Section 2.8. Voting. Each stockholder entitled to vote at any meeting may vote either in person or by proxy, but no proxy shall be voted on or after three (3) years from its date, unless said proxy provides for a longer period. Except as otherwise provided by the Certificate of Incorporation, each holder of Class A common stock, par value $0.01 per share (the “Class A Common Stock”) entitled to vote shall at every meeting of the stockholders be entitled to one (1) vote for each share of stock registered in his, her or its name on the record of stockholders. When a quorum is present, and except as otherwise expressly required by law, the Certificate of Incorporation or these Amended and Restated Bylaws, each matter shall be determined by the affirmative vote of a majority of the votes cast on the matter by all shares present in person or by proxy.
Section 2.9. Record Date of Stockholders. The Board of Directors is authorized to fix in advance a date not exceeding sixty (60) days nor less than ten (10) days preceding the date of any meeting of stockholders, or the date for the payment of any dividend, or the date for the allotment of rights, or the date when any change or conversion or exchange of capital stock shall go into effect, or a date in connection with obtaining the consent of stockholders for any purposes, as a record date for the determination of the stockholders entitled to notice of, and to vote at, any such meeting, and any adjournment thereof, or entitled to receive payment of any such dividend, or to any such allotment of rights, or to exercise the rights in respect of any such change, conversion or exchange of capital stock, or to give such consent, and, in such case, such stockholders and only such stockholders as shall be stockholders of record on the date so fixed shall be entitled to such notice of, and to vote at, such meeting, and any adjournment thereof, or to receive payment of such dividend, or to receive such allotment of rights, or to exercise such rights, or to give such consent, as the case may be, notwithstanding any transfer of any stock on the books of the Corporation, after such record date fixed as aforesaid.
Section 2.10. Action Without Meeting. No action shall be taken by the stockholders except at a annual or special meeting of stockholders duly called in accordance with these Amended and Restated Bylaws, and no action shall be taken by the stockholders by written consent or by electronic transmission.
Section 2.11. Remote Meetings. If authorized by the Board of Directors in its sole discretion, and subject to such guidelines and procedures as the Board of Directors may adopt, stockholders and proxyholders not physically present at a meeting of stockholders may, by means of remote communication:
(a) participate in a meeting of stockholders; and
(b) be deemed present in person and vote at a meeting of stockholders whether such meeting is to be held at a designated place or solely by means of remote communication; provided, that (i) the Corporation shall implement reasonable measures to verify that each person deemed present and permitted to vote at the meeting by means of remote communication is a stockholder or proxyholder, (ii) the Corporation shall implement reasonable measures to provide such stockholders and proxyholders a reasonable opportunity to participate in the meeting and to vote on matters submitted to the stockholders, including an opportunity to read or hear the proceedings of the meeting substantially concurrently with such proceedings, and (iii) if any stockholder or proxyholder votes or takes other action at the meeting by means of remote communication, a record of such vote or other action shall be maintained by the Corporation.
In the case of any annual meeting of stockholders or any special meeting of stockholders called upon order of the Board of Directors, the Board of Directors may, in its sole discretion, determine that the meeting shall not be held at any place, but may instead be held solely by means of remote communications as authorized by this Section 2.11.
Section 2.12. Conduct of Meetings. The Chairman of the Board of Directors, or if there be none, or in the Chairman’s absence, the Lead Independent Director, or if there be none, or in the Lead Independent Director’s absence, the Chief Executive Officer, or in the Chief Executive Officer’s absence, the President or any other person designated by the Board of Directors, shall preside at all annual or special meetings of stockholders. The chairman of the meeting shall preside over and conduct the meeting in a fair and reasonable manner, and all questions of procedure or conduct of the meeting shall be decided solely by the chairman of the meeting. The chairman of the meeting shall have all power and authority vested in a presiding officer by law or practice to conduct an orderly meeting. Among other things, the chairman of the meeting shall have the power to: (a) adjourn or recess the meeting; (b) to silence or expel persons to ensure the orderly conduct of the meeting; (c) to declare motions or persons out of order; (d) to prescribe rules of conduct and an agenda for the meeting; (e) to impose reasonable time limits on questions and remarks by any stockholder; (f) to limit the number of questions a stockholder may ask; (g) to limit the nature of questions and comments to one subject matter at a time as dictated by any agenda for the meeting; (h) to limit the number of speakers or persons addressing the chairman of the meeting or the meeting; to determine when the polls will close; (i) to limit the attendance at the meeting to stockholders of record, beneficial owners of stock who present letters from the record holders confirming their status as beneficial owners and the proxies of such record and beneficial holders; (j) and to limit the number of proxies a stockholder may name. The Secretary, or in the absence of the Secretary, an assistant Secretary shall act as the secretary of the meeting, but in the absence of the Secretary and any assistant Secretary, the chairman of the meeting may appoint any person to act as the secretary of the meeting.
-3-