LOANS AND CREDIT QUALITY | LOANS AND CREDIT QUALITY: For a detailed discussion of loans and credit quality, including accounting policies and the methodology used to estimate the allowance for credit losses, see Note 1, Summary of Significant Accounting Policies, and Note 5 , Loans and Credit Quality, within our 2017 Annual Report on Form 10-K. The Company's portfolio of loans held for investment is divided into two portfolio segments, consumer loans and commercial loans, which are the same segments used to determine the allowance for loan losses. Within each portfolio segment, the Company monitors and assesses credit risk based on the risk characteristics of each of the following loan classes: single family and home equity and other loans within the consumer loan portfolio segment and non-owner occupied commercial real estate, multifamily, construction/land development and owner occupied commercial real estate and commercial business loans within the commercial loan portfolio segment. Loans held for investment consist of the following: (in thousands) At March 31, At December 31, Consumer loans Single family (1) $ 1,444,193 $ 1,381,366 Home equity and other 470,273 453,489 Total consumer loans 1,914,466 1,834,855 Commercial real estate loans Non-owner occupied commercial real estate 633,719 622,782 Multifamily 811,892 728,037 Construction/land development 739,248 687,631 Total commercial real estate loans 2,184,859 2,038,450 Commercial and industrial loans Owner occupied commercial real estate 393,845 391,613 Commercial business 287,367 264,709 Total commercial and industrial loans 681,212 656,322 Loans held for investment before deferred fees, costs and allowance 4,780,537 4,529,627 Net deferred loan fees and costs 16,814 14,686 4,797,351 4,544,313 Allowance for loan losses (39,090 ) (37,847 ) Total loans held for investment $ 4,758,261 $ 4,506,466 (1) Includes $5.3 million and $5.5 million at March 31, 2018 and December 31, 2017 , respectively, of loans where a fair value option election was made at the time of origination and, therefore, are carried at fair value with changes recognized in the consolidated statements of operations. Loans in the amount of $1.74 billion and $1.81 billion at March 31, 2018 and December 31, 2017 , respectively, were pledged to secure borrowings from the FHLB as part of our liquidity management strategy. Additionally, loans totaling $672.8 million and $663.8 million at March 31, 2018 and December 31, 2017 , respectively, were pledged to secure borrowings from the Federal Reserve Bank. The FHLB and Federal Reserve Bank do not have the right to sell or re-pledge these loans. Credit Risk Concentrations Concentrations of credit risk arise when a number of customers are engaged in similar business activities or activities in the same geographic region, or when they have similar economic features that would cause their ability to meet contractual obligations to be similarly affected by changes in economic conditions. Loans held for investment are primarily secured by real estate located in the Pacific Northwest, California and Hawaii. At March 31, 2018 , we had concentrations representing 10% or more of the total portfolio by state and property type for the single family loan class within the states of Washington and California, which represented 14.7% and 11.1% of the total portfolio, respectively. At December 31, 2017 , we had concentrations representing 10% or more of the total portfolio by state and property type for the single family loan class within the states of Washington and California, which represented 15.0% and 10.9% of the total portfolio, respectively. Credit Quality Management considers the level of allowance for loan losses to be appropriate to cover credit losses inherent within the loans held for investment portfolio as of March 31, 2018 . In addition to the allowance for loan losses, the Company maintains a separate allowance for losses related to unfunded loan commitments, and this amount is included in accounts payable and other liabilities on our consolidated statements of financial condition. Collectively, these allowances are referred to as the allowance for credit losses. For further information on the policies that govern the determination of the allowance for loan losses levels, see Note 1, Summary of Significant Accounting Policies, within our 2017 Annual Report on Form 10-K. Activity in the allowance for credit losses was as follows. Three Months Ended March 31, (in thousands) 2018 2017 Allowance for credit losses (roll-forward): Beginning balance $ 39,116 $ 35,264 Provision for credit losses 750 — Recoveries, net of charge-offs 580 778 Ending balance $ 40,446 $ 36,042 Components: Allowance for loan losses $ 39,090 $ 34,735 Allowance for unfunded commitments 1,356 1,307 Allowance for credit losses $ 40,446 $ 36,042 Activity in the allowance for credit losses by loan portfolio and loan class was as follows. Three Months Ended March 31, 2018 (in thousands) Beginning Charge-offs Recoveries (Reversal of) Provision Ending Consumer loans Single family $ 9,412 $ — $ 280 $ (484 ) $ 9,208 Home equity and other 7,081 (97 ) 76 (73 ) 6,987 Total consumer loans 16,493 (97 ) 356 (557 ) 16,195 Commercial real estate loans Non-owner occupied commercial real estate 4,755 — — (128 ) 4,627 Multifamily 3,895 — — 756 4,651 Construction/land development 8,677 — 171 311 9,159 Total commercial real estate loans 17,327 — 171 939 18,437 Commercial and industrial loans Owner occupied commercial real estate 2,960 — — 6 2,966 Commercial business 2,336 (1 ) 151 362 2,848 Total commercial and industrial loans 5,296 (1 ) 151 368 5,814 Total allowance for credit losses $ 39,116 $ (98 ) $ 678 $ 750 $ 40,446 Three Months Ended March 31, 2017 (in thousands) Beginning Charge-offs Recoveries (Reversal of) Provision Ending Consumer loans Single family $ 8,196 $ — $ 333 $ (575 ) $ 7,954 Home equity and other 6,153 (325 ) 286 432 6,546 Total consumer loans 14,349 (325 ) 619 (143 ) 14,500 Commercial real estate loans Non-owner occupied commercial real estate 4,481 — — 218 4,699 Multifamily 3,086 — — 707 3,793 Construction/land development 8,553 — 220 (704 ) 8,069 Total commercial real estate loans 16,120 — 220 221 16,561 Commercial and industrial loans Owner occupied commercial real estate 2,199 — — 138 2,337 Commercial business 2,596 — 264 (216 ) 2,644 Total commercial and industrial loans 4,795 — 264 (78 ) 4,981 Total allowance for credit losses $ 35,264 $ (325 ) $ 1,103 $ — $ 36,042 The following tables disaggregate our allowance for credit losses and recorded investment in loans by impairment methodology. At March 31, 2018 (in thousands) Allowance: collectively evaluated for impairment Allowance: individually evaluated for impairment Total Loans: collectively evaluated for impairment Loans: individually evaluated for impairment Total Consumer loans Single family $ 9,083 $ 125 $ 9,208 $ 1,370,077 $ 68,828 $ 1,438,905 Home equity and other 6,941 46 6,987 468,990 1,267 470,257 Total consumer loans 16,024 171 16,195 1,839,067 70,095 1,909,162 Commercial loans Non-owner occupied commercial real estate 4,627 — 4,627 633,719 — 633,719 Multifamily 4,651 — 4,651 811,093 799 811,892 Construction/land development 9,159 — 9,159 738,658 590 739,248 Total commercial real estate loans 18,437 — 18,437 2,183,470 1,389 2,184,859 Commercial and industrial loans Owner occupied commercial real estate 2,966 — 2,966 390,991 2,854 393,845 Commercial business 2,710 138 2,848 284,582 2,785 287,367 Total commercial and industrial loans 5,676 138 5,814 675,573 5,639 681,212 Total loans evaluated for impairment 40,137 309 40,446 4,698,110 77,123 4,775,233 Loans held for investment carried at fair value — — — — — 5,304 (1) Total loans held for investment $ 40,137 $ 309 $ 40,446 $ 4,698,110 $ 77,123 $ 4,780,537 At December 31, 2017 (in thousands) Allowance: collectively evaluated for impairment Allowance: individually evaluated for impairment Total Loans: collectively evaluated for impairment Loans: individually evaluated for impairment Total Consumer loans Single family $ 9,188 $ 224 $ 9,412 $ 1,300,939 $ 74,967 $ 1,375,906 Home equity and other 7,036 45 7,081 452,182 1,290 453,472 Total consumer loans 16,224 269 16,493 1,753,121 76,257 1,829,378 Commercial real estate loans Non-owner occupied commercial real estate 4,755 — 4,755 622,782 — 622,782 Multifamily 3,895 — 3,895 727,228 809 728,037 Construction/land development 8,677 — 8,677 687,177 454 687,631 Total commercial real estate loans 17,327 — 17,327 2,037,187 1,263 2,038,450 Commercial and industrial loans Owner occupied commercial real estate 2,960 — 2,960 388,624 2,989 391,613 Commercial business 2,316 20 2,336 261,603 3,106 264,709 Total commercial and industrial loans 5,276 20 5,296 650,227 6,095 656,322 Total loans evaluated for impairment 38,827 289 39,116 4,440,535 83,615 4,524,150 Loans held for investment carried at fair value — — — 5,246 231 5,477 (1) Total loans held for investment $ 38,827 $ 289 $ 39,116 $ 4,445,781 $ 83,846 $ 4,529,627 (1) Comprised of single family loans where a fair value option election was made at the time of origination and, therefore, are carried at fair value with changes recognized in the consolidated statements of operations. Impaired Loans The following tables present impaired loans by loan portfolio segment and loan class. At March 31, 2018 (in thousands) Recorded investment (1) Unpaid principal balance (2) Related allowance With no related allowance recorded: Consumer loans Single family $ 66,257 $ 67,085 $ — Home equity and other 763 788 — Total consumer loans 67,020 67,873 — Commercial real estate loans Multifamily 799 831 — Construction/land development 590 590 — Total commercial real estate loans 1,389 1,421 — Commercial and industrial loans Owner occupied commercial real estate 2,854 3,165 — Commercial business 1,875 2,560 — Total commercial and industrial loans 4,729 5,725 — $ 73,138 $ 75,019 $ — With an allowance recorded: Consumer loans Single family $ 2,571 $ 2,629 $ 125 Home equity and other 504 504 46 Total consumer loans 3,075 3,133 171 Commercial and industrial loans Commercial business 910 1,332 138 Total commercial and industrial loans 910 1,332 138 $ 3,985 $ 4,465 $ 309 Total: Consumer loans Single family (3) $ 68,828 $ 69,714 $ 125 Home equity and other 1,267 1,292 46 Total consumer loans 70,095 71,006 171 Commercial real estate loans Multifamily 799 831 — Construction/land development 590 590 — Total commercial and industrial loans 1,389 1,421 — Commercial and industrial loans Owner occupied commercial real estate 2,854 3,165 — Commercial business 2,785 3,892 138 Total commercial and industrial loans 5,639 7,057 138 Total impaired loans $ 77,123 $ 79,484 $ 309 (1) Includes partial charge-offs and nonaccrual interest paid and purchase discounts and premiums. (2) Unpaid principal balance does not include partial charge-offs, purchase discounts and premiums or nonaccrual interest paid. Related allowance is calculated on net book balances not unpaid principal balances. (3) Includes $66.3 million in single family performing trouble debt restructurings ("TDRs"). At December 31, 2017 (in thousands) Recorded investment (1) Unpaid principal balance (2) Related allowance With no related allowance recorded: Consumer loans Single family $ 71,264 (4 ) $ 72,424 $ — Home equity and other 782 807 — Total consumer loans 72,046 73,231 — Commercial real estate loans Multifamily 809 837 — Construction/land development 454 454 — Total commercial real estate loans 1,263 1,291 — Commercial and industrial loans Owner occupied commercial real estate 2,989 3,288 — Commercial business 2,398 3,094 — Total commercial and industrial loans 5,387 6,382 — $ 78,696 $ 80,904 $ — With an allowance recorded: Consumer loans Single family $ 3,934 $ 4,025 $ 224 Home equity and other 508 508 45 Total consumer loans 4,442 4,533 269 Commercial and industrial loans Commercial business 708 755 20 Total commercial and industrial loans 708 755 20 $ 5,150 $ 5,288 $ 289 Total: Consumer loans Single family (3) $ 75,198 $ 76,449 $ 224 Home equity and other 1,290 1,315 45 Total consumer loans 76,488 77,764 269 Commercial real estate loans Multifamily 809 837 — Construction/land development 454 454 — Total commercial real estate loans 1,263 1,291 — Commercial and industrial loans Owner occupied commercial real estate 2,989 3,288 — Commercial business 3,106 3,849 20 Total commercial and industrial loans 6,095 7,137 20 Total impaired loans $ 83,846 $ 86,192 $ 289 (1) Includes partial charge-offs and nonaccrual interest paid and purchase discounts and premiums. (2) Unpaid principal balance does not include partial charge-offs, purchase discounts and premiums or nonaccrual interest paid. Related allowance is calculated on net book balances not unpaid principal balances. (3) Includes $69.6 million in single family performing TDRs. (4) Includes $231 thousand of fair value option loans. The following tables provide the average recorded investment and interest income recognized on impaired loans by portfolio segment and class. Three Months Ended March 31, 2018 Three Months Ended March 31, 2017 (in thousands) Average Recorded Investment Interest Income Recognized Average Recorded Investment Interest Income Recognized Consumer loans Single family $ 72,013 $ 653 $ 82,007 $ 750 Home equity and other 1,279 19 1,449 19 Total consumer loans 73,292 672 83,456 769 Commercial real estate loans Non-owner occupied commercial real estate — — 1,225 — Multifamily 804 6 841 6 Construction/land development 522 5 1,540 26 Total commercial real estate loans 1,326 11 3,606 32 Commercial and industrial loans Owner occupied commercial real estate 2,921 36 2,707 59 Commercial business 2,945 37 3,113 47 Total commercial and industrial loans 5,866 73 5,820 106 $ 80,484 $ 756 $ 92,882 $ 907 Credit Quality Indicators Management regularly reviews loans in the portfolio to assess credit quality indicators and to determine appropriate loan classification and grading in accordance with applicable bank regulations. The Company's risk rating methodology assigns risk ratings ranging from 1 to 10, where a higher rating represents higher risk. The Company differentiates its lending portfolios into homogeneous loans and non-homogeneous loans. The 10 risk rating categories can be generally described by the following groupings for non-homogeneous loans: Pass. We have five pass risk ratings which represent a level of credit quality that ranges from no well-defined deficiency or weakness to some noted weakness, however the risk of default on any loan classified as pass is expected to be remote. The five pass risk ratings are described below: Minimal Risk . A minimal risk loan, risk rated 1-Exceptional, is to a borrower of the highest quality. The borrower has an unquestioned ability to produce consistent profits and service all obligations and can absorb severe market disturbances with little or no difficulty. Low Risk. A low risk loan, risk rated 2-Superior, is similar in characteristics to a minimal risk loan. Balance sheet and operations are slightly more prone to fluctuations within the business cycle; however, debt capacity and debt service coverage remains strong. The borrower will have a strong demonstrated ability to produce profits and absorb market disturbances. Modest Risk. A modest risk loan, risk rated 3-Excellent, is a desirable loan with excellent sources of repayment and no currently identifiable risk associated with collection. The borrower exhibits a very strong capacity to repay the loan in accordance with the repayment agreement. The borrower may be susceptible to economic cycles, but will have cash reserves to weather these cycles. Average Risk. An average risk loan, risk rated 4-Good, is an attractive loan with sound sources of repayment and no material collection or repayment weakness evident. The borrower has an acceptable capacity to pay in accordance with the agreement. The borrower is susceptible to economic cycles and more efficient competition, but should have modest reserves sufficient to survive all but the most severe downturns or major setbacks. Acceptable Risk. An acceptable risk loan, risk rated 5-Acceptable, is a loan with lower than average, but still acceptable credit risk. These borrowers may have higher leverage, less certain but viable repayment sources, have limited financial reserves and may possess weaknesses that can be adequately mitigated through collateral, structural or credit enhancement. The borrower is susceptible to economic cycles and is less resilient to negative market forces or financial events. Reserves may be insufficient to survive a modest downturn. Watch. A watch loan, risk rated 6-Watch, is still pass-rated, but represents the lowest level of acceptable risk due to an emerging risk element or declining performance trend. Watch ratings are expected to be temporary, with issues resolved or manifested to the extent that a higher or lower rating would be appropriate. The borrower should have a plausible plan, with reasonable certainty of success, to correct the problems in a short period of time. Borrowers rated watch are characterized by elements of uncertainty, such as: • The borrower may be experiencing declining operating trends, strained cash flows or less-than anticipated performance. Cash flow should still be adequate to cover debt service, and the negative trends should be identified as being of a short-term or temporary nature. • The borrower may have experienced a minor, unexpected covenant violation. • Companies who may be experiencing tight working capital or have a cash cushion deficiency. • A loan may also be a watch if financial information is late, there is a documentation deficiency, the borrower has experienced unexpected management turnover, or if they face industry issues that, when combined with performance factors create uncertainty in their future ability to perform. • Delinquent payments, increasing and material overdraft activity, request for bulge and/or out- of-formula advances may be an indicator of inadequate working capital and may suggest a lower rating. • Failure of the intended repayment source to materialize as expected, or renewal of a loan (other than cash/marketable security secured or lines of credit) without reduction are possible indicators of a watch or worse risk rating. Special Mention. A special mention loan, risk rated 7-Special Mention, has potential weaknesses that deserve management’s close attention. If left uncorrected, these potential weaknesses may result in deterioration of the repayment prospects for the loans or the institutions credit position at some future date. They contain unfavorable characteristics and are generally undesirable. Loans in this category are currently protected but are potentially weak and constitute an undue and unwarranted credit risk, but not to the point of a substandard classification. A special mention loan has potential weaknesses, which if not checked or corrected, weaken the loan or inadequately protect the Company’s position at some future date. Such weaknesses include: • Performance is poor or significantly less than expected. There may be a temporary debt-servicing deficiency or inadequate working capital as evidenced by a cash cushion deficiency, but not to the extent that repayment is compromised. Material violation of financial covenants is common. • Loans with unresolved material issues that significantly cloud the debt service outlook, even though a debt servicing deficiency does not currently exist. • Modest underperformance or deviation from plan for real estate loans where absorption of rental/sales units is necessary to properly service the debt as structured. Depth of support for interest carry provided by owner/guarantors may mitigate and provide for improved rating. • This rating may be assigned when a loan officer is unable to supervise the credit properly, or when there is an inadequate loan agreement, an inability to control collateral, failure to obtain proper documentation, or any other deviation from prudent lending practices. • Unlike a substandard credit, there should be a reasonable expectation that these temporary issues will be corrected within the normal course of business, rather than liquidation of assets, and in a reasonable period of time. Substandard. A substandard loan, risk rated 8-Substandard, is inadequately protected by the current sound worth and paying capacity of the borrower or of the collateral pledged, if any. Loans so classified must have a well-defined weakness or weaknesses that jeopardize the liquidation of the loan. They are characterized by the distinct possibility that the Company will sustain some loss if the deficiencies are not corrected. Loss potential, while existing in the aggregate amount of substandard loans, does not have to exist in individual loans classified substandard. Loans are classified as substandard when they have unsatisfactory characteristics causing unacceptable levels of risk. A substandard loan normally has one or more well-defined weaknesses that could jeopardize repayment of the loan. The likely need to liquidate assets to correct the problem, rather than repayment from successful operations, is the key distinction between special mention and substandard. The following are examples of well-defined weaknesses: • Cash flow deficiencies or trends are of a magnitude to jeopardize current and future payments with no immediate relief. A loss is not presently expected, however the outlook is sufficiently uncertain to preclude ruling out the possibility. • The borrower has been unable to adjust to prolonged and unfavorable industry or economic trends. • Material underperformance or deviation from plan for real estate loans where absorption of rental/sales units is necessary to properly service the debt and risk is not mitigated by willingness and capacity of owner/guarantor to support interest payments. • Management character or honesty has become suspect. This includes instances where the borrower has become uncooperative. • Due to unprofitable or unsuccessful business operations, some form of restructuring of the business, including liquidation of assets, has become the primary source of loan repayment. Cash flow has deteriorated, or been diverted, to the point that sale of collateral is now the Company’s primary source of repayment (unless this was the original source of repayment). If the collateral is under the Company’s control and is cash or other liquid, highly marketable securities and properly margined, then a more appropriate rating might be special mention or watch. • The borrower is involved in bankruptcy proceedings where collateral liquidation values are expected to fully protect the Company against loss. • There is material, uncorrectable faulty documentation or materially suspect financial information. Doubtful. Loans classified as doubtful, risk rated 9-Doubtful, have all the weaknesses inherent in one classified substandard with the added characteristic that the weaknesses make collection or liquidation in full, on the basis of currently existing facts, conditions and values, highly questionable and improbable. The possibility of loss is extremely high, but because of certain important and reasonably specific pending factors, which may work towards strengthening of the loan, classification as a loss (and immediate charge-off) is deferred until more exact status may be determined. Pending factors include proposed merger, acquisition, liquidation procedures, capital injection, and perfection of liens on additional collateral and refinancing plans. In certain circumstances, a doubtful rating will be temporary, while the Company is awaiting an updated collateral valuation. In these cases, once the collateral is valued and appropriate margin applied, the remaining un-collateralized portion will be charged-off. The remaining balance, properly margined, may then be upgraded to substandard, however must remain on non-accrual. Loss. Loans classified as loss, risk rated 10-Loss, are considered un-collectible and of such little value that the continuance as an active Company asset is not warranted. This rating does not mean that the loan has no recovery or salvage value, but rather that the loan should be charged-off now, even though partial or full recovery may be possible in the future. Impaired. Loans are classified as impaired when, based on current information and events, it is probable that the Company will be unable to collect the scheduled payments of principal and interest when due, in accordance with the terms of the original loan agreement, without unreasonable delay. This generally includes all loans classified as nonaccrual and troubled debt restructurings. Impaired loans are risk rated for internal and regulatory rating purposes, but presented separately for clarification. Homogeneous loans maintain their original risk rating until they are greater than 30 days past due, and risk rating reclassification is based primarily on the past due status of the loan. The risk rating categories can be generally described by the following groupings for commercial and commercial real estate homogeneous loans: Watch. A homogeneous watch loan, risk rated 6, is 30-59 days past due from the required payment date at month-end. Special Mention. A homogeneous special mention loan, risk rated 7, is 60-89 days past due from the required payment date at month-end. S ubstandard. A homogeneous substandard loan, risk rated 8, is 90 days or more past due from the required payment date at month-end. Loss. A homogeneous loss loan is risk rated 10 when the loss has been confirmed and charged off through the Bank’s commercial special assets collection process. . The risk rating categories can be generally described by the following groupings for residential and home equity and other homogeneous loans: Watch. A homogeneous retail watch loan, risk rated 6, is 60-89 days past due from the required payment date at month-end. Substandard. A homogeneous retail substandard loan, risk rated 8, is 90-179 days past due from the required payment date at month-end. Loss. A homogeneous retail loss loan is risk rated 10 when it becomes past due 180 cumulative days from the contractual due date. These loans are generally charged-off in the month in which the 180 day period elapses. Residential and home equity loans modified in a troubled debt restructure are not considered homogeneous. The risk rating classification for such loans are based on the non-homogeneous definitions noted above. The following tables summarize designated loan grades by loan portfolio segment and loan class. At March 31, 2018 (in thousands) Pass Watch Special mention Substandard Total Consumer loans Single family $ 1,422,002 (1) $ 2,812 $ 12,187 $ 7,192 $ 1,444,193 Home equity and other 467,900 147 825 1,401 470,273 1,889,902 2,959 13,012 8,593 1,914,466 Commercial real estate loans Non-owner occupied commercial real estate 622,453 10,068 405 793 633,719 Multifamily 777,176 33,917 503 296 811,892 Construction/land development 715,642 21,927 1,603 76 739,248 2,115,271 65,912 2,511 1,165 2,184,859 Commercial and industrial loans Owner occupied commercial real estate 358,034 21,292 12,277 2,242 393,845 Commercial business 230,732 37,457 16,688 2,490 287,367 588,766 58,749 28,965 4,732 681,212 $ 4,593,939 $ 127,620 $ 44,488 $ 14,490 $ 4,780,537 (1) Includes $5.3 million of loans where a fair value option election was made at the time of origination and, therefore, are carried at fair value with changes recognized in the consolidated statements of operations. At December 31, 2017 (in thousands) Pass Watch Special mention Substandard Total Consumer loans Single family $ 1,355,965 (1) $ 2,982 $ 11,328 $ 11,091 $ 1,381,366 Home equity and other 451,194 143 751 1,401 453,489 1,807,159 3,125 12,079 12,492 1,834,855 Commercial real estate loans Non-owner occupied commercial real estate 613,181 8,801 — 800 622,782 Multifamily 693,190 34,038 507 302 728,037 Construction/land development 664,025 22,062 1,466 78 687,631 1,970,396 64,901 1,973 1,180 2,038,450 Commercial and industrial loans Owner occupied commercial real estate 361,429 20,949 6,399 2,836 391,613 Commercial business 220,461 39,588 1,959 2,701 264,709 581,890 60,537 8,358 5,537 656,322 $ 4,359,445 $ 128,563 $ 22,410 $ 19,209 $ 4,529,627 (1) Includes $5.5 million of loans where a fair value option election was made at the time of origination and, therefore, are carried at fair value with changes recognized in the consolidated statements of operations. As of March 31, 2018 and December 31, 2017 , none of the Company's loans were rated Doubtful or Loss. For a detailed discussion on credit quality, see Note 5, Loans and Credit Quality , within our 2017 Annual Report on Form 10-K. Nonaccrual and Past Due Loans Loans are placed on nonaccrual status when the full and timely collection of principal and interest is doubtful, generally when the loan becomes 90 days or more past due for principal or interest payment or if part of the principal balance has been charged off. Loans whose repayments are insured by the Federal Housing Administration ("FHA") or guaranteed by the Veterans Administration ("VA") are generally maintained on accrual status even if 90 days or more past due. The following tables present an aging analysis of past due loans by loan portfolio segment and loan class. At March 31, 2018 (in thousands) 30-59 days past due 60-89 days past due 90 days or more past due Total past due Current Total loans 90 days or more past due and accruing Consumer loans Single family $ 12,636 $ 7,750 $ 45,926 $ 66,312 $ 1,377,881 (1) $ 1,444,193 $ 38,734 (2) Home equity and other 186 28 1,400 1,614 468,659 470,273 — 12,822 7,778 47,326 67,926 1,846,540 1,914,466 38,734 Commercial real estate loans Non-owner occupied commercial real estate — — — — 633,719 633,719 — Multifamily — — 296 296 811,596 811,892 — Construction/land development — — 76 76 739,172 739,248 — — — 372 372 2,184,487 2,184,859 — Commercial and industrial loans Owner occupied commercial real estate — — 626 626 393,219 393,845 — Commercial business 378 — 1,288 1,666 285,701 287,367 — 378 — 1,914 2,292 678,920 681,212 — $ 13,200 $ 7,778 $ 49,612 $ 70,590 $ 4,709,947 $ 4,780,537 $ 38,734 At December 31, 2017 (in thousands) 30-59 days 60-89 days 90 days or Total past Current Total 90 days or Consumer loans Single family $ 10,493 $ 4,437 $ 48,262 $ 63,192 $ 1,318,174 (1) $ 1,381,366 $ 37,171 (2) Home equity and other 750 20 1,404 2,174 451,315 453,489 — 11,243 4,457 49,666 65,366 1,769,489 1,834,855 37,171 Commercial real estate loans Non-owner occupied commercial real estate — — — — 622,782 622,782 — Multifamily — — 302 302 727,735 728,037 — Construction/land development 641 — 78 719 686,912 687,631 — 641 — 380 1,021 2,037,429 2,038,450 — Commercial and industrial loans Owner occupied commercial real estate — — 640 640 390,973 391,613 — Commercial business 377 — 1,526 1,903 262,806 264,709 — 377 — 2,166 2,543 653,779 656,322 — $ 12,261 $ 4,457 $ 52,212 $ 68,930 $ 4,460,697 $ 4,529,627 $ 37,171 (1) Includes $5.3 million and $5.5 million of loans at March 31, 2018 and December 31, 2017 , respectively, where a fair value option election was made at the time of origination and, therefore, are carried at fair value with changes recognized in our consolidated statements of operations. (2) FHA-insured and VA-guaranteed single family loans that are 90 days or more past due are maintained on accrual status if they are determined to have little to no risk of loss. The following tables present performing and nonperforming loan balances by loan portfolio segment and loan class. At March 31, 2018 (in thousands) Accrual Nonaccrual Total Consumer loans Single family $ 1,437,001 (1) $ 7,192 $ 1,444,193 Home equity and other 468,872 1,401 470,273 1,905,873 8,593 1,914,466 Commercial real estate loans Non-owner occupied commercial real estate 633,719 — 633,719 Multifamily 811,596 296 811,892 Construction/land development 739,172 76 739,248 2,184,487 372 2,184,859 Commercial and industrial loans Owner occupied commercial real estate 393,219 626 393,845 Commercial business 286,079 1,288 287,367 679,298 1,914 681,212 $ 4,769,658 $ 10,879 $ 4,780,537 At December 31, 2017 (in thousands) Accrual Nonaccrual Total Consumer loans Single family $ 1,370,275 (1) $ 11,091 $ 1,381,366 Home equity and other 452,085 1,404 453,489 1,822,360 12,495 1,834,855 Commercial real estate loans Non-owner occupied commercial real estate 622,782 — 622,782 Multifamily 727,735 302 728,037 Construction/land development 687,553 78 687,631 2,038,070 |