Document_and_Entity_Informatio
Document and Entity Information (USD $) | 12 Months Ended | ||
Dec. 31, 2014 | Jun. 30, 2014 | Feb. 06, 2015 | |
Document And Entity Information [Line Items] | |||
Document Type | 10-K | ||
Amendment Flag | FALSE | ||
Document Period End Date | 31-Dec-14 | ||
Document Fiscal Year Focus | 2014 | ||
Document Fiscal Period Focus | FY | ||
Entity Registrant Name | TripAdvisor, Inc. | ||
Trading Symbol | TRIP | ||
Entity Central Index Key | 1526520 | ||
Current Fiscal Year End Date | -19 | ||
Entity Well-known Seasoned Issuer | Yes | ||
Entity Current Reporting Status | Yes | ||
Entity Voluntary Filers | No | ||
Entity Filer Category | Large Accelerated Filer | ||
Entity Public Float | $12,115,385,937 | ||
Common Stock, Unclassified | |||
Document And Entity Information [Line Items] | |||
Entity Common Stock, Shares Outstanding | 130,126,683 | ||
Class B Common Stock | |||
Document And Entity Information [Line Items] | |||
Entity Common Stock, Shares Outstanding | 12,799,999 |
Consolidated_Statements_of_Ope
Consolidated Statements of Operations (USD $) | 12 Months Ended | |||||
In Millions, except Share data in Thousands, unless otherwise specified | Dec. 31, 2014 | Dec. 31, 2013 | Dec. 31, 2012 | |||
Income Statement [Abstract] | ||||||
Revenue (Note 2) | $1,246 | $945 | $763 | |||
Costs and expenses: | ||||||
Cost of revenue | 40 | [1] | 18 | [1] | 12 | [1] |
Selling and marketing | 502 | [2] | 368 | [2] | 266 | [2] |
Technology and content | 171 | [2] | 131 | [2] | 87 | [2] |
General and administrative | 128 | [2] | 98 | [2] | 76 | [2] |
Depreciation | 47 | [3] | 30 | [3] | 20 | [3] |
Amortization of intangible assets | 18 | 6 | 6 | |||
Total costs and expenses: | 906 | 651 | 467 | |||
Operating income | 340 | 294 | 296 | |||
Other income (expense): | ||||||
Interest expense | -9 | -10 | -11 | |||
Interest income and other, net | -9 | -3 | ||||
Total other expense, net | -18 | -10 | -14 | |||
Income before income taxes | 322 | 284 | 282 | |||
Provision for income taxes | -96 | -79 | -87 | |||
Net income | 226 | 205 | 195 | |||
Net (income) loss attributable to noncontrolling interest | 1 | |||||
Net income attributable to TripAdvisor, Inc. | $226 | $205 | $194 | |||
Earnings per share attributable to TripAdvisor, Inc. available to common stockholders (Note 2): | ||||||
Basic | $1.58 | $1.44 | $1.39 | |||
Diluted | $1.55 | $1.41 | $1.37 | |||
Weighted average common shares outstanding (Note 2): | ||||||
Basic | 142,721 | 142,854 | 139,462 | |||
Diluted | 145,800 | 145,263 | 141,341 | |||
[1] | Excludes amortization as follows: | |||||
[2] | Includes stock-based compensation expense as follows: | |||||
[3] | Includes amortization of internal use software and website development costs. |
Consolidated_Statements_of_Ope1
Consolidated Statements of Operations (Parenthetical) (USD $) | 12 Months Ended | |||||
In Millions, unless otherwise specified | Dec. 31, 2014 | Dec. 31, 2013 | Dec. 31, 2012 | |||
Costs and expenses: | ||||||
Amortization of intangible assets | $18 | $6 | $6 | |||
Depreciation | 47 | [1] | 30 | [1] | 20 | [1] |
Amortization adjustment | 34 | 21 | 14 | |||
Stock-based compensation: | ||||||
Stock-based compensation | 63 | 49 | 30 | |||
Acquired technology | ||||||
Costs and expenses: | ||||||
Amortization of intangible assets | 4 | 1 | 1 | |||
Website development costs | ||||||
Costs and expenses: | ||||||
Depreciation | 30 | 20 | 13 | |||
Selling and Marketing | ||||||
Stock-based compensation: | ||||||
Stock-based compensation | 13 | 11 | 5 | |||
Technology and Content | ||||||
Stock-based compensation: | ||||||
Stock-based compensation | 27 | 21 | 11 | |||
General and Administrative | ||||||
Stock-based compensation: | ||||||
Stock-based compensation | $23 | $17 | $14 | |||
[1] | Includes amortization of internal use software and website development costs. |
Consolidated_Statements_of_Com
Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income (USD $) | 12 Months Ended | |||||
In Millions, unless otherwise specified | Dec. 31, 2014 | Dec. 31, 2013 | Dec. 31, 2012 | |||
Statement Of Income And Comprehensive Income [Abstract] | ||||||
Net income | $226 | $205 | $195 | |||
Other comprehensive income (loss): | ||||||
Foreign currency translation adjustments | -31 | [1] | 1 | [1] | 2 | [1] |
Total other comprehensive (loss) income | -31 | 1 | 2 | |||
Comprehensive income | 195 | 206 | 197 | |||
Less: comprehensive income attributable to noncontrolling interest | -1 | |||||
Comprehensive income attributable to TripAdvisor, Inc. | $195 | $206 | $196 | |||
[1] | Foreign currency translation adjustments exclude income taxes due to our practice and intention to indefinitely reinvest the earnings of our foreign subsidiaries in those operations. See “Note 14 — Stockholders’ Equityâ€. |
Consolidated_Balance_Sheets
Consolidated Balance Sheets (USD $) | Dec. 31, 2014 | Dec. 31, 2013 |
In Millions, unless otherwise specified | ||
Current assets: | ||
Cash and cash equivalents (Note 5) | $455 | $351 |
Short-term marketable securities (Note 5) | 108 | 131 |
Accounts receivable, net of allowance for doubtful accounts of $7 and $3 at December 31, 2014 and December 31, 2013, respectively (Note 2) | 151 | 113 |
Prepaid expenses and other current assets | 33 | 35 |
Total current assets | 747 | 630 |
Long-term assets: | ||
Long-term marketable securities (Note 5) | 31 | 188 |
Property and equipment, net (Note 6) | 195 | 82 |
Other long-term assets | 38 | 19 |
Intangible assets, net (Note 7) | 214 | 52 |
Goodwill (Note 7) | 734 | 502 |
TOTAL ASSETS | 1,959 | 1,473 |
Current liabilities: | ||
Accounts payable | 19 | 10 |
Deferred merchant payables (Note 2) | 93 | 30 |
Deferred revenue | 57 | 44 |
Credit facility borrowings (Note 8) | 38 | 28 |
Borrowings, current (Note 8) | 40 | 40 |
Taxes payable (Note 9) | 20 | 5 |
Accrued expenses and other current liabilities (Note 10) | 114 | 86 |
Total current liabilities | 381 | 243 |
Deferred income taxes, net (Note 9) | 39 | 13 |
Other long-term liabilities (Note 11) | 154 | 52 |
Borrowings, net of current portion (Note 8) | 260 | 300 |
Total Liabilities | 834 | 608 |
Commitments and contingencies (Note 12) | ||
Stockholders’ equity: (Note 14) | ||
Preferred stock, $0.001 par value Authorized shares: 100,000,000 Shares issued and outstanding: 0 and 0 | ||
Additional paid-in capital | 673 | 608 |
Retained earnings | 628 | 402 |
Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) | -31 | |
Treasury stock-common stock, at cost, 2,194,173 and 2,120,709 shares | -145 | -145 |
Total Stockholders’ Equity | 1,125 | 865 |
TOTAL LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY | $1,959 | $1,473 |
Consolidated_Balance_Sheets_Pa
Consolidated Balance Sheets (Parenthetical) (USD $) | Dec. 31, 2014 | Dec. 31, 2013 |
In Millions, except Share data, unless otherwise specified | ||
Allowance for doubtful accounts | $7 | $3 |
Preferred stock, par value | $0.00 | $0.00 |
Preferred stock, shares authorized | 100,000,000 | 100,000,000 |
Preferred stock, shares issued | 0 | 0 |
Preferred stock, shares outstanding | 0 | 0 |
Common stock, par value | $0.00 | $0.00 |
Common stock, shares authorized | 1,600,000,000 | 1,600,000,000 |
Common stock, shares issued | 132,315,465 | 131,537,798 |
Common stock, shares outstanding | 130,121,292 | 129,417,089 |
Treasury stock, shares | 2,194,173 | 2,120,709 |
Class B Common Stock | ||
Common stock, par value | $0.00 | $0.00 |
Common stock, shares authorized | 400,000,000 | 400,000,000 |
Common stock, shares issued | 12,799,999 | 12,799,999 |
Common stock, shares outstanding | 12,799,999 | 12,799,999 |
Consolidated_Statements_of_Cha
Consolidated Statements of Changes in Stockholders' Equity (USD $) | Total | Class B Common Stock | Common Stock | Additional Paid-in Capital | Retained Earnings | Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) | Treasury Stock | |
In Millions, except Share data | USD ($) | USD ($) | USD ($) | USD ($) | USD ($) | |||
Beginning balance at Dec. 31, 2011 | $294 | $294 | $3 | ($3) | ||||
Beginning balance, shares at Dec. 31, 2011 | 12,799,999 | 120,661,808 | ||||||
Net income attributable to TripAdvisor, Inc. | 194 | 194 | ||||||
Foreign currency translation adjustments | 2 | [1] | 2 | |||||
Issuance of common stock related to exercise of options, warrants and vesting of RSUs | 231 | 231 | ||||||
Issuance of common stock related to exercise of options, warrants and vesting of RSUs, shares | 9,398,330 | |||||||
Tax benefits on equity awards, net | 4 | 4 | ||||||
Minimum withholding taxes on net share settlements of equity awards | -7 | -7 | ||||||
Adjustment to the fair value of redeemable noncontrolling interest | -15 | -15 | ||||||
Reclassification of non-employee equity awards to liability | -2 | -2 | ||||||
Stock-based compensation | 26 | 26 | ||||||
Ending balance at Dec. 31, 2012 | 727 | 531 | 197 | -1 | ||||
Ending balance, shares at Dec. 31, 2012 | 12,799,999 | 130,060,138 | ||||||
Net income attributable to TripAdvisor, Inc. | 205 | 205 | ||||||
Foreign currency translation adjustments | 1 | [1] | 1 | |||||
Issuance of common stock related to exercise of options, warrants and vesting of RSUs | 27 | 27 | ||||||
Issuance of common stock related to exercise of options, warrants and vesting of RSUs, shares | 1,477,660 | |||||||
Repurchase of common stock | -145 | -145 | ||||||
Repurchase of common stock, shares | -2,120,709 | |||||||
Tax benefits on equity awards, net | 12 | 12 | ||||||
Minimum withholding taxes on net share settlements of equity awards | -14 | -14 | ||||||
Stock-based compensation | 52 | 52 | ||||||
Ending balance at Dec. 31, 2013 | 865 | 608 | 402 | -145 | ||||
Ending balance, shares at Dec. 31, 2013 | 12,799,999 | 131,537,798 | -2,120,709 | |||||
Net income attributable to TripAdvisor, Inc. | 226 | 226 | ||||||
Foreign currency translation adjustments | -31 | [1] | -31 | |||||
Issuance of common stock related to exercise of options, warrants and vesting of RSUs | 3 | 3 | ||||||
Issuance of common stock related to exercise of options, warrants and vesting of RSUs, shares | 1,202,000 | [2] | 777,667 | |||||
Repurchase of common stock | -145 | |||||||
Repurchase of common stock, shares | 2,120,709 | |||||||
Tax benefits on equity awards, net | 20 | 20 | ||||||
Minimum withholding taxes on net share settlements of equity awards | -33 | -33 | ||||||
Fair value of stock options assumed in connection with acquisition | 5 | 5 | ||||||
Stock-based compensation | 70 | 70 | ||||||
Other, shares | -73,464 | |||||||
Ending balance at Dec. 31, 2014 | $1,125 | $673 | $628 | ($31) | ($145) | |||
Ending balance, shares at Dec. 31, 2014 | 12,799,999 | 132,315,465 | -2,194,173 | |||||
[1] | Foreign currency translation adjustments exclude income taxes due to our practice and intention to indefinitely reinvest the earnings of our foreign subsidiaries in those operations. See “Note 14 — Stockholders’ Equityâ€. | |||||||
[2] | Inclusive of 628,010 options, which were not converted into shares due to net share settlement in order to cover the aggregate exercise price and the minimum amount of required employee withholding taxes. Potential shares which had been convertible under stock options that were withheld under net share settlement remain in the authorized but unissued pool under the 2011 Incentive Plan and can be reissued by the Company. We began net-share settling the majority of our stock option exercises during the third quarter of 2013. Total payments for the employees’ tax obligations to the taxing authorities due to net share settlements are reflected as a financing activity within the consolidated statements of cash flows. |
Consolidated_Statements_of_Cas
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows (USD $) | 12 Months Ended | |||||
In Millions, unless otherwise specified | Dec. 31, 2014 | Dec. 31, 2013 | Dec. 31, 2012 | |||
Operating activities: | ||||||
Net income | $226 | $205 | $195 | |||
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities: | ||||||
Depreciation of property and equipment, including amortization of internal-use software and website development | 47 | [1] | 30 | [1] | 20 | [1] |
Stock-based compensation expense | 63 | 49 | 30 | |||
Amortization of intangible assets | 18 | 6 | 6 | |||
Amortization of deferred financing costs | 1 | 1 | 1 | |||
Amortization of discounts and premiums on marketable securities, net | 3 | 5 | 1 | |||
Deferred tax (benefit) expense | -17 | 5 | -5 | |||
Excess tax benefits from stock-based compensation | -20 | -12 | -3 | |||
Provision (recovery) for doubtful accounts | 3 | 1 | -1 | |||
Other, net | 11 | 1 | 1 | |||
Changes in operating assets and liabilities, net of effects from acquisitions: | ||||||
Accounts receivable, prepaid expenses and other assets (Note 2) | -26 | -12 | -32 | |||
Accounts payable, accrued expenses and other liabilities | 18 | 17 | 32 | |||
Deferred merchant payables | -9 | 17 | -1 | |||
Income taxes, net | 60 | 27 | -17 | |||
Deferred revenue | 9 | 9 | 12 | |||
Net cash provided by operating activities | 387 | 349 | 239 | |||
Investing activities: | ||||||
Acquisitions, net of cash acquired | -331 | -35 | -3 | |||
Capital expenditures, including internal-use software and website development | -81 | -55 | -29 | |||
Purchases of marketable securities | -251 | -432 | -219 | |||
Sales of marketable securities | 336 | 175 | ||||
Maturities of marketable securities | 93 | 151 | ||||
Distributions proceeds from Expedia related to Spin-Off | 7 | |||||
Net cash used in investing activities | -234 | -196 | -244 | |||
Financing activities: | ||||||
Repurchase of common stock | -145 | |||||
Proceeds from credit facilities | 13 | 10 | 15 | |||
Payments to credit facilities | -3 | -15 | -10 | |||
Principal payments on long-term debt | -40 | -40 | -20 | |||
Proceeds from exercise of stock options and warrants | 3 | 24 | 231 | |||
Payment of minimum withholding taxes on net share settlements of equity awards | -33 | -14 | -7 | |||
Excess tax benefits from stock-based compensation | 20 | 12 | 3 | |||
Payments to purchase subsidiary shares from noncontrolling interest | -22 | |||||
Payments on construction in-process related to build to suit lease obligation | -1 | -2 | ||||
Net cash (used in) provided by financing activities | -41 | -170 | 190 | |||
Effect of exchange rate changes on cash and cash equivalents | -8 | 1 | -1 | |||
Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents | 104 | -16 | 184 | |||
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period | 351 | 367 | 183 | |||
Cash and cash equivalents at end of period | 455 | 351 | 367 | |||
Supplemental disclosure of cash flow information | ||||||
Cash paid during the period for income taxes, net of refunds | 54 | 50 | 108 | |||
Cash paid during the period for interest | 7 | 8 | 10 | |||
Supplemental disclosure of non-cash investing and financing activities: | ||||||
Capitalization of construction in-process related to build to suit lease obligation | 52 | 8 | ||||
Capital expenditures incurred but not yet paid primarily related to build to suit lease | 10 | |||||
Non-cash fair value increase for redeemable noncontrolling interests | $15 | |||||
[1] | Includes amortization of internal use software and website development costs. |
Organization_and_Business_Desc
Organization and Business Description | 12 Months Ended |
Dec. 31, 2014 | |
Accounting Policies [Abstract] | |
Organization and Business Description | NOTE 1: ORGANIZATION AND BUSINESS DESCRIPTION |
We refer to TripAdvisor, Inc. and our wholly-owned subsidiaries as “TripAdvisor,” “the Company,” “us,” “we” and “our” in these notes to the consolidated financial statements. | |
During 2011, Expedia announced its plan to separate into two independent public companies in order to better achieve certain strategic objectives of its various businesses. On December 20, 2011 Expedia completed the spin-off of TripAdvisor into a separate publicly traded Delaware corporation. We refer to this transaction as the “Spin-Off.” TripAdvisor’s common stock began trading on the NASDAQ as an independent public company on December 21, 2011 under the trading symbol “TRIP.” | |
On December 11, 2012, Liberty Interactive Corporation, or Liberty, purchased an aggregate of 4,799,848 shares of common stock of TripAdvisor from Barry Diller, our former Chairman of the Board of Directors and Senior Executive, and certain of his affiliates (the “Stock Purchase”). As a result, Liberty beneficially owned 18,159,752 shares of our common stock and 12,799,999 shares of our Class B common stock. | |
On August 27, 2014, the entire beneficial ownership of our common stock and Class B common stock held by Liberty was indirectly acquired by Liberty TripAdvisor Holdings, Inc. (“LTRIP”) by means of a spin-off (the “Liberty Spin-Off”). In the Liberty Spin-Off, Liberty, LTRIP’s former parent company, distributed, by means of a dividend, to the holders of its Liberty Ventures common stock, Liberty’s entire equity interest in LTRIP. As a result of the Liberty Spin-Off, LTRIP became a separate, publicly traded company and 100% of Liberty’s interest in TripAdvisor is now held by LTRIP. | |
As December 31, 2014, LTRIP beneficially owned 18,159,752 shares of our common stock and 12,799,999 shares of our Class B common stock, which shares constitute 14.0% of the outstanding shares of Common Stock and 100% of the outstanding shares of Class B Common Stock. Assuming the conversion of all of LTRIP’s shares of Class B common stock into common stock, LTRIP would beneficially own 21.7% of the outstanding common stock (calculated in accordance with Rule 13d-3). Because each share of Class B common stock generally is entitled to ten votes per share and each share of common stock is entitled to one vote per share, LTRIP may be deemed to beneficially own equity securities representing approximately 56.6% of our voting power. | |
Description of Business | |
TripAdvisor is an online travel company, empowering users to plan and book the perfect trip. TripAdvisor’s travel research platform aggregates reviews and opinions of members about accommodations, destinations, activities and attractions, and restaurants, throughout the world so that our users have access to trusted advice wherever their trip takes them. Our platform not only helps users plan their trip with our unique user-generated content, but also enables users to compare real-time pricing and availability so that they can book hotels, vacation rentals, flights, activities and attractions, and restaurants. | |
Our flagship brand is TripAdvisor. TripAdvisor-branded websites include tripadvisor.com in the United States and localized versions of the website in 45 countries including in China under the brand daodao.com. In addition to the flagship TripAdvisor brand, we manage and operate 24 other media brands, connected by the common goal of providing comprehensive travel planning resources across the travel sector, which include; www.airfarewatchdog.com, www.bookingbuddy.com, www.cruisecritic.com, www.everytrail.com, www.familyvacationcritic.com, www.flipkey.com, www.gateguru.com, www.holidaylettings.co.uk, www.holidaywatchdog.com, www.independenttraveler.com, www.jetsetter.com, www.thefork.com (including www.lafourchette.com, www.eltenedor.com and www.iens.nl), www.niumba.com, www.onetime.com, www.oyster.com, www.seatguru.com, www.smartertravel.com, www.tingo.com, www.travelpod.com, www.tripbod.com, www.vacationhomerentals.com, www.viator.com, www.virtualtourist.com, and www.kuxun.cn. For further description of our other travel brands see Item 1, Business. | |
We derive substantially all of our revenue through the sale of advertising, primarily through click-based advertising and, to a lesser extent, display-based advertising. In addition, we earn revenue from a combination of subscription-based and transaction-based offerings, including: Business Listings; subscription and commission-based offerings from our Vacation Rentals products; transaction revenue from selling room nights through our Jetsetter and Tingo brands; selling destination activities from Viator; fulfilling online restaurant reservations through Lafourchette; as well as other revenue including content licensing. | |
We have two reportable segments: Hotel and Other. Our Other segment consists of the aggregation of three operating segments, which include our Vacation Rentals, Restaurants and Attractions businesses. Our operating segments are determined based on how our chief operating decision maker manages our business, regularly assesses information and evaluates performance for operating decision-making purposes, including allocation of resources. For further information on our reportable segments see “Note 16 — Segment and Geographic Information,” in the notes to our consolidated financial statements. | |
Seasonality | |
Expenditures by travel advertisers tend to be seasonal. Traditionally, our strongest quarter has been the third quarter, which is a key travel research period, with the weakest quarter being the fourth quarter. However, adverse economic conditions or continued growth of our international operations with differing holiday peaks may influence the typical trend of our seasonality in the future. | |
Significant_Accounting_Policie
Significant Accounting Policies | 12 Months Ended | ||||||||||||
Dec. 31, 2014 | |||||||||||||
Accounting Policies [Abstract] | |||||||||||||
Significant Accounting Policies | NOTE 2: SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES | ||||||||||||
Basis of Presentation | |||||||||||||
The accompanying consolidated financial statements include TripAdvisor, our wholly-owned subsidiaries, and entities we control, or in which we have a variable interest and are the primary beneficiary of expected cash profits or losses. We record noncontrolling interest in our consolidated financial statements to recognize the minority ownership interest in our consolidated subsidiaries. Noncontrolling interest in the earnings and losses of consolidated subsidiaries represent the share of net income or loss allocated to members or partners in our consolidated entities. We have eliminated significant intercompany transactions and accounts. The accompanying consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles in the United States (“GAAP”). | |||||||||||||
Certain of our subsidiaries that operate in China, have variable interests in affiliated entities in China in order to comply with Chinese laws and regulations, which restrict foreign investment in Internet content provision businesses. Although we do not own the capital stock of some of our Chinese affiliates, we consolidate their results as we are the primary beneficiary of the cash losses or profits of these variable interest affiliates and have the power to direct the activities of these affiliates. Our variable interest entities are not material for all periods presented. | |||||||||||||
Accounting Estimates | |||||||||||||
We use estimates and assumptions in the preparation of our consolidated financial statements in accordance with GAAP. Our estimates and assumptions affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities as of the date of our consolidated financial statements. These estimates and assumptions also affect the reported amount of net income or loss during any period. Our actual financial results could differ significantly from these estimates. The significant estimates underlying our consolidated financial statements include; (i) recoverability of intangible assets and goodwill; (ii) recoverability and useful life of long-lived assets; (iii) accounting for income taxes; (iv) purchase accounting for business combinations and (v) stock-based compensation. | |||||||||||||
Reclassifications | |||||||||||||
As previously disclosed, we no longer consider Expedia a related party. Certain reclassifications have been made to conform the prior period to the current presentation relating to Expedia transactions, which includes the reclassification of revenue from Expedia on our statements of operations for the years ended December 31, 2013 and 2012 of $217 million and $204 million, respectively, to revenue, the reclassification of receivables at December 31, 2013 of $16 million, from Expedia, net on our consolidated balance sheets to accounts receivable, as well as operating cash flow reclassifications related to Expedia for the years ended December 31, 2013 and 2012 of cash provided of $8 million and cash used of $17 million, respectively, to operating cash flows for accounts receivable on our consolidated statements of cash flows those years. These reclassifications had no net effect on our consolidated financial statements. | |||||||||||||
In addition, as discussed above, we revised our reportable segment structure during the fourth quarter of 2014. Consequently all prior periods have been reclassified to conform to the current reporting structure, which is reflected in all required segment disclosures made in this Form 10-K. These reclassifications had no effect on our consolidated financial statements. | |||||||||||||
All other reclassifications, made to conform the prior period to the current presentation, were not material and had no net effect on our consolidated financial statements. | |||||||||||||
Revenue Recognition | |||||||||||||
We recognize revenue from our services rendered when the following four revenue recognition criteria are met: persuasive evidence of an arrangement exists, services have been rendered, the price is fixed or determinable, and collectability is reasonably assured. Deferred revenue, which primarily relates to our subscription-based and commission based arrangements, is recorded when payments are received in advance of our performance as required by the underlying agreements. | |||||||||||||
Click-based Advertising. Revenue is derived primarily from click-through fees charged to our travel partners for traveler leads sent to the travel partners’ website. We record revenue from click-through fees after the traveler makes the click-through to the travel partners’ websites. | |||||||||||||
Instant booking commission revenue is recorded at the time a traveler books a hotel transaction on our site where we do not assume cancellation risk. In transactions in which we assume cancellation risk, we record revenue when we receive cash from our travel partners, given the current uncertainty of the traveler’s stay. We have no post-booking service obligations for Instant Booking transactions. | |||||||||||||
Display-based Advertising. We recognize display advertising revenue ratably over the advertising period or upon delivery of advertising impressions, depending on the terms of the advertising contract. Subscription-based revenue is recognized ratably over the related contractual period over which service is delivered. | |||||||||||||
Attractions. We receive cash from the consumer at the time of booking of the destination activity and record these amounts, net of commissions, as deferred merchant payables on our consolidated balance sheet. Commission revenue is recorded as deferred revenue at the time of booking and later recognized when the consumer has completed the destination activity or as the consumer’s refund privileges lapse. We pay the destination activity operators after the travelers’ use. | |||||||||||||
Restaurants. We recognize reservation revenues (or per seated diner fees) on a transaction-by-transaction basis as diners are seated by our restaurant customers. Subscription-based revenue is recognized ratably over the related contractual period over which the service is delivered. | |||||||||||||
Vacation Rentals. We generate revenue from customers for online advertising listing services related to the listing of their properties for rent on a subscription basis, over a fixed-term, or on a free-to-list option. Payments for term-based paid subscriptions received in advance of services being rendered are recorded as deferred revenue and recognized ratably on a straight-line basis over the listing period. We generate commission revenue from our free-to-list bookings option. We receive cash from travelers at the time of booking, net of commissions, and record as deferred merchant payables on our consolidated balance sheet. Commission revenue is recorded as deferred revenue at the time of booking and later recognized when the traveler has completed the stay or as the travelers’ refund privileges lapse. We pay the customer or property owner after the travelers’ stay. | |||||||||||||
Cost of Revenue | |||||||||||||
Cost of revenue consists of expenses that are directly related or closely correlated to revenue generation, including direct costs, such as ad serving fees, flight search fees, transaction fees and data center costs. In addition, cost of revenue includes personnel and overhead expenses, including salaries, benefits, stock-based compensation and bonuses for certain customer support personnel who are directly involved in revenue generation. | |||||||||||||
Selling and Marketing | |||||||||||||
Sales and marketing expenses primarily consist of direct costs, including SEM and other online traffic acquisition costs, syndication costs and affiliate program commissions, brand advertising, television and other offline advertising, and public relations. In addition, our indirect sales and marketing expense consists of personnel and overhead expenses, including salaries, commissions, benefits, stock-based compensation expense and bonuses for sales, sales support, customer support and marketing employees. | |||||||||||||
Technology and Content | |||||||||||||
Technology and content expenses consist of personnel and overhead expenses, including salaries and benefits, stock-based compensation expense and bonuses for salaried employees and contractors engaged in the design, development, testing, content support, and maintenance of our websites and mobile apps. Other costs include licensing, maintenance expense, computer supplies, and technology hardware. | |||||||||||||
General and Administrative | |||||||||||||
General and administrative expense consists primarily of personnel and related overhead costs, including executive leadership, finance, legal and human resource functions and stock-based compensation as well as professional service fees and other fees including audit, legal, tax and accounting, and other costs including bad debt expense and our charitable foundation costs. | |||||||||||||
Interest Income and Other, net | |||||||||||||
Interest income and other, net primarily consists of interest earned and amortization of discounts and premiums on our marketable securities, and net foreign exchange gains and losses. | |||||||||||||
Interest Expense | |||||||||||||
Interest expense primarily consists of interest incurred, commitment fees and debt issuance cost amortization related to our Credit Agreement and Chinese Credit Facilities. | |||||||||||||
Cash, Cash Equivalents and Marketable Securities | |||||||||||||
Our cash equivalents consist of highly liquid investments with maturities of 90 days or less at the date of purchase. Our marketable debt and equity securities have been classified and accounted for as available-for-sale. We determine the appropriate classification of our investments at the time of purchase and reevaluate the designations at each balance sheet date. We invest in highly-rated securities, and our investment policy limits the amount of credit exposure to any one issuer, industry group and currency. The policy requires investments to be investment grade, with the primary objective of minimizing the potential risk of principal loss and providing liquidity of investments sufficient to meet our operating and capital spending requirements and debt repayments. | |||||||||||||
We classify our marketable debt securities as either short-term or long-term based on each instrument’s underlying contractual maturity date and as to whether and when we intend to sell a particular security prior to its maturity date. Marketable debt securities with maturities greater than 90 days at the date of purchase and 12 months or less remaining at the balance sheet date will be classified as short-term and marketable debt securities with maturities greater than 12 months from the balance sheet date will generally be classified as long-term. We classify our marketable equity securities, limited to money market funds and mutual funds, as either short-term or long-term based on the nature of each security and its availability for use in current operations. Our marketable debt and equity securities are carried at fair value, with the unrealized gains and losses, net of taxes, reported in accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) as a component of stockholders’ equity. Fair values are determined for each individual security in the investment portfolio. | |||||||||||||
Realized gains and losses on the sale of securities are determined by specific identification of each security’s cost basis. We may sell certain of our marketable securities prior to their stated maturities for strategic reasons including, but not limited to, anticipation of credit deterioration and liquidity and duration management. The weighted average maturity of our total invested cash shall not exceed 18 months, and no security shall have a final maturity date greater than three years. | |||||||||||||
We continually review our available for sale securities to determine whether a decline in fair value below the carrying value is other than temporary. When evaluating an investment for other-than-temporary impairment, we review factors such as the length of time and extent to which fair value has been below its cost basis, the financial condition of the issuer and any changes thereto, and our intent to sell, or whether it is more likely than not it will be required to sell the investment before recovery of the investment’s cost basis. Once a decline in fair value is determined to be other than temporary, an impairment charge is recorded and a new cost basis in the investment is established. If we do not intend to sell the debt security, but it is probable that we will not collect all amounts due, then only the impairment due to the credit risk would be recognized in earnings and the remaining amount of the impairment would be recognized in accumulated other comprehensive loss within stockholders’ equity. | |||||||||||||
Cash consists of cash deposits held in global financial institutions. | |||||||||||||
Fair Value Measurements | |||||||||||||
We apply fair value accounting for all financial assets and liabilities and non-financial assets and liabilities that are recognized or disclosed at fair value in the financial statements on a recurring basis. We measure assets and liabilities at fair value based on the expected exit price, which is the amount that would be received on the sale of an asset or amount paid to transfer a liability, as the case may be, in an orderly transaction between market participants in the principal or most advantageous market in which we would transact. As such, fair value may be based on assumptions that market participants would use in pricing an asset or liability at the measurement date. The authoritative guidance on fair value measurements establishes a consistent framework for measuring fair value on either a recurring or nonrecurring basis whereby inputs, used in valuation techniques, are assigned a hierarchical level. The following are the hierarchical levels of inputs to measure fair value: | |||||||||||||
Level 1—Valuations are based on quoted prices for identical assets and liabilities in active markets. | |||||||||||||
Level 2—Valuations are based on observable inputs other than quoted prices included in Level 1, such as quoted prices for similar assets and liabilities in active markets, quoted prices for identical or similar assets and liabilities in markets that are not active, or other inputs that are observable or can be corroborated by observable market data. | |||||||||||||
Level 3—Valuations are based on unobservable inputs reflecting our own assumptions, consistent with reasonably available assumptions made by other market participants. These valuations require significant judgment. | |||||||||||||
Derivative Financial Instruments | |||||||||||||
Our goal in managing our foreign exchange risk is to reduce, to the extent practicable, our potential exposure to the changes that exchange rates might have on our earnings, cash flows and financial position. We do not use derivatives for trading or speculative purposes. We account for our derivative instruments as either assets or liabilities and carry them at fair value. | |||||||||||||
For derivative instruments that hedge the exposure to variability in expected future cash flows that are designated as cash flow hedges, the effective portion of the gain or loss on the derivative instrument is reported as a component of accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) in stockholders’ equity and reclassified into income in the same period or periods during which the hedged transaction affects earnings. The ineffective portion of the gain or loss on the derivative instrument, if any, is recognized in current income. To receive hedge accounting treatment, cash flow hedges must be highly effective in offsetting changes to expected future cash flows on hedged transactions. For options designated as cash flow hedges, changes in the time value are excluded from the assessment of hedge effectiveness and are recognized in income. For derivative instruments that hedge the exposure to changes in the fair value of an asset or a liability and that are designated as fair value hedges, both the net gain or loss on the derivative instrument as well as the offsetting gain or loss on the hedged item attributable to the hedged risk are recognized in earnings in the current period. The net gain or loss on the effective portion of a derivative instrument that is designated as an economic hedge of the foreign currency translation exposure of the net investment in a foreign operation is reported in the same manner as a foreign currency translation adjustment. For forward exchange contracts designated as net investment hedges, we exclude changes in fair value relating to changes in the forward carrying component from its definition of effectiveness. Accordingly, any gains or losses related to this component are recognized in current income. We have not entered into any cash flow, fair value or net investment hedges to date as of December 31, 2014. | |||||||||||||
Derivatives that do not qualify for hedge accounting must be adjusted to fair value through current income. In certain circumstances, we enter into foreign currency forward exchange contracts (“forward contracts”) to reduce the effects of fluctuating foreign currency exchange rates on our cash flows denominated in foreign currencies. Our derivative instruments or forward contracts entered into are not designated as hedges as of December 31, 2014 are disclosed below in “Note 5— Financial Instruments” in the notes to the consolidated financial statements. Monetary assets and liabilities denominated in a currency other than the functional currency of a given subsidiary are remeasured at spot rates in effect on the balance sheet date with the effects of changes in spot rates reported in other, net on our consolidated statements of operations. Accordingly, fair value changes in the forward contracts help mitigate the changes in the value of the remeasured assets and liabilities attributable to changes in foreign currency exchange rates, except to the extent of the spot-forward differences. These differences are not expected to be significant due to the short-term nature of the contracts, which to date, have generally had maturities at inception of 90 days or less. The net cash received or paid related to our derivative instruments are classified as an operating activity in our consolidated statements of cash flow, which is based on the objective of the derivative instruments. These net cash flows have not been material in any reporting period to date. | |||||||||||||
Accounts Receivable and Allowance for Doubtful Accounts | |||||||||||||
Accounts receivable are generally due within 30 days and are recorded net of an allowance for doubtful accounts. We record accounts receivable at the invoiced amount. Collateral is not required for accounts receivable. We consider accounts outstanding longer than the contractual payment terms as past due. We determine our allowance by considering a number of factors, including the length of time trade accounts receivable are past due, previous loss history, a specific customer’s ability to pay its obligations to us, and the condition of the general economy and industry as a whole. | |||||||||||||
The following table presents the changes in the allowance for doubtful accounts for the periods presented: | |||||||||||||
December 31, | |||||||||||||
2014 | 2013 | 2012 | |||||||||||
(in millions) | |||||||||||||
Allowance for doubtful accounts: | |||||||||||||
Balance, beginning of period | $ | 3 | $ | 3 | $ | 5 | |||||||
Charges (recoveries) to earnings | 3 | 1 | (1 | ) | |||||||||
Write-offs, net of recoveries and other adjustments | 1 | (1 | ) | (1 | ) | ||||||||
Balance, end of period | $ | 7 | $ | 3 | $ | 3 | |||||||
Property and Equipment, Including Website and Software Development Costs | |||||||||||||
We record property and equipment at cost, net of accumulated depreciation. We capitalize certain costs incurred during the application development stage related to the development of websites and internal use software when it is probable the project will be completed and the software will be used as intended. Capitalized costs include internal and external costs, if direct and incremental, and deemed by management to be significant. We expense costs related to the planning and post-implementation phases of software and website development as these costs are incurred. Maintenance and enhancement costs (including those costs in the post-implementation stages) are typically expensed as incurred, unless such costs relate to substantial upgrades and enhancements to the website or software resulting in added functionality, in which case the costs are capitalized. | |||||||||||||
We compute depreciation using the straight-line method over the estimated useful lives of the assets, which is three to five years for computer equipment, capitalized software and website development, office furniture and other equipment. We depreciate leasehold improvements using the straight-line method, over the shorter of the estimated useful life of the improvement or the remaining term of the lease. | |||||||||||||
Leases | |||||||||||||
We lease office space in several countries around the world under non-cancelable lease agreements. We generally lease our office facilities under operating lease agreements. Office facilities subject to an operating lease and the related lease payments are not recorded on our balance sheet. The terms of certain lease agreements provide for rental payments on a graduated basis, however, we recognize rent expense on a straight-line basis over the lease period in accordance with GAAP. Any lease incentives are recognized as reductions of rental expense on a straight-line basis over the term of the lease. The lease term begins on the date we become legally obligated for the rent payments or when we take possession of the office space, whichever is earlier. | |||||||||||||
We establish assets and liabilities for the estimated construction costs incurred under lease arrangements where we are considered the owner for accounting purposes only, or build-to-suit leases, to the extent we are involved in the construction of structural improvements or take construction risk prior to commencement of a lease. Upon occupancy of facilities under build-to-suit leases, we assess whether these arrangements qualify for sales recognition under the sale-leaseback accounting guidance under GAAP. If we continue to be the deemed owner, for accounting purposes, the facilities are accounted for as financing obligations. | |||||||||||||
We establish assets and liabilities for the present value of estimated future costs to return certain of our leased facilities to their original condition for asset retirement obligations. Such assets are depreciated over the lease period into operating expense, and the recorded liabilities are accreted to the future value of the estimated restoration costs. | |||||||||||||
Business Combination Valuations and Recoverability of Goodwill and Indefinite-Lived Intangible Assets | |||||||||||||
Goodwill | |||||||||||||
We account for acquired businesses using the purchase method of accounting which requires that the assets acquired and liabilities assumed be recorded at the date of acquisition at their respective fair values. Any excess of the purchase price over the estimated fair values of the net assets acquired is recorded as goodwill. We assess goodwill, which is not amortized, for impairment annually as of October 1, or more frequently, if events and circumstances indicate impairment may have occurred. We test goodwill for impairment at the reporting unit level (operating segment or one level below an operating segment). Goodwill is allocated to our reporting units at the date the goodwill is initially recorded. Once goodwill has been allocated to the reporting units, it no longer retains its identification with a particular acquisition and becomes identified with the reporting unit in its entirety. Accordingly, the fair value of the reporting unit as a whole is available to support the recoverability of its goodwill. | |||||||||||||
In the evaluation of goodwill for impairment, we generally first perform a qualitative assessment to determine whether it is more likely than not (i.e., a likelihood of more than 50%) that the implied fair value of the reporting unit is less than the carrying amount. If we determine that it is not more likely than not that the implied fair value of the goodwill is less than its carrying amount, no further testing is necessary. If, however, we determine that it is more likely than not that the implied fair value of the goodwill is less than its carrying amount, we then perform a quantitative assessment and compare the implied fair value of the reporting unit to the carrying value. If the carrying value of a reporting unit exceeds its implied fair value, the goodwill of that reporting unit is potentially impaired and we proceed to step two of the impairment analysis. In step two of the analysis, we will record an impairment loss equal to the excess of the carrying value of the reporting unit’s goodwill over its implied fair value should such a circumstance arise. | |||||||||||||
In determining the estimated fair value of assets acquired and liabilities assumed in business combinations and for determining implied fair values of reporting units in a quantitative goodwill impairment test, we use one of the following recognized valuation methods: the income approach (including discounted cash flows), the market approach or the cost approach. Our significant estimates in those fair value measurements include identifying business factors such as size, growth, profitability, risk and return on investment and assessing comparable revenue and operating income multiples. Further, when measuring fair value based on discounted cash flows, we make assumptions about risk-adjusted discount rates, future price levels, rates of increase in revenue, cost of revenue, and operating expenses, weighted average cost of capital, rates of long-term growth, and income tax rates. Valuations are performed by management or third party valuation specialists under management's supervision, where appropriate. We believe that the fair values assigned to the assets acquired and liabilities assumed in business combinations and impairment tests are based on reasonable assumptions that marketplace participants would use. However, such assumptions are inherently uncertain and actual results could differ from those estimates. | |||||||||||||
As part of our qualitative assessment for our 2014 goodwill impairment analysis on October 1, the factors that we considered included, but were not limited to: (a) changes in macroeconomic conditions in the overall economy and the specific markets in which we operate, (b) our ability to access capital, (c) changes in the online travel industry, (d) changes in the level of competition, (e) comparison of our current financial performance to historical and budgeted results, and (f) changes in excess market capitalization over book value based on our current common stock price and latest unaudited consolidated balance sheet. After considering these factors and the impact that changes in such factors would have on the inputs used in our previous quantitative assessment, we determined that it was more likely than not that goodwill was not impaired. | |||||||||||||
Subsequent to the annual impairment test on October 1, 2014, as discussed in “Note 16—Segment and Geographic Information," the composition of our operating segments and our reporting units, has been revised. As a result of this revision, we performed an updated goodwill impairment analysis as of December 31, 2014, for each of our four reporting units which we have identified: Hotels, Vacation Rentals, Restaurants and Attractions. As part of our qualitative assessment for our Hotel reporting unit, we considered the same factors used above in our October 1 qualitative assessment. As part of our process for our Vacation Rentals, Restaurants and Attractions reporting units, we began our qualitative analysis leveraging quantitative valuations for recent acquisitions in these reporting units, prepared by third party appraisers or management, which were used by management for initial purchase accounting required under GAAP. We then considered many of the same qualitative factors used in our October 1, 2014 qualitative assessment and the impact that changes in such factors would have on the inputs previously used in those recent quantitative valuations. After considering this information, we determined that, regarding all reporting units, it was more likely than not that these assets were not impaired at December 31, 2014. | |||||||||||||
Indefinite-Lived Intangible Assets | |||||||||||||
Intangible assets that have indefinite lives are not amortized and are tested for impairment annually on October 1, or whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying value may not be recoverable. Similar to the qualitative assessment for goodwill, we may assess qualitative factors to determine if it is more likely than not that the implied fair value of the indefinite-lived intangible asset is less than its carrying amount. If we determine that it is not more likely than not that the implied fair value of the indefinite-lived intangible asset is less than its carrying amount, no further testing is necessary. If, however, we determine that it is more likely than not that the implied fair value of the indefinite-lived intangible asset is less than its carrying amount, we compare the implied fair value of the indefinite-lived asset with its carrying amount. If the carrying value of an individual indefinite-lived intangible asset exceeds its implied fair value, the individual asset is written down by an amount equal to such excess. The assessment of qualitative factors is optional and at our discretion. We may bypass the qualitative assessment for any indefinite-lived intangible asset in any period and resume performing the qualitative assessment in any subsequent period. | |||||||||||||
As part of our qualitative assessment for our 2014 impairment analysis on October 1, the factors that we considered for our indefinite-lived intangible assets included, but were not limited to: (a) changes in macroeconomic conditions in the overall economy and the specific markets in which we operate, (b) our ability to access capital, (c) changes in the online travel industry, (d) changes in the level of competition, (e) comparison of our current financial performance to historical and budgeted results, (f) changes in excess market capitalization over book value based on our current common stock price and latest unaudited consolidated balance sheet, and (g) comparison of the excess of the fair value of our trade names and trademarks to the carrying value of those same assets, using the results of our most recent quantitative assessment. After considering these factors and the impact that changes in such factors would have on the inputs used in our previous quantitative assessment, we determined that it was more likely than not that these assets were not impaired. | |||||||||||||
Since the annual impairment test on October 1, 2014, there have been no events or changes in circumstances to indicate any potential impairment to our indefinite lived intangible assets. In the event that future circumstances indicate that our indefinite-lived intangibles are impaired, an impairment charge would be recorded. | |||||||||||||
There were no impairment charges recognized to our consolidated statement of operations during the years ended December 31, 2014, 2013 and 2012 related to our goodwill or indefinite-lived intangible assets. | |||||||||||||
Recoverability of Intangible Assets with Definite Lives and Other Long-Lived Assets | |||||||||||||
Intangible assets with definite lives and other long-lived assets are carried at cost and are amortized on a straight-line basis over their estimated useful lives of two to twelve years. The straight-line method of amortization is currently used for our definite-lived intangible assets as it approximates, or is our best estimate, of the distribution of the economic use of our identifiable intangible assets. We review the carrying value of long-lived assets or asset groups, including property and equipment, to be used in operations whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of the assets might not be recoverable. | |||||||||||||
Factors that would necessitate an impairment assessment include a significant adverse change in the extent or manner in which an asset is used, a significant adverse change in legal factors or the business climate that could affect the value of the asset, or a significant decline in the observable market value of an asset, among others. If such facts indicate a potential impairment, we assess the recoverability of the asset by determining if the carrying value of the asset exceeds the sum of the projected undiscounted cash flows expected to result from the use and eventual disposition of the asset over the remaining economic life of the asset. If the recoverability test indicates that the carrying value of the asset is not recoverable, we will estimate the fair value of the asset using appropriate valuation methodologies which would typically include an estimate of discounted cash flows. Any impairment would be measured by the amount that the carrying value of such assets exceeds their fair value and would be included in operating income on the consolidated statement of operations. We have not identified any circumstances that would warrant an impairment assessment of any recorded assets in our consolidated balance sheet at December 31, 2014. | |||||||||||||
Income Taxes | |||||||||||||
We record income taxes under the asset and liability method. Deferred tax assets and liabilities reflect our estimation of the future tax consequences of temporary differences between the carrying amounts of assets and liabilities for book and tax purposes. We determine deferred income taxes based on the differences in accounting methods and timing between financial statement and income tax reporting. Accordingly, we determine the deferred tax asset or liability for each temporary difference based on the enacted tax rates expected to be in effect when we realize the underlying items of income and expense. We consider all relevant factors when assessing the likelihood of future realization of our deferred tax assets, including our recent earnings experience by jurisdiction, expectations of future taxable income, and the carryforward periods available to us for tax reporting purposes, as well as assessing available tax planning strategies. We may establish a valuation allowance to reduce deferred tax assets to the amount we believe is more likely than not to be realized. Due to inherent complexities arising from the nature of our businesses, future changes in income tax law, tax sharing agreements or variances between our actual and anticipated operating results, we make certain judgments and estimates. Therefore, actual income taxes could materially vary from these estimates. | |||||||||||||
We recognize in our consolidated financial statements the impact of a tax position, if that position is more likely than not to be sustained upon an examination, based on the technical merits of the position. | |||||||||||||
Foreign Currency Translation and Transaction Gains and Losses | |||||||||||||
Our consolidated financial statements are reported in U.S. dollars. Certain of our subsidiaries outside of the United States use the related local currency as their functional currency and not the U.S. dollar. Therefore assets and liabilities of our foreign subsidiaries are translated at the spot rate in effect at the applicable reporting date, and the consolidated statements of operations are translated at the average exchange rates in effect during the applicable period. The resulting unrealized cumulative translation adjustment is recorded as a component of accumulated other comprehensive income(loss) in stockholders’ equity on our consolidated balance sheet. | |||||||||||||
We also have subsidiaries that have transactions in foreign currencies other than their functional currency. Transactions denominated in currencies other than the functional currency are recorded based on exchange rates at the time such transactions arise. Subsequent changes in exchange rates result in transaction gains and losses which are reflected in our consolidated statements of operations as unrealized (based on the applicable period-end exchange rate) or realized upon settlement of the transactions, in other, net. | |||||||||||||
Accordingly, we have recorded foreign exchange losses of $10 million, $0 million and $3 million for the years ended December 31, 2014, 2013 and 2012, respectively, in other, net on our consolidated statement of operations. These amounts include gains and losses, realized and unrealized, on foreign currency forward contracts. | |||||||||||||
Advertising Expense | |||||||||||||
We incur advertising expense, which includes traffic generation costs from search engines and Internet portals, other online and offline (including television) advertising expense, promotions and public relations to promote our brands. We expense the costs associated with communicating the advertisements in the period in which the advertisement takes place. We initially capitalize and then expense the production costs associated with advertisements in the period in which the advertisement first takes place. For the years ended December 31, 2014, 2013 and 2012, our advertising expense was $341 million, $237 million, and $175 million, respectively. As of December 31, 2014 and 2013, we had $5 million and $1 million of prepaid marketing expenses included in prepaid expenses and other current assets. We expect to fully expense our prepaid marketing asset of $5 million as of December 31, 2014 to the consolidated statement of operations during 2015. | |||||||||||||
Stock-Based Compensation | |||||||||||||
Stock Options. The exercise price for all stock options granted by us to date has been equal to the market price of the underlying shares of common stock at the date of grant. In this regard, when making stock option awards, our practice is to determine the applicable grant date and to specify that the exercise price shall be the closing price of our common stock on the date of grant. | |||||||||||||
The estimated grant-date fair value of stock options is calculated using a Black-Scholes Merton option-pricing model (“Black-Scholes model”). The Black-Scholes model incorporates assumptions to value stock-based awards, which includes the risk-free rate of return, expected volatility, expected term and expected dividend yield. | |||||||||||||
Our risk-free interest rate is based on the rates currently available on zero-coupon U.S. Treasury issues, in effect at the time of the grant, whose remaining maturity period most closely approximates the stock option’s expected term assumption. We have estimated, to date, the volatility of our common stock by using an average of our historical stock price volatility and of publicly traded companies that we consider peers based on daily price observations. We have estimated our expected term, to date, using the simplified method, as we have not had sufficient historical exercise data on our common stock to date. Our expected dividend yield is zero, as we have not paid any dividends on our common stock to date and do not expect to pay any cash dividends for the foreseeable future. | |||||||||||||
Our stock options generally have a term of ten years from the date of grant and generally vest equitably over a four-year requisite service period. We amortize the grant-date fair value of our stock option grants, net of estimated forfeitures, as stock-based compensation expense over the vesting term on a straight-line basis, with the amount of compensation expense recognized at any date at least equaling the portion of the grant-date fair value of the award that is vested at that date. | |||||||||||||
As the Company now has three years of post-Spin-Off equity award activity, beginning in February 2015, we will change our method of estimating our expected term from the simplified method and use historical exercise behavior and expected post-vest termination data. Simultaneously, we will also begin estimating our expected volatility by equally weighting the historical volatility and implied volatility on our own stock. Historical volatility will be determined using actual daily price observations of our stock price over a period equivalent to or approximate to the expected term of our stock option grants to date. Implied volatility represents the volatility of our actively traded options on our stock, with remaining maturities in excess of twelve months and market prices approximate to the exercise prices of the stock option grant. These changes are not expected to materially affect our future consolidated financial statements. | |||||||||||||
Restricted Stock Units. RSUs are stock awards that are granted to employees entitling the holder to shares of our common stock as the award vests. RSUs are measured at fair value based on the number of shares granted and the quoted price of our common stock at the date of grant. We amortize the fair value of RSUs, net of estimated forfeitures, as stock-based compensation expense over the vesting term of generally four years on a straight-line basis, with the amount of compensation expense recognized at any date at least equaling the portion of the grant-date fair value of the award that is vested at that date. | |||||||||||||
Performance-based stock options and RSUs vest upon achievement of certain company-based performance conditions and a requisite service period. On the date of grant, the fair value of performance-based award is determined based on the fair value, which is calculated using the same method as our service based stock options and RSUs described above. We then assess whether it is probable that the individual performance targets would be achieved. If assessed as probable, compensation expense will be recorded for these awards over the estimated performance period. At each reporting period, we will reassess the probability of achieving the performance targets and the performance period required to meet those targets. The estimation of whether the performance targets will be achieved and of the performance period required to achieve the targets requires judgment, and to the extent actual results or updated estimates differ from our current estimates, the cumulative effect on current and prior periods of those changes will be recorded in the period estimates are revised, or the change in estimate will be applied prospectively depending on whether the change affects the estimate of total compensation cost to be recognized or merely affects the period over which compensation cost is to be recognized. The ultimate number of shares issued and the related compensation expense recognized will be based on a comparison of the final performance metrics to the specified targets. | |||||||||||||
Estimates of fair value are not intended to predict actual future events or the value ultimately realized by employees who receive these awards, and subsequent events are not indicative of the reasonableness of our original estimates of fair value. We use historical data to estimate pre-vesting stock option and RSU forfeitures and record share-based compensation expense only for those awards that are expected to vest. Changes in estimated forfeitures are recognized through a cumulative catch-up adjustment in the period of change which also impacts the amount of stock compensation expense to be recognized in future periods. | |||||||||||||
Deferred Merchant Payables | |||||||||||||
We receive cash from travelers at the time of booking related to our vacation rental, attractions and transaction-based businesses and we record these amounts, net of commissions, on our consolidated balance sheets as deferred merchant payables. We pay the hotel, destination activity operators or vacation rental owners after the travelers’ use and subsequent billing from the hotel, attraction provider or vacation rental owners. Therefore, we receive cash from the traveler prior to paying the hotel, destination activity operator or vacation rental owners, and this operating cycle represents a working capital source or use of cash to us. As long as these businesses grow, we expect that changes in working capital related to these transactions, depending on timing of payments and seasonality, will continue to impact operating cash flows. Our deferred merchant payables balance was $93 million and $30 million for the years ended December 31, 2014 and 2013, respectively. A payable balance of $76 million was acquired during the year ended December 31, 2014, primarily related to our Viator acquisition (see “Note 3— Acquisitions”) and therefore is included within investing activities in our consolidated statement of cash flows. | |||||||||||||
Credit Risk and Concentrations | |||||||||||||
Financial instruments, which potentially subject us to concentration of credit risk, consist primarily of cash and cash equivalents, corporate debt securities, foreign exchange contracts, accounts receivable and customer concentrations. We maintain some cash and cash equivalents balances with financial institutions that are in excess of Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation insurance limits. Our cash and cash equivalents are primarily composed of prime institutional money market funds as well as bank account balances primarily denominated in U.S. dollars, Euros, British pound sterling, Chinese renminbi, Australian dollars and Singapore dollars. We invest in highly-rated corporate debt securities, and our investment policy limits the amount of credit exposure to any one issuer, industry group and currency. Our credit risk related to corporate debt securities is also mitigated by the relatively short maturity period required by our investment policy. Foreign exchange contracts are transacted with various international financial institutions with high credit standing. | |||||||||||||
Our business is also subject to certain risks due to concentrations related to dependence on our relationships with our customers. For the years ended December 31, 2014, 2013 and 2012 our two most significant advertising partners, Expedia and Priceline, each accounted for more than 10% of our consolidated revenue and combined accounted for 46%, 47% and 48% of our consolidated revenue, respectively. This concentration of revenue is recorded in our Hotel segment for these reporting periods. As of December 31, 2014 and 2013, Expedia accounted for 15% and 14%, respectively, of our total accounts receivable. Our overall credit risk related to accounts receivable is also mitigated by the relatively short collection period. | |||||||||||||
Contingent Liabilities | |||||||||||||
Periodically, we review the status of all significant outstanding matters to assess any potential financial exposure. When (i) it is probable that an asset has been impaired or a liability has been incurred and (ii) the amount of the loss can be reasonably estimated, we record the estimated loss in our consolidated statements of operations. We provide disclosure in the notes to the consolidated financial statements for loss contingencies that do not meet both these conditions if there is a reasonable possibility that a loss may have been incurred that would be material to the financial statements. Significant judgment is required to determine the probability that a liability has been incurred and whether such liability is reasonably estimable. We base accruals made on the best information available at the time which can be highly subjective. The final outcome of these matters could vary significantly from the amounts included in the accompanying consolidated financial statements. | |||||||||||||
Comprehensive Income (Loss) | |||||||||||||
Comprehensive income (loss) currently consists of net income, cumulative foreign currency translation adjustments, and unrealized gains and losses on available-for-sale securities, net of tax. | |||||||||||||
Basic Earnings Per Share | |||||||||||||
We compute basic earnings per share (“Basic EPS”) by dividing net income attributable to TripAdvisor by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding during the period. We compute the weighted average number of common shares outstanding during the reporting period using the total of common stock and Class B common stock outstanding as of the last day of the previous year end reporting period plus the weighted average of any additional shares issued and outstanding less the weighted average of any treasury shares repurchased during the reporting period. | |||||||||||||
Diluted Earnings Per Share | |||||||||||||
We compute diluted earnings per share (“Diluted EPS”) by dividing net income attributable to TripAdvisor by the sum of the weighted average number of common and common equivalent shares outstanding during the period. We computed the weighted average number of common and common equivalent shares outstanding during the period using the sum of (i) the number of shares of common stock and Class B common stock used in the basic earnings per share calculation as indicated above, and (ii) if dilutive, the incremental weighted average common stock that we would issue upon the assumed exercise of outstanding common equivalent shares related to stock options and the vesting of restricted stock units using the treasury stock method, and (iii) if dilutive, performance based awards based on the number of shares that would be issuable as of the end of the reporting period assuming the end of the reporting period was also the end of the contingency period. | |||||||||||||
Under the treasury stock method, the assumed proceeds calculation includes the actual proceeds to be received from the employee upon exercise, the average unrecognized compensation cost during the period and any tax benefits credited upon exercise to additional paid-in-capital. The treasury stock method assumes that a company uses the proceeds from the exercise of an award to repurchase common stock at the average market price for the period. Windfall tax benefits created upon the exercise of an award would be added to assumed proceeds, while shortfalls charged to additional paid-in-capital would be deducted from assumed proceeds. Any shortfalls not covered by the windfall tax pool would be charged to the income statement and would be excluded from the calculation of assumed proceeds, if any. | |||||||||||||
Below is a reconciliation of the weighted average number of shares of common stock outstanding in calculating Diluted EPS (shares in thousands and dollars in millions, except per share amounts) for the periods presented: | |||||||||||||
Year ended December 31, | |||||||||||||
2014 | 2013 | 2012 | |||||||||||
Numerator: | |||||||||||||
Net income | $ | 226 | $ | 205 | $ | 194 | |||||||
Denominator: | |||||||||||||
Weighted average shares used to compute | 142,721 | 142,854 | 139,462 | ||||||||||
Basic EPS | |||||||||||||
Weighted average effect of dilutive | |||||||||||||
securities: | |||||||||||||
Stock options | 2,734 | 2,131 | 1,207 | ||||||||||
RSUs | 345 | 278 | 161 | ||||||||||
Stock warrants | - | - | 511 | ||||||||||
Weighted average shares used to compute | 145,800 | 145,263 | 141,341 | ||||||||||
Diluted EPS | |||||||||||||
Basic EPS | $ | 1.58 | $ | 1.44 | $ | 1.39 | |||||||
Diluted EPS | $ | 1.55 | $ | 1.41 | $ | 1.37 | |||||||
The following potential common shares related to stock options and RSUs were excluded from the calculation of Diluted EPS because their effect would have been anti-dilutive for the periods presented: | |||||||||||||
Year ended December 31, | |||||||||||||
2014(1) | 2013(2) | 2012(3) | |||||||||||
Stock options | 1,450 | 2,244 | 3,944 | ||||||||||
RSUs | 191 | 27 | 21 | ||||||||||
Total | 1,641 | 2,271 | 3,965 | ||||||||||
-1 | These totals do not include 66,666 performance based options and 44,000 performance based RSUs representing the right to acquire 110,666 shares of common stock for which all targets required to trigger vesting had not been achieved; therefore, such awards were excluded from the calculation of weighted average shares used to compute Diluted EPS for those reporting periods. | ||||||||||||
-2 | These totals do not include 155,000 performance based options and 44,000 performance based RSUs representing the right to acquire 199,000 shares of common stock for which all targets required to trigger vesting had not been achieved; therefore, such awards were excluded from the calculation of weighted average shares used to compute Diluted EPS for those reporting periods. | ||||||||||||
-3 | These totals do not include 110,000 performance based options and 200,000 performance based RSUs representing the right to acquire 310,000 shares of common stock, respectively, for which all targets required to trigger vesting had not been achieved; therefore, such awards were excluded from the calculation of weighted average shares used to compute Diluted EPS for those reporting periods. | ||||||||||||
The earnings per share amounts are the same for common stock and Class B common stock because the holders of each class are legally entitled to equal per share distributions whether through dividends or in liquidation. | |||||||||||||
New Accounting Pronouncements Not Yet Adopted | |||||||||||||
Revenue From Contracts With Customers | |||||||||||||
In May 2014, the FASB issued new accounting guidance on revenue from contracts with customers. The new guidance requires an entity to recognize the amount of revenue to which it expects to be entitled for the transfer of promised goods or services to customers. The updated guidance will replace most existing revenue recognition guidance in GAAP when it becomes effective and permits the use of either a retrospective or cumulative effect transition method. This guidance is effective for fiscal years, and interim periods within those fiscal years, beginning after December 15, 2016. We have not yet selected a transition method and we are currently evaluating the effect that the updated standard will have on our consolidated financial statements and related disclosures. | |||||||||||||
Recently Adopted Accounting Pronouncements | |||||||||||||
Pushdown Accounting | |||||||||||||
In November 2014, the FASB issued new accounting guidance that provides companies with the option to apply pushdown accounting in its separate financial statements upon occurrence of an event in which an acquirer obtains control of the acquired entity. The acquired entity may elect the option to apply pushdown accounting in the reporting period in which the change-in-control event occurs. If pushdown accounting is not applied in the reporting period in which the change-in-control event occurs, an acquired entity will have the option to elect to apply pushdown accounting in a subsequent reporting period as a change in accounting principle under GAAP. If pushdown accounting is applied to an individual change-in-control event, that election is irrevocable. This guidance also requires an acquired entity that elects the option to apply pushdown accounting in its separate financial statements to disclose information in the current reporting period that enables users of financial statements to evaluate the effect of pushdown accounting. We have adopted this guidance effective November 18, 2014, as the amendments are effective upon issuance. The adoption of this new guidance did not have any impact on our consolidated financial statements and related disclosures. | |||||||||||||
Presentation of an Unrecognized Tax Benefit When a Net Operating Loss Carryforward, a Similar Tax Loss, or a Tax Credit Carryforward Exists | |||||||||||||
In July 2013, the FASB issued new accounting guidance on the presentation of unrecognized tax benefits. The new guidance requires an entity to present an unrecognized tax benefit, or a portion of an unrecognized tax benefit, as a reduction to a deferred tax asset for a net operating loss carryforward, a similar tax loss, or a tax credit carryforward, except as follows: to the extent a net operating loss carryforward, a similar tax loss, or a tax credit carryforward is not available at the reporting date under the tax law of the applicable jurisdiction to settle any additional income taxes that would result from the disallowance of a tax position or the tax law of the applicable jurisdiction does not require the entity to use, and the entity does not intend to use the deferred tax asset for such purpose, then the unrecognized tax benefit should be presented in the financial statements as a liability and should not be combined with deferred tax assets. This guidance was effective for fiscal years, and interim periods within those fiscal years, beginning after December 15, 2013, with early adoption permitted. Accordingly, we adopted these presentation requirements during the first quarter of 2014. The adoption of this new guidance did not have a material impact on our consolidated financial statements and related disclosures. | |||||||||||||
Acquisitions
Acquisitions | 12 Months Ended | ||||
Dec. 31, 2014 | |||||
Business Combinations [Abstract] | |||||
Acquisitions | NOTE 3: ACQUISITIONS | ||||
We acquired a number of businesses during the years ended December 31, 2014, 2013 and 2012. These business combinations were accounted for as purchases of businesses under the acquisition method. The fair value of purchase consideration has been allocated to tangible and identifiable intangible assets acquired and liabilities assumed, based on their respective fair values on the acquisition date, with the remaining unallocated amount recorded as goodwill. Acquired goodwill represents the premium we paid over the fair value of the net tangible and intangible assets acquired. We paid a premium in these transactions for a number of reasons, but, primarily it was attributable to expected operational synergies, the assembled workforces, and the future development initiatives of the assembled workforces. The results of each of these acquired businesses have been included in the consolidated financial statements beginning on the respective acquisition dates. Pro-forma results of operations for all of these acquisitions have not been presented as the financial impact to our consolidated financial statements, both individually and in aggregate, are not material. For the years ended December 31, 2014 and 2013, acquisition-related costs were expensed as incurred and were $4 million and $2 million, respectively, and are included in general and administrative expenses on our consolidated statements of operations. Acquisition-related expenses were not material for the year ended December 31, 2012. | |||||
2014 Acquisitions | |||||
In August 2014, we completed our acquisition of Viator, Inc. (“Viator”). Viator, which is headquartered in San Francisco and has offices in Las Vegas, London, and Sydney, is a leading resource for researching and booking destination activities around the world. Our total purchase price was $192 million, for all the outstanding shares of capital stock of Viator, consisting of approximately $187 million in cash consideration (or $132 million, net of cash acquired from Viator of $55 million) and the value of certain Viator stock options that were assumed. We issued 100,595 TripAdvisor stock options related to the assumed Viator stock options. The fair value of the earned portion of assumed stock options was $5 million and is included in the purchase price, with the remaining fair value of $3 million resulting in post-acquisition compensation expense that will generally be recognized ratably over three years from the date of acquisition. The total cash consideration was paid from one of our U.S. based subsidiaries. | |||||
During the year ended December 31, 2014, we completed six other acquisitions for a total purchase price consideration of $208 million, for which the Company paid total cash consideration of $199 million, which is net of cash acquired of $7 million and approximately $2 million in holdbacks for general representations and warranties of the respective sellers. The cash consideration was paid primarily from our international subsidiaries. We acquired 100% of the outstanding shares of capital stock for the following companies; Vacation Home Rentals, a U.S.-based vacation rental website featuring more than 14,000 properties around the world purchased in May 2014; London-based Tripbod, a travel community that helps connect travelers to local experts purchased in May 2014; Lafourchette, a provider of an online and mobile reservations platform for restaurants in Europe purchased in May 2014; MyTable and Restopolis, both providers of an online and mobile reservations platform for restaurants in Italy purchased in October 2014; and Iens, a provider of an online and mobile reservations platform for restaurants in the Netherlands purchased in December 2014. The purchase price consideration is subject to an adjustment based on the finalization of working capital adjustments for Restopolis and Iens, as of December 31, 2014. During 2014, all 2014 acquisitions accounted for approximately 3% of consolidated revenue for the year. | |||||
The purchase price allocation of our 2014 acquisitions, is preliminary and subject to revision as more information becomes available, but in any case will not be revised beyond twelve months after the acquisition date and any change to the fair value of assets acquired or liabilities assumed will lead to a corresponding change to the purchase price allocable to goodwill on a retroactive basis. The primary areas of the purchase price allocation that are not yet finalized are related to the fair values of intangibles assets and net assets for Iens, net assets of Viator, and income tax related balances for all 2014 acquisitions. Acquired goodwill related to our 2014 acquisitions was allocated to our Other segment. | |||||
The following table presents the purchase price allocations initially recorded on our consolidated balance sheet for all 2014 acquisitions (in millions): | |||||
Total | |||||
Goodwill (1) | $ | 253 | |||
Intangible assets (2) | 194 | ||||
Net tangible assets (liabilities) (3) | (7 | ) | |||
Deferred tax liabilities, net | (40 | ) | |||
Total purchase price consideration (4) | $ | 400 | |||
-1 | Goodwill in the amount of $5 million is expected to be deductible for tax purposes. | ||||
-2 | Identifiable definite-lived intangible assets acquired during 2014 were comprised of trade names of $44 million with a weighted average life of 10.0 years, customer lists and supplier relationships of $82 million with a weighted average life of 7.2 years, subscriber relationships of $25 million with a weighted average life of 6.0 years and developed technology and other of $43 million with a weighted average life of 4.9 years. The overall weighted-average life of the identifiable definite-lived intangible assets acquired in the purchase of the companies during 2014 was 7.2 years, and will be amortized on a straight-line basis over their estimated useful lives from acquisition date. | ||||
-3 | Includes assets acquired, including cash of $62 million and accounts receivable of $25 million and liabilities assumed, including deferred merchant payables of $76 million, accrued expenses and other current liabilities of $15 million and deferred revenue of $5 million which reflect their respective fair values at acquisition date. | ||||
-4 | Subject to adjustment based on (i) final working capital adjustment calculations to be determined for Restopolis and Iens, and (ii) indemnification obligations for general representations and warranties of the acquired company stockholders. | ||||
2013 Acquisitions | |||||
During the year ended December 31, 2013, we completed six acquisitions for a total purchase price consideration of $40 million, for which the Company paid total cash consideration of $35 million, net of cash acquired of $3 million and approximately $2 million in holdbacks for general representations and warranties of the respective sellers, of which $1 million was paid in 2014. The cash consideration was paid primarily from our international subsidiaries. We acquired TinyPost, the developer of a product that enables users to write over photos and turn them into stories, Jetsetter, a members-only private sale site for hotel bookings; CruiseWise, a cruise research and planning site; Niumba, a Spain-based vacation rental site; GateGuru, a mobile app with flight and airport information around the world; Oyster, a hotel review website featuring expert reviews and photos around the world, all of which complemented our existing brands in those areas of the travel ecosystem. The purchase price allocation for our 2013 acquisitions is considered final at December 31, 2014. | |||||
The following table presents the purchase price allocation recorded on our consolidated balance sheet at fair value for all 2013 acquisitions (in millions): | |||||
Total | |||||
Goodwill (1) | $ | 30 | |||
Intangible assets (2) | 19 | ||||
Net liabilities assumed (3) | (10 | ) | |||
Deferred tax assets | 1 | ||||
Total purchase price consideration (4) | $ | 40 | |||
-1 | Goodwill in the amount of $14 million is expected to be deductible for tax purposes. | ||||
-2 | Identifiable definite-lived intangible assets acquired during 2013 were comprised of trade names of $8 million, subscriber relationships of $8 million, and developed technology and other of $3 million. The overall weighted-average life of the identifiable definite-lived intangible assets acquired in the purchase of the companies during 2013 was 8.0 years, which is being amortized on a straight-line basis over their estimated useful lives from acquisition date. | ||||
-3 | Includes assets acquired, including cash of $3 million and accounts receivable of $2 million and liabilities assumed, including accounts payables of $11 million, accrued expenses and other current liabilities of $1 million and deferred revenue of $3 million which reflected their respective fair values at acquisition date. | ||||
-4 | Subject to adjustment based on (i) indemnification obligations for general representations and warranties of the acquired company stockholders. | ||||
2012 Acquisitions | |||||
We purchased a travel media company for approximately $3 million. The purchase price consideration was primarily allocated to goodwill, which is not tax deductible. The purchase price and purchase price allocation is final for this acquisition at December 31, 2014. | |||||
We also paid $22 million for the remaining noncontrolling interest subsidiary shares related to a 2008 acquisition, which brought our ownership to 100%. This amount is included in financing activities in our consolidated statement of cash flows for the year ended December 31, 2012. |
Stock_Based_Awards_and_Other_E
Stock Based Awards and Other Equity Instruments | 12 Months Ended | ||||||||||||||||
Dec. 31, 2014 | |||||||||||||||||
Disclosure Of Compensation Related Costs Sharebased Payments [Abstract] | |||||||||||||||||
Stock Based Awards and Other Equity Instruments | NOTE 4: STOCK BASED AWARDS AND OTHER EQUITY INSTRUMENTS | ||||||||||||||||
Stock-based Compensation Expense | |||||||||||||||||
The following table presents the amount of stock-based compensation related to stock-based awards, primarily stock options and RSUs, on our consolidated statements of operations during the periods presented: | |||||||||||||||||
Year ended December 31, | |||||||||||||||||
2014 | 2013 | 2012 | |||||||||||||||
(in millions) | |||||||||||||||||
Selling and marketing | $ | 13 | $ | 11 | $ | 5 | |||||||||||
Technology and content | 27 | 21 | 11 | ||||||||||||||
General and administrative | 23 | 17 | 14 | ||||||||||||||
Total stock-based compensation | 63 | 49 | 30 | ||||||||||||||
Income tax benefit from stock-based compensation | (24 | ) | (18 | ) | (10 | ) | |||||||||||
Total stock-based compensation, net of tax effect | $ | 39 | $ | 31 | $ | 20 | |||||||||||
During the years ended December 31, 2014 and 2013, we capitalized $8 million and $5 million, respectively, of stock-based compensation as website development costs. This amount was immaterial for the year ended December 31, 2012. | |||||||||||||||||
Stock and Incentive Plan | |||||||||||||||||
On December 20, 2011, our 2011 Stock and Annual Incentive Plan became effective and we filed Post-Effective Amendment No. 1 on Form S-8 to Registration Statement on Form S-4 (File No. 333-178637) (the “Prior Registration Statement”) with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “Commission”), registering a total of 17,500,000 shares of our common stock, of which 17,400,000 shares were issuable in connection with grants of equity-based awards under our 2011 Incentive Plan (7,400,000 of which shares were originally registered on the Form S-4 and 10,000,000 of which shares were first registered on the Prior Registration Statement) and 100,000 shares were issuable under our Deferred Compensation Plan for Non-Employee Directors (refer to “Note 13— Employee Benefit Plans” below for information on our Deferred Compensation Plan for Non-Employee Directors). | |||||||||||||||||
At our annual meeting of stockholders held on June 28, 2013 (the “Annual Meeting”), our stockholders approved an amendment to our 2011 Stock and Annual Incentive Plan to, among other things, increase the aggregate number of shares of common stock authorized for issuance thereunder by 15,000,000 shares. We refer to our 2011 Stock and Annual Incentive Plan, as amended by the amendment as the “2011 Incentive Plan.” A summary of the material terms of the 2011 Incentive Plan can be found in “Proposal 3: Approval of the 2011 Stock and Annual Incentive Plan, as amended” in our Proxy Statement for the Annual Meeting. | |||||||||||||||||
On September 12, 2014, we filed a Registration Statement on Form S-8 with respect to up to 100,595 shares of our common stock for issuance under the Viator, Inc. 2010 Stock Incentive Plan, as amended (the “Viator Plan”). Pursuant to the Amended and Restated Agreement and Plan of Merger among TripAdvisor LLC; Vineyard Acquisition Corporation and Viator, Inc., dated as of July 24, 2014 (the “Merger Agreement”), Vineyard Acquisition Corporation merged with and into Viator, Inc. with Viator, Inc. surviving as a wholly-owned subsidiary of the Company. In accordance with the Merger Agreement, we assumed certain outstanding options to purchase shares of common stock of Viator granted under the Viator Plan (the “Assumed Options”). As a result of this assumption, the Assumed Options were converted into options to purchase shares of our common stock. We do not intend to grant new equity or equity-based awards under the Viator Plan. | |||||||||||||||||
Pursuant to the 2011 Annual Incentive Plan, we may, among other things, grant RSUs, restricted stock, stock options and other stock-based awards to our directors, officers, employees and consultants. The summary of the material terms of the 2011 Incentive Plan is qualified in its entirety by the full text of the 2011 Incentive Plan previously filed. | |||||||||||||||||
As of December 31, 2014, the total number of shares available for issuance under the 2011 Incentive Plan is 17,691,977 shares. All shares of common stock issued in respect of the exercise of options or other equity awards since Spin-Off have been issued from authorized, but unissued common stock. | |||||||||||||||||
Stock Based Award Activity and Valuation | |||||||||||||||||
2014 Stock Option Activity | |||||||||||||||||
During the year ended December 31, 2014, we have issued 679,568 of primarily service based non-qualified stock options primarily from the 2011 Incentive Plan. These stock options generally have a term of ten years from the date of grant and generally vest equitably over a four-year requisite service period. | |||||||||||||||||
A summary of our stock option activity is presented below: | |||||||||||||||||
Weighted | Weighted | ||||||||||||||||
Average | Average | ||||||||||||||||
Exercise | Remaining | Aggregate | |||||||||||||||
Options | Price Per | Contractual | Intrinsic | ||||||||||||||
Outstanding | Share | Life | Value | ||||||||||||||
(in thousands) | (in years) | (in millions) | |||||||||||||||
Options outstanding at December 31, 2013 | 9,470 | 40.18 | |||||||||||||||
Assumed options from acquisition | 101 | 16.36 | |||||||||||||||
Granted | 579 | 95.87 | |||||||||||||||
Exercised (1) | (1,202 | ) | 32.87 | ||||||||||||||
Cancelled or expired | (297 | ) | 45.4 | ||||||||||||||
Options outstanding at December 31, 2014 | 8,651 | $ | 44.47 | 5 | $ | 273 | |||||||||||
Exercisable as of December 31, 2014 | 4,080 | $ | 32.05 | 2.7 | $ | 174 | |||||||||||
Vested and expected to vest after December 31, 2014 | 8,445 | $ | 44.11 | 4.9 | $ | 269 | |||||||||||
-1 | Inclusive of 628,010 options, which were not converted into shares due to net share settlement in order to cover the aggregate exercise price and the minimum amount of required employee withholding taxes. Potential shares which had been convertible under stock options that were withheld under net share settlement remain in the authorized but unissued pool under the 2011 Incentive Plan and can be reissued by the Company. We began net-share settling the majority of our stock option exercises during the third quarter of 2013. Total payments for the employees’ tax obligations to the taxing authorities due to net share settlements are reflected as a financing activity within the consolidated statements of cash flows. | ||||||||||||||||
Aggregate intrinsic value represents the difference between the closing stock price of our common stock and the exercise price of outstanding, in-the-money options. Our closing stock price as reported on NASDAQ as of December 31, 2014 was $74.66. The total intrinsic value of stock options exercised for the years ended December 31, 2014, 2013, and 2012 were $75 million, $58 million, and $25 million, respectively. | |||||||||||||||||
The fair value of stock option grants under the 2011 Plan and Viator Plan has been estimated at the date of grant using the Black–Scholes option pricing model with the following weighted average assumptions for the periods presented: | |||||||||||||||||
December 31, | |||||||||||||||||
2014 | 2013 | 2012 | |||||||||||||||
Risk free interest rate | 1.79 | % | 1.41 | % | 1.03 | % | |||||||||||
Expected term (in years) | 5.8 | 6.06 | 6.21 | ||||||||||||||
Expected volatility | 44.04 | % | 50.78 | % | 53.46 | % | |||||||||||
Expected dividend yield | — % | — % | — % | ||||||||||||||
The weighted-average grant date fair value of options granted, excluding assumed acquisition-related options, was $46.65, $28.30, and $20.36 for the years ended December 31, 2014, 2013 and 2012, respectively. The weighted-average grant date fair value of assumed acquisition-related options was $80.31 for the year ended December 31, 2014. There were no assumed acquisition-related options granted for the years ended December 31, 2013 and 2012. The total fair value of stock options vested for the years ended December 31, 2014, 2013, and 2012 were $34 million, $27 million, and $10 million, respectively. | |||||||||||||||||
2014 RSU Activity | |||||||||||||||||
During the year ended December 31, 2014, we issued 752,460 RSUs under the 2011 Incentive Plan for which the fair value was measured based on the quoted price of our common stock on the date of grant. These RSUs generally vest over a four-year requisite service period. | |||||||||||||||||
The following table presents a summary of our RSU activity: | |||||||||||||||||
Weighted | |||||||||||||||||
Average | |||||||||||||||||
Grant- | Aggregate | ||||||||||||||||
RSUs | Date Fair | Intrinsic | |||||||||||||||
Outstanding | Value Per Share | Value | |||||||||||||||
(in thousands) | (in millions) | ||||||||||||||||
Unvested RSUs outstanding as of December 31, 2013 | 1,135 | 49.64 | |||||||||||||||
Granted | 752 | 93.36 | |||||||||||||||
Vested and released (1) | (307 | ) | 46.78 | ||||||||||||||
Cancelled | (132 | ) | 67.5 | ||||||||||||||
Unvested RSUs outstanding as of December 31, 2014 | 1,448 | $ | 71.33 | $ | 108 | ||||||||||||
-1 | Inclusive of 103,641 RSUs withheld to satisfy employee minimum tax withholding requirements due to net share settlement. Potential shares which had been convertible under RSUs that were withheld under net share settlement remain in the authorized but unissued pool under the 2011 Plan and can be reissued by the Company. Total payments for the employees’ tax obligations to the taxing authorities due to net share settlements are reflected as a financing activity within the consolidated statements of cash flows. | ||||||||||||||||
Other Equity Activity | |||||||||||||||||
Upon Spin-Off, we entered into a warrant agreement (the “Warrant Agreement”) with Mellon Investor Services LLC and issued warrants exercisable for TripAdvisor common stock in respect of previously outstanding warrants exercisable for Expedia common stock that were adjusted on account of Expedia’s reverse stock split and the Spin-Off. In total, at Spin-Off, the warrants could have been converted into a maximum of 8,046,698 shares of our common stock without any further adjustments to the Warrant Agreement and had an expiration date of May 7, 2012. | |||||||||||||||||
One tranche of warrants (issued in respect of Expedia warrants that had featured an exercise price of $12.23 per warrant prior to adjustment) were exercisable for 0.25 (one-quarter) of a share of TripAdvisor common stock at an exercise price equal to $6.48 per warrant, and the other tranche of warrants (issued in respect of Expedia warrants that had featured an exercise price of $14.45 per warrant prior to adjustment) were exercisable for 0.25 (one-quarter) of a share of TripAdvisor common stock at an exercise price equal to $7.66 per warrant. The exercise price could have been paid in cash or via “cashless exercise” as set forth in the Warrant Agreement. | |||||||||||||||||
During the year ended December 31, 2012, and prior to the expiration date, there were a total of 32,186,791 warrants exercised which resulted in a total of 7,952,456 shares of our common stock being issued during that period, which included 31,641,337 warrants for which the exercise price was paid in cash at a weighted average price of $27.11. We received total exercise proceeds of $215 million related to these warrant exercises, which is reflected as a financing activity within the consolidated statement of cash flows. In addition there were 545,454 cashless warrants exercised with a weighted average exercise price of $25.92 of which we did not receive any exercise proceeds. We currently have no outstanding warrants remaining which could be convertible to shares of our common stock. | |||||||||||||||||
Unrecognized Stock-Based Compensation | |||||||||||||||||
A summary of our remaining unrecognized compensation expense, net of estimated forfeitures, and the weighted average remaining amortization period at December 31, 2014 related to our non-vested stock options and RSU awards is presented below (in millions, except per year information): | |||||||||||||||||
Stock | |||||||||||||||||
Options | RSUs | ||||||||||||||||
Unrecognized compensation expense (net of forfeitures) | $ | 84 | $ | 70 | |||||||||||||
Weighted average period remaining (in years) | 2.7 | 2.9 | |||||||||||||||
Financial_Instruments
Financial Instruments | 12 Months Ended | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Dec. 31, 2014 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Investments All Other Investments [Abstract] | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Financial Instruments | NOTE 5: FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Cash, Cash Equivalents and Marketable Securities | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
The following tables show our cash and available-for-sale securities’ amortized cost, gross unrealized gains, gross unrealized losses and fair value by significant investment category recorded as cash and cash equivalents or short and long-term marketable securities as of December 31, 2014 and December 31, 2013 (in millions): | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
31-Dec-14 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Cash and | Short-Term | Long-Term | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Amortized | Unrealized | Unrealized | Fair | Cash | Marketable | Marketable | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Cost | Gains | Losses | Value | Equivalents | Securities | Securities | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Cash | $ | 447 | $ | — | $ | — | $ | 447 | $ | 447 | $ | — | $ | — | |||||||||||||||
Level 1: | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Money market funds | 8 | — | — | 8 | 8 | — | — | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Level 2: | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
U.S. agency securities | 38 | — | — | 38 | — | 35 | 3 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Certificates of deposit | 8 | — | — | 8 | — | 8 | — | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Commercial paper | 1 | — | — | 1 | — | 1 | — | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Corporate debt securities | 92 | — | — | 92 | — | 64 | 28 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Subtotal | 139 | — | — | 139 | — | 108 | 31 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Total | $ | 594 | $ | — | $ | — | $ | 594 | $ | 455 | $ | 108 | $ | 31 | |||||||||||||||
31-Dec-13 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Cash and | Short-Term | Long-Term | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Amortized | Unrealized | Unrealized | Fair | Cash | Marketable | Marketable | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Cost | Gains | Losses | Value | Equivalents | Securities | Securities | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Cash | $ | 195 | $ | — | $ | — | $ | 195 | $ | 195 | $ | — | $ | — | |||||||||||||||
Level 1: | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Money market funds | 156 | — | — | 156 | 156 | — | — | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Level 2: | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
U.S. agency securities | 37 | — | — | 37 | — | 14 | 23 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Certificates of deposit | 23 | — | — | 23 | — | 16 | 7 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Commercial paper | 5 | — | — | 5 | — | 5 | — | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Corporate debt securities | 254 | — | — | 254 | — | 96 | 158 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Subtotal | 319 | — | — | 319 | — | 131 | 188 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Total | $ | 670 | $ | — | $ | — | $ | 670 | $ | 351 | $ | 131 | $ | 188 | |||||||||||||||
Our cash and cash equivalents consist of cash on hand in global financial institutions, money market funds and marketable securities, with maturities of 90 days or less at the date purchased. The remaining maturities of our long-term marketable securities range from one to three years and our short-term marketable securities include maturities that were greater than 90 days at the date purchased and have 12 months or less remaining at December 31, 2014 and 2013, respectively. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
We classify our cash equivalents and marketable securities within Level 1 and Level 2 as we value our cash equivalents and marketable securities using quoted market prices (Level 1) or alternative pricing sources (Level 2). The valuation technique we used to measure the fair value of money market funds were derived from quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities. Fair values for Level 2 investments are considered “Level 2” valuations because they are obtained from independent pricing sources for identical or comparable instruments, rather than direct observations of quoted prices in active markets. Our procedures include controls to ensure that appropriate fair values are recorded, including comparing the fair values obtained from our independent pricing services against fair values obtained from another independent source. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
There were no material realized gains or losses related to sales of our marketable securities for the years ended December 31, 2014, 2013 and 2012. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
As of December 31, 2014, we have marketable securities with a total fair value of $68 million currently in an unrealized loss position. The gross unrealized loss amount was not material at December 31, 2014. We consider the declines in market value of our marketable securities investment portfolio to be temporary in nature and do not consider any of our investments other-than-temporarily impaired. During the years ended December 31, 2014, 2013 and 2012, we did not recognize any impairment charges. We also did not have any material investments in marketable securities that were in a continuous unrealized loss position for 12 months or greater at December 31, 2014 or 2013. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Derivative Financial Instruments | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Our current forward contracts are not designated as hedges and have current maturities of less than 90 days. Consequently, any gain or loss resulting from the change in fair value was recognized in our consolidated statement of operations. All gains and losses recorded to other, net on the consolidated statement of operations for the years ended December 31, 2014, 2013, and 2012 were not material. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
The following table shows the notional principal amounts of our outstanding derivative instruments that are not designated as hedging instruments for the periods presented: | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
December 31, | December 31, | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
2014 | 2013 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
(in millions) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Foreign exchange-forward contracts (1)(2) | $ | 20 | $ | 5 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
-1 | Derivative contracts address foreign exchange fluctuations for the Euro versus the U.S. Dollar. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
-2 | The fair value of our derivatives are not material for all periods presented and are reported as liabilities in accrued and other current liabilities on our consolidated balance sheets. We measure the fair value of our outstanding or unsettled derivatives using Level 2 fair value inputs, as we use a pricing model that takes into account the contract terms as well as current foreign currency exchange rates in active markets. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Concentration of Credit Risk | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Counterparties to currency exchange derivatives consist of major international financial institutions. We monitor our positions and the credit ratings of the counterparties involved and, by policy limits, the amount of credit exposure to any one party. While we may be exposed to potential losses due to the credit risk of non-performance by these counterparties, losses are not anticipated and any credit risk amounts associated with our outstanding or unsettled derivative instruments are deemed to be not material for any period presented. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Other Financial Instruments | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Other financial instruments not measured at fair value on a recurring basis include trade receivables, trade payables, deferred merchant payables, short-term debt, accrued and other current liabilities and long-term debt. With the exception of long-term debt, the carrying amount approximates fair value because of the short maturity of these instruments as reported on the consolidated balance sheets as of December 31, 2014 and December 31, 2013. The carrying value of the long-term borrowings outstanding on our Credit Agreement bears interest at a variable rate and therefore is also considered to approximate fair value. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
We did not have any Level 3 assets or liabilities at December 31, 2014 or 2013. |
Property_and_Equipment_Net
Property and Equipment, Net | 12 Months Ended | ||||||||
Dec. 31, 2014 | |||||||||
Property Plant And Equipment [Abstract] | |||||||||
Property and Equipment, Net | NOTE 6: PROPERTY AND EQUIPMENT, NET | ||||||||
Property and equipment consists of the following for the periods presented: | |||||||||
December 31, | December 31, | ||||||||
2014 | 2013 | ||||||||
(in millions) | |||||||||
Capitalized software and website development | $ | 104 | $ | 73 | |||||
Leasehold improvements | 40 | 22 | |||||||
Computer equipment | 31 | 21 | |||||||
Furniture, office equipment and other | 11 | 6 | |||||||
186 | 122 | ||||||||
Less: accumulated depreciation | (77 | ) | (48 | ) | |||||
Construction in progress (1) | 86 | 8 | |||||||
Property and equipment, net | $ | 195 | $ | 82 | |||||
-1 | We capitalize construction in progress for build-to-suit lease agreements where we are considered the owner, for accounting purposes only, during the construction period. These amounts represent construction costs to date incurred by the landlord and the Company related to our future corporate headquarters in Needham, MA. During the years ended December 31, 2014 and 2013, we capitalized $52 million and $8 million, respectively, in non-cash construction costs which were incurred by the landlord, with a corresponding liability recorded in other long-term liabilities, and in addition, we capitalized $26 million in normal and structural tenant improvements on our consolidated balance sheet incurred by the Company. Refer to “Note 12 – Commitments and Contingencies,” for additional information on our future corporate headquarters lease. | ||||||||
As of December 31, 2014 and 2013, our recorded capitalized software and website development costs, net of accumulated amortization, were $61 million and $46 million, respectively. For the years ended December 31, 2014 and 2013, we capitalized $47 million and $38 million, respectively, related to software and website development costs. For the years ended December 31, 2014, 2013 and 2012, we recorded amortization of capitalized software and website development costs of $30 million, $20 million and $13 million, respectively, which is included in depreciation expense on our consolidated statements of operations for those years. | |||||||||
During the year ended December 31, 2014, we retired and disposed of property and equipment, primarily capitalized software and website development, which were no longer in use with a total cost of $22 million and associated accumulated depreciation of $20 million, resulting in a loss of $2 million included in operating income on our consolidated statements of operations. |
Goodwill_and_Intangible_Assets
Goodwill and Intangible Assets, Net | 12 Months Ended | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Dec. 31, 2014 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Goodwill And Intangible Assets Disclosure [Abstract] | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Goodwill and Intangible Assets, Net | NOTE 7: GOODWILL AND INTANGIBLE ASSETS, NET | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
The following table summarizes our goodwill activity by segment for the periods presented: | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
TripAdvisor | Hotel | Other | Consolidated | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
(in millions) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Balance as of December 31, 2012 | $ | 472 | $ | - | $ | - | $ | 472 | |||||||||||||||||||||
Additions (1) | 30 | - | - | 30 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Balance as of December 31, 2013 | $ | 502 | $ | - | $ | - | $ | 502 | |||||||||||||||||||||
Additions (1) | 253 | - | - | 253 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Other adjustments (2) | (21 | ) | - | - | (21 | ) | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Allocation to new segments (3) | (734 | ) | 442 | 292 | - | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Ending balance as of December 31, 2014 | $ | - | $ | 442 | $ | 292 | $ | 734 | |||||||||||||||||||||
-1 | The additions to goodwill relate to our business acquisitions. See “Note 3— Acquisitions,” for further information. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
-2 | Primarily related to impact of changes in foreign exchange rates to goodwill. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
-3 | See “Note 16—Segments and Geographic Information” for information on our reporting segment changes in the fourth quarter of 2014. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Intangible assets, which were acquired in business combinations and recorded at fair value on the date of purchase, consist of the following for the periods presented: | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
December 31, | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
2014 | 2013 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
(in millions) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Intangible assets with definite lives | $ | 202 | $ | 36 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Less: accumulated amortization | (18 | ) | (14 | ) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Intangible assets with definite lives, net | 184 | 22 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Intangible assets with indefinite lives | 30 | 30 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
$ | 214 | $ | 52 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Amortization expense was $18 million, $6 million, and $6 million, respectively, for the years ended December 31, 2014, 2013 and 2012. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Our indefinite-lived assets relate to trade names and trademarks. Refer to “Note 2— Significant Accounting Policies” above for a discussion of our annual indefinite-lived intangible asset impairment assessment. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
The following table presents the components of our intangible assets with definite lives for the periods presented: | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
December 31, 2014 | December 31, 2013 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Weighted Average | Gross | Net | Gross | Net | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Remaining Life | Carrying | Accumulated | Carrying | Carrying | Accumulated | Carrying | |||||||||||||||||||||||
(in years) | Amount | Amortization | Amount | Amount | Amortization | Amount | |||||||||||||||||||||||
(in millions) | (in millions) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Trade names and trademarks | 9.4 | $ | 52 | $ | (5 | ) | $ | 47 | $ | 18 | $ | (7 | ) | $ | 11 | ||||||||||||||
Customer lists and supplier relationships | 6.8 | 77 | (5 | ) | 72 | - | - | - | |||||||||||||||||||||
Subscriber relationships | 5.5 | 31 | (4 | ) | 27 | 14 | (6 | ) | 8 | ||||||||||||||||||||
Technology and other | 4.5 | 42 | (4 | ) | 38 | 4 | (1 | ) | 3 | ||||||||||||||||||||
Total | 6.8 | $ | 202 | $ | (18 | ) | $ | 184 | $ | 36 | $ | (14 | ) | $ | 22 | ||||||||||||||
Refer to “Note 3— Acquisitions” above for a discussion of definite lived intangible assets acquired in business combinations during the years ended December 31, 2014 and 2013. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Intangible assets with definite lives are amortized on a straight-line basis. The estimated amortization expense for intangible assets with definite lives for each of the next five years, and the expense thereafter, assuming no subsequent impairment of the underlying assets, is expected to be as follows (in millions): | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
2015 | $ | 31 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
2016 | 31 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
2017 | 29 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
2018 | 27 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
2019 | 24 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
2020 and thereafter | 42 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Total | $ | 184 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Debt
Debt | 12 Months Ended | ||||||||
Dec. 31, 2014 | |||||||||
Debt Disclosure [Abstract] | |||||||||
Debt | NOTE 8: DEBT | ||||||||
Term Loan Facility Due 2016 and Revolving Credit Facility | |||||||||
Overview | |||||||||
On December 20, 2011, we entered into a credit agreement, by and among TripAdvisor, TripAdvisor Holdings, LLC, and TripAdvisor LLC, the lenders party thereto, JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A., as administrative agent, and J.P. Morgan Europe Limited, as London agent (this credit agreement, together with all exhibits, schedules, annexes, certificates, assignments and related documents contemplated thereby, is referred to herein as the “Credit Agreement”), which provides $600 million of borrowing including: | |||||||||
· | the Term Loan Facility, or Term Loan, in an aggregate principal amount of $400 million with a term of five years due December 2016; and | ||||||||
· | the Revolving Credit Facility in an aggregate principal amount of $200 million available in U.S. dollars, Euros and British pound sterling with a term of five years expiring December 2016. | ||||||||
The Term Loan and any loans under the Revolving Credit Facility bear interest by reference to a base rate or a Eurocurrency rate, in either case plus an applicable margin based on our leverage ratio. We are also required to pay a quarterly commitment fee, on the average daily unused portion of the Revolving Credit Facility for each fiscal quarter and fees in connection with the issuance of letters of credit. The Term Loan and loans under the Revolving Credit Facility currently bear interest at LIBOR plus 150 basis points, or the Eurocurrency Spread, or the alternate base rate (“ABR”) plus 50 basis points, and undrawn amounts are currently subject to a commitment fee of 22.5 basis points. As of December 31, 2014 and 2013, we were using a one-month interest period Eurocurrency Spread which is approximately 1.7% per annum. Interest is currently payable on a monthly basis while we are borrowing under the one-month interest rate period. The current interest rates are based on current assumptions, leverage and LIBOR rates and do not take into account that rates will reset periodically. | |||||||||
The Term Loan principal is currently repayable in quarterly installments on the last day of each calendar quarter equal to 2.5% of the original principal amount with the balance due on the final maturity date. Principal payments aggregating $40 million were made during the year ended December 31, 2014. | |||||||||
The Revolving Credit Facility includes $40 million of borrowing capacity available for letters of credit and $40 million for borrowings on same-day notice. As of December 31, 2014 there are no outstanding borrowings under our Revolving Credit Facility. As of December 31, 2014 there were $1 million of outstanding letters of credit against the Revolving Credit Facility. | |||||||||
During the years ended December 31, 2014, 2013 and 2012, we recorded total interest and commitment fees on our Credit Agreement of $6 million, $8 million and $9 million, respectively, to interest expense on our consolidated statements of operations. All unpaid interest and commitment fee amounts as of December 31, 2014 and 2013 were not material. | |||||||||
In connection with the Credit Agreement, we also incurred debt financing costs totaling $3.5 million, which were initially capitalized as deferred financing costs. During the years ended December 31, 2014, 2013 and 2012, we recorded amortization expense of $1 million, respectively, to interest expense on our consolidated statements of operations. These costs will continue to be amortized over the remaining term of the Term Loan using the effective interest rate method. | |||||||||
Total outstanding borrowings under the Credit Agreement consist of the following: | |||||||||
December 31, | December 31, | ||||||||
2014 | 2013 | ||||||||
(in millions) | |||||||||
Short-Term Debt: | |||||||||
Term Loan | $ | 40 | $ | 40 | |||||
Total Short-Term Borrowings | $ | 40 | $ | 40 | |||||
Long-Term Debt: | |||||||||
Term Loan | $ | 260 | $ | 300 | |||||
Total Long-Term Borrowings | $ | 260 | $ | 300 | |||||
The future minimum principal payment obligations due under the Credit Agreement related to our Term Loan is as follows: | |||||||||
Principal Payments | |||||||||
December 31, | (in millions) | ||||||||
2015 | $ | 40 | |||||||
2016 | 260 | ||||||||
Total | $ | 300 | |||||||
Prepayments | |||||||||
We may voluntarily repay any outstanding borrowing under the Credit Agreement at any time without premium or penalty, other than customary breakage costs with respect to Eurocurrency loans. | |||||||||
Guarantees | |||||||||
All obligations under the Credit Agreement are unconditionally guaranteed by us and each of our existing and subsequently acquired or organized direct or indirect wholly-owned domestic and foreign restricted subsidiaries, subject to certain exceptions for subsidiaries that are controlled foreign corporations, foreign subsidiaries in jurisdictions where applicable law would otherwise be violated, and non-material subsidiaries. | |||||||||
Covenants | |||||||||
The Credit Agreement contains a number of covenants that, among other things, restrict our ability to: incur additional indebtedness, create liens, enter into sale and leaseback transactions, engage in mergers or consolidations, sell or transfer assets, pay dividends and distributions, make investments, loans or advances, prepay certain subordinated indebtedness, make certain acquisitions, engage in certain transactions with affiliates, amend material agreements governing certain subordinated indebtedness, and change our fiscal year. The Credit Agreement also requires us to maintain a maximum leverage ratio and a minimum cash interest coverage ratio, and contains certain customary affirmative covenants and events of default, including a change of control. If an event of default occurs, the lenders under the Credit Agreement will be entitled to take various actions, including the acceleration of all amounts due under Credit Agreement and all actions permitted to be taken by a secured creditor. | |||||||||
As of December 31, 2014 we are in compliance with all of our debt covenants. | |||||||||
Chinese Credit Facilities | |||||||||
In addition to our borrowings under the Credit Agreement, we maintain our Chinese Credit Facilities. As of December 31, 2014 and 2013, we had short-term borrowings outstanding of $38 million and $28 million, respectively. | |||||||||
Certain of our Chinese subsidiaries are entered into a RMB 189,000,000 (approximately $30 million), one-year revolving credit facility with Bank of America (the “Chinese Credit Facility—BOA”) that is currently subject to review on a periodic basis with no-specific expiration period. We had $19 million of outstanding borrowings from the Chinese Credit Facility—BOA as of December 31, 2014. Our Chinese Credit Facility—BOA currently bears interest at a 100% of the People’s Bank of China’s base rate which was 5.6% as of December 31, 2014. | |||||||||
In addition, certain of our Chinese subsidiaries are entered into a RMB 125,000,000 (approximately $20 million) one-year revolving credit facility with J.P. Morgan Chase Bank (“Chinese Credit Facility-JPM”). We had $19 million of outstanding borrowings from the Chinese Credit Facility—JPM as of December 31, 2014. Our Chinese Credit Facility—JPM currently bears interest at a 100% of the People’s Bank of China’s base rate which was 5.6% as of December 31, 2014. | |||||||||
Income_Taxes
Income Taxes | 12 Months Ended | ||||||||||||
Dec. 31, 2014 | |||||||||||||
Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract] | |||||||||||||
Income Taxes | NOTE 9: INCOME TAXES | ||||||||||||
The following table presents a summary of our domestic and foreign income before income taxes: | |||||||||||||
Year Ended December 31, | |||||||||||||
2014 | 2013 | 2012 | |||||||||||
(in millions) | |||||||||||||
Domestic | $ | 146 | $ | 129 | $ | 133 | |||||||
Foreign | 176 | 155 | 149 | ||||||||||
Total | $ | 322 | $ | 284 | $ | 282 | |||||||
The following table presents a summary of the components of our provision for income taxes: | |||||||||||||
Year Ended December 31, | |||||||||||||
2014 | 2013 | 2012 | |||||||||||
(in millions) | |||||||||||||
Current income tax expense: | |||||||||||||
Federal | $ | 93 | $ | 48 | $ | 56 | |||||||
State | 14 | 9 | 6 | ||||||||||
Foreign | 6 | 17 | 30 | ||||||||||
Current income tax expense | 113 | 74 | 92 | ||||||||||
Deferred income tax (benefit) expense: | |||||||||||||
Federal | (12 | ) | 6 | (3 | ) | ||||||||
State | (1 | ) | 1 | — | |||||||||
Foreign | (4 | ) | (2 | ) | (2 | ) | |||||||
Deferred income tax (benefit) expense: | (17 | ) | 5 | (5 | ) | ||||||||
Provision for income taxes | $ | 96 | $ | 79 | $ | 87 | |||||||
As of December 31, 2014, our current income tax receivable and income tax payable balances represent amounts that we will receive and pay, respectively, to the Internal Revenue Service and other tax authorities. | |||||||||||||
Our deferred tax assets and deferred tax liabilities as of December 31, 2014 and 2013 are as follows: | |||||||||||||
December 31, | |||||||||||||
2014 | 2013 | ||||||||||||
(in millions) | |||||||||||||
Deferred tax assets: | |||||||||||||
Stock-based compensation | $ | 43 | $ | 30 | |||||||||
Net operating loss carryforwards | 34 | 18 | |||||||||||
Provision for accrued expenses | 13 | 7 | |||||||||||
Deferred rent | 5 | — | |||||||||||
Build-to-suit lease | 26 | — | |||||||||||
Foreign advertising spend | 9 | — | |||||||||||
Other | 5 | 4 | |||||||||||
Total deferred tax assets | $ | 135 | $ | 59 | |||||||||
Less: valuation allowance | (19 | ) | (13 | ) | |||||||||
Net deferred tax assets | $ | 116 | $ | 46 | |||||||||
Deferred tax liabilities: | |||||||||||||
Intangible assets | $ | (88 | ) | $ | (32 | ) | |||||||
Property and equipment | (25 | ) | (18 | ) | |||||||||
Prepaid expenses | (4 | ) | (2 | ) | |||||||||
Lease financing obligation | (26 | ) | — | ||||||||||
Other | (1 | ) | (2 | ) | |||||||||
Total deferred tax liabilities | $ | (144 | ) | $ | (54 | ) | |||||||
Net deferred tax liability | $ | (28 | ) | $ | (8 | ) | |||||||
At December 31, 2014, we had federal, state and foreign net operating loss carryforwards (“NOLs”) of approximately $42 million, $36 million and $84 million. If not utilized, the federal and state NOLs will expire at various times between 2020 and 2034 and the foreign NOLs will expire at various times between 2015 and 2034. | |||||||||||||
At December 31, 2014, we had a valuation allowance of $19 million primarily related to foreign net operating loss carryforwards for which it is more likely than not that the tax benefit will not be realized. This amount represented an overall increase of $6 million over the amount recorded as of December 31, 2013. The increase is primarily due to additional foreign advertising spend, offset by expiring foreign net operating losses. Except for certain deferred tax assets, we expect to realize all of our deferred tax assets based on a strong history of earnings in the US and other jurisdictions, as well as future reversals of taxable temporary differences. | |||||||||||||
We have not provided for deferred U.S. income taxes on undistributed earnings of our foreign subsidiaries that we intend to reinvest permanently outside the United States; the total amount of such earnings as of December 31, 2014 was $630 million. Should we distribute or be treated under certain U.S. tax rules as having distributed earnings of foreign subsidiaries in the form of dividends or otherwise, we may be subject to U.S. income taxes. Due to complexities in tax laws and various assumptions that would have to be made, it is not practicable at this time to estimate the amount of unrecognized deferred U.S. taxes on these earnings. | |||||||||||||
A reconciliation of the provision for income taxes to the amounts computed by applying the statutory federal income tax rate to income before income taxes is as follows: | |||||||||||||
Year Ended December 31, | |||||||||||||
2014 | 2013 | 2012 | |||||||||||
(in millions) | |||||||||||||
Income tax expense at the federal statutory rate of 35% | $ | 113 | $ | 100 | $ | 99 | |||||||
Foreign rate differential | (49 | ) | (41 | ) | (25 | ) | |||||||
State income taxes, net of effect of federal tax benefit | 13 | 8 | 5 | ||||||||||
Unrecognized tax benefits and related interest | 14 | 9 | 5 | ||||||||||
Non-deductible transaction costs | 1 | — | — | ||||||||||
Change in valuation allowance | 5 | 2 | 2 | ||||||||||
Other, net | (1 | ) | 1 | 1 | |||||||||
Provision for income taxes | $ | 96 | $ | 79 | $ | 87 | |||||||
During 2011, the Singapore Economic Development Board accepted our application to receive a tax incentive under the International Headquarters Award. This incentive provides for a reduced tax rate on qualifying income of 5% as compared to Singapore’s statutory tax rate of 17% and is conditional upon our meeting certain employment and investment thresholds. This agreement is set to expire on June 30, 2016, with the ability to extend for another five years. This benefit resulted in a decrease to the 2014 tax provision of $6 million or an incremental $0.04 to Diluted EPS for 2014. | |||||||||||||
By virtue of previously filed consolidated income tax returns filed with Expedia, we are currently under an IRS audit for the 2009 and 2010 tax years, and have various ongoing state income tax audits. We are separately under audit for the 2012 tax year. As of December 31, 2014, no material assessments have resulted from these audits. These audits include questioning of the timing and the amount of income and deductions and the allocation of income among various tax jurisdictions. Annual tax provisions include amounts considered sufficient to pay assessments that may result from the examination of prior year returns. We are no longer subject to tax examinations by tax authorities for years prior to 2007. | |||||||||||||
A reconciliation of the beginning and ending amount of gross unrecognized tax benefits (excluding interest and penalties) is as follows: | |||||||||||||
December 31, | |||||||||||||
2014 | 2013 | 2012 | |||||||||||
(in millions) | |||||||||||||
Balance, beginning of year | $ | 36 | $ | 24 | $ | 13 | |||||||
Increases to tax positions related to the current year | 13 | 12 | 12 | ||||||||||
Increases to tax positions related to the prior year | 18 | 4 | — | ||||||||||
Reductions due to lapsed statute of limitations | — | — | — | ||||||||||
Decreases to tax positions related to the prior year | — | (4 | ) | — | |||||||||
Settlements during current year | — | — | (1 | ) | |||||||||
Balance, end of year | $ | 67 | $ | 36 | $ | 24 | |||||||
As of December 31, 2014, we had $67 million of unrecognized tax benefits, net of interest, which is classified as long-term and included in other long-term liabilities. Of this amount, approximately $65 million would affect the effective tax rate if recognized, while $2 million would affect goodwill. We recognize interest and penalties related to unrecognized tax benefits in income tax expense. As of December 31, 2014 and 2013, total gross interest accrued was $4 million and $2 million, respectively. We estimate that approximately $1 million will be paid within the next year related to audits. | |||||||||||||
Accrued_Expenses_and_Other_Cur
Accrued Expenses and Other Current Liabilities | 12 Months Ended | ||||||||
Dec. 31, 2014 | |||||||||
Payables And Accruals [Abstract] | |||||||||
Accrued Expenses and Other Current Liabilities | NOTE 10: ACCRUED EXPENSES AND OTHER CURRENT LIABILITIES | ||||||||
Accrued expenses and other current liabilities consisted of the following for the periods presented: | |||||||||
December 31, | December 31, | ||||||||
2014 | 2013 | ||||||||
(in millions) | |||||||||
Accrued salary, bonus, and related benefits | $ | 41 | $ | 35 | |||||
Accrued marketing costs | 24 | 22 | |||||||
Accrued charitable foundation payments (1) | 9 | 7 | |||||||
Other | 40 | 22 | |||||||
Total accrued expenses and other current liabilities | $ | 114 | $ | 86 | |||||
-1 | See “Note 12— Commitments and Contingencies” for information regarding our charitable foundation. | ||||||||
Other_LongTerm_Liabilities
Other Long-Term Liabilities | 12 Months Ended | ||||||||
Dec. 31, 2014 | |||||||||
Other Liabilities Noncurrent [Abstract] | |||||||||
Other Long-Term Liabilities | NOTE 11: OTHER LONG-TERM LIABILITIES | ||||||||
Other long-term liabilities consisted of the following for the periods presented: | |||||||||
December 31, | December 31, | ||||||||
2014 | 2013 | ||||||||
(in millions) | |||||||||
Unrecognized tax benefits (1) | $ | 68 | $ | 38 | |||||
Construction liabilities (2) | 67 | 8 | |||||||
Other (3) | 19 | 6 | |||||||
Total other long-term liabilities | $ | 154 | $ | 52 | |||||
-1 | See “Note 9—Income Taxes” for additional information on our unrecognized tax benefits. Amount includes accrued interest related to this liability. | ||||||||
-2 | We capitalize construction in progress and record a corresponding long-term liability for build-to-suit lease agreements where we are considered the owner during the construction period for accounting purposes only. Refer to “Note 12 – Commitments and Contingencies,” for additional information on our future corporate headquarters lease. | ||||||||
-3 | Amounts primarily consist of long term deferred rent balances related to operating leases for office space. |
Commitments_and_Contingencies
Commitments and Contingencies | 12 Months Ended | ||||||||||||||||||||
Dec. 31, 2014 | |||||||||||||||||||||
Commitments And Contingencies Disclosure [Abstract] | |||||||||||||||||||||
Commitments and Contingencies | NOTE 12: COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES | ||||||||||||||||||||
We have material commitments and obligations that include office space leases and expected interest on long-term debt, which are not accrued on the consolidated balance sheet at December 31, 2014 but we expect to require future cash outflows. | |||||||||||||||||||||
Office Lease Commitments | |||||||||||||||||||||
We have contractual obligations in the form of operating leases for office space for which we record the related expense on a monthly basis. Certain leases contain periodic rent escalation adjustments and renewal options. Rent expense related to such leases is recorded on a straight-line basis. Operating lease obligations expire at various dates with the latest maturity in December 2030. For the years ended December 31, 2014, 2013 and 2012, we recorded rental expense of $17 million, $11 million and $8 million, respectively. | |||||||||||||||||||||
We currently lease approximately 119,000 square feet for our corporate headquarters in Newton, Massachusetts, pursuant to a lease with an expiration date of April 2015. We are in the process of negotiating an extension of this lease until mid-2015. | |||||||||||||||||||||
Transition to New Corporate Headquarters | |||||||||||||||||||||
In June 2013, TripAdvisor LLC (“TA LLC”), our indirect, wholly owned subsidiary, entered into a lease (the “Lease”), for a new corporate headquarters. Pursuant to the Lease, the landlord will build an approximately 280,000 square foot rental building in Needham, Massachusetts (the “Premises”), and thereafter lease the Premises to TA LLC as TripAdvisor’s new corporate headquarters for an initial term of 15 years and 7 months. If the landlord fails to deliver the Premises according to the schedule, subject to certain conditions, TA LLC may be entitled to additional free rent, or in extreme cases, a right to terminate the Lease. Under the Lease, TA LLC is required to pay an initial base rent of $33.00 per square foot per year, increasing to $34.50 per square foot by the final year of the initial term, as well as all real estate taxes and other building operating costs. TA LLC also has an option to extend the term of the Lease for two consecutive terms of five years each. | |||||||||||||||||||||
The aggregate future minimum lease payments are $143 million and are currently scheduled to be paid, beginning in November 2015, as follows: $1 million for 2015, $9 million for 2016, $9 million for 2017, $9 million for 2018, $9 million for 2019 and $106 million for 2020 and thereafter. The Lease has escalating rental payments and initial periods of free rent. TA LLC was also obligated to deliver a letter of credit to the Landlord in the amount of $1 million as security deposit, which amount is subject to increase under certain circumstances. TA LLC also has an option to extend the term of the Lease for two consecutive terms of five years each. Subject to certain conditions, TA LLC has certain rights under the Lease, including rights of first offer to lease additional space or to purchase the Premises if the Landlord elects to sell. In connection with the Lease, TripAdvisor entered into a Guaranty (the “Guaranty”), pursuant to which TripAdvisor provides full payment and performance guaranty for all of TA LLC’s obligations under the Lease. | |||||||||||||||||||||
We have concluded we are the deemed owner (for accounting purposes only) of the Premises during the construction period under build to suit lease accounting. Building construction began in the fourth quarter of 2013. Since construction began, we have recorded estimated project construction costs incurred by the landlord as a construction in progress asset and a corresponding long term liability in “Property and equipment, net” and “Other long-term liabilities,” respectively, on our consolidated balance sheets. We will continue to increase the asset and corresponding long term liability as additional building costs are incurred by the landlord during the construction period. In addition, the amounts that the Company has paid or incurred for normal tenant improvements and structural improvements have also been recorded to the construction-in-progress asset. | |||||||||||||||||||||
Once the landlord completes the construction of the Premises (estimated to be mid 2015), we will evaluate the Lease in order to determine whether or not the Lease meets the criteria for “sale-leaseback” treatment under GAAP. If the Lease meets the “sale-leaseback” criteria, we will remove the asset and the related liability from our consolidated balance sheet and treat the Lease as either an operating or capital lease based on the our assessment of the accounting guidance. However, we currently expect that upon completion of construction of the Premises that the Lease will not meet the "sale-leaseback" criteria. | |||||||||||||||||||||
If the Lease does not meet “sale-leaseback” criteria, we will treat the Lease as a financing obligation and lease payments will be attributed to (1) a reduction of the principal financing obligation; (2) imputed interest expense; and (3) land lease expense (which is considered an operating lease) representing an imputed cost to lease the underlying land of the facility. In addition, the underlying building asset will be depreciated over the initial term of the lease. And at the conclusion of the lease term, we would de-recognize both the net book values of the asset and financing obligation. Although we will not begin making lease payments pursuant to the Lease until November 2015, the portion of the lease obligations allocated to the land is treated for accounting purposes as an operating lease that commenced in 2013. | |||||||||||||||||||||
Additional United States and International Locations | |||||||||||||||||||||
We also lease an aggregate of approximately 470,000 square feet at approximately 40 other locations across North America, Europe and Asia Pacific, in cities such as, New York, Boston, London, and Beijing, primarily for our sales offices, subsidiary headquarters, and international management teams, pursuant to leases with expiration dates through November 2024. | |||||||||||||||||||||
The following table summarizes our material commitments and obligations as of December 31, 2014 and excludes amounts already recorded on the consolidated balance sheet: | |||||||||||||||||||||
By Period | |||||||||||||||||||||
Total | Less than | 1 to 3 years | 3 to 5 years | More than | |||||||||||||||||
1 year | 5 years | ||||||||||||||||||||
(in millions) | |||||||||||||||||||||
Operating leases (1) | $ | 114 | $ | 19 | $ | 27 | $ | 26 | $ | 42 | |||||||||||
Build to suit lease obligation (2) | 143 | 1 | 18 | 18 | 106 | ||||||||||||||||
Expected interest payments on Term Loan (3) | 9 | 5 | 4 | — | — | ||||||||||||||||
Total (4)(5)(6)(7) | $ | 266 | $ | 25 | $ | 49 | $ | 44 | $ | 148 | |||||||||||
-1 | Estimated future minimum rental payments under operating leases with non-cancelable lease terms. | ||||||||||||||||||||
-2 | Estimated future minimum rental payments for our future corporate headquarters in Needham, MA. | ||||||||||||||||||||
-3 | The amounts included as expected interest payments on the Term Loan in this table are based on the current effective interest rate and payment terms as of December 31, 2014, but, could change significantly in the future. Amounts assume that our existing debt is repaid at maturity and do not assume additional borrowings or refinancings of existing debt. Refer to “Note 8— Debt” for additional information, including principal payments expected to be paid over the next two years, on our Term Loan. | ||||||||||||||||||||
-4 | Excluded from the table was $68 million of unrecognized tax benefits, including accrued interest, that we have recorded in other long-term liabilities for which we cannot make a reasonably reliable estimate of the amount and period of payment. We estimate that approximately $1 million will be paid within the next twelve months. | ||||||||||||||||||||
-5 | Excluded from the table is our obligation to fund a charitable foundation. The Board of Directors of the charitable foundation is currently comprised of Stephen Kaufer- President and Chief Executive Officer, Julie M.B. Bradley-Chief Financial Officer and Seth J. Kalvert- Senior Vice President, General Counsel and Secretary. Our obligation was calculated at 2.0% of OIBA in 2014. For a discussion regarding OIBA see “Note 16— Segment and Geographic Information” in the notes to the consolidated financial statements. This future commitment has been excluded from the table above. | ||||||||||||||||||||
-6 | Excludes spending on anticipated leasehold improvements on our Needham, Massachusetts lease, including design, development, construction costs, and the purchase and installation of equipment, net of related landlord incentives, which we estimate will be in the range of $25-$30 million primarily incurred during the first six months of 2015. | ||||||||||||||||||||
-7 | Excludes current liabilities already recorded on the consolidated balance sheet at December 31, 2014, as these liabilities are expected to be paid within one year. | ||||||||||||||||||||
Letters of Credit | |||||||||||||||||||||
As of December 31, 2014, we have issued unused letters of credit totaling $1 million, related to our property leases. | |||||||||||||||||||||
Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements | |||||||||||||||||||||
We did not have any off-balance sheet arrangements, as defined in Item 303(a)(4)(ii) of Regulation S-K of the SEC, that have, or are reasonably likely to have, a current or future effect on our financial condition, results of operations, liquidity, capital expenditures or capital resources at December 31, 2014. | |||||||||||||||||||||
Legal Proceedings | |||||||||||||||||||||
In the ordinary course of business, we and our subsidiaries are parties to legal proceedings and claims involving alleged infringement of third-party intellectual property rights, defamation, and other claims. Rules of the SEC require the description of material pending legal proceedings, other than ordinary, routine litigation incident to the registrant’s business, and advise that proceedings ordinarily need not be described if they primarily involve damages claims for amounts (exclusive of interest and costs) not individually exceeding 10% of the current assets of the registrant and its subsidiaries on a consolidated basis. In the judgment of management, none of the pending litigation matters that the Company and its subsidiaries are defending involves or is likely to involve amounts of that magnitude. There may be claims or actions pending or threatened against us of which we are currently not aware and the ultimate disposition of which could have a material adverse effect on us. |
Employee_Benefit_Plans
Employee Benefit Plans | 12 Months Ended |
Dec. 31, 2014 | |
Compensation And Retirement Disclosure [Abstract] | |
Employee Benefit Plans | NOTE 13: EMPLOYEE BENEFIT PLANS |
Retirement Savings Plan | |
The TripAdvisor Retirement Savings Plan (the “401(k) Plan”), qualifies under Section 401(k) of the Internal Revenue Code. The 401(k) Plan allows participating employees, most of our U.S. employees, to make contributions of a specified percentage of their eligible compensation. Participating employees may contribute up to 50% of their eligible salary on a pre-tax basis, but not more than statutory limits. Employee-participants age 50 and over may also contribute an additional amount of their salary on a pre-tax tax basis up to the IRS Catch-Up Provision Limit. Employees may also contribute into the 401(k) Plan on an after-tax basis up to an annual maximum of 10%. The 401(k) Plan has an automatic enrollment feature at 3% pre-tax. We match 50% of the first 6% of employee contributions to the plan for a maximum employer contribution of 3% of a participant’s eligible earnings. The “catch up contributions”, are not eligible for employer matching contributions. The matching contributions portion of an employee’s account, vests after two years of service. Effective June 8, 2012 the 401(k) Plan permits certain after-tax Roth 401(k) contributions. Additionally, at the end of the 401 (k) Plan year, we make a discretionary matching contribution to eligible participants. This additional discretionary matching employer contribution referred to as “true up” is limited to match only contributions up to 3% of eligible compensation. | |
We also have various defined contribution plans for our international employees. Our contribution to the 401(k) Plan and our international defined contribution plans was $5 million, $5 million, and $3 million for the years ended December 31, 2014, 2013 and 2012, respectively. | |
TripAdvisor, Inc. Deferred Compensation Plan for Non-Employee Directors | |
On December 20, 2011, the TripAdvisor, Inc. Deferred Compensation Plan for Non-Employee Directors (the “Plan”) became effective. Under the Plan, eligible directors who defer their directors’ fees may elect to have such deferred fees (i) applied to the purchase of share units, representing the number of shares of our common stock that could have been purchased on the date such fees would otherwise be payable, or (ii) credited to a cash fund. The cash fund will be credited with interest at an annual rate equal to the weighted average prime or base lending rate of a financial institution selected in accordance with the terms of the Plan and applicable law. Upon termination of service as a director of TripAdvisor, a director will receive (i) with respect to share units, such number of shares of our common stock as the share units represent, and (ii) with respect to the cash fund, a cash payment. Payments upon termination will be made in either one lump sum or up to five annual installments, as elected by the eligible director at the time of the deferral election. | |
Under the 2011 Incentive Plan, 100,000 shares of TripAdvisor common stock are available for issuance to non-employee directors. From the inception of the Plan through December 31, 2014, a total of 557 shares have been reserved for such purpose. |
Stockholders_Equity
Stockholders' Equity | 12 Months Ended | ||||||||
Dec. 31, 2014 | |||||||||
Equity [Abstract] | |||||||||
Stockholders' Equity | NOTE 14: STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY | ||||||||
Preferred Stock | |||||||||
In addition to common stock, we are authorized to issue up to 100 million preferred shares, with $ 0.001 par value per share, with terms determined by our Board of Directors, without further action by our stockholders. At December 31, 2014, no preferred shares had been issued. | |||||||||
Common Stock and Class B Common Stock | |||||||||
Our authorized common stock consists of 1.6 billion shares of common stock with par value of $0.001 per share, and 400 million shares of Class B common stock with par value of $0.001 per share. Both classes of common stock qualify for and share equally in dividends, if declared by our Board of Directors. Common stock is entitled to one vote per share and Class B common stock is entitled to 10 votes per share on most matters. Holders of TripAdvisor common stock, acting as a single class, are entitled to elect a number of directors equal to 25% percent of the total number of directors, rounded up to the next whole number, which was three directors as of December 31, 2014. Class B common stockholders may, at any time, convert their shares into common stock, on a one for one share basis. Upon conversion, the Class B common stock is retired and is not available for reissue. In the event of liquidation, dissolution, distribution of assets or winding-up of TripAdvisor the holders of both classes of common stock have equal rights to receive all the assets of TripAdvisor after the rights of the holders of the preferred stock have been satisfied. There were 132,315,465 and 130,121,292 shares of common stock issued and outstanding, respectively, at December 31, 2014 and 12,799,999 shares of Class B common stock issued and outstanding at December 31, 2014. | |||||||||
Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) | |||||||||
Accumulated other comprehensive loss is primarily comprised of accumulated foreign currency translation adjustments, as follows for the periods presented: | |||||||||
December 31, | December 31, | ||||||||
2014 | 2013 | ||||||||
(In millions) | |||||||||
Cumulative foreign currency translation adjustments (1) | $ | (31 | ) | $ | — | ||||
Total accumulated other comprehensive loss | $ | (31 | ) | $ | — | ||||
-1 | We consider our foreign subsidiary earnings indefinitely reinvested; therefore; deferred taxes are not provided on foreign currency translation adjustments. | ||||||||
Treasury Stock | |||||||||
On February 15, 2013, our Board of Directors authorized the repurchase of $250 million of our shares of common stock under a share repurchase program. We intend to use available cash and future cash from operations to fund repurchases under the share repurchase program. The repurchase program has no expiration date but may be suspended or terminated by the Board of Directors at any time. Our Board of Directors will determine the price, timing, amount and method of such repurchases based on its evaluation of market conditions and other factors, and any shares repurchased will be in compliance with applicable legal requirements, at prices determined to be attractive and in the best interests of both the Company and its stockholders. | |||||||||
As of December 31, 2014, we have repurchased 2,120,709 shares of outstanding common stock under the share repurchase program at an aggregate cost of $145 million. We did not repurchase any shares under this share repurchase program during the year ended December 31, 2014. As of December 31, 2014, from the authorized share repurchase program granted by the Board of Directors we have $105 million remaining to repurchase shares of our common stock. | |||||||||
Dividends | |||||||||
During the years ended December 31, 2014, 2013 and 2012, our Board of Directors did not declare any dividends on our outstanding common stock and do not expect to pay any dividends for the foreseeable future. |
Related_Party_Transactions
Related Party Transactions | 12 Months Ended |
Dec. 31, 2014 | |
Related Party Transactions [Abstract] | |
Related Party Transactions | NOTE 15: RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS |
Relationship between Expedia and TripAdvisor | |
Upon consummation of the Spin-Off, Expedia was considered a related party under GAAP based on a number of factors, including, among others, common ownership of our shares and those of Expedia. However, we no longer consider Expedia a related party. For purposes of governing certain of the ongoing relationships between us and Expedia at and after the Spin-Off, and to provide for an orderly transition, we and Expedia entered into various agreements at the time of the Spin-Off, which TripAdvisor has satisfied its obligations. However, TripAdvisor continues to be subject to certain post-spin obligations under the Tax Sharing Agreement. | |
Under the Tax Sharing Agreement between us and Expedia, we are generally required to indemnify Expedia for any taxes resulting from the Spin-Off (and any related interest, penalties, legal and professional fees, and all costs and damages associated with related stockholder litigation or controversies) to the extent such amounts resulted from (i) any act or failure to act by us described in the covenants in the tax sharing agreement, (ii) any acquisition of our equity securities or assets or those of a member of our group, or (iii) any failure of the representations with respect to us or any member of our group to be true or any breach by us or any member of our group of any covenant, in each case, which is contained in the separation documents or in the documents relating to the IRS private letter ruling and/or the opinion of counsel. The full text of the Tax Sharing Agreement is incorporated by reference in this Annual Report on Form 10K as Exhibit 10.2. Refer to “Note 9— Income Taxes” above for information regarding the status of completed and ongoing IRS audits of our consolidated income tax returns with Expedia to date. | |
Relationship between Liberty Interactive Corporation, Liberty TripAdvisor Holdings, Inc. and TripAdvisor | |
On December 11, 2012, Liberty Interactive Corporation, or Liberty, purchased an aggregate of 4,799,848 shares of common stock of TripAdvisor from Barry Diller, our former Chairman of the Board of Directors and Senior Executive, and certain of his affiliates (the “Stock Purchase”). As of December 31, 2013, Liberty beneficially owned 18,159,752 shares of our common stock and 12,799,999 shares of our Class B common stock and was considered a related party with TripAdvisor. | |
On August 27, 2014, the entire beneficial ownership of our common stock and Class B common stock held by Liberty was indirectly acquired by Liberty TripAdvisor Holdings, Inc. (“LTRIP”) by means of a spin-off (the “Liberty Spin-Off”). In the Liberty Spin-Off, Liberty, LTRIP’s former parent company, distributed, by means of a dividend, to the holders of its Liberty Ventures common stock, Liberty’s entire equity interest in LTRIP. As a result of the Liberty Spin-Off, LTRIP became a separate, publicly traded company and 100% of Liberty’s interest in TripAdvisor is now held by LTRIP. Given the change in ownership of our shares, we no longer consider Liberty a related party effective as of the Liberty Spin-Off. | |
As of December 31, 2014, LTRIP beneficially owned 18,159,752 shares of our common stock and 12,799,999 shares of our Class B common stock, which shares constitute 14.0% of the outstanding shares of Common Stock and 100% of the outstanding shares of Class B Common Stock. Assuming the conversion of all of LTRIP’s shares of Class B common stock into common stock, LTRIP would beneficially own 21.7% of the outstanding common stock (calculated in accordance with Rule 13d-3). Because each share of Class B common stock is generally entitled to ten votes per share and each share of common stock is entitled to one vote per share, LTRIP may be deemed to beneficially own equity securities representing approximately 56.6% of our voting power. We consider LTRIP a related party at December 31, 2014. | |
We had no material related party transactions with Liberty or LTRIP during the years ended December 31, 2014, 2013 or 2012. | |
Segment_and_Geographic_Informa
Segment and Geographic Information | 12 Months Ended | ||||||||||||||||
Dec. 31, 2014 | |||||||||||||||||
Segment Reporting [Abstract] | |||||||||||||||||
Segment and Geographic Information | NOTE 16: SEGMENT AND GEOGRAPHIC INFORMATION | ||||||||||||||||
Segment Information | |||||||||||||||||
During the fourth quarter of 2014, management changed TripAdvisor’s reportable segments to reflect changes in the management reporting structure of the organization, primarily due to recent business acquisitions, and the manner in which the chief operating decision maker, or CODM, regularly assesses information and evaluates performance for operating decision-making purposes, including allocation of resources. We believe this new segment structure better provides the CODM with information to assess performance and to make resource allocation decisions. The CODM for the company is our Chief Executive Officer. | |||||||||||||||||
The revised reporting structure includes two reportable segments: Hotel and Other. Our Other segment consists of the aggregation of three operating segments, which include our Vacation Rentals, Restaurants and Attractions businesses. All prior periods have been reclassified to conform to the current reporting structure. | |||||||||||||||||
Hotel | |||||||||||||||||
Our Hotel segment includes revenue generated from services related to hotels, including click-based and display-based advertising revenue from making hotel room nights, airline reservations, and cruise reservations available for price comparison and booking, as well as subscription-based products such as Business Listings, transaction-based products such as Jetsetter and Tingo, and other revenue related to hotels. Our CODM is also the Hotel segment manager. | |||||||||||||||||
Other | |||||||||||||||||
Attractions. We provide, through Viator, information and services for researching and booking destination activities around the world. Viator works with local operators to provide travelers with access to tours and activities in popular destinations worldwide, earning a commission for such service. In addition to its consumer-direct business, Viator also provides local experiences to affiliate partners, including some of the world’s top airlines, hotels and travel agencies. | |||||||||||||||||
Restaurants. This business is comprised of our websites that provide online and mobile reservation services that connect restaurants with diners. These websites are currently focused on the European market, primarily through Lafourchette. Lafourchette is an online restaurant booking platform with a network of restaurant partners across Europe. Lafourchette also offers management software solutions helping restaurants to maximize business by providing a flexible online booking, discount and data tool. Revenue is primarily generated by receiving a fee for each restaurant guest seated through the online reservation systems. | |||||||||||||||||
Vacation Rentals. We offer individual property owners and property managers the ability to list their properties available for rental and connect with travelers using a subscription-based fee structure or a free-to-list, commission per booking based option. Our vacation rental inventory currently includes full home rentals, condos, villas, beach rentals, cabins, cottages, and many other accommodation types. These properties are listed across a number of platforms, including TripAdvisor Vacation Rentals, U.S.-based FlipKey (which includes Vacation Home Rentals acquired during 2014), and European-based Holiday Lettings and Niumba. | |||||||||||||||||
Each operating segment in our Other segment has a segment manager who is directly accountable to and maintains regular contact with our chief operating decision maker to discuss operating activities, financial results, forecasts, and plans for the segment. | |||||||||||||||||
Our primary operating metric for evaluating segment performance is Adjusted EBITDA, which is a non-GAAP financial measure. We define Adjusted EBITDA as net income (loss) plus: (1) provision for income taxes; (2) other income (expense), net; (3) depreciation of property and equipment, including amortization of internal use software and website development; (4) amortization of intangible assets; (5) stock-based compensation; and (6) non-recurring expenses. Such amounts are detailed in our segment reconciliation below. In addition, please see our discussion of Adjusted EBITDA in the section of this Annual Report on Form 10-K entitled “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations.” | |||||||||||||||||
The following tables present our segment information for the years ended December 31, 2014, 2013 and 2012. We record depreciation of property and equipment, including amortization of internal-use software and website development, amortization of intangible assets, stock-based compensation, other expense, net, other non-recurring expenses, net, and income taxes, which are excluded from segment operating performance, in Corporate and unallocated. In addition, we do not report our assets or capital expenditures by segment as it would not be meaningful. We also do not regularly provide asset, capital expenditure or depreciation information by segment to our CODM. Our consolidated general and administrative expenses, excluding stock-based compensation costs, are shared by all operating segments. Each operating segment receives an allocated charge based on the segment’s percentage of the Company’s total personnel costs. | |||||||||||||||||
Year ended December 31, 2014 | |||||||||||||||||
Hotel | Other | Corporate and | Total | ||||||||||||||
unallocated | |||||||||||||||||
(in millions) | |||||||||||||||||
Revenue | $ | 1,135 | $ | 111 | $ | — | $ | 1,246 | |||||||||
Adjusted EBITDA (1) | 472 | (4 | ) | — | 468 | ||||||||||||
Depreciation | — | — | (47 | ) | (47 | ) | |||||||||||
Amortization of intangible assets | — | — | (18 | ) | (18 | ) | |||||||||||
Stock-based compensation | — | — | (63 | ) | (63 | ) | |||||||||||
Operating income (loss) | $ | 472 | $ | (4 | ) | $ | (128 | ) | 340 | ||||||||
Other expense, net | (18 | ) | |||||||||||||||
Income before income taxes | 322 | ||||||||||||||||
Provision for income taxes | (96 | ) | |||||||||||||||
Net income | 226 | ||||||||||||||||
Year ended December 31, 2013 | |||||||||||||||||
Hotel | Other | Corporate and | Total | ||||||||||||||
unallocated | |||||||||||||||||
(in millions) | |||||||||||||||||
Revenue | $ | 899 | $ | 46 | $ | — | $ | 945 | |||||||||
Adjusted EBITDA (1) | 384 | (5 | ) | — | 379 | ||||||||||||
Depreciation | — | — | (30 | ) | (30 | ) | |||||||||||
Amortization of intangible assets | — | — | (6 | ) | (6 | ) | |||||||||||
Stock-based compensation | — | — | (49 | ) | (49 | ) | |||||||||||
Operating income (loss) | $ | 384 | $ | (5 | ) | $ | (85 | ) | 294 | ||||||||
Other expense, net | (10 | ) | |||||||||||||||
Income before income taxes | 284 | ||||||||||||||||
Provision for income taxes | (79 | ) | |||||||||||||||
Net income | 205 | ||||||||||||||||
Year ended December 31, 2012 | |||||||||||||||||
Hotel | Other | Corporate and | Total | ||||||||||||||
unallocated | |||||||||||||||||
(in millions) | |||||||||||||||||
Revenue | $ | 732 | $ | 31 | $ | — | $ | 763 | |||||||||
Adjusted EBITDA (1) | 349 | 3 | — | 352 | |||||||||||||
Depreciation | — | — | (20 | ) | (20 | ) | |||||||||||
Amortization of intangible assets | — | — | (6 | ) | (6 | ) | |||||||||||
Stock-based compensation | — | — | (30 | ) | (30 | ) | |||||||||||
Operating income (loss) | $ | 349 | $ | 3 | $ | (56 | ) | 296 | |||||||||
Other expense, net | (14 | ) | |||||||||||||||
Income before income taxes | 282 | ||||||||||||||||
Provision for income taxes | (87 | ) | |||||||||||||||
Net income | 195 | ||||||||||||||||
-1 | Includes allocated general and administrative expenses in our Hotel segment of $87 million, $72 million and $56 million; and in our Other segment of $18 million, $9 million and $6 million for the years ended December 31, 2014, 2013 and 2012, respectively. | ||||||||||||||||
The following table is a reconciliation of our Adjusted EBITDA to net income, the most directly comparable financial measure calculated and presented in accordance with GAAP, for the periods presented: | |||||||||||||||||
Year ended December 31, | |||||||||||||||||
2014 | 2013 | 2012 | |||||||||||||||
(in millions) | |||||||||||||||||
Adjusted EBITDA | $ | 468 | $ | 379 | $ | 352 | |||||||||||
Depreciation (1) | (47 | ) | (30 | ) | (20 | ) | |||||||||||
OIBA (2) | 421 | 349 | 332 | ||||||||||||||
Amortization of intangible assets | (18 | ) | (6 | ) | (6 | ) | |||||||||||
Stock-based compensation | (63 | ) | (49 | ) | (30 | ) | |||||||||||
Other expense, net | (18 | ) | (10 | ) | (14 | ) | |||||||||||
Provision for income taxes | (96 | ) | (79 | ) | (87 | ) | |||||||||||
Net income | $ | 226 | $ | 205 | $ | 195 | |||||||||||
-1 | Includes amortization of internal use software and website development costs. | ||||||||||||||||
-2 | We define OIBA as net income (loss) plus: (1) provision for income taxes; (2) other income (expense), net; (3) stock-based compensation; (4) amortization of intangible assets; and (5) non-recurring expenses. This operating metric is only used by our management to calculate our annual obligation for our charitable foundation. Refer to “Note 12— Commitments and Contingencies” for a discussion of our charitable foundation. | ||||||||||||||||
Revenue and Geographic Information | |||||||||||||||||
We derive the substantial portion of our revenue through the sale of advertising, primarily through click-based advertising and, to a lesser extent, display-based advertising. In addition, we earn revenue from a combination of subscription-based and transaction-based offerings, including: Business Listings; subscription and commission-based offerings from our Vacation Rentals products; transaction revenue from selling room nights; selling destination activities; fulfilling online restaurant reservations; as well as other revenue including content licensing. | |||||||||||||||||
The following table presents revenue by product for the periods presented: | |||||||||||||||||
Year ended December 31, | |||||||||||||||||
2014 | 2013 | 2012 | |||||||||||||||
(in millions) | |||||||||||||||||
Click-based advertising | $ | 870 | $ | 696 | $ | 588 | |||||||||||
Display-based advertising | 140 | 119 | 94 | ||||||||||||||
Subscription, transaction and other | 236 | 130 | 81 | ||||||||||||||
Total revenue | $ | 1,246 | $ | 945 | $ | 763 | |||||||||||
The following table presents revenue by geographic area, the United States, the United Kingdom and all other countries, based on the geographic location of our websites for the periods presented: | |||||||||||||||||
Year ended December 31, | |||||||||||||||||
2014 | 2013 | 2012 | |||||||||||||||
(in millions) | |||||||||||||||||
Revenue | |||||||||||||||||
United States | $ | 593 | $ | 463 | $ | 386 | |||||||||||
United Kingdom | 191 | 141 | 110 | ||||||||||||||
All other countries | 462 | 341 | 267 | ||||||||||||||
$ | 1,246 | $ | 945 | $ | 763 | ||||||||||||
The following table presents property and equipment, net for the United States and all other countries based on the geographic location of the assets for the periods presented: | |||||||||||||||||
December 31, | |||||||||||||||||
2014 | 2013 | ||||||||||||||||
(in millions) | |||||||||||||||||
Property and equipment, net | |||||||||||||||||
United States | $ | 170 | $ | 67 | |||||||||||||
All other countries | 25 | 15 | |||||||||||||||
$ | 195 | $ | 82 | ||||||||||||||
Interest_Income_and_Other_Net
Interest Income and Other, Net | 12 Months Ended | ||||||||||||
Dec. 31, 2014 | |||||||||||||
Interest And Other Income [Abstract] | |||||||||||||
Interest Income and Other, Net | NOTE 17: INTEREST INCOME AND OTHER, NET | ||||||||||||
The following table presents the detail of interest income and other, net, for the periods presented: | |||||||||||||
Year Ended December 31, | |||||||||||||
2014 | 2013 | 2012 | |||||||||||
(in millions) | |||||||||||||
Net loss, realized and unrealized, on foreign exchange and | $ | (10 | ) | $ | (2 | ) | $ | (3 | ) | ||||
foreign currency derivative contracts and other, net | |||||||||||||
Interest income | 1 | 2 | - | ||||||||||
Total interest income and other, net | $ | (9 | ) | $ | - | $ | (3 | ) | |||||
Quarterly_Financial_Informatio
Quarterly Financial Information | 12 Months Ended | ||||||||||||||||
Dec. 31, 2014 | |||||||||||||||||
Quarterly Financial Information Disclosure [Abstract] | |||||||||||||||||
Quarterly Financial Information | TripAdvisor, Inc. | ||||||||||||||||
Quarterly Financial Information (Unaudited) | |||||||||||||||||
(in thousands, except per share data) | |||||||||||||||||
The following table presents selected unaudited financial information for the eight quarters in the period ended December 31, 2014. The results for any quarter are not necessarily indicative of future quarterly results and, accordingly, period to period comparisons should not be relied upon as an indication of future performance. | |||||||||||||||||
Three Months Ended | |||||||||||||||||
March 31 | June 30 | September 30 | December 31 | ||||||||||||||
(in millions) | |||||||||||||||||
Year ended December 31, 2014 | |||||||||||||||||
Revenue | $ | 281 | $ | 323 | $ | 354 | $ | 288 | |||||||||
Operating income | 96 | 100 | 84 | 60 | |||||||||||||
Net income | 68 | 68 | 54 | 36 | |||||||||||||
Net income attributable to TripAdvisor, Inc. | 68 | 68 | 54 | 36 | |||||||||||||
Basic earnings per share | $ | 0.48 | $ | 0.48 | $ | 0.38 | $ | 0.25 | |||||||||
Diluted earnings per share | $ | 0.47 | $ | 0.47 | $ | 0.37 | $ | 0.25 | |||||||||
Year ended December 31, 2013 | |||||||||||||||||
Revenue | $ | 230 | $ | 247 | $ | 255 | $ | 213 | |||||||||
Operating income | 88 | 94 | 84 | 28 | |||||||||||||
Net income | 62 | 67 | 56 | 20 | |||||||||||||
Net income attributable to TripAdvisor, Inc. | 62 | 67 | 56 | 20 | |||||||||||||
Basic earnings per share | $ | 0.44 | $ | 0.47 | $ | 0.39 | $ | 0.14 | |||||||||
Diluted earnings per share | $ | 0.43 | $ | 0.46 | $ | 0.38 | $ | 0.14 | |||||||||
Significant_Accounting_Policie1
Significant Accounting Policies (Policies) | 12 Months Ended | ||||||||||||
Dec. 31, 2014 | |||||||||||||
Accounting Policies [Abstract] | |||||||||||||
Basis of Presentation | Basis of Presentation | ||||||||||||
The accompanying consolidated financial statements include TripAdvisor, our wholly-owned subsidiaries, and entities we control, or in which we have a variable interest and are the primary beneficiary of expected cash profits or losses. We record noncontrolling interest in our consolidated financial statements to recognize the minority ownership interest in our consolidated subsidiaries. Noncontrolling interest in the earnings and losses of consolidated subsidiaries represent the share of net income or loss allocated to members or partners in our consolidated entities. We have eliminated significant intercompany transactions and accounts. The accompanying consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles in the United States (“GAAP”). | |||||||||||||
Certain of our subsidiaries that operate in China, have variable interests in affiliated entities in China in order to comply with Chinese laws and regulations, which restrict foreign investment in Internet content provision businesses. Although we do not own the capital stock of some of our Chinese affiliates, we consolidate their results as we are the primary beneficiary of the cash losses or profits of these variable interest affiliates and have the power to direct the activities of these affiliates. Our variable interest entities are not material for all periods presented. | |||||||||||||
Accounting Estimates | Accounting Estimates | ||||||||||||
We use estimates and assumptions in the preparation of our consolidated financial statements in accordance with GAAP. Our estimates and assumptions affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities as of the date of our consolidated financial statements. These estimates and assumptions also affect the reported amount of net income or loss during any period. Our actual financial results could differ significantly from these estimates. The significant estimates underlying our consolidated financial statements include; (i) recoverability of intangible assets and goodwill; (ii) recoverability and useful life of long-lived assets; (iii) accounting for income taxes; (iv) purchase accounting for business combinations and (v) stock-based compensation. | |||||||||||||
Reclassifications | Reclassifications | ||||||||||||
As previously disclosed, we no longer consider Expedia a related party. Certain reclassifications have been made to conform the prior period to the current presentation relating to Expedia transactions, which includes the reclassification of revenue from Expedia on our statements of operations for the years ended December 31, 2013 and 2012 of $217 million and $204 million, respectively, to revenue, the reclassification of receivables at December 31, 2013 of $16 million, from Expedia, net on our consolidated balance sheets to accounts receivable, as well as operating cash flow reclassifications related to Expedia for the years ended December 31, 2013 and 2012 of cash provided of $8 million and cash used of $17 million, respectively, to operating cash flows for accounts receivable on our consolidated statements of cash flows those years. These reclassifications had no net effect on our consolidated financial statements. | |||||||||||||
In addition, as discussed above, we revised our reportable segment structure during the fourth quarter of 2014. Consequently all prior periods have been reclassified to conform to the current reporting structure, which is reflected in all required segment disclosures made in this Form 10-K. These reclassifications had no effect on our consolidated financial statements. | |||||||||||||
All other reclassifications, made to conform the prior period to the current presentation, were not material and had no net effect on our consolidated financial statements. | |||||||||||||
Revenue Recognition | Revenue Recognition | ||||||||||||
We recognize revenue from our services rendered when the following four revenue recognition criteria are met: persuasive evidence of an arrangement exists, services have been rendered, the price is fixed or determinable, and collectability is reasonably assured. Deferred revenue, which primarily relates to our subscription-based and commission based arrangements, is recorded when payments are received in advance of our performance as required by the underlying agreements. | |||||||||||||
Click-based Advertising. Revenue is derived primarily from click-through fees charged to our travel partners for traveler leads sent to the travel partners’ website. We record revenue from click-through fees after the traveler makes the click-through to the travel partners’ websites. | |||||||||||||
Instant booking commission revenue is recorded at the time a traveler books a hotel transaction on our site where we do not assume cancellation risk. In transactions in which we assume cancellation risk, we record revenue when we receive cash from our travel partners, given the current uncertainty of the traveler’s stay. We have no post-booking service obligations for Instant Booking transactions. | |||||||||||||
Display-based Advertising. We recognize display advertising revenue ratably over the advertising period or upon delivery of advertising impressions, depending on the terms of the advertising contract. Subscription-based revenue is recognized ratably over the related contractual period over which service is delivered. | |||||||||||||
Attractions. We receive cash from the consumer at the time of booking of the destination activity and record these amounts, net of commissions, as deferred merchant payables on our consolidated balance sheet. Commission revenue is recorded as deferred revenue at the time of booking and later recognized when the consumer has completed the destination activity or as the consumer’s refund privileges lapse. We pay the destination activity operators after the travelers’ use. | |||||||||||||
Restaurants. We recognize reservation revenues (or per seated diner fees) on a transaction-by-transaction basis as diners are seated by our restaurant customers. Subscription-based revenue is recognized ratably over the related contractual period over which the service is delivered. | |||||||||||||
Vacation Rentals. We generate revenue from customers for online advertising listing services related to the listing of their properties for rent on a subscription basis, over a fixed-term, or on a free-to-list option. Payments for term-based paid subscriptions received in advance of services being rendered are recorded as deferred revenue and recognized ratably on a straight-line basis over the listing period. We generate commission revenue from our free-to-list bookings option. We receive cash from travelers at the time of booking, net of commissions, and record as deferred merchant payables on our consolidated balance sheet. Commission revenue is recorded as deferred revenue at the time of booking and later recognized when the traveler has completed the stay or as the travelers’ refund privileges lapse. We pay the customer or property owner after the travelers’ stay. | |||||||||||||
Cost of Revenue | Cost of Revenue | ||||||||||||
Cost of revenue consists of expenses that are directly related or closely correlated to revenue generation, including direct costs, such as ad serving fees, flight search fees, transaction fees and data center costs. In addition, cost of revenue includes personnel and overhead expenses, including salaries, benefits, stock-based compensation and bonuses for certain customer support personnel who are directly involved in revenue generation. | |||||||||||||
Selling and Marketing | Selling and Marketing | ||||||||||||
Sales and marketing expenses primarily consist of direct costs, including SEM and other online traffic acquisition costs, syndication costs and affiliate program commissions, brand advertising, television and other offline advertising, and public relations. In addition, our indirect sales and marketing expense consists of personnel and overhead expenses, including salaries, commissions, benefits, stock-based compensation expense and bonuses for sales, sales support, customer support and marketing employees. | |||||||||||||
Technology and Content | Technology and Content | ||||||||||||
Technology and content expenses consist of personnel and overhead expenses, including salaries and benefits, stock-based compensation expense and bonuses for salaried employees and contractors engaged in the design, development, testing, content support, and maintenance of our websites and mobile apps. Other costs include licensing, maintenance expense, computer supplies, and technology hardware. | |||||||||||||
General and Administrative | General and Administrative | ||||||||||||
General and administrative expense consists primarily of personnel and related overhead costs, including executive leadership, finance, legal and human resource functions and stock-based compensation as well as professional service fees and other fees including audit, legal, tax and accounting, and other costs including bad debt expense and our charitable foundation costs. | |||||||||||||
Interest Income and Other, net | Interest Income and Other, net | ||||||||||||
Interest income and other, net primarily consists of interest earned and amortization of discounts and premiums on our marketable securities, and net foreign exchange gains and losses. | |||||||||||||
Interest Expense | Interest Expense | ||||||||||||
Interest expense primarily consists of interest incurred, commitment fees and debt issuance cost amortization related to our Credit Agreement and Chinese Credit Facilities. | |||||||||||||
Cash, Cash Equivalents and Marketable Securities | Cash, Cash Equivalents and Marketable Securities | ||||||||||||
Our cash equivalents consist of highly liquid investments with maturities of 90 days or less at the date of purchase. Our marketable debt and equity securities have been classified and accounted for as available-for-sale. We determine the appropriate classification of our investments at the time of purchase and reevaluate the designations at each balance sheet date. We invest in highly-rated securities, and our investment policy limits the amount of credit exposure to any one issuer, industry group and currency. The policy requires investments to be investment grade, with the primary objective of minimizing the potential risk of principal loss and providing liquidity of investments sufficient to meet our operating and capital spending requirements and debt repayments. | |||||||||||||
We classify our marketable debt securities as either short-term or long-term based on each instrument’s underlying contractual maturity date and as to whether and when we intend to sell a particular security prior to its maturity date. Marketable debt securities with maturities greater than 90 days at the date of purchase and 12 months or less remaining at the balance sheet date will be classified as short-term and marketable debt securities with maturities greater than 12 months from the balance sheet date will generally be classified as long-term. We classify our marketable equity securities, limited to money market funds and mutual funds, as either short-term or long-term based on the nature of each security and its availability for use in current operations. Our marketable debt and equity securities are carried at fair value, with the unrealized gains and losses, net of taxes, reported in accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) as a component of stockholders’ equity. Fair values are determined for each individual security in the investment portfolio. | |||||||||||||
Realized gains and losses on the sale of securities are determined by specific identification of each security’s cost basis. We may sell certain of our marketable securities prior to their stated maturities for strategic reasons including, but not limited to, anticipation of credit deterioration and liquidity and duration management. The weighted average maturity of our total invested cash shall not exceed 18 months, and no security shall have a final maturity date greater than three years. | |||||||||||||
We continually review our available for sale securities to determine whether a decline in fair value below the carrying value is other than temporary. When evaluating an investment for other-than-temporary impairment, we review factors such as the length of time and extent to which fair value has been below its cost basis, the financial condition of the issuer and any changes thereto, and our intent to sell, or whether it is more likely than not it will be required to sell the investment before recovery of the investment’s cost basis. Once a decline in fair value is determined to be other than temporary, an impairment charge is recorded and a new cost basis in the investment is established. If we do not intend to sell the debt security, but it is probable that we will not collect all amounts due, then only the impairment due to the credit risk would be recognized in earnings and the remaining amount of the impairment would be recognized in accumulated other comprehensive loss within stockholders’ equity. | |||||||||||||
Cash consists of cash deposits held in global financial institutions. | |||||||||||||
Fair Value Measurements | Fair Value Measurements | ||||||||||||
We apply fair value accounting for all financial assets and liabilities and non-financial assets and liabilities that are recognized or disclosed at fair value in the financial statements on a recurring basis. We measure assets and liabilities at fair value based on the expected exit price, which is the amount that would be received on the sale of an asset or amount paid to transfer a liability, as the case may be, in an orderly transaction between market participants in the principal or most advantageous market in which we would transact. As such, fair value may be based on assumptions that market participants would use in pricing an asset or liability at the measurement date. The authoritative guidance on fair value measurements establishes a consistent framework for measuring fair value on either a recurring or nonrecurring basis whereby inputs, used in valuation techniques, are assigned a hierarchical level. The following are the hierarchical levels of inputs to measure fair value: | |||||||||||||
Level 1—Valuations are based on quoted prices for identical assets and liabilities in active markets. | |||||||||||||
Level 2—Valuations are based on observable inputs other than quoted prices included in Level 1, such as quoted prices for similar assets and liabilities in active markets, quoted prices for identical or similar assets and liabilities in markets that are not active, or other inputs that are observable or can be corroborated by observable market data. | |||||||||||||
Level 3—Valuations are based on unobservable inputs reflecting our own assumptions, consistent with reasonably available assumptions made by other market participants. These valuations require significant judgment. | |||||||||||||
Derivative Financial Instruments | Derivative Financial Instruments | ||||||||||||
Our goal in managing our foreign exchange risk is to reduce, to the extent practicable, our potential exposure to the changes that exchange rates might have on our earnings, cash flows and financial position. We do not use derivatives for trading or speculative purposes. We account for our derivative instruments as either assets or liabilities and carry them at fair value. | |||||||||||||
For derivative instruments that hedge the exposure to variability in expected future cash flows that are designated as cash flow hedges, the effective portion of the gain or loss on the derivative instrument is reported as a component of accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) in stockholders’ equity and reclassified into income in the same period or periods during which the hedged transaction affects earnings. The ineffective portion of the gain or loss on the derivative instrument, if any, is recognized in current income. To receive hedge accounting treatment, cash flow hedges must be highly effective in offsetting changes to expected future cash flows on hedged transactions. For options designated as cash flow hedges, changes in the time value are excluded from the assessment of hedge effectiveness and are recognized in income. For derivative instruments that hedge the exposure to changes in the fair value of an asset or a liability and that are designated as fair value hedges, both the net gain or loss on the derivative instrument as well as the offsetting gain or loss on the hedged item attributable to the hedged risk are recognized in earnings in the current period. The net gain or loss on the effective portion of a derivative instrument that is designated as an economic hedge of the foreign currency translation exposure of the net investment in a foreign operation is reported in the same manner as a foreign currency translation adjustment. For forward exchange contracts designated as net investment hedges, we exclude changes in fair value relating to changes in the forward carrying component from its definition of effectiveness. Accordingly, any gains or losses related to this component are recognized in current income. We have not entered into any cash flow, fair value or net investment hedges to date as of December 31, 2014. | |||||||||||||
Derivatives that do not qualify for hedge accounting must be adjusted to fair value through current income. In certain circumstances, we enter into foreign currency forward exchange contracts (“forward contracts”) to reduce the effects of fluctuating foreign currency exchange rates on our cash flows denominated in foreign currencies. Our derivative instruments or forward contracts entered into are not designated as hedges as of December 31, 2014 are disclosed below in “Note 5— Financial Instruments” in the notes to the consolidated financial statements. Monetary assets and liabilities denominated in a currency other than the functional currency of a given subsidiary are remeasured at spot rates in effect on the balance sheet date with the effects of changes in spot rates reported in other, net on our consolidated statements of operations. Accordingly, fair value changes in the forward contracts help mitigate the changes in the value of the remeasured assets and liabilities attributable to changes in foreign currency exchange rates, except to the extent of the spot-forward differences. These differences are not expected to be significant due to the short-term nature of the contracts, which to date, have generally had maturities at inception of 90 days or less. The net cash received or paid related to our derivative instruments are classified as an operating activity in our consolidated statements of cash flow, which is based on the objective of the derivative instruments. These net cash flows have not been material in any reporting period to date. | |||||||||||||
Accounts Receivable and Allowance for Doubtful Accounts | Accounts Receivable and Allowance for Doubtful Accounts | ||||||||||||
Accounts receivable are generally due within 30 days and are recorded net of an allowance for doubtful accounts. We record accounts receivable at the invoiced amount. Collateral is not required for accounts receivable. We consider accounts outstanding longer than the contractual payment terms as past due. We determine our allowance by considering a number of factors, including the length of time trade accounts receivable are past due, previous loss history, a specific customer’s ability to pay its obligations to us, and the condition of the general economy and industry as a whole. | |||||||||||||
The following table presents the changes in the allowance for doubtful accounts for the periods presented: | |||||||||||||
December 31, | |||||||||||||
2014 | 2013 | 2012 | |||||||||||
(in millions) | |||||||||||||
Allowance for doubtful accounts: | |||||||||||||
Balance, beginning of period | $ | 3 | $ | 3 | $ | 5 | |||||||
Charges (recoveries) to earnings | 3 | 1 | (1 | ) | |||||||||
Write-offs, net of recoveries and other adjustments | 1 | (1 | ) | (1 | ) | ||||||||
Balance, end of period | $ | 7 | $ | 3 | $ | 3 | |||||||
Property and Equipment, Including Website and Software Development Costs | Property and Equipment, Including Website and Software Development Costs | ||||||||||||
We record property and equipment at cost, net of accumulated depreciation. We capitalize certain costs incurred during the application development stage related to the development of websites and internal use software when it is probable the project will be completed and the software will be used as intended. Capitalized costs include internal and external costs, if direct and incremental, and deemed by management to be significant. We expense costs related to the planning and post-implementation phases of software and website development as these costs are incurred. Maintenance and enhancement costs (including those costs in the post-implementation stages) are typically expensed as incurred, unless such costs relate to substantial upgrades and enhancements to the website or software resulting in added functionality, in which case the costs are capitalized. | |||||||||||||
We compute depreciation using the straight-line method over the estimated useful lives of the assets, which is three to five years for computer equipment, capitalized software and website development, office furniture and other equipment. We depreciate leasehold improvements using the straight-line method, over the shorter of the estimated useful life of the improvement or the remaining term of the lease. | |||||||||||||
Leases | Leases | ||||||||||||
We lease office space in several countries around the world under non-cancelable lease agreements. We generally lease our office facilities under operating lease agreements. Office facilities subject to an operating lease and the related lease payments are not recorded on our balance sheet. The terms of certain lease agreements provide for rental payments on a graduated basis, however, we recognize rent expense on a straight-line basis over the lease period in accordance with GAAP. Any lease incentives are recognized as reductions of rental expense on a straight-line basis over the term of the lease. The lease term begins on the date we become legally obligated for the rent payments or when we take possession of the office space, whichever is earlier. | |||||||||||||
We establish assets and liabilities for the estimated construction costs incurred under lease arrangements where we are considered the owner for accounting purposes only, or build-to-suit leases, to the extent we are involved in the construction of structural improvements or take construction risk prior to commencement of a lease. Upon occupancy of facilities under build-to-suit leases, we assess whether these arrangements qualify for sales recognition under the sale-leaseback accounting guidance under GAAP. If we continue to be the deemed owner, for accounting purposes, the facilities are accounted for as financing obligations. | |||||||||||||
We establish assets and liabilities for the present value of estimated future costs to return certain of our leased facilities to their original condition for asset retirement obligations. Such assets are depreciated over the lease period into operating expense, and the recorded liabilities are accreted to the future value of the estimated restoration costs. | |||||||||||||
Business Combination Valuations and Recoverability of Goodwill and Indefinite-Lived Intangible Assets | Business Combination Valuations and Recoverability of Goodwill and Indefinite-Lived Intangible Assets | ||||||||||||
Goodwill | |||||||||||||
We account for acquired businesses using the purchase method of accounting which requires that the assets acquired and liabilities assumed be recorded at the date of acquisition at their respective fair values. Any excess of the purchase price over the estimated fair values of the net assets acquired is recorded as goodwill. We assess goodwill, which is not amortized, for impairment annually as of October 1, or more frequently, if events and circumstances indicate impairment may have occurred. We test goodwill for impairment at the reporting unit level (operating segment or one level below an operating segment). Goodwill is allocated to our reporting units at the date the goodwill is initially recorded. Once goodwill has been allocated to the reporting units, it no longer retains its identification with a particular acquisition and becomes identified with the reporting unit in its entirety. Accordingly, the fair value of the reporting unit as a whole is available to support the recoverability of its goodwill. | |||||||||||||
In the evaluation of goodwill for impairment, we generally first perform a qualitative assessment to determine whether it is more likely than not (i.e., a likelihood of more than 50%) that the implied fair value of the reporting unit is less than the carrying amount. If we determine that it is not more likely than not that the implied fair value of the goodwill is less than its carrying amount, no further testing is necessary. If, however, we determine that it is more likely than not that the implied fair value of the goodwill is less than its carrying amount, we then perform a quantitative assessment and compare the implied fair value of the reporting unit to the carrying value. If the carrying value of a reporting unit exceeds its implied fair value, the goodwill of that reporting unit is potentially impaired and we proceed to step two of the impairment analysis. In step two of the analysis, we will record an impairment loss equal to the excess of the carrying value of the reporting unit’s goodwill over its implied fair value should such a circumstance arise. | |||||||||||||
In determining the estimated fair value of assets acquired and liabilities assumed in business combinations and for determining implied fair values of reporting units in a quantitative goodwill impairment test, we use one of the following recognized valuation methods: the income approach (including discounted cash flows), the market approach or the cost approach. Our significant estimates in those fair value measurements include identifying business factors such as size, growth, profitability, risk and return on investment and assessing comparable revenue and operating income multiples. Further, when measuring fair value based on discounted cash flows, we make assumptions about risk-adjusted discount rates, future price levels, rates of increase in revenue, cost of revenue, and operating expenses, weighted average cost of capital, rates of long-term growth, and income tax rates. Valuations are performed by management or third party valuation specialists under management's supervision, where appropriate. We believe that the fair values assigned to the assets acquired and liabilities assumed in business combinations and impairment tests are based on reasonable assumptions that marketplace participants would use. However, such assumptions are inherently uncertain and actual results could differ from those estimates. | |||||||||||||
As part of our qualitative assessment for our 2014 goodwill impairment analysis on October 1, the factors that we considered included, but were not limited to: (a) changes in macroeconomic conditions in the overall economy and the specific markets in which we operate, (b) our ability to access capital, (c) changes in the online travel industry, (d) changes in the level of competition, (e) comparison of our current financial performance to historical and budgeted results, and (f) changes in excess market capitalization over book value based on our current common stock price and latest unaudited consolidated balance sheet. After considering these factors and the impact that changes in such factors would have on the inputs used in our previous quantitative assessment, we determined that it was more likely than not that goodwill was not impaired. | |||||||||||||
Subsequent to the annual impairment test on October 1, 2014, as discussed in “Note 16—Segment and Geographic Information," the composition of our operating segments and our reporting units, has been revised. As a result of this revision, we performed an updated goodwill impairment analysis as of December 31, 2014, for each of our four reporting units which we have identified: Hotels, Vacation Rentals, Restaurants and Attractions. As part of our qualitative assessment for our Hotel reporting unit, we considered the same factors used above in our October 1 qualitative assessment. As part of our process for our Vacation Rentals, Restaurants and Attractions reporting units, we began our qualitative analysis leveraging quantitative valuations for recent acquisitions in these reporting units, prepared by third party appraisers or management, which were used by management for initial purchase accounting required under GAAP. We then considered many of the same qualitative factors used in our October 1, 2014 qualitative assessment and the impact that changes in such factors would have on the inputs previously used in those recent quantitative valuations. After considering this information, we determined that, regarding all reporting units, it was more likely than not that these assets were not impaired at December 31, 2014. | |||||||||||||
Indefinite-Lived Intangible Assets | |||||||||||||
Intangible assets that have indefinite lives are not amortized and are tested for impairment annually on October 1, or whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying value may not be recoverable. Similar to the qualitative assessment for goodwill, we may assess qualitative factors to determine if it is more likely than not that the implied fair value of the indefinite-lived intangible asset is less than its carrying amount. If we determine that it is not more likely than not that the implied fair value of the indefinite-lived intangible asset is less than its carrying amount, no further testing is necessary. If, however, we determine that it is more likely than not that the implied fair value of the indefinite-lived intangible asset is less than its carrying amount, we compare the implied fair value of the indefinite-lived asset with its carrying amount. If the carrying value of an individual indefinite-lived intangible asset exceeds its implied fair value, the individual asset is written down by an amount equal to such excess. The assessment of qualitative factors is optional and at our discretion. We may bypass the qualitative assessment for any indefinite-lived intangible asset in any period and resume performing the qualitative assessment in any subsequent period. | |||||||||||||
As part of our qualitative assessment for our 2014 impairment analysis on October 1, the factors that we considered for our indefinite-lived intangible assets included, but were not limited to: (a) changes in macroeconomic conditions in the overall economy and the specific markets in which we operate, (b) our ability to access capital, (c) changes in the online travel industry, (d) changes in the level of competition, (e) comparison of our current financial performance to historical and budgeted results, (f) changes in excess market capitalization over book value based on our current common stock price and latest unaudited consolidated balance sheet, and (g) comparison of the excess of the fair value of our trade names and trademarks to the carrying value of those same assets, using the results of our most recent quantitative assessment. After considering these factors and the impact that changes in such factors would have on the inputs used in our previous quantitative assessment, we determined that it was more likely than not that these assets were not impaired. | |||||||||||||
Since the annual impairment test on October 1, 2014, there have been no events or changes in circumstances to indicate any potential impairment to our indefinite lived intangible assets. In the event that future circumstances indicate that our indefinite-lived intangibles are impaired, an impairment charge would be recorded. | |||||||||||||
There were no impairment charges recognized to our consolidated statement of operations during the years ended December 31, 2014, 2013 and 2012 related to our goodwill or indefinite-lived intangible assets. | |||||||||||||
Recoverability of Intangible Assets with Definite Lives and Other Long-Lived Assets | Recoverability of Intangible Assets with Definite Lives and Other Long-Lived Assets | ||||||||||||
Intangible assets with definite lives and other long-lived assets are carried at cost and are amortized on a straight-line basis over their estimated useful lives of two to twelve years. The straight-line method of amortization is currently used for our definite-lived intangible assets as it approximates, or is our best estimate, of the distribution of the economic use of our identifiable intangible assets. We review the carrying value of long-lived assets or asset groups, including property and equipment, to be used in operations whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of the assets might not be recoverable. | |||||||||||||
Factors that would necessitate an impairment assessment include a significant adverse change in the extent or manner in which an asset is used, a significant adverse change in legal factors or the business climate that could affect the value of the asset, or a significant decline in the observable market value of an asset, among others. If such facts indicate a potential impairment, we assess the recoverability of the asset by determining if the carrying value of the asset exceeds the sum of the projected undiscounted cash flows expected to result from the use and eventual disposition of the asset over the remaining economic life of the asset. If the recoverability test indicates that the carrying value of the asset is not recoverable, we will estimate the fair value of the asset using appropriate valuation methodologies which would typically include an estimate of discounted cash flows. Any impairment would be measured by the amount that the carrying value of such assets exceeds their fair value and would be included in operating income on the consolidated statement of operations. We have not identified any circumstances that would warrant an impairment assessment of any recorded assets in our consolidated balance sheet at December 31, 2014. | |||||||||||||
Income Taxes | Income Taxes | ||||||||||||
We record income taxes under the asset and liability method. Deferred tax assets and liabilities reflect our estimation of the future tax consequences of temporary differences between the carrying amounts of assets and liabilities for book and tax purposes. We determine deferred income taxes based on the differences in accounting methods and timing between financial statement and income tax reporting. Accordingly, we determine the deferred tax asset or liability for each temporary difference based on the enacted tax rates expected to be in effect when we realize the underlying items of income and expense. We consider all relevant factors when assessing the likelihood of future realization of our deferred tax assets, including our recent earnings experience by jurisdiction, expectations of future taxable income, and the carryforward periods available to us for tax reporting purposes, as well as assessing available tax planning strategies. We may establish a valuation allowance to reduce deferred tax assets to the amount we believe is more likely than not to be realized. Due to inherent complexities arising from the nature of our businesses, future changes in income tax law, tax sharing agreements or variances between our actual and anticipated operating results, we make certain judgments and estimates. Therefore, actual income taxes could materially vary from these estimates. | |||||||||||||
We recognize in our consolidated financial statements the impact of a tax position, if that position is more likely than not to be sustained upon an examination, based on the technical merits of the position. | |||||||||||||
Foreign Currency Translation and Transaction Gains and Losses | Foreign Currency Translation and Transaction Gains and Losses | ||||||||||||
Our consolidated financial statements are reported in U.S. dollars. Certain of our subsidiaries outside of the United States use the related local currency as their functional currency and not the U.S. dollar. Therefore assets and liabilities of our foreign subsidiaries are translated at the spot rate in effect at the applicable reporting date, and the consolidated statements of operations are translated at the average exchange rates in effect during the applicable period. The resulting unrealized cumulative translation adjustment is recorded as a component of accumulated other comprehensive income(loss) in stockholders’ equity on our consolidated balance sheet. | |||||||||||||
We also have subsidiaries that have transactions in foreign currencies other than their functional currency. Transactions denominated in currencies other than the functional currency are recorded based on exchange rates at the time such transactions arise. Subsequent changes in exchange rates result in transaction gains and losses which are reflected in our consolidated statements of operations as unrealized (based on the applicable period-end exchange rate) or realized upon settlement of the transactions, in other, net. | |||||||||||||
Accordingly, we have recorded foreign exchange losses of $10 million, $0 million and $3 million for the years ended December 31, 2014, 2013 and 2012, respectively, in other, net on our consolidated statement of operations. These amounts include gains and losses, realized and unrealized, on foreign currency forward contracts. | |||||||||||||
Advertising Expense | Advertising Expense | ||||||||||||
We incur advertising expense, which includes traffic generation costs from search engines and Internet portals, other online and offline (including television) advertising expense, promotions and public relations to promote our brands. We expense the costs associated with communicating the advertisements in the period in which the advertisement takes place. We initially capitalize and then expense the production costs associated with advertisements in the period in which the advertisement first takes place. For the years ended December 31, 2014, 2013 and 2012, our advertising expense was $341 million, $237 million, and $175 million, respectively. As of December 31, 2014 and 2013, we had $5 million and $1 million of prepaid marketing expenses included in prepaid expenses and other current assets. We expect to fully expense our prepaid marketing asset of $5 million as of December 31, 2014 to the consolidated statement of operations during 2015. | |||||||||||||
Stock-Based Compensation | Stock-Based Compensation | ||||||||||||
Stock Options. The exercise price for all stock options granted by us to date has been equal to the market price of the underlying shares of common stock at the date of grant. In this regard, when making stock option awards, our practice is to determine the applicable grant date and to specify that the exercise price shall be the closing price of our common stock on the date of grant. | |||||||||||||
The estimated grant-date fair value of stock options is calculated using a Black-Scholes Merton option-pricing model (“Black-Scholes model”). The Black-Scholes model incorporates assumptions to value stock-based awards, which includes the risk-free rate of return, expected volatility, expected term and expected dividend yield. | |||||||||||||
Our risk-free interest rate is based on the rates currently available on zero-coupon U.S. Treasury issues, in effect at the time of the grant, whose remaining maturity period most closely approximates the stock option’s expected term assumption. We have estimated, to date, the volatility of our common stock by using an average of our historical stock price volatility and of publicly traded companies that we consider peers based on daily price observations. We have estimated our expected term, to date, using the simplified method, as we have not had sufficient historical exercise data on our common stock to date. Our expected dividend yield is zero, as we have not paid any dividends on our common stock to date and do not expect to pay any cash dividends for the foreseeable future. | |||||||||||||
Our stock options generally have a term of ten years from the date of grant and generally vest equitably over a four-year requisite service period. We amortize the grant-date fair value of our stock option grants, net of estimated forfeitures, as stock-based compensation expense over the vesting term on a straight-line basis, with the amount of compensation expense recognized at any date at least equaling the portion of the grant-date fair value of the award that is vested at that date. | |||||||||||||
As the Company now has three years of post-Spin-Off equity award activity, beginning in February 2015, we will change our method of estimating our expected term from the simplified method and use historical exercise behavior and expected post-vest termination data. Simultaneously, we will also begin estimating our expected volatility by equally weighting the historical volatility and implied volatility on our own stock. Historical volatility will be determined using actual daily price observations of our stock price over a period equivalent to or approximate to the expected term of our stock option grants to date. Implied volatility represents the volatility of our actively traded options on our stock, with remaining maturities in excess of twelve months and market prices approximate to the exercise prices of the stock option grant. These changes are not expected to materially affect our future consolidated financial statements. | |||||||||||||
Restricted Stock Units. RSUs are stock awards that are granted to employees entitling the holder to shares of our common stock as the award vests. RSUs are measured at fair value based on the number of shares granted and the quoted price of our common stock at the date of grant. We amortize the fair value of RSUs, net of estimated forfeitures, as stock-based compensation expense over the vesting term of generally four years on a straight-line basis, with the amount of compensation expense recognized at any date at least equaling the portion of the grant-date fair value of the award that is vested at that date. | |||||||||||||
Performance-based stock options and RSUs vest upon achievement of certain company-based performance conditions and a requisite service period. On the date of grant, the fair value of performance-based award is determined based on the fair value, which is calculated using the same method as our service based stock options and RSUs described above. We then assess whether it is probable that the individual performance targets would be achieved. If assessed as probable, compensation expense will be recorded for these awards over the estimated performance period. At each reporting period, we will reassess the probability of achieving the performance targets and the performance period required to meet those targets. The estimation of whether the performance targets will be achieved and of the performance period required to achieve the targets requires judgment, and to the extent actual results or updated estimates differ from our current estimates, the cumulative effect on current and prior periods of those changes will be recorded in the period estimates are revised, or the change in estimate will be applied prospectively depending on whether the change affects the estimate of total compensation cost to be recognized or merely affects the period over which compensation cost is to be recognized. The ultimate number of shares issued and the related compensation expense recognized will be based on a comparison of the final performance metrics to the specified targets. | |||||||||||||
Estimates of fair value are not intended to predict actual future events or the value ultimately realized by employees who receive these awards, and subsequent events are not indicative of the reasonableness of our original estimates of fair value. We use historical data to estimate pre-vesting stock option and RSU forfeitures and record share-based compensation expense only for those awards that are expected to vest. Changes in estimated forfeitures are recognized through a cumulative catch-up adjustment in the period of change which also impacts the amount of stock compensation expense to be recognized in future periods. | |||||||||||||
Deferred Merchant Payables | Deferred Merchant Payables | ||||||||||||
We receive cash from travelers at the time of booking related to our vacation rental, attractions and transaction-based businesses and we record these amounts, net of commissions, on our consolidated balance sheets as deferred merchant payables. We pay the hotel, destination activity operators or vacation rental owners after the travelers’ use and subsequent billing from the hotel, attraction provider or vacation rental owners. Therefore, we receive cash from the traveler prior to paying the hotel, destination activity operator or vacation rental owners, and this operating cycle represents a working capital source or use of cash to us. As long as these businesses grow, we expect that changes in working capital related to these transactions, depending on timing of payments and seasonality, will continue to impact operating cash flows. Our deferred merchant payables balance was $93 million and $30 million for the years ended December 31, 2014 and 2013, respectively. A payable balance of $76 million was acquired during the year ended December 31, 2014, primarily related to our Viator acquisition (see “Note 3— Acquisitions”) and therefore is included within investing activities in our consolidated statement of cash flows. | |||||||||||||
Credit Risk and Concentrations | Credit Risk and Concentrations | ||||||||||||
Financial instruments, which potentially subject us to concentration of credit risk, consist primarily of cash and cash equivalents, corporate debt securities, foreign exchange contracts, accounts receivable and customer concentrations. We maintain some cash and cash equivalents balances with financial institutions that are in excess of Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation insurance limits. Our cash and cash equivalents are primarily composed of prime institutional money market funds as well as bank account balances primarily denominated in U.S. dollars, Euros, British pound sterling, Chinese renminbi, Australian dollars and Singapore dollars. We invest in highly-rated corporate debt securities, and our investment policy limits the amount of credit exposure to any one issuer, industry group and currency. Our credit risk related to corporate debt securities is also mitigated by the relatively short maturity period required by our investment policy. Foreign exchange contracts are transacted with various international financial institutions with high credit standing. | |||||||||||||
Our business is also subject to certain risks due to concentrations related to dependence on our relationships with our customers. For the years ended December 31, 2014, 2013 and 2012 our two most significant advertising partners, Expedia and Priceline, each accounted for more than 10% of our consolidated revenue and combined accounted for 46%, 47% and 48% of our consolidated revenue, respectively. This concentration of revenue is recorded in our Hotel segment for these reporting periods. As of December 31, 2014 and 2013, Expedia accounted for 15% and 14%, respectively, of our total accounts receivable. Our overall credit risk related to accounts receivable is also mitigated by the relatively short collection period. | |||||||||||||
Contingent Liabilities | Contingent Liabilities | ||||||||||||
Periodically, we review the status of all significant outstanding matters to assess any potential financial exposure. When (i) it is probable that an asset has been impaired or a liability has been incurred and (ii) the amount of the loss can be reasonably estimated, we record the estimated loss in our consolidated statements of operations. We provide disclosure in the notes to the consolidated financial statements for loss contingencies that do not meet both these conditions if there is a reasonable possibility that a loss may have been incurred that would be material to the financial statements. Significant judgment is required to determine the probability that a liability has been incurred and whether such liability is reasonably estimable. We base accruals made on the best information available at the time which can be highly subjective. The final outcome of these matters could vary significantly from the amounts included in the accompanying consolidated financial statements. | |||||||||||||
Comprehensive Income (Loss) | Comprehensive Income (Loss) | ||||||||||||
Comprehensive income (loss) currently consists of net income, cumulative foreign currency translation adjustments, and unrealized gains and losses on available-for-sale securities, net of tax. | |||||||||||||
Basic Earnings Per Share | Basic Earnings Per Share | ||||||||||||
We compute basic earnings per share (“Basic EPS”) by dividing net income attributable to TripAdvisor by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding during the period. We compute the weighted average number of common shares outstanding during the reporting period using the total of common stock and Class B common stock outstanding as of the last day of the previous year end reporting period plus the weighted average of any additional shares issued and outstanding less the weighted average of any treasury shares repurchased during the reporting period. | |||||||||||||
Diluted Earnings Per Share | |||||||||||||
We compute diluted earnings per share (“Diluted EPS”) by dividing net income attributable to TripAdvisor by the sum of the weighted average number of common and common equivalent shares outstanding during the period. We computed the weighted average number of common and common equivalent shares outstanding during the period using the sum of (i) the number of shares of common stock and Class B common stock used in the basic earnings per share calculation as indicated above, and (ii) if dilutive, the incremental weighted average common stock that we would issue upon the assumed exercise of outstanding common equivalent shares related to stock options and the vesting of restricted stock units using the treasury stock method, and (iii) if dilutive, performance based awards based on the number of shares that would be issuable as of the end of the reporting period assuming the end of the reporting period was also the end of the contingency period. | |||||||||||||
Under the treasury stock method, the assumed proceeds calculation includes the actual proceeds to be received from the employee upon exercise, the average unrecognized compensation cost during the period and any tax benefits credited upon exercise to additional paid-in-capital. The treasury stock method assumes that a company uses the proceeds from the exercise of an award to repurchase common stock at the average market price for the period. Windfall tax benefits created upon the exercise of an award would be added to assumed proceeds, while shortfalls charged to additional paid-in-capital would be deducted from assumed proceeds. Any shortfalls not covered by the windfall tax pool would be charged to the income statement and would be excluded from the calculation of assumed proceeds, if any. | |||||||||||||
Below is a reconciliation of the weighted average number of shares of common stock outstanding in calculating Diluted EPS (shares in thousands and dollars in millions, except per share amounts) for the periods presented: | |||||||||||||
Year ended December 31, | |||||||||||||
2014 | 2013 | 2012 | |||||||||||
Numerator: | |||||||||||||
Net income | $ | 226 | $ | 205 | $ | 194 | |||||||
Denominator: | |||||||||||||
Weighted average shares used to compute | 142,721 | 142,854 | 139,462 | ||||||||||
Basic EPS | |||||||||||||
Weighted average effect of dilutive | |||||||||||||
securities: | |||||||||||||
Stock options | 2,734 | 2,131 | 1,207 | ||||||||||
RSUs | 345 | 278 | 161 | ||||||||||
Stock warrants | - | - | 511 | ||||||||||
Weighted average shares used to compute | 145,800 | 145,263 | 141,341 | ||||||||||
Diluted EPS | |||||||||||||
Basic EPS | $ | 1.58 | $ | 1.44 | $ | 1.39 | |||||||
Diluted EPS | $ | 1.55 | $ | 1.41 | $ | 1.37 | |||||||
The following potential common shares related to stock options and RSUs were excluded from the calculation of Diluted EPS because their effect would have been anti-dilutive for the periods presented: | |||||||||||||
Year ended December 31, | |||||||||||||
2014(1) | 2013(2) | 2012(3) | |||||||||||
Stock options | 1,450 | 2,244 | 3,944 | ||||||||||
RSUs | 191 | 27 | 21 | ||||||||||
Total | 1,641 | 2,271 | 3,965 | ||||||||||
-1 | These totals do not include 66,666 performance based options and 44,000 performance based RSUs representing the right to acquire 110,666 shares of common stock for which all targets required to trigger vesting had not been achieved; therefore, such awards were excluded from the calculation of weighted average shares used to compute Diluted EPS for those reporting periods. | ||||||||||||
-2 | These totals do not include 155,000 performance based options and 44,000 performance based RSUs representing the right to acquire 199,000 shares of common stock for which all targets required to trigger vesting had not been achieved; therefore, such awards were excluded from the calculation of weighted average shares used to compute Diluted EPS for those reporting periods. | ||||||||||||
-3 | These totals do not include 110,000 performance based options and 200,000 performance based RSUs representing the right to acquire 310,000 shares of common stock, respectively, for which all targets required to trigger vesting had not been achieved; therefore, such awards were excluded from the calculation of weighted average shares used to compute Diluted EPS for those reporting periods. | ||||||||||||
The earnings per share amounts are the same for common stock and Class B common stock because the holders of each class are legally entitled to equal per share distributions whether through dividends or in liquidation. | |||||||||||||
New Accounting Pronouncements Not Yet Adopted | New Accounting Pronouncements Not Yet Adopted | ||||||||||||
Revenue From Contracts With Customers | |||||||||||||
In May 2014, the FASB issued new accounting guidance on revenue from contracts with customers. The new guidance requires an entity to recognize the amount of revenue to which it expects to be entitled for the transfer of promised goods or services to customers. The updated guidance will replace most existing revenue recognition guidance in GAAP when it becomes effective and permits the use of either a retrospective or cumulative effect transition method. This guidance is effective for fiscal years, and interim periods within those fiscal years, beginning after December 15, 2016. We have not yet selected a transition method and we are currently evaluating the effect that the updated standard will have on our consolidated financial statements and related disclosures. | |||||||||||||
Recently Adopted Accounting Pronouncements | Recently Adopted Accounting Pronouncements | ||||||||||||
Pushdown Accounting | |||||||||||||
In November 2014, the FASB issued new accounting guidance that provides companies with the option to apply pushdown accounting in its separate financial statements upon occurrence of an event in which an acquirer obtains control of the acquired entity. The acquired entity may elect the option to apply pushdown accounting in the reporting period in which the change-in-control event occurs. If pushdown accounting is not applied in the reporting period in which the change-in-control event occurs, an acquired entity will have the option to elect to apply pushdown accounting in a subsequent reporting period as a change in accounting principle under GAAP. If pushdown accounting is applied to an individual change-in-control event, that election is irrevocable. This guidance also requires an acquired entity that elects the option to apply pushdown accounting in its separate financial statements to disclose information in the current reporting period that enables users of financial statements to evaluate the effect of pushdown accounting. We have adopted this guidance effective November 18, 2014, as the amendments are effective upon issuance. The adoption of this new guidance did not have any impact on our consolidated financial statements and related disclosures. | |||||||||||||
Presentation of an Unrecognized Tax Benefit When a Net Operating Loss Carryforward, a Similar Tax Loss, or a Tax Credit Carryforward Exists | |||||||||||||
In July 2013, the FASB issued new accounting guidance on the presentation of unrecognized tax benefits. The new guidance requires an entity to present an unrecognized tax benefit, or a portion of an unrecognized tax benefit, as a reduction to a deferred tax asset for a net operating loss carryforward, a similar tax loss, or a tax credit carryforward, except as follows: to the extent a net operating loss carryforward, a similar tax loss, or a tax credit carryforward is not available at the reporting date under the tax law of the applicable jurisdiction to settle any additional income taxes that would result from the disallowance of a tax position or the tax law of the applicable jurisdiction does not require the entity to use, and the entity does not intend to use the deferred tax asset for such purpose, then the unrecognized tax benefit should be presented in the financial statements as a liability and should not be combined with deferred tax assets. This guidance was effective for fiscal years, and interim periods within those fiscal years, beginning after December 15, 2013, with early adoption permitted. Accordingly, we adopted these presentation requirements during the first quarter of 2014. The adoption of this new guidance did not have a material impact on our consolidated financial statements and related disclosures. |
Significant_Accounting_Policie2
Significant Accounting Policies (Tables) | 12 Months Ended | ||||||||||||
Dec. 31, 2014 | |||||||||||||
Accounting Policies [Abstract] | |||||||||||||
Summary of Changes in the Allowance for Doubtful Accounts | The following table presents the changes in the allowance for doubtful accounts for the periods presented: | ||||||||||||
December 31, | |||||||||||||
2014 | 2013 | 2012 | |||||||||||
(in millions) | |||||||||||||
Allowance for doubtful accounts: | |||||||||||||
Balance, beginning of period | $ | 3 | $ | 3 | $ | 5 | |||||||
Charges (recoveries) to earnings | 3 | 1 | (1 | ) | |||||||||
Write-offs, net of recoveries and other adjustments | 1 | (1 | ) | (1 | ) | ||||||||
Balance, end of period | $ | 7 | $ | 3 | $ | 3 | |||||||
Reconciliation of Weighted Average Number of Shares of Common Stock Outstanding | Below is a reconciliation of the weighted average number of shares of common stock outstanding in calculating Diluted EPS (shares in thousands and dollars in millions, except per share amounts) for the periods presented: | ||||||||||||
Year ended December 31, | |||||||||||||
2014 | 2013 | 2012 | |||||||||||
Numerator: | |||||||||||||
Net income | $ | 226 | $ | 205 | $ | 194 | |||||||
Denominator: | |||||||||||||
Weighted average shares used to compute | 142,721 | 142,854 | 139,462 | ||||||||||
Basic EPS | |||||||||||||
Weighted average effect of dilutive | |||||||||||||
securities: | |||||||||||||
Stock options | 2,734 | 2,131 | 1,207 | ||||||||||
RSUs | 345 | 278 | 161 | ||||||||||
Stock warrants | - | - | 511 | ||||||||||
Weighted average shares used to compute | 145,800 | 145,263 | 141,341 | ||||||||||
Diluted EPS | |||||||||||||
Basic EPS | $ | 1.58 | $ | 1.44 | $ | 1.39 | |||||||
Diluted EPS | $ | 1.55 | $ | 1.41 | $ | 1.37 | |||||||
Common Shares Related to Stock Options, Stock Warrants and RSUs Excluded from Calculated Diluted EPS | The following potential common shares related to stock options and RSUs were excluded from the calculation of Diluted EPS because their effect would have been anti-dilutive for the periods presented: | ||||||||||||
Year ended December 31, | |||||||||||||
2014(1) | 2013(2) | 2012(3) | |||||||||||
Stock options | 1,450 | 2,244 | 3,944 | ||||||||||
RSUs | 191 | 27 | 21 | ||||||||||
Total | 1,641 | 2,271 | 3,965 | ||||||||||
-1 | These totals do not include 66,666 performance based options and 44,000 performance based RSUs representing the right to acquire 110,666 shares of common stock for which all targets required to trigger vesting had not been achieved; therefore, such awards were excluded from the calculation of weighted average shares used to compute Diluted EPS for those reporting periods. | ||||||||||||
-2 | These totals do not include 155,000 performance based options and 44,000 performance based RSUs representing the right to acquire 199,000 shares of common stock for which all targets required to trigger vesting had not been achieved; therefore, such awards were excluded from the calculation of weighted average shares used to compute Diluted EPS for those reporting periods. | ||||||||||||
-3 | These totals do not include 110,000 performance based options and 200,000 performance based RSUs representing the right to acquire 310,000 shares of common stock, respectively, for which all targets required to trigger vesting had not been achieved; therefore, such awards were excluded from the calculation of weighted average shares used to compute Diluted EPS for those reporting periods. |
Acquisitions_Tables
Acquisitions (Tables) | 12 Months Ended | ||||
Dec. 31, 2014 | |||||
Business Acquisition [Line Items] | |||||
Summary of Purchase Price Allocation Initially Recorded on Consolidated Balance Sheet for All Acquisitions | The following table presents the purchase price allocations initially recorded on our consolidated balance sheet for all 2014 acquisitions (in millions): | ||||
Total | |||||
Goodwill (1) | $ | 253 | |||
Intangible assets (2) | 194 | ||||
Net tangible assets (liabilities) (3) | (7 | ) | |||
Deferred tax liabilities, net | (40 | ) | |||
Total purchase price consideration (4) | $ | 400 | |||
-1 | Goodwill in the amount of $5 million is expected to be deductible for tax purposes. | ||||
-2 | Identifiable definite-lived intangible assets acquired during 2014 were comprised of trade names of $44 million with a weighted average life of 10.0 years, customer lists and supplier relationships of $82 million with a weighted average life of 7.2 years, subscriber relationships of $25 million with a weighted average life of 6.0 years and developed technology and other of $43 million with a weighted average life of 4.9 years. The overall weighted-average life of the identifiable definite-lived intangible assets acquired in the purchase of the companies during 2014 was 7.2 years, and will be amortized on a straight-line basis over their estimated useful lives from acquisition date. | ||||
-3 | Includes assets acquired, including cash of $62 million and accounts receivable of $25 million and liabilities assumed, including deferred merchant payables of $76 million, accrued expenses and other current liabilities of $15 million and deferred revenue of $5 million which reflect their respective fair values at acquisition date. | ||||
-4 | Subject to adjustment based on (i) final working capital adjustment calculations to be determined for Restopolis and Iens, and (ii) indemnification obligations for general representations and warranties of the acquired company stockholders. | ||||
2013 Acquisitions | |||||
Business Acquisition [Line Items] | |||||
Summary of Purchase Price Allocation Initially Recorded on Consolidated Balance Sheet for All Acquisitions | The following table presents the purchase price allocation recorded on our consolidated balance sheet at fair value for all 2013 acquisitions (in millions): | ||||
Total | |||||
Goodwill (1) | $ | 30 | |||
Intangible assets (2) | 19 | ||||
Net liabilities assumed (3) | (10 | ) | |||
Deferred tax assets | 1 | ||||
Total purchase price consideration (4) | $ | 40 | |||
-1 | Goodwill in the amount of $14 million is expected to be deductible for tax purposes. | ||||
-2 | Identifiable definite-lived intangible assets acquired during 2013 were comprised of trade names of $8 million, subscriber relationships of $8 million, and developed technology and other of $3 million. The overall weighted-average life of the identifiable definite-lived intangible assets acquired in the purchase of the companies during 2013 was 8.0 years, which is being amortized on a straight-line basis over their estimated useful lives from acquisition date. | ||||
-3 | Includes assets acquired, including cash of $3 million and accounts receivable of $2 million and liabilities assumed, including accounts payables of $11 million, accrued expenses and other current liabilities of $1 million and deferred revenue of $3 million which reflected their respective fair values at acquisition date. | ||||
-4 | Subject to adjustment based on (i) indemnification obligations for general representations and warranties of the acquired company stockholders. |
Stock_Based_Awards_and_Other_E1
Stock Based Awards and Other Equity Instruments (Tables) | 12 Months Ended | ||||||||||||||||
Dec. 31, 2014 | |||||||||||||||||
Disclosure Of Compensation Related Costs Sharebased Payments [Abstract] | |||||||||||||||||
Amount of Stock-Based Compensation Related to Stock-Based Awards, Primarily Stock Options and RSUs | The following table presents the amount of stock-based compensation related to stock-based awards, primarily stock options and RSUs, on our consolidated statements of operations during the periods presented: | ||||||||||||||||
Year ended December 31, | |||||||||||||||||
2014 | 2013 | 2012 | |||||||||||||||
(in millions) | |||||||||||||||||
Selling and marketing | $ | 13 | $ | 11 | $ | 5 | |||||||||||
Technology and content | 27 | 21 | 11 | ||||||||||||||
General and administrative | 23 | 17 | 14 | ||||||||||||||
Total stock-based compensation | 63 | 49 | 30 | ||||||||||||||
Income tax benefit from stock-based compensation | (24 | ) | (18 | ) | (10 | ) | |||||||||||
Total stock-based compensation, net of tax effect | $ | 39 | $ | 31 | $ | 20 | |||||||||||
Summary of Stock Option | A summary of our stock option activity is presented below: | ||||||||||||||||
Weighted | Weighted | ||||||||||||||||
Average | Average | ||||||||||||||||
Exercise | Remaining | Aggregate | |||||||||||||||
Options | Price Per | Contractual | Intrinsic | ||||||||||||||
Outstanding | Share | Life | Value | ||||||||||||||
(in thousands) | (in years) | (in millions) | |||||||||||||||
Options outstanding at December 31, 2013 | 9,470 | 40.18 | |||||||||||||||
Assumed options from acquisition | 101 | 16.36 | |||||||||||||||
Granted | 579 | 95.87 | |||||||||||||||
Exercised (1) | (1,202 | ) | 32.87 | ||||||||||||||
Cancelled or expired | (297 | ) | 45.4 | ||||||||||||||
Options outstanding at December 31, 2014 | 8,651 | $ | 44.47 | 5 | $ | 273 | |||||||||||
Exercisable as of December 31, 2014 | 4,080 | $ | 32.05 | 2.7 | $ | 174 | |||||||||||
Vested and expected to vest after December 31, 2014 | 8,445 | $ | 44.11 | 4.9 | $ | 269 | |||||||||||
-1 | Inclusive of 628,010 options, which were not converted into shares due to net share settlement in order to cover the aggregate exercise price and the minimum amount of required employee withholding taxes. Potential shares which had been convertible under stock options that were withheld under net share settlement remain in the authorized but unissued pool under the 2011 Incentive Plan and can be reissued by the Company. We began net-share settling the majority of our stock option exercises during the third quarter of 2013. Total payments for the employees’ tax obligations to the taxing authorities due to net share settlements are reflected as a financing activity within the consolidated statements of cash flows. | ||||||||||||||||
Weighted-Average Assumptions of Estimated Fair Value of Stock Option Grants | The fair value of stock option grants under the 2011 Plan and Viator Plan has been estimated at the date of grant using the Black–Scholes option pricing model with the following weighted average assumptions for the periods presented: | ||||||||||||||||
December 31, | |||||||||||||||||
2014 | 2013 | 2012 | |||||||||||||||
Risk free interest rate | 1.79 | % | 1.41 | % | 1.03 | % | |||||||||||
Expected term (in years) | 5.8 | 6.06 | 6.21 | ||||||||||||||
Expected volatility | 44.04 | % | 50.78 | % | 53.46 | % | |||||||||||
Expected dividend yield | — % | — % | — % | ||||||||||||||
Summary of RSU Activity | The following table presents a summary of our RSU activity: | ||||||||||||||||
Weighted | |||||||||||||||||
Average | |||||||||||||||||
Grant- | Aggregate | ||||||||||||||||
RSUs | Date Fair | Intrinsic | |||||||||||||||
Outstanding | Value Per Share | Value | |||||||||||||||
(in thousands) | (in millions) | ||||||||||||||||
Unvested RSUs outstanding as of December 31, 2013 | 1,135 | 49.64 | |||||||||||||||
Granted | 752 | 93.36 | |||||||||||||||
Vested and released (1) | (307 | ) | 46.78 | ||||||||||||||
Cancelled | (132 | ) | 67.5 | ||||||||||||||
Unvested RSUs outstanding as of December 31, 2014 | 1,448 | $ | 71.33 | $ | 108 | ||||||||||||
-1 | Inclusive of 103,641 RSUs withheld to satisfy employee minimum tax withholding requirements due to net share settlement. Potential shares which had been convertible under RSUs that were withheld under net share settlement remain in the authorized but unissued pool under the 2011 Plan and can be reissued by the Company. Total payments for the employees’ tax obligations to the taxing authorities due to net share settlements are reflected as a financing activity within the consolidated statements of cash flows. | ||||||||||||||||
Summary of Unrecognized Compensation Expense, Net of Estimated Forfeitures and Weighted Average Period Remaining | A summary of our remaining unrecognized compensation expense, net of estimated forfeitures, and the weighted average remaining amortization period at December 31, 2014 related to our non-vested stock options and RSU awards is presented below (in millions, except per year information): | ||||||||||||||||
Stock | |||||||||||||||||
Options | RSUs | ||||||||||||||||
Unrecognized compensation expense (net of forfeitures) | $ | 84 | $ | 70 | |||||||||||||
Weighted average period remaining (in years) | 2.7 | 2.9 | |||||||||||||||
Financial_Instruments_Tables
Financial Instruments (Tables) | 12 Months Ended | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Dec. 31, 2014 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Investments All Other Investments [Abstract] | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Schedule of Cash, Cash Equivalents and Marketable Securities | The following tables show our cash and available-for-sale securities’ amortized cost, gross unrealized gains, gross unrealized losses and fair value by significant investment category recorded as cash and cash equivalents or short and long-term marketable securities as of December 31, 2014 and December 31, 2013 (in millions): | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
31-Dec-14 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Cash and | Short-Term | Long-Term | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Amortized | Unrealized | Unrealized | Fair | Cash | Marketable | Marketable | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Cost | Gains | Losses | Value | Equivalents | Securities | Securities | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Cash | $ | 447 | $ | — | $ | — | $ | 447 | $ | 447 | $ | — | $ | — | |||||||||||||||
Level 1: | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Money market funds | 8 | — | — | 8 | 8 | — | — | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Level 2: | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
U.S. agency securities | 38 | — | — | 38 | — | 35 | 3 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Certificates of deposit | 8 | — | — | 8 | — | 8 | — | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Commercial paper | 1 | — | — | 1 | — | 1 | — | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Corporate debt securities | 92 | — | — | 92 | — | 64 | 28 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Subtotal | 139 | — | — | 139 | — | 108 | 31 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Total | $ | 594 | $ | — | $ | — | $ | 594 | $ | 455 | $ | 108 | $ | 31 | |||||||||||||||
31-Dec-13 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Cash and | Short-Term | Long-Term | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Amortized | Unrealized | Unrealized | Fair | Cash | Marketable | Marketable | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Cost | Gains | Losses | Value | Equivalents | Securities | Securities | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Cash | $ | 195 | $ | — | $ | — | $ | 195 | $ | 195 | $ | — | $ | — | |||||||||||||||
Level 1: | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Money market funds | 156 | — | — | 156 | 156 | — | — | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Level 2: | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
U.S. agency securities | 37 | — | — | 37 | — | 14 | 23 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Certificates of deposit | 23 | — | — | 23 | — | 16 | 7 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Commercial paper | 5 | — | — | 5 | — | 5 | — | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Corporate debt securities | 254 | — | — | 254 | — | 96 | 158 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Subtotal | 319 | — | — | 319 | — | 131 | 188 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Total | $ | 670 | $ | — | $ | — | $ | 670 | $ | 351 | $ | 131 | $ | 188 | |||||||||||||||
Fair Value and Notional Principal Amounts of Outstanding or Unsettled Derivative Instruments | The following table shows the notional principal amounts of our outstanding derivative instruments that are not designated as hedging instruments for the periods presented: | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
December 31, | December 31, | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
2014 | 2013 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
(in millions) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Foreign exchange-forward contracts (1)(2) | $ | 20 | $ | 5 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
-1 | Derivative contracts address foreign exchange fluctuations for the Euro versus the U.S. Dollar. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
-2 | The fair value of our derivatives are not material for all periods presented and are reported as liabilities in accrued and other current liabilities on our consolidated balance sheets. We measure the fair value of our outstanding or unsettled derivatives using Level 2 fair value inputs, as we use a pricing model that takes into account the contract terms as well as current foreign currency exchange rates in active markets. |
Property_and_Equipment_Net_Tab
Property and Equipment, Net (Tables) | 12 Months Ended | ||||||||
Dec. 31, 2014 | |||||||||
Property Plant And Equipment [Abstract] | |||||||||
Property and Equipment, Net | Property and equipment consists of the following for the periods presented: | ||||||||
December 31, | December 31, | ||||||||
2014 | 2013 | ||||||||
(in millions) | |||||||||
Capitalized software and website development | $ | 104 | $ | 73 | |||||
Leasehold improvements | 40 | 22 | |||||||
Computer equipment | 31 | 21 | |||||||
Furniture, office equipment and other | 11 | 6 | |||||||
186 | 122 | ||||||||
Less: accumulated depreciation | (77 | ) | (48 | ) | |||||
Construction in progress (1) | 86 | 8 | |||||||
Property and equipment, net | $ | 195 | $ | 82 | |||||
-1 | We capitalize construction in progress for build-to-suit lease agreements where we are considered the owner, for accounting purposes only, during the construction period. These amounts represent construction costs to date incurred by the landlord and the Company related to our future corporate headquarters in Needham, MA. During the years ended December 31, 2014 and 2013, we capitalized $52 million and $8 million, respectively, in non-cash construction costs which were incurred by the landlord, with a corresponding liability recorded in other long-term liabilities, and in addition, we capitalized $26 million in normal and structural tenant improvements on our consolidated balance sheet incurred by the Company. Refer to “Note 12 – Commitments and Contingencies,” for additional information on our future corporate headquarters lease. |
Goodwill_and_Intangible_Assets1
Goodwill and Intangible Assets, Net (Tables) | 12 Months Ended | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Dec. 31, 2014 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Goodwill And Intangible Assets Disclosure [Abstract] | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Summary of Changes in Goodwill | The following table summarizes our goodwill activity by segment for the periods presented: | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
TripAdvisor | Hotel | Other | Consolidated | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
(in millions) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Balance as of December 31, 2012 | $ | 472 | $ | - | $ | - | $ | 472 | |||||||||||||||||||||
Additions (1) | 30 | - | - | 30 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Balance as of December 31, 2013 | $ | 502 | $ | - | $ | - | $ | 502 | |||||||||||||||||||||
Additions (1) | 253 | - | - | 253 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Other adjustments (2) | (21 | ) | - | - | (21 | ) | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Allocation to new segments (3) | (734 | ) | 442 | 292 | - | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Ending balance as of December 31, 2014 | $ | - | $ | 442 | $ | 292 | $ | 734 | |||||||||||||||||||||
-1 | The additions to goodwill relate to our business acquisitions. See “Note 3— Acquisitions,” for further information. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
-2 | Primarily related to impact of changes in foreign exchange rates to goodwill. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
-3 | See “Note 16—Segments and Geographic Information” for information on our reporting segment changes in the fourth quarter of 2014. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Finite-Lived and Indefinite-Lived Intangible Assets Acquired as Part of Business Combination | Intangible assets, which were acquired in business combinations and recorded at fair value on the date of purchase, consist of the following for the periods presented: | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
December 31, | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
2014 | 2013 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
(in millions) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Intangible assets with definite lives | $ | 202 | $ | 36 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Less: accumulated amortization | (18 | ) | (14 | ) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Intangible assets with definite lives, net | 184 | 22 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Intangible assets with indefinite lives | 30 | 30 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
$ | 214 | $ | 52 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Components of Intangible Assets with Definite Lives | The following table presents the components of our intangible assets with definite lives for the periods presented: | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
December 31, 2014 | December 31, 2013 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Weighted Average | Gross | Net | Gross | Net | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Remaining Life | Carrying | Accumulated | Carrying | Carrying | Accumulated | Carrying | |||||||||||||||||||||||
(in years) | Amount | Amortization | Amount | Amount | Amortization | Amount | |||||||||||||||||||||||
(in millions) | (in millions) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Trade names and trademarks | 9.4 | $ | 52 | $ | (5 | ) | $ | 47 | $ | 18 | $ | (7 | ) | $ | 11 | ||||||||||||||
Customer lists and supplier relationships | 6.8 | 77 | (5 | ) | 72 | - | - | - | |||||||||||||||||||||
Subscriber relationships | 5.5 | 31 | (4 | ) | 27 | 14 | (6 | ) | 8 | ||||||||||||||||||||
Technology and other | 4.5 | 42 | (4 | ) | 38 | 4 | (1 | ) | 3 | ||||||||||||||||||||
Total | 6.8 | $ | 202 | $ | (18 | ) | $ | 184 | $ | 36 | $ | (14 | ) | $ | 22 | ||||||||||||||
Summary of Estimated Future Amortization Expense Related to Intangible Assets with Definite Lives | Refer to “Note 3— Acquisitions” above for a discussion of definite lived intangible assets acquired in business combinations during the years ended December 31, 2014 and 2013. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Intangible assets with definite lives are amortized on a straight-line basis. The estimated amortization expense for intangible assets with definite lives for each of the next five years, and the expense thereafter, assuming no subsequent impairment of the underlying assets, is expected to be as follows (in millions): | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
2015 | $ | 31 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
2016 | 31 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
2017 | 29 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
2018 | 27 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
2019 | 24 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
2020 and thereafter | 42 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Total | $ | 184 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Debt_Tables
Debt (Tables) | 12 Months Ended | ||||||||
Dec. 31, 2014 | |||||||||
Debt Disclosure [Abstract] | |||||||||
Summary of Total Outstanding Borrowings | Total outstanding borrowings under the Credit Agreement consist of the following: | ||||||||
December 31, | December 31, | ||||||||
2014 | 2013 | ||||||||
(in millions) | |||||||||
Short-Term Debt: | |||||||||
Term Loan | $ | 40 | $ | 40 | |||||
Total Short-Term Borrowings | $ | 40 | $ | 40 | |||||
Long-Term Debt: | |||||||||
Term Loan | $ | 260 | $ | 300 | |||||
Total Long-Term Borrowings | $ | 260 | $ | 300 | |||||
Schedule of Future Minimum Principal Payment Obligations | The future minimum principal payment obligations due under the Credit Agreement related to our Term Loan is as follows: | ||||||||
Principal Payments | |||||||||
December 31, | (in millions) | ||||||||
2015 | $ | 40 | |||||||
2016 | 260 | ||||||||
Total | $ | 300 | |||||||
Income_Taxes_Tables
Income Taxes (Tables) | 12 Months Ended | ||||||||||||
Dec. 31, 2014 | |||||||||||||
Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract] | |||||||||||||
Summary of Our Domestic and Foreign Income Before Income Taxes | The following table presents a summary of our domestic and foreign income before income taxes: | ||||||||||||
Year Ended December 31, | |||||||||||||
2014 | 2013 | 2012 | |||||||||||
(in millions) | |||||||||||||
Domestic | $ | 146 | $ | 129 | $ | 133 | |||||||
Foreign | 176 | 155 | 149 | ||||||||||
Total | $ | 322 | $ | 284 | $ | 282 | |||||||
Summary of the Components of Our Provision for Income Taxes | The following table presents a summary of the components of our provision for income taxes: | ||||||||||||
Year Ended December 31, | |||||||||||||
2014 | 2013 | 2012 | |||||||||||
(in millions) | |||||||||||||
Current income tax expense: | |||||||||||||
Federal | $ | 93 | $ | 48 | $ | 56 | |||||||
State | 14 | 9 | 6 | ||||||||||
Foreign | 6 | 17 | 30 | ||||||||||
Current income tax expense | 113 | 74 | 92 | ||||||||||
Deferred income tax (benefit) expense: | |||||||||||||
Federal | (12 | ) | 6 | (3 | ) | ||||||||
State | (1 | ) | 1 | — | |||||||||
Foreign | (4 | ) | (2 | ) | (2 | ) | |||||||
Deferred income tax (benefit) expense: | (17 | ) | 5 | (5 | ) | ||||||||
Provision for income taxes | $ | 96 | $ | 79 | $ | 87 | |||||||
Summary of Deferred Tax Assets and Deferred Tax Liabilities | Our deferred tax assets and deferred tax liabilities as of December 31, 2014 and 2013 are as follows: | ||||||||||||
December 31, | |||||||||||||
2014 | 2013 | ||||||||||||
(in millions) | |||||||||||||
Deferred tax assets: | |||||||||||||
Stock-based compensation | $ | 43 | $ | 30 | |||||||||
Net operating loss carryforwards | 34 | 18 | |||||||||||
Provision for accrued expenses | 13 | 7 | |||||||||||
Deferred rent | 5 | — | |||||||||||
Build-to-suit lease | 26 | — | |||||||||||
Foreign advertising spend | 9 | — | |||||||||||
Other | 5 | 4 | |||||||||||
Total deferred tax assets | $ | 135 | $ | 59 | |||||||||
Less: valuation allowance | (19 | ) | (13 | ) | |||||||||
Net deferred tax assets | $ | 116 | $ | 46 | |||||||||
Deferred tax liabilities: | |||||||||||||
Intangible assets | $ | (88 | ) | $ | (32 | ) | |||||||
Property and equipment | (25 | ) | (18 | ) | |||||||||
Prepaid expenses | (4 | ) | (2 | ) | |||||||||
Lease financing obligation | (26 | ) | — | ||||||||||
Other | (1 | ) | (2 | ) | |||||||||
Total deferred tax liabilities | $ | (144 | ) | $ | (54 | ) | |||||||
Net deferred tax liability | $ | (28 | ) | $ | (8 | ) | |||||||
Reconciliation of the Provision for Income Taxes | A reconciliation of the provision for income taxes to the amounts computed by applying the statutory federal income tax rate to income before income taxes is as follows: | ||||||||||||
Year Ended December 31, | |||||||||||||
2014 | 2013 | 2012 | |||||||||||
(in millions) | |||||||||||||
Income tax expense at the federal statutory rate of 35% | $ | 113 | $ | 100 | $ | 99 | |||||||
Foreign rate differential | (49 | ) | (41 | ) | (25 | ) | |||||||
State income taxes, net of effect of federal tax benefit | 13 | 8 | 5 | ||||||||||
Unrecognized tax benefits and related interest | 14 | 9 | 5 | ||||||||||
Non-deductible transaction costs | 1 | — | — | ||||||||||
Change in valuation allowance | 5 | 2 | 2 | ||||||||||
Other, net | (1 | ) | 1 | 1 | |||||||||
Provision for income taxes | $ | 96 | $ | 79 | $ | 87 | |||||||
Reconciliation of the Beginning and Ending Amount of Gross Unrecognized Tax Benefits | A reconciliation of the beginning and ending amount of gross unrecognized tax benefits (excluding interest and penalties) is as follows: | ||||||||||||
December 31, | |||||||||||||
2014 | 2013 | 2012 | |||||||||||
(in millions) | |||||||||||||
Balance, beginning of year | $ | 36 | $ | 24 | $ | 13 | |||||||
Increases to tax positions related to the current year | 13 | 12 | 12 | ||||||||||
Increases to tax positions related to the prior year | 18 | 4 | — | ||||||||||
Reductions due to lapsed statute of limitations | — | — | — | ||||||||||
Decreases to tax positions related to the prior year | — | (4 | ) | — | |||||||||
Settlements during current year | — | — | (1 | ) | |||||||||
Balance, end of year | $ | 67 | $ | 36 | $ | 24 | |||||||
Accrued_Expenses_and_Other_Cur1
Accrued Expenses and Other Current Liabilities (Tables) | 12 Months Ended | ||||||||
Dec. 31, 2014 | |||||||||
Payables And Accruals [Abstract] | |||||||||
Details of Accrued Expenses and Other Current Liabilities | Accrued expenses and other current liabilities consisted of the following for the periods presented: | ||||||||
December 31, | December 31, | ||||||||
2014 | 2013 | ||||||||
(in millions) | |||||||||
Accrued salary, bonus, and related benefits | $ | 41 | $ | 35 | |||||
Accrued marketing costs | 24 | 22 | |||||||
Accrued charitable foundation payments (1) | 9 | 7 | |||||||
Other | 40 | 22 | |||||||
Total accrued expenses and other current liabilities | $ | 114 | $ | 86 | |||||
-1 | See “Note 12— Commitments and Contingencies” for information regarding our charitable foundation. |
Other_LongTerm_Liabilities_Tab
Other Long-Term Liabilities (Tables) | 12 Months Ended | ||||||||
Dec. 31, 2014 | |||||||||
Other Liabilities Noncurrent [Abstract] | |||||||||
Schedule of Other Long-Term Liabilities | Other long-term liabilities consisted of the following for the periods presented: | ||||||||
December 31, | December 31, | ||||||||
2014 | 2013 | ||||||||
(in millions) | |||||||||
Unrecognized tax benefits (1) | $ | 68 | $ | 38 | |||||
Construction liabilities (2) | 67 | 8 | |||||||
Other (3) | 19 | 6 | |||||||
Total other long-term liabilities | $ | 154 | $ | 52 | |||||
-1 | See “Note 9—Income Taxes” for additional information on our unrecognized tax benefits. Amount includes accrued interest related to this liability. | ||||||||
-2 | We capitalize construction in progress and record a corresponding long-term liability for build-to-suit lease agreements where we are considered the owner during the construction period for accounting purposes only. Refer to “Note 12 – Commitments and Contingencies,” for additional information on our future corporate headquarters lease. | ||||||||
-3 | Amounts primarily consist of long term deferred rent balances related to operating leases for office space. |
Commitments_and_Contingencies_
Commitments and Contingencies (Tables) | 12 Months Ended | ||||||||||||||||||||
Dec. 31, 2014 | |||||||||||||||||||||
Commitments And Contingencies Disclosure [Abstract] | |||||||||||||||||||||
Material Commitments and Obligations | The following table summarizes our material commitments and obligations as of December 31, 2014 and excludes amounts already recorded on the consolidated balance sheet: | ||||||||||||||||||||
By Period | |||||||||||||||||||||
Total | Less than | 1 to 3 years | 3 to 5 years | More than | |||||||||||||||||
1 year | 5 years | ||||||||||||||||||||
(in millions) | |||||||||||||||||||||
Operating leases (1) | $ | 114 | $ | 19 | $ | 27 | $ | 26 | $ | 42 | |||||||||||
Build to suit lease obligation (2) | 143 | 1 | 18 | 18 | 106 | ||||||||||||||||
Expected interest payments on Term Loan (3) | 9 | 5 | 4 | — | — | ||||||||||||||||
Total (4)(5)(6)(7) | $ | 266 | $ | 25 | $ | 49 | $ | 44 | $ | 148 | |||||||||||
-1 | Estimated future minimum rental payments under operating leases with non-cancelable lease terms. | ||||||||||||||||||||
-2 | Estimated future minimum rental payments for our future corporate headquarters in Needham, MA. | ||||||||||||||||||||
-3 | The amounts included as expected interest payments on the Term Loan in this table are based on the current effective interest rate and payment terms as of December 31, 2014, but, could change significantly in the future. Amounts assume that our existing debt is repaid at maturity and do not assume additional borrowings or refinancings of existing debt. Refer to “Note 8— Debt” for additional information, including principal payments expected to be paid over the next two years, on our Term Loan. | ||||||||||||||||||||
-4 | Excluded from the table was $68 million of unrecognized tax benefits, including accrued interest, that we have recorded in other long-term liabilities for which we cannot make a reasonably reliable estimate of the amount and period of payment. We estimate that approximately $1 million will be paid within the next twelve months. | ||||||||||||||||||||
-5 | Excluded from the table is our obligation to fund a charitable foundation. The Board of Directors of the charitable foundation is currently comprised of Stephen Kaufer- President and Chief Executive Officer, Julie M.B. Bradley-Chief Financial Officer and Seth J. Kalvert- Senior Vice President, General Counsel and Secretary. Our obligation was calculated at 2.0% of OIBA in 2014. For a discussion regarding OIBA see “Note 16— Segment and Geographic Information” in the notes to the consolidated financial statements. This future commitment has been excluded from the table above. | ||||||||||||||||||||
-6 | Excludes spending on anticipated leasehold improvements on our Needham, Massachusetts lease, including design, development, construction costs, and the purchase and installation of equipment, net of related landlord incentives, which we estimate will be in the range of $25-$30 million primarily incurred during the first six months of 2015. | ||||||||||||||||||||
-7 | Excludes current liabilities already recorded on the consolidated balance sheet at December 31, 2014, as these liabilities are expected to be paid within one year. |
Stockholders_Equity_Tables
Stockholders' Equity (Tables) | 12 Months Ended | ||||||||
Dec. 31, 2014 | |||||||||
Equity [Abstract] | |||||||||
Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss Primarily Comprised of Accumulated Foreign Currency Translation Adjustments | Accumulated other comprehensive loss is primarily comprised of accumulated foreign currency translation adjustments, as follows for the periods presented: | ||||||||
December 31, | December 31, | ||||||||
2014 | 2013 | ||||||||
(In millions) | |||||||||
Cumulative foreign currency translation adjustments (1) | $ | (31 | ) | $ | — | ||||
Total accumulated other comprehensive loss | $ | (31 | ) | $ | — | ||||
-1 | We consider our foreign subsidiary earnings indefinitely reinvested; therefore; deferred taxes are not provided on foreign currency translation adjustments. |
Segment_and_Geographic_Informa1
Segment and Geographic Information (Tables) | 12 Months Ended | ||||||||||||||||
Dec. 31, 2014 | |||||||||||||||||
Segment Reporting [Abstract] | |||||||||||||||||
Summary of Segment Information | The following tables present our segment information for the years ended December 31, 2014, 2013 and 2012. | ||||||||||||||||
Year ended December 31, 2014 | |||||||||||||||||
Hotel | Other | Corporate and | Total | ||||||||||||||
unallocated | |||||||||||||||||
(in millions) | |||||||||||||||||
Revenue | $ | 1,135 | $ | 111 | $ | — | $ | 1,246 | |||||||||
Adjusted EBITDA (1) | 472 | (4 | ) | — | 468 | ||||||||||||
Depreciation | — | — | (47 | ) | (47 | ) | |||||||||||
Amortization of intangible assets | — | — | (18 | ) | (18 | ) | |||||||||||
Stock-based compensation | — | — | (63 | ) | (63 | ) | |||||||||||
Operating income (loss) | $ | 472 | $ | (4 | ) | $ | (128 | ) | 340 | ||||||||
Other expense, net | (18 | ) | |||||||||||||||
Income before income taxes | 322 | ||||||||||||||||
Provision for income taxes | (96 | ) | |||||||||||||||
Net income | 226 | ||||||||||||||||
Year ended December 31, 2013 | |||||||||||||||||
Hotel | Other | Corporate and | Total | ||||||||||||||
unallocated | |||||||||||||||||
(in millions) | |||||||||||||||||
Revenue | $ | 899 | $ | 46 | $ | — | $ | 945 | |||||||||
Adjusted EBITDA (1) | 384 | (5 | ) | — | 379 | ||||||||||||
Depreciation | — | — | (30 | ) | (30 | ) | |||||||||||
Amortization of intangible assets | — | — | (6 | ) | (6 | ) | |||||||||||
Stock-based compensation | — | — | (49 | ) | (49 | ) | |||||||||||
Operating income (loss) | $ | 384 | $ | (5 | ) | $ | (85 | ) | 294 | ||||||||
Other expense, net | (10 | ) | |||||||||||||||
Income before income taxes | 284 | ||||||||||||||||
Provision for income taxes | (79 | ) | |||||||||||||||
Net income | 205 | ||||||||||||||||
Year ended December 31, 2012 | |||||||||||||||||
Hotel | Other | Corporate and | Total | ||||||||||||||
unallocated | |||||||||||||||||
(in millions) | |||||||||||||||||
Revenue | $ | 732 | $ | 31 | $ | — | $ | 763 | |||||||||
Adjusted EBITDA (1) | 349 | 3 | — | 352 | |||||||||||||
Depreciation | — | — | (20 | ) | (20 | ) | |||||||||||
Amortization of intangible assets | — | — | (6 | ) | (6 | ) | |||||||||||
Stock-based compensation | — | — | (30 | ) | (30 | ) | |||||||||||
Operating income (loss) | $ | 349 | $ | 3 | $ | (56 | ) | 296 | |||||||||
Other expense, net | (14 | ) | |||||||||||||||
Income before income taxes | 282 | ||||||||||||||||
Provision for income taxes | (87 | ) | |||||||||||||||
Net income | 195 | ||||||||||||||||
-1 | Includes allocated general and administrative expenses in our Hotel segment of $87 million, $72 million and $56 million; and in our Other segment of $18 million, $9 million and $6 million for the years ended December 31, 2014, 2013 and 2012, respectively. | ||||||||||||||||
Reconciliation of Adjusted EBITDA to Net Income | The following table is a reconciliation of our Adjusted EBITDA to net income, the most directly comparable financial measure calculated and presented in accordance with GAAP, for the periods presented: | ||||||||||||||||
Year ended December 31, | |||||||||||||||||
2014 | 2013 | 2012 | |||||||||||||||
(in millions) | |||||||||||||||||
Adjusted EBITDA | $ | 468 | $ | 379 | $ | 352 | |||||||||||
Depreciation (1) | (47 | ) | (30 | ) | (20 | ) | |||||||||||
OIBA (2) | 421 | 349 | 332 | ||||||||||||||
Amortization of intangible assets | (18 | ) | (6 | ) | (6 | ) | |||||||||||
Stock-based compensation | (63 | ) | (49 | ) | (30 | ) | |||||||||||
Other expense, net | (18 | ) | (10 | ) | (14 | ) | |||||||||||
Provision for income taxes | (96 | ) | (79 | ) | (87 | ) | |||||||||||
Net income | $ | 226 | $ | 205 | $ | 195 | |||||||||||
-1 | Includes amortization of internal use software and website development costs. | ||||||||||||||||
-2 | We define OIBA as net income (loss) plus: (1) provision for income taxes; (2) other income (expense), net; (3) stock-based compensation; (4) amortization of intangible assets; and (5) non-recurring expenses. This operating metric is only used by our management to calculate our annual obligation for our charitable foundation. Refer to “Note 12— Commitments and Contingencies” for a discussion of our charitable foundation. | ||||||||||||||||
Summary of Total Revenue by Product | The following table presents revenue by product for the periods presented: | ||||||||||||||||
Year ended December 31, | |||||||||||||||||
2014 | 2013 | 2012 | |||||||||||||||
(in millions) | |||||||||||||||||
Click-based advertising | $ | 870 | $ | 696 | $ | 588 | |||||||||||
Display-based advertising | 140 | 119 | 94 | ||||||||||||||
Subscription, transaction and other | 236 | 130 | 81 | ||||||||||||||
Total revenue | $ | 1,246 | $ | 945 | $ | 763 | |||||||||||
Summary of Revenue by Geographic Area | The following table presents revenue by geographic area, the United States, the United Kingdom and all other countries, based on the geographic location of our websites for the periods presented: | ||||||||||||||||
Year ended December 31, | |||||||||||||||||
2014 | 2013 | 2012 | |||||||||||||||
(in millions) | |||||||||||||||||
Revenue | |||||||||||||||||
United States | $ | 593 | $ | 463 | $ | 386 | |||||||||||
United Kingdom | 191 | 141 | 110 | ||||||||||||||
All other countries | 462 | 341 | 267 | ||||||||||||||
$ | 1,246 | $ | 945 | $ | 763 | ||||||||||||
Property and Equipment, Net | The following table presents property and equipment, net for the United States and all other countries based on the geographic location of the assets for the periods presented: | ||||||||||||||||
December 31, | |||||||||||||||||
2014 | 2013 | ||||||||||||||||
(in millions) | |||||||||||||||||
Property and equipment, net | |||||||||||||||||
United States | $ | 170 | $ | 67 | |||||||||||||
All other countries | 25 | 15 | |||||||||||||||
$ | 195 | $ | 82 | ||||||||||||||
Interest_Income_and_Other_Net_
Interest Income and Other, Net (Tables) | 12 Months Ended | ||||||||||||
Dec. 31, 2014 | |||||||||||||
Interest And Other Income [Abstract] | |||||||||||||
Schedule of Interest Income and Other, Net | The following table presents the detail of interest income and other, net, for the periods presented: | ||||||||||||
Year Ended December 31, | |||||||||||||
2014 | 2013 | 2012 | |||||||||||
(in millions) | |||||||||||||
Net loss, realized and unrealized, on foreign exchange and | $ | (10 | ) | $ | (2 | ) | $ | (3 | ) | ||||
foreign currency derivative contracts and other, net | |||||||||||||
Interest income | 1 | 2 | - | ||||||||||
Total interest income and other, net | $ | (9 | ) | $ | - | $ | (3 | ) | |||||
Quarterly_Financial_Informatio1
Quarterly Financial Information (Tables) | 12 Months Ended | ||||||||||||||||
Dec. 31, 2014 | |||||||||||||||||
Quarterly Financial Information Disclosure [Abstract] | |||||||||||||||||
Schedule of Quarterly Financial Information | The following table presents selected unaudited financial information for the eight quarters in the period ended December 31, 2014. The results for any quarter are not necessarily indicative of future quarterly results and, accordingly, period to period comparisons should not be relied upon as an indication of future performance. | ||||||||||||||||
Three Months Ended | |||||||||||||||||
March 31 | June 30 | September 30 | December 31 | ||||||||||||||
(in millions) | |||||||||||||||||
Year ended December 31, 2014 | |||||||||||||||||
Revenue | $ | 281 | $ | 323 | $ | 354 | $ | 288 | |||||||||
Operating income | 96 | 100 | 84 | 60 | |||||||||||||
Net income | 68 | 68 | 54 | 36 | |||||||||||||
Net income attributable to TripAdvisor, Inc. | 68 | 68 | 54 | 36 | |||||||||||||
Basic earnings per share | $ | 0.48 | $ | 0.48 | $ | 0.38 | $ | 0.25 | |||||||||
Diluted earnings per share | $ | 0.47 | $ | 0.47 | $ | 0.37 | $ | 0.25 | |||||||||
Year ended December 31, 2013 | |||||||||||||||||
Revenue | $ | 230 | $ | 247 | $ | 255 | $ | 213 | |||||||||
Operating income | 88 | 94 | 84 | 28 | |||||||||||||
Net income | 62 | 67 | 56 | 20 | |||||||||||||
Net income attributable to TripAdvisor, Inc. | 62 | 67 | 56 | 20 | |||||||||||||
Basic earnings per share | $ | 0.44 | $ | 0.47 | $ | 0.39 | $ | 0.14 | |||||||||
Diluted earnings per share | $ | 0.43 | $ | 0.46 | $ | 0.38 | $ | 0.14 | |||||||||
Organization_and_Business_Desc1
Organization and Business Description - Additional Information (Detail) | 12 Months Ended | 0 Months Ended | 12 Months Ended | |
Dec. 31, 2014 | Dec. 31, 2011 | Dec. 11, 2012 | Dec. 31, 2013 | |
Segment | Company | |||
Country | ||||
Brand | ||||
Description Of Business And Basis Of Presentation [Line Items] | ||||
Number of separate independent public companies | 2 | |||
Number of countries with localized versions of website | 45 | |||
Number of other media brands with websites | 24 | |||
Number of reportable segment | 2 | |||
Other Segment | ||||
Description Of Business And Basis Of Presentation [Line Items] | ||||
Number of operating segments | 3 | |||
Class B Common Stock | ||||
Description Of Business And Basis Of Presentation [Line Items] | ||||
Right to voting | 10 votes per share | |||
Vote per common stock share | 10 | |||
Liberty | ||||
Description Of Business And Basis Of Presentation [Line Items] | ||||
Common stock purchased by Liberty | 4,799,848 | |||
Beneficially ownership of shares of common stock | 18,159,752 | |||
Percentage of interest held by related party | 100.00% | 100.00% | ||
Liberty | Class B Common Stock | ||||
Description Of Business And Basis Of Presentation [Line Items] | ||||
Beneficially ownership of shares of common stock | 12,799,999 | |||
Beneficially ownership of shares of Common Stock Class B | 12,799,999 | |||
LTRIP | ||||
Description Of Business And Basis Of Presentation [Line Items] | ||||
Beneficially ownership of shares of common stock | 18,159,752 | |||
Percentage taken from outstanding shares of common stock | 14.00% | |||
Percentage of beneficially ownership of shares of common stock | 21.70% | |||
Right to voting | one vote per share | |||
Vote per common stock share | 1 | |||
Beneficially ownership of equity securities | 56.60% | |||
LTRIP | Class B Common Stock | ||||
Description Of Business And Basis Of Presentation [Line Items] | ||||
Beneficially ownership of shares of common stock | 12,799,999 | |||
Percentage taken from outstanding shares of common stock | 100.00% | |||
Percentage taken from outstanding shares of Class B Common Stock | 100.00% | |||
Right to voting | Ten votes per share | |||
Vote per common stock share | 10 |
Significant_Accounting_Policie3
Significant Accounting Policies - Additional Information (Detail) (USD $) | 12 Months Ended | ||
Dec. 31, 2014 | Dec. 31, 2013 | Dec. 31, 2012 | |
Schedule Of Accounting Policies [Line Items] | |||
Minimum maturity for short term marketable security | 90 days | ||
Maximum remaining maturity for short term marketable security | 12 months | ||
Maximum maturity period for marketable security | 3 years | ||
Weighted Average Maturity | 18 months | ||
Minimum maturity at purchase date for a short term marketable security | 90 days | ||
Accounts receivable due period | 30 days | ||
Minimum probability that the fair value of the reporting unit is less than the carrying amount | 50.00% | ||
Goodwill, Impairment Loss | $0 | $0 | $0 |
Indefinite-lived intangible assets, Impairment Loss | 0 | 0 | 0 |
Foreign exchange losses | 10,000,000 | 0 | 3,000,000 |
Advertising expense | 341,000,000 | 237,000,000 | 175,000,000 |
Prepaid marketing expenses | 5,000,000 | 1,000,000 | |
Prepaid Expense, Current | 5,000,000 | ||
Deferred merchant payables | 93,000,000 | 30,000,000 | |
Payable balance acquired with business acquisition | 76,000,000 | ||
Stock Options | |||
Schedule Of Accounting Policies [Line Items] | |||
Stock options vest period | 4 years | ||
Restricted Stock Units | |||
Schedule Of Accounting Policies [Line Items] | |||
Stock options vest period | 4 years | ||
Minimum | |||
Schedule Of Accounting Policies [Line Items] | |||
Depreciation over the estimated useful lives of the assets | 3 years | ||
Amortized estimated useful lives of Intangible assets | 2 years | ||
Maximum | |||
Schedule Of Accounting Policies [Line Items] | |||
Depreciation over the estimated useful lives of the assets | 5 years | ||
Amortized estimated useful lives of Intangible assets | 12 years | ||
Expedia | Reclassification of Operating Cash Flow | |||
Schedule Of Accounting Policies [Line Items] | |||
Prior Period Reclassification Adjustment | -8,000,000 | 17,000,000 | |
Expedia | Reclassification of Revenue | |||
Schedule Of Accounting Policies [Line Items] | |||
Prior Period Reclassification Adjustment | 217,000,000 | 204,000,000 | |
Expedia | Reclassification of Receivables | |||
Schedule Of Accounting Policies [Line Items] | |||
Prior Period Reclassification Adjustment | ($16,000,000) | ||
Customer Concentration Risk | Sales | Expedia | |||
Schedule Of Accounting Policies [Line Items] | |||
Customer concentration risk | 10.00% | 10.00% | 10.00% |
Customer Concentration Risk | Sales | Expedia and Priceline | |||
Schedule Of Accounting Policies [Line Items] | |||
Customer concentration risk | 46.00% | 47.00% | 48.00% |
Customer Concentration Risk | Sales | Priceline | |||
Schedule Of Accounting Policies [Line Items] | |||
Customer concentration risk | 10.00% | 10.00% | 10.00% |
Credit Concentration Risk | Accounts Receivable | Expedia | |||
Schedule Of Accounting Policies [Line Items] | |||
Customer concentration risk | 15.00% | 14.00% |
Significant_Accounting_Policie4
Significant Accounting Policies - Summary of Changes in the Allowance for Doubtful Accounts (Detail) (Allowance for Doubtful Accounts, USD $) | 12 Months Ended | ||
In Millions, unless otherwise specified | Dec. 31, 2014 | Dec. 31, 2013 | Dec. 31, 2012 |
Allowance for Doubtful Accounts | |||
Valuation And Qualifying Accounts Disclosure [Line Items] | |||
Balance, beginning of period | $3 | $3 | $5 |
Charges (recoveries) to earnings | 3 | 1 | -1 |
Write-offs, net of recoveries and other adjustments | 1 | -1 | -1 |
Balance, end of period | $7 | $3 | $3 |
Significant_Accounting_Policie5
Significant Accounting Policies - Reconciliation of Weighted Average Number of Shares of Common Stock Outstanding In Calculating EPS (Detail) (USD $) | 3 Months Ended | 12 Months Ended | |||||||||
In Millions, except Share data in Thousands, unless otherwise specified | Dec. 31, 2014 | Sep. 30, 2014 | Jun. 30, 2014 | Mar. 31, 2014 | Dec. 31, 2013 | Sep. 30, 2013 | Jun. 30, 2013 | Mar. 31, 2013 | Dec. 31, 2014 | Dec. 31, 2013 | Dec. 31, 2012 |
Numerator: | |||||||||||
Net income | $36 | $54 | $68 | $68 | $20 | $56 | $67 | $62 | $226 | $205 | $194 |
Denominator: | |||||||||||
Basic | 142,721 | 142,854 | 139,462 | ||||||||
Weighted average effect of dilutive securities: | |||||||||||
Stock options | 2,734 | 2,131 | 1,207 | ||||||||
RSUs | 345 | 278 | 161 | ||||||||
Stock warrants | 511 | ||||||||||
Weighted average shares used to compute Diluted EPS | 145,800 | 145,263 | 141,341 | ||||||||
Basic | $0.25 | $0.38 | $0.48 | $0.48 | $0.14 | $0.39 | $0.47 | $0.44 | $1.58 | $1.44 | $1.39 |
Diluted | $0.25 | $0.37 | $0.47 | $0.47 | $0.14 | $0.38 | $0.46 | $0.43 | $1.55 | $1.41 | $1.37 |
Significant_Accounting_Policie6
Significant Accounting Policies - Common Shares Related to Stock Options, Stock Warrants and RSUs Excluded from Calculated Diluted EPS (Detail) | 12 Months Ended | |||||
Dec. 31, 2014 | Dec. 31, 2013 | Dec. 31, 2012 | ||||
Antidilutive Securities Excluded From Computation Of Earnings Per Share [Line Items] | ||||||
Antidilutive securities excluded from computation of earnings per share, amount | 1,641,000 | [1] | 2,271,000 | [2] | 3,965,000 | [3] |
Stock Option | ||||||
Antidilutive Securities Excluded From Computation Of Earnings Per Share [Line Items] | ||||||
Antidilutive securities excluded from computation of earnings per share, amount | 1,450,000 | [1] | 2,244,000 | [2] | 3,944,000 | [3] |
Restricted Stock Units | ||||||
Antidilutive Securities Excluded From Computation Of Earnings Per Share [Line Items] | ||||||
Antidilutive securities excluded from computation of earnings per share, amount | 191,000 | [1] | 27,000 | [2] | 21,000 | [3] |
[1] | These totals do not include 66,666 performance based options and 44,000 performance based RSUs representing the right to acquire 110,666 shares of common stock for which all targets required to trigger vesting had not been achieved; therefore, such awards were excluded from the calculation of weighted average shares used to compute Diluted EPS for those reporting periods. | |||||
[2] | These totals do not include 155,000 performance based options and 44,000 performance based RSUs representing the right to acquire 199,000 shares of common stock for which all targets required to trigger vesting had not been achieved; therefore, such awards were excluded from the calculation of weighted average shares used to compute Diluted EPS for those reporting periods. | |||||
[3] | These totals do not include 110,000 performance based options and 200,000 performance based RSUs representing the right to acquire 310,000 shares of common stock, respectively, for which all targets required to trigger vesting had not been achieved; therefore, such awards were excluded from the calculation of weighted average shares used to compute Diluted EPS for those reporting periods. |
Significant_Accounting_Policie7
Significant Accounting Policies - Common Shares Related to Stock Options, Stock Warrants and RSUs Excluded from Calculated Diluted EPS (Parenthetical) (Detail) | 12 Months Ended | |||||
Dec. 31, 2014 | Dec. 31, 2013 | Dec. 31, 2012 | ||||
Antidilutive Securities Excluded From Computation Of Earnings Per Share [Line Items] | ||||||
Total Performance based options and restricted stock units, bearing right to acquire common stock | 66,666 | 155,000 | 110,000 | |||
Antidilutive securities excluded from computation of earnings per share, amount | 1,641,000 | [1] | 2,271,000 | [2] | 3,965,000 | [3] |
Performance Shares | ||||||
Antidilutive Securities Excluded From Computation Of Earnings Per Share [Line Items] | ||||||
Antidilutive securities excluded from computation of earnings per share, amount | 110,666 | 199,000 | 310,000 | |||
Restricted Stock Units | ||||||
Antidilutive Securities Excluded From Computation Of Earnings Per Share [Line Items] | ||||||
Antidilutive securities excluded from computation of earnings per share, amount | 191,000 | [1] | 27,000 | [2] | 21,000 | [3] |
Restricted stock units, bearing right to acquire common stock | 44,000 | 44,000 | 200,000 | |||
[1] | These totals do not include 66,666 performance based options and 44,000 performance based RSUs representing the right to acquire 110,666 shares of common stock for which all targets required to trigger vesting had not been achieved; therefore, such awards were excluded from the calculation of weighted average shares used to compute Diluted EPS for those reporting periods. | |||||
[2] | These totals do not include 155,000 performance based options and 44,000 performance based RSUs representing the right to acquire 199,000 shares of common stock for which all targets required to trigger vesting had not been achieved; therefore, such awards were excluded from the calculation of weighted average shares used to compute Diluted EPS for those reporting periods. | |||||
[3] | These totals do not include 110,000 performance based options and 200,000 performance based RSUs representing the right to acquire 310,000 shares of common stock, respectively, for which all targets required to trigger vesting had not been achieved; therefore, such awards were excluded from the calculation of weighted average shares used to compute Diluted EPS for those reporting periods. |
Acquisitions_Additional_Inform
Acquisitions - Additional Information (Details) (USD $) | 1 Months Ended | 12 Months Ended | ||
In Millions, except Share data, unless otherwise specified | Aug. 31, 2014 | Dec. 31, 2014 | Dec. 31, 2013 | Dec. 31, 2012 |
Property | Business | |||
Business | ||||
Business Acquisition [Line Items] | ||||
Cash consideration paid, net of cash acquired | $331 | $35 | $3 | |
Cash acquired from acquisition | 62 | 3 | ||
Noncontrolling interest subsidiary, remaining amount | 22 | |||
Series of Individually Immaterial Business Acquisitions | ||||
Business Acquisition [Line Items] | ||||
Acquisition-related costs | 4 | 2 | ||
Total purchase price consideration | 192 | 208 | 40 | 3 |
Cash consideration paid | 187 | |||
Cash consideration paid, net of cash acquired | 132 | 199 | 35 | |
Cash acquired from acquisition | 55 | 7 | 3 | |
Stock option issued related to acquisition | 100,595 | |||
Fair value of stock option issued related to acquisition | 5 | |||
Unrecognized compensation expense, Stock Options | 3 | |||
Period of recognition (in years) | 3 years | |||
Number of business acquired | 6 | 6 | ||
Cash held back on acquisition | 2 | 2 | ||
Number of properties featured | 14,000 | |||
Percentage of consolidated revenue accounted by acquisitions | 3.00% | |||
Repayment of cash held back on acquisition | $1 | |||
Vacation Home Rentals | ||||
Business Acquisition [Line Items] | ||||
Business acquisition percentage of outstanding shares of capital stock | 100.00% | |||
Date of acquisition | 31-May-14 | |||
Tripbod | ||||
Business Acquisition [Line Items] | ||||
Business acquisition percentage of outstanding shares of capital stock | 100.00% | |||
Date of acquisition | 31-May-14 | |||
Lafourchette | ||||
Business Acquisition [Line Items] | ||||
Business acquisition percentage of outstanding shares of capital stock | 100.00% | |||
Date of acquisition | 31-May-14 | |||
MyTable and Restopolis | ||||
Business Acquisition [Line Items] | ||||
Business acquisition percentage of outstanding shares of capital stock | 100.00% | |||
Date of acquisition | 31-Oct-14 | |||
Iens | ||||
Business Acquisition [Line Items] | ||||
Business acquisition percentage of outstanding shares of capital stock | 100.00% | |||
Date of acquisition | 31-Dec-14 | |||
Subsidiary Acquired In 2008 | ||||
Business Acquisition [Line Items] | ||||
Complete Ownership interest | 100.00% |
Acquisitions_Summary_of_Purcha
Acquisitions - Summary of Purchase Price Allocation Initially Recorded on Consolidated Balance Sheet for all Acquisitions (Details) (USD $) | 12 Months Ended | |||
In Millions, unless otherwise specified | Dec. 31, 2014 | Dec. 31, 2013 | ||
Business Combinations [Abstract] | ||||
Goodwill | $253 | [1],[2] | $30 | [1],[3] |
Intangible assets | 194 | [4] | 19 | [5] |
Net tangible liabilities | -7 | [6] | -10 | [7] |
Deferred tax liabilities, net | -40 | |||
Total purchase price consideration | 400 | [8] | 40 | [9] |
Deferred tax assets | $1 | |||
[1] | The additions to goodwill relate to our business acquisitions. See “Note 3— Acquisitions,†for further information. | |||
[2] | Goodwill in the amount of $5 million is expected to be deductible for tax purposes. | |||
[3] | Goodwill in the amount of $14 million is expected to be deductible for tax purposes. | |||
[4] | Identifiable definite-lived intangible assets acquired during 2014 were comprised of trade names of $44 million with a weighted average life of 10.0 years, customer lists and supplier relationships of $82 million with a weighted average life of 7.2 years, subscriber relationships of $25 million with a weighted average life of 6.0 years and developed technology and other of $43 million with a weighted average life of 4.9 years. The overall weighted-average life of the identifiable definite-lived intangible assets acquired in the purchase of the companies during 2014 was 7.2 years, and will be amortized on a straight-line basis over their estimated useful lives from acquisition date. | |||
[5] | Identifiable definite-lived intangible assets acquired during 2013 were comprised of trade names of $8 million, subscriber relationships of $8 million, and developed technology and other of $3 million. The overall weighted-average life of the identifiable definite-lived intangible assets acquired in the purchase of the companies during 2013 was 8.0 years, which is being amortized on a straight-line basis over their estimated useful lives from acquisition date. | |||
[6] | Includes assets acquired, including cash of $62 million and accounts receivable of $25 million and liabilities assumed, including deferred merchant payables of $76 million, accrued expenses and other current liabilities of $15 million and deferred revenue of $5 million which reflect their respective fair values at acquisition date. | |||
[7] | Includes assets acquired, including cash of $3 million and accounts receivable of $2 million and liabilities assumed, including accounts payables of $11 million, accrued expenses and other current liabilities of $1 million and deferred revenue of $3 million which reflected their respective fair values at acquisition date. | |||
[8] | Subject to adjustment based on (i)Â final working capital adjustment calculations to be determined for Restopolis and Iens, and (ii)Â indemnification obligations for general representations and warranties of the acquired company stockholders. | |||
[9] | Subject to adjustment based on (i)Â indemnification obligations for general representations and warranties of the acquired company stockholders. |
Acquisitions_Summary_of_Purcha1
Acquisitions - Summary of Purchase Price Allocation Initially Recorded on Consolidated Balance Sheet for all Acquisitions (Parenthetical) (Details) (USD $) | 12 Months Ended | |||
In Millions, unless otherwise specified | Dec. 31, 2014 | Dec. 31, 2013 | ||
Business Acquisition [Line Items] | ||||
Goodwill expected to be deductible for tax purposes | $5 | $14 | ||
Identifiable definite-lived intangible assets | 194 | [1] | 19 | [2] |
Weighted average life of identifiable definite-lived intangible assets acquired | 7 years 2 months 12 days | 8 years | ||
Cash acquired from acquisition | 62 | 3 | ||
Assets acquired, accounts receivable | 25 | 2 | ||
Liabilities assumed, deferred merchant payables | 76 | 11 | ||
Liabilities assumed, accrued expenses | 15 | 1 | ||
Liabilities assumed, deferred revenue | 5 | 3 | ||
Developed Technology | ||||
Business Acquisition [Line Items] | ||||
Identifiable definite-lived intangible assets | 43 | |||
Weighted average life of identifiable definite-lived intangible assets acquired | 4 years 10 months 24 days | |||
Trade Names | ||||
Business Acquisition [Line Items] | ||||
Identifiable definite-lived intangible assets | 44 | 8 | ||
Weighted average life of identifiable definite-lived intangible assets acquired | 10 years | |||
Customer Lists and Supplier Relationships | ||||
Business Acquisition [Line Items] | ||||
Identifiable definite-lived intangible assets | 82 | |||
Weighted average life of identifiable definite-lived intangible assets acquired | 7 years 2 months 12 days | |||
Subscriber Relationships | ||||
Business Acquisition [Line Items] | ||||
Identifiable definite-lived intangible assets | 25 | 8 | ||
Weighted average life of identifiable definite-lived intangible assets acquired | 6 years | |||
Developed Technology and Other | ||||
Business Acquisition [Line Items] | ||||
Identifiable definite-lived intangible assets | $3 | |||
[1] | Identifiable definite-lived intangible assets acquired during 2014 were comprised of trade names of $44 million with a weighted average life of 10.0 years, customer lists and supplier relationships of $82 million with a weighted average life of 7.2 years, subscriber relationships of $25 million with a weighted average life of 6.0 years and developed technology and other of $43 million with a weighted average life of 4.9 years. The overall weighted-average life of the identifiable definite-lived intangible assets acquired in the purchase of the companies during 2014 was 7.2 years, and will be amortized on a straight-line basis over their estimated useful lives from acquisition date. | |||
[2] | Identifiable definite-lived intangible assets acquired during 2013 were comprised of trade names of $8 million, subscriber relationships of $8 million, and developed technology and other of $3 million. The overall weighted-average life of the identifiable definite-lived intangible assets acquired in the purchase of the companies during 2013 was 8.0 years, which is being amortized on a straight-line basis over their estimated useful lives from acquisition date. |
Stock_Based_Awards_and_Other_E2
Stock Based Awards and Other Equity Instruments - Amount of Stock-Based Compensation Related to Stock-Based Awards, Primarily Stock Options and RSUs (Details) (USD $) | 12 Months Ended | ||
In Millions, unless otherwise specified | Dec. 31, 2014 | Dec. 31, 2013 | Dec. 31, 2012 |
Employee Service Share Based Compensation Allocation Of Recognized Period Costs [Line Items] | |||
Total stock-based compensation | $63 | $49 | $30 |
Income tax benefit from stock-based compensation | -24 | -18 | -10 |
Total stock-based compensation, net of tax effect | 39 | 31 | 20 |
Selling and Marketing | |||
Employee Service Share Based Compensation Allocation Of Recognized Period Costs [Line Items] | |||
Total stock-based compensation | 13 | 11 | 5 |
Technology and Content | |||
Employee Service Share Based Compensation Allocation Of Recognized Period Costs [Line Items] | |||
Total stock-based compensation | 27 | 21 | 11 |
General and Administrative | |||
Employee Service Share Based Compensation Allocation Of Recognized Period Costs [Line Items] | |||
Total stock-based compensation | $23 | $17 | $14 |
Stock_Based_Awards_and_Other_E3
Stock Based Awards and Other Equity Instruments - Additional Information (Details) (USD $) | 0 Months Ended | 12 Months Ended | 0 Months Ended | |||
In Millions, except Share data, unless otherwise specified | Jun. 28, 2013 | Dec. 31, 2014 | Dec. 31, 2013 | Dec. 31, 2012 | Dec. 20, 2011 | Sep. 12, 2014 |
Share Based Compensation Arrangement By Share Based Payment Award [Line Items] | ||||||
Capitalized stock based compensation for website development costs | $8 | $5 | ||||
Common shares registered for issuance under incentive plan | 17,500,000 | |||||
Common stock share issuance under plan | 15,000,000 | |||||
Number of stock options issued | 579,000 | |||||
Total intrinsic value | 75 | 58 | 25 | |||
Total fair value of stock options vested | 34 | 27 | 10 | |||
Expiration date of conversion | 7-May-12 | |||||
Common stock, shares issued | 132,315,465 | 131,537,798 | ||||
One Tranche of Warrants | ||||||
Share Based Compensation Arrangement By Share Based Payment Award [Line Items] | ||||||
Exercise price per warrant | $6.48 | |||||
Common stock share exercisable for each warrant | 0.25% | |||||
One Tranche of Warrants | Prior to Adjustment | ||||||
Share Based Compensation Arrangement By Share Based Payment Award [Line Items] | ||||||
Exercise price per warrant | $12.23 | |||||
Other Tranche of Warrants | ||||||
Share Based Compensation Arrangement By Share Based Payment Award [Line Items] | ||||||
Exercise price per warrant | $7.66 | |||||
Common stock share exercisable for each warrant | 0.25% | |||||
Other Tranche of Warrants | Prior to Adjustment | ||||||
Share Based Compensation Arrangement By Share Based Payment Award [Line Items] | ||||||
Exercise price per warrant | $14.45 | |||||
Warrants | ||||||
Share Based Compensation Arrangement By Share Based Payment Award [Line Items] | ||||||
Warrants Exercised | 32,186,791 | |||||
Common stock, shares issued | 7,952,456 | |||||
Weighted average exercise price of warrants | $27.11 | |||||
Exercise proceeds received | $215 | |||||
Cashless warrants exercised | 545,454 | |||||
Weighted average exercise price of cashless warrants | $25.92 | |||||
Warrants convertible to common shares | 0 | |||||
Warrants | Exercise Price Paid in Cash | ||||||
Share Based Compensation Arrangement By Share Based Payment Award [Line Items] | ||||||
Warrants Exercised | 31,641,337 | |||||
Maximum | Warrants | ||||||
Share Based Compensation Arrangement By Share Based Payment Award [Line Items] | ||||||
Warrants convertible into common stock shares at spin-off | 8,046,698 | |||||
Stock Options | ||||||
Share Based Compensation Arrangement By Share Based Payment Award [Line Items] | ||||||
Number of stock options issued | 679,568 | |||||
Term of stock options, granted | 10 years | |||||
Stock options vest period | 4 years | |||||
Closing stock price | $74.66 | |||||
Grant-date fair value per option | $46.65 | $28.30 | $20.36 | |||
Acquisition Related Options | ||||||
Share Based Compensation Arrangement By Share Based Payment Award [Line Items] | ||||||
Grant-date fair value per option | $80.31 | $0 | $0 | |||
2011 Incentive Plan | ||||||
Share Based Compensation Arrangement By Share Based Payment Award [Line Items] | ||||||
Common shares registered for issuance under incentive plan | 17,400,000 | |||||
Common shares previously registered for issuance under incentive plan | 7,400,000 | |||||
Share registered under amendment | 10,000,000 | |||||
Common stock share issuance under plan | 17,691,977 | |||||
Stock options vest period | 4 years | |||||
RSU's issued under incentive plan | 752,460 | |||||
Deferred Compensation Plan for Non Employee Directors | ||||||
Share Based Compensation Arrangement By Share Based Payment Award [Line Items] | ||||||
Common shares registered for issuance under incentive plan | 100,000 | |||||
2010 Stock Incentive Plan | ||||||
Share Based Compensation Arrangement By Share Based Payment Award [Line Items] | ||||||
Issuance of common stock | 100,595 |
Stock_Based_Awards_and_Other_E4
Stock Based Awards and Other Equity Instruments - Summary of Stock Option (Details) (USD $) | 12 Months Ended | |
In Millions, except Share data in Thousands, unless otherwise specified | Dec. 31, 2014 | |
Options Outstanding | ||
Options Outstanding, Beginning balance | 9,470 | |
Options Outstanding, Assumed from acquisition | 101 | |
Options Outstanding, Granted | 579 | |
Options Outstanding, Exercised | -1,202 | [1] |
Options Outstanding, Cancelled or expired | -297 | |
Options Outstanding, Ending balance | 8,651 | |
Options Outstanding, Exercisable | 4,080 | |
Options Outstanding, Vested and expected to vest | 8,445 | |
Weighted Average Exercise Price per share | ||
Options Outstanding, Weighted Average Exercise Price, Beginning Balance | $40.18 | |
Options Assumed from acquisition, Weighted Average Exercise Price | $16.36 | |
Options Granted, Weighted Average Exercise Price | $95.87 | |
Options Exercised, Weighted Average Exercise Price | $32.87 | [1] |
Options Cancelled or expired, Weighted Average Exercise Price | $45.40 | |
Options Outstanding, Weighted Average Exercise Price, Ending balance | $44.47 | |
Options Exercisable, Weighted Average Exercise Price | $32.05 | |
Options Vested and expected to vest, Weighted Average Exercise Price | $44.11 | |
Weighted Average Remaining Contractual Life and Aggregate Intrinsic Value | ||
Options Outstanding, Weighted Average Remaining Contractual Life | 5 years | |
Options Exercisable, Weighted Average Remaining Contractual Life | 2 years 8 months 12 days | |
Options Vested and expected to vest, Weighted Average Remaining Contractual Life | 4 years 10 months 24 days | |
Options Outstanding, Aggregate Intrinsic Value | $273 | |
Options Exercisable, Aggregate Intrinsic Value | 174 | |
Options Vested and expected to vest, Aggregate Intrinsic Value | $269 | |
[1] | Inclusive of 628,010 options, which were not converted into shares due to net share settlement in order to cover the aggregate exercise price and the minimum amount of required employee withholding taxes. Potential shares which had been convertible under stock options that were withheld under net share settlement remain in the authorized but unissued pool under the 2011 Incentive Plan and can be reissued by the Company. We began net-share settling the majority of our stock option exercises during the third quarter of 2013. Total payments for the employees’ tax obligations to the taxing authorities due to net share settlements are reflected as a financing activity within the consolidated statements of cash flows. |
Stock_Based_Awards_and_Other_E5
Stock Based Awards and Other Equity Instruments - Summary of Stock Option (Parenthetical) (Details) (Stock Options) | 12 Months Ended |
Dec. 31, 2014 | |
Stock Options | |
Share Based Compensation Arrangement By Share Based Payment Award [Line Items] | |
Options non converted into shares due to net share settlement | 628,010 |
Stock_Based_Awards_and_Other_E6
Stock Based Awards and Other Equity Instruments - Weighted-Average Assumptions of Estimated Fair Value of Stock Option Grants (Details) | 12 Months Ended | ||
Dec. 31, 2014 | Dec. 31, 2013 | Dec. 31, 2012 | |
Disclosure Of Compensation Related Costs Sharebased Payments [Abstract] | |||
Risk free interest rate | 1.79% | 1.41% | 1.03% |
Expected term (in years) | 5 years 9 months 18 days | 6 years 22 days | 6 years 2 months 16 days |
Expected volatility | 44.04% | 50.78% | 53.46% |
Stock_Based_Awards_and_Other_E7
Stock Based Awards and Other Equity Instruments - Summary of RSU Activity (Details) (Restricted Stock Units, USD $) | 12 Months Ended | |
In Millions, except Share data, unless otherwise specified | Dec. 31, 2014 | |
Restricted Stock Units | ||
RSUs outstanding | ||
Unvested RSUs outstanding, Beginning balance | 1,135,000 | |
Unvested RSUs, Granted | 752,000 | |
Unvested RSUs, Vested and released | -307,000 | [1] |
Unvested RSUs, Cancelled | -132,000 | |
Unvested RSUs outstanding, Ending balance | 1,448,000 | |
Weighted Average Grant-Date Fair Value Per Share | ||
Unvested RSUs outstanding, Weighted Average Grant-Date Fair Value Per Share, Beginning balance | $49.64 | |
Weighted Average Grant-Date Fair Value Per Share, Granted | $93.36 | |
Weighted Average Grant-Date Fair Value Per Share, Vested and released | $46.78 | [1] |
Weighted Average Grant-Date Fair Value Per Share, Cancelled | $67.50 | |
Unvested RSUs outstanding, Weighted Average Grant-Date Fair Value Per Share, Ending balance | $71.33 | |
Aggregate Intrinsic Value | ||
Unvested RSUs outstanding, Aggregate Intrinsic Value | $108 | |
[1] | Inclusive of 103,641 RSUs withheld to satisfy employee minimum tax withholding requirements due to net share settlement. Potential shares which had been convertible under RSUs that were withheld under net share settlement remain in the authorized but unissued pool under the 2011 Plan and can be reissued by the Company. Total payments for the employees’ tax obligations to the taxing authorities due to net share settlements are reflected as a financing activity within the consolidated statements of cash flows. |
Stock_Based_Awards_and_Other_E8
Stock Based Awards and Other Equity Instruments - Summary of RSU Activity (Parenthetical) (Details) (Restricted Stock Units) | 12 Months Ended |
Dec. 31, 2014 | |
Restricted Stock Units | |
Share Based Compensation Arrangement By Share Based Payment Award [Line Items] | |
RSUs withheld to satisfy minimum tax withholding requirements | 103,641 |
Stock_Based_Awards_and_Other_E9
Stock Based Awards and Other Equity Instruments - Summary of Unrecognized Compensation Expense, Net of Estimated Forfeitures and Weighted Average Period Remaining (Detail) (USD $) | 12 Months Ended |
In Millions, unless otherwise specified | Dec. 31, 2014 |
Stock Options | |
Share Based Compensation Arrangement By Share Based Payment Award [Line Items] | |
Unrecognized compensation expense (net of forfeitures), Stock Options | $84 |
Period of recognition (in years) | 2 years 8 months 12 days |
Restricted Stock Units | |
Share Based Compensation Arrangement By Share Based Payment Award [Line Items] | |
Period of recognition (in years) | 2 years 10 months 24 days |
Unrecognized compensation expense (net of forfeitures), RSUs | $70 |
Financial_Instruments_Schedule
Financial Instruments - Schedule of Cash, Cash Equivalents and Marketable Securities (Details) (USD $) | Dec. 31, 2014 | Dec. 31, 2013 | Dec. 31, 2012 | Dec. 31, 2011 |
In Millions, unless otherwise specified | ||||
Fair Value Assets And Liabilities Measured On Recurring And Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items] | ||||
Amortized Cost | $594 | $670 | ||
Fair Value | 594 | 670 | ||
Cash and cash equivalents | 455 | 351 | 367 | 183 |
Short-Term Marketable Securities | 108 | 131 | ||
Long-Term Marketable Securities | 31 | 188 | ||
Cash | 447 | 195 | ||
Money Market Funds | ||||
Fair Value Assets And Liabilities Measured On Recurring And Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items] | ||||
Cash and cash equivalents | 8 | 156 | ||
Level 2 | ||||
Fair Value Assets And Liabilities Measured On Recurring And Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items] | ||||
Amortized Cost | 139 | 319 | ||
Fair Value | 139 | 319 | ||
Short-Term Marketable Securities | 108 | 131 | ||
Long-Term Marketable Securities | 31 | 188 | ||
Level 2 | U.S. Agency Securities | ||||
Fair Value Assets And Liabilities Measured On Recurring And Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items] | ||||
Amortized Cost | 38 | 37 | ||
Fair Value | 38 | 37 | ||
Short-Term Marketable Securities | 35 | 14 | ||
Long-Term Marketable Securities | 3 | 23 | ||
Level 2 | Certificates of Deposit | ||||
Fair Value Assets And Liabilities Measured On Recurring And Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items] | ||||
Amortized Cost | 8 | 23 | ||
Fair Value | 8 | 23 | ||
Short-Term Marketable Securities | 8 | 16 | ||
Long-Term Marketable Securities | 7 | |||
Level 2 | Commercial Paper | ||||
Fair Value Assets And Liabilities Measured On Recurring And Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items] | ||||
Amortized Cost | 1 | 5 | ||
Fair Value | 1 | 5 | ||
Short-Term Marketable Securities | 1 | 5 | ||
Level 2 | Corporate Debt Securities | ||||
Fair Value Assets And Liabilities Measured On Recurring And Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items] | ||||
Amortized Cost | 92 | 254 | ||
Fair Value | 92 | 254 | ||
Short-Term Marketable Securities | 64 | 96 | ||
Long-Term Marketable Securities | $28 | $158 |
Financial_Instruments_Addition
Financial Instruments - Additional Information (Details) (USD $) | 12 Months Ended |
In Millions, unless otherwise specified | Dec. 31, 2014 |
Investments Debt And Equity Securities [Abstract] | |
Financial instruments including money market funds maturities period | 90 days |
Maximum maturities period of long-term marketable securities | 3 years |
Minimum maturities period of long-term marketable securities | 1 year |
Maximum remaining maturity for short term marketable security | 12 months |
Minimum maturity for short term marketable security | 90 days |
Total fair value of marketable securities | $68 |
Derivative Instruments Not Designated as Hedging Instruments, Description of Terms | Our current forward contracts are not designated as hedges and have current maturities of less than 90 days |
Financial_Instruments_Fair_Val
Financial Instruments - Fair Value and Notional Principal Amounts of Outstanding or Unsettled Derivative Instruments (Details) (Not Designated as Hedging Instrument, Foreign Exchange Contract, USD $) | Dec. 31, 2014 | Dec. 31, 2013 | ||
In Millions, unless otherwise specified | ||||
Not Designated as Hedging Instrument | Foreign Exchange Contract | ||||
Derivatives Fair Value [Line Items] | ||||
Foreign exchange-forward contracts | $20 | [1],[2] | $5 | [1],[2] |
[1] | Derivative contracts address foreign exchange fluctuations for the Euro versus the U.S. Dollar. | |||
[2] | The fair value of our derivatives are not material for all periods presented and are reported as liabilities in accrued and other current liabilities on our consolidated balance sheets. We measure the fair value of our outstanding or unsettled derivatives using Level 2 fair value inputs, as we use a pricing model that takes into account the contract terms as well as current foreign currency exchange rates in active markets. |
Property_and_Equipment_Net_Com
Property and Equipment, Net - Components of Property and Equipment (Details) (USD $) | Dec. 31, 2014 | Dec. 31, 2013 | ||
In Millions, unless otherwise specified | ||||
Property Plant And Equipment [Line Items] | ||||
Property and equipment, gross | $186 | $122 | ||
Less: accumulated depreciation | -77 | -48 | ||
Construction in progress | 86 | [1] | 8 | [1] |
Property and equipment, net | 195 | 82 | ||
Capitalized Software and Website Development | ||||
Property Plant And Equipment [Line Items] | ||||
Property and equipment, gross | 104 | 73 | ||
Property and equipment, net | 61 | 46 | ||
Leasehold Improvements | ||||
Property Plant And Equipment [Line Items] | ||||
Property and equipment, gross | 40 | 22 | ||
Computer Equipment | ||||
Property Plant And Equipment [Line Items] | ||||
Property and equipment, gross | 31 | 21 | ||
Furniture, Office Equipment and Other | ||||
Property Plant And Equipment [Line Items] | ||||
Property and equipment, gross | $11 | $6 | ||
[1] | We capitalize construction in progress for build-to-suit lease agreements where we are considered the owner, for accounting purposes only, during the construction period.  These amounts represent construction costs to date incurred by the landlord and the Company related to our future corporate headquarters in Needham, MA. During the years ended December 31, 2014 and 2013, we capitalized $52 million and $8 million, respectively, in non-cash construction costs which were incurred by the landlord, with a corresponding liability recorded in other long-term liabilities, and in addition, we capitalized $26 million in normal and structural tenant improvements on our consolidated balance sheet incurred by the Company. Refer to “Note 12 – Commitments and Contingencies,†for additional information on our future corporate headquarters lease.  |
Property_and_Equipment_Net_Com1
Property and Equipment, Net - Components of Property and Equipment (Parenthetical) (Details) (USD $) | 12 Months Ended | |
In Millions, unless otherwise specified | Dec. 31, 2014 | Dec. 31, 2013 |
Property Plant And Equipment [Line Items] | ||
Capitalization of construction in-process related to build to suit lease obligation | $52 | $8 |
Other Noncurrent Liabilities | ||
Property Plant And Equipment [Line Items] | ||
Capitalization of construction in-process related to build to suit lease obligation | 52 | 8 |
Other Noncurrent Assets | ||
Property Plant And Equipment [Line Items] | ||
Normal and structural tenant improvements | $26 |
Property_and_Equipment_Net_Add
Property and Equipment, Net - Additional Information (Details) (USD $) | 12 Months Ended | |||||
In Millions, unless otherwise specified | Dec. 31, 2014 | Dec. 31, 2013 | Dec. 31, 2012 | |||
Property Plant And Equipment [Line Items] | ||||||
Property and equipment, net (Note 6) | $195 | $82 | ||||
Depreciation of property and equipment, including amortization of internal-use software and website development | 47 | [1] | 30 | [1] | 20 | [1] |
Capitalized Software and Website Development | ||||||
Property Plant And Equipment [Line Items] | ||||||
Property and equipment, net (Note 6) | 61 | 46 | ||||
Capitalized computer software and website development costs | 47 | 38 | ||||
Depreciation of property and equipment, including amortization of internal-use software and website development | 30 | 20 | 13 | |||
Property and equipment, dispositions | 22 | |||||
Accumulated depreciation, dispositions | -20 | |||||
Loss on property and equipment, dispositions | ($2) | |||||
[1] | Includes amortization of internal use software and website development costs. |
Goodwill_and_Intangible_Assets2
Goodwill and Intangible Assets, Net - Summary of Changes in Goodwill (Details) (USD $) | 12 Months Ended | |||
In Millions, unless otherwise specified | Dec. 31, 2014 | Dec. 31, 2013 | ||
Goodwill [Line Items] | ||||
Beginning balance | $502 | $472 | ||
Additions | 253 | [1],[2] | 30 | [1],[3] |
Foreign exchange translation adjustment | -21 | [4] | ||
Ending balance | 734 | 502 | ||
Trip Advisor Segment | ||||
Goodwill [Line Items] | ||||
Beginning balance | 502 | 472 | ||
Additions | 253 | [1] | 30 | [1] |
Foreign exchange translation adjustment | -21 | [4] | ||
Allocation to new segments | -734 | [5] | ||
Ending balance | 502 | |||
Hotels Segment | ||||
Goodwill [Line Items] | ||||
Allocation to new segments | 442 | [5] | ||
Ending balance | 442 | |||
Other Segment | ||||
Goodwill [Line Items] | ||||
Allocation to new segments | 292 | [5] | ||
Ending balance | $292 | |||
[1] | The additions to goodwill relate to our business acquisitions. See “Note 3— Acquisitions,†for further information. | |||
[2] | Goodwill in the amount of $5 million is expected to be deductible for tax purposes. | |||
[3] | Goodwill in the amount of $14 million is expected to be deductible for tax purposes. | |||
[4] | Primarily related to impact of changes in foreign exchange rates to goodwill. | |||
[5] | See “Note 16—Segments and Geographic Information†for information on our reporting segment changes in the fourth quarter of 2014. |
Goodwill_and_Intangible_Assets3
Goodwill and Intangible Assets, Net - Summary of Intangible Assets Acquired in Business Combinations (Details) (USD $) | Dec. 31, 2014 | Dec. 31, 2013 |
In Millions, unless otherwise specified | ||
Goodwill And Intangible Assets Disclosure [Abstract] | ||
Intangible assets with definite lives | $202 | $36 |
Less: accumulated amortization | -18 | -14 |
Intangible assets with definite lives, net | 184 | 22 |
Intangible assets with indefinite lives | 30 | 30 |
Intangible assets, net | $214 | $52 |
Goodwill_and_Intangible_Assets4
Goodwill and Intangible Assets, Net - Additional Information (Details) (USD $) | 12 Months Ended | ||
In Millions, unless otherwise specified | Dec. 31, 2014 | Dec. 31, 2013 | Dec. 31, 2012 |
Goodwill And Intangible Assets Disclosure [Abstract] | |||
Amortization expense | $18 | $6 | $6 |
Goodwill_and_Intangible_Assets5
Goodwill and Intangible Assets, Net - Components of Intangible Assets with Definite Lives (Details) (USD $) | 12 Months Ended | |
In Millions, unless otherwise specified | Dec. 31, 2014 | Dec. 31, 2013 |
Finite Lived Intangible Assets [Line Items] | ||
Weighted Average Remaining Life (in years) | 6 years 9 months 18 days | |
Gross Carrying Amount | $202 | $36 |
Accumulated Amortization | -18 | -14 |
Intangible assets with definite lives, net | 184 | 22 |
Trade Names and Trademarks | ||
Finite Lived Intangible Assets [Line Items] | ||
Weighted Average Remaining Life (in years) | 9 years 4 months 24 days | |
Gross Carrying Amount | 52 | 18 |
Accumulated Amortization | -5 | -7 |
Intangible assets with definite lives, net | 47 | 11 |
Customer Lists and Supplier Relationships | ||
Finite Lived Intangible Assets [Line Items] | ||
Weighted Average Remaining Life (in years) | 6 years 9 months 18 days | |
Gross Carrying Amount | 77 | |
Accumulated Amortization | -5 | |
Intangible assets with definite lives, net | 72 | |
Subscriber Relationships | ||
Finite Lived Intangible Assets [Line Items] | ||
Weighted Average Remaining Life (in years) | 4 years 8 months 12 days | |
Gross Carrying Amount | 31 | 14 |
Accumulated Amortization | -4 | -6 |
Intangible assets with definite lives, net | 27 | 8 |
Technology and Other | ||
Finite Lived Intangible Assets [Line Items] | ||
Weighted Average Remaining Life (in years) | 5 years | |
Gross Carrying Amount | 42 | 4 |
Accumulated Amortization | -4 | -1 |
Intangible assets with definite lives, net | $38 | $3 |
Goodwill_and_Intangible_Assets6
Goodwill and Intangible Assets, Net - Summary of Estimated Future Amortization Expense Related to Intangible Assets with Definite Lives (Details) (USD $) | Dec. 31, 2014 | Dec. 31, 2013 |
In Millions, unless otherwise specified | ||
Goodwill And Intangible Assets Disclosure [Abstract] | ||
2015 | $31 | |
2016 | 31 | |
2017 | 29 | |
2018 | 27 | |
2019 | 24 | |
2020 and thereafter | 42 | |
Intangible assets with definite lives, net | $184 | $22 |
Debt_Term_Loan_Facility_Due_Tw
Debt - Term Loan Facility Due Twenty Sixteen and Revolving Credit Facility - Additional Information (Details) (USD $) | 0 Months Ended | 12 Months Ended | ||
Dec. 20, 2011 | Dec. 31, 2014 | Dec. 31, 2013 | Dec. 31, 2012 | |
Debt Instrument [Line Items] | ||||
Principal repayment of term loan | 2.50% | |||
Principal payments on long-term debt | $40,000,000 | $40,000,000 | $20,000,000 | |
Credit facility borrowings (Note 8) | 38,000,000 | 28,000,000 | ||
Total interest and commitments fees | 9,000,000 | 10,000,000 | 11,000,000 | |
Amortization expense | 1,000,000 | 1,000,000 | 1,000,000 | |
Term Loan and Revolving Credit Facility | ||||
Debt Instrument [Line Items] | ||||
Maximum borrowing limits | 600,000,000 | |||
Borrowings, interest rate description | interest at LIBOR plus 150 basis points, or the Eurocurrency Spread, or the alternate base rate (“ABRâ€) plus 50 basis points | |||
Commitment fee on undrawn amount | 0.23% | |||
Borrowings, interest rate basis | 1.70% | |||
Term Loan and Revolving Credit Facility | London Interbank Offered Rate (LIBOR) | ||||
Debt Instrument [Line Items] | ||||
Borrowings interest rate basis point | 1.50% | |||
Term Loan and Revolving Credit Facility | Alternate Base Rate | ||||
Debt Instrument [Line Items] | ||||
Borrowings interest rate basis point | 0.50% | |||
Term Loan | ||||
Debt Instrument [Line Items] | ||||
Term Loan Facility, principal amount | 400,000,000 | |||
Period of Term Loan Facility | 5 years | |||
Borrowings, maturity date | 31-Dec-16 | |||
Total interest and commitments fees | 6,000,000 | 8,000,000 | 9,000,000 | |
Deferred financing costs | 3,500,000 | |||
Revolving Credit Facility | ||||
Debt Instrument [Line Items] | ||||
Borrowing capacity under Credit Facility | 200,000,000 | |||
Credit facility, expiration period | 5 years | |||
Borrowings, maturity date | 31-Dec-16 | |||
Credit facility borrowings (Note 8) | 0 | |||
Letter of Credit | ||||
Debt Instrument [Line Items] | ||||
Borrowing capacity under Credit Facility | 40,000,000 | |||
Letters of credit outstanding amount | 1,000,000 | |||
Borrowings On Same Day Notice | ||||
Debt Instrument [Line Items] | ||||
Borrowing capacity under Credit Facility | $40,000,000 |
Debt_Summary_of_Total_Outstand
Debt - Summary of Total Outstanding Borrowings (Details) (USD $) | Dec. 31, 2014 | Dec. 31, 2013 |
In Millions, unless otherwise specified | ||
Short-Term Debt: | ||
Total Short-Term Borrowings | $40 | $40 |
Long-Term Debt: | ||
Total Long-Term Borrowings | 260 | 300 |
Term Loan | ||
Short-Term Debt: | ||
Total Short-Term Borrowings | 40 | 40 |
Long-Term Debt: | ||
Total Long-Term Borrowings | $260 | $300 |
Debt_Schedule_of_Future_Minimu
Debt - Schedule of Future Minimum Principal Payment Obligations (Details) (USD $) | Dec. 31, 2014 |
In Millions, unless otherwise specified | |
Debt Disclosure [Abstract] | |
2015 | $40 |
2016 | 260 |
Total | $300 |
Debt_Chinese_Credit_Facilities
Debt - Chinese Credit Facilities - Additional Information (Details) | Dec. 31, 2014 | Dec. 31, 2013 | Dec. 31, 2014 | Dec. 31, 2013 | Dec. 31, 2014 | Dec. 31, 2014 | Dec. 31, 2014 | Dec. 31, 2014 |
USD ($) | USD ($) | Chinese Credit Facility | Chinese Credit Facility | Chinese Credit Facility-BOA | Chinese Credit Facility-BOA | Chinese Credit Facility-JPM | Chinese Credit Facility-JPM | |
USD ($) | USD ($) | USD ($) | CNY | USD ($) | CNY | |||
Debt Instrument [Line Items] | ||||||||
Outstanding borrowings | $38,000,000 | $28,000,000 | $38,000,000 | $28,000,000 | $19,000,000 | $19,000,000 | ||
Borrowing capacity under Credit Facility | $30,000,000 | 189,000,000 | $20,000,000 | 125,000,000 | ||||
Period of Term Loan Facility | 1 year | 1 year | 1 year | 1 year | ||||
Line of credit rate basis | 100.00% | 100.00% | 100.00% | 100.00% | ||||
Borrowings, interest rate basis | 5.60% | 5.60% | 5.60% | 5.60% | ||||
Interest rate of Chinese Credit Facility BOA | Chinese Credit Facility—BOA currently bears interest at a 100% of the People’s Bank of China’s base rate which was 5.6% as of December 31, 2014 | Chinese Credit Facility—BOA currently bears interest at a 100% of the People’s Bank of China’s base rate which was 5.6% as of December 31, 2014 | Chinese Credit Facility—JPM currently bears interest at a 100% of the People’s Bank of China’s base rate which was 5.6% as of December 31, 2014 | Chinese Credit Facility—JPM currently bears interest at a 100% of the People’s Bank of China’s base rate which was 5.6% as of December 31, 2014 |
Income_Taxes_Summary_of_Our_Do
Income Taxes - Summary of Our Domestic and Foreign Income Before Income Taxes (Details) (USD $) | 12 Months Ended | ||
In Millions, unless otherwise specified | Dec. 31, 2014 | Dec. 31, 2013 | Dec. 31, 2012 |
Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract] | |||
Domestic | $146 | $129 | $133 |
Foreign | 176 | 155 | 149 |
Income before income taxes | $322 | $284 | $282 |
Income_Taxes_Summary_of_the_Co
Income Taxes - Summary of the Components of Our Provision for Income Taxes (Details) (USD $) | 12 Months Ended | ||
In Millions, unless otherwise specified | Dec. 31, 2014 | Dec. 31, 2013 | Dec. 31, 2012 |
Current income tax expense: | |||
Federal | $93 | $48 | $56 |
State | 14 | 9 | 6 |
Foreign | 6 | 17 | 30 |
Current income tax expense | 113 | 74 | 92 |
Deferred income tax (benefit) expense: | |||
Federal | -12 | 6 | -3 |
State | -1 | 1 | |
Foreign | -4 | -2 | -2 |
Deferred income tax (benefit) expense: | -17 | 5 | -5 |
Provision for income taxes | $96 | $79 | $87 |
Income_Taxes_Summary_of_Deferr
Income Taxes - Summary of Deferred Tax Assets and Deferred Tax Liabilities (Details) (USD $) | Dec. 31, 2014 | Dec. 31, 2013 |
In Millions, unless otherwise specified | ||
Deferred tax assets: | ||
Stock-based compensation | $43 | $30 |
Net operating loss carryforwards | 34 | 18 |
Provision for accrued expenses | 13 | 7 |
Deferred rent | 5 | |
Build-to-suit lease | 26 | |
Foreign advertising spend | 9 | |
Other | 5 | 4 |
Total deferred tax assets | 135 | 59 |
Less: valuation allowance | -19 | -13 |
Net deferred tax assets | 116 | 46 |
Deferred tax liabilities: | ||
Intangible assets | -88 | -32 |
Property and equipment | -25 | -18 |
Prepaid expenses | -4 | -2 |
Lease financing obligation | -26 | |
Other | -1 | -2 |
Total deferred tax liabilities | -144 | -54 |
Net deferred tax liability | ($28) | ($8) |
Income_Taxes_Additional_Inform
Income Taxes - Additional Information (Details) (USD $) | 12 Months Ended | |||
In Millions, except Per Share data, unless otherwise specified | Dec. 31, 2014 | Dec. 31, 2011 | Dec. 31, 2013 | Dec. 31, 2012 |
Income Taxes [Line Items] | ||||
Valuation allowance related to net operating loss carryforwards | $19 | |||
Foreign net operating loss carryforwards | 6 | |||
Undistributed earnings of foreign subsidiaries | 630 | |||
Effective income tax federal statutory rate | 35.00% | |||
Unrecognized tax benefits | 67 | 13 | 36 | 24 |
Unrecognized tax benefits that would impact effective tax rate | 65 | |||
Unrecognized tax benefits that would impact goodwill | 2 | |||
Total gross interest and penalties accrued | 4 | 2 | ||
Estimated unrecognized tax benefit amount | 1 | |||
Singapore | ||||
Income Taxes [Line Items] | ||||
Effective income tax federal statutory rate | 5.00% | |||
Singapore's statutory tax rate | 17.00% | |||
Tax incentive agreement expiration date | 30-Jun-16 | |||
Agreement maturity extension period | 5 years | |||
Decrease to the 2014 tax provision | 6 | |||
Increase in Diluted EPS | $0.04 | |||
Federal | ||||
Income Taxes [Line Items] | ||||
Operating loss carryforwards | 42 | |||
Expiration date of NOLs | Between 2020 and 2033 | |||
State | ||||
Income Taxes [Line Items] | ||||
Operating loss carryforwards | 36 | |||
Expiration date of NOLs | Between 2020 and 2033 | |||
Foreign | ||||
Income Taxes [Line Items] | ||||
Operating loss carryforwards | $84 | |||
Expiration date of NOLs | Between 2020 and 2033 |
Income_Taxes_Reconciliation_of
Income Taxes - Reconciliation of the Provision for Income Taxes (Details) (USD $) | 12 Months Ended | ||
In Millions, unless otherwise specified | Dec. 31, 2014 | Dec. 31, 2013 | Dec. 31, 2012 |
Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract] | |||
Income tax expense at the federal statutory rate of 35% | $113 | $100 | $99 |
Foreign rate differential | -49 | -41 | -25 |
State income taxes, net of effect of federal tax benefit | 13 | 8 | 5 |
Unrecognized tax benefits and related interest | 14 | 9 | 5 |
Non-deductible transaction costs | 1 | ||
Change in valuation allowance | 5 | 2 | 2 |
Other, net | -1 | 1 | 1 |
Provision for income taxes | $96 | $79 | $87 |
Income_Taxes_Reconciliation_of1
Income Taxes - Reconciliation of the Provision for Income Taxes (Parenthetical) (Details) | 12 Months Ended |
Dec. 31, 2014 | |
Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract] | |
Income tax expense at federal statutory rate | 35.00% |
Income_Taxes_Reconciliation_of2
Income Taxes - Reconciliation of the Beginning and Ending Amount of Gross Unrecognized Tax Benefits (Details) (USD $) | 12 Months Ended | ||
In Millions, unless otherwise specified | Dec. 31, 2014 | Dec. 31, 2013 | Dec. 31, 2012 |
Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract] | |||
Balance, beginning of year | $36 | $24 | $13 |
Increases to tax positions related to the current year | 13 | 12 | 12 |
Increases to tax positions related to the prior year | 18 | 4 | |
Decreases to tax positions related to the prior year | -4 | ||
Settlements during current year | -1 | ||
Balance, end of year | $67 | $36 | $24 |
Accrued_Expenses_and_Other_Cur2
Accrued Expenses and Other Current Liabilities - Details of Accrued Expenses and Other Current Liabilities (Details) (USD $) | Dec. 31, 2014 | Dec. 31, 2013 | ||
In Millions, unless otherwise specified | ||||
Payables And Accruals [Abstract] | ||||
Accrued salary, bonus, and related benefits | $41 | $35 | ||
Accrued marketing costs | 24 | 22 | ||
Accrued charitable foundation payments | 9 | [1] | 7 | [1] |
Other | 40 | 22 | ||
Total accrued expenses and other current liabilities | $114 | $86 | ||
[1] | See “Note 12— Commitments and Contingencies†for information regarding our charitable foundation. |
Other_LongTerm_Liabilities_Sch
Other Long-Term Liabilities - Schedule of Other Long-Term Liabilities (Details) (USD $) | Dec. 31, 2014 | Dec. 31, 2013 | ||
In Millions, unless otherwise specified | ||||
Other Liabilities Noncurrent [Abstract] | ||||
Unrecognized tax benefits | $68 | [1] | $38 | [1] |
Construction liabilities | 67 | [2] | 8 | [2] |
Other | 19 | [3] | 6 | [3] |
Total other long-term liabilities | $154 | $52 | ||
[1] | See “Note 9—Income Taxes†for additional information on our unrecognized tax benefits. Amount includes accrued interest related to this liability. | |||
[2] | We capitalize construction in progress and record a corresponding long-term liability for build-to-suit lease agreements where we are considered the owner during the construction period for accounting purposes only. Refer to “Note 12 – Commitments and Contingencies,†for additional information on our future corporate headquarters lease. | |||
[3] | Amounts primarily consist of long term deferred rent balances related to operating leases for office space. |
Commitments_and_Contingencies_1
Commitments and Contingencies - Additional Information (Details) (USD $) | 12 Months Ended | 1 Months Ended | ||
In Millions, unless otherwise specified | Dec. 31, 2014 | Dec. 31, 2013 | Dec. 31, 2012 | Jun. 30, 2013 |
Location | ||||
Commitment And Contingencies [Line Items] | ||||
Rental expense | $17 | $11 | $8 | |
Lease expiration date | 1-Dec-30 | |||
Leased area | 280,000 | |||
Aggregate future minimum lease payments, total | 114 | |||
Aggregate future minimum lease payments in 2015 | 19 | |||
Aggregate future minimum lease payments in 2020 and thereafter | 42 | |||
Leased location | 40 | |||
Criteria percentage of damages claims | 10.00% | |||
Letter of Credit | ||||
Commitment And Contingencies [Line Items] | ||||
Letter of credit issued | 1 | |||
North America And Europe And Asia Pacific | ||||
Commitment And Contingencies [Line Items] | ||||
Lease expiration date | 1-Nov-24 | |||
Leased area | 470,000 | |||
New Corporate Headquarters | ||||
Commitment And Contingencies [Line Items] | ||||
Initial term of Lease | 15 years 7 months | |||
Initial base rent | 33 | |||
Increase in base rent | 34.5 | |||
Extended Lease Term | 5 years | |||
Aggregate future minimum lease payments, total | 143 | |||
Aggregate future minimum lease payments in 2015 | 1 | |||
Aggregate future minimum lease payments in 2016 | 9 | |||
Aggregate future minimum lease payments in 2017 | 9 | |||
Aggregate future minimum lease payments in 2018 | 9 | |||
Aggregate future minimum lease payments in 2019 | 9 | |||
Aggregate future minimum lease payments in 2020 and thereafter | 106 | |||
Security Deposits | $1 | |||
Newton, Massachusetts | ||||
Commitment And Contingencies [Line Items] | ||||
Lease expiration date | 1-Apr-15 | |||
Headquarters | Newton, Massachusetts | ||||
Commitment And Contingencies [Line Items] | ||||
Leased area | 119,000 |
Commitments_and_Contingencies_2
Commitments and Contingencies - Material Contractual Obligations, Commercial Commitments and Outstanding Debt (Details) (USD $) | Dec. 31, 2014 |
In Millions, unless otherwise specified | |
Commitment And Contingencies [Line Items] | |
Operating leases, Total | $114 |
Operating leases, Less than 1 year | 19 |
Operating leases, 1 to 3 years | 27 |
Operating leases, 3 to 5 years | 26 |
Operating leases, More than 5 years | 42 |
Contractual Obligation, Total | 266 |
Contractual Obligation, Less than 1 year | 25 |
Contractual Obligation, 1 to 3 years | 49 |
Contractual Obligation, 3 to 5 years | 44 |
Contractual Obligation, More than 5 years | 148 |
Build to Suit Lease Obligation | |
Commitment And Contingencies [Line Items] | |
Contractual Obligation, Total | 143 |
Contractual Obligation, Less than 1 year | 1 |
Contractual Obligation, 1 to 3 years | 18 |
Contractual Obligation, 3 to 5 years | 18 |
Contractual Obligation, More than 5 years | 106 |
Expected Interest Payments on Term Loan | |
Commitment And Contingencies [Line Items] | |
Contractual Obligation, Total | 9 |
Contractual Obligation, Less than 1 year | 5 |
Contractual Obligation, 1 to 3 years | $4 |
Commitments_and_Contingencies_3
Commitments and Contingencies - Material Contractual Obligations, Commercial Commitments and Outstanding Debt (Parenthetical) (Details) (USD $) | 12 Months Ended |
In Millions, unless otherwise specified | Dec. 31, 2014 |
Commitment And Contingencies [Line Items] | |
Unrecognized tax benefits | $68 |
Estimated future payment of unrecognized tax benefits including accrued interest | 1 |
Percent of OIBA for Charitable Foundation | 2.00% |
Term Loan | |
Commitment And Contingencies [Line Items] | |
Expected principal payments term | 2 years |
Corporate Lease | Minimum | |
Commitment And Contingencies [Line Items] | |
Estimated cost of lease | 25 |
Corporate Lease | Maximum | |
Commitment And Contingencies [Line Items] | |
Estimated cost of lease | $30 |
Employee_Benefit_Plans_Additio
Employee Benefit Plans - Additional Information (Details) (USD $) | 12 Months Ended | ||
In Millions, except Share data, unless otherwise specified | Dec. 31, 2014 | Dec. 31, 2013 | Dec. 31, 2012 |
Defined Benefit Plans And Other Postretirement Benefit Plans Table Text Block [Line Items] | |||
Automatic enrollment feature pre-tax | 3.00% | ||
Maximum employer contribution | 50.00% | ||
Maximum employee contributions percentage to receive 50% matching | 6.00% | ||
Employer match, percent | 3.00% | ||
Contributions vested with the employees | 2 years | ||
Contributions to plans | $5 | $5 | $3 |
Director | |||
Defined Benefit Plans And Other Postretirement Benefit Plans Table Text Block [Line Items] | |||
Common stock reserved for issuance to non-employee directors | 557 | ||
Director | 2011 Incentive Plan | |||
Defined Benefit Plans And Other Postretirement Benefit Plans Table Text Block [Line Items] | |||
Common stock reserved for issuance to non-employee directors | 100,000 | ||
Maximum | |||
Defined Benefit Plans And Other Postretirement Benefit Plans Table Text Block [Line Items] | |||
No of installments for payments upon termination | Payments upon termination will be made in either one lump sum or up to five annual installments, as elected by the eligible director at the time of the deferral election | ||
Pre-tax basis | |||
Defined Benefit Plans And Other Postretirement Benefit Plans Table Text Block [Line Items] | |||
Maximum annual employee contribution, percent | 50.00% | ||
After-tax basis | |||
Defined Benefit Plans And Other Postretirement Benefit Plans Table Text Block [Line Items] | |||
Maximum annual employee contribution, percent | 10.00% |
Stockholders_Equity_Additional
Stockholders' Equity - Additional Information (Details) (USD $) | 12 Months Ended | |||
In Millions, except Share data, unless otherwise specified | Dec. 31, 2014 | Dec. 31, 2013 | Dec. 31, 2012 | Feb. 15, 2013 |
Directors | ||||
Schedule Of Capitalization Equity [Line Items] | ||||
Preferred stock, shares authorized | 100,000,000 | 100,000,000 | ||
Preferred stock, par value | $0.00 | $0.00 | ||
Preferred stock, shares issued | 0 | 0 | ||
Common stock, shares authorized | 1,600,000,000 | 1,600,000,000 | ||
Common stock, par value | $0.00 | $0.00 | ||
Percentage of directors elected by common stock holders | 25.00% | |||
Number of directors | 3 | |||
Conversion of Class B common stock | 1 | |||
Common stock, shares issued | 132,315,465 | 131,537,798 | ||
Common stock, shares outstanding | 130,121,292 | 129,417,089 | ||
Authorized the repurchase of shares of common stock | 250,000,000 | |||
Repurchase of common stock, shares | 2,120,709 | |||
Aggregate cost of shares repurchased, common stock | $145 | $145 | ||
Remaining authorized share repurchased amount | $105 | |||
Dividend declared on common stock | $0 | $0 | $0 | |
Class B Common Stock | ||||
Schedule Of Capitalization Equity [Line Items] | ||||
Common stock, shares authorized | 400,000,000 | 400,000,000 | ||
Common stock, par value | $0.00 | $0.00 | ||
Right to voting | 10 votes per share | |||
Vote per common share | 10 | |||
Common stock, shares issued | 12,799,999 | 12,799,999 | ||
Common stock, shares outstanding | 12,799,999 | 12,799,999 | ||
Common Stock | ||||
Schedule Of Capitalization Equity [Line Items] | ||||
Common stock, shares authorized | 1,600,000,000 | |||
Common stock, par value | $0.00 | |||
Right to voting | one vote per share | |||
Vote per common share | 1 |
Stockholders_Equity_Accumulate
Stockholders' Equity - Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss Primarily Comprised of Accumulated Foreign Currency Translation (Details) (USD $) | Dec. 31, 2014 |
In Millions, unless otherwise specified | |
Schedule Of Capitalization Equity [Line Items] | |
Total accumulated other comprehensive loss | ($31) |
Cumulative Foreign Currency Translation Adjustments | |
Schedule Of Capitalization Equity [Line Items] | |
Total accumulated other comprehensive loss | ($31) |
Related_Party_Transactions_Add
Related Party Transactions - Additional Information (Details) | 0 Months Ended | 12 Months Ended | |
Dec. 11, 2012 | Dec. 31, 2014 | Dec. 31, 2013 | |
Liberty | |||
Related Party Transaction [Line Items] | |||
Common stock purchased by Liberty | 4,799,848 | ||
Beneficially ownership of shares of common stock | 18,159,752 | ||
Percentage of interest held by related party | 100.00% | 100.00% | |
LTRIP | |||
Related Party Transaction [Line Items] | |||
Beneficially ownership of shares of common stock | 18,159,752 | ||
Percentage taken from outstanding shares of common stock | 14.00% | ||
Percentage of beneficially ownership of shares of common stock | 21.70% | ||
Right to voting | one vote per share | ||
Beneficially ownership of equity securities | 56.60% | ||
Class B Common Stock | |||
Related Party Transaction [Line Items] | |||
Right to voting | 10 votes per share | ||
Class B Common Stock | Liberty | |||
Related Party Transaction [Line Items] | |||
Beneficially ownership of shares of common stock | 12,799,999 | ||
Class B Common Stock | LTRIP | |||
Related Party Transaction [Line Items] | |||
Beneficially ownership of shares of common stock | 12,799,999 | ||
Percentage taken from outstanding shares of common stock | 100.00% | ||
Right to voting | Ten votes per share | ||
Common Stock | |||
Related Party Transaction [Line Items] | |||
Right to voting | one vote per share | ||
Common Stock | Liberty | |||
Related Party Transaction [Line Items] | |||
Beneficially ownership of shares of common stock | 18,159,752 |
Segment_and_Geographic_Informa2
Segment and Geographic Information - Additional Information (Details) | 12 Months Ended |
Dec. 31, 2014 | |
Segment | |
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items] | |
Number of reportable segment | 2 |
Other Segment | |
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items] | |
Number of operating segments | 3 |
Segment_and_Geographic_Informa3
Segment and Geographic Information - Summary of Segment Information (Details) (USD $) | 3 Months Ended | 12 Months Ended | ||||||||||||
In Millions, unless otherwise specified | Dec. 31, 2014 | Sep. 30, 2014 | Jun. 30, 2014 | Mar. 31, 2014 | Dec. 31, 2013 | Sep. 30, 2013 | Jun. 30, 2013 | Mar. 31, 2013 | Dec. 31, 2014 | Dec. 31, 2013 | Dec. 31, 2012 | |||
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items] | ||||||||||||||
Revenue | $288 | $354 | $323 | $281 | $213 | $255 | $247 | $230 | $1,246 | $945 | $763 | |||
Adjusted EBITDA | 468 | [1] | 379 | [1] | 352 | [1] | ||||||||
Depreciation | -47 | [2] | -30 | [2] | -20 | [2] | ||||||||
Amortization of intangible assets | -18 | -6 | -6 | |||||||||||
Stock-based compensation | -63 | -49 | -30 | |||||||||||
Operating income (loss) | 60 | 84 | 100 | 96 | 28 | 84 | 94 | 88 | 340 | 294 | 296 | |||
Other expense, net | -18 | -10 | -14 | |||||||||||
Income before income taxes | 322 | 284 | 282 | |||||||||||
Provision for income taxes | -96 | -79 | -87 | |||||||||||
Net income | 36 | 54 | 68 | 68 | 20 | 56 | 67 | 62 | 226 | 205 | 195 | |||
Operating Segments | Hotel | ||||||||||||||
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items] | ||||||||||||||
Revenue | 1,135 | 899 | 732 | |||||||||||
Adjusted EBITDA | 472 | [1] | 384 | [1] | 349 | [1] | ||||||||
Operating income (loss) | 472 | 384 | 349 | |||||||||||
Operating Segments | Other Segment | ||||||||||||||
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items] | ||||||||||||||
Revenue | 111 | 46 | 31 | |||||||||||
Adjusted EBITDA | -4 | [1] | -5 | [1] | 3 | [1] | ||||||||
Operating income (loss) | -4 | -5 | 3 | |||||||||||
Corporate and Unallocated | ||||||||||||||
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items] | ||||||||||||||
Depreciation | -47 | -30 | -20 | |||||||||||
Amortization of intangible assets | -18 | -6 | -6 | |||||||||||
Stock-based compensation | -63 | -49 | -30 | |||||||||||
Operating income (loss) | ($128) | ($85) | ($56) | |||||||||||
[1] | Includes allocated general and administrative expenses in our Hotel segment of $87 million, $72 million and $56 million; and in our Other segment of $18 million, $9 million and $6 million for the years ended December 31, 2014, 2013 and 2012, respectively. | |||||||||||||
[2] | Includes amortization of internal use software and website development costs. |
Segment_and_Geographic_Informa4
Segment and Geographic Information - Summary of Segment Information (Parenthetical) (Details) (USD $) | 12 Months Ended | |||||
In Millions, unless otherwise specified | Dec. 31, 2014 | Dec. 31, 2013 | Dec. 31, 2012 | |||
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items] | ||||||
General and administrative expenses | $128 | [1] | $98 | [1] | $76 | [1] |
Hotel | ||||||
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items] | ||||||
General and administrative expenses | 87 | 72 | 56 | |||
Other Segment | ||||||
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items] | ||||||
General and administrative expenses | $18 | $9 | $6 | |||
[1] | Includes stock-based compensation expense as follows: |
Segment_and_Geographic_Informa5
Segment and Geographic Information - Reconciliation of Adjusted EBITDA to Net Income (Details) (USD $) | 3 Months Ended | 12 Months Ended | ||||||||||||
In Millions, unless otherwise specified | Dec. 31, 2014 | Sep. 30, 2014 | Jun. 30, 2014 | Mar. 31, 2014 | Dec. 31, 2013 | Sep. 30, 2013 | Jun. 30, 2013 | Mar. 31, 2013 | Dec. 31, 2014 | Dec. 31, 2013 | Dec. 31, 2012 | |||
Segment Reporting [Abstract] | ||||||||||||||
Adjusted EBITDA | $468 | [1] | $379 | [1] | $352 | [1] | ||||||||
Depreciation | -47 | [2] | -30 | [2] | -20 | [2] | ||||||||
OIBA | 421 | [3] | 349 | [3] | 332 | [3] | ||||||||
Amortization of intangible assets | -18 | -6 | -6 | |||||||||||
Stock-based compensation | -63 | -49 | -30 | |||||||||||
Other expense, net | -18 | -10 | -14 | |||||||||||
Provision for income taxes | -96 | -79 | -87 | |||||||||||
Net income | $36 | $54 | $68 | $68 | $20 | $56 | $67 | $62 | $226 | $205 | $195 | |||
[1] | Includes allocated general and administrative expenses in our Hotel segment of $87 million, $72 million and $56 million; and in our Other segment of $18 million, $9 million and $6 million for the years ended December 31, 2014, 2013 and 2012, respectively. | |||||||||||||
[2] | Includes amortization of internal use software and website development costs. | |||||||||||||
[3] | We define OIBA as net income (loss) plus: (1) provision for income taxes; (2) other income (expense), net; (3) stock-based compensation; (4) amortization of intangible assets; and (5) non-recurring expenses. This operating metric is only used by our management to calculate our annual obligation for our charitable foundation. Refer to “Note 12— Commitments and Contingencies†for a discussion of our charitable foundation. |
Segment_and_Geographic_Informa6
Segment and Geographic Information - Summary of Total Revenue by Product (Details) (USD $) | 3 Months Ended | 12 Months Ended | |||||||||
In Millions, unless otherwise specified | Dec. 31, 2014 | Sep. 30, 2014 | Jun. 30, 2014 | Mar. 31, 2014 | Dec. 31, 2013 | Sep. 30, 2013 | Jun. 30, 2013 | Mar. 31, 2013 | Dec. 31, 2014 | Dec. 31, 2013 | Dec. 31, 2012 |
Revenue from External Customer [Line Items] | |||||||||||
Total revenue | $288 | $354 | $323 | $281 | $213 | $255 | $247 | $230 | $1,246 | $945 | $763 |
Click-based advertising | |||||||||||
Revenue from External Customer [Line Items] | |||||||||||
Total revenue | 870 | 696 | 588 | ||||||||
Display-based advertising | |||||||||||
Revenue from External Customer [Line Items] | |||||||||||
Total revenue | 140 | 119 | 94 | ||||||||
Subscription, transaction and other | |||||||||||
Revenue from External Customer [Line Items] | |||||||||||
Total revenue | $236 | $130 | $81 |
Segment_and_Geographic_Informa7
Segment and Geographic Information - Summary of Revenue by Geographic Area (Details) (USD $) | 3 Months Ended | 12 Months Ended | |||||||||
In Millions, unless otherwise specified | Dec. 31, 2014 | Sep. 30, 2014 | Jun. 30, 2014 | Mar. 31, 2014 | Dec. 31, 2013 | Sep. 30, 2013 | Jun. 30, 2013 | Mar. 31, 2013 | Dec. 31, 2014 | Dec. 31, 2013 | Dec. 31, 2012 |
Revenues From External Customers And Long Lived Assets [Line Items] | |||||||||||
Total revenue | $288 | $354 | $323 | $281 | $213 | $255 | $247 | $230 | $1,246 | $945 | $763 |
United States | |||||||||||
Revenues From External Customers And Long Lived Assets [Line Items] | |||||||||||
Total revenue | 593 | 463 | 386 | ||||||||
United Kingdom | |||||||||||
Revenues From External Customers And Long Lived Assets [Line Items] | |||||||||||
Total revenue | 191 | 141 | 110 | ||||||||
All Other Countries | |||||||||||
Revenues From External Customers And Long Lived Assets [Line Items] | |||||||||||
Total revenue | $462 | $341 | $267 |
Segment_and_Geographic_Informa8
Segment and Geographic Information - Property and Equipment, Net (Details) (USD $) | Dec. 31, 2014 | Dec. 31, 2013 |
In Millions, unless otherwise specified | ||
Revenues From External Customers And Long Lived Assets [Line Items] | ||
Property and equipment, net | $195 | $82 |
United States | ||
Revenues From External Customers And Long Lived Assets [Line Items] | ||
Property and equipment, net | 170 | 67 |
All Other Countries | ||
Revenues From External Customers And Long Lived Assets [Line Items] | ||
Property and equipment, net | $25 | $15 |
Interest_Income_and_Other_Net_1
Interest Income and Other, Net - Schedule of Interest Income and Other, Net (Detail) (USD $) | 12 Months Ended | ||
In Millions, unless otherwise specified | Dec. 31, 2014 | Dec. 31, 2013 | Dec. 31, 2012 |
Interest And Other Income [Abstract] | |||
Net loss, realized and unrealized, on foreign exchange and foreign currency derivative contracts | ($10) | ($2) | ($3) |
Interest income | 1 | 2 | |
Total interest income and other, net | ($9) | ($3) |
Quarterly_Financial_Informatio2
Quarterly Financial Information - Summary of Selected Unaudited Financial Information (Detail) (USD $) | 3 Months Ended | 12 Months Ended | |||||||||
In Millions, except Per Share data, unless otherwise specified | Dec. 31, 2014 | Sep. 30, 2014 | Jun. 30, 2014 | Mar. 31, 2014 | Dec. 31, 2013 | Sep. 30, 2013 | Jun. 30, 2013 | Mar. 31, 2013 | Dec. 31, 2014 | Dec. 31, 2013 | Dec. 31, 2012 |
Year ended December 31, 2014 | |||||||||||
Revenue | $288 | $354 | $323 | $281 | $213 | $255 | $247 | $230 | $1,246 | $945 | $763 |
Operating income | 60 | 84 | 100 | 96 | 28 | 84 | 94 | 88 | 340 | 294 | 296 |
Net income | 36 | 54 | 68 | 68 | 20 | 56 | 67 | 62 | 226 | 205 | 195 |
Net income attributable to TripAdvisor, Inc. | $36 | $54 | $68 | $68 | $20 | $56 | $67 | $62 | $226 | $205 | $194 |
Basic earnings per share | $0.25 | $0.38 | $0.48 | $0.48 | $0.14 | $0.39 | $0.47 | $0.44 | $1.58 | $1.44 | $1.39 |
Diluted earnings per share | $0.25 | $0.37 | $0.47 | $0.47 | $0.14 | $0.38 | $0.46 | $0.43 | $1.55 | $1.41 | $1.37 |