Loans and Allowance for Loan Losses | Note 6 – Loans and Allowance for Loan Losses The accounting for a loan depends on management’s strategy for the loan, and on whether the loan was credit-impaired at the date of acquisition. The Company accounts for loans based on the following loan program categories: · Originated or purchased loans held-for-investment, other than PCI loans – originated transitional loans, originated conventional SBC and SBA loans that have been securitized, or acquired loans with no signs of credit deterioration at time of purchase. · Loans at fair value – certain originated conventional SBC loans for which the Company has elected the fair value option · Loans, held-for-sale, at fair value – originated or acquired that we intend to sell in the near term · PCI loans held-for-investment – acquired loans with signs of credit deterioration at time of purchase Loan Portfolio The following table summarizes the classification, unpaid principal balance (“UPB”), and carrying value of loans held by the Company including loans of consolidated VIEs: March 31, 2019 December 31, 2018 Loans (In Thousands) Carrying Value UPB Carrying Value UPB Loans Acquired SBA 7(a) loans $ 117,876 $ 152,737 $ 264,308 $ 283,423 Acquired loans 156,343 164,871 206,983 215,213 Acquired Transitional loans 130,449 134,813 — — Originated Transitional loans 431,494 434,968 272,981 275,237 Originated SBC loans, at fair value 22,595 22,297 22,664 22,325 Originated SBC loans 110,265 109,251 345,100 342,751 Originated SBA 7(a) loans 91,892 96,474 85,569 89,733 Originated Residential Agency loans 2,818 2,868 1,899 1,900 Total Loans, before allowance for loan losses $ 1,063,732 $ 1,118,279 $ 1,199,504 $ 1,230,582 Allowance for loan losses $ (6,709) — $ (6,112) — Total Loans, net $ 1,057,023 $ 1,118,279 $ 1,193,392 $ 1,230,582 Loans in consolidated VIEs Loans Originated SBC loans $ 719,200 $ 709,287 $ 432,308 $ 422,897 Acquired loans 484,745 495,149 343,156 354,794 Acquired SBA 7(a) loans — — 55,966 74,554 Originated Transitional loans 300,333 301,330 391,752 393,116 Total Loans, in consolidated VIEs, before allowance for loan losses $ 1,504,278 $ 1,505,766 $ 1,223,182 $ 1,245,361 Allowance for loan losses on loans in consolidated VIEs $ (1,568) — $ (2,208) — Total Loans, net, in consolidated VIEs $ 1,502,710 $ 1,505,766 $ 1,220,974 $ 1,245,361 Total Loans, net, and Loans, net in consolidated VIEs $ 2,559,733 $ 2,624,045 $ 2,414,366 $ 2,475,943 Loans, held for sale, at fair value Originated Residential Agency loans $ 93,840 $ 90,435 $ 67,775 $ 65,586 Originated Freddie Mac loans 5,243 5,155 23,322 22,973 Originated SBA 7(a) loans 13,768 12,856 21,153 19,669 Acquired loans 2,927 2,828 3,008 2,935 Total Loans, held for sale, at fair value $ 115,778 $ 111,274 $ 115,258 $ 111,163 Total Loan portfolio $ 2,675,511 $ 2,735,319 $ 2,529,624 $ 2,587,106 Credit Quality Indicators The Company monitors credit quality of our loan portfolio based on primary credit quality indicators. Delinquency rates are a primary credit quality indicator for our types of loans. Loans that are more than 30 days past due provide an early warning of borrowers who may be experiencing financial difficulties and/or who may be unable or unwilling to repay the loan. As the loan continues to age, it becomes clearer that the borrower is likely either unable or unwilling to pay. The following tables display delinquency information on loans, net as of the consolidated balance sheet dates: March 31, 2019 Loans (In Thousands) Current and 30-89 Days 90+ Days Total Loans Carrying Value Non-Accrual 90+ Days Past Due but Accruing Loans (1)(2) Acquired SBA 7(a) loans $ 103,674 $ 8,046 $ 4,301 $ 116,021 $ 12,474 $ 1,323 Acquired loans 620,000 2,504 14,170 636,674 14,415 1,501 Acquired Transitional loans 106,254 1,627 22,568 130,449 22,568 — Originated Transitional loans 705,139 26,688 — 731,827 — — Originated SBC loans, at fair value 22,595 — — 22,595 — — Originated SBC loans 812,707 4,253 12,505 829,465 15,549 — Originated SBA 7(a) loans 90,399 912 273 91,584 2,448 159 Originated Residential Agency loans 684 — 2,134 2,818 2,134 — Total Loans, before general allowance for loans losses $ 2,461,452 $ 44,030 $ 55,951 $ 2,561,433 $ 69,588 $ 2,983 General allowance for loan losses $ (1,700) Total Loans, net $ 2,559,733 Percentage of outstanding (1) Loan balances include specific allowance for loan losses. (2) Includes Loans, net in consolidated VIEs December 31, 2018 Loans (In Thousands) Current and 30-89 Days 90+ Days Total Loans Carrying Value Non-Accrual 90+ Days Past Due but Accruing Loans (1)(2) Acquired SBA 7(a) loans $ 299,080 $ 14,943 $ 4,465 $ 318,488 $ 17,916 $ 1,043 Acquired loans 524,930 7,213 13,552 545,695 11,447 3,811 Originated Transitional loans 659,103 5,630 — 664,733 — — Originated SBC loans, at fair value 22,664 — — 22,664 — — Originated SBC loans 748,146 12,367 16,895 777,408 16,895 — Originated SBA 7(a) loans 83,076 2,178 162 85,416 1,666 — Originated Residential Agency loans 337 — 1,562 1,899 1,562 — Total Loans, before allowance for loans losses $ 2,337,336 $ 42,331 $ 36,636 $ 2,416,303 $ 49,486 $ 4,854 General allowance for loan losses $ (1,937) Total Loans, net $ 2,414,366 Percentage of outstanding (1) Loan balances include specific allowance for loan losses. (2) Includes Loans, net in consolidated VIEs In addition to delinquency rates, the current estimated LTV ratio is another indicator that can provide insight into a borrower’s continued willingness to pay, as the delinquency rate of high LTV loans tends to be greater than that for loans where the borrower has equity in the collateral. The geographic distribution of the loan collateral also provides insight as to the credit quality of the portfolio, as factors such as the regional economy, property price changes and specific events such as natural disasters, will affect credit quality. The Company monitors the loan-to-value ratio and associated risks on a monthly basis. The following tables presents quantitative information on the credit quality of loans, net as of the consolidated balance sheet dates: Loan-to-Value (a) (In Thousands) 0.0 – 20.0% 20.1 – 40.0% 40.1 – 60.0% 60.1 – 80.0% 80.1 – 100.0% Greater than 100.0% Total March 31, 2019 Loans (1) (2) Acquired SBA 7(a) loans $ 38,560 $ 8,084 $ 13,484 $ 19,258 $ 12,740 $ 23,895 $ 116,021 Acquired loans 101,242 182,122 150,382 78,697 102,814 21,417 636,674 Acquired Transitional loans 3,598 12,053 50,074 50,805 8,428 5,491 130,449 Originated Transitional loans 101 23,597 169,275 434,435 103,720 699 731,827 Originated SBC loans, at fair value — 8,555 — 6,330 7,710 — 22,595 Originated SBC loans — 53,064 330,728 445,673 — — 829,465 Originated SBA 7(a) loans 279 4,087 11,652 31,949 12,482 31,135 91,584 Originated Residential Agency loans — — 111 1,096 1,192 419 2,818 Total Loans, before general allowance for loans losses $ 143,780 $ 291,562 $ 725,706 $ 1,068,243 $ 249,086 $ 83,056 $ 2,561,433 General allowance for loan losses $ (1,700) Total Loans, net $ 2,559,733 December 31, 2018 Loans (1) (2) Acquired SBA 7(a) loans $ 6,337 $ 38,150 $ 100,578 $ 93,411 $ 33,750 $ 46,262 $ 318,488 Acquired loans 118,198 165,567 136,206 70,017 40,003 15,704 545,695 Originated Transitional loans — 29,245 178,861 348,967 101,513 6,147 664,733 Originated SBC loans, at fair value — 8,600 — 6,328 7,736 — 22,664 Originated SBC loans — 48,259 271,311 457,838 — — 777,408 Originated SBA 7(a) loans 393 3,200 10,642 24,387 16,473 30,321 85,416 Originated Residential Agency loans — — 111 952 734 102 1,899 Total Loans, before allowance for loans losses $ 124,928 $ 293,021 $ 697,709 $ 1,001,900 $ 200,209 $ 98,536 $ 2,416,303 General allowance for loan losses $ (1,937) Total Loans, net $ 2,414,366 (a) Loan-to-value is calculated as carrying amount as a percentage of current collateral value (1) Loan balances include specific allowance for loan loss reserves. (2) Includes Loans, net in consolidated VIEs As of March 31, 2019 and December 31, 2018, the Company’s total carrying amount of loans in the foreclosure process was $1.6 million and $1.4 million, respectively. The following table displays the geographic concentration of the Company’s loans, net, secured by real estate recorded on our unaudited interim consolidated balance sheets. Geographic Concentration (Unpaid Principal Balance) March 31, 2019 December 31, 2018 California 18.4 % 14.1 % Texas 13.7 11.3 Florida 8.9 10.8 New York 5.2 6.3 Georgia 5.2 5.3 Arizona 4.4 5.0 Illinois 4.1 3.8 Pennsylvania 3.5 3.8 North Carolina 3.3 3.7 Washington 2.8 2.8 Other 30.5 33.1 Total 100.0 % 100.0 % The following table displays the collateral type concentration of the Company’s loans, net, on our unaudited interim consolidated balance sheets. Collateral Concentration (Unpaid Principal Balance) March 31, 2019 December 31, 2018 Multi-family 30.0 % 23.3 % Retail 20.8 18.5 Office 15.0 15.1 SBA (1) 9.5 18.1 Mixed Use 9.1 9.6 Industrial 7.1 8.2 Lodging/Residential 2.3 2.4 Other 6.2 4.8 Total 100.0 % 100.0 % (1) Further detail provided on SBA collateral concentration is included in table below. The following table displays the collateral type concentration of the Company’s SBA loans within loans, net, on our unaudited interim consolidated balance sheets. Collateral Concentration (Unpaid Principal Balance) March 31, 2019 December 31, 2018 Offices of Physicians 14.4 % 17.7 % Child Day Care Services 9.5 9.9 Eating Places 7.2 5.4 Hotels, Motels & Tourist Courts 6.7 3.8 Lodging 6.5 10.1 Veterinarians 5.5 6.8 Gasoline Service Stations 3.1 2.3 Funeral Service & Crematories 2.9 2.3 Grocery Stores 2.7 3.8 Auto 1.9 2.7 Other 39.6 35.2 Total 100.0 % 100.0 % Allowance for Loan Losses The allowance for loan losses represents the Company’s estimate of probable credit losses inherent in the Company’s held-for-investment loan portfolio. This is assessed by considering credit quality indicators, including probable and historical losses, collateral values, loan-to-value (“LTV”) ratios, and economic conditions. The allowance for loan losses includes an asset-specific component, a general formula-based component, and a component related to PCI loans. The following tables detail the allowance for loan losses by loan product and impairment methodology as of the unaudited interim consolidated balance sheet dates: March 31, 2019 (In Thousands) Originated Originated Transitional loans Acquired Acquired Originated Total Allowance for General $ - $ 222 $ 625 $ 419 $ 434 $ 1,700 Specific - - 1,102 990 306 2,398 PCI - - 3,314 865 - 4,179 Ending balance $ - $ 222 $ 5,041 $ 2,274 $ 740 $ 8,277 December 31, 2018 (In Thousands) Originated Originated Transitional loans Acquired Acquired Originated Total Allowance for General $ 11 $ 353 $ 608 $ 532 $ 433 $ 1,937 Specific - - 1,012 823 153 1,988 PCI - - 3,432 963 - 4,395 Ending balance $ 11 $ 353 $ 5,052 $ 2,318 $ 586 $ 8,320 The following tables detail the activity of the allowance for loan losses for loans: Three Months Ended March 31, 2019 (In Thousands) Originated Originated Transitional loans Acquired Acquired Originated Total Allowance for Beginning balance $ 11 $ 353 $ 5,052 $ 2,318 $ 586 $ 8,320 Provision for (Recoveries of) loan losses (11) (131) 235 271 154 518 Charge-offs and sales - - - (329) - (329) Recoveries - - (246) 14 - (232) Ending balance $ - $ 222 $ 5,041 $ 2,274 $ 740 $ 8,277 Three Months Ended March 31, 2018 (In Thousands) Originated Originated Transitional loans Acquired Acquired Originated Total Allowance for Beginning balance $ 637 $ - $ 7,264 $ 3,527 $ 318 $ 11,746 Provision for (Recoveries of) loan losses (241) 338 139 (185) 116 167 Charge-offs and sales (169) - (224) (449) - (842) Recoveries - - (635) 97 - (538) Ending balance $ 227 $ 338 $ 6,544 $ 2,990 $ 434 $ 10,533 Impaired Loans- Non-PCI loans The Company considers a loan to be impaired when the Company does not expect to collect all the contractual and principal payments as scheduled in the loan agreements. Impaired loans include loans that have been modified in a TDR or loans that are placed on non-accrual status. All impaired loans are evaluated for an asset-specific allowance as described in Note 3. (In Thousands) March 31, 2019 December 31, 2018 Impaired loans With an allowance $ 8,396 $ 9,734 Without an allowance 53,336 33,082 Total recorded carrying value of impaired loans $ 61,732 $ 42,816 Allowance for loan losses related to impaired loans $ (2,398) $ (1,989) Unpaid principal balance of impaired loans $ 71,302 $ 49,128 Impaired loans on non-accrual status $ 61,732 $ 42,816 Average carrying value of impaired loans $ 52,275 $ 36,675 March 31, 2019 December 31, 2018 Interest income on impaired loans for the year ended $ 12 $ 966 Troubled Debt Restructurings If the borrower is determined to be in financial difficulty, then the Company will determine whether a financial concession has been granted to the borrower by analyzing the value of the loan as compared to the recorded investment, modifications of the interest rate as compared to market rates, modification of the stated maturity date, modification of the timing of principal and interest payments and the partial forgiveness of the loan. Modified loans that are classified as TDRs are individually evaluated and measured for impairment. The following table summarizes the recorded investment of TDRs on the unaudited interim consolidated balance sheet dates by loan type. March 31, 2019 December 31, 2018 (In Thousands) SBC SBA Total SBC SBA Total Recorded carrying value modified loans classified as TDRs $ 5,224 $ 9,362 $ 14,586 $ 1,825 $ 17,344 $ 19,169 Allowance for loan losses on loans classified as TDRs $ 400 $ 286 $ 686 $ 321 $ 278 $ 599 Carrying value of modified loans classified as TDRs Carrying value of modified loans classified as TDRs on accrual status $ 1,401 $ 4,776 $ 6,177 $ 1,696 $ 7,375 $ 9,071 Carrying value of modified loans classified as TDRs on non-accrual status 3,823 4,586 8,409 129 9,969 10,098 Total carrying value of modified loans classified as TDRs $ 5,224 $ 9,362 $ 14,586 $ 1,825 $ 17,344 $ 19,169 The following table summarizes the TDR activity that occurred during the three months ended March 31, 2019 and 2018 and the financial effects of these modifications. Three Months Ended March 31, 2019 Three Months Ended March 31, 2018 (In Thousands, except number of loans) SBC SBA Total SBC SBA Total Number of loans permanently modified 1 9 10 - 11 11 Pre-modification recorded balance (a) $ 103 $ 1,265 $ 1,368 $ - $ 1,120 $ 1,120 Post-modification recorded balance (a) 103 1,250 1,353 - 1,223 1,223 Number of loans that remain in default as of March 31, 2019 (b) 1 1 2 - 4 4 Balance of loans that remain in default as of March 31, 2019 (b) $ 103 $ 55 $ 158 $ - $ 239 $ 239 Concession granted (a) : Term extension $ - $ 1,187 $ 1,187 $ - $ 1,135 $ 1,135 Interest rate reduction 103 - 103 - - - Principal reduction - - - - - - Foreclosure - 55 55 - 64 64 Total $ 103 $ 1,242 $ 1,345 $ - $ 1,199 $ 1,199 (a) Represents carrying value. (b) Represents the March 31, 2019 carrying values of the TDRs that occurred during the three months ended March 31, 2019 and 2018 that remained in default as of March 31, 2019. Generally, all loans modified in a TDR are placed or remain on non-accrual status at the time of the restructuring. However, certain accruing loans modified in a TDR that are current at the time of restructuring may remain on accrual status if payment in full under the restructured terms is expected. For purposes of this schedule, a loan is considered in default if it is 30 or more days past due. The Company does not believe the financial impact of the presented TDRs to be material. The other elements of the Company’s modification programs do not have a significant impact on financial results given their relative size, or do not have a direct financial impact as in the case of covenant changes. Loans, held-for-investment are accounted for under ASC 310-10 or ASC 310-30 depending on whether there is evidence of credit deterioration at the time of acquisition. The outstanding carrying amount of our held-for-investment loan portfolio broken down by ASC 310-10 (non-PCI loans) and ASC 310-30 (PCI loans) is as follows: March 31, 2019 December 31, 2018 Non-PCI PCI Non-PCI PCI (In Thousands) Loans Loans Loans Loans Unpaid principal balance $ 2,512,982 $ 88,766 $ 2,361,155 $ 92,463 Non-accretable discount — (7,052) — (6,040) Accretable discount (35,189) (14,092) (31,533) (16,023) Loans, held-for-investment 2,477,793 67,622 2,329,622 70,400 Allowance for loan losses (4,098) (4,179) (3,925) (4,395) Loans, held-for-investment $ 2,473,695 $ 63,443 $ 2,325,697 $ 66,005 PCI Loans The following table details the activity of the accretable yield on PCI loans, held-for investment. The amount of accretable yield is affected by changes in credit outlooks, including metrics such as default and loss severities, prepayment speeds, which can change the amount and period of time over which interest payments are expected to be received, and the interest rates on variable loans. Three Months Ended March 31, (In Thousands) 2019 2018 Beginning accretable discount- PCI loans $ $ Purchases/Originations Sales Accretion Other Transfers Ending accretable discount- PCI loans $ $ |