dividends paid in the subsequent year as dividends of the current year if those dividends are both declared by the extended due date of the REIT's Federal income tax return and paid to stockholders by the last day of the subsequent year. |
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As a REIT, if we fail to distribute in any calendar year at least the sum of (i) 85% of our ordinary income for such year, (ii) 95% of our capital gain net income for such year and (iii) any undistributed taxable income from the prior year, we would be subject to a non-deductible 4% excise tax on the excess of such required distribution over the sum of (a) the amounts actually distributed and (b) the amounts of income we retained and on which we have paid corporate income tax. Dividends declared by December 31 and paid by January 31 are treated as having been a distribution of our taxable income for the prior tax year. |
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We and two of our domestic subsidiaries, American Capital Mortgage Investment TRS, LLC and Residential Credit Solutions, Inc., have made joint elections to treat the subsidiaries as taxable REIT subsidiaries. As such, American Capital Mortgage Investment TRS, LLC and Residential Credit Solutions, Inc. are subject to Federal, state and, if applicable, local income tax. |
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We evaluate uncertain income tax positions, if any, in accordance with ASC Topic 740, Income Taxes ("ASC 740"). To the extent we incur interest and/or penalties in connection with our tax obligations, such amounts shall be classified as income tax expense on our consolidated statements of operations |
Reclassification, Policy [Policy Text Block] | ' |
Reclassifications |
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Certain prior period amounts in the consolidated financial statements have been reclassified to conform to the current period presentation. |
Comparability of Prior Year Financial Data, Policy [Policy Text Block] | ' |
Comparative Period Statement of Cash Flows |
The Company removed non-cash components from two line items within the investing section of the previously reported consolidated statement of cash flows for the year ended December 31, 2012, with the effect of decreasing cash used for "purchases of agency securities" and an offsetting decrease in cash flows from "principal collection of agency securities."Â These revisions do not affect the amounts previously reported as net cash provided by or used in operating activities, investing activities or financing activities, or the net change in cash and cash equivalents for any period and have no effect on the consolidated balance sheets or statements of operations or net asset value for any period. While the Company has concluded the revisions are not material to the previously reported financial statements, the Company has elected to revise its previously issued statement of cash flows for the year ended December 31, 2012 in this and future reports. |