Fair Value Disclosures [Text Block] | 4. Fair Value Fair Value Measurement Financial assets and liabilities recorded at fair value on a recurring basis are classified in their entirety based on the lowest level of input that is significant to the fair value measurement. December 31, 2015 Assets and Liabilities at Fair Value Level 1 Level 2 Level 3 Total Assets Mortgage loans held for investment $ $ $ 397,678,140 $ 397,678,140 Mortgage loans held for sale 115,942,230 115,942,230 Non-Agency RMBS 109,339,281 109,339,281 Other Investment Securities 12,804,196 12,804,196 MSRs 48,209,016 48,209,016 Derivative assets 2,376,187 2,376,187 Total $ $ 115,942,230 $ 570,406,820 $ 686,349,050 Liabilities Contingent consideration $ $ $ 11,285,100 $ 11,285,100 Derivative liabilities 1,822,096 9,871 1,831,967 Total $ $ 1,822,096 $ 11,294,971 $ 13,117,067 December 31, 2014 Assets and Liabilities at Fair Value Level 1 Level 2 Level 3 Total Assets Mortgage loans held for investment $ $ $ 415,959,838 $ 415,959,838 Mortgage loans held for sale 97,690,960 97,690,960 Non-Agency RMBS 148,585,733 148,585,733 Other Investment Securities 2,040,532 2,040,532 MSRs 33,378,978 33,378,978 Derivative assets 2,485,100 2,485,100 Total $ $ 97,690,960 $ 602,450,181 $ 700,141,141 Liabilities Contingent consideration $ $ $ 11,430,413 $ 11,430,413 Derivative liabilities 2,585,184 2,585,184 Total $ $ 2,585,184 $ 11,430,413 $ 14,015,597 The following table presents additional information about the Company’s financial instruments which are measured at fair value on a recurring basis for which the Company has utilized Level 3 inputs to determine fair value: Year Ended December 31, 2015 Year Ended December 31, 2014 Mortgage Non-Agency Other Mortgage Non-Agency Other Beginning balance $ 415,959,838 $ 148,585,733 $ 2,040,532 $ 331,785,542 $ 226,155,221 $ Originations/acquisitions 21,709,387 6,362,138 17,031,330 85,579,169 47,034,327 12,926,953 Proceeds from sales (26,770,882) (5,961,506) (102,635,229) (11,067,378) Amortization of premiums (6,422) Net accretion of discounts 7,767,854 3,882,887 192,476 7,497,341 5,528,538 180,438 Proceeds from principal repayments (36,056,879) (17,888,188) (9,915) (31,759,326) (28,197,740) Conversion of mortgage loans to REO (3,806,064) (1,796,028) Total losses (realized/unrealized) included in earnings (19,504,275) (6,105,642) (723,638) (8,250,003) (6,694,487) (226,224) Total gains (realized/unrealized) included in earnings 11,614,701 1,273,235 234,917 32,903,143 7,395,103 226,743 Ending balance $ 397,678,140 $ 109,339,281 $ 12,804,196 $ 415,959,838 $ 148,585,733 $ 2,040,532 The amount of total gains or (losses) for the period included in earnings attributable to the change in unrealized gains or losses relating to assets or liabilities still held at the reporting date $ (9,639,808) $ (4,098,040) $ (567,589) $ 22,957,500 $ (1,039,499) $ (226,224) Derivative Instruments Year Ended Year Ended Loan Purchase Interest Rate Loan Purchase Interest Rate Beginning balance $ 4,037 $ 2,481,063 $ $ Acquisition of GMFS 2,702,954 Change in unrealized gain or loss (13,908) (104,876) 4,037 (221,891) Ending balance $ (9,871) $ 2,376,187 $ 4,037 $ 2,481,063 The amount of total gains or (losses) for the year included in earnings attributable to the change in unrealized gains or losses relating to assets or liabilities still held at the reporting date $ (13,908) $ (104,876) $ 4.037 $ (221,891) MSRs See Note 8 "Mortgage Servicing Rights, at fair value" for additional information about the Company's MSRs. Year Ended December 31, December 31, Beginning balance $ 11,430,413 $ Acquisition of GMFS 11,430,413 Change in fair value (145,313) Ending balance $ 11,285,100 $ 11,430,413 There were no financial assets or liabilities that were accounted for at fair value on a nonrecurring basis at December 31, 2015 or December 31, 2014. During the years ended December 31, 2015 and December 31, 2014, mortgage loans held for investment were transferred out of Level 3 when the properties were foreclosed and were classified as real estate owned. There were no other transfers into or out of Level 1, Level 2 or Level 3 during the years ended December 31, 2015 or December 31, 2014. Fair Value at Valuation Unobservable Min Max Weighted Mortgage loans held for Investment $ 397,678,140 Discounted cash flow model Constant voluntary prepayment 1.9 % 5.0 % 3.2 % Constant default rate 1.4 % 5.0 % 3.1 % Loss severity 5.9 % 37.2 % 22.1 % Delinquency 6.3 % 13.2 % 10.9 % Non-Agency RMBS Alternative A $ 35,998,175 Broker quotes/comparable trades Constant voluntary prepayment 2.7 % 18.9 % 12.9 % Constant default rate 0.2 % 7.8 % 2.8 % Loss severity 0.0 % 85.0 % 21.0 % Delinquency 1.4 % 22.2 % 8.9 % Pay option adjustable rate 32,209,538 Broker quotes/comparable trades Constant voluntary prepayment 2.2 % 13.5 % 7.5 % Constant default rate 0.5 % 13.0 % 3.5 % Loss severity 0.0 % 95.6 % 40.0 % Delinquency 5.3 % 21.9 % 12.3 % Prime 32,482,521 Broker quotes/comparable trades Constant voluntary prepayment 3.6 % 21.0 % 8.0 % Constant default rate 0.5 % 9.4 % 3.7 % Loss severity 0.0 % 85.1 % 28.9 % Delinquency 4.4 % 25.5 % 12.0 % Subprime 8,649,047 Broker quotes/comparable trades Constant voluntary prepayment 1.2 % 7.7 % 3.9 % Constant default rate 3.0 % 8.0 % 6.2 % Loss severity 11.1 % 128.5 % 54.0 % Delinquency 18.3 % 28.0 % 22.2 % Total Non-Agency RMBS $ 109,339,281 Other Investment Securities $ 12,804,196 Broker quotes/comparable trades Constant voluntary prepayment 4.0 % 18.4 % 6.9 % MSRs $ 48,209,016 Discounted cash flow model Constant voluntary prepayment 8.5 % 10.5 % 9.3 % Cost of servicing $ 77 $ 110 $ 92 Discount rate 9.0 % 10.0 % 9.4 % Contingent consideration $ 11,285,100 Option pricing model Discount rate 10.2 % 10.8 % 10.5 % Production volatility 20.0 % Profitability volatility 50.0 % Fair Value at Valuation Unobservable Input Min/Max Weighted Mortgage loans held for investment $ 415,959,838 Discounted cash flow model Constant voluntary prepayment 1.4 % 27.1 % 3.9 % Constant default rate 0.0 % 4.0 % 2.9 % Loss severity 0.0 % 40.5 % 23.8 % Delinquency 0.1 % 13.6 % 10.6 % Non-Agency RMBS Alternative A $ 61,296,540 Broker quotes/ comparable trades Constant voluntary prepayment 1.6 % 24.8 % 13.6 % Constant default rate 0.1 % 8.4 % 3.1 % Loss severity 0.0 % 81.1 % 20.5 % Delinquency 1.3 % 25.9 % 10.1 % Pay option adjustable rate $ 45,541,325 Broker quotes/ comparable trades Constant voluntary prepayment 1.7 % 20.1 % 8.9 % Constant default rate 1.6 % 19.4 % 4.3 % Loss severity 0.0 % 66.2 % 38.0 % Delinquency 6.8 % 29.1 % 15.2 % Prime $ 39,065,076 Broker quotes/ comparable trades Constant voluntary prepayment 2.6 % 17.3 % 9.2 % Constant default rate 0.2 % 9.2 % 4.1 % Loss severity 0.0 % 78.3 % 28.2 % Delinquency 5.0 % 24.8 % 13.0 % Subprime $ 2,682,792 Broker quotes/ comparable trades Constant voluntary prepayment 2.4 % 7.4 % 4.7 % Constant default rate 6.0 % 8.0 % 7.7 % Loss severity 65.0 % 85.0 % 72.0 % Delinquency 25.5 % 27.7 % 26.8 % Total Non-Agency RMBS $ 148,585,733 Other Investment Securities $ 2,040,532 Broker quotes/ comparable trades Constant voluntary prepayment 7.5 % MSRs $ 33,378,978 Discounted cash flow model Constant prepayment rate 7.6 % 58.2 % 10.6 % Cost of servicing $ 76 $ 533 $ 91 Discount rate 9.0 % 10.0 % 9.4 % Contingent consideration $ 11,430,413 Discounted cash flow model Cost of equity 6.4 % Cost of capital 16.9 % The valuation methodology for the contingent consideration changed from 2014 to 2015. The contingent consideration recorded at December 31, 2014 was based on a discount cash flow in connection with the acquisition of GMFS on October 31, 2014. The Company used an option pricing model to reassess the fair value of the contingent consideration at December 31, 2015. Derivative Financial Instruments The Company estimates the fair value of interest rate lock commitments ("IRLC") based on quoted Agency MBS prices, the expected net future cash flows related to servicing the mortgage loan, adjusted for: (i) estimated costs to complete and originate the loan and (ii) an adjustment to reflect the estimated percentage of IRLCs that will result in a closed mortgage loan under the original terms of the agreement (or “pullthrough rate”). The Company categorizes IRLCs as a "Level 3" financial statement item. The significant unobservable inputs used in the fair value measurement of the Company's IRLCs are the pull-through rate and the expected net future cash flows related to servicing the MSRs component of the Company's estimate of the value of the mortgage loans it has committed to purchase. Significant changes in the pull-through rate and expected net future cash flows related to servicing the MSR component of the IRLCs, in isolation, may result in a significant change in fair value. The financial effects of changes in these assumptions are generally inversely correlated as increasing interest rates have a positive effect on the fair value of the MSR component of IRLC value, but increase the pull-through rate for loans that have decreased in fair value. Pull-through rate Range 62.4% 100.0% 55.7% - 100.0% Weighted average 87.6% 85.0% MSR value expressed as: Servicing fee multiple Range 0.8% - 5.9% 0.4% - 6.0% Weighted average 4.3% 4.4% Percentage of unpaid principal balance Range 0.3% - 1.7% 0.2% - 1.9% Weighted average 1.1% 1.1% The fair value measurements of these assets are sensitive to changes in assumptions regarding prepayment, probability of default, loss severity in the event of default, forecasts of home prices, and significant activity or developments in the real estate market. Significant changes in any of those inputs in isolation may result in significantly higher or lower fair value measurements. Generally, an increase in the probability of default and loss severity in the event of default would result in a lower fair value measurement. A decrease in these assumptions would have the opposite effect. Conversely, an assumption that the home prices will increase would result in a higher fair value measurement. A decrease in the assumption for home prices would have the opposite effect. Fair Value Option Changes in fair value for assets and liabilities for which the fair value option was elected are recognized in earnings as they occur. The fair value option may be elected on an instrument-by-instrument basis at initial recognition of an asset or liability or upon an event that gives rise to a new basis of accounting for that instrument. December 31, 2015 December 31, 2014 Fair Value Unpaid Principal (2) Difference Fair Value Unpaid Principal (2) Difference Financial instruments, at fair value Mortgage loans held for investment (1) $ 397,678,140 $ 444,500,063 $ (46,821,923) $ 415,959,838 $ 464,877,028 $ (48,917,190) Mortgage loans held for sale 115,942,230 111,393,424 4,548,804 97,690,960 92,917,659 4,773,301 Non-Agency RMBS 109,339,281 168,925,162 (59,585,881) 148,585,733 226,501,915 (77,916,182) Other Investment Securities 12,804,196 13,398,851 (594,655) 2,040,532 2,250,000 (209,468) MSRs 48,209,016 4,173,927,393 N/A (3) 33,378,978 3,078,974,342 N/A (3) (1) Balance comprised of loans that are (i) distressed and re-performing at the time of purchase and (ii) newly originated at the time of purchase. (2) Non-Agency RMBS includes an IO with a notional balance of $35.0 million and $48.6 million at December 31, 2015 and December 31, 2014, respectively. (3) Amounts not presented. Unpaid principal balance of MSRs are generally significantly greater than their fair value. Fair Value of Other Financial Instruments In addition to the above disclosures regarding assets or liabilities which are recorded at fair value, U.S. GAAP requires disclosure about the fair value of all other financial instruments. Estimated fair value of financial instruments was determined by the Company using available market information and appropriate valuation methodologies. Considerable judgment is necessary to interpret market data and develop estimated fair values. The use of different market assumptions and/or estimation methodologies may have a material effect on estimated fair values. December 31, 2015 December 31, 2014 Fair Value Carrying Value Fair Value Carrying Value Other financial instruments Assets Cash $ 20,793,716 $ 20,793,716 $ 33,791,013 $ 33,791,013 Restricted cash 4,371,725 4,371,725 7,143,078 7,143,078 Mortgage loans held for investment, at cost 1,886,642 1,886,642 1,310,544 1,338,935 Liabilities Warehouse lines of credit $ 100,768,428 $ 100,768,428 $ 89,417,564 $ 89,417,564 Loan repurchase facilities 296,789,330 296,789,330 300,092,293 300,092,293 Securities repurchase agreements 73,300,159 73,300,159 103,014,105 103,014,105 Exchangeable Senior Notes 56,775,500 56,509,046 59,933,400 55,474,741 Cash includes cash on hand for which fair value equals carrying value (a Level 1 measurement). Restricted cash represents the Company's cash held by counterparties as collateral against the Company's derivatives, loan repurchase facilities and securities repurchase agreements. Due to the short-term nature of the restrictions, fair value approximates carrying value (a Level 1 measurement). The fair value of the mortgage loans held for investment is determined, where possible using secondary-market prices. If no such quoted price exists, the fair value of a loan is determined using quoted prices for a similar asset or assets, adjusted for the specific attributes of that loan. Accordingly, mortgage loans held for investment, at cost are classified as Level 2 in the fair value hierarchy. The fair value of the Company's warehouse lines of credit and repurchase agreements related to the GMFS mortgage banking platform, loan repurchase facilities and securities repurchase agreements is based on an expected present value technique using observable market interest rates. As such, the Company considers the estimated fair value to be a Level 2 measurement. This method discounts future estimated cash flows using rates the Company determined best reflect current market interest rates that would be offered for loans with similar characteristics and credit quality. The fair value of the Exchangeable Senior Notes (see Note 12) is based on observable market prices (a Level 2 measurement). The differences reflected in the table for mortgage loans held for investment are not necessarily indicative of cumulative gains or losses related to loans because it does not take into account the fair value of the loans at the date of acquisition. |