Loan and Lease Receivables, Impaired Loans and Leases and Allowance for Loan and Lease Losses | Loan and Lease Receivables, Impaired Loans and Leases and Allowance for Loan and Lease Losses Loan and lease receivables consist of the following: December 31, December 31, (In Thousands) Commercial real estate: Commercial real estate — owner occupied $ 176,459 $ 176,322 Commercial real estate — non-owner occupied 473,158 436,901 Land development 56,638 59,779 Construction 101,206 100,625 Multi-family 92,762 80,254 1-4 family 45,651 50,304 Total commercial real estate 945,874 904,185 Commercial and industrial 450,298 472,193 Direct financing leases, net 30,951 31,093 Consumer and other: Home equity and second mortgages 8,412 8,237 Other 16,329 16,319 Total consumer and other 24,741 24,556 Total gross loans and leases receivable 1,451,864 1,432,027 Less: Allowance for loan and lease losses 20,912 16,316 Deferred loan fees 1,189 1,062 Loans and leases receivable, net $ 1,429,763 $ 1,414,649 As of December 31, 2016 and 2015 , the total amount of the Corporation’s ownership of SBA loans on the Consolidated Balance Sheets was $62.1 million and $53.2 million , respectively. As of December 31, 2016 and 2015 , $5.5 million and $1.1 million of loans in this portfolio were considered impaired, respectively. Loans transferred to third parties consist of the guaranteed portion of SBA loans which the Corporation sold in the secondary market, as well as participation interests in other originated loans. The total principal amount of the guaranteed portion of SBA loans sold during the year ended December 31, 2016 and 2015 was $41.2 million and $40.2 million , respectively. Each of the transfers of these financial assets met the qualifications for sale accounting, and therefore, all of the loans transferred during the year ended December 31, 2016 and 2015 have been derecognized in the Consolidated Financial Statements. The guaranteed portion of SBA loans were transferred at their fair value and the related gain was recognized upon the transfer as non-interest income in the Consolidated Financial Statements. The total outstanding balance of sold SBA loans at December 31, 2016 and 2015 was $105.1 million and $78.2 million , respectively, while the retained, unguaranteed portion of sold SBA loans on the Corporation’s Consolidated Balance Sheets was $32.2 million and $26.2 million as of December 31, 2016 and 2015 , respectively. The total principal amount of transferred participation interests in other originated commercial loans during the year ended December 31, 2016 and 2015 was $17.6 million and $26.8 million , respectively, all of which were treated as sales and derecognized under the applicable accounting guidance at the time of transfer. No gain or loss was recognized on participation interests in other originated loans as they were transferred at or near the date of loan origination and the payments received for servicing the portion of the loans participated represents adequate compensation. The total outstanding balance of these transferred loans at December 31, 2016 and 2015 was $102.7 million and $91.0 million , respectively. As of December 31, 2016 and 2015 , the total amount of the Corporation’s partial ownership of these transferred loans on the Consolidated Balance Sheets was $106.1 million and $110.6 million , respectively. No loans in this participation portfolio were considered impaired as of December 31, 2016 and 2015 . The Corporation does not share in the participant’s portion of any potential charge-offs. The total amount of loan participations purchased on the Consolidated Balance Sheets as of December 31, 2016 and 2015 was $1.2 million and $1.8 million , respectively. The Corporation also sells residential real estate loans, servicing released, in the secondary market. The total principal amount of residential real estate loans sold during the year ended December 31, 2016 and 2015 was $26.3 million and $32.6 million , respectively. Each of the transfers of these financial assets met the qualifications for sale accounting, and therefore all of the loans transferred have been derecognized in the Consolidated Financial Statements. The loans were transferred at their fair value and the related gain was recognized as non-interest income upon the transfer in the Consolidated Financial Statements. According to ASC 310-30, Accounting for Certain Loans or Debt Securities Acquired in a Transfer , purchased credit-impaired loans exhibit evidence of deterioration in credit quality since origination for which it is probable at acquisition that the Corporation will be unable to collect all contractually required payments. Purchased credit-impaired loans are initially recorded at fair value, which is estimated by discounting the cash flows expected to be collected at the acquisition date. Because the estimate of expected cash flows reflects an estimate of future credit losses expected to be incurred over the life of the loans, an allowance for credit losses is not recorded at the acquisition date. The excess of cash flows expected at acquisition over the estimated fair value, referred to as the accretable yield, is recognized in interest income over the remaining life of the loan on a level-yield basis, contingent on the subsequent evaluation of future expected cash flows. The difference between the contractually required payments at acquisition and the cash flows expected to be collected at acquisition is referred to as the nonaccretable difference. A subsequent decrease in the estimate of cash flows expected to be received on purchased credit-impaired loans generally results in the recognition of an allowance for loan and lease losses. Subsequent increases in cash flows result in reversal of any nonaccretable difference (or allowance for loan and lease losses to the extent any has been recorded) with a positive impact on interest income recognized. The measurement of cash flows involves assumptions and judgments for interest rates, prepayments, default rates, loss severity and collateral values. All of these factors are inherently subjective and significant changes in the cash flow estimates over the life of the loan can result. The following table reflects the contractually required payments receivable and fair value of the Corporation’s purchased credit-impaired loans as of December 31, 2016 and 2015 : December 31, December 31, (In Thousands) Contractually required payments $ 3,265 $ 5,291 Fair value of purchased credit-impaired loans 1,432 3,250 The following table presents a rollforward of the accretable yield for the year ended December 31, 2016 and 2015 : December 31, December 31, (In Thousands) Accretable yield, beginning of period $ 414 $ 676 Accretion recognized in interest income (129 ) (50 ) Reclassification to nonaccretable difference for loans with changing cash flows (1) (244 ) (60 ) Changes in accretable yield for non-credit related changes in expected cash flows (2) 94 (152 ) Accretable yield, end of period $ 135 $ 414 (1) Represents changes in accretable yield for those loans that are driven primarily by credit performance. (2) Represents changes in accretable yield for those loans that are driven primarily by changes in actual and estimated payments. Certain of the Corporation’s executive officers, directors and their related interests are loan clients of the Banks. As of December 31, 2016 and 2015 , loans aggregating approximately $6.3 million and $6.9 million , respectively, were outstanding to such parties. New loans granted to such parties during the years ended December 31, 2016 and 2015 were approximately $673,000 and $3.9 million and repayments on such loans were approximately $1.3 million and $1.4 million , respectively. These loans were made in the ordinary course of business and on substantially the same terms as those prevailing at the time for comparable loans not related to the lender. None of these loans were considered impaired as of December 31, 2016 or 2015 . The following information illustrates ending balances of the Corporation’s loan and lease portfolio, including impaired loans by class of receivable, and considering certain credit quality indicators as of December 31, 2016 and 2015 : December 31, 2016 Category I II III IV Total (Dollars in Thousands) Commercial real estate: Commercial real estate — owner occupied $ 142,704 $ 20,294 $ 11,174 $ 2,287 $ 176,459 Commercial real estate — non-owner occupied 447,895 20,933 2,721 1,609 473,158 Land development 52,082 823 293 3,440 56,638 Construction 93,510 3,154 1,624 2,918 101,206 Multi-family 87,418 1,937 3,407 — 92,762 1-4 family 38,504 3,144 1,431 2,572 45,651 Total commercial real estate 862,113 50,285 20,650 12,826 945,874 Commercial and industrial 348,201 42,949 46,675 12,473 450,298 Direct financing leases, net 29,351 1,600 — — 30,951 Consumer and other: Home equity and second mortgages 8,271 121 12 8 8,412 Other 15,714 — 11 604 16,329 Total consumer and other 23,985 121 23 612 24,741 Total gross loans and leases receivable $ 1,263,650 $ 94,955 $ 67,348 $ 25,911 $ 1,451,864 Category as a % of total portfolio 87.04 % 6.54 % 4.64 % 1.78 % 100.00 % December 31, 2015 Category I II III IV Total (Dollars in Thousands) Commercial real estate: Commercial real estate — owner occupied $ 156,379 $ 7,654 $ 9,311 $ 2,978 $ 176,322 Commercial real estate — non-owner occupied 410,517 20,662 3,408 2,314 436,901 Land development 52,817 2,241 309 4,412 59,779 Construction 98,693 851 564 517 100,625 Multi-family 79,368 884 — 2 80,254 1-4 family 41,086 3,985 1,865 3,368 50,304 Total commercial real estate 838,860 36,277 15,457 13,591 904,185 Commercial and industrial 430,199 7,139 25,706 9,149 472,193 Direct financing leases, net 29,514 1,013 528 38 31,093 Consumer and other: Home equity and second mortgages 7,497 — 141 599 8,237 Other 15,616 48 — 655 16,319 Total consumer and other 23,113 48 141 1,254 24,556 Total gross loans and leases receivable $ 1,321,686 $ 44,477 $ 41,832 $ 24,032 $ 1,432,027 Category as a % of total portfolio 92.29 % 3.11 % 2.92 % 1.68 % 100.00 % Credit underwriting through a committee process is a key component of the Corporation’s operating philosophy. Commercial lenders have relatively low individual lending authority limits, and thus a significant portion of the Corporation’s new credit extensions require approval from a loan approval committee regardless of the type of loan or lease, asset quality grade of the credit, amount of the credit or the related complexities of each proposal. Each credit is evaluated for proper risk rating upon origination, at the time of each subsequent renewal, upon receipt and evaluation of updated financial information from the Corporation’s borrowers or as other circumstances dictate. The Corporation uses a nine grade risk rating system to monitor the ongoing credit quality of its loans and leases. The risk rating grades follow a consistent definition and are then applied to specific loan types based on the nature of the loan. Each risk rating is subjective and, depending on the size and nature of the credit, subject to various levels of review and concurrence on the stated risk rating. In addition to its nine grade risk rating system, the Corporation groups loans into four loan and related risk categories which determine the level and nature of review by management. Category I — Loans and leases in this category are performing in accordance with the terms of the contract and generally exhibit no immediate concerns regarding the security and viability of the underlying collateral, financial stability of the borrower, integrity or strength of the borrower’s management team or the industry in which the borrower operates. Loans and leases in this category are not subject to additional monitoring procedures above and beyond what is required at the origination or renewal of the loan or lease. The Corporation monitors Category I loans and leases through payment performance, continued maintenance of its personal relationships with such borrowers and continued review of such borrowers’ compliance with the terms of their respective agreements. Category II — Loans and leases in this category are beginning to show signs of deterioration in one or more of the Corporation’s core underwriting criteria such as financial stability, management strength, industry trends or collateral values. Management will place credits in this category to allow for proactive monitoring and resolution with the borrower to possibly mitigate the area of concern and prevent further deterioration or risk of loss to the Corporation. Category II loans are considered performing but are monitored frequently by the assigned business development officer and by subcommittees of the Banks’ loan committees. Category III — Loans and leases in this category are identified by management as warranting special attention. However, the balance in this category is not intended to represent the amount of adversely classified assets held by the Banks. Category III loans and leases generally exhibit undesirable characteristics, such as evidence of adverse financial trends and conditions, managerial problems, deteriorating economic conditions within the related industry or evidence of adverse public filings and may exhibit collateral shortfall positions. Management continues to believe that it will collect all contractual principal and interest in accordance with the original terms of the contracts relating to the loans and leases in this category, and therefore Category III loans are considered performing with no specific reserves established for this category. Category III loans are monitored by management and the Banks’ loan committees on a monthly basis and the Banks’ boards of directors at each of their regularly scheduled meetings. Category IV — Loans and leases in this category are considered to be impaired. Impaired loans and leases have been placed on non-accrual as management has determined that it is unlikely that the Banks will receive the contractual principal and interest in accordance with the original terms of the agreement. Impaired loans are individually evaluated to assess the need for the establishment of specific reserves or charge-offs. When analyzing the adequacy of collateral, the Corporation obtains external appraisals at least annually for impaired loans and leases. External appraisals are obtained from the Corporation’s approved appraiser listing and are independently reviewed to monitor the quality of such appraisals. To the extent a collateral shortfall position is present, a specific reserve or charge-off will be recorded to reflect the magnitude of the impairment. Loans and leases in this category are monitored by management and the Banks’ loan committees on a monthly basis and the Banks’ boards of directors at each of their regularly scheduled meetings. Utilizing regulatory classification terminology, the Corporation identified $34.3 million and $26.8 million of loans and leases as Substandard as of December 31, 2016 and 2015 , respectively. No loans were considered Special Mention, Doubtful or Loss as of either December 31, 2016 or 2015 . The population of Substandard loans is a subset of Category III and Category IV loans. The delinquency aging of the loan and lease portfolio by class of receivable as of December 31, 2016 and 2015 were as follows: December 31, 2016 30-59 60-89 Greater Total Past Due Current Total (Dollars in Thousands) Accruing loans and leases Commercial real estate: Owner occupied $ — $ — $ — $ — $ 174,236 $ 174,236 Non-owner occupied — — — — 471,549 471,549 Land development — — — — 53,198 53,198 Construction — — — — 98,288 98,288 Multi-family — — — — 92,762 92,762 1-4 family 75 — — 75 43,639 43,714 Commercial and industrial 55 468 — 523 437,312 437,835 Direct financing leases, net — — — — 30,951 30,951 Consumer and other: Home equity and second mortgages — — — — 8,412 8,412 Other — — — — 15,725 15,725 Total $ 130 $ 468 $ — $ 598 $ 1,426,072 $ 1,426,670 Non-accruing loans and leases Commercial real estate: Owner occupied $ — $ — $ 1,183 $ 1,183 $ 1,040 $ 2,223 Non-owner occupied — — — — 1,609 1,609 Land development — — — — 3,440 3,440 Construction 2,482 — 436 2,918 — 2,918 Multi-family — — — — — — 1-4 family — — 1,240 1,240 697 1,937 Commercial and industrial 3,345 168 6,740 10,253 2,210 12,463 Direct financing leases, net — — — — — — Consumer and other: Home equity and second mortgages — — — — — — Other 186 — 378 564 40 604 Total $ 6,013 $ 168 $ 9,977 $ 16,158 $ 9,036 $ 25,194 Total loans and leases Commercial real estate: Owner occupied $ — $ — $ 1,183 $ 1,183 $ 175,276 $ 176,459 Non-owner occupied — — — — 473,158 473,158 Land development — — — — 56,638 56,638 Construction 2,482 — 436 2,918 98,288 101,206 Multi-family — — — — 92,762 92,762 1-4 family 75 — 1,240 1,315 44,336 45,651 Commercial and industrial 3,400 636 6,740 10,776 439,522 450,298 Direct financing leases, net — — — — 30,951 30,951 Consumer and other: Home equity and second mortgages — — — — 8,412 8,412 Other 186 — 378 564 15,765 16,329 Total $ 6,143 $ 636 $ 9,977 $ 16,756 $ 1,435,108 $ 1,451,864 Percent of portfolio 0.42 % 0.04 % 0.69 % 1.15 % 98.85 % 100.00 % December 31, 2015 30-59 60-89 Greater Total Past Due Current Total (Dollars in Thousands) Accruing loans and leases Commercial real estate: Owner occupied $ — $ — $ — $ — $ 173,416 $ 173,416 Non-owner occupied — — — — 435,222 435,222 Land development — — — — 55,386 55,386 Construction — — — — 100,228 100,228 Multi-family — — — — 80,252 80,252 1-4 family 78 — — 78 47,676 47,754 Commercial and industrial — — — — 463,057 463,057 Direct financing leases, net — — — — 31,055 31,055 Consumer and other: Home equity and second mortgages — — — — 7,695 7,695 Other — — — — 15,664 15,664 Total $ 78 $ — $ — $ 78 $ 1,409,651 $ 1,409,729 Non-accruing loans and leases Commercial real estate: Owner occupied $ — $ 473 $ — $ 473 $ 2,433 $ 2,906 Non-owner occupied — — — — 1,679 1,679 Land development — — — — 4,393 4,393 Construction 397 — — 397 — 397 Multi-family — — — — 2 2 1-4 family 430 34 895 1,359 1,191 2,550 Commercial and industrial 2,077 — 564 2,641 6,495 9,136 Direct financing leases, net — — — — 38 38 Consumer and other: Home equity and second mortgages — — 250 250 292 542 Other — — 655 655 — 655 Total $ 2,904 $ 507 $ 2,364 $ 5,775 $ 16,523 $ 22,298 Total loans and leases Commercial real estate: Owner occupied $ — $ 473 $ — $ 473 $ 175,849 $ 176,322 Non-owner occupied — — — — 436,901 436,901 Land development — — — — 59,779 59,779 Construction 397 — — 397 100,228 100,625 Multi-family — — — — 80,254 80,254 1-4 family 508 34 895 1,437 48,867 50,304 Commercial and industrial 2,077 — 564 2,641 469,552 472,193 Direct financing leases, net — — — — 31,093 31,093 Consumer and other: Home equity and second mortgages — — 250 250 7,987 8,237 Other — — 655 655 15,664 16,319 Total $ 2,982 $ 507 $ 2,364 $ 5,853 $ 1,426,174 $ 1,432,027 Percent of portfolio 0.21 % 0.04 % 0.16 % 0.41 % 99.59 % 100.00 % The Corporation’s total impaired assets consisted of the following at December 31, 2016 and 2015 , respectively. December 31, December 31, (In Thousands) Non-accrual loans and leases Commercial real estate: Commercial real estate — owner occupied $ 2,223 $ 2,907 Commercial real estate — non-owner occupied 1,609 1,678 Land development 3,440 4,393 Construction 2,918 397 Multi-family — 2 1-4 family 1,937 2,550 Total non-accrual commercial real estate 12,127 11,927 Commercial and industrial 12,463 9,136 Direct financing leases, net — 38 Consumer and other: Home equity and second mortgages — 542 Other 604 655 Total non-accrual consumer and other loans 604 1,197 Total non-accrual loans and leases 25,194 22,298 Foreclosed properties, net 1,472 1,677 Total non-performing assets 26,666 23,975 Performing troubled debt restructurings 717 1,735 Total impaired assets $ 27,383 $ 25,710 December 31, December 31, Total non-accrual loans and leases to gross loans and leases 1.74 % 1.56 % Total non-performing assets to total gross loans and leases plus foreclosed properties, net 1.83 1.67 Total non-performing assets to total assets 1.50 1.35 Allowance for loan and lease losses to gross loans and leases 1.44 1.14 Allowance for loan and lease losses to non-accrual loans and leases 83.00 73.17 As of December 31, 2016 and 2015 , $12.8 million and $16.2 million of the non-accrual loans and leases were considered troubled debt restructurings, respectively. There were no unfunded commitments associated with troubled debt restructured loans and leases as of December 31, 2016 . The following table provides the number of loans modified in a troubled debt restructuring and the pre- and post-modification recorded investment by class of receivable as of December 31, 2016 and 2015 : As of December 31, 2016 As of December 31, 2015 Number of Loans Pre-Modification Recorded Investment Post-Modification Recorded Investment Number of Loans Pre-Modification Recorded Investment Post-Modification Recorded Investment (Dollars in Thousands) Commercial real estate: Commercial real estate — owner occupied 3 $ 1,065 $ 930 3 $ 1,209 $ 1,188 Commercial real estate — non-owner occupied 1 158 39 5 1,150 904 Land development 1 5,745 3,440 2 5,853 4,393 Construction 2 331 314 1 181 200 Multi-family — — — 1 184 2 1-4 family 11 1,391 1,393 15 2,035 1,869 Commercial and industrial 10 8,094 7,058 10 7,572 8,330 Consumer and other: Home equity and second mortgage 1 37 8 4 461 349 Other 1 2,076 378 1 2,076 655 Total 30 $ 18,897 $ 13,560 42 $ 20,721 $ 17,890 All loans and leases modified as a troubled debt restructuring are evaluated for impairment. The nature and extent of the impairment of restructured loans, including those which have experienced a default, is considered in the determination of an appropriate level of the allowance for loan and lease losses. As of December 31, 2016 and 2015 , the Corporation’s troubled debt restructurings grouped by type of concession were as follows: As of December 31, 2016 As of December 31, 2015 Number of Loans Post-Modification Recorded Investment Number of Loans Post-Modification Recorded Investment (Dollars in Thousands) Commercial real estate: Extension of term 1 $ 8 1 $ 24 Interest rate concession 1 52 1 55 Combination of extension of term and interest rate concession 16 6,056 25 8,477 Commercial and industrial: Combination of extension of term and interest rate concession 10 7,058 10 8,330 Consumer and other: Extension of term 1 378 1 655 Combination of extension of term and interest rate concession 1 8 4 349 Total 30 $ 13,560 42 $ 17,890 There were no loans and leases modified in a troubled debt restructuring during the previous 12 months which subsequently defaulted during the year ended December 31, 2016 . The following represents additional information regarding the Corporation’s impaired loans and leases, including performing troubled debt restructurings, by class: As of and for the Year Ended December 31, 2016 Recorded Investment Unpaid Principal Balance Impairment Reserve Average Recorded Investment (1) Foregone Interest Income Interest Income Recognized Net Foregone Interest Income (In Thousands) With no impairment reserve recorded: Commercial real estate: Owner occupied $ 1,788 $ 1,788 $ — $ 3,577 $ 328 $ 118 $ 210 Non-owner occupied 1,609 1,647 — 1,318 91 79 12 Land development 3,440 6,111 — 3,898 107 — 107 Construction 436 438 — 291 20 — 20 Multi-family — — — — 1 134 (133 ) 1-4 family 2,379 2,379 — 2,755 125 94 31 Commercial and industrial 3,769 3,769 — 918 143 62 81 Direct financing leases, net — — — 6 — — — Consumer and other: Home equity and second mortgages 8 8 — 307 16 127 (111 ) Other 604 1,270 — 529 71 — 71 Total $ 14,033 $ 17,410 $ — $ 13,599 $ 902 $ 614 $ 288 With impairment reserve recorded: Commercial real estate: Owner occupied $ 499 $ 499 $ 70 $ 111 $ 28 $ — $ 28 Non-owner occupied — — — — — — — Land development — — — — — — — Construction 2,482 2,482 1,790 834 45 — 45 Multi-family — — — — — — — 1-4 family 193 199 39 203 5 — 5 Commercial and industrial 8,704 8,704 3,700 8,239 637 — 637 Direct financing leases, net — — — — — — — Consumer and other: Home equity and second mortgages — — — — — — — Other — — — — — — — Total $ 11,878 $ 11,884 $ 5,599 $ 9,387 $ 715 $ — $ 715 Total: Commercial real estate: Owner occupied $ 2,287 $ 2,287 $ 70 $ 3,688 $ 356 $ 118 $ 238 Non-owner occupied 1,609 1,647 — 1,318 91 79 12 Land development 3,440 6,111 — 3,898 107 — 107 Construction 2,918 2,920 1,790 1,125 65 — 65 Multi-family — — — — 1 134 (133 ) 1-4 family 2,572 2,578 39 2,958 130 94 36 Commercial and industrial 12,473 12,473 3,700 9,157 780 62 718 Direct financing leases, net — — — 6 — — — Consumer and other: Home equity and second mortgages 8 8 — 307 16 127 (111 ) Other 604 1,270 — 529 71 — 71 Grand total $ 25,911 $ 29,294 $ 5,599 $ 22,986 $ 1,617 $ 614 $ 1,003 (1) Average recorded investment is calculated primarily using daily average balances. As of and for the Year Ended December 31, 2015 Recorded Investment Unpaid Principal Balance Impairment Reserve Average Recorded Investment (1) Foregone Interest Income Interest Income Recognized Net Foregone Interest Income (In Thousands) With no impairment reserve recorded: Commercial real estate: Owner occupied $ 2,164 $ 2,164 $ — $ 712 $ 53 $ 12 $ 41 Non-owner occupied 2,314 2,355 — 962 25 — 25 Land development 4,413 7,083 — 4,333 133 — 133 Construction 120 120 — — — 474 — — — — — Multi-family 2 369 — 10 27 — 27 1-4 family 2,423 2,486 — 1,604 82 4 78 Commercial and industrial 2,546 2,590 — 544 172 6 166 Direct financing leases, net 38 38 — 4 — — — Consumer and other: Home equity and second mortgages 500 500 — 390 23 63 (40 ) Other 655 1,321 — 688 82 — 82 Total $ 15,175 $ 19,026 $ — $ 9,721 $ 597 $ 85 $ 512 With impairment reserve recorded: Commercial real estate: Owner occupied $ 814 $ 814 $ 20 $ 215 $ 7 $ 2 $ 5 Non-owner occupied — — — — — — — Land development — — — — — — — — — — — Construction 397 397 — 48 — 34 — — — — — Multi-family — — — — — — — 1-4 family 945 950 173 605 34 — 34 Commercial and industrial 6,603 6,603 847 810 102 — 102 Direct financing leases, net — — — — — — — Consumer and other: Home equity and second mortgages 99 99 25 58 10 — 10 Other — — — — — — — Total $ 8,858 $ 8,863 $ 1,113 $ 1,722 $ 153 $ 2 $ 151 Total: Commercial real estate: Owner occupied $ 2,978 $ 2,978 $ 20 $ 927 $ 60 $ 14 $ 46 Non-owner occupied 2,314 2,355 — 962 25 — 25 Land development 4,413 7,083 — 4,333 133 — 133 Construction 517 517 48 508 — — — Multi-family 2 369 — 10 27 — 27 1-4 family 3,368 3,436 173 2,209 116 4 112 Commercial and industrial 9,149 9,193 847 1,354 274 6 268 Direct financing leases, net 38 38 — 4 — — — Consumer and other: Home equity and second mortgages 599 599 25 448 33 63 (30 ) Other 655 1,321 — 688 82 — 82 Grand total $ 24,033 $ 27,889 $ 1,113 $ 11,443 $ 750 $ 87 $ 663 (1) Average recorded investment is calculated primarily using daily average balances. As of and for the Year Ended December 31, 2014 Recorded Investment Unpaid Principal Balance Impairment Reserve Average Recorded Investment (1) Foregone Interest Income Interest Income Recognized Net Foregone Interest Income (In Thousands) With no impairment reserve recorded: Commercial real estate: Owner occupied $ 577 $ 577 $ — $ 484 $ 30 $ 79 $ (49 ) Non-owner occupied 921 921 — 349 22 — 22 Land development 4,962 7,633 — 5,253 155 — 155 Construction 195 195 — 32 — — — Multi-family 17 384 — 24 53 — 53 1-4 family 1,181 1,218 — 380 15 12 3 Commercial and industrial 2,316 2,926 — 6,141 463 649 (186 ) Direct financing leases, net — — — — — — — Consumer and other: Home equity and second mortgages 380 380 — 495 18 — 18 Other 721 1,389 — 768 87 — 87 Total $ 11,270 $ 15,623 $ — $ 13,926 $ 843 $ 740 $ 103 With impairment reserve recorded: Commercial real estate: Owner occupied $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — Non-owner occupied 49 89 49 52 4 — 4 Land development — — — — — — — Construction — — — — — — — Multi-family — — — — — — — 1-4 family 390 390 155 405 18 — 18 Commercial and industrial 33 33 33 34 — — — Direct financing leases, net — — — — — — — Consumer and other: Home equity and second mortgages 53 53 53 57 5 — 5 Other — — — — — — — Total $ 525 $ 565 $ 290 $ 548 $ 27 $ — $ 27 Total: Commercial real estate: Owner occupied $ 577 $ 577 $ — $ 484 $ 30 $ 79 $ (49 ) Non-owner occupied 970 1,010 49 401 26 — 26 Land development 4,962 7,633 — 5,253 155 — 155 Construction 195 195 — 32 — — — Multi-family 17 384 — 24 53 — 53 1-4 family 1,571 1,608 155 785 33 12 21 Commercial and industrial 2,349 2,959 33 6,175 463 649 (186 ) Direct financing leases, net — — — — — — — Consumer and other: Home equity and second mortgages 433 433 53 552 23 — 23 Other 721 1,389 — 768 87 — 87 Grand total $ 11,795 $ 16,188 $ 290 $ 14,474 $ 870 $ 740 $ 130 (1) Average recorded investment is calculated primarily using daily average balances. The difference between the loans and leases recorded investment and the unpaid principal balance of $3.4 million , $3.9 million and $4.4 million as of December 31, 2016 , 2015 and 2014 , respectively, represents partial charge-offs resulting from losses due to the appraised value of the collateral securing the loans and leases being below the carrying values of the loans and leases. Impaired loans and leases also included $717,000 , $1.7 million and $2.0 million of loans as of December 31, 2016 , 2015 and 2014 , respectively, that were performing troubled debt restructurings, and thus, although not on non-accrual, were reported as impaired due to the concession in terms. When a loan is placed on non-accrual, interest accrual is discontinued and previously accrued but uncollected interest is deducted from interest income. Cash payments collected on non-accrual loans are first applied to such loan’s principal. Foregone interest represents the interest that was contractually due on the loan but not received or recorded. To the extent the amount of principal on a non-accrual loan is fully collected and additional cash is received, the Corporation will recognize interest income. To determine the level and composition of the allowance for loan and lease losses, the Corporation categorizes the portfolio into segments with similar risk characteristics. First, the Corporation evaluates loans and leases for potential impairment classification. The Corporation analyzes each loan and lease determined to be impaired on an individual basis to determine a specific reserve based upon the estimated value of the underlying collateral for collateral-dependent loans, or alternatively, the present value of expected cash flows. The Corporation applies historical trends from established risk factors to each category of loans and leases that has not been individually evaluated for the purpose of establishing the general portion of the allowance. A summary of the activity in the allowance for loan and lease losses by portfolio segment is as follows: As of and for the Year Ended December 31, 2016 Commercial Real Estate Commercial and Industrial Consumer and Other Total (Dollars in Thousands) Allowance for loan and lease losses: Beginning balance $ 11,220 $ 4,387 $ 709 $ 16,316 Charge-offs (1,194 ) (2,273 ) (127 ) (3,594 ) Recoveries 274 91 7 372 Provision 2,084 5,765 (31 ) 7,818 Ending balance $ 12,384 $ 7,970 $ 558 $ 20,912 Ending balance: individually evaluated for impairment $ 1,899 $ 3,700 $ — $ 5,599 Ending balance: collectively evaluated for impairment $ 10,485 $ 4,270 $ 558 $ 15,313 Ending balance: loans acquired with deteriorated credit quality $ — $ — $ — $ — Loans and lease receivables: Ending balance, gross $ 945,874 $ 481,249 $ 24,741 $ 1,451,864 Ending balance: individually evaluated for impairment $ 11,222 $ 12,452 $ 612 $ 24,286 Ending balance: collectively evaluated for impairment $ 933,048 $ 468,776 $ 24,129 $ 1,425,953 Ending balance: loans acquired with deteriorated credit quality $ 1,604 $ 21 $ — $ 1,625 Allowance as percent of gross loans and leases 1.31 % 1.66 % 2.26 % 1.44 % As of and for the Year Ended December 31, 2015 Commercial Real Estate Commercial and Industrial Consumer and Other Total (Dollars in Thousands) Allowance for loan and lease losses: Beginning balance $ 8,619 $ 5,492 $ 218 $ 14,329 Charge-offs (793 ) (711 ) (9 ) (1,513 ) Recoveries 104 6 4 114 Provision 3,290 (400 ) 496 3,386 Ending balance $ 11,220 $ 4,387 $ 709 $ 16,316 Ending balance: individually evaluated for impairment $ 240 $ 847 $ 26 $ 1,113 Ending balance: collectively evaluated for impairment $ 10,980 $ 3,540 $ 683 $ 15,203 Ending balance: loans acquired with deteriorated credit quality $ — $ — $ — $ — Loans and lease receivables: Ending balance, gross $ 904,185 $ 503,286 $ 24,556 $ 1,432,027 Ending balance: individually evaluated for impairment $ 10,84 |