Fair Value Disclosures [Text Block] | 4. Fair Value Fair Value Measurement Financial assets and liabilities recorded at fair value on a recurring basis are classified in their entirety based on the lowest level of input that is significant to the fair value measurement. The following tables present the Company’s financial instruments that were accounted for at fair value on a recurring basis at March 31, 2016 and December 31, 2015 by level within the fair value hierarchy: March 31, 2016 Assets and Liabilities at Fair Value Level 1 Level 2 Level 3 Total Assets Mortgage loans held for investment $ — $ — $ 32,114,043 $ 32,114,043 Mortgage loans held for sale previously held for investment — — 368,956,195 368,956,195 Mortgage loans held for sale 110,859,815 — 110,859,815 Non-Agency RMBS — — 87,120,006 87,120,006 Other Investment Securities — — 12,878,022 12,878,022 MSRs — — 44,852,686 44,852,686 Derivative assets — — 4,040,132 4,040,132 Total $ — $ 110,859,815 $ 549,961,084 $ 660,820,899 Liabilities Contingent consideration $ — $ — $ 11,483,100 $ 11,483,100 Derivative liabilities — 3,735,023 — 3,735,023 Total $ — $ 3,735,023 $ 11,483,100 $ 15,218,123 December 31, 2015 Assets and Liabilities at Fair Value Level 1 Level 2 Level 3 Total Assets Mortgage loans held for investment $ — $ — $ 397,678,140 $ 397,678,140 Mortgage loans held for sale — 115,942,230 — 115,942,230 Non-Agency RMBS — — 109,339,281 109,339,281 Other Investment Securities — — 12,804,196 12,804,196 MSRs — — 48,209,016 48,209,016 Derivative assets — — 2,376,187 2,376,187 Total $ — $ 115,942,230 $ 570,406,820 $ 686,349,050 Liabilities Contingent consideration $ — $ — $ 11,285,100 $ 11,285,100 Derivative liabilities — 1,822,096 9,871 1,831,967 Total $ — $ 1,822,096 $ 11,294,971 $ 13,117,067 The following table presents additional information about the Company’s financial instruments which are measured at fair value on a recurring basis for which the Company has utilized Level 3 inputs to determine fair value: Mortgage Loans Held for Investment and Held for Sale Previously Held for Investment, RMBS and Other Investment Securities Three Months Ended Three Months Ended March 31, 2016 March 31, 2015 Mortgage Mortgage Investment and Other Loans Held Other Previously Held Real Estate Investment for Real Estate Investment for Investment Securities Securities Investment Securities Securities Balance, beginning of period $ 397,678,140 $ 109,339,281 $ 12,804,196 $ 415,959,838 $ 148,585,733 $ 2,040,532 Originations/acquisitions 11,528,793 — — 1,476,838 — — Proceeds from sales — (16,094,298) — — — — Amortization of premiums (12,568) — — (384) — — Net accretion of discounts 1,782,505 571,063 49,204 2,012,665 1,248,910 10,740 Proceeds from principal repayments (11,447,746) (4,178,332) — (7,112,305) (3,942,700) — Conversion of mortgage loans to REO (1,513,223) — — (189,648) — — Total losses (realized/unrealized) included in earnings (4,646,504) (3,290,046) (45,733) (8,823,926) (1,028,489) — Total gains (realized/unrealized) included in earnings 7,700,841 772,338 70,355 7,768,282 850,718 136,320 Balance, end of period $ 401,070,238 $ 87,120,006 $ 12,878,022 $ 411,091,360 $ 145,714,172 $ 2,187,592 The amount of total gains or (losses) for the period included in earnings attributable to the change in unrealized gains or losses relating to assets or liabilities still held at the reporting date $ 2,531,471 $ (2,423,297) $ 24,622 $ (1,204,068) $ (177,772) $ 136,320 Derivative Instruments Three Months Ended Three Months Ended March 31, 2016 March 31, 2015 Interest Rate Interest Rate Loan Purchase Lock Loan Purchase Lock Commitments Commitments Commitments Commitments Beginning balance $ (9,871) $ 2,376,187 $ 4,037 $ 2,481,063 Change in unrealized gain or loss 32,463 1,641,353 23,822 1,936,514 Ending balance $ 22,592 $ 4,017,540 $ 27,859 $ 4,417,577 The amount of total gains or (losses) for the year included in earnings attributable to the change in unrealized gains or losses relating to assets or liabilities still held at the reporting date $ 32,463 $ 1,641,353 $ 23,822 $ 1,936,514 MSRs See Note 8 – "Mortgage Servicing Rights, at fair value" for additional information about the Company's MSRs. Contingent Consideration There were no financial assets or liabilities that were accounted for at fair value on a nonrecurring basis at March 31, 2016 or December 31, 2015. During the three months ended March 31, 2016 and March 31, 2015, mortgage loans held for investment were transferred out of Level 3 when the properties were foreclosed and were classified as real estate owned. There were no other transfers into or out of Level 1, Level 2 or Level 3 during the months ended March 31, 2016 or March 31, 2015. Fair Value at March 31, Valuation Unobservable Weighted 2016 Technique(s) Input Min Max Average Mortgage loans Held for Investment and Sale $ 401,070,238 Discounted cash flow model Constant voluntary prepayment 2.1 % 5.2 % 3.4 % Constant default rate 1.6 % 4.0 % 3.0 % Loss severity 6.5 % 37.3 % 21.9 % Delinquency 6.5 % 13.7 % 11.2 % Non-Agency RMBS Alternative – A $ 26,102,680 Broker quotes/comparable trades Constant voluntary prepayment 2.6 % 16.2 % 11.3 % Constant default rate 0.3 % 7.1 % 2.8 % Loss severity 0.3 % 85.0 % 20.8 % Delinquency 1.7 % 22.4 % 8.8 % Pay option adjustable rate 25,541,425 Broker quotes/comparable trades Constant voluntary prepayment 2.2 % 7.1 % 4.1 % Constant default rate 1.1 % 15.3 % 3.7 % Loss severity 0.1 % 74.0 % 34.7 % Delinquency 5.4 % 20.1 % 13.1 % Prime 28,928,776 Broker quotes/comparable trades Constant voluntary prepayment 4.2 % 23.6 % 7.9 % Constant default rate 0.8 % 8.9 % 3.5 % Loss severity 0.0 % 87.8 % 27.5 % Delinquency 3.7 % 25.4 % 11.9 % Subprime 6,547,125 Broker quotes/comparable trades Constant voluntary prepayment 1.3 % 4.4 % 3.1 % Constant default rate 4.3 % 6.0 % 5.3 % Loss severity 10.9 % 85.0 % 49.1 % Delinquency 19.6 % 27.8 % 23.1 % Total Non-Agency RMBS $ 87,120,006 Other Investment Securities $ 12,878,022 Broker quotes/comparable trades Constant voluntary prepayment 4.1 % 23.6 % 7.6 % MSRs $ 44,852,686 Discounted cash flow model Constant voluntary prepayment 10.3 % 12.2 % 11.3 % Cost of servicing $ 77 $ 109 $ 91 Discount rate 9.0 % 10.0 % 9.4 % Contingent consideration $ 11,483,100 Option pricing model Discount rate 10.2 % 10.8 % 10.5 % Production volatility — — 20.0 % Profitability volatility — — 50.0 % Fair Value at December 31, Valuation Unobservable Weighted 2015 Technique(s) Input Min Max Average Mortgage loans held for Investment $ 397,678,140 Discounted cash flow model Constant voluntary prepayment 1.9 % 5.0 % 3.2 % Constant default rate 1.4 % 5.0 % 3.1 % Loss severity 5.9 % 37.2 % 22.1 % Delinquency 6.3 % 13.2 % 10.9 % Non-Agency RMBS Alternative – A $ 35,998,175 Broker quotes/comparable trades Constant voluntary prepayment 2.7 % 18.9 % 12.9 % Constant default rate 0.2 % 7.8 % 2.8 % Loss severity 0.0 % 85.0 % 21.0 % Delinquency 1.4 % 22.2 % 8.9 % Pay option adjustable rate 32,209,538 Broker quotes/comparable trades Constant voluntary prepayment 2.2 % 13.5 % 7.5 % Constant default rate 0.5 % 13.0 % 3.5 % Loss severity 0.0 % 95.6 % 40.0 % Delinquency 5.3 % 21.9 % 12.3 % Prime 32,482,521 Broker quotes/comparable trades Constant voluntary prepayment 3.6 % 21.0 % 8.0 % Constant default rate 0.5 % 9.4 % 3.7 % Loss severity 0.0 % 85.1 % 28.9 % Delinquency 4.4 % 25.5 % 12.0 % Subprime 8,649,047 Broker quotes/comparable trades Constant voluntary prepayment 1.2 % 7.7 % 3.9 % Constant default rate 3.0 % 8.0 % 6.2 % Loss severity 11.1 % 128.5 % 54.0 % Delinquency 18.3 % 28.0 % 22.2 % Total Non-Agency RMBS $ 109,339,281 Other Investment Securities $ 12,804,196 Broker quotes/comparable trades Constant voluntary prepayment 4.0 % 18.4 % 6.9 % MSRs $ 48,209,016 Discounted cash flow model Constant voluntary prepayment 8.5 % 10.5 % 9.3 % Cost of servicing $ 77 $ 110 $ 92 Discount rate 9.0 % 10.0 % 9.4 % Contingent consideration $ 11,285,100 Option pricing model Discount rate 10.2 % 10.8 % 10.5 % Production volatility — — 20.0 % Profitability volatility — — 50.0 % Derivative Financial Instruments The Company estimates the fair value of interest rate lock commitments ("IRLC") based on quoted Agency MBS prices, the expected net future cash flows related to servicing the mortgage loan, adjusted for: (i) estimated costs to complete and originate the loan and (ii) an adjustment to reflect the estimated percentage of IRLCs that will result in a closed mortgage loan under the original terms of the agreement (or “pullthrough rate”). The Company categorizes IRLCs as a "Level 3" financial statement item. The significant unobservable inputs used in the fair value measurement of the Company's IRLCs are the pull-through rate and the expected net future cash flows related to servicing the MSRs component of the Company's estimate of the value of the mortgage loans it has committed to purchase. Significant changes in the pull-through rate and expected net future cash flows related to servicing the MSR component of the IRLCs, in isolation, may result in a significant change in fair value. The financial effects of changes in these assumptions are generally inversely correlated as increasing interest rates have a positive effect on the fair value of the MSR component of IRLC value, but increase the pull-through rate for loans that have decreased in fair value. The following is a quantitative summary of key unobservable inputs used in the valuation of IRLCs at March 31, 2016 and December 31, 2015: March 31, December 31, 2016 2015 Pull-through rate Range 56.4% - 100.0 % 62.4% – 100.0 % Weighted average 87.6 % 87.6 % MSR value expressed as: Servicing fee multiple Range 0.1% - 6.1 % 0.8% - 5.9 % Weighted average 4.2 % 4.3 % Percentage of unpaid principal balance Range 0.1% - 1.5 % 0.3% - 1.7 % Weighted average 1.1 % 1.1 % The fair value measurements of these assets are sensitive to changes in assumptions regarding prepayment, probability of default, loss severity in the event of default, forecasts of home prices, and significant activity or developments in the real estate market. Significant changes in any of those inputs in isolation may result in significantly higher or lower fair value measurements. Generally, an increase in the probability of default and loss severity in the event of default would result in a lower fair value measurement. A decrease in these assumptions would have the opposite effect. Conversely, an assumption that the home prices will increase would result in a higher fair value measurement. A decrease in the assumption for home prices would have the opposite effect. Fair Value Option Changes in fair value for assets and liabilities for which the fair value option was elected are recognized in earnings as they occur. The fair value option may be elected on an instrument-by-instrument basis at initial recognition of an asset or liability or upon an event that gives rise to a new basis of accounting for that instrument. March 31, 2016 December 31, 2015 Unpaid Principal Unpaid Principal and/or Notional and/or Notional Fair Value Balance (2) Difference Fair Value Balance (2) Difference Financial instruments, at fair value Mortgage loans held for investment (1) $ 32,114,043 $ 31,304,573 $ 809,470 $ 397,678,140 $ 444,500,063 $ (46,821,923) Mortgage loans held for sale previously held for investment 368,956,195 411,002,700 (42,046,505) — — — Mortgage loans held for sale 110,859,815 105,739,051 5,120,764 115,942,230 111,393,424 4,548,806 Non-Agency RMBS (2) 87,120,006 143,682,422 (56,562,416) 109,339,281 168,925,162 (59,585,881) Other Investment Securities 12,878,022 13,395,816 (517,794) 12,804,196 13,398,851 (594,655) MSRs 44,852,686 4,429,521,268 N/A (3) 48,209,016 4,173,927,393 N/A (3) (1) At December 31, 2015, the balance is comprised of loans that are (i) distressed and re-performing at the time of purchase and (ii) newly originated at the time of purchase. (2) Non-Agency RMBS includes an IO with a notional balance of $ 33.7 35.0 (3) Amounts not presented. Unpaid principal balance of MSRs is generally significantly greater than their fair value. Fair Value of Other Financial Instruments In addition to the above disclosures regarding assets or liabilities which are recorded at fair value, U.S. GAAP requires disclosure about the fair value of all other financial instruments. Estimated fair value of financial instruments was determined by the Company using available market information and appropriate valuation methodologies. Considerable judgment is necessary to interpret market data and develop estimated fair values. The use of different market assumptions and/or estimation methodologies may have a material effect on estimated fair values. The following table summarizes the estimated fair value and carrying value for all other financial instruments at March 31, 2016 and December 31, 2015: March 31, 2016 December 31, 2015 Fair Value Carrying Value Fair Value Carrying Value Other financial instruments Assets Cash and cash equivalents $ 66,604,813 $ 66,604,813 $ 20,793,716 $ 20,793,716 Restricted cash 4,160,074 4,160,074 4,371,725 4,371,725 Mortgage loans held for investment, at cost 1,879,254 1,879,254 1,886,642 1,886,642 Liabilities Warehouse lines of credit $ 101,478,055 $ 101,478,055 $ 100,768,428 $ 100,768,428 Treasury security repurchase facility 39,574,000 39,574,000 — — Loan repurchase facilities 297,392,137 297,392,137 296,789,330 296,789,330 Securities repurchase agreements 60,800,779 60,800,779 73,300,159 73,300,159 Exchangeable Senior Notes 57,098,650 56,784,242 56,775,500 56,509,046 Cash and cash equivalents includes cash on hand and treasury securities for which fair value equals carrying value (a Level 1 measurement). Restricted cash represents the Company's cash held by counterparties as collateral against the Company's derivatives, loan repurchase facilities and securities repurchase agreements. Due to the short-term nature of the restrictions, fair value approximates carrying value (a Level 1 measurement). The fair value of the mortgage loans held for investment, at cost is determined, where possible using secondary-market prices. If no such quoted price exists, the fair value of a loan is determined using quoted prices for a similar asset or assets, adjusted for the specific attributes of that loan. Accordingly, mortgage loans held for investment, at cost are classified as Level 2 in the fair value hierarchy. The fair value of the Company's warehouse lines of credit and repurchase agreements related to the GMFS mortgage banking platform, treasury security repurchase agreement, loan repurchase facilities and securities repurchase agreements is based on an expected present value technique using observable market interest rates. As such, the Company considers the estimated fair value to be a Level 2 measurement. This method discounts future estimated cash flows using rates the Company determined best reflect current market interest rates that would be offered for loans with similar characteristics and credit quality. The fair value of the Exchangeable Senior Notes (see Note 13) is based on observable market prices (a Level 2 measurement). The differences reflected in the table for mortgage loans held for investment are not necessarily indicative of cumulative gains or losses related to loans because it does not take into account the fair value of the loans at the date of acquisition. |