UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
FORM 10-Q
þ | QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 |
For the quarterly period ended September 30, 2013
OR
¨ | TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 |
For the transition period from to
Commission File Number: 333-185443
________________________________________________________________________
Aleris Corporation
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)
________________________________________________________________________
Delaware | 27-1539594 | |
(State or other jurisdiction of Incorporation or Organization) | (I.R.S. Employer Identification No.) | |
25825 Science Park Drive, Suite 400 Cleveland, Ohio 44122-7392 | ||
(Address of principal executive offices) (Zip Code) |
(216) 910-3400
(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)
________________________________________________________________________
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes ¨ No þ
(Note: Registrant is a voluntary filer of reports required to be filed by certain companies under Sections 13 and 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 and has filed all reports that would have been required during the preceding 12 months, had it been subject to such filing requirements.)
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate Web site, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files). Yes þ No ¨
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, or a smaller reporting company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer” and “smaller reporting company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.
Large accelerated filer | ¨ | Accelerated filer | ¨ | |
Non-accelerated filer | þ | (Do not check if smaller reporting company) | Smaller reporting company | ¨ |
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes ¨ No þ
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has filed all documents and reports required to be filed by Sections 12, 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 subsequent to the distribution of securities under a plan confirmed by a court. Yes þ No¨
There were 31,216,263 shares of the registrant’s common stock, par value $0.01 per share, outstanding as of September 30, 2013.
ALERIS CORPORATION
QUARTERLY REPORT ON FORM 10-Q
September 30, 2013
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Page No. | ||
PART I – FINANCIAL INFORMATION | ||
Item 1. | Financial Statements: | |
Consolidated Balance Sheet (Unaudited) as of September 30, 2013 and December 31, 2012 | ||
Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income (Unaudited) for the Three and Nine Months Ended September 30, 2013 and 2012 | ||
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows (Unaudited) for the Nine Months Ended September 30, 2013 and 2012 | ||
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited) | ||
Item 2. | Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations | |
Item 3. | Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk | |
Item 4. | Controls and Procedures | |
PART II – OTHER INFORMATION | ||
Item 1. | Legal Proceedings | |
Item 1A. | Risk Factors | |
Item 2. | Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds | |
Item 3. | Defaults Upon Senior Securities | |
Item 4. | Mine Safety Disclosures | |
Item 5. | Other Information | |
Item 6. | Exhibits | |
Signatures |
2
PART I - FINANCIAL INFORMATION
Item 1. Financial Statements.
ALERIS CORPORATION
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEET
(UNAUDITED)
(in millions, except share and per share data)
ASSETS | September 30, 2013 | December 31, 2012 | ||||||
Current Assets | ||||||||
Cash and cash equivalents | $ | 71.3 | $ | 592.9 | ||||
Accounts receivable (net of allowances of $11.7 and $8.1 at September 30, 2013 and December 31, 2012, respectively) | 456.7 | 384.0 | ||||||
Inventories | 724.3 | 683.4 | ||||||
Deferred income taxes | 12.9 | 12.9 | ||||||
Prepaid expenses and other current assets | 25.4 | 26.3 | ||||||
Total Current Assets | 1,290.6 | 1,699.5 | ||||||
Property, plant and equipment, net | 1,128.4 | 1,077.0 | ||||||
Intangible assets, net | 44.0 | 45.6 | ||||||
Deferred income taxes | 36.8 | 36.8 | ||||||
Other long-term assets | 66.8 | 59.3 | ||||||
Total Assets | $ | 2,566.6 | $ | 2,918.2 | ||||
LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY | ||||||||
Current Liabilities | ||||||||
Accounts payable | $ | 359.5 | $ | 341.2 | ||||
Accrued liabilities | 217.3 | 302.4 | ||||||
Deferred income taxes | 12.0 | 12.0 | ||||||
Current portion of long-term debt | 12.9 | 9.0 | ||||||
Total Current Liabilities | 601.7 | 664.6 | ||||||
Long-term debt | 1,225.4 | 1,218.9 | ||||||
Deferred income taxes | 9.9 | 8.8 | ||||||
Accrued pension benefits | 255.3 | 258.2 | ||||||
Accrued postretirement benefits | 49.8 | 52.0 | ||||||
Other long-term liabilities | 75.0 | 75.9 | ||||||
Total Long-Term Liabilities | 1,615.4 | 1,613.8 | ||||||
Redeemable noncontrolling interest | 5.6 | 5.7 | ||||||
Stockholders’ Equity | ||||||||
Common stock; par value $.01; 45,000,000 shares authorized and 31,216,263 and 31,097,272 shares issued and outstanding at September 30, 2013 and December 31, 2012, respectively | 0.3 | 0.3 | ||||||
Preferred stock; par value $.01; 1,000,000 shares authorized; none issued | — | — | ||||||
Additional paid-in capital | 399.1 | 573.9 | ||||||
Retained (deficit) earnings | (18.5 | ) | 122.1 | |||||
Accumulated other comprehensive loss | (37.4 | ) | (62.4 | ) | ||||
Total Aleris Corporation Equity | 343.5 | 633.9 | ||||||
Noncontrolling interest | 0.4 | 0.2 | ||||||
Total Equity | 343.9 | 634.1 | ||||||
Total Liabilities and Equity | $ | 2,566.6 | $ | 2,918.2 |
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these unaudited consolidated financial statements.
3
ALERIS CORPORATION
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME
(UNAUDITED)
(in millions, except per share data)
For the three months ended | For the nine months ended | |||||||||||||||
September 30, | September 30, | |||||||||||||||
2013 | 2012 | 2013 | 2012 | |||||||||||||
Revenues | $ | 1,073.4 | $ | 1,081.0 | $ | 3,311.1 | $ | 3,392.2 | ||||||||
Cost of sales | 992.7 | 960.8 | 3,067.1 | 3,018.4 | ||||||||||||
Gross profit | 80.7 | 120.2 | 244.0 | 373.8 | ||||||||||||
Selling, general and administrative expenses | 56.4 | 66.5 | 176.4 | 195.0 | ||||||||||||
Restructuring charges | 1.0 | 0.6 | 11.4 | 1.1 | ||||||||||||
(Gains) losses on derivative financial instruments | (2.3 | ) | 1.3 | (21.4 | ) | 3.3 | ||||||||||
Other operating expense, net | 0.8 | 0.2 | 0.4 | 1.0 | ||||||||||||
Operating income | 24.8 | 51.6 | 77.2 | 173.4 | ||||||||||||
Interest expense, net | 26.2 | 10.7 | 71.8 | 33.8 | ||||||||||||
Other expense, net | 4.4 | 0.9 | 3.7 | 0.4 | ||||||||||||
(Loss) income before income taxes | (5.8 | ) | 40.0 | 1.7 | 139.2 | |||||||||||
Provision for income taxes | 1.3 | 7.5 | 9.0 | 25.6 | ||||||||||||
Net (loss) income | (7.1 | ) | 32.5 | (7.3 | ) | 113.6 | ||||||||||
Net income (loss) attributable to noncontrolling interest | 0.2 | (0.3 | ) | 0.8 | (0.9 | ) | ||||||||||
Net (loss) income attributable to Aleris Corporation | $ | (7.3 | ) | $ | 32.8 | $ | (8.1 | ) | $ | 114.5 | ||||||
Comprehensive income | $ | 23.3 | $ | 44.5 | $ | 17.7 | $ | 109.9 | ||||||||
Comprehensive income (loss) attributable to noncontrolling interest | 0.2 | (0.3 | ) | 0.8 | (1.0 | ) | ||||||||||
Comprehensive income attributable to Aleris Corporation | $ | 23.1 | $ | 44.8 | $ | 16.9 | $ | 110.9 | ||||||||
Net (loss) income available to common stockholders | $ | (7.4 | ) | $ | 30.2 | $ | (8.4 | ) | $ | 111.2 | ||||||
Basic (loss) earnings per share | $ | (0.24 | ) | $ | 0.97 | $ | (0.27 | ) | $ | 3.58 | ||||||
Diluted (loss) earnings per share | $ | (0.24 | ) | $ | 0.91 | $ | (0.27 | ) | $ | 3.33 | ||||||
Dividend declared per common share | $ | — | $ | — | $ | 10.00 | $ | — |
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these unaudited consolidated financial statements.
4
ALERIS CORPORATION
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
(UNAUDITED)
(in millions)
For the nine months ended | ||||||||
September 30, | ||||||||
2013 | 2012 | |||||||
Operating activities | ||||||||
Net (loss) income | $ | (7.3 | ) | $ | 113.6 | |||
Adjustments to reconcile net (loss) income to net cash (used) provided by operating activities: | ||||||||
Depreciation and amortization | 93.3 | 59.2 | ||||||
Provision for deferred income taxes | 1.1 | 8.3 | ||||||
Stock-based compensation expense | 11.2 | 8.1 | ||||||
Unrealized losses (gains) on derivative financial instruments | 2.9 | (3.2 | ) | |||||
Currency exchange losses on debt | 2.4 | 0.5 | ||||||
Amortization of debt issuance costs | 5.8 | 4.7 | ||||||
Other | (3.2 | ) | (1.1 | ) | ||||
Changes in operating assets and liabilities: | ||||||||
Change in accounts receivable | (68.1 | ) | (97.4 | ) | ||||
Change in inventories | (31.9 | ) | (41.5 | ) | ||||
Change in other assets | (12.9 | ) | (7.7 | ) | ||||
Change in accounts payable | 28.2 | 69.6 | ||||||
Change in accrued liabilities | (38.8 | ) | (21.1 | ) | ||||
Net cash (used) provided by operating activities | (17.3 | ) | 92.0 | |||||
Investing activities | ||||||||
Payments for property, plant and equipment | (182.8 | ) | (285.5 | ) | ||||
Purchase of a business | — | (21.5 | ) | |||||
Other | 1.3 | (0.2 | ) | |||||
Net cash used by investing activities | (181.5 | ) | (307.2 | ) | ||||
Financing activities | ||||||||
Proceeds from the ABL facility | 20.4 | — | ||||||
Payments on the ABL facility | (20.4 | ) | — | |||||
Proceeds from the Zhenjiang term loans | 0.2 | 88.5 | ||||||
Proceeds from the Zhenjiang revolver | 4.1 | — | ||||||
Net (payments on) proceeds from other long-term debt | (2.8 | ) | 2.0 | |||||
Redemption of noncontrolling interest | (8.9 | ) | — | |||||
Dividend paid | (313.0 | ) | — | |||||
Other | (3.9 | ) | (1.8 | ) | ||||
Net cash (used) provided by financing activities | (324.3 | ) | 88.7 | |||||
Effect of exchange rate differences on cash and cash equivalents | 1.5 | 0.9 | ||||||
Net decrease in cash and cash equivalents | (521.6 | ) | (125.6 | ) | ||||
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period | 592.9 | 231.4 | ||||||
Cash and cash equivalents at end of period | $ | 71.3 | $ | 105.8 |
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these unaudited consolidated financial statements.
5
ALERIS CORPORATION
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED)
(amounts in millions, except share and per share data)
1. BASIS OF PRESENTATION
The accompanying unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements have been prepared in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles for interim financial information. Accordingly, they do not include all of the information and footnotes required by generally accepted accounting principles in the United States for complete financial statements. In the opinion of management, all adjustments (consisting of normal recurring accruals) considered necessary for a fair presentation have been included. The operating results for interim periods contained herein are not necessarily indicative of the results that may be expected for any other interim period or for the full year. The accompanying Consolidated Financial Statements include the accounts of Aleris Corporation and all of its subsidiaries (collectively, except where the context otherwise requires, referred to as “Aleris,” “we,” “us,” “our,” “Company” or similar terms). Aleris Corporation is a holding company and currently conducts its business and operations through its direct wholly owned subsidiary, Aleris International, Inc. and its consolidated subsidiaries. Aleris International, Inc. is referred to herein as “Aleris International.”
2. INVENTORIES
The components of our “Inventories” as of September 30, 2013 and December 31, 2012 are as follows:
September 30, 2013 | December 31, 2012 | |||||||
Finished goods | $ | 198.1 | $ | 183.8 | ||||
Raw materials | 265.6 | 279.4 | ||||||
Work in process | 232.3 | 196.2 | ||||||
Supplies | 28.3 | 24.0 | ||||||
Total inventories | $ | 724.3 | $ | 683.4 |
3. LONG-TERM DEBT
Our debt as of September 30, 2013 and December 31, 2012 is summarized as follows:
September 30, 2013 | December 31, 2012 | |||||||
ABL facility | $ | — | $ | — | ||||
7 5/8% senior notes due 2018, net of discount of $6.2 and $7.3 at September 30, 2013 and December 31, 2012, respectively | 493.8 | 492.7 | ||||||
7 7/8% senior notes due 2020, net of discount of $7.7 and $8.6 at September 30, 2013 and December 31, 2012, respectively | 492.3 | 491.4 | ||||||
Exchangeable notes, net of discount of $0.7 and $0.8 at September 30, 2013 and December 31, 2012, respectively | 44.1 | 44.2 | ||||||
Zhenjiang term loans, net of discount of $1.1 and $1.3 at September 30, 2013 and December 31, 2012, respectively | 191.5 | 186.8 | ||||||
Zhenjiang revolver, net of discount of $0.2 at September 30, 2013 | 3.9 | — | ||||||
Other | 12.7 | 12.8 | ||||||
Total debt | 1,238.3 | 1,227.9 | ||||||
Less: Current portion of long-term debt | 12.9 | 9.0 | ||||||
Total long-term debt | $ | 1,225.4 | $ | 1,218.9 |
4. COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES
Environmental Proceedings
Our operations are subject to environmental laws and regulations governing air emissions, wastewater discharges, the handling, disposal and remediation of hazardous substances and wastes and employee health and safety. These laws can impose joint and several liabilities for releases or threatened releases of hazardous substances upon statutorily defined parties,
6
ALERIS CORPORATION
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED) - (CONTINUED)
(amounts in millions, except share and per share data)
including us, regardless of fault or the lawfulness of the original activity or disposal. Given the changing nature of environmental legal requirements, we may be required, from time to time, to take environmental control measures at some of our facilities to meet future requirements.
We have been named as a potentially responsible party in certain proceedings initiated pursuant to the Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act and similar stated statutes and may be named a potentially responsible party in other similar proceedings in the future. It is not anticipated that the costs incurred in connection with the presently pending proceedings will, individually or in the aggregate, have a material adverse effect on our financial position, results of operations or cash flows.
We are performing operations and maintenance at two Superfund sites for matters arising out of past waste disposal activity associated with closed facilities. We are also under orders to perform environmental remediation by agencies in four states and one non-U.S. country at seven sites.
Our reserves for environmental remediation liabilities totaled $33.4 and $34.2 at September 30, 2013 and December 31, 2012, respectively, and have been classified as “Other long-term liabilities” and “Accrued liabilities” in the Consolidated Balance Sheet. Of the environmental liabilities recorded at September 30, 2013 and December 31, 2012, $5.9 and $6.5, respectively, are indemnified by Corus Group Ltd.
In addition to environmental liabilities, we have recorded asset retirement obligations associated with legal requirements related primarily to the normal operation of our landfills and the retirement of the related assets. Our total asset retirement obligations were $12.7 and $14.6 at September 30, 2013 and December 31, 2012, respectively. The amounts represent the most probable costs of remedial actions. We estimate the costs related to currently identified remedial actions will be paid out primarily over the next ten years.
Legal Proceedings
We are party to routine litigation and proceedings as part of the ordinary course of business and do not believe that the outcome of any existing proceedings would have a material adverse effect on our financial position, results of operations or cash flows. We have established accruals for those loss contingencies, including litigation and environmental contingencies, for which it has been determined that a loss is probable; none of such loss contingencies is material. For those loss contingencies, including litigation and environmental contingencies, which have been determined to be reasonably possible, an estimate of the possible loss or range of loss cannot be determined because the claims, amount claimed, facts or legal status are not sufficiently developed or advanced in order to make such a determination. While we cannot estimate the loss or range of loss at this time, we do not believe that the outcome of any of these existing proceedings would be material to our financial position, results of operations or cash flows.
5. STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY AND REDEEMABLE NONCONTROLLING INTEREST
On April 30, 2013, we paid a cash dividend of $10.00 per share, or approximately $313.0, pro rata, to our stockholders of record as of April 19, 2013. The following table summarizes the activity within stockholders’ equity and redeemable noncontrolling interest for the nine months ended September 30, 2013:
Aleris Corporation equity | Noncontrolling interest | Total equity | Redeemable noncontrolling interest | |||||||||||||
Total equity at January 1, 2013 | $ | 633.9 | $ | 0.2 | $ | 634.1 | $ | 5.7 | ||||||||
Net (loss) income | (8.1 | ) | 0.8 | (7.3 | ) | — | ||||||||||
Other comprehensive income | 25.0 | — | 25.0 | — | ||||||||||||
Stock-based compensation | 11.2 | — | 11.2 | — | ||||||||||||
Dividend paid | (313.0 | ) | — | (313.0 | ) | — | ||||||||||
Repurchase of shares | (3.0 | ) | — | (3.0 | ) | — | ||||||||||
Modification of stock options resulting in liability classification | (2.4 | ) | — | (2.4 | ) | — | ||||||||||
Other | (0.1 | ) | (0.6 | ) | (0.7 | ) | (0.1 | ) | ||||||||
Total equity at September 30, 2013 | $ | 343.5 | $ | 0.4 | $ | 343.9 | $ | 5.6 |
7
ALERIS CORPORATION
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED) - (CONTINUED)
(amounts in millions, except share and per share data)
On December 31, 2012, we increased our equity interest in Aleris Aluminum (Zhenjiang) Co., Ltd. (“Aleris Zhenjiang”) to 100%, and as a result, the adjustments to the carrying value of redeemable noncontrolling interest was recognized directly in equity attributable to Aleris in 2012. During the second quarter of 2013, we paid the $8.9 redemption amount pursuant to the contractual arrangement, which was recorded in “Accrued liabilities” in the Consolidated Balance Sheet at December 31, 2012.
The following table shows changes in the number of our outstanding shares of common stock:
Outstanding shares of common stock | |||
Balance at January 1, 2013 | 31,097,272 | ||
Issuance associated with options exercised | 69,794 | ||
Issuance associated with vested restricted stock units | 39,297 | ||
Issuance upon conversion of exchangeable notes | 9,900 | ||
Balance at September 30, 2013 | 31,216,263 |
6. ACCUMULATED OTHER COMPREHENSIVE LOSS
The following table summarizes the activity within accumulated other comprehensive loss for the nine months ended September 30, 2013:
Currency translation | Pension and other postretirement | Total | ||||||||||
Balance at January 1, 2013 | $ | 12.6 | $ | (75.0 | ) | $ | (62.4 | ) | ||||
Current period currency translation adjustments | 20.2 | (0.9 | ) | 19.3 | ||||||||
Amortization of net actuarial losses, including recognition of settlement loss | — | 2.7 | 2.7 | |||||||||
Deferred tax expense on pension and other postretirement liability adjustments | — | 0.2 | 0.2 | |||||||||
Recognition of net actuarial gains | — | 2.8 | 2.8 | |||||||||
Balance at September 30, 2013 | $ | 32.8 | $ | (70.2 | ) | $ | (37.4 | ) |
A summary of reclassifications out of accumulated other comprehensive loss for the nine months ended September 30, 2013 is provided below:
Description of reclassifications out of accumulated other comprehensive loss | Amount reclassified | ||||
Amortization of defined benefit pension and other postretirement benefit items: | |||||
Amortization of net actuarial losses, including recognition of settlement loss, before tax | $ | (2.7 | ) | (a) | |
Deferred tax expense on pension and other postretirement liability adjustments | (0.2 | ) | |||
Losses reclassified into earnings, net of tax | $ | (2.9 | ) |
(a) This component of accumulated other comprehensive loss is included in the computation of net periodic benefit expense and net postretirement benefit expense (see Note 10, “Employee Benefit Plans,” for additional detail).
7. SEGMENT INFORMATION
We report six operating segments based on the organizational structure that is used by the chief operating decision maker to evaluate performance, make decisions on resource allocation and for which discrete financial information is available.
The Company’s operating segments are:
▪ | Rolled Products North America (“RPNA”); |
▪ | Rolled Products Europe (“RPEU”); |
▪ | Rolled Products Asia Pacific (“RPAP”); |
8
ALERIS CORPORATION
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED) - (CONTINUED)
(amounts in millions, except share and per share data)
▪ | Extrusions; |
▪ | Recycling and Specification Alloys North America (“RSAA”); and |
▪ | Recycling and Specification Alloys Europe (“RSEU”). |
Measurement of Segment Profit or Loss and Segment Assets
The accounting policies of the reportable segments are the same as those described in the summary of significant accounting policies in the Consolidated Financial Statements for the year ended December 31, 2012. Our measure of profitability for our operating segments is referred to as segment income and loss. Segment income and loss includes gross profits, segment specific realized gains and losses on derivative financial instruments, segment specific other income and expense, segment specific selling, general and administrative (“SG&A”) expense and an allocation of certain regional and global functional SG&A expenses. Segment income and loss excludes provisions for and benefits from income taxes, restructuring items, interest, depreciation and amortization, unrealized and certain realized gains and losses on derivative financial instruments, corporate general and administrative costs, start-up expenses, gains and losses on asset sales, currency exchange gains and losses on debt, gains and losses on intercompany receivables, reorganization items and certain other gains and losses. Intersegment sales and transfers are recorded at market value. Consolidated cash, net capitalized debt costs, deferred tax assets and assets related to our headquarters offices are not allocated to the segments. Prior period segment asset amounts have been restated to conform to the current definition of segment assets, which was changed in the first quarter of 2013 to include the assets of Aleris Zhenjiang.
Reportable Segment Information
The following table shows our revenues and segment income (loss) for the periods presented in our Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income:
Three months ended September 30, 2013 | RPNA | RPEU | RPAP | Extrusions | RSAA | RSEU | Intersegment Revenues | Total | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Revenues to external customers | $ | 293.0 | $ | 329.6 | $ | 3.7 | $ | 88.3 | $ | 230.2 | $ | 128.6 | $ | 1,073.4 | ||||||||||||||||||
Intersegment revenues | 0.6 | 26.6 | 4.2 | 1.8 | 2.3 | 6.0 | $ | (41.5 | ) | — | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Total revenues | $ | 293.6 | $ | 356.2 | $ | 7.9 | $ | 90.1 | $ | 232.5 | $ | 134.6 | $ | (41.5 | ) | $ | 1,073.4 | |||||||||||||||
Segment income | $ | 21.5 | $ | 37.1 | $ | — | $ | 4.3 | $ | 15.7 | $ | 3.7 | $ | 82.3 | ||||||||||||||||||
Three months ended September 30, 2012 | RPNA | RPEU | RPAP | Extrusions | RSAA | RSEU | Intersegment Revenues | Total | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Revenues to external customers | $ | 328.5 | $ | 312.4 | $ | — | $ | 87.6 | $ | 216.4 | $ | 136.1 | $ | 1,081.0 | ||||||||||||||||||
Intersegment revenues | 0.3 | 18.2 | — | 1.5 | 2.7 | 6.7 | $ | (29.4 | ) | — | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Total revenues | $ | 328.8 | $ | 330.6 | $ | — | $ | 89.1 | $ | 219.1 | $ | 142.8 | $ | (29.4 | ) | $ | 1,081.0 | |||||||||||||||
Segment income | $ | 30.3 | $ | 42.6 | $ | — | $ | 5.6 | $ | 9.2 | $ | 4.7 | $ | 92.4 | ||||||||||||||||||
Nine months ended September 30, 2013 | RPNA | RPEU | RPAP | Extrusions | RSAA | RSEU | Intersegment Revenues | Total | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Revenues to external customers | $ | 929.5 | $ | 1,003.7 | $ | 6.3 | $ | 267.0 | $ | 700.2 | $ | 404.4 | $ | 3,311.1 | ||||||||||||||||||
Intersegment revenues | 1.6 | 100.4 | 7.4 | 6.1 | 5.3 | 25.4 | $ | (146.2 | ) | — | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Total revenues | $ | 931.1 | $ | 1,104.1 | $ | 13.7 | $ | 273.1 | $ | 705.5 | $ | 429.8 | $ | (146.2 | ) | $ | 3,311.1 | |||||||||||||||
Segment income (loss) | $ | 77.6 | $ | 114.9 | $ | (0.2 | ) | $ | 11.9 | $ | 39.1 | $ | 10.1 | $ | 253.4 | |||||||||||||||||
Nine months ended September 30, 2012 | RPNA | RPEU | RPAP | Extrusions | RSAA | RSEU | Intersegment Revenues | Total | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Revenues to external customers | $ | 1,001.7 | $ | 961.7 | $ | — | $ | 270.2 | $ | 726.4 | $ | 432.2 | $ | 3,392.2 | ||||||||||||||||||
Intersegment revenues | 1.6 | 47.0 | — | 6.5 | 6.0 | 24.6 | $ | (85.7 | ) | — | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Total revenues | $ | 1,003.3 | $ | 1,008.7 | $ | — | $ | 276.7 | $ | 732.4 | $ | 456.8 | $ | (85.7 | ) | $ | 3,392.2 | |||||||||||||||
Segment income | $ | 91.2 | $ | 126.4 | $ | — | $ | 16.5 | $ | 40.4 | $ | 17.4 | $ | 291.9 |
The following table reconciles total segment income to “(Loss) income before income taxes” as reported in our Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income:
9
ALERIS CORPORATION
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED) - (CONTINUED)
(amounts in millions, except share and per share data)
For the three months ended | For the nine months ended | |||||||||||||||
September 30, | September 30, | |||||||||||||||
2013 | 2012 | 2013 | 2012 | |||||||||||||
Total segment income | $ | 82.3 | $ | 92.4 | $ | 253.4 | $ | 291.9 | ||||||||
Unallocated amounts: | ||||||||||||||||
Depreciation and amortization | (31.4 | ) | (20.0 | ) | (93.3 | ) | (59.2 | ) | ||||||||
Corporate general and administrative expenses, excluding depreciation, amortization, start-up expenses and other expenses | (14.8 | ) | (12.9 | ) | (36.1 | ) | (42.7 | ) | ||||||||
Restructuring charges | (1.0 | ) | (0.6 | ) | (11.4 | ) | (1.1 | ) | ||||||||
Interest expense, net | (26.2 | ) | (10.7 | ) | (71.8 | ) | (33.8 | ) | ||||||||
Unallocated (losses) gains on derivative financial instruments | (3.2 | ) | (0.7 | ) | (3.0 | ) | 2.8 | |||||||||
Unallocated currency exchange (losses) gains | (2.7 | ) | 0.7 | (2.7 | ) | (0.2 | ) | |||||||||
Start-up expenses | (7.6 | ) | (7.9 | ) | (31.0 | ) | (16.9 | ) | ||||||||
Other expense, net | (1.2 | ) | (0.3 | ) | (2.4 | ) | (1.6 | ) | ||||||||
(Loss) income before income taxes | $ | (5.8 | ) | $ | 40.0 | $ | 1.7 | $ | 139.2 |
The following table shows our reportable segment assets as of September 30, 2013 and December 31, 2012:
September 30, 2013 | December 31, 2012 | |||||||
Assets | ||||||||
RPNA | $ | 577.5 | $ | 566.0 | ||||
RPEU | 725.7 | 681.3 | ||||||
RPAP | 437.8 | 351.4 | ||||||
Extrusions | 151.0 | 133.1 | ||||||
RSAA | 299.9 | 287.6 | ||||||
RSEU | 177.8 | 175.3 | ||||||
Unallocated assets | 196.9 | 723.5 | ||||||
Total consolidated assets | $ | 2,566.6 | $ | 2,918.2 |
8. STOCK-BASED COMPENSATION
Stock-based awards are granted under the Aleris Corporation 2010 Equity Incentive Plan (the “2010 Equity Plan”). Generally, stock options have a ten-year life and vest quarterly over four years. Generally, all restricted stock units and restricted shares vest quarterly over four years. A portion of the stock options, as well as a portion of the restricted stock units and restricted shares, may vest upon a change in control event.
On April 30, 2013, we paid a cash dividend of $10.00 per share, or approximately $313.0, pro rata, to our stockholders of record as of April 19, 2013 out of the cash on hand. As provided in the 2010 Equity Plan, the Board of Directors approved the necessary actions to effectuate an equitable option adjustment to (i) increase the number of shares underlying each option outstanding as of the dividend record date (April 19, 2013) and (ii) proportionately decrease the exercise price of each option to reflect the dilutive impact of the dividend paid. The option adjustments did not result in incremental compensation costs.
During the nine months ended September 30, 2013, we granted 311,604 stock options (after adjustment for the April 2013 dividend) to certain members of our senior management, of which 293,257 were granted to our chief executive officer and vested immediately upon grant. During the nine months ended September 30, 2013, we also granted 131,368 restricted stock units to a non-employee director and certain members of our senior management (of which 119,868 were granted to our chief executive officer on September 15, 2013). We recorded compensation expense associated with stock options, restricted stock units and restricted shares of $5.8 and $11.2 during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2013, respectively, and $2.8 and $8.1 during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2012, respectively.
On September 15, 2013, we canceled 293,257 vested stock options that were previously granted and held by our chief executive officer in exchange for a cash payment of $4.4, subject to forfeiture if certain future service requirements are not
10
ALERIS CORPORATION
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED) - (CONTINUED)
(amounts in millions, except share and per share data)
satisfied. This transaction was accounted for as a modification resulting in liability classification of the stock options immediately prior to cash settlement. Approximately $2.0 of incremental stock-based compensation expense will be recognized associated with the modification over the next three years, which represents the fair value of the modified liability award.
9. INCOME TAXES
Our effective tax rates were (23.9)% and 541.6% for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2013, respectively, and 18.9% and 18.4% for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2012, respectively. The effective tax rates for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2013 and 2012 differed from the federal statutory rate applied to income and losses before income taxes primarily as a result of the mix of income, losses and tax rates between tax jurisdictions and valuation allowances.
We have valuation allowances recorded to reduce certain deferred tax assets to amounts that are more likely than not to be realized. The valuation allowances relate to the potential inability to realize our deferred tax assets associated with amortization, pension, postretirement and net operating loss carryforwards in the U.S. and depreciation and net operating loss carryforwards in non-U.S. jurisdictions. We intend to maintain our valuation allowances until sufficient positive evidence exists (such as cumulative positive earnings and estimated future taxable income) to support their reversal.
As of September 30, 2013, we had $1.4 of unrecognized tax benefits. In the second quarter of 2013, the settlement of a previously disclosed audit with a non-U.S. jurisdiction resulted in a reduction to our unrecognized tax benefits of $17.1. The majority of the gross unrecognized tax benefits, if recognized, would affect our annual effective tax rate. We recognize interest and penalties related to uncertain tax positions within the “Provision for income taxes” in the Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income. As of September 30, 2013, we had approximately $0.1 of accrued interest related to uncertain tax positions.
The 2005 through 2012 tax years remain open to examination. During the second quarter of 2013, a non-U.S. jurisdiction notified us that it would begin an examination of our tax returns for tax years ended December 31, 2011, 2010 and 2009.
10. EMPLOYEE BENEFIT PLANS
Defined Benefit Pension Plans
The components of the net periodic benefit expense are as follows:
U.S. pension benefits | ||||||||||||||||
For the three months ended | For the nine months ended | |||||||||||||||
September 30, | September 30, | |||||||||||||||
2013 | 2012 | 2013 | 2012 | |||||||||||||
Service cost | $ | 0.9 | $ | 0.7 | $ | 2.7 | $ | 2.2 | ||||||||
Interest cost | 1.6 | 1.8 | 4.9 | 5.4 | ||||||||||||
Amortization of net actuarial losses | 0.3 | 0.1 | 1.0 | 0.3 | ||||||||||||
Expected return on plan assets | (2.3 | ) | (2.1 | ) | (7.0 | ) | (6.3 | ) | ||||||||
Settlement loss | 0.2 | — | 0.2 | — | ||||||||||||
Net periodic benefit expense | $ | 0.7 | $ | 0.5 | $ | 1.8 | $ | 1.6 |
11
ALERIS CORPORATION
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED) - (CONTINUED)
(amounts in millions, except share and per share data)
European pension benefits | ||||||||||||||||
For the three months ended | For the nine months ended | |||||||||||||||
September 30, | September 30, | |||||||||||||||
2013 | 2012 | 2013 | 2012 | |||||||||||||
Service cost | $ | 1.0 | $ | 0.6 | $ | 3.0 | $ | 1.9 | ||||||||
Interest cost | 1.7 | 1.8 | 5.2 | 5.3 | ||||||||||||
Amortization of net actuarial losses | 0.4 | — | 1.2 | — | ||||||||||||
Expected return on plan assets | — | — | (0.1 | ) | — | |||||||||||
Net periodic benefit expense | $ | 3.1 | $ | 2.4 | $ | 9.3 | $ | 7.2 |
Other Postretirement Benefit Plans
The components of net postretirement benefit expense are as follows:
For the three months ended | For the nine months ended | |||||||||||||||
September 30, | September 30, | |||||||||||||||
2013 | 2012 | 2013 | 2012 | |||||||||||||
Service cost | $ | 0.1 | $ | — | $ | 0.2 | $ | — | ||||||||
Interest cost | 0.4 | 0.6 | 1.3 | 1.8 | ||||||||||||
Amortization of net actuarial losses | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.3 | 0.3 | ||||||||||||
Net postretirement benefit expense | $ | 0.6 | $ | 0.7 | $ | 1.8 | $ | 2.1 |
11. DERIVATIVE AND OTHER FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS
We use forward contracts and options, as well as contractual price escalators, to reduce the risks associated with our metal, natural gas and other supply requirements and certain currency exposures. Generally, we enter into master netting arrangements with our counterparties and offset net derivative positions with the same counterparties against amounts recognized for the right to reclaim cash collateral or the obligation to return cash collateral under those arrangements in our Consolidated Balance Sheet. For classification purposes, we record the net fair value of each type of derivative position that is expected to settle in less than one year with each counterparty as a net current asset or liability and each type of long-term position as a net long-term asset or liability. At September 30, 2013 and December 31, 2012, no cash collateral was posted. The amounts shown in the table below represent the gross amounts of recognized assets and liabilities, the amounts offset in the Consolidated Balance Sheet and the net amounts of assets and liabilities presented therein. As of September 30, 2013 and December 31, 2012, there were no amounts subject to an enforceable master netting arrangement or similar agreement that have not been offset in the Consolidated Balance Sheet.
Fair Value of Derivatives as of | ||||||||||||||||
September 30, 2013 | December 31, 2012 | |||||||||||||||
Derivatives by type | Asset | Liability | Asset | Liability | ||||||||||||
Metal | $ | 11.5 | $ | (17.6 | ) | $ | 15.7 | $ | (18.8 | ) | ||||||
Natural gas | — | (0.7 | ) | — | (0.6 | ) | ||||||||||
Total | 11.5 | (18.3 | ) | 15.7 | (19.4 | ) | ||||||||||
Effect of counterparty netting | (10.8 | ) | 10.8 | (12.5 | ) | 12.5 | ||||||||||
Net derivatives as classified in the balance sheet | $ | 0.7 | $ | (7.5 | ) | $ | 3.2 | $ | (6.9 | ) |
The fair value of our derivative financial instruments at September 30, 2013 and December 31, 2012 are recorded in the Consolidated Balance Sheet as follows:
12
ALERIS CORPORATION
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED) - (CONTINUED)
(amounts in millions, except share and per share data)
Asset Derivatives | Balance Sheet Location | September 30, 2013 | December 31, 2012 | |||||||
Metal | Prepaid expenses and other current assets | $ | 0.6 | $ | 2.8 | |||||
Other long-term assets | 0.1 | 0.4 | ||||||||
Total | $ | 0.7 | $ | 3.2 | ||||||
Liability Derivatives | Balance Sheet Location | September 30, 2013 | December 31, 2012 | |||||||
Metal | Accrued liabilities | $ | 5.4 | $ | 5.8 | |||||
Other long-term liabilities | 1.4 | 0.5 | ||||||||
Natural gas | Accrued liabilities | 0.7 | 0.6 | |||||||
Total | $ | 7.5 | $ | 6.9 |
Derivative contracts are recorded at fair value under Financial Accounting Standards Board Accounting Standards Codification 820, “Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures,” using quoted market prices and significant other observable inputs. Fair value is defined as the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. The fair value hierarchy distinguishes between (1) market participant assumptions developed based on market data obtained from independent sources (observable inputs) and (2) an entity’s own assumptions about market participant assumptions developed based on the best information available in the circumstances (unobservable inputs). The fair value hierarchy consists of three broad levels, which gives the highest priority to unadjusted quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities (Level 1) and the lowest priority to unobservable inputs (Level 3). The three levels of the fair value hierarchy are described below:
Level 1—Unadjusted quoted prices in active markets that are accessible at the measurement date for identical, unrestricted assets or liabilities.
Level 2—Inputs other than quoted prices included within Level 1 that are observable for the asset or liability, either directly or indirectly, including quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities in active markets; quoted prices for identical or similar assets or liabilities in markets that are not active; inputs other than quoted prices that are observable for the asset or liability (e.g., interest rates); and inputs that are derived principally from or corroborated by observable market data by correlation or other means.
Level 3—Inputs that are both significant to the fair value measurement and unobservable.
We endeavor to utilize the best available information in measuring fair value. Where appropriate, valuations are adjusted for various factors such as liquidity, bid/offer spreads, and credit considerations. Such adjustments are generally based on available market evidence and unobservable inputs. Financial assets and liabilities are classified in their entirety based on the lowest level of input that is significant to the fair value measurement. The following tables set forth our financial assets and liabilities that are accounted for at fair value on a recurring basis as of September 30, 2013 and December 31, 2012 and the level in the fair value hierarchy:
Fair value measurements at September 30, 2013 using: | ||||||||||||||||
Description | Total carrying value in the Consolidated Balance Sheet | Quoted prices in active markets for identical assets (Level 1) | Significant other observable inputs (Level 2) | Significant unobservable inputs (Level 3) | ||||||||||||
Derivative assets | $ | 11.5 | $ | — | $ | 11.5 | $ | — | ||||||||
Derivative liabilities | (18.3 | ) | — | (18.3 | ) | — | ||||||||||
Net derivative liabilities | $ | (6.8 | ) | $ | — | $ | (6.8 | ) | $ | — |
13
ALERIS CORPORATION
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED) - (CONTINUED)
(amounts in millions, except share and per share data)
Fair value measurements at December 31, 2012 using: | ||||||||||||||||
Description | Total carrying value in the Consolidated Balance Sheet | Quoted prices in active markets for identical assets (Level 1) | Significant other observable inputs (Level 2) | Significant unobservable inputs (Level 3) | ||||||||||||
Derivative assets | $ | 15.7 | $ | — | $ | 15.7 | $ | — | ||||||||
Derivative liabilities | (19.4 | ) | — | (19.4 | ) | — | ||||||||||
Net derivative liabilities | $ | (3.7 | ) | $ | — | $ | (3.7 | ) | $ | — |
Both realized and unrealized gains and losses on derivative financial instruments are included within “(Gains) losses on derivative financial instruments” in the Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income. Realized (gains) losses on derivative financial instruments totaled the following:
For the three months ended | For the nine months ended | |||||||||||||||
September 30, | September 30, | |||||||||||||||
2013 | 2012 | 2013 | 2012 | |||||||||||||
Metal | $ | (6.1 | ) | $ | (0.9 | ) | $ | (24.8 | ) | $ | (0.3 | ) | ||||
Natural gas | 0.6 | 1.2 | 0.5 | 5.5 | ||||||||||||
Currency | — | 0.5 | — | 1.3 |
Metal Hedging
The selling prices of the majority of the orders for our rolled and extruded products are established at the time of order entry or, for certain customers, under long-term contracts. As the related raw materials used to produce these orders are purchased several months or years after the selling prices are fixed, margins are subject to the risk of changes in the purchase price of the raw materials used for these fixed price sales. In order to manage this transactional exposure, LME future or forward purchase contracts are purchased at the time the selling prices are fixed. As metal is purchased to fill these fixed price sales orders, LME future or forward contracts are then sold. We also maintain a significant amount of inventory on-hand to meet anticipated and unpriced future sales. In order to preserve the value of this inventory, LME future or forward contracts are sold at the time inventory is purchased. As sales orders are priced, LME future or forward contracts are purchased. These derivatives generally settle within three months. We can also use call option contracts, which function in a manner similar to the natural gas call option contracts discussed below and put option contracts for managing metal price exposures. Option contracts require the payment of a premium which is recorded as a realized loss upon settlement or expiration of the option contract. Upon settlement of a put option contract, we receive cash and recognize a related gain if the LME closing price is less than the strike price of the put option. If the put option strike price is less than the LME closing price, no amount is paid and the option expires. As of September 30, 2013 and December 31, 2012, we had 0.2 metric tons and 0.2 metric tons of metal buy and sell forward contracts, respectively.
Natural Gas Hedging
To manage our price exposure for natural gas purchases, we fix the future price of a portion of our natural gas requirements by entering into financial hedge agreements. Under these agreements, payments are made or received based on the differential between the monthly closing price on the New York Mercantile Exchange (“NYMEX”) and the contractual hedge price. We can use a combination of call option contracts and put option contracts for managing the exposure to increasing prices while maintaining our ability to benefit from declining prices. Upon settlement of call option contracts, we receive cash and recognize a related gain if the NYMEX closing price exceeds the strike price of the call option. If the call option strike price exceeds the NYMEX closing price, no amount is received and the option expires unexercised. Upon settlement of a put option contract, we pay cash and recognize a related loss if the NYMEX closing price is lower than the strike price of the put option. If the put option strike price is less than the NYMEX closing price, no amount is paid and the option expires unexercised. Option contracts require the payment of a premium which is recorded as a realized loss upon settlement or expiration of the option contract. Natural gas cost can also be managed through the use of cost escalators included in some of our long-term supply contracts with customers, which limits exposure to natural gas price risk. As of September 30, 2013, we had 3.0 trillion and 0.7 trillion of British thermal unit forward buy and sell contracts, respectively. As December 31, 2012, we had 2.2 trillion of British thermal unit forward buy contracts.
14
ALERIS CORPORATION
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED) - (CONTINUED)
(amounts in millions, except share and per share data)
Currency Exchange Hedging
The construction of our aluminum rolling mill in China (the “Zhenjiang rolling mill”) increased Aleris Zhenjiang’s exposure to fluctuations in the euro as certain of the contracts to purchase equipment were denominated in euros while Aleris Zhenjiang’s source of funding was the U.S. dollar and Renminbi denominated China loan facility. A portion of the equity contributions were made in euros to mitigate this exposure. In addition, Aleris Zhenjiang entered into euro call option contracts to manage this exposure if the U.S. dollar weakened while maintaining the benefit if the dollar strengthened. As with all of our other derivative financial instruments, these option contracts were not accounted for as hedges and, as a result, the changes in fair value were recorded immediately in the Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income. These call option contracts covered periods consistent with known or expected exposures during 2012. As of September 30, 2013 and December 31, 2012, Aleris Zhenjiang had no euro call option contracts.
Credit Risk
We are exposed to losses in the event of non-performance by the counterparties to the derivative financial instruments discussed above; however, we do not anticipate any non-performance by the counterparties. The counterparties are evaluated for creditworthiness and risk assessment prior to initiating trading activities with the brokers and periodically throughout each year while actively trading.
Other Financial Instruments
The carrying amount and fair values of our other financial instruments at September 30, 2013 and December 31, 2012 are as follows:
September 30, 2013 | December 31, 2012 | |||||||||||||||
Carrying Amount | Fair Value | Carrying Amount | Fair Value | |||||||||||||
Cash and cash equivalents | $ | 71.3 | $ | 71.3 | $ | 592.9 | $ | 592.9 | ||||||||
ABL facility | — | — | — | — | ||||||||||||
Exchangeable notes | 44.1 | 89.2 | 44.2 | 103.4 | ||||||||||||
7 5/8% senior notes | 493.8 | 525.0 | 492.7 | 507.5 | ||||||||||||
7 7/8% senior notes | 492.3 | 521.3 | 491.4 | 502.5 | ||||||||||||
Zhenjiang term loans | 191.5 | 192.6 | 186.8 | 188.1 | ||||||||||||
Zhenjiang revolver | 3.9 | 4.1 | — | — |
The following tables set forth our other financial instruments for which fair value is disclosed and the level in the fair value hierarchy within which the fair value measurements are categorized as of September 30, 2013 and December 31, 2012:
Fair value measurements at September 30, 2013 using: | ||||||||||||||||
Description | Total estimated fair value | Quoted prices in active markets for identical assets (Level 1) | Significant other observable inputs (Level 2) | Significant unobservable inputs (Level 3) | ||||||||||||
Cash and cash equivalents | $ | 71.3 | $ | 71.3 | $ | — | $ | — | ||||||||
Exchangeable notes | 89.2 | — | — | 89.2 | ||||||||||||
7 5/8% senior notes | 525.0 | 525.0 | — | — | ||||||||||||
7 7/8% senior notes | 521.3 | 521.3 | — | — | ||||||||||||
Zhenjiang term loans | 192.6 | — | — | 192.6 | ||||||||||||
Zhenjiang revolver | 4.1 | — | — | 4.1 |
15
ALERIS CORPORATION
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED) - (CONTINUED)
(amounts in millions, except share and per share data)
Fair value measurements at December 31, 2012 using: | ||||||||||||||||
Description | Total estimated fair value | Quoted prices in active markets for identical assets (Level 1) | Significant other observable inputs (Level 2) | Significant unobservable inputs (Level 3) | ||||||||||||
Cash and cash equivalents | $ | 592.9 | $ | 592.9 | $ | — | $ | — | ||||||||
Exchangeable notes | 103.4 | — | — | 103.4 | ||||||||||||
7 5/8% senior notes | 507.5 | 507.5 | — | — | ||||||||||||
7 7/8% senior notes | 502.5 | 502.5 | — | — | ||||||||||||
Zhenjiang term loans | 188.1 | — | — | 188.1 |
The fair value of Aleris International’s exchangeable notes was estimated using a binomial lattice pricing model based on the fair value of our common stock, a risk-free interest rate of 2.0% as of September 30, 2013 and 1.3% as of December 31, 2012 and expected equity volatility of 55%. Expected equity volatility was determined based on historical stock prices and implied and stated volatilities of our peer companies. The fair values of the 7 5/8% senior notes and the 7 7/8% senior notes were estimated using market quotations. The principal amount of the China loan facility approximates fair value because the interest rate paid is variable, is set for periods of six months or less and there have been no significant changes in the credit risk of Aleris Zhenjiang subsequent to the inception of the China loan facility.
12. EARNINGS PER SHARE
Basic earnings per share was computed using the two-class method by dividing net (loss) income available to common stockholders, after deducting undistributed earnings allocated to participating securities, by the average number of shares of our common stock outstanding during the period. Pursuant to the two-class method, all earnings, whether distributed or undistributed, are allocated to common stock and participating securities based on their respective rights to receive dividends. Unvested share-based payment awards that contain nonforfeitable rights to dividends or dividend equivalents (whether paid or unpaid) are considered participating securities. Our restricted stock units and restricted shares have nonforfeitable rights to dividends during the vesting period on a basis equivalent to the dividends paid to holders of the Company’s common stock, and, therefore, meet the definition of a participating security. Diluted earnings per share was computed by giving effect to all potentially dilutive securities that were outstanding. The following table summarizes basic and diluted earnings per share:
16
ALERIS CORPORATION
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED) - (CONTINUED)
(amounts in millions, except share and per share data)
For the three months ended | For the nine months ended | |||||||||||||||
September 30, | September 30, | |||||||||||||||
2013 | 2012 | 2013 | 2012 | |||||||||||||
Net (loss) income attributable to Aleris Corporation | $ | (7.3 | ) | $ | 32.8 | $ | (8.1 | ) | $ | 114.5 | ||||||
Less: Preferred stock dividend (paid or unpaid) | (0.1 | ) | (0.1 | ) | (0.3 | ) | (0.3 | ) | ||||||||
Less: Undistributed earnings allocated to participating securities | — | (0.2 | ) | — | (0.7 | ) | ||||||||||
Less: Redemption value adjustments to redeemable noncontrolling interest | — | (2.3 | ) | — | (2.3 | ) | ||||||||||
Net (loss) income available to common stockholders - Basic | (7.4 | ) | 30.2 | (8.4 | ) | 111.2 | ||||||||||
Add: Interest on exchangeable notes | — | 0.7 | — | 2.1 | ||||||||||||
Add: Preferred stock dividend (paid or unpaid) | — | 0.1 | — | 0.3 | ||||||||||||
Add: Undistributed earnings allocated to participating securities | — | 0.2 | — | 0.7 | ||||||||||||
Less: Undistributed earnings reallocated to participating securities | — | (0.2 | ) | — | (0.7 | ) | ||||||||||
Net (loss) income available to common stockholders - Diluted | $ | (7.4 | ) | $ | 31.0 | $ | (8.4 | ) | $ | 113.6 | ||||||
Average shares of common stock outstanding | 31.2 | 31.1 | 31.2 | 31.0 | ||||||||||||
Dilutive effect of: | ||||||||||||||||
Stock options | — | 0.7 | — | 0.7 | ||||||||||||
Redeemable preferred stock | — | 0.2 | — | 0.2 | ||||||||||||
Exchangeable notes | — | 2.1 | — | 2.1 | ||||||||||||
Average dilutive shares of common stock outstanding | 31.2 | 34.1 | 31.2 | 34.0 | ||||||||||||
Basic (loss) earnings per share | $ | (0.24 | ) | $ | 0.97 | $ | (0.27 | ) | $ | 3.58 | ||||||
Diluted (loss) earnings per share | $ | (0.24 | ) | $ | 0.91 | $ | (0.27 | ) | $ | 3.33 |
The effect of certain stock options were excluded from the computations of the weighted average dilutive shares outstanding as inclusion would have resulted in antidilution. The exchangeable notes, redeemable preferred stock, restricted stock units and restricted shares were excluded from the computations of the weighted average dilutive shares outstanding for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2013 as inclusion would have resulted in antidilution. Additionally, restricted stock units and restricted shares were excluded from the computation of weighted average dilutive shares outstanding for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2012 as they were considered participating securities. A summary of these stock options, restricted stock units, restricted shares, exchangeable notes and redeemable preferred stock as of September 30, 2013 and 2012 is shown below:
For the three months ended | For the nine months ended | |||||||||||
September 30, | September 30, | |||||||||||
2013 | 2012 | 2013 | 2012 | |||||||||
Number of stock options | 3.3 | 0.2 | 3.3 | 0.2 | ||||||||
Weighted average exercise price | $24.33 | $47.69 | $24.33 | $47.69 | ||||||||
Restricted stock units and restricted shares | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | ||||||||
Weighted average grant date fair value | $35.38 | $32.22 | $35.38 | $32.22 | ||||||||
Number of shares issuable upon conversion of exchangeable notes | 2.7 | — | 2.1 | — | ||||||||
Number of shares issuable upon conversion of redeemable preferred stock | 0.3 | — | 0.2 | — |
13. CONDENSED CONSOLIDATING FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
On February 9, 2011 and October 23, 2012, Aleris International issued the 7 5/8% senior notes and the 7 7/8% senior notes (collectively, the “Senior Notes”), respectively. Aleris Corporation, the direct parent of Aleris International, and certain of its subsidiaries (collectively, the “Guarantor Subsidiaries”) are guarantors of the indebtedness under the Senior Notes. Aleris Corporation and each of the Guarantor Subsidiaries have fully and unconditionally guaranteed (subject, in the case of the Guarantor Subsidiaries, to customary release provisions as described below), on a joint and several basis, to pay principal and interest related to the Senior Notes and Aleris International and each of the Guarantor Subsidiaries are directly or indirectly
17
ALERIS CORPORATION
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED) - (CONTINUED)
(amounts in millions, except share and per share data)
100% owned subsidiaries of Aleris Corporation. For purposes of complying with the reporting requirements of Aleris International and the Guarantor Subsidiaries, presented below are condensed consolidating financial statements of Aleris Corporation, Aleris International, the Guarantor Subsidiaries, and those other subsidiaries of Aleris Corporation that are not guaranteeing the indebtedness under the Senior Notes (the “Non-Guarantor Subsidiaries”). The condensed consolidating balance sheets are presented as of September 30, 2013 and December 31, 2012. The condensed consolidating statements of comprehensive income (loss) are presented for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2013 and 2012. The condensed consolidating statements of cash flows are presented for the nine months ended September 30, 2013 and 2012.
The guarantee of a Guarantor Subsidiary will be automatically and unconditionally released and discharged in the event of:
▪ | any sale of the Guarantor Subsidiary or of all or substantially all of its assets; |
▪ | a Guarantor Subsidiary being designated as an “unrestricted subsidiary” in accordance with the indentures governing the Senior Notes; |
▪ | the release or discharge of a Guarantor Subsidiary from its guarantee under the ABL facility or other indebtedness that resulted in the obligation of the Guarantor Subsidiary under the indentures governing the Senior Notes; and |
▪ | the requirements for legal defeasance or covenant defeasance or discharge of the indentures governing the Senior Notes having been satisfied. |
18
ALERIS CORPORATION
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED) - (CONTINUED)
(amounts in millions, except share and per share data)
As of September 30, 2013 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Aleris Corporation (Parent) | Aleris International, Inc. | Guarantor Subsidiaries | Non-Guarantor Subsidiaries | Eliminations | Consolidated | |||||||||||||||||||
ASSETS | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Current Assets | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Cash and cash equivalents | $ | — | $ | 10.6 | $ | — | $ | 61.5 | $ | (0.8 | ) | $ | 71.3 | |||||||||||
Accounts receivable, net | — | — | 156.6 | 300.1 | — | 456.7 | ||||||||||||||||||
Inventories | — | — | 286.7 | 437.6 | — | 724.3 | ||||||||||||||||||
Deferred income taxes | — | — | 3.9 | 9.0 | — | 12.9 | ||||||||||||||||||
Prepaid expenses and other current assets | — | 0.5 | 12.5 | 12.4 | — | 25.4 | ||||||||||||||||||
Total Current Assets | — | 11.1 | 459.7 | 820.6 | (0.8 | ) | 1,290.6 | |||||||||||||||||
Property, plant and equipment, net | — | — | 364.8 | 763.6 | — | 1,128.4 | ||||||||||||||||||
Intangible assets, net | — | — | 28.1 | 15.9 | — | 44.0 | ||||||||||||||||||
Deferred income taxes | — | — | — | 36.8 | — | 36.8 | ||||||||||||||||||
Other long-term assets | — | 13.4 | 3.0 | 50.4 | — | 66.8 | ||||||||||||||||||
Investments in subsidiaries/intercompany receivables, net | 343.5 | 1,381.1 | 199.0 | 280.0 | (2,203.6 | ) | — | |||||||||||||||||
Total Assets | $ | 343.5 | $ | 1,405.6 | $ | 1,054.6 | $ | 1,967.3 | $ | (2,204.4 | ) | $ | 2,566.6 | |||||||||||
LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Current Liabilities | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Accounts payable | $ | — | $ | 0.6 | $ | 149.4 | $ | 210.3 | $ | (0.8 | ) | $ | 359.5 | |||||||||||
Accrued liabilities | — | 22.5 | 63.6 | 131.2 | — | 217.3 | ||||||||||||||||||
Deferred income taxes | — | — | — | 12.0 | — | 12.0 | ||||||||||||||||||
Current portion of long-term debt | — | — | — | 12.9 | — | 12.9 | ||||||||||||||||||
Total Current Liabilities | — | 23.1 | 213.0 | 366.4 | (0.8 | ) | 601.7 | |||||||||||||||||
Long-term debt | — | 1,030.2 | — | 195.2 | — | 1,225.4 | ||||||||||||||||||
Deferred income taxes | — | — | 3.9 | 6.0 | — | 9.9 | ||||||||||||||||||
Accrued pension benefits | — | — | 61.5 | 193.8 | — | 255.3 | ||||||||||||||||||
Accrued postretirement benefits | — | — | 49.8 | — | — | 49.8 | ||||||||||||||||||
Other long-term liabilities | — | — | 31.6 | 43.4 | — | 75.0 | ||||||||||||||||||
Total Long-Term Liabilities | — | 1,030.2 | 146.8 | 438.4 | — | 1,615.4 | ||||||||||||||||||
Redeemable noncontrolling interest | — | 5.6 | — | — | — | 5.6 | ||||||||||||||||||
Total equity | 343.5 | 346.7 | 694.8 | 1,162.1 | (2,203.6 | ) | 343.5 | |||||||||||||||||
Noncontrolling interest | — | — | — | 0.4 | — | 0.4 | ||||||||||||||||||
Total Liabilities and Equity | $ | 343.5 | $ | 1,405.6 | $ | 1,054.6 | $ | 1,967.3 | $ | (2,204.4 | ) | $ | 2,566.6 |
19
ALERIS CORPORATION
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED) - (CONTINUED)
(amounts in millions, except share and per share data)
As of December 31, 2012 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Aleris Corporation (Parent) | Aleris International, Inc. | Guarantor Subsidiaries | Non-Guarantor Subsidiaries | Eliminations | Consolidated | |||||||||||||||||||
ASSETS | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Current Assets | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Cash and cash equivalents | $ | — | $ | 472.4 | $ | — | $ | 121.6 | $ | (1.1 | ) | $ | 592.9 | |||||||||||
Accounts receivable, net | — | 1.5 | 149.3 | 233.2 | — | 384.0 | ||||||||||||||||||
Inventories | — | — | 259.4 | 424.0 | — | 683.4 | ||||||||||||||||||
Deferred income taxes | — | — | 3.9 | 9.0 | — | 12.9 | ||||||||||||||||||
Prepaid expenses and other current assets | — | 0.1 | 12.9 | 13.3 | — | 26.3 | ||||||||||||||||||
Total Current Assets | — | 474.0 | 425.5 | 801.1 | (1.1 | ) | 1,699.5 | |||||||||||||||||
Property, plant and equipment, net | — | — | 375.4 | 701.6 | — | 1,077.0 | ||||||||||||||||||
Intangible assets, net | — | — | 29.7 | 15.9 | — | 45.6 | ||||||||||||||||||
Deferred income taxes | — | — | — | 36.8 | — | 36.8 | ||||||||||||||||||
Other long-term assets | — | 14.3 | 2.6 | 42.4 | — | 59.3 | ||||||||||||||||||
Investments in subsidiaries/intercompany receivables, net | 633.9 | 1,207.4 | 227.4 | 99.0 | (2,167.7 | ) | — | |||||||||||||||||
Total Assets | $ | 633.9 | $ | 1,695.7 | $ | 1,060.6 | $ | 1,696.8 | $ | (2,168.8 | ) | $ | 2,918.2 | |||||||||||
LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Current Liabilities | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Accounts payable | $ | — | $ | 3.4 | $ | 122.1 | $ | 216.8 | $ | (1.1 | ) | $ | 341.2 | |||||||||||
Accrued liabilities | — | 23.7 | 67.6 | 211.1 | — | 302.4 | ||||||||||||||||||
Deferred income taxes | — | — | — | 12.0 | — | 12.0 | ||||||||||||||||||
Current portion of long-term debt | — | — | — | 9.0 | — | 9.0 | ||||||||||||||||||
Total Current Liabilities | — | 27.1 | 189.7 | 448.9 | (1.1 | ) | 664.6 | |||||||||||||||||
Long-term debt | — | 1,028.4 | — | 190.5 | — | 1,218.9 | ||||||||||||||||||
Deferred income taxes | — | — | 3.9 | 4.9 | — | 8.8 | ||||||||||||||||||
Accrued pension benefits | — | — | 71.8 | 186.4 | — | 258.2 | ||||||||||||||||||
Accrued postretirement benefits | — | — | 52.0 | — | — | 52.0 | ||||||||||||||||||
Other long-term liabilities | — | — | 31.5 | 44.4 | — | 75.9 | ||||||||||||||||||
Total Long-Term Liabilities | — | 1,028.4 | 159.2 | 426.2 | — | 1,613.8 | ||||||||||||||||||
Redeemable noncontrolling interest | — | 5.7 | — | — | — | 5.7 | ||||||||||||||||||
Total equity | 633.9 | 634.5 | 711.7 | 821.5 | (2,167.7 | ) | 633.9 | |||||||||||||||||
Noncontrolling interest | — | — | — | 0.2 | — | 0.2 | ||||||||||||||||||
Total Liabilities and Equity | $ | 633.9 | $ | 1,695.7 | $ | 1,060.6 | $ | 1,696.8 | $ | (2,168.8 | ) | $ | 2,918.2 |
20
ALERIS CORPORATION
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED) - (CONTINUED)
(amounts in millions, except share and per share data)
For the three months ended September 30, 2013 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Aleris Corporation (Parent) | Aleris International, Inc. | Guarantor Subsidiaries | Non-Guarantor Subsidiaries | Eliminations | Consolidated | |||||||||||||||||||
Revenues | $ | — | $ | — | $ | 476.4 | $ | 599.0 | $ | (2.0 | ) | $ | 1,073.4 | |||||||||||
Cost of sales | — | — | 447.6 | 547.1 | (2.0 | ) | 992.7 | |||||||||||||||||
Gross profit | — | — | 28.8 | 51.9 | — | 80.7 | ||||||||||||||||||
Selling, general and administrative expenses | — | 0.1 | 28.6 | 27.7 | — | 56.4 | ||||||||||||||||||
Restructuring charges | — | — | 0.8 | 0.2 | — | 1.0 | ||||||||||||||||||
Losses (gains) on derivative financial instruments | — | — | 0.5 | (2.8 | ) | — | (2.3 | ) | ||||||||||||||||
Other operating expense, net | — | — | 0.6 | 0.2 | — | 0.8 | ||||||||||||||||||
Operating (loss) income | — | (0.1 | ) | (1.7 | ) | 26.6 | — | 24.8 | ||||||||||||||||
Interest expense, net | — | — | 22.5 | 3.7 | — | 26.2 | ||||||||||||||||||
Other (income) expense, net | — | — | (0.6 | ) | 5.0 | — | 4.4 | |||||||||||||||||
Equity in net loss (earnings) of affiliates | 7.3 | 7.2 | (8.1 | ) | — | (6.4 | ) | — | ||||||||||||||||
(Loss) income before income taxes | (7.3 | ) | (7.3 | ) | (15.5 | ) | 17.9 | 6.4 | (5.8 | ) | ||||||||||||||
Provision for income taxes | — | — | — | 1.3 | — | 1.3 | ||||||||||||||||||
Net (loss) income | (7.3 | ) | (7.3 | ) | (15.5 | ) | 16.6 | 6.4 | (7.1 | ) | ||||||||||||||
Net income attributable to noncontrolling interest | — | — | — | 0.2 | — | 0.2 | ||||||||||||||||||
Net (loss) income attributable to Aleris Corporation | $ | (7.3 | ) | $ | (7.3 | ) | $ | (15.5 | ) | $ | 16.4 | $ | 6.4 | $ | (7.3 | ) | ||||||||
Comprehensive income (loss) | $ | 23.1 | $ | 23.1 | $ | (12.8 | ) | $ | 43.7 | $ | (53.8 | ) | $ | 23.3 | ||||||||||
Comprehensive income attributable to noncontrolling interest | — | — | — | 0.2 | — | 0.2 | ||||||||||||||||||
Comprehensive income (loss) attributable to Aleris Corporation | $ | 23.1 | $ | 23.1 | $ | (12.8 | ) | $ | 43.5 | $ | (53.8 | ) | $ | 23.1 | ||||||||||
For the nine months ended September 30, 2013 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Aleris Corporation (Parent) | Aleris International, Inc. | Guarantor Subsidiaries | Non-Guarantor Subsidiaries | Eliminations | Consolidated | |||||||||||||||||||
Revenues | $ | — | $ | — | $ | 1,494.7 | $ | 1,822.6 | $ | (6.2 | ) | $ | 3,311.1 | |||||||||||
Cost of sales | — | — | 1,406.7 | 1,666.6 | (6.2 | ) | 3,067.1 | |||||||||||||||||
Gross profit | — | — | 88.0 | 156.0 | — | 244.0 | ||||||||||||||||||
Selling, general and administrative expenses | — | 0.2 | 80.6 | 95.6 | — | 176.4 | ||||||||||||||||||
Restructuring charges | — | — | 3.1 | 8.3 | — | 11.4 | ||||||||||||||||||
Gains on derivative financial instruments | — | — | (13.3 | ) | (8.1 | ) | — | (21.4 | ) | |||||||||||||||
Other operating expense (income), net | — | — | 1.0 | (0.6 | ) | — | 0.4 | |||||||||||||||||
Operating (loss) income | — | (0.2 | ) | 16.6 | 60.8 | — | 77.2 | |||||||||||||||||
Interest expense, net | — | — | 66.4 | 5.4 | — | 71.8 | ||||||||||||||||||
Other (income) expense, net | — | — | (1.7 | ) | 5.4 | — | 3.7 | |||||||||||||||||
Equity in net loss (earnings) of affiliates | 8.1 | 7.9 | (9.1 | ) | — | (6.9 | ) | — | ||||||||||||||||
(Loss) income before income taxes | (8.1 | ) | (8.1 | ) | (39.0 | ) | 50.0 | 6.9 | 1.7 | |||||||||||||||
Provision for income taxes | — | — | — | 9.0 | — | 9.0 | ||||||||||||||||||
Net (loss) income | (8.1 | ) | (8.1 | ) | (39.0 | ) | 41.0 | 6.9 | (7.3 | ) | ||||||||||||||
Net income attributable to noncontrolling interest | — | — | — | 0.8 | — | 0.8 | ||||||||||||||||||
Net (loss) income attributable to Aleris Corporation | $ | (8.1 | ) | $ | (8.1 | ) | $ | (39.0 | ) | $ | 40.2 | $ | 6.9 | $ | (8.1 | ) | ||||||||
Comprehensive income (loss) | $ | 16.9 | $ | 16.9 | $ | (35.0 | ) | $ | 61.6 | $ | (42.7 | ) | $ | 17.7 | ||||||||||
Comprehensive income attributable to noncontrolling interest | — | — | — | 0.8 | — | 0.8 | ||||||||||||||||||
Comprehensive income (loss) attributable to Aleris Corporation | $ | 16.9 | $ | 16.9 | $ | (35.0 | ) | $ | 60.8 | $ | (42.7 | ) | $ | 16.9 |
21
ALERIS CORPORATION
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED) - (CONTINUED)
(amounts in millions, except share and per share data)
For the three months ended September 30, 2012 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Aleris Corporation (Parent) | Aleris International, Inc. | Guarantor Subsidiaries | Non-Guarantor Subsidiaries | Eliminations | Consolidated | |||||||||||||||||||
Revenues | $ | — | $ | — | $ | 499.8 | $ | 582.2 | $ | (1.0 | ) | $ | 1,081.0 | |||||||||||
Cost of sales | — | — | 456.7 | 505.1 | (1.0 | ) | 960.8 | |||||||||||||||||
Gross profit | — | — | 43.1 | 77.1 | — | 120.2 | ||||||||||||||||||
Selling, general and administrative expenses | — | 0.1 | 30.3 | 36.1 | — | 66.5 | ||||||||||||||||||
Restructuring charges | — | — | — | 0.6 | — | 0.6 | ||||||||||||||||||
Losses on derivative financial instruments | — | — | 0.3 | 1.0 | — | 1.3 | ||||||||||||||||||
Other operating expense (income), net | — | — | 0.4 | (0.2 | ) | — | 0.2 | |||||||||||||||||
Operating (loss) income | — | (0.1 | ) | 12.1 | 39.6 | — | 51.6 | |||||||||||||||||
Interest expense, net | — | — | 10.7 | — | — | 10.7 | ||||||||||||||||||
Other (income) expense, net | — | — | (1.2 | ) | 2.1 | — | 0.9 | |||||||||||||||||
Equity in net earnings of affiliates | (32.8 | ) | (32.4 | ) | (0.6 | ) | — | 65.8 | — | |||||||||||||||
Income before income taxes | 32.8 | 32.3 | 3.2 | 37.5 | (65.8 | ) | 40.0 | |||||||||||||||||
(Benefit from) provision for income taxes | — | (0.5 | ) | — | 8.0 | — | 7.5 | |||||||||||||||||
Net income | 32.8 | 32.8 | 3.2 | 29.5 | (65.8 | ) | 32.5 | |||||||||||||||||
Net loss attributable to noncontrolling interest | — | — | — | (0.3 | ) | — | (0.3 | ) | ||||||||||||||||
Net income attributable to Aleris Corporation | $ | 32.8 | $ | 32.8 | $ | 3.2 | $ | 29.8 | $ | (65.8 | ) | $ | 32.8 | |||||||||||
Comprehensive income | $ | 44.8 | $ | 44.8 | $ | 3.8 | $ | 40.6 | $ | (89.5 | ) | $ | 44.5 | |||||||||||
Comprehensive loss attributable to noncontrolling interest | — | — | — | (0.3 | ) | — | (0.3 | ) | ||||||||||||||||
Comprehensive income attributable to Aleris Corporation | $ | 44.8 | $ | 44.8 | $ | 3.8 | $ | 40.9 | $ | (89.5 | ) | $ | 44.8 | |||||||||||
For the nine months ended September 30, 2012 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Aleris Corporation (Parent) | Aleris International, Inc. | Guarantor Subsidiaries | Non-Guarantor Subsidiaries | Eliminations | Consolidated | |||||||||||||||||||
Revenues | $ | — | $ | — | $ | 1,579.5 | $ | 1,820.7 | $ | (8.0 | ) | $ | 3,392.2 | |||||||||||
Cost of sales | — | — | 1,444.0 | 1,582.4 | (8.0 | ) | 3,018.4 | |||||||||||||||||
Gross profit | — | — | 135.5 | 238.3 | — | 373.8 | ||||||||||||||||||
Selling, general and administrative expenses | — | 0.2 | 91.3 | 103.5 | — | 195.0 | ||||||||||||||||||
Restructuring charges | — | — | 0.1 | 1.0 | — | 1.1 | ||||||||||||||||||
Losses (gains) on derivative financial instruments | — | — | 4.3 | (1.0 | ) | — | 3.3 | |||||||||||||||||
Other operating expense, net | — | — | 0.9 | 0.1 | — | 1.0 | ||||||||||||||||||
Operating (loss) income | — | (0.2 | ) | 38.9 | 134.7 | — | 173.4 | |||||||||||||||||
Interest expense, net | — | — | 32.6 | 1.2 | — | 33.8 | ||||||||||||||||||
Other (income) expense, net | — | — | (3.7 | ) | 4.1 | — | 0.4 | |||||||||||||||||
Equity in net earnings of affiliates | (114.5 | ) | (114.2 | ) | (1.5 | ) | — | 230.2 | — | |||||||||||||||
Income before income taxes | 114.5 | 114.0 | 11.5 | 129.4 | (230.2 | ) | 139.2 | |||||||||||||||||
(Benefit from) provision for income taxes | — | (0.5 | ) | — | 26.1 | — | 25.6 | |||||||||||||||||
Net income | 114.5 | 114.5 | 11.5 | 103.3 | (230.2 | ) | 113.6 | |||||||||||||||||
Net loss attributable to noncontrolling interest | — | — | — | (0.9 | ) | — | (0.9 | ) | ||||||||||||||||
Net income attributable to Aleris Corporation | $ | 114.5 | $ | 114.5 | $ | 11.5 | $ | 104.2 | $ | (230.2 | ) | $ | 114.5 | |||||||||||
Comprehensive income | $ | 110.9 | $ | 110.9 | $ | 12.1 | $ | 99.5 | $ | (223.5 | ) | $ | 109.9 | |||||||||||
Comprehensive loss attributable to noncontrolling interest | — | — | — | (1.0 | ) | — | (1.0 | ) | ||||||||||||||||
Comprehensive income attributable to Aleris Corporation | $ | 110.9 | $ | 110.9 | $ | 12.1 | $ | 100.5 | $ | (223.5 | ) | $ | 110.9 |
22
ALERIS CORPORATION
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED) - (CONTINUED)
(amounts in millions, except share and per share data)
For the nine months ended September 30, 2013 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Aleris Corporation (Parent) | Aleris International, Inc. | Guarantor Subsidiaries | Non-Guarantor Subsidiaries | Eliminations | Consolidated | |||||||||||||||||||
Net cash provided (used) by operating activities | $ | 316.0 | $ | 132.5 | $ | 40.9 | $ | (194.0 | ) | $ | (312.7 | ) | $ | (17.3 | ) | |||||||||
Investing activities | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Payments for property, plant and equipment | — | — | (50.2 | ) | (132.6 | ) | — | (182.8 | ) | |||||||||||||||
Other | — | — | (0.3 | ) | 1.6 | — | 1.3 | |||||||||||||||||
Net investment in subsidiaries | — | (280.8 | ) | 9.6 | 271.2 | — | — | |||||||||||||||||
Net cash (used) provided by investing activities | — | (280.8 | ) | (40.9 | ) | 140.2 | — | (181.5 | ) | |||||||||||||||
Financing activities | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Proceeds from the ABL facility | — | 10.3 | — | 10.1 | — | 20.4 | ||||||||||||||||||
Payments on the ABL facility | — | (10.3 | ) | — | (10.1 | ) | — | (20.4 | ) | |||||||||||||||
Proceeds from Zhenjiang term loans | — | — | — | 0.2 | — | 0.2 | ||||||||||||||||||
Proceeds from Zhenjiang revolver | — | — | — | 4.1 | — | 4.1 | ||||||||||||||||||
Net payments on other long-term debt | — | — | — | (2.8 | ) | — | (2.8 | ) | ||||||||||||||||
Redemption of noncontrolling interest | — | — | — | (8.9 | ) | — | (8.9 | ) | ||||||||||||||||
Dividend paid | (313.0 | ) | (313.0 | ) | — | — | 313.0 | (313.0 | ) | |||||||||||||||
Other | (3.0 | ) | (0.5 | ) | — | (0.4 | ) | — | (3.9 | ) | ||||||||||||||
Net cash (used) provided by financing activities | (316.0 | ) | (313.5 | ) | — | (7.8 | ) | 313.0 | (324.3 | ) | ||||||||||||||
Effect of exchange rate differences on cash and cash equivalents | — | — | — | 1.5 | — | 1.5 | ||||||||||||||||||
Net decrease in cash and cash equivalents | — | (461.8 | ) | — | (60.1 | ) | 0.3 | (521.6 | ) | |||||||||||||||
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period | — | 472.4 | — | 121.6 | (1.1 | ) | 592.9 | |||||||||||||||||
Cash and cash equivalents at end of period | $ | — | $ | 10.6 | $ | — | $ | 61.5 | $ | (0.8 | ) | $ | 71.3 | |||||||||||
For the nine months ended September 30, 2012 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Aleris Corporation (Parent) | Aleris International, Inc. | Guarantor Subsidiaries | Non-Guarantor Subsidiaries | Eliminations | Consolidated | |||||||||||||||||||
Net cash provided (used) by operating activities | $ | 0.8 | $ | (37.6 | ) | $ | 97.3 | $ | 30.1 | $ | 1.4 | $ | 92.0 | |||||||||||
Investing activities | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Payments for property, plant and equipment | — | — | (96.9 | ) | (188.6 | ) | — | (285.5 | ) | |||||||||||||||
Purchase of a business | — | — | — | (21.5 | ) | — | (21.5 | ) | ||||||||||||||||
Other | — | — | (0.4 | ) | 0.2 | — | (0.2 | ) | ||||||||||||||||
Net investment in subsidiaries | — | (29.3 | ) | — | 29.3 | — | — | |||||||||||||||||
Net cash used by investing activities | — | (29.3 | ) | (97.3 | ) | (180.6 | ) | — | (307.2 | ) | ||||||||||||||
Financing activities | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Proceeds from Zhenjiang term loans | — | — | — | 88.5 | — | 88.5 | ||||||||||||||||||
Net proceeds from other long-term debt | — | — | — | 2.0 | — | 2.0 | ||||||||||||||||||
Other | (0.8 | ) | (0.2 | ) | — | (0.8 | ) | — | (1.8 | ) | ||||||||||||||
Net cash (used) provided by financing activities | (0.8 | ) | (0.2 | ) | — | 89.7 | — | 88.7 | ||||||||||||||||
Effect of exchange rate differences on cash and cash equivalents | — | — | — | 0.9 | — | 0.9 | ||||||||||||||||||
Net decrease in cash and cash equivalents | — | (67.1 | ) | — | (59.9 | ) | 1.4 | (125.6 | ) | |||||||||||||||
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period | — | 67.1 | — | 165.7 | (1.4 | ) | 231.4 | |||||||||||||||||
Cash and cash equivalents at end of period | $ | — | $ | — | $ | — | $ | 105.8 | $ | — | $ | 105.8 |
23
Item 2. | Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations. |
The following Management’s Discussion and Analysis of our Financial Condition and Results of Operations (“MD&A”) is intended to help you understand our operations as well as the industry in which we operate. Our MD&A is designed to provide a narrative from the perspective of our management on our financial condition, results of operations, liquidity and certain other factors that may affect our future results. Our MD&A includes the following sections:
▪ | Overview - a general description of our business, our operating segments, the aluminum industry and our critical measures of financial performance; |
▪ | Seasonality and Management Outlook - a brief discussion of the material trends and uncertainties that may impact our business in the future; |
▪ | Results of Operations - an analysis and discussion of our consolidated and segment operating results for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2013 and 2012; |
▪ | Liquidity and Capital Resources - an analysis and discussion of our cash flows for the nine months ended September 30, 2013 and 2012, as well as a brief discussion of our current sources of capital; and |
▪ | Non-GAAP Financial Measures - an analysis and discussion of key financial performance measures, including EBITDA, Adjusted EBITDA and commercial margin (all defined below), as well as reconciliations to the applicable generally accepted accounting principles in the United States (“GAAP”) performance measures, for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2013 and 2012. |
This discussion should be read in conjunction with our unaudited consolidated financial statements and notes. The discussions of our financial condition and results of operations also include various forward-looking statements about our industry, the demand for our products and services and our projected results. These statements are based on certain assumptions that we consider reasonable. Our actual results could differ materially from those discussed in these forward-looking statements. Factors that could cause or contribute to these differences include, but are not limited to, those discussed below, particularly under the caption “Forward-Looking Statements.”
Overview
Our Business
We are a global leader in the manufacture and sale of aluminum rolled and extruded products, aluminum recycling and specification alloy manufacturing with locations in North America, Europe and China. We operate 40 production facilities worldwide, with 16 production facilities that provide rolled and extruded aluminum products and 24 recycling and specification alloy manufacturing plants. Our 40th production facility is a state-of-the-art aluminum rolling mill in China that produces semi-finished rolled aluminum products (the “Zhenjiang rolling mill”), through our wholly owned subsidiary, Aleris Aluminum (Zhenjiang) Co., Ltd. (“Aleris Zhenjiang”). We possess a combination of low-cost, flexible and technically advanced manufacturing operations supported by an industry-leading research and development platform. Our facilities are strategically located to service our customers, which include a number of the world’s largest companies in the aerospace, automotive and other transportation industries, building and construction, containers and packaging and metal distribution industries.
For a majority of our businesses, London Metal Exchange (“LME”) aluminum prices serve as the pricing mechanism for both the aluminum we purchase and the products we sell. Aluminum and other metal costs represented approximately 70% of our costs of sales for the nine months ended September 30, 2013. Aluminum prices are determined by worldwide forces of supply and demand and, as a result, aluminum prices are volatile. Average LME aluminum prices per ton for the three months ended September 30, 2013 and 2012 were $1,781 and $1,918, respectively, which represents a decrease of 7%. Average LME aluminum prices per ton for the nine months ended September 30, 2013 and 2012 were $1,872 and $2,025, respectively, which represents a decrease of 8%. Our business model strives to reduce the impact of aluminum price fluctuations on our financial results and protect and stabilize our margins, principally through pass-through pricing (market-based aluminum price plus a conversion fee), tolling arrangements (conversion of customer-owned material) and derivative financial instruments.
As a result of utilizing LME aluminum prices to both buy our raw materials and to sell our products, we are able to pass through aluminum price changes in the majority of our commercial transactions. Consequently, while our revenues can
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fluctuate significantly as LME aluminum prices change, we would expect the impact of these price changes on our profitability to be less significant. Approximately 85% of our global rolled products sales for the year ended December 31, 2012 were generated from aluminum pass-through arrangements. In addition to using LME prices to establish our invoice prices to customers, we utilize derivative financial instruments to further reduce the impacts of changing aluminum prices. Derivative financial instruments are entered into at the time fixed prices are established for aluminum purchases or sales, on a net basis, and allow us to fix the margin to be realized on our long-term contracts and on short-term contracts where selling prices are not established at the same time as the physical purchase price of aluminum. However, as we have elected not to account for our derivative financial instruments as hedges for accounting purposes, changes in the fair value of our derivative financial instruments are included in our results of operations immediately. These changes in fair value (referred to as “unrealized gains and losses”) can have a significant impact on our pre-tax income in the same way LME aluminum prices can have a significant impact on our revenues. In assessing the performance of our operating segments, we exclude these unrealized gains and losses, electing to include them only at the time of settlement to better match the period in which the underlying physical purchases and sales affect earnings.
Although our business model strives to reduce the impact of aluminum price fluctuations on our financial results, it cannot eliminate the impact completely. For example, the profitability of our recycling and specification alloy segments is impacted by changes in scrap aluminum prices whose movement may not be correlated to the price we are able to charge our customers. In addition, at times the profitability of our RPNA segment is impacted by changes in scrap aluminum prices whose movement may not be correlated to movements in LME prices.
For additional information on the key factors impacting our profitability, see “– Our Segments” and “– Critical Measures of Our Financial Performance,” below.
Our Segments
We report six operating segments based on the organizational structure that we use to evaluate performance, make decisions on resource allocations and perform business reviews of financial results. The Company’s operating segments (each of which is considered a reportable segment) are:
▪ | Rolled Products North America (“RPNA”); |
▪ | Rolled Products Europe (“RPEU”); |
▪ | Rolled Products Asia Pacific (“RPAP”); |
▪ | Extrusions; |
▪ | Recycling and Specification Alloys North America (“RSAA”); and |
▪ | Recycling and Specification Alloys Europe (“RSEU”). |
In addition to analyzing our consolidated operating performance based upon revenues and net income and loss attributable to Aleris Corporation before interest, taxes, depreciation and amortization (“EBITDA”), we measure the performance of our operating segments utilizing segment income and loss, segment Adjusted EBITDA and commercial margin. Segment income and loss includes gross profits, segment specific realized gains and losses on derivative financial instruments, segment specific other income and expense, segment specific selling, general and administrative (“SG&A”) expenses and an allocation of certain regional and global functional SG&A expenses. Segment income and loss excludes provisions for and benefits from income taxes, restructuring items, interest, depreciation and amortization, unrealized and certain realized gains and losses on derivative financial instruments, corporate general and administrative costs, start-up expenses, gains and losses on asset sales, currency exchange gains and losses on debt, gains and losses on intercompany receivables, reorganization items and certain other gains and losses. Intersegment sales and transfers are recorded at market value. Consolidated cash, net capitalized debt costs, deferred tax assets and assets related to our headquarters offices are not allocated to the segments. Prior period segment asset amounts have been restated to conform to the current definition of segment assets, which was changed in the first quarter of 2013 to include the assets of Aleris Zhenjiang.
Segment Adjusted EBITDA eliminates from segment income and loss the impact of recording inventory and other items at fair value through fresh-start and purchase accounting and metal price lag, which represents the financial impact of the timing difference between when aluminum prices included within our revenues are established and when aluminum purchase prices included in our cost of sales are established, net of the impact of our hedging activities. Commercial margin represents revenues less the hedged cost of metal, or the raw material costs included in our cost of sales, net of the impact of our hedging activities and the effects of metal price lag. Segment Adjusted EBITDA and commercial margin are non-GAAP financial
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measures that have limitations as analytical tools and should be considered in addition to, and not in isolation, or as a substitute for, or as superior to, our measures of financial performance prepared in accordance with GAAP. Management uses segment Adjusted EBITDA in managing and assessing the performance of our business segments and overall business and believes that segment Adjusted EBITDA provides investors and other users of our financial information with additional useful information regarding the ongoing performance of the underlying business activities of our segments, as well as comparisons between our current results and results in prior periods. Management also uses commercial margin as a performance metric and believes that it provides useful information regarding the performance of our segments because it measures the price at which we sell our aluminum products above the hedged cost of the metal and the effects of metal price lag, thereby reflecting the value-added components of our commercial activities independent of aluminum prices which we cannot control.
For additional information regarding non-GAAP financial measures, see “– Non-GAAP Financial Measures.”
Rolled Products North America
Our RPNA segment consists of eight manufacturing facilities located throughout the United States that produce rolled aluminum and coated products. Our RPNA segment produces rolled products for a wide variety of applications, including building and construction, distribution, transportation, and other uses in the consumer durables general industrial segments. Except for depot sales, which are for standard size products, substantially all of our rolled aluminum products in the U.S. are manufactured to specific customer requirements, using direct-chill, continuous ingot cast and pellet compaction technologies that allow us to use and offer a variety of alloys and products for a number of end-uses. Specifically, those products are integrated into, among other applications, building panels, truck trailers, gutters, appliances and recreational vehicles.
Segment metric tons invoiced, segment revenues, segment commercial margin, segment income and segment Adjusted EBITDA, along with the related reconciliations, are presented below:
For the three months ended | For the nine months ended | |||||||||||||||
September 30, | September 30, | |||||||||||||||
2013 | 2012 | 2013 | 2012 | |||||||||||||
Rolled Products North America | (dollars in millions, except per ton measures, volume in thousands of tons) | |||||||||||||||
Segment metric tons invoiced | 91.2 | 102.2 | 286.7 | 304.8 | ||||||||||||
Segment revenues | $ | 293.6 | $ | 328.8 | $ | 931.1 | $ | 1,003.3 | ||||||||
Hedged cost of metal | (180.9 | ) | (204.6 | ) | (576.4 | ) | (632.2 | ) | ||||||||
Favorable metal price lag | (1.2 | ) | (0.6 | ) | (3.2 | ) | (3.0 | ) | ||||||||
Segment commercial margin | $ | 111.5 | $ | 123.6 | $ | 351.5 | $ | 368.1 | ||||||||
Segment commercial margin per ton invoiced | $ | 1,222.5 | $ | 1,209.6 | $ | 1,226.1 | $ | 1,207.7 | ||||||||
Segment income | $ | 21.5 | $ | 30.3 | $ | 77.6 | $ | 91.2 | ||||||||
Favorable metal price lag | (1.2 | ) | (0.6 | ) | (3.2 | ) | (3.0 | ) | ||||||||
Segment Adjusted EBITDA (1) | $ | 20.4 | $ | 29.7 | $ | 74.4 | $ | 88.2 | ||||||||
Segment Adjusted EBITDA per ton invoiced | $ | 223.4 | $ | 290.7 | $ | 259.5 | $ | 289.3 |
(1) Amounts may not foot as they represent the calculated totals based on actual amounts and not the rounded amounts presented in this table.
Rolled Products Europe
Our RPEU segment consists of two rolled aluminum products manufacturing facilities, located in Germany and Belgium, as well as an aluminum casting plant in Germany that produces rolling slab and billets used by our RPEU and Extrusions segments. Our RPEU segment produces rolled products for a wide variety of technically sophisticated applications, including aerospace plate and sheet, brazing sheet (clad aluminum material used for, among other applications, vehicle radiators and HVAC systems), automotive sheet, and heat treated plate for engineering uses, as well as for other uses in the transportation, construction and packaging industries. Substantially all of our rolled aluminum products in Europe are manufactured to specific customer requirements using direct-chill ingot cast technologies that allow us to use and offer a variety of alloys and products for a number of technically demanding end-uses.
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Segment metric tons invoiced, segment revenues, segment commercial margin, segment income and segment Adjusted EBITDA, along with the related reconciliations, are presented below:
For the three months ended | For the nine months ended | |||||||||||||||
September 30, | September 30, | |||||||||||||||
2013 | 2012 | 2013 | 2012 | |||||||||||||
Rolled Products Europe | (dollars in millions, except per ton measures, volume in thousands of tons) | |||||||||||||||
Segment metric tons invoiced | 84.6 | 78.5 | 264.1 | 222.8 | ||||||||||||
Segment revenues | $ | 356.2 | $ | 330.6 | $ | 1,104.1 | $ | 1,008.7 | ||||||||
Hedged cost of metal | (202.2 | ) | (179.3 | ) | (630.6 | ) | (567.9 | ) | ||||||||
Favorable metal price lag | (4.0 | ) | (2.6 | ) | (13.5 | ) | (6.4 | ) | ||||||||
Segment commercial margin | $ | 150.0 | $ | 148.7 | $ | 460.0 | $ | 434.4 | ||||||||
Segment commercial margin per ton invoiced | $ | 1,773.1 | $ | 1,894.4 | $ | 1,741.5 | $ | 1,950.2 | ||||||||
Segment income | $ | 37.1 | $ | 42.6 | $ | 114.9 | $ | 126.4 | ||||||||
Impact of recording amounts at fair value through fresh-start and purchase accounting | — | (0.2 | ) | (0.1 | ) | (0.7 | ) | |||||||||
Favorable metal price lag | (4.0 | ) | (2.6 | ) | (13.5 | ) | (6.4 | ) | ||||||||
Segment Adjusted EBITDA (1) | $ | 33.1 | $ | 39.8 | $ | 101.3 | $ | 119.3 | ||||||||
Segment Adjusted EBITDA per ton invoiced | $ | 391.6 | $ | 507.4 | $ | 383.5 | $ | 535.4 |
(1) Amounts may not foot as they represent the calculated totals based on actual amounts and not the rounded amounts presented in this table.
Rolled Products Asia Pacific
Our RPAP segment consists of the Zhenjiang rolling mill, a state-of-the-art aluminum rolling mill in Zhenjiang City, Jiangsu Province, China, that will produce value-added plate products for the aerospace, engineering, distribution, building and construction, and other transportation industry segments worldwide. We designed the mill with the capability to expand into other high value-added products with a wide variety of technically sophisticated applications. Construction of the mill was substantially complete in 2012 and limited production began in the beginning of 2013. The mill will continue to incur start-up expenses as we increase volume to full production. These start-up expenses are tied to non-recurring operating losses expected to be incurred while the mill is ramping up production, as well as expenses associated with obtaining certification to produce aircraft plate. Substantially all of our rolled aluminum products in China will be manufactured to specific customer requirements using direct-chill ingot cast technologies that allow us to use and offer a variety of alloys and products for a number of technically demanding end-uses. Revenues for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2013 were $7.9 million and $13.7 million, respectively. For the nine months ended September 30, 2013, segment loss and segment Adjusted EBITDA were both losses of $0.2 million. Segment loss and segment Adjusted EBITDA exclude start-up operating losses and expenses, as well as depreciation expense during the start-up period. Total start-up expenses were $6.9 million and $26.8 million for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2013, respectively. Total depreciation expense was $5.6 million and $11.6 million for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2013, respectively.
Extrusions
Our Extrusions segment produces soft and hard alloy extruded aluminum profiles targeted at high demand end-uses. Our extruded aluminum products are used for the aerospace, automotive, building and construction, electrical, mechanical engineering and other transportation (rail and shipbuilding) industries. The extruded products business includes five extrusion facilities located in Germany, Belgium and China. Industrial extrusions are made in all locations and the production of extrusion systems, including building systems, is concentrated in Vogt, Germany. Large extrusions and project business serving rail and other transportation sectors are concentrated in Bonn, Germany and Tianjin, China, with rods and hard alloys produced in Duffel, Belgium. The extrusion plant in Bonn operates one of the largest extrusion presses in Europe, which is mainly used for long and wide sections for railway, shipbuilding and other applications. In addition, we perform value-added fabrication to most of our extruded products.
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Segment metric tons invoiced, segment revenues, segment commercial margin, segment income and segment Adjusted EBITDA, along with the related reconciliations, are presented below:
For the three months ended | For the nine months ended | |||||||||||||||
September 30, | September 30, | |||||||||||||||
2013 | 2012 | 2013 | 2012 | |||||||||||||
Extrusions | (dollars in millions, except per ton measures, volume in thousands of tons) | |||||||||||||||
Segment metric tons invoiced | 17.4 | 16.8 | 53.2 | 53.4 | ||||||||||||
Segment revenues | $ | 90.1 | $ | 89.1 | $ | 273.1 | $ | 276.7 | ||||||||
Hedged cost of metal | (48.8 | ) | (47.7 | ) | (148.6 | ) | (152.2 | ) | ||||||||
Favorable metal price lag | — | (1.5 | ) | (1.3 | ) | (2.7 | ) | |||||||||
Segment commercial margin | $ | 41.3 | $ | 39.9 | $ | 123.2 | $ | 121.8 | ||||||||
Segment commercial margin per ton invoiced | $ | 2,369.9 | $ | 2,371.9 | $ | 2,313.6 | $ | 2,280.4 | ||||||||
Segment income | $ | 4.3 | $ | 5.6 | $ | 11.9 | $ | 16.5 | ||||||||
Impact of recording amounts at fair value through fresh-start and purchase accounting | — | — | — | (0.1 | ) | |||||||||||
Favorable metal price lag | — | (1.5 | ) | (1.3 | ) | (2.7 | ) | |||||||||
Segment Adjusted EBITDA (1) | $ | 4.3 | $ | 4.1 | $ | 10.6 | $ | 13.8 | ||||||||
Segment Adjusted EBITDA per ton invoiced | $ | 248.7 | $ | 243.7 | $ | 199.0 | $ | 257.8 |
(1) Amounts may not foot as they represent the calculated totals based on actual amounts and not the rounded amounts presented in this table.
Recycling and Specification Alloys North America
Our RSAA segment includes aluminum melting, processing and recycling activities, as well as our specification alloy manufacturing business, located in North America. Our North American recycling business consists of 18 facilities located in the United States, Canada and Mexico. This segment’s recycling operations convert scrap and dross (a by-product of melting aluminum) and combine these materials with other alloying agents as needed to produce recycled aluminum generally for customers serving end-uses related to automotive, consumer packaging, steel, transportation and construction. The segment’s specification alloy operations combine various aluminum scrap types with hardeners and other additives to produce alloys with chemical compositions and specific properties, including increased strength, formability and wear resistance, as specified by customers for their particular applications. Our specification alloy operations typically deliver products in molten or ingot form to customers principally in the North American automotive industry. A significant percentage of this segment’s volume are sold through tolling arrangements, in which we convert customer-owned scrap and dross and return the recycled metal in ingot or molten form to our customers for a fee.
Segment metric tons invoiced, segment revenues, segment commercial margin, segment income and segment Adjusted EBITDA are presented below (for the periods presented below, there were no reconciling items between segment income and
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segment Adjusted EBITDA):
For the three months ended | For the nine months ended | |||||||||||||||
September 30, | September 30, | |||||||||||||||
2013 | 2012 | 2013 | 2012 | |||||||||||||
Recycling and Specification Alloys North America | (dollars in millions, except per ton measures, volume in thousands of tons) | |||||||||||||||
Segment buy and sell metric tons invoiced | 95.5 | 90.5 | 283.6 | 285.2 | ||||||||||||
Segment toll metric tons invoiced | 120.6 | 120.6 | 364.4 | 377.4 | ||||||||||||
Segment metric tons invoiced | 216.1 | 211.1 | 648.0 | 662.6 | ||||||||||||
Segment revenues | $ | 232.5 | $ | 219.1 | $ | 705.5 | $ | 732.4 | ||||||||
Hedged cost of metal | (156.6 | ) | (149.4 | ) | (487.9 | ) | (509.1 | ) | ||||||||
Segment commercial margin | $ | 75.9 | $ | 69.7 | $ | 217.6 | $ | 223.3 | ||||||||
Segment commercial margin per ton invoiced | $ | 351.5 | $ | 330.0 | $ | 335.7 | $ | 336.9 | ||||||||
Segment income | $ | 15.7 | $ | 9.2 | $ | 39.1 | $ | 40.4 | ||||||||
Segment Adjusted EBITDA | 15.7 | 9.2 | 39.1 | 40.4 | ||||||||||||
Segment Adjusted EBITDA per ton invoiced | 72.8 | 43.4 | 60.4 | 61.0 |
Recycling and Specification Alloys Europe
We are a leading European recycler of aluminum scrap and magnesium through our RSEU segment. Our recycling operations primarily convert aluminum scrap, dross and other alloying agents as needed and deliver the recycled metal and specification alloys in molten or ingot form to our customers. Our European recycling business consists of six facilities located in Germany, Norway and Wales. Our RSEU segment supplies specification alloys to the European automobile industry and serves other European aluminum industries from its plants. The segment’s specification alloy operations combine various aluminum scrap types with hardeners and other additives to produce alloys with chemical compositions and specific properties, including increased strength, formability and wear resistance, as specified by customers for their particular applications. Our recycling operations typically service other aluminum producers and manufacturers, generally under tolling arrangements, where we convert customer-owned scrap and dross and return the recycled metal to our customers for a fee.
Segment metric tons invoiced, segment revenues, segment commercial margin, segment income and segment Adjusted EBITDA are presented below (for the periods presented below, there were no reconciling items between segment income and segment Adjusted EBITDA):
For the three months ended | For the nine months ended | |||||||||||||||
September 30, | September 30, | |||||||||||||||
2013 | 2012 | 2013 | 2012 | |||||||||||||
Recycling and Specification Alloys Europe | (dollars in millions, except per ton measures, volume in thousands of tons) | |||||||||||||||
Segment buy and sell metric tons invoiced | 47.2 | 51.2 | 149.0 | 155.1 | ||||||||||||
Segment toll metric tons invoiced | 42.8 | 44.3 | 129.7 | 140.8 | ||||||||||||
Segment metric tons invoiced | 90.0 | 95.5 | 278.7 | 295.9 | ||||||||||||
Segment revenues | $ | 134.6 | $ | 142.8 | $ | 429.8 | $ | 456.8 | ||||||||
Hedged cost of metal | (90.0 | ) | (98.6 | ) | (293.6 | ) | (314.7 | ) | ||||||||
Segment commercial margin | $ | 44.6 | $ | 44.2 | $ | 136.2 | $ | 142.1 | ||||||||
Segment commercial margin per ton invoiced | $ | 495.1 | $ | 463.2 | $ | 488.6 | $ | 480.2 | ||||||||
Segment income | $ | 3.7 | $ | 4.7 | $ | 10.1 | $ | 17.4 | ||||||||
Segment Adjusted EBITDA | 3.7 | 4.7 | 10.1 | 17.4 | ||||||||||||
Segment Adjusted EBITDA per ton invoiced | 41.2 | 49.2 | 36.2 | 58.8 |
The Aluminum Industry
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The overall aluminum industry consists of primary aluminum producers, aluminum casters, extruders, sheet producers, aluminum recyclers and integrated companies that are present across multiple stages of the aluminum production chain. Primary aluminum is commodity traded and priced daily on the LME. Most primary aluminum producers are engaged in the mining of bauxite ore and refining of the ore into alumina. Alumina is then smelted to form aluminum ingots and billets. Ingots and billets are further processed by aluminum sheet manufacturers and extruders to form plate, sheet and foil and extrusions profiles, or they are sold to aluminum traders or to the commodity markets. Aluminum recyclers produce aluminum in molten or ingot form.
We participate in select segments of the aluminum fabricated products industry, including rolled and extruded products; we also recycle aluminum and produce aluminum specification alloys. We do not smelt aluminum, nor do we participate in other upstream activities, including mining bauxite or processing alumina. Our industry is cyclical and is affected by global economic conditions, industry competition and product development. Compared to several substitute metals, aluminum is lightweight, has a high strength-to-weight ratio and is resistant to corrosion. Also, aluminum is somewhat unique in that it can be recycled repeatedly without any material decline in performance or quality, which delivers both energy and capital investment savings relative to the cost of smelting primary aluminum.
Critical Measures of Our Financial Performance
The financial performance of our segments are the result of several factors, the most critical of which are as follows:
▪ | volumes; |
▪ | commercial margins; and |
▪ | cash conversion costs. |
The financial performance of our businesses is determined, in part, by the volume of metric tons invoiced and processed. Increased production volume will result in lower per unit costs, while higher invoiced volume will result in additional revenue and associated margins. As a significant component of our revenue is derived from aluminum prices that we generally pass through to our customers, we measure the performance of our segments based upon a percentage of and the per ton average “commercial margin” in addition to a percentage of revenue and revenue per ton. Commercial margin removes the hedged cost of the metal we purchase and metal price lag from our revenue. Commercial margins capture the value-added components of our business and are impacted by factors, including rolling margins (the fee we charge to convert aluminum in our rolled products and extrusions businesses), toll fees, product yields from our manufacturing process, the value-added mix of products sold and scrap spreads, which management are able to influence more readily than aluminum prices and, therefore, provide another basis upon which certain elements of our segments’ performance can be measured.
Although our conversion fee-based pricing model is designed to reduce the impact of changing primary aluminum prices, we remain susceptible to the impact of these changes on our operating results. This exposure exists because we value our inventories under the first-in, first-out method, which leads to the purchase price of inventory typically impacting our cost of sales in periods subsequent to when the related sales price impacts our revenues. This lag will, generally, increase our earnings in times of rising primary aluminum prices and decrease our earnings in times of declining primary aluminum prices.
Our exposure to changing primary aluminum prices, both in terms of liquidity and operating results, is greater for fixed price sales contracts and other sales contracts where aluminum price changes are not able to be passed along to our customers. In addition, our rolled products and extrusions operations require that a significant amount of inventory be kept on hand to meet future production requirements. This base level of inventory is also susceptible to changing primary aluminum prices to the extent it is not committed to fixed price sales orders.
In order to reduce these exposures, we focus on reducing working capital and offsetting future physical purchases and sales. We also utilize various derivative financial instruments designed to reduce the impact of changing primary aluminum prices on these net physical purchases and sales and on inventory for which a fixed sale price has not yet been determined. Our risk management practices reduce but do not eliminate our exposure to changing primary aluminum prices and, while we have limited our exposure to unfavorable price changes, we have also limited our ability to benefit from favorable price changes. Further, our counterparties may require that we post cash collateral if the fair value of our derivative liabilities exceed the amount of credit granted by each counterparty, thereby reducing our liquidity. At September 30, 2013 and December 31, 2012, no cash collateral was posted.
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We refer to the difference between the price of primary aluminum included in our revenues and the price of aluminum impacting our cost of sales, net of realized gains and losses from our hedging activities, as “metal price lag.” Metal price lag will, generally, increase our earnings and EBITDA in times of rising primary aluminum prices and decrease our earnings and EBITDA in times of declining primary aluminum prices. We seek to reduce this impact through the use of derivative financial instruments. We exclude metal price lag from our determination of Adjusted EBITDA because it is not an indicator of the performance of our underlying operations. We exclude the impact of metal price lag from our measurement of commercial margin to more closely align the metal prices inherent in our sales prices to those included in our cost of sales. The impact of metal price lag is not significant in our recycling and specification alloy operations as we are able to match physical purchases with physical sales, maintain low levels of inventories and conduct a substantial amount of our business on a toll basis, as discussed below.
In addition to rolling margins and product mix, commercial margins of our rolled products business are impacted by the differences between changes in the prices of primary and scrap aluminum, as well as the availability of scrap aluminum, particularly in our Rolled Products North America segment where aluminum scrap is used more frequently than in our European operations. As we price our product using the prevailing price of primary aluminum but purchase large amounts of scrap aluminum to produce our products, we benefit when primary aluminum price increases exceed scrap price increases. Conversely, when scrap price increases exceed primary aluminum price increases, our commercial margin will be negatively impacted. The difference between the price of primary aluminum and scrap prices is referred to as the “scrap spread” and is impacted by the effectiveness of our scrap purchasing activities, the supply of scrap available and movements in the terminal commodity markets, such as the LME price of aluminum.
The commercial margins of our recycling and specification alloy operations are impacted by the fees we charge our tolling customers to process their metal and by “metal spreads” which represent the difference between the purchase price of the scrap aluminum we buy and our selling prices. While an aluminum commodity market for scrap exists in Europe, there is no comparable market that is widely-utilized commercially in North America. As a result, scrap prices in North America tend to be determined regionally and are significantly impacted by supply and demand. While scrap prices may trend in a similar direction as primary aluminum prices, the extent of price movements is not highly correlated and can cause unpredictable movements in metal spreads.
Our operations are labor intensive and also require a significant amount of energy (primarily natural gas and electricity) be consumed to melt scrap or primary aluminum and to re-heat and roll aluminum slabs into rolled products. As a result, we incur a significant amount of fixed and variable labor and overhead costs which we refer to as conversion costs. Conversion costs excluding depreciation expense, or cash conversion costs, on a per ton basis are a critical measure of the effectiveness of our operations.
Revenues and margin percentages for our recycling and specification alloy operations are subject to fluctuations based upon the percentage of customer-owned metric tons tolled or processed. Increased processing under such tolling agreements results in lower revenues and generally also results in higher gross profit margins and net income margins. Tolling agreements subject us to less risk of changing metal prices and reduce our working capital requirements. Although tolling agreements are beneficial to us in these ways, the percentage of our metric tons able to be processed under these agreements is limited by the amount of metal our customers own and their willingness to enter into such arrangements.
Seasonality and Management Outlook
Certain of our rolled and extruded products and recycling and specification alloy end-uses are seasonal. Demand in the rolled and extruded products business is generally stronger in the spring and summer seasons due to higher demand in the building and construction industry. Our recycling business experiences greater demand in the spring season due to stronger demand from the automotive industry and demand from customers serving the beverage can industry. Such factors typically result in higher operating income in our second and third quarters, followed by our first and fourth quarters.
We estimate fourth quarter 2013 segment income and Adjusted EBITDA will be lower than the third quarter of 2013 due to normal seasonality and lower than the fourth quarter of 2012 as a result of customer destocking due to excess aerospace plate inventory and general economic uncertainty going into the fiscal year-end. Weaker demand from the global aerospace industry is expected over the next few quarters as aircraft manufacturers continue to look to destock current high levels of raw material inventory. In addition, given the current LME price of aluminum, we expect scrap spreads in our North American rolled products business will continue to be tight. However, we expect metal spreads for specification alloys in North America will be consistent with the third quarter of 2013 and higher than the fourth quarter of 2012. Automotive demand and volume is also
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expected to improve in the fourth quarter of 2013. Capital expenditures during the fourth quarter of 2013 are expected to be lower than the fourth quarter of 2012 as we return to more normalized levels, and we have revised our 2013 annual capital expenditures target to $250 million. As we continue to move through 2013 and into 2014, we expect to continue to see a greater impact from our strategic growth initiatives as we qualify more customers and ramp-up volume.
Results of Operations
Three Months Ended September 30, 2013 Compared to the Three Months Ended September 30, 2012
Revenues for the three months ended September 30, 2013 decreased $7.6 million when compared to the prior year period. Lower aluminum prices, volume and rolling margins decreased revenues by approximately $42.0 million. The 2% reduction in overall volume was primarily driven by lower demand for building and construction products in North America and lower recycling and specification alloy demand in Europe. This decline was partially offset by shipments from the Zhenjiang rolling mill as well as increased demand from our automotive customers in North America and for rolled and extruded products from our automotive customers in Europe. In addition, the weaker U.S. dollar increased revenues by approximately $26.0 million.
Gross profit for the three months ended September 30, 2013 was $80.7 million compared to $120.2 million for the three months ended September 30, 2012. The impact of tighter rolled products scrap spreads, which resulted from lower aluminum selling prices and higher relative scrap purchase prices, reduced gross profit by approximately $6.0 million. Lower rolling margins for certain rolled products in North America and Europe and lower overall volume each reduced gross profit by approximately $3.0 million. Higher costs associated with inflation in employee, energy, paint and freight costs also reduced gross profits by approximately $10.0 million, more than offsetting approximately $2.0 million of productivity related savings. In addition, losses associated with the start-up of production at the Zhenjiang rolling mill and higher depreciation expense associated with increased capital expenditures throughout 2012 reduced gross profit by $5.0 million and $8.8 million, respectively. Metal price lag, excluding realized gains on metal derivative financial instruments, negatively impacted gross profit for the three months ended September 30, 2013 by an estimated $0.9 million, while it positively impacted gross profit for the three months ended September 30, 2012 by $4.0 million. These decreases were partially offset by improved recycling and specification alloy metal spreads in North America, which increased gross profit by approximately $3.0 million.
SG&A expenses were $56.4 million for the three months ended September 30, 2013 as compared to $66.5 million for the three months ended September 30, 2012. The $10.1 million decrease primarily resulted from cost reduction and restructuring initiatives, which decreased employee, travel and professional services costs by approximately $10.3 million, as well as lower SG&A-related start-up expenses associated with the Zhenjiang rolling mill of approximately $4.8 million. These decreases were partially offset by a $3.0 million increase in stock-based compensation expense due to the accelerated vesting conditions for certain stock options granted during the third quarter of 2013 and a $2.6 million increase in depreciation expense.
During the three months ended September 30, 2013 and 2012, we recorded realized (gains) losses on derivative financial instruments of $(5.4) million and $0.8 million, respectively, and unrealized losses of $3.2 million and $0.5 million, respectively. Generally, our realized gains or losses represent the cash paid or received upon settlement of our derivative financial instruments. Unrealized gains or losses reflect the change in the fair value of derivative financial instruments from the later of the end of the prior period or our entering into the derivative instrument as well as the reversal of previously recorded unrealized gains or losses for derivatives that settled during the period.
Further impacting our 2013 third quarter results was a $15.5 million increase in net interest expense due to the issuance of $500.0 million of 7 7/8% Senior Notes (as defined below) on October 23, 2012, increased borrowings under the China Loan Facility (as defined below) and decreased capitalized interest when compared to the third quarter of 2012. Other expense increased $3.5 million primarily due to an increase in currency exchange losses when compared to the prior year period.
The following table presents key financial and operating data on a consolidated basis for the three months ended September 30, 2013 and 2012:
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For the three months ended | |||||||||||||||
September 30, | |||||||||||||||
2013 | 2012 | Change | % Change | ||||||||||||
(dollars in millions) | |||||||||||||||
Revenues | $ | 1,073.4 | $ | 1,081.0 | $ | (7.6 | ) | (1 | )% | ||||||
Cost of sales | 992.7 | 960.8 | 31.9 | 3 | |||||||||||
Gross profit | 80.7 | 120.2 | (39.5 | ) | (33 | ) | |||||||||
Gross profit as a percentage of revenues | 7.5 | % | 11.1 | % | (3.6 | )% | (32 | ) | |||||||
Selling, general and administrative expenses | 56.4 | 66.5 | (10.1 | ) | (15 | ) | |||||||||
Restructuring charges | 1.0 | 0.6 | 0.4 | * | |||||||||||
(Gains) losses on derivative financial instruments | (2.3 | ) | 1.3 | (3.6 | ) | * | |||||||||
Other operating expense, net | 0.8 | 0.2 | 0.6 | 300 | |||||||||||
Operating income | 24.8 | 51.6 | (26.8 | ) | (52 | ) | |||||||||
Interest expense, net | 26.2 | 10.7 | 15.5 | 145 | |||||||||||
Other expense, net | 4.4 | 0.9 | 3.5 | * | |||||||||||
(Loss) income before income taxes | (5.8 | ) | 40.0 | (45.8 | ) | (115 | ) | ||||||||
Provision for income taxes | 1.3 | 7.5 | (6.2 | ) | (83 | ) | |||||||||
Net (loss) income | (7.1 | ) | 32.5 | (39.6 | ) | (122 | ) | ||||||||
Net income (loss) attributable to noncontrolling interest | 0.2 | (0.3 | ) | 0.5 | * | ||||||||||
Net (loss) income attributable to Aleris Corporation | $ | (7.3 | ) | $ | 32.8 | $ | (40.1 | ) | (122 | )% | |||||
Total segment income | $ | 82.3 | $ | 92.4 | $ | (10.1 | ) | (11 | )% | ||||||
Depreciation and amortization | (31.4 | ) | (20.0 | ) | (11.4 | ) | 57 | ||||||||
Corporate general and administrative expenses, excluding depreciation, amortization, start-up expenses and other expenses | (14.8 | ) | (12.9 | ) | (1.9 | ) | 15 | ||||||||
Interest expense, net | (26.2 | ) | (10.7 | ) | (15.5 | ) | 145 | ||||||||
Unallocated losses on derivative financial instruments | (3.2 | ) | (0.7 | ) | (2.5 | ) | 357 | % | |||||||
Unallocated currency exchange (losses) gains | (2.7 | ) | 0.7 | (3.4 | ) | * | |||||||||
Restructuring charges | (1.0 | ) | (0.6 | ) | (0.4 | ) | * | ||||||||
Start-up expenses | (7.6 | ) | (7.9 | ) | 0.3 | * | |||||||||
Other expense, net | (1.2 | ) | (0.3 | ) | (0.9 | ) | * | ||||||||
(Loss) income before income taxes | $ | (5.8 | ) | $ | 40.0 | $ | (45.8 | ) | (115 | )% |
* Result is not meaningful.
Revenues and Metric Tons Invoiced
The following tables present revenues and metric tons invoiced by segment:
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For the three months ended | |||||||||||||||
September 30, | |||||||||||||||
2013 | 2012 | Change | % Change | ||||||||||||
Revenues: | (dollars in millions, metric tons in thousands) | ||||||||||||||
RPNA | $ | 293.6 | $ | 328.8 | $ | (35.2 | ) | (11 | )% | ||||||
RPEU | 356.2 | 330.6 | 25.6 | 8 | |||||||||||
RPAP | 7.9 | — | 7.9 | * | |||||||||||
Extrusions | 90.1 | 89.1 | 1.0 | 1 | |||||||||||
RSAA | 232.5 | 219.1 | 13.4 | 6 | |||||||||||
RSEU | 134.6 | 142.8 | (8.2 | ) | (6 | ) | |||||||||
Intersegment revenues | (41.5 | ) | (29.4 | ) | (12.1 | ) | * | ||||||||
Consolidated revenues | $ | 1,073.4 | $ | 1,081.0 | $ | (7.6 | ) | (1 | )% | ||||||
Metric tons invoiced: | |||||||||||||||
RPNA | 91.2 | 102.2 | (11.0 | ) | (11 | )% | |||||||||
RPEU | 84.6 | 78.5 | 6.1 | 8 | |||||||||||
RPAP | 1.9 | — | 1.9 | * | |||||||||||
Extrusions | 17.4 | 16.8 | 0.6 | 4 | |||||||||||
RSAA | 216.1 | 211.1 | 5.0 | 2 | |||||||||||
RSEU | 90.0 | 95.5 | (5.5 | ) | (6 | ) | |||||||||
Intersegment shipments | (15.4 | ) | (10.9 | ) | (4.5 | ) | * | ||||||||
Total metric tons invoiced | 485.7 | 493.2 | (7.5 | ) | (2 | )% |
* Result is not meaningful.
The following table presents the estimated impact of key factors that resulted in the 1% decrease in our consolidated third quarter revenues from 2012 to 2013:
RPNA | RPEU | Extrusions | RSAA | RSEU | Consolidated | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
$ | % | $ | % | $ | % | $ | % | $ | % | $ | % | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
LME / aluminum pass-through | $ | (8.0 | ) | (2 | )% | $ | (8.0 | ) | (2 | )% | $ | (4.0 | ) | (4 | )% | $ | 5.0 | 2 | % | $ | (6.0 | ) | (5 | )% | $ | (21.0 | ) | (2 | )% | ||||||||||||
Commercial price | (2.0 | ) | (1 | ) | (2.0 | ) | (1 | ) | (1.0 | ) | (1 | ) | 2.0 | 1 | 1.0 | 1 | (2.0 | ) | — | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Volume/Mix | (25.0 | ) | (8 | ) | 4.0 | 1 | 1.0 | 1 | 7.0 | 3 | (12.0 | ) | (8 | ) | (25.0 | ) | (2 | ) | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Currency | — | — | 12.0 | 4 | 5.0 | 5 | — | — | 9.0 | 6 | 26.0 | 2 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Acquisition | — | — | 19.0 | 6 | — | — | — | — | — | — | 19.0 | 1 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Other | (0.2 | ) | * | 0.6 | * | — | * | (0.6 | ) | * | (0.2 | ) | * | (0.4 | ) | — | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Total | $ | (35.2 | ) | (11 | )% | $ | 25.6 | 8 | % | $ | 1.0 | 1 | % | $ | 13.4 | 6 | % | $ | (8.2 | ) | (6 | )% | $ | (3.4 | ) | (1 | )% | ||||||||||||||
RPAP and intersegment revenues | (4.2 | ) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Total | $ | (7.6 | ) | (1 | )% |
* Result is not meaningful.
Rolled Products North America Revenues
RPNA revenues for the three months ended September 30, 2013 decreased $35.2 million compared to the three months ended September 30, 2012. This decrease was primarily due to:
▪ | an 11% decrease in shipments, which reduced revenues by approximately $25.0 million. Building and construction volume declined 22% versus the third quarter of 2012 due to customer destocking and a 2012 strike at a competitor, which temporarily increased volume during 2012. Excluding the impact of the strike, total building and construction volume was down 14% versus the third quarter of 2012. |
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▪ | lower LME aluminum prices, which reduced the average price of primary aluminum included in our invoiced prices. Aluminum price decreases accounted for approximately $8.0 million of the decrease in revenues; and |
▪ | continued pressure from common alloy imports decreased revenues by approximately $2.0 million. |
Rolled Products Europe Revenues
RPEU revenues for the three months ended September 30, 2013 increased $25.6 million compared to the three months ended September 30, 2012. This increase was primarily due to the following:
▪ | the acquisition of the Voerde cast house in August 2012, which accounted for a 7% increase in the segment’s volume, increased segment revenues by approximately $19.0 million, of which $6.8 million related to third party sales; |
▪ | excluding volume associated with the Voerde cast house, revenues increased $4.0 million due to a 1% increase in volume. The increase in revenue was primarily due to increased demand from automotive and heat exchanger customers, partially offset by lower demand for regional plate and sheet as a result of decreased demand from distribution and building and construction customers. Global aerospace volume was also 3% lower impacted by customer destocking; and |
▪ | a weaker U.S. dollar, which increased revenues by approximately $12.0 million. |
These increases were partially offset by lower LME aluminum prices, which reduced the average price of primary aluminum included in our invoiced prices, and pricing pressures due to current economic conditions in Europe. The decrease in prices reduced revenues by approximately $10.0 million.
Extrusions Revenues
Extrusions revenues for the three months ended September 30, 2013 increased $1.0 million compared to the three months ended September 30, 2012 due to the following:
▪ | volume increased 4% due to higher demand from automotive and aerospace customers, which offset the impact that the continued weakness in the European economy had on demand for building and construction and engineered products; and |
▪ | a weaker U.S. dollar, which increased revenues by approximately $5.0 million. |
These increases were partially offset by lower LME aluminum prices, which reduced the average price of primary aluminum included in our invoiced prices when compared to the prior year period, and reduced revenues by approximately $4.0 million.
Recycling and Specification Alloys North America Revenues
RSAA revenues for the three months ended September 30, 2013 increased $13.4 million compared to the three months ended September 30, 2012. The increase was primarily due to the following:
▪ | a 2% increase in volume, coupled with an improved mix of buy and sell volume, increased revenues by approximately $7.0 million. The volume increase was primarily driven by improved demand for specification alloys from the North American automotive industry; and |
▪ | higher specification alloy selling prices, which increased revenues by approximately $7.0 million. |
Recycling and Specification Alloys Europe Revenues
RSEU revenues for the three months ended September 30, 2013 decreased $8.2 million compared to the three months ended September 30, 2012. This decrease was primarily due to the following:
▪ | a 6% decrease in volume primarily due to limited scrap availability, which impacted revenues by approximately $12.0 million; and |
▪ | lower aluminum prices, which reduced revenues by approximately $5.0 million. |
These decreases were partially offset by a weaker U.S. dollar, which increased revenues by approximately $9.0 million.
Segment Income and Gross Profit
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For the three months ended September 30, 2013 and 2012, segment income and our reconciliation of segment income to gross profit are presented below:
For the three months ended | |||||||||||||||
September 30, | |||||||||||||||
2013 | 2012 | Change | % Change | ||||||||||||
Segment income: | (in millions) | ||||||||||||||
RPNA | $ | 21.5 | $ | 30.3 | $ | (8.8 | ) | (29 | )% | ||||||
RPEU | 37.1 | 42.6 | (5.5 | ) | (13 | ) | |||||||||
RPAP | — | — | — | * | |||||||||||
Extrusions | 4.3 | 5.6 | (1.3 | ) | (23 | ) | |||||||||
RSAA | 15.7 | 9.2 | 6.5 | 71 | |||||||||||
RSEU | 3.7 | 4.7 | (1.0 | ) | (21 | ) | |||||||||
Total segment income | 82.3 | 92.4 | (10.1 | ) | (11 | ) | |||||||||
Items excluded from segment income and included in gross profit: | |||||||||||||||
Depreciation | (27.0 | ) | (18.2 | ) | (8.8 | ) | 48 | ||||||||
Start-up expenses | (5.0 | ) | — | (5.0 | ) | * | |||||||||
Other | (0.9 | ) | — | (0.9 | ) | * | |||||||||
Items included in segment income and excluded from gross profit: | |||||||||||||||
Segment selling, general and administrative expenses | 34.1 | 43.9 | (9.8 | ) | (22 | ) | |||||||||
Realized (gains) losses on derivative financial instruments | (5.5 | ) | 0.6 | (6.1 | ) | * | |||||||||
Other expense, net | 2.7 | 1.5 | 1.2 | * | |||||||||||
Gross profit | $ | 80.7 | $ | 120.2 | $ | (39.5 | ) | (33 | )% |
* Result is not meaningful.
Rolled Products North America Segment Income
RPNA segment income for the three months ended September 30, 2013 decreased by $8.8 million compared to the three months ended September 30, 2012. This decrease was primarily due to the following:
▪ | an 11% reduction in volume, which resulted in a reduction of segment income of approximately $4.0 million; |
▪ | tighter scrap spreads and increased use of primary aluminum due to limited scrap availability and lower LME prices, which decreased segment income by approximately $3.0 million; |
▪ | continued pressure from common alloy imports, which decreased segment income by approximately $2.0 million; and |
▪ | higher costs associated with inflation in energy, paint, freight and employee costs, as well as additional costs incurred during the start-up of our wide coating facility in Ashville, Ohio were substantially offset by productivity related savings. |
Rolled Products Europe Segment Income
RPEU segment income for the three months ended September 30, 2013 decreased by $5.5 million compared to the three months ended September 30, 2012. This decrease was primarily due to the following:
▪ | higher costs for purchased slabs and hardeners, as well as increased use of primary aluminum due to low scrap availability, which decreased margins by approximately $3.0 million; |
▪ | unfavorable currency movements decreased segment income by approximately $2.0 million. A weaker U.S. dollar during the third quarter of 2013 reduced margins on the segment’s U.S. dollar-based aerospace and heat exchanger business and more than offset the positive impact on the translation of the segment’s results; and |
▪ | inflation in employee, freight and energy costs and production issues were substantially offset by productivity related savings, resulting in a net reduction in segment income of approximately $1.0 million. |
Extrusions Segment Income
36
Extrusions segment income for the three months ended September 30, 2013 decreased by $1.3 million compared to the three months ended September 30, 2012 as pricing pressures offset an increase in shipment levels and inflation offset productivity related savings. Unfavorable change in metal price lag decreased segment income by an estimated $1.5 million compared to the prior year period.
Recycling and Specification Alloys North America Segment Income
RSAA segment income for the three months ended September 30, 2013 increased by $6.5 million compared to the prior year period. This increase was primarily due to the following:
▪ | improved demand and a better mix of buy and sell volume increased segment income by approximately $3.0 million; |
▪ | improved metal spreads increased segment income by approximately $2.0 million. Scrap purchase prices moderated as more stringent import regulations on scrap sold into China improved scrap flow in North America; and |
▪ | productivity related savings of approximately $4.0 million associated with furnace and scrap optimization initiatives, as well as reduced SG&A spending, which more than offset approximately $2.0 million of higher costs associated with inflation in employee and energy costs. |
Recycling and Specification Alloys Europe Segment Income
RSEU segment income for the three months ended September 30, 2013 decreased by $1.0 million compared to the prior year period. The decrease was primarily due to a 6% decrease in volume, which decreased segment income by approximately $2.0 million. This decrease was partially offset by improved metal spreads, which increased segment income by approximately $1.0 million. Productivity related savings offset higher costs associated with inflation in employee costs.
Selling, General and Administrative Expenses
Consolidated selling, general and administrative expenses decreased $10.1 million compared to the prior year period. The decrease was primarily due to the following:
▪ | segment SG&A expenses decreased $9.8 million compared to the prior year period. The decrease primarily resulted from cost reduction and restructuring initiatives, which focused on reducing personnel costs and travel costs; and |
▪ | corporate SG&A expenses remained consistent in the aggregate when compared to the prior year period. The cost reduction and restructuring initiatives, which focused on reducing personnel costs, professional fees and travel costs resulted in approximately $1.4 million of cost savings. In addition, start-up expenses associated with the Zhenjiang rolling mill decreased by approximately $4.8 million. These decreases were offset by a $3.0 million increase in stock-based compensation expense and a $1.9 million increase in depreciation expense. The increase in stock-based compensation was primarily due to the accelerated vesting conditions for certain stock options granted to our chief executive officer during the third quarter of 2013. |
Gains and Losses on Derivative Financial Instruments
During the three months ended September 30, 2013 and 2012, we recorded the following realized (gains) losses and unrealized losses (gains) on derivative financial instruments:
For the three months ended | ||||||||
September 30, | ||||||||
2013 | 2012 | |||||||
Realized (gains) losses | (in millions) | |||||||
Metal | $ | (6.1 | ) | $ | (0.9 | ) | ||
Natural gas | 0.6 | 1.2 | ||||||
Currency | — | 0.5 | ||||||
Unrealized losses (gains) | ||||||||
Metal | 3.4 | 2.9 | ||||||
Natural gas | (0.2 | ) | (1.9 | ) | ||||
Currency | — | (0.5 | ) | |||||
Total (gains) losses | $ | (2.3 | ) | $ | 1.3 |
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Generally, our realized gains and losses represent the cash paid or received upon settlement of our derivative financial instruments. Unrealized gains and losses reflect the change in the fair value of derivative financial instruments from the later of the end of the prior period or our entering into the derivative instrument as well as the reversal of previously recorded unrealized gains and losses for derivatives that settled during the period. Realized gains and losses are included within segment income while unrealized gains and losses are excluded.
As discussed in the “ - Critical Measures of Our Financial Performance” section above, we utilize derivative financial instruments to reduce the impact of changing metal and natural gas prices on our operating results. We evaluate the performance of our risk management practices, in part, based upon the amount of metal price lag included in our operating results. During the three months ended September 30, 2013, we estimate gross profit was negatively impacted from metal price lag by approximately $0.9 million while we experienced metal hedge gains of $6.1 million. The resulting $5.1 million of net metal price lag improved our consolidated operating results in the third quarter of 2013. During the three months ended September 30, 2012, we estimate gross profit was favorably impacted from metal price lag by approximately $4.0 million while we experienced metal hedge gains of $0.7 million, including $0.2 million of economic losses not recorded within realized gains as discussed above. The resulting $4.7 million of net metal price lag improved our consolidated operating results in the third quarter of 2012.
Interest Expense, net
Interest expense, net for the three months ended September 30, 2013 increased $15.5 million from the comparable period of 2012 due to the issuance of $500.0 million of 7 7/8% Senior Notes (as defined below) on October 23, 2012, increased borrowings under the China Loan Facility (as defined below) and decreased capitalized interest when compared to the third quarter of 2012.
Provision for Income Taxes
Our effective tax rates were (23.9)% and 18.9% for the three months ended September 30, 2013 and 2012, respectively. The effective tax rates for the three months ended September 30, 2013 and 2012 differed from the federal statutory rate applied to income and losses before income taxes primarily as a result of the mix of income, losses and tax rates between tax jurisdictions and valuation allowances.
We have valuation allowances recorded to reduce certain deferred tax assets to amounts that are more likely than not to be realized. The valuation allowances relate to the potential inability to realize our deferred tax assets associated with amortization, pension, postretirement and net operating loss carryforwards in the U.S. and depreciation and net operating loss carryforwards in non-U.S. jurisdictions. We intend to maintain our valuation allowances until sufficient positive evidence exists (such as cumulative positive earnings and estimated future taxable income) to support their reversal.
As of September 30, 2013, we have $1.4 million of unrecognized tax benefits. The majority of the gross unrecognized tax benefits, if recognized, would affect the annual effective tax rate. We recognize interest and penalties related to uncertain tax positions within the “Provision for income taxes” in the Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income. As of September 30, 2013, we had approximately $0.1 million of accrued interest related to uncertain tax positions.
The 2005 through 2012 tax years remain open to examination.
Nine Months Ended September 30, 2013 Compared to the Nine Months Ended September 30, 2012
Revenues for the nine months ended September 30, 2013 were approximately $3.3 billion compared to approximately $3.4 billion for the nine months ended September 30, 2012. Lower aluminum prices and rolling margins decreased revenues by approximately $126.0 million. In addition, a 2% decrease in volume resulted in a decrease in revenues of approximately $15.0 million. The decrease in volume was primarily driven by lower building and construction demand in North America due to the impact of a 2012 strike at a competitor, which temporarily increased volume for rolled products in 2012. The decrease in volume was also due to lower recycling and specification alloy demand in Europe. These decreases were partially offset by increased demand for European regional plate and sheet, automotive rolled products in Europe and transportation products in North America and Europe. A weaker U.S. dollar during 2013 increased revenues by approximately $44.0 million.
Gross profit for the nine months ended September 30, 2013 was $244.0 million compared to $373.8 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2012. Losses associated with the start-up of production at the Zhenjiang rolling mill and higher depreciation expense associated with recent capital investments reduced gross profit by $20.7 million and $26.3 million, respectively. The impact of tighter scrap and metal spreads, resulting from lower aluminum selling prices and higher relative
38
scrap purchase prices, reduced gross profit by approximately $24.0 million. Lower rolling margins for certain North American and European rolled products reduced gross profit by approximately $16.0 million. The decrease in volume for recycled and specification alloy products in Europe and rolled products in North America further reduced gross profit by approximately $8.0 million. Gross profit for the nine months ended September 30, 2013 was also negatively impacted by an estimated $6.7 million of unfavorable metal price lag, excluding realized gains on metal derivative financial instruments. For the nine months ended September 30, 2012, gross profit was positively impacted by $12.5 million of favorable metal price lag, excluding realized losses on metal derivative financial instruments. Higher inflation in employee, paint, energy and freight costs decreased gross profits by approximately $29.0 million, but was partially offset by productivity related savings of approximately $22.0 million generated by our Aleris Operating System (“AOS”) initiatives.
SG&A expenses were $176.4 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2013 as compared to $195.0 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2012. The $18.6 million decrease primarily resulted from cost reduction and restructuring initiatives, which decreased employee, travel and professional services costs by approximately $23.6 million, as well as lower SG&A-related start-up expenses associated with the Zhenjiang rolling mill of approximately $5.3 million. These decreases were partially offset by a $3.1 million increase in stock-based compensation expense primarily due to the accelerated vesting conditions of certain stock options granted during the third quarter of 2013 and a $7.8 million increase in depreciation expense.
Restructuring charges, primarily associated with personnel reductions, totaled $11.4 million during the nine months ended September 30, 2013. The personnel reductions impacted selected selling, general and administrative positions across the company in an effort to reduce our global cost structure and improve operating results. The annual cost savings associated with these reductions is estimated to be $14.0 million.
During the nine months ended September 30, 2013 and 2012, we recorded realized (gains) losses on derivative financial instruments of $(24.3) million and $6.5 million, respectively, and unrealized losses (gains) of $2.9 million and $(3.2) million, respectively. Generally, our realized gains or losses represent the cash paid or received upon settlement of our derivative financial instruments. Unrealized gains or losses reflect the change in the fair value of derivative financial instruments from the later of the end of the prior period or our entering into the derivative instrument as well as the reversal of previously recorded unrealized gains or losses for derivatives that settled during the period.
Further impacting our year-to-date results was a $38.0 million increase in interest expense, net due to the issuance of our $500.0 million aggregate original principal amount of 7 7/8% Senior Notes (as defined below) on October 23, 2012, increased borrowings under the China Loan Facility (as defined below) and decreased capitalized interest when compared to the prior year period. Other expense increased $3.3 million primarily due to an increase in currency exchange losses when compared to the prior year period.
The following table presents key financial and operating data on a consolidated basis for the nine months ended September 30, 2013 and 2012:
39
For the nine months ended | |||||||||||||||
September 30, | |||||||||||||||
2013 | 2012 | Change | % Change | ||||||||||||
(dollars in millions) | |||||||||||||||
Revenues | $ | 3,311.1 | $ | 3,392.2 | $ | (81.1 | ) | (2 | )% | ||||||
Cost of sales | 3,067.1 | 3,018.4 | 48.7 | 2 | |||||||||||
Gross profit | 244.0 | 373.8 | (129.8 | ) | (35 | ) | |||||||||
Gross profit as a percentage of revenues | 7.4 | % | 11.0 | % | (3.6 | )% | (33 | ) | |||||||
Selling, general and administrative expenses | 176.4 | 195.0 | (18.6 | ) | (10 | ) | |||||||||
Restructuring charges | 11.4 | 1.1 | 10.3 | * | |||||||||||
(Gains) losses on derivative financial instruments | (21.4 | ) | 3.3 | (24.7 | ) | * | |||||||||
Other operating expense, net | 0.4 | 1.0 | (0.6 | ) | * | ||||||||||
Operating income | 77.2 | 173.4 | (96.2 | ) | (55 | ) | |||||||||
Interest expense, net | 71.8 | 33.8 | 38.0 | 112 | |||||||||||
Other expense, net | 3.7 | 0.4 | 3.3 | 825 | |||||||||||
Income before income taxes | 1.7 | 139.2 | (137.5 | ) | (99 | ) | |||||||||
Provision for income taxes | 9.0 | 25.6 | (16.6 | ) | (65 | ) | |||||||||
Net (loss) income | (7.3 | ) | 113.6 | (120.9 | ) | * | |||||||||
Net income (loss) attributable to noncontrolling interest | 0.8 | (0.9 | ) | 1.7 | * | ||||||||||
Net (loss) income attributable to Aleris Corporation | $ | (8.1 | ) | $ | 114.5 | $ | (122.6 | ) | * | ||||||
Total segment income | $ | 253.4 | $ | 291.9 | $ | (38.5 | ) | (13 | )% | ||||||
Depreciation and amortization | (93.3 | ) | (59.2 | ) | (34.1 | ) | 58 | ||||||||
Corporate general and administrative expenses, excluding depreciation, amortization, start-up expenses and other expenses | (36.1 | ) | (42.7 | ) | 6.6 | (15 | ) | ||||||||
Interest expense, net | (71.8 | ) | (33.8 | ) | (38.0 | ) | 112 | ||||||||
Unallocated (losses) gains on derivative financial instruments | (3.0 | ) | 2.8 | (5.8 | ) | (207 | ) | ||||||||
Unallocated currency exchange losses | (2.7 | ) | (0.2 | ) | (2.5 | ) | * | ||||||||
Restructuring charges | (11.4 | ) | (1.1 | ) | (10.3 | ) | * | ||||||||
Start-up expenses | (31.0 | ) | (16.9 | ) | (14.1 | ) | * | ||||||||
Other expense, net | (2.4 | ) | (1.6 | ) | (0.8 | ) | 50 | ||||||||
Income before income taxes | $ | 1.7 | $ | 139.2 | $ | (137.5 | ) | (99 | )% |
* Result is not meaningful.
Revenues and Metric Tons Invoiced
The following tables present revenues and metric tons invoiced by segment:
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For the nine months ended | |||||||||||||||
September 30, | |||||||||||||||
2013 | 2012 | Change | % Change | ||||||||||||
Revenues: | (dollars in millions, metric tons in thousands) | ||||||||||||||
RPNA | $ | 931.1 | $ | 1,003.3 | $ | (72.2 | ) | (7 | )% | ||||||
RPEU | 1,104.1 | 1,008.7 | 95.4 | 9 | |||||||||||
RPAP | 13.7 | — | 13.7 | * | |||||||||||
Extrusions | 273.1 | 276.7 | (3.6 | ) | (1 | ) | |||||||||
RSAA | 705.5 | 732.4 | (26.9 | ) | (4 | ) | |||||||||
RSEU | 429.8 | 456.8 | (27.0 | ) | (6 | ) | |||||||||
Intersegment revenues | (146.2 | ) | (85.7 | ) | (60.5 | ) | * | ||||||||
Consolidated revenues | $ | 3,311.1 | $ | 3,392.2 | $ | (81.1 | ) | (2 | )% | ||||||
Metric tons invoiced: | |||||||||||||||
RPNA | 286.7 | 304.8 | (18.1 | ) | (6 | )% | |||||||||
RPEU | 264.1 | 222.8 | 41.3 | 19 | |||||||||||
RPAP | 3.1 | — | 3.1 | * | |||||||||||
Extrusions | 53.2 | 53.4 | (0.2 | ) | — | ||||||||||
RSAA | 648.0 | 662.6 | (14.6 | ) | (2 | ) | |||||||||
RSEU | 278.7 | 295.9 | (17.2 | ) | (6 | ) | |||||||||
Intersegment shipments | (52.8 | ) | (29.8 | ) | (23.0 | ) | * | ||||||||
Total metric tons invoiced | 1,481.0 | 1,509.7 | (28.7 | ) | (2 | )% |
* Result is not meaningful.
The following table presents the estimated impact of key factors that resulted in the 2% decrease in our consolidated revenues from 2012 to 2013:
RPNA | RPEU | Extrusions | RSAA | RSEU | Consolidated | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
$ | % | $ | % | $ | % | $ | % | $ | % | $ | % | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
LME / aluminum pass-through | $ | (29.0 | ) | (3 | )% | $ | (24.0 | ) | (2 | )% | $ | (13.0 | ) | (5 | )% | $ | (11.0 | ) | (2 | )% | $ | (15.0 | ) | (3 | )% | $ | (92.0 | ) | (3 | )% | |||||||||||
Commercial price | (7.0 | ) | (1 | ) | (8.0 | ) | (1 | ) | (2.0 | ) | — | (13.0 | ) | (2 | ) | (4.0 | ) | (1 | ) | (34.0 | ) | (2 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||
Volume/Mix | (36.0 | ) | (3 | ) | 41.0 | 4 | 4.0 | 1 | (3.0 | ) | — | (21.0 | ) | (5 | ) | (15.0 | ) | — | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Currency | — | — | 23.0 | 2 | 7.0 | 3 | — | — | 13.0 | 3 | 43.0 | 1 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Acquisition | — | — | 64.0 | 6 | — | — | — | — | — | — | 64.0 | 2 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Other | (0.2 | ) | * | (0.6 | ) | * | 0.4 | * | 0.1 | * | — | * | (0.3 | ) | — | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Total | $ | (72.2 | ) | (7 | )% | $ | 95.4 | 9 | % | $ | (3.6 | ) | (1 | )% | $ | (26.9 | ) | (4 | )% | $ | (27.0 | ) | (6 | )% | $ | (34.3 | ) | (2 | )% | ||||||||||||
RPAP and intersegment revenues | (46.8 | ) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Total | $ | (81.1 | ) | (2 | )% |
* Result is not meaningful.
Rolled Products North America Revenues
RPNA revenues for the nine months ended September 30, 2013 decreased $72.2 million compared to the nine months ended September 30, 2012. This decrease was primarily due to the following:
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▪ | a 6% decrease in shipments, which decreased revenues by approximately $36.0 million. The decrease in volume was primarily due to a 13% reduction in building and construction volume caused by customer destocking and the impact of a 2012 strike at a competitor, which temporarily increased volume in 2012. Excluding the impact of the strike, building and construction volume was down 5% compared to the prior year period. The decrease was partially offset by a 7% increase in transportation volume as a result of higher build rates of truck trailers; |
▪ | lower LME aluminum prices, which reduced the average price of primary aluminum included in our invoiced prices. Aluminum price decreases accounted for approximately $29.0 million of the decrease in revenues; and |
▪ | continued pressure from common alloy imports, which decreased revenues by approximately $7.0 million. |
Rolled Products Europe Revenues
RPEU revenues for the nine months ended September 30, 2013 increased $95.4 million compared to the nine months ended September 30, 2012. This increase was primarily due to the following:
▪ | the acquisition of the Voerde cast house in August 2012, which accounted for a 12% increase in the segment’s volume, increased segment revenues by approximately $64.0 million, of which $15.5 million related to third party sales; |
▪ | excluding volume associated with the Voerde cast house and $17.7 million of shipments of semi-finished plate and sheet to our Zhenjiang rolling mill, shipments increased 4%, which increased revenues by approximately $23.0 million. The increase in volume was primarily driven by increased demand within our global automotive and heat exchanger business, as well as a 6% increase in regional plate and sheet volume as a result of increased demand in the transportation and building and construction industries; and |
▪ | a weaker U.S. dollar, which increased revenues by approximately $23.0 million. |
These increases were partially offset by lower LME aluminum prices, which reduced the average price of primary aluminum included in our invoiced prices, and pricing pressures due to economic conditions in Europe. The decrease in prices resulting from these items reduced revenues by approximately $32.0 million.
Extrusions Revenues
Revenues from our Extrusions segment for the nine months ended September 30, 2013 decreased $3.6 million compared to the nine months ended September 30, 2012. This decrease was primarily due to lower LME aluminum prices and pricing pressures, which, when combined, reduced the average price of primary aluminum included in our invoiced prices, and accounted for approximately $15.0 million of the reduction in revenues. This decrease was partially offset by the following:
▪a stronger mix of products sold, which increased revenues by approximately $4.0 million; and
▪a weaker U.S. dollar, which increased revenues by approximately $7.0 million.
Recycling and Specification Alloys North America Revenues
RSAA revenues for the nine months ended September 30, 2013 decreased $26.9 million compared to the nine months ended September 30, 2012. This decrease was primarily due to the following:
▪ | lower selling prices for our products resulting from lower aluminum and specification alloy prices during the first nine months of 2013, which decreased revenues by approximately $24.0 million; and |
▪ | a 2% decrease in volume due to lower demand for certain recycled products, as well as efforts to eliminate unprofitable volume and limit spot-priced sales in a tight metal spread environment. |
Recycling and Specification Alloys Europe Revenues
RSEU revenues for the nine months ended September 30, 2013 decreased $27.0 million as compared to the nine months ended September 30, 2012. This decrease was primarily due to the following:
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▪ | a 6% overall reduction in volume, primarily within the automotive industry caused by customer in-sourcing, temporary production slow downs and a shift towards eliminating unprofitable volume and limiting spot-priced sales in a tight metal spread environment, the combination of which decreased revenues by approximately $21.0 million; and |
▪ | a decrease in the selling prices of our products, resulting from an increase in imports of specification alloys from southern Europe during the first half of 2013, and lower aluminum prices, which combined to reduce revenues by approximately $19.0 million. |
These decreases were partially offset by a weaker U.S. dollar, which increased revenues by approximately $13.0 million.
Segment Income (Loss) and Gross Profit
For the nine months ended September 30, 2013 and 2012, segment income or loss and our reconciliation of segment income to gross profit are presented below:
For the nine months ended | |||||||||||||||
September 30, | |||||||||||||||
2013 | 2012 | Change | % Change | ||||||||||||
Segment income (loss): | (in millions) | ||||||||||||||
RPNA | $ | 77.6 | $ | 91.2 | $ | (13.6 | ) | (15 | )% | ||||||
RPEU | 114.9 | 126.4 | (11.5 | ) | (9 | ) | |||||||||
RPAP | (0.2 | ) | — | (0.2 | ) | * | |||||||||
Extrusions | 11.9 | 16.5 | (4.6 | ) | (28 | ) | |||||||||
RSAA | 39.1 | 40.4 | (1.3 | ) | (3 | ) | |||||||||
RSEU | 10.1 | 17.4 | (7.3 | ) | (42 | ) | |||||||||
Total segment income | 253.4 | 291.9 | (38.5 | ) | (13 | ) | |||||||||
Items excluded from segment income and included in gross profit: | |||||||||||||||
Depreciation | (79.8 | ) | (53.5 | ) | (26.3 | ) | 49 | ||||||||
Start-up expenses | (20.7 | ) | — | (20.7 | ) | * | |||||||||
Other | (0.9 | ) | — | (0.9 | ) | * | |||||||||
Items included in segment income and excluded from gross profit: | |||||||||||||||
Segment selling, general and administrative expenses | 116.3 | 129.7 | (13.4 | ) | (10 | ) | |||||||||
Realized (gains) losses on derivative financial instruments | (24.4 | ) | 6.1 | (30.5 | ) | * | |||||||||
Other income, net | 0.1 | (0.4 | ) | 0.5 | (125 | ) | |||||||||
Gross profit | $ | 244.0 | $ | 373.8 | $ | (129.8 | ) | (35 | )% |
* Result is not meaningful.
Rolled Products North America Segment Income
RPNA segment income for the nine months ended September 30, 2013 decreased by $13.6 million compared to the nine months ended September 30, 2012. This decrease was primarily due to the following:
▪ | continued pressure from common alloy imports, which decreased segment income by approximately $7.0 million; |
▪ | tighter scrap spreads and increased use of primary aluminum due to limited scrap availability, which decreased segment income by approximately $4.0 million; and |
▪ | a 6% reduction in volume, partially offset by an improved mix of products sold, which resulted in a net reduction of segment income of approximately $3.0 million. |
Productivity related savings primarily related lower scrap processing costs, benefits of lower outside processing costs due to the start-up of our wide coatings facility in Ashville, Ohio and reduced SG&A spending more than offset higher costs
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associated with inflation in employee, paint and energy costs, as well as higher operating costs resulting from a fire at our Richmond, Virginia rolling mill during the second quarter of 2013.
Rolled Products Europe Segment Income
RPEU segment income for the nine months ended September 30, 2013 decreased by $11.5 million compared to the nine months ended September 30, 2012. This decrease was primarily due to the following:
▪ | continued pricing pressures due to economic conditions in Europe, which reduced segment income by approximately $9.0 million; |
▪ | higher costs associated with inflation in energy, employee and freight costs, as well as increased customer claims primarily associated with production issues. These increased costs were partially offset by productivity savings and reduced personnel costs, resulting in a net reduction to segment income of approximately $8.0 million; and |
▪ | increased metal costs due to low scrap availability led to decreased margins of approximately $4.0 million. |
These decreases were partially offset by favorable metal price lag in 2013 compared to the prior year period, which increased segment income by an estimated $7.1 million.
Extrusions Segment Income
Extrusions segment income for the nine months ended September 30, 2013 decreased by $4.6 million compared to the nine months ended September 30, 2012. This decrease was primarily due to continued pricing pressures, which decreased segment income by approximately $3.0 million, and unfavorable metal price lag in 2013 compared to the prior year period, which decreased segment income by an estimated $1.4 million. These decreases were partially offset by productivity related savings, which offset higher costs associated with inflation in energy and employee costs.
Recycling and Specification Alloys North America Segment Income
RSAA segment income for the nine months ended September 30, 2013 decreased by $1.3 million compared to the prior year period. This decrease was primarily due to the continued tightening of metal spreads during the first half of the 2013 as lower aluminum prices drove lower selling prices while scrap demand in excess of supply kept scrap purchase prices high. These tighter metal spreads reduced segment income by approximately $13.0 million. This decrease was partially offset by productivity related savings of approximately $14.0 million associated with furnace and scrap optimization initiatives and reductions within SG&A expenses, which more than offset $4.0 million of higher costs associated with inflation in employee and energy costs.
Recycling and Specification Alloys Europe Segment Income
RSEU segment income for the nine months ended September 30, 2013 decreased by $7.3 million compared to the prior year period. This decrease was primarily due to a 6% decrease in volume and tighter metal spreads as a result of scrap availability issues and unfavorable pricing due to increased imports from southern Europe during the first half of 2013, the combination of which decreased segment income by approximately $8.0 million. Productivity related savings more than offset higher costs associated with inflation in employee costs and resulted in a net increase to segment income of approximately $1.0 million.
Selling, General and Administrative Expenses
Consolidated SG&A expenses decreased $18.6 million during the nine months ended September 30, 2013 as compared to the prior year period. The decrease was primarily due to the following:
▪ | Segment SG&A expenses decreased $13.4 million as restructuring initiatives resulted in lower personnel and travel costs; and |
▪ | Corporate SG&A expenses decreased $5.2 million, primarily due to lower personnel costs, professional fees and travel costs of approximately $8.0 million associated with cost reduction and restructuring initiatives, as well as lower SG&A-related start-up expenses associated with the Zhenjiang rolling mill of approximately $5.3 million. These decreases were partially offset by a $3.1 million increase in stock-based compensation expense primarily due to |
44
accelerated vesting of certain stock options granted during the third quarter of 2013 and a $5.3 million increase in depreciation expense.
Restructuring Charges
During the nine months ended September 30, 2013, we recorded restructuring charges of $11.4 million, including $8.6 million related to severance and other termination benefits associated with selected personnel reductions. The personnel reductions impacted certain selling, general and administrative positions across the Company in an effort to reduce our global cost structure and improve operating results. These personnel reductions occurred at three of our operating segments and included charges of $4.5 million, $1.7 million and $0.8 million related to our RPEU, Extrusions and RSEU segments, respectively, as well as $1.5 million of charges associated with personnel reductions at our corporate locations. No further charges are anticipated related to these reductions.
Gains and Losses on Derivative Financial Instruments
During the nine months ended September 30, 2013 and 2012, we recorded the following realized (gains) losses and unrealized losses (gains) on derivative financial instruments:
For the nine months ended | ||||||||
September 30, | ||||||||
2013 | 2012 | |||||||
Realized (gains) losses | (in millions) | |||||||
Metal | $ | (24.8 | ) | $ | (0.3 | ) | ||
Natural gas | 0.5 | 5.5 | ||||||
Currency | — | 1.3 | ||||||
Unrealized losses (gains) | ||||||||
Metal | 2.9 | 1.5 | ||||||
Natural gas | — | (3.7 | ) | |||||
Currency | — | (1.0 | ) | |||||
Total (gains) losses | $ | (21.4 | ) | $ | 3.3 |
During the nine months ended September 30, 2013, we estimate that metal price lag negatively impacted gross profit by approximately $6.7 million while we experienced metal hedge gains of $24.7 million. The resulting $18.0 million of net metal price lag improved our consolidated operating results for the nine months ended September 30, 2013. During the nine months ended September 30, 2012, we estimate that metal price lag favorably impacted gross profit by approximately $12.5 million while we experienced metal hedge losses of $0.4 million, including $0.8 million of economic losses not recorded within realized losses as discussed above. The resulting $12.1 million of net metal price lag improved our consolidated operating results for the nine months ended September 30, 2012.
Interest Expense, net
Interest expense, net for the nine months ended September 30, 2013 increased $38.0 million from the comparable period of 2012. The increase in interest expense is due to the issuance of $500.0 million of 7 7/8% Senior Notes (as defined below) on October 23, 2012, increased borrowings under the China Loan Facility (as defined below) and decreased capitalized interest when compared to the prior year period.
Provision for Income Taxes
Our effective tax rates were 541.6% and 18.4% for the nine months ended September 30, 2013 and 2012, respectively. The effective tax rates for the nine months ended September 30, 2013 and 2012 differed from the federal statutory rate applied to income and losses before income taxes primarily as a result of the mix of income, losses and tax rates between tax jurisdictions and valuation allowances.
We have valuation allowances recorded to reduce certain deferred tax assets to amounts that are more likely than not to be realized. The valuation allowances relate to the potential inability to realize our deferred tax assets associated with amortization,
45
pension, postretirement and net operating loss carryforwards in the U.S. and depreciation and net operating loss carryforwards in non-U.S. jurisdictions. We intend to maintain our valuation allowances until sufficient positive evidence exists (such as cumulative positive earnings and estimated future taxable income) to support their reversal.
As of September 30, 2013, we have $1.4 million of unrecognized tax benefits. During the nine months ended September 30, 2013, the settlement of a previously disclosed audit with a non-U.S. jurisdiction resulted in the reduction to our unrecognized tax benefits of $17.1 million. The majority of the gross unrecognized tax benefits, if recognized, would affect the annual effective tax rate. We recognize interest and penalties related to uncertain tax positions within the “Provision for income taxes” in the Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income. As of September 30, 2013, we had approximately $0.1 million of accrued interest related to uncertain tax positions.
The 2005 through 2012 tax years remain open to examination. During the nine months ended September 30, 2013, a non-U.S. jurisdiction notified us that it would begin an examination of our tax returns for tax years ended December 31, 2011, 2010 and 2009.
Liquidity and Capital Resources
Based on our current and anticipated levels of operations and the condition in our markets and industry, we believe that our cash on hand, cash flows from operations and availability under the ABL Facility and China Loan Facility (each as defined below) will enable us to meet our working capital, capital expenditures, debt service and other funding requirements for the foreseeable future. However, our ability to fund our working capital needs, debt payments and other obligations, and to comply with the financial covenants under our indebtedness, including borrowing base limitations under the ABL Facility, depends on our future operating performance and cash flows and many factors outside of our control, including the costs of raw materials, the state of the overall industry and financial and economic conditions and other factors, including those described under “Risk Factors” in our Annual Report on Form 10-K filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission, as updated in our quarterly and periodic filings. Any future acquisitions, joint ventures or other similar transactions will likely require additional capital and there can be no assurance that any such capital will be available to us on acceptable terms, if at all.
The following discussion provides a summary description of the significant components of our sources of liquidity and long-term debt:
Cash Flows
The following table summarizes our net cash (used) provided by operating, investing and financing activities for the nine months ended September 30, 2013 and 2012:
For the nine months ended | ||||||||
September 30, | ||||||||
2013 | 2012 | |||||||
Net cash (used) provided by: | (in millions) | |||||||
Operating activities | $ | (17.3 | ) | $ | 92.0 | |||
Investing activities | (181.5 | ) | (307.2 | ) | ||||
Financing activities | (324.3 | ) | 88.7 |
Cash Flows from Operating Activities
Cash flows used by operating activities were $17.3 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2013, which resulted from a $123.3 million increase in net operating assets, partially offset by $106.1 million of cash from earnings. The significant components of the change in net operating assets included increases of $68.1 million, $31.9 million and $28.2 million in accounts receivable, inventories and accounts payable, respectively, as a result of increased seasonal sales volume across most segments when compared to December 2012. The change in accrued liabilities for the nine months ended September 30, 2013 was primarily due to the settlement of an income tax audit by a non-U.S. taxing jurisdiction.
Our days sales outstanding (“DSO”) at September 30, 2013 remained consistent with the DSO at December 31, 2012, however, revenues in the month of September 2013 were approximately $90.6 million higher than the month of December
46
2012, leading to an increase in accounts receivable. The commencement of operations at the Zhenjiang rolling mill during 2013 led to increased inventory levels and drove a $31.9 million use of operating cash. The increase in accounts payables resulted from increased average inventory levels in connection with the additional sales volume compared to the end of 2012, partially offset by lower days payable outstanding during 2013 when compared to December 2012.
Cash flows provided by operating activities were $92.0 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2012, which resulted from $190.1 million of cash from earnings, partially offset by a $98.1 million increase in net operating assets. The significant components of the change in net operating assets included increases of $97.4 million, $41.5 million and $69.6 million in accounts receivable, inventories and accounts payable, respectively, as a result of increased seasonal sales volume across most segments, which more than offset the impact of lower aluminum prices.
Cash Flows from Investing Activities
Cash flows used by investing activities were $181.5 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2013 and included $182.8 million of capital expenditures, primarily associated with the Zhenjiang rolling mill, the wide auto body sheet expansion project in Duffel, Belgium and the installation of our wide coating line in Ashville, Ohio.
Cash flows used by investing activities were $307.2 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2012 and included $285.5 million of capital expenditures and $21.5 million to acquire certain aluminum casting assets from Voerde Aluminium GmbH, a subsidiary of BaseMet B.V. Capital expenditures during the period included $124.0 million of spending on the Zhenjiang rolling mill and other strategic spending, including the wide auto body sheet expansion project in Duffel, Belgium, the coatings project in Ashville, Ohio and furnace upgrades and scrap optimization initiatives within our RSAA segment.
Cash Flows from Financing Activities
Cash flows used by financing activities were $324.3 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2013, which primarily consisted of dividend payments of $313.0 million to our stockholders and an $8.9 million payment for the redemption of the noncontrolling interest in our Zhenjiang rolling mill pursuant to a contractual arrangement entered into in the fourth quarter of 2012.
Cash flows provided by financing activities for the nine months ended September 30, 2012 included $88.5 million of net proceeds from the China Loan Facility (as defined below).
ABL Facility
The amended and restated ABL Facility is a $600.0 million revolving credit facility which permits multi-currency borrowings up to $600.0 million by our U.S. subsidiaries, up to $240.0 million by Aleris Switzerland GmbH (a wholly owned Swiss subsidiary) and up to $15.0 million by Aleris Specification Alloy Products Canada Company (a wholly owned Canadian subsidiary) (the “ABL Facility”). The availability of funds to the borrowers located in each jurisdiction is subject to a borrowing base for that jurisdiction and the jurisdictions in which certain subsidiaries of such borrowers are located. The ABL Facility provides for the issuance of up to $75.0 million of letters of credit as well as borrowings on same-day notice, referred to as swingline loans. As of September 30, 2013, we estimate that the borrowing base would have supported borrowings of $520.1 million. After giving effect to the outstanding letters of credit of $40.1 million, Aleris International had $480.0 million available for borrowing as of September 30, 2013.
Borrowings under the ABL Facility bear interest at a rate equal to the following, plus an applicable margin ranging from 0.75% to 2.50%:
▪ | in the case of borrowings in U.S. dollars, a LIBOR rate or a base rate determined by reference to the higher of (1) Bank of America’s prime lending rate, (2) the overnight federal funds rate plus 0.5% or (3) a eurodollar rate determined by Bank of America plus 1.0%; |
▪ | in the case of borrowings in euros, a euro LIBOR rate determined by Bank of America; and |
▪ | in the case of borrowings in Canadian dollars, a Canadian prime rate. |
As of September 30, 2013, Aleris International had no amounts outstanding under the ABL Facility.
There is no scheduled amortization under the ABL Facility. Any principal amount outstanding will be due and payable in full at maturity, on June 29, 2016, unless extended pursuant to the credit agreement.
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The ABL Facility is secured, subject to certain exceptions, by a first-priority security interest in substantially all of Aleris International’s current assets and related intangible assets located in the U.S., substantially all of the current assets and related intangible assets of substantially all of our wholly owned domestic subsidiaries, substantially all of the current assets and related intangible assets of the borrower located in Canada and substantially all of the current assets (other than inventory located outside of the United Kingdom) and related intangibles of Aleris Recycling (Swansea) Ltd., and Aleris Switzerland GmbH and certain of its subsidiaries. The borrowers’ obligations under the ABL Facility are guaranteed by certain of our existing and future direct and indirect subsidiaries.
The credit agreement governing the ABL Facility contains a number of covenants that, subject to certain exceptions, impose restrictions on Aleris International and certain of our subsidiaries, including without limitation restrictions on its ability to incur additional debt, pay dividends and make certain payments, create liens, merge, consolidate or sell assets, or enter into affiliate transactions, among other things.
Although the credit agreement governing the ABL Facility generally does not require us to comply with any financial ratio maintenance covenants, if the amount available under the ABL Facility is less than the greater of (x) $45.0 million or (y) 12.5% of the lesser of (i) the total commitments or (ii) the borrowing base under the ABL Facility at any time, a minimum fixed charge coverage ratio (as defined in the credit agreement) of at least 1.0 to 1.0 will apply. The credit agreement also contains certain customary affirmative covenants and events of default. Aleris International was in compliance with all of the covenants set forth in the credit agreement as of September 30, 2013.
Senior Notes
On February 9, 2011, Aleris International issued $500.0 million aggregate original principal amount of 7 5/8% Senior Notes due 2018, and on October 14, 2011, Aleris International exchanged the $500.0 million aggregate original principal amount of 7 5/8% Senior Notes due 2018 for its new $500.0 million aggregate original principal amount of 7 5/8% Senior Notes due 2018 that have been registered under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “7 5/8% Senior Notes”). The 7 5/8% Senior Notes mature on February 15, 2018.
On October 23, 2012, Aleris International issued $500.0 million aggregate original principal amount of 7 7/8% Senior Notes due 2020, and on January 31, 2013, Aleris International exchanged the $500.0 million aggregate original principal amount of 7 7/8% Senior Notes due 2020 for $500.0 million of its new 7 7/8% Senior Notes due 2020 that have been registered under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “7 7/8% Senior Notes” and, together with the 7 5/8% Senior Notes, the “Senior Notes”). The 7 7/8% Senior Notes mature on November 1, 2020.
The Senior Notes are unconditionally guaranteed on a senior unsecured basis by us and each of our subsidiaries that guarantees Aleris International’s obligations under the ABL Facility. The indentures governing the Senior Notes contain a number of customary covenants that, subject to certain exceptions, impose restrictions on Aleris International and certain of our subsidiaries, including without limitation restrictions on its ability to incur additional debt, pay dividends and make certain payments, create liens, merge, consolidate or sell assets, or enter into affiliate transactions, among other things.
Exchangeable Notes
In connection with Aleris International’s emergence from bankruptcy, it issued $45.0 million aggregate principal amount of 6% senior subordinated exchangeable notes (the “Exchangeable Notes”). The Exchangeable Notes are the unsecured, senior subordinated obligations of Aleris International and are scheduled to mature on June 1, 2020. Since June 1, 2013, the Exchangeable Notes are exchangeable (at each holder’s option) for our common stock at a rate equivalent to 59.63 shares of our common stock per $1,000 principal amount of the Exchangeable Notes (after adjustment for the payments of three dividends in 2011 and one dividend in 2013). The Exchangeable Notes may currently be redeemed at Aleris International’s option.
China Loan Facility
Aleris Zhenjiang maintains a loan agreement comprised of non-recourse multi-currency secured term loan facilities and a revolving facility (collectively, the “China Loan Facility”). The China Loan Facility consists of a $30.6 million U.S. dollar term loan facility, an RMB 993.5 million (or equivalent to approximately $161.9 million) term loan facility (collectively referred to as the “Zhenjiang Term Loans”) and an RMB 410.0 million (or equivalent to approximately $66.8 million) revolving facility that provides Aleris Zhenjiang with a working capital line of credit (referred to as the “Zhenjiang Revolver”). In March 2013, the Zhenjiang Revolver was amended to, among other things, increase the borrowing capacity from RMB 232.8 million (or equivalent to $37.9 million) to RMB 410.0 million (or equivalent to $66.8 million). The interest rate on the term U.S. dollar
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facility is six month U.S. dollar LIBOR plus 5.0% and the interest rate on the term RMB facility and the Zhenjiang Revolver is 110% of the base rate applicable to any loan denominated in RMB of the same tenor, as announced by the People’s Bank of China. As of March 31, 2013, the full amount of the Zhenjiang Term Loans was drawn. The initial draw on the Zhenjiang Revolver in the amount of $4.1 million occurred during the second quarter of 2013. The final maturity date for all borrowings under the China Loan Facility is May 18, 2021.
The China Loan Facility contains certain customary covenants and events of default. The China Loan Facility requires Aleris Zhenjiang to, among other things, maintain a certain ratio of outstanding term loans to invested equity capital. In addition, Aleris Zhenjiang is restricted from, subject to certain exceptions, repaying loans or distributing dividends to stockholders, disposing of assets, providing third party guarantees, or entering into additional financing to expand the capacity of the project, among other things.
Aleris Zhenjiang was in compliance with all of the covenants set forth in the China Loan Facility as of September 30, 2013. Aleris Zhenjiang has had delays in its ability to make timely draws of amounts committed under the China Loan Facility in the past and we cannot be certain that Aleris Zhenjiang will be able to draw all amounts committed under the Zhenjiang Revolver in the future or as to the timing or cost of any such draws.
Non-GAAP Financial Measures
We report our financial results in accordance with GAAP. However, our management believes that certain non-GAAP performance measures, which we use in managing the business, may provide investors with additional meaningful comparisons between current results and results in prior periods. EBITDA, Adjusted EBITDA, segment Adjusted EBITDA, commercial margin and segment commercial margin are examples of non-GAAP financial measures that we believe provide investors and other users of our financial information with useful information.
Management uses EBITDA, Adjusted EBITDA, segment Adjusted EBITDA, commercial margin and segment commercial margin, as performance metrics and believes these measures provide additional information commonly used by holders of the Senior Notes and parties to the ABL Facility with respect to the ongoing performance of our underlying business activities, as well as our ability to meet our future debt service, capital expenditures and working capital needs. In addition, EBITDA with certain adjustments is a component of certain covenants under the indentures governing the Senior Notes. Adjusted EBITDA, including the impacts of metal price lag, is a component of certain financial covenants under the credit agreement governing the ABL Facility. Management also uses commercial margin, including segment commercial margin, as a performance metric and believes that it provides useful information regarding the performance of our segments because it measures the price at which we sell our aluminum products above the hedged cost of the metal and the effects of metal price lag, thereby reflecting the value-added components of our commercial activities independent of aluminum prices which we cannot control.
Our EBITDA calculations represent net income and loss attributable to Aleris Corporation before interest income and expense, provision for and benefit from income taxes and depreciation and amortization. Adjusted EBITDA is defined as EBITDA excluding metal price lag, reorganization items, unrealized gains and losses on derivative financial instruments, restructuring items, the impact of recording inventory and other items at fair value through fresh-start and purchase accounting, currency exchange gains and losses on debt, stock-based compensation expense, start-up expenses, and certain other gains and losses. Segment Adjusted EBITDA represents Adjusted EBITDA on a per segment basis. EBITDA as defined in the indentures governing the Senior Notes also limits the amount of adjustments for cost savings, operational improvement and synergies for the purpose of determining our compliance with such covenants. Adjusted EBITDA as defined under the ABL Facility also limits the amount of adjustments for restructuring charges incurred after the Emergence Date and requires additional adjustments be made if certain annual pension funding levels are exceeded. Commercial margin represents revenues less the hedged cost of metal and the effects of metal price lag. Segment commercial margin represents commercial margin on a per segment basis.
EBITDA, Adjusted EBITDA, segment Adjusted EBITDA, commercial margin and segment commercial margin, as we use them may not be comparable to similarly titled measures used by other companies. We calculate EBITDA, Adjusted EBITDA and segment Adjusted EBITDA by eliminating the impact of a number of items we do not consider indicative of our ongoing operating performance and certain other items. You are encouraged to evaluate each adjustment and the reasons we consider it appropriate for supplemental analysis. However, EBITDA, Adjusted EBITDA, segment Adjusted EBITDA, commercial margin and segment commercial margin are not financial measurements recognized under GAAP, and when analyzing our operating performance, investors should use EBITDA, Adjusted EBITDA, segment Adjusted EBITDA,
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commercial margin and segment commercial margin in addition to, and not as an alternative for, net income and loss attributable to Aleris Corporation, operating income and loss, or any other performance measure derived in accordance with GAAP, or in addition to, and not as an alternative for, cash flow from operating activities as a measure of our liquidity. EBITDA, Adjusted EBITDA, segment Adjusted EBITDA, commercial margin and segment commercial margin have limitations as analytical tools, and they should not be considered in isolation, or as a substitute for, or superior to, our measures of financial performance prepared in accordance with GAAP. These limitations include:
▪ | They do not reflect our cash expenditures or future requirements for capital expenditures or contractual commitments; |
▪ | They do not reflect changes in, or cash requirements for, working capital needs; |
▪ | They do not reflect interest expense or cash requirements necessary to service interest expense or principal payments under the ABL Facility, the Senior Notes or the Exchangeable Notes; |
▪ | They do not reflect certain tax payments that may represent a reduction in cash available to us; |
▪ | Although depreciation and amortization are non-cash charges, the assets being depreciated and amortized may have to be replaced in the future, and EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA, including segment Adjusted EBITDA, do not reflect cash requirements for such replacements; and |
▪ | Other companies, including companies in our industry, may calculate these measures differently and, as the number of differences in the way companies calculate these measures increases, the degree of their usefulness as a comparative measure correspondingly decreases. |
In addition, in evaluating Adjusted EBITDA, including segment Adjusted EBITDA, it should be noted that in the future we may incur expenses similar to the adjustments in the below presentation. Our presentation of Adjusted EBITDA, including segment Adjusted EBITDA, should not be construed as an inference that our future results will be unaffected by unusual or non-recurring items.
For reconciliations of EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA and commercial margin to their most directly comparable financial measures presented in accordance with GAAP, see the tables below. For a reconciliation of segment Adjusted EBITDA to segment income and a reconciliation of segment commercial margin to segment revenues, which are the most directly comparable financial measures presented in accordance with GAAP, for each of the Rolled Products North America, Rolled Products Europe, Rolled Products Asia Pacific, Extrusions, Recycling and Specification Alloys North America and Recycling and Specification Alloys Europe segments, see the reconciliations in “– Our Segments.”
For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2013 and 2012, our reconciliation of Adjusted EBITDA to net (loss) income attributable to Aleris Corporation and net cash (used) provided by operating activities is presented below.
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For the three months ended | For the nine months ended | |||||||||||||||
September 30, | September 30, | |||||||||||||||
2013 | 2012 | 2013 | 2012 | |||||||||||||
(in millions) | ||||||||||||||||
Adjusted EBITDA | $ | 67.6 | $ | 78.4 | $ | 210.1 | $ | 248.6 | ||||||||
Unrealized (losses) gains on derivative financial instruments | (3.2 | ) | (0.5 | ) | (2.9 | ) | 3.2 | |||||||||
Impact of recording assets at fair value through fresh-start and purchase accounting | — | 0.2 | 0.1 | 0.8 | ||||||||||||
Restructuring charges | (1.0 | ) | (0.6 | ) | (11.4 | ) | (1.1 | ) | ||||||||
Unallocated currency exchange (losses) gains on debt | (1.1 | ) | 1.0 | (1.3 | ) | (0.3 | ) | |||||||||
Stock-based compensation expense | (5.8 | ) | (2.8 | ) | (11.2 | ) | (8.1 | ) | ||||||||
Start-up expenses | (7.6 | ) | (7.9 | ) | (31.0 | ) | (16.9 | ) | ||||||||
Favorable metal price lag | 5.1 | 4.7 | 18.0 | 12.1 | ||||||||||||
Other | (2.4 | ) | (1.5 | ) | (4.4 | ) | (5.2 | ) | ||||||||
EBITDA | 51.6 | 71.0 | 166.0 | 233.1 | ||||||||||||
Interest expense, net | (26.2 | ) | (10.7 | ) | (71.8 | ) | (33.8 | ) | ||||||||
Provision for income taxes | (1.3 | ) | (7.5 | ) | (9.0 | ) | (25.6 | ) | ||||||||
Depreciation and amortization | (31.4 | ) | (20.0 | ) | (93.3 | ) | (59.2 | ) | ||||||||
Net (loss) income attributable to Aleris Corporation | (7.3 | ) | 32.8 | (8.1 | ) | 114.5 | ||||||||||
Net income (loss) attributable to noncontrolling interest | 0.2 | (0.3 | ) | 0.8 | (0.9 | ) | ||||||||||
Net (loss) income | (7.1 | ) | 32.5 | (7.3 | ) | 113.6 | ||||||||||
Depreciation and amortization | 31.4 | 20.0 | 93.3 | 59.2 | ||||||||||||
(Benefit from) provision for deferred income taxes | (0.8 | ) | 1.3 | 1.1 | 8.3 | |||||||||||
Stock-based compensation expense | 5.8 | 2.8 | 11.2 | 8.1 | ||||||||||||
Unrealized losses (gains) on derivative financial instruments | 3.2 | 0.5 | 2.9 | (3.2 | ) | |||||||||||
Currency exchange losses (gains) on debt | 2.8 | (0.4 | ) | 2.4 | 0.5 | |||||||||||
Amortization of debt issuance costs | 1.9 | 1.6 | 5.8 | 4.7 | ||||||||||||
Other | (2.6 | ) | (0.8 | ) | (3.2 | ) | (1.1 | ) | ||||||||
Change in operating assets and liabilities: | ||||||||||||||||
Change in accounts receivable | 44.0 | 0.2 | (68.1 | ) | (97.4 | ) | ||||||||||
Change in inventories | (7.6 | ) | 11.3 | (31.9 | ) | (41.5 | ) | |||||||||
Change in other assets | 2.1 | (6.0 | ) | (12.9 | ) | (7.7 | ) | |||||||||
Change in accounts payable | (24.8 | ) | (0.1 | ) | 28.2 | 69.6 | ||||||||||
Change in accrued liabilities | (14.8 | ) | (7.1 | ) | (38.8 | ) | (21.1 | ) | ||||||||
Net cash provided (used) by operating activities | $ | 33.5 | $ | 55.8 | $ | (17.3 | ) | $ | 92.0 |
For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2013 and 2012, our reconciliation of revenues to commercial margin is as follows:
For the three months ended | For the nine months ended | |||||||||||||||
September 30, | September 30, | |||||||||||||||
2013 | 2012 | 2013 | 2012 | |||||||||||||
(in millions) | ||||||||||||||||
Revenues | $ | 1,073.4 | $ | 1,081.0 | $ | 3,311.1 | $ | 3,392.2 | ||||||||
Hedged cost of metal | (645.1 | ) | (649.9 | ) | (2,005.0 | ) | (2,089.6 | ) | ||||||||
Favorable metal price lag | (5.1 | ) | (4.7 | ) | (18.0 | ) | (12.1 | ) | ||||||||
Commercial margin | $ | 423.2 | $ | 426.4 | $ | 1,288.1 | $ | 1,290.5 |
Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates
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The preparation of financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires our management to make estimates and judgments that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. On an ongoing basis, we evaluate our estimates, including those related to the valuation of inventory, property and equipment and intangible assets, allowances related to doubtful accounts, income taxes, pensions and other postretirement benefits and environmental liabilities. Our management bases its estimates on historical experience, actuarial valuations and other assumptions believed to be reasonable under the circumstances. Actual results could differ from those estimates.
A summary of our significant accounting policies and estimates is included in our Form 10-K filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on March 5, 2013 for the year ended December 31, 2012. There have been no significant changes to our critical accounting policies or estimates during the nine months ended September 30, 2013.
Off-Balance Sheet Transactions
We had no off-balance sheet arrangements at September 30, 2013.
Forward-Looking Statements
This Form 10-Q contains forward-looking statements that are based on current expectations, estimates, forecasts and projections about us and the industry in which we operate and beliefs and assumptions made by our management. Statements contained in this document that are not historical in nature are considered to be forward-looking statements. They include statements regarding our expectations, hopes, beliefs, estimates, intentions or strategies regarding the future. The words “may,” “could,” “would,” “should,” “will,” “believe,” “expect,” “anticipate,” “plan,” “estimate,” “target,” “project,” “look forward to,” “intend” and similar expressions are intended to identify forward-looking statements. Our expectations, beliefs and projections are expressed in good faith, and we believe we have a reasonable basis to make these statements through our management’s examination of historical operating trends, data contained in our records and other data available from third parties, but there can be no assurance that our management’s expectations, beliefs or projections will result or be achieved.
The forward-looking statements set forth in this document regarding, among other things, future costs and prices of commodities, production volume, industry trends, anticipated cost savings, demand for our products and services, anticipated benefits from new products or facilities, projected results of operations, achievement of production efficiencies, capacity expansions, estimates of volume, revenues, profitability and net income in future quarters, future prices and demand for our products, and estimated cash flows and sufficiency of cash flows to fund capital expenditures, reflect only our expectations regarding these matters. Forward-looking statements involve known and unknown risks and uncertainties, which could cause actual results to differ materially from those contained in or implied by any forward-looking statement. Important factors that could cause actual results to differ materially from the forward-looking statements include, but are not limited to:
▪ | our ability to successfully implement our business strategy; |
▪ | the cyclical nature of the aluminum industry, material adverse changes in the aluminum industry or our end-use segments, such as global and regional supply and demand conditions for aluminum and aluminum products, and changes in our customers’ industries; |
▪ | our ability to fulfill our substantial capital investment requirements; |
▪ | variability in general economic conditions on a global or regional basis; |
▪ | our ability to retain the services of certain members of our management; |
▪ | our ability to enter into effective metal, natural gas and other commodity derivatives or arrangements with customers to manage effectively our exposure to commodity price fluctuations and changes in the pricing of metals, especially London Metal Exchange-based aluminum prices; |
▪ | our internal controls over financial reporting and our disclosure controls and procedures may not prevent all possible errors that could occur; |
▪ | increases in the cost of raw materials and energy; |
▪ | the loss of order volumes from any of our largest customers; |
▪ | our ability to retain customers, a substantial number of whom do not have long-term contractual arrangements with us; |
▪ | our ability to generate sufficient cash flows to fund our capital expenditure requirements and to meet our debt service obligations; |
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▪ | competitor pricing activity, competition of aluminum with alternative materials and the general impact of competition in the industry segments we serve; |
▪ | risks of investing in and conducting operations on a global basis, including political, social, economic, currency and regulatory factors; |
▪ | current environmental liabilities and the cost of compliance with and liabilities under health and safety laws; |
▪ | labor relations (i.e., disruptions, strikes or work stoppages) and labor costs; |
▪ | our levels of indebtedness and debt service obligations, including changes in our credit ratings, material increases in our cost of borrowing or the failure of financial institutions to fulfill their commitments to us under committed credit facilities; |
▪ | our ability to access credit or capital markets; |
▪ | the possibility that we may incur additional indebtedness in the future; and |
▪ | limitations on operating our business as a result of covenant restrictions under our indebtedness. |
The above list is not exhaustive. Some of these factors and additional risks, uncertainties and other factors that may cause our actual results, performance or achievements to be different from those expressed or implied in our written or oral forward-looking statements may be found in our public filings with the Securities and Exchange Commission, including the sections entitled “Risk Factors” included therein.
These factors and such other risk factors are not necessarily all of the important factors that could cause our actual results to differ materially from those expressed in any of our forward-looking statements. Other unknown or unpredictable factors could also harm our results. Consequently, there can be no assurance that the actual results or developments anticipated by us will be realized or, even if substantially realized, that they will have the expected consequences to, or effects on, us. Given these uncertainties, you are cautioned not to place undue reliance on such forward-looking statements.
The forward-looking statements included in this document are made only as of the date of this document. Except to the extent required by law, we do not undertake, and specifically decline any obligation, to update any forward-looking statements or to publicly announce the results of any revisions to any of such statements to reflect future events or developments.
Item 3. | Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk. |
In the ordinary course of our business, we are exposed to earnings and cash flow volatility resulting from changes in the prices of aluminum, and, to a lesser extent, hardeners such as zinc and copper, and natural gas, as well as changes in currency and interest rates. For metal hedges, we use derivative instruments, such as forwards, futures, options, collars and swaps to manage the effect, both favorable and unfavorable, of such changes. For electricity and some natural gas price exposures, fixed price commitments are used.
Derivative contracts are used primarily to reduce uncertainty and volatility and cover underlying exposures and are held for purposes other than trading. Our commodity and derivative activities are subject to the management, direction and control of our Risk Management Committee, which is composed of our chief financial officer and other officers and employees that the chief executive officer designates. The Risk Management Committee reports to the Audit Committee of our Board of Directors, which has supervisory authority over all of its activities.
We are exposed to losses in the event of non-performance by the counterparties to the derivative contracts discussed below. Although non-performance by counterparties is possible, we do not currently anticipate any nonperformance by any of these parties. Counterparties are evaluated for creditworthiness and risk assessment prior to our initiating contract activities. The counterparties’ creditworthiness is then monitored on an ongoing basis, and credit levels are reviewed to ensure that there is not an inappropriate concentration of credit outstanding to any particular counterparty.
Metal Hedging
Aluminum ingots, copper and zinc are internationally produced, priced and traded commodities, with the LME being the primary exchange. As part of our efforts to preserve margins, we enter into forward, futures and options contracts. For accounting purposes, we do not consider our metal derivative instruments as hedges and, as a result, changes in the fair value of these derivatives are recorded immediately in our consolidated operating results.
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The selling prices of the majority of the orders for our rolled and extruded products are established at the time of order entry or, for certain customers, under long-term contracts. As the related raw materials used to produce these orders can be purchased several months or years after the selling prices are fixed, margins are subject to the risk of changes in the purchase price of the raw materials used for these fixed price sales. In order to manage this transactional exposure, LME future or forward purchase contracts are purchased at the time the selling prices are fixed. As metal is purchased to fill these fixed price sales orders, LME futures or forwards contracts are then sold.
We also maintain a significant amount of inventory on-hand to meet anticipated and unpriced future sales. In order to preserve the value of this inventory, LME future or forward contracts are sold at the time inventory is purchased. As sales orders are priced, LME futures or forwards contracts are purchased. These derivatives generally settle within three months.
We can also use call option contracts, which function in a manner similar to the natural gas call option contracts discussed below, and put option contracts for managing metal price exposures. Option contracts require the payment of a premium which is recorded as a realized loss upon settlement or expiration of the option contract. Upon settlement of a put option contract, we receive cash and recognize a related gain if the LME closing price is less than the strike price of the put option. If the put option strike price is less than the LME closing price, no amount is paid and the option expires. As of September 30, 2013 and December 31, 2012, we had 0.2 million metric tons and 0.2 million metric tons of metal buy and sell forward contracts, respectively.
Natural Gas Hedging
To manage the price exposure for natural gas purchases, we can fix the future price of a portion or all of our natural gas requirements by entering into financial hedge contracts.
We do not consider our natural gas derivative instruments as hedges for accounting purposes and as a result, changes in the fair value of these derivatives are recorded immediately in our consolidated operating results. Under these contracts, payments are made or received based on the differential between the monthly closing price on the New York Mercantile Exchange (“NYMEX”) and the contractual hedge contract price. We can also enter into call option contracts to manage the exposure to increasing natural gas prices while maintaining the benefit from declining prices. Upon settlement of call option contracts, we receive cash and recognize a related gain if the NYMEX closing price exceeds the strike price of the call option. If the call option strike price exceeds the NYMEX closing price, no amount is received and the option expires. Option contracts require the payment of a premium which is recorded as a realized loss upon settlement or expiration of the option contract.
Natural gas cost can also be managed through the use of cost escalators included in some of our long-term supply contracts with customers, which limits exposure to natural gas price risk. As of September 30, 2013 and December 31, 2012, we had 3.0 trillion and 2.2 trillion, respectively, of British thermal unit forward buy contracts.
Fair Values and Sensitivity Analysis
The following table shows the fair values of outstanding derivative contracts at September 30, 2013 and the effect on the fair value of a hypothetical adverse change in the market prices that existed at September 30, 2013:
Impact of | ||||||||
(in millions) | Fair | 10% Adverse | ||||||
Derivative | Value | Price Change | ||||||
Metal | $ | (6.1 | ) | $ | (7.6 | ) | ||
Natural gas | (0.7 | ) | (1.1 | ) |
The disclosures above do not take into account the underlying commitments or anticipated transactions. If the underlying items were included in the analysis, the gains or losses on our derivative instruments would be offset by gains and losses realized on the purchase of the physical commodities. Actual results will be determined by a number of factors outside of our control and could vary significantly from the amounts disclosed. For additional information on derivative financial instruments, see Note 11, “Derivative and Other Financial Instruments,” to our unaudited consolidated financial statements included elsewhere in this report on Form 10-Q.
Currency Exchange Risks
The construction of the Zhenjiang rolling mill increased Aleris Zhenjiang’s exposure to fluctuations in the euro as certain of the contracts to purchase equipment were denominated in euros while the source of funding was the U.S. dollar and RMB
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denominated China Loan Facility. Equity contributions were primarily made in euros to mitigate this exposure. In addition, Aleris Zhenjiang entered into euro call option contracts to manage this exposure if the U.S. dollar weakened while maintaining the benefit if the U.S. dollar strengthened. As with all of our other derivative financial instruments, these option contracts were not accounted for as hedges and, as a result, the changes in fair value were recorded immediately in the Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income. These call option contracts covered periods consistent with known or expected exposures during 2012. As of September 30, 2013 and December 31, 2012, Aleris Zhenjiang had no euro call option contracts.
The financial condition and results of operations of some of our operating entities are reported in various currencies and then translated into U.S. dollars at the applicable exchange rate for inclusion in our consolidated financial statements. As a result, appreciation of the U.S. dollar against these currencies will have a negative impact on reported revenues and operating profit, while depreciation of the U.S. dollar against these currencies will generally have a positive effect on reported revenues and operating profit. In addition, a portion of the revenues generated by our international operations are denominated in U.S. dollars, while the majority of costs incurred are denominated in local currencies. As a result, appreciation in the U.S. dollar will have a positive impact on earnings while depreciation of the U.S. dollar will have a negative impact on earnings.
Interest Rate Risks
As of September 30, 2013, approximately 80% of our debt obligations were at fixed rates. We are subject to interest rate risk related to the ABL Facility and China Loan Facility, to the extent borrowings are outstanding under these facilities. As of September 30, 2013, Aleris International had no borrowings under the ABL Facility and Aleris Zhenjiang had $196.8 million of borrowings under the China Loan Facility. Due to the fixed-rate nature of the majority of our debt, there would not be a significant impact on our interest expense or cash flows from either a 10% increase or decrease in market rates of interest.
Item 4. | Controls and Procedures. |
Disclosure Controls and Procedures
During the fiscal period covered by this report, the Company’s management, with the participation of the Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, completed an evaluation of the effectiveness of the design and operation of the Company’s disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) of the Securities and Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”)). Based upon this evaluation, the Company’s Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer have concluded that, as of the end of the fiscal period covered by this report, the disclosure controls and procedures were effective to ensure that information required to be disclosed by the Company in reports that it files or submits under the Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified by the Securities and Exchange Commission’s rules and forms and that such information is accumulated and communicated to management, including the Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, as appropriate, to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosures.
Changes in Internal Control Over Financial Reporting
There were no changes in internal control over financial reporting during the fiscal third quarter ended September 30, 2013, that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.
PART II – OTHER INFORMATION
Item 1. | Legal Proceedings. |
We are a party from time to time to what we believe are routine litigation and proceedings considered part of the ordinary course of our business. We believe that the outcome of such existing proceedings would not have a material adverse effect on our financial position, results of operations or cash flows.
Item 1A. | Risk Factors. |
There have been no material changes to the risk factors included in the Risk Factors section in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2012.
Item 2. | Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds. |
None.
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Item 3. | Defaults Upon Senior Securities. |
None.
Item 4. | Mine Safety Disclosures. |
None.
Item 5. | Other Information. |
None.
Item 6. | Exhibits. |
Exhibit Number | Description | |
10.1 | Amended and Restated Employment Agreement, dated and effective as of September 15, 2013, by and among Aleris International, Inc., Aleris Corporation and Steven Demetriou. | |
10.2 | Partial Option Cancellation Amendment Agreement, dated as of September 15, 2013, by and between Steven Demetriou and Aleris Corporation. | |
10.3 | Stock Option Agreement, effective as of September 15, 2013, between Aleris Corporation and Steven Demetriou. | |
10.4 | Restricted Stock Unit Agreement, effective as of September 15, 2013, between Aleris Corporation and Steven Demetriou. | |
10.5 | Amendment to Aleris Holding Company 2010 Equity Incentive Plan, effective as of September 15, 2013. | |
31.1 | Rule 13a-14(a)/15d-14(a) Certification of Aleris Corporation’s Chief Executive Officer. | |
31.2 | Rule 13a-14(a)/15d-14(a) Certification of Aleris Corporation’s Chief Financial Officer. | |
32.1 | Certification Pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as Adopted Pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002. | |
*101.INS | XBRL Instance Document | |
*101.SCH | XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema | |
*101.CAL | XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase | |
*101.DEF | XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase | |
*101.LAB | XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase | |
*101.PRE | XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase | |
* | Filed herewith, XBRL (Extensible Business Reporting Language) information is furnished and not filed or a part of a registration statement or prospectus for purposes of Section 11 or 12 of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, is deemed not filed for purposes of Section 18 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, and otherwise is not subject to liability under these sections. |
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SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.
ALERIS CORPORATION | |||||||
Date: | November 7, 2013 | By: | /s/ SEAN M. STACK | ||||
Name: | Sean M. Stack | ||||||
Title: | Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer (Principal Financial Officer) |
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