Loans and Allowance for Loan Losses | Note 6 – Loans and Allowance for Loan Losses The accounting for a loan depends on management’s strategy for the loan, and on whether the loan was credit-impaired at the date of acquisition. The Company accounts for loans based on the following loan program categories: · Originated or purchased loans held-for-investment, other than PCI loans – originated transitional loans, originated conventional SBC and SBA loans that have been securitized, or acquired loans with no signs of credit deterioration at time of purchase. · Loans at fair value – certain originated conventional SBC loans for which the Company has elected the fair value option · Loans, held-for-sale, at fair value – originated or acquired that we intend to sell in the near term · PCI loans held-for-investment – acquired loans with signs of credit deterioration at time of purchase Loan Portfolio The following table summarizes the classification, unpaid principal balance (“UPB”), and carrying value of loans held by the Company including loans of consolidated VIEs: June 30, 2019 December 31, 2018 Loans (In Thousands) Carrying Value UPB Carrying Value UPB Loans Acquired SBA 7(a) loans $ 116,151 $ 149,922 $ 264,308 $ 283,423 Acquired loans 192,007 198,793 206,983 215,213 Acquired Transitional loans 96,391 97,770 — — Originated Transitional loans 193,219 195,043 272,981 275,237 Originated SBC loans, at fair value 20,409 20,078 22,664 22,325 Originated SBC loans 285,950 284,147 345,100 342,751 Originated SBA 7(a) loans 101,977 107,204 85,569 89,733 Originated Residential Agency loans 3,422 3,422 1,899 1,900 Total Loans, before allowance for loan losses $ 1,009,526 $ 1,056,379 $ 1,199,504 $ 1,230,582 Allowance for loan losses $ (6,850) — $ (6,112) — Total Loans, net $ 1,002,676 $ 1,056,379 $ 1,193,392 $ 1,230,582 Loans in consolidated VIEs Loans Originated SBC loans $ 689,233 $ 680,026 $ 432,308 $ 422,897 Acquired loans 765,771 772,841 343,156 354,794 Acquired SBA 7(a) loans — — 55,966 74,554 Originated Transitional loans 604,267 607,667 391,752 393,116 Total Loans, in consolidated VIEs, before allowance for loan losses $ 2,059,271 $ 2,060,534 $ 1,223,182 $ 1,245,361 Allowance for loan losses on loans in consolidated VIEs $ (1,964) — $ (2,208) — Total Loans, net, in consolidated VIEs $ 2,057,307 $ 2,060,534 $ 1,220,974 $ 1,245,361 Total Loans, net, and Loans, net in consolidated VIEs $ 3,059,983 $ 3,116,913 $ 2,414,366 $ 2,475,943 Loans, held for sale, at fair value Originated Residential Agency loans $ 125,550 $ 120,923 $ 67,775 $ 65,586 Originated Freddie Mac loans 35,684 35,037 23,322 22,973 Originated SBA 7(a) loans 12,008 11,132 21,153 19,669 Acquired loans 2,790 2,665 3,008 2,935 Acquired SBA 7(a) loans 1,475 1,367 — — Total Loans, held for sale, at fair value $ 177,507 $ 171,124 $ 115,258 $ 111,163 Total Loan portfolio $ 3,237,490 $ 3,288,037 $ 2,529,624 $ 2,587,106 Credit Quality Indicators The Company monitors credit quality of our loan portfolio based on primary credit quality indicators. Delinquency rates are a primary credit quality indicator for our types of loans. Loans that are more than 30 days past due provide an early warning of borrowers who may be experiencing financial difficulties and/or who may be unable or unwilling to repay the loan. As the loan continues to age, it becomes clearer that the borrower is likely either unable or unwilling to pay. The following tables display delinquency information on loans, net as of the consolidated balance sheet dates: June 30, 2019 Loans (In Thousands) Current and 30-89 Days 90+ Days Total Loans Carrying Value Non-Accrual 90+ Days Past Due but Accruing Loans (1)(2) Acquired SBA 7(a) loans $ 106,326 $ 1,131 $ 6,903 $ 114,360 $ 11,542 $ 2,063 Acquired loans 936,985 5,990 10,516 953,491 10,208 2,940 Acquired Transitional loans 89,332 3,141 3,918 96,391 8,326 — Originated Transitional loans 778,730 18,756 — 797,486 13,114 — Originated SBC loans, at fair value 20,409 — — 20,409 — — Originated SBC loans 944,900 11,537 18,352 974,789 21,770 — Originated SBA 7(a) loans 101,246 377 205 101,828 2,177 157 Originated Residential Agency loans 1,192 — 2,230 3,422 2,230 — Total Loans, before general allowance for loans losses $ 2,979,120 $ 40,932 $ 42,124 $ 3,062,176 $ 69,367 $ 5,160 General allowance for loan losses $ (2,193) Total Loans, net $ 3,059,983 Percentage of outstanding (1) Loan balances include specific allowance for loan losses. (2) Includes Loans, net in consolidated VIEs December 31, 2018 Loans (In Thousands) Current and 30-89 Days 90+ Days Total Loans Carrying Value Non-Accrual 90+ Days Past Due but Accruing Loans (1)(2) Acquired SBA 7(a) loans $ 299,080 $ 14,943 $ 4,465 $ 318,488 $ 17,916 $ 1,043 Acquired loans 524,930 7,213 13,552 545,695 11,447 3,811 Originated Transitional loans 659,103 5,630 — 664,733 — — Originated SBC loans, at fair value 22,664 — — 22,664 — — Originated SBC loans 748,146 12,367 16,895 777,408 16,895 — Originated SBA 7(a) loans 83,076 2,178 162 85,416 1,666 — Originated Residential Agency loans 337 — 1,562 1,899 1,562 — Total Loans, before allowance for loans losses $ 2,337,336 $ 42,331 $ 36,636 $ 2,416,303 $ 49,486 $ 4,854 General allowance for loan losses $ (1,937) Total Loans, net $ 2,414,366 Percentage of outstanding (1) Loan balances include specific allowance for loan losses. (2) Includes Loans, net in consolidated VIEs In addition to delinquency rates, the current estimated LTV ratio is another indicator that can provide insight into a borrower’s continued willingness to pay, as the delinquency rate of high LTV loans tends to be greater than that for loans where the borrower has equity in the collateral. The geographic distribution of the loan collateral also provides insight as to the credit quality of the portfolio, as factors such as the regional economy, property price changes and specific events such as natural disasters, will affect credit quality. The Company monitors the loan-to-value ratio and associated risks on a monthly basis. The following tables presents quantitative information on the credit quality of loans, net as of the consolidated balance sheet dates: Loan-to-Value (a) (In Thousands) 0.0 – 20.0% 20.1 – 40.0% 40.1 – 60.0% 60.1 – 80.0% 80.1 – 100.0% Greater than 100.0% Total June 30, 2019 Loans (1) (2) Acquired SBA 7(a) loans $ 3,548 $ 18,179 $ 28,099 $ 26,379 $ 17,765 $ 20,390 $ 114,360 Acquired loans 206,954 296,396 215,613 109,508 98,739 26,281 953,491 Acquired Transitional loans 3,585 12,373 36,930 36,726 6,777 — 96,391 Originated Transitional loans — 29,450 153,126 557,343 57,434 133 797,486 Originated SBC loans, at fair value — 8,566 — 6,410 5,433 — 20,409 Originated SBC loans — 49,038 409,055 492,545 18,118 6,033 974,789 Originated SBA 7(a) loans 147 4,924 13,437 34,789 14,798 33,733 101,828 Originated Residential Agency loans — — 111 1,410 1,484 417 3,422 Total Loans, before general allowance for loans losses $ 214,234 $ 418,926 $ 856,371 $ 1,265,110 $ 220,548 $ 86,987 $ 3,062,176 General allowance for loan losses $ (2,193) Total Loans, net $ 3,059,983 Percentage of outstanding 7.0 % 13.7 % 28.0 % 41.3 % 7.2 % 2.8 % December 31, 2018 Loans (1) (2) Acquired SBA 7(a) loans $ 6,337 $ 38,150 $ 100,578 $ 93,411 $ 33,750 $ 46,262 $ 318,488 Acquired loans 118,198 165,567 136,206 70,017 40,003 15,704 545,695 Originated Transitional loans — 29,245 178,861 348,967 101,513 6,147 664,733 Originated SBC loans, at fair value — 8,600 — 6,328 7,736 — 22,664 Originated SBC loans — 48,259 271,311 457,838 — — 777,408 Originated SBA 7(a) loans 393 3,200 10,642 24,387 16,473 30,321 85,416 Originated Residential Agency loans — — 111 952 734 102 1,899 Total Loans, before allowance for loans losses $ 124,928 $ 293,021 $ 697,709 $ 1,001,900 $ 200,209 $ 98,536 $ 2,416,303 General allowance for loan losses $ (1,937) Total Loans, net $ 2,414,366 Percentage of outstanding 5.2 % 12.1 % 28.9 % 41.5 % 8.3 % 4.0 % (a) Loan-to-value is calculated as carrying amount as a percentage of current collateral value (1) Loan balances include specific allowance for loan loss reserves. (2) Includes Loans, net in consolidated VIEs As of June 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018, the Company’s total carrying amount of loans in the foreclosure process was $1.9 million and $1.4 million, respectively. The following table displays the geographic concentration of the Company’s loans, net, secured by real estate recorded on our unaudited interim consolidated balance sheets. Geographic Concentration (Unpaid Principal Balance) June 30, 2019 December 31, 2018 California 18.9 % 14.1 % Texas 13.1 11.3 Florida 8.8 10.8 New York 8.6 6.3 Illinois 4.8 3.8 Georgia 4.7 5.3 Arizona 3.9 5.0 North Carolina 3.1 3.7 Pennsylvania 2.5 3.8 Washington 2.5 2.8 Other 29.1 33.1 Total 100.0 % 100.0 % The following table displays the collateral type concentration of the Company’s loans, net, on our unaudited interim consolidated balance sheets. Collateral Concentration (Unpaid Principal Balance) June 30, 2019 December 31, 2018 Multi-family 29.0 % 23.3 % Retail 20.6 18.5 Office 14.1 15.1 Mixed Use 12.4 9.6 SBA (1) 8.3 18.1 Industrial 7.3 8.2 Lodging/Residential 2.9 2.4 Other 5.4 4.8 Total 100.0 % 100.0 % (1) Further detail provided on SBA collateral concentration is included in table below. The following table displays the collateral type concentration of the Company’s SBA loans within loans, net, on our unaudited interim consolidated balance sheets. Collateral Concentration (Unpaid Principal Balance) June 30, 2019 December 31, 2018 Offices of Physicians 13.6 % 17.7 % Child Day Care Services 9.6 9.9 Hotels, Motels & Tourist Courts 7.9 3.8 Eating Places 7.2 5.4 Lodging 6.1 10.1 Veterinarians 5.0 6.8 Gasoline Service Stations 3.8 2.3 Funeral Service & Crematories 3.1 2.3 Grocery Stores 2.5 3.8 Auto 2.0 2.7 Other 39.2 35.2 Total 100.0 % 100.0 % Allowance for Loan Losses The allowance for loan losses represents the Company’s estimate of probable credit losses inherent in the Company’s held-for-investment loan portfolio. This is assessed by considering credit quality indicators, including probable and historical losses, collateral values, loan-to-value (“LTV”) ratios, and economic conditions. The allowance for loan losses includes an asset-specific component, a general formula-based component, and a component related to PCI loans. The following tables detail the allowance for loan losses by loan product and impairment methodology as of the unaudited interim consolidated balance sheet dates: June 30, 2019 (In Thousands) Originated Originated Transitional loans Acquired Acquired Originated Acquired Transitional loans Total Allowance for General $ 25 $ 367 $ 784 $ 406 $ 545 $ 66 $ 2,193 Specific 396 - 1,162 938 149 - 2,645 PCI - - 3,126 850 - - 3,976 Ending balance $ 421 $ 367 $ 5,072 $ 2,194 $ 694 $ 66 $ 8,814 December 31, 2018 (In Thousands) Originated Originated Transitional loans Acquired Acquired Originated Acquired Transitional loans Total Allowance for General $ 11 $ 353 $ 608 $ 532 $ 433 $ - $ 1,937 Specific - - 1,012 823 153 - 1,988 PCI - - 3,432 963 - - 4,395 Ending balance $ 11 $ 353 $ 5,052 $ 2,318 $ 586 $ - $ 8,320 The following tables detail the activity of the allowance for loan losses for loans, held-for-investment: Three Months Ended June 30, 2019 (In Thousands) Originated Originated Transitional loans Acquired Acquired Originated Acquired Transitional loans Total Allowance for Beginning balance $ - $ 222 $ 5,041 $ 2,274 $ 740 $ - $ 8,277 Provision for (Recoveries of) loan losses 421 145 161 601 (46) 66 1,348 Charge-offs and sales - - - (630) - - (630) Recoveries - - (130) (51) - - (181) Ending balance $ 421 $ 367 $ 5,072 $ 2,194 $ 694 $ 66 $ 8,814 Three Months Ended June 30, 2018 (In Thousands) Originated Originated Transitional loans Acquired Acquired Originated Acquired Transitional loans Total Allowance for Beginning balance $ 227 $ 338 $ 6,544 $ 2,990 $ 434 $ - $ 10,533 Provision for (Recoveries of) loan losses (129) (115) 90 (353) 110 - (397) Charge-offs and sales (60) (73) - (133) Recoveries - (407) 70 - (337) Ending balance $ 98 $ 223 $ 6,167 $ 2,634 $ 544 $ - $ 9,666 Six Months Ended June 30, 2019 (In Thousands) Originated Originated Transitional loans Acquired Acquired Originated Acquired Transitional loans Total Allowance for Beginning balance $ 11 $ 353 $ 5,052 $ 2,318 $ 586 $ 8,320 Provision for (Recoveries of) loan losses 410 14 495 773 108 66 1,866 Charge-offs and sales - - - (962) - (962) Recoveries - - (475) 65 - (410) Ending balance $ 421 $ 367 $ 5,072 $ 2,194 $ 694 $ 66 $ 8,814 Six Months Ended June 30, 2018 (In Thousands) Originated Originated Transitional loans Acquired Acquired Originated Acquired Transitional loans Total Allowance for Beginning balance $ 637 $ - $ 7,264 $ 3,527 $ 318 $ - $ 11,746 Provision for loan losses (370) 223 230 (538) 226 - (229) Charge-offs and sales (169) - (284) (522) - - (975) Recoveries - - (1,043) 167 - - (876) Ending balance $ 98 $ 223 $ 6,167 $ 2,634 $ 544 $ - $ 9,666 Impaired Loans- Non-PCI loans The Company considers a loan to be impaired when the Company does not expect to collect all the contractual and principal payments as scheduled in the loan agreements. Impaired loans include loans that have been modified in a TDR or loans that are placed on non-accrual status. All impaired loans are evaluated for an asset-specific allowance as described in Note 3. (In Thousands) June 30, 2019 December 31, 2018 Impaired loans With an allowance $ 21,251 $ 9,734 Without an allowance 40,383 33,082 Total recorded carrying value of impaired loans $ 61,634 $ 42,816 Allowance for loan losses related to impaired loans $ (2,738) $ (1,989) Unpaid principal balance of impaired loans $ 68,796 $ 49,128 Impaired loans on non-accrual status $ 61,634 $ 42,816 Average carrying value of impaired loans $ 65,455 $ 36,675 June 30, 2019 June 30, 2018 Interest income on impaired loans for the three months ended $ 328 $ 20 Interest income on impaired loans for the six months ended $ 934 $ 22 Troubled Debt Restructurings If the borrower is determined to be in financial difficulty, then the Company will determine whether a financial concession has been granted to the borrower by analyzing the value of the loan as compared to the recorded investment, modifications of the interest rate as compared to market rates, modification of the stated maturity date, modification of the timing of principal and interest payments and the partial forgiveness of the loan. Modified loans that are classified as TDRs are individually evaluated and measured for impairment. The following table summarizes the recorded investment of TDRs on the unaudited interim consolidated balance sheet dates by loan type. June 30, 2019 December 31, 2018 (In Thousands) SBC SBA Total SBC SBA Total Recorded carrying value modified loans classified as TDRs $ 5,113 $ 9,434 $ 14,547 $ 1,825 $ 17,344 $ 19,169 Allowance for loan losses on loans classified as TDRs $ 256 $ 273 $ 529 $ 321 $ 278 $ 599 Carrying value of modified loans classified as TDRs Carrying value of modified loans classified as TDRs on accrual status $ 1,669 $ 2,691 $ 4,360 $ 1,696 $ 7,375 $ 9,071 Carrying value of modified loans classified as TDRs on non-accrual status 3,444 6,743 10,187 129 9,969 10,098 Total carrying value of modified loans classified as TDRs $ 5,113 $ 9,434 $ 14,547 $ 1,825 $ 17,344 $ 19,169 The following table summarizes the TDR activity that occurred during the three and six months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018 and the financial effects of these modifications. Three Months Ended June 30, 2019 Three Months Ended June 30, 2018 (In Thousands, except number of loans) SBC SBA Total SBC SBA Total Number of loans permanently modified - 5 5 - 11 11 Pre-modification recorded balance (a) $ - $ 193 $ 193 $ - $ 918 $ 918 Post-modification recorded balance (a) - 180 180 - 917 917 Number of loans that remain in default as of June 30, 2019 (b) - - - - - - Balance of loans that remain in default as of June 30, 2019 (b) $ - $ - $ - $ - $ - $ - Concession granted (a) : Term extension $ - $ 184 $ 184 $ - $ 865 $ 865 Interest rate reduction - - - - - - Principal reduction - - - - - - Foreclosure - - - - 23 23 Total $ - $ 184 $ 184 $ - $ 888 $ 888 (a) Represents carrying value. (b) Represents the June 30, 2019 carrying values of the TDRs that occurred during the three months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018 that remained in default as of June 30, 2019. Generally, all loans modified in a TDR are placed or remain on non-accrual status at the time of the restructuring. However, certain accruing loans modified in a TDR that are current at the time of restructuring may remain on accrual status if payment in full under the restructured terms is expected. For purposes of this schedule, a loan is considered in default if it is 30 or more days past due. Six Months Ended June 30, 2019 Six Months Ended June 30, 2018 (In Thousands, except number of loans) SBC SBA Total SBC SBA Total Number of loans permanently modified 1 14 15 - 22 22 Pre-modification recorded balance (a) $ 103 $ 1,872 $ 1,975 $ - $ 2,038 $ 2,038 Post-modification recorded balance (a) 103 1,829 1,932 - 2,140 2,140 Number of loans that remain in default as of June 30, 2019 (b) 1 5 6 - 1 1 Balance of loans that remain in default as of June 30, 2019 (b) $ 105 $ 299 $ 404 $ - $ - $ - Concession granted (a) : Term extension $ - $ 1,411 $ 1,411 $ - $ 2,000 $ 2,000 Interest rate reduction - - - - - - Principal reduction - - - - - - Foreclosure 105 217 322 - 87 87 Total $ 105 $ 1,628 $ 1,733 $ - $ 2,087 $ 2,087 (a) Represents carrying value. (b) Represents the June 30, 2019 carrying values of the TDRs that occurred during the year ended June 30, 2019 and 2018 that remained in default as of June 30, 2019. Generally, all loans modified in a TDR are placed or remain on non-accrual status at the time of the restructuring. However, certain accruing loans modified in a TDR that are current at the time of restructuring may remain on accrual status if payment in full under the restructured terms is expected. For purposes of this schedule, a loan is considered in default if it is 30 or more days past due. The Company does not believe the financial impact of the presented TDRs to be material. The other elements of the Company’s modification programs do not have a significant impact on financial results given their relative size, or do not have a direct financial impact as in the case of covenant changes. Loans, held-for-investment are accounted for under ASC 310-10 or ASC 310-30 depending on whether there is evidence of credit deterioration at the time of acquisition. The outstanding carrying amount of our held-for-investment loan portfolio broken down by ASC 310-10 (non-PCI loans) and ASC 310-30 (PCI loans) is as follows: June 30, 2019 December 31, 2018 Non-PCI PCI Non-PCI PCI (In Thousands) Loans Loans Loans Loans Unpaid principal balance $ 3,014,416 $ 82,419 $ 2,361,155 $ 92,463 Non-accretable discount — (6,908) — (6,040) Accretable discount (29,363) (12,176) (31,533) (16,023) Loans, held-for-investment 2,985,053 63,335 2,329,622 70,400 Allowance for loan losses (4,839) (3,975) (3,925) (4,395) Loans, held-for-investment $ 2,980,214 $ 59,360 $ 2,325,697 $ 66,005 PCI Loans The following table details the activity of the accretable yield on PCI loans, held-for investment. The amount of accretable yield is affected by changes in credit outlooks, including metrics such as default and loss severities, prepayment speeds, which can change the amount and period of time over which interest payments are expected to be received, and the interest rates on variable loans. Three Months Ended June 30, Six Months Ended June 30, (In Thousands) 2019 2018 2019 2018 Beginning accretable discount- PCI loans $ $ $ 16,023 $ 23,749 Purchases/Originations — 514 Sales (1,275) (1,494) Accretion (1,986) (2,975) Other 177 344 Transfers (763) (653) Ending accretable discount- PCI loans $ 12,176 $ $ 12,176 $ 19,485 |