Loans and Allowance for Loan Losses | Note 6. Loans and allowance for credit losses The accounting for a loan depends on management’s strategy for the loan, and on whether the loan was credit-deteriorated at the date of acquisition. The Company accounts for loans based on the following loan program categories: ● Originated or purchased loans held-for-investment– originated transitional loans, originated conventional SBC and SBA loans, or acquired loans with no signs of credit deterioration at time of purchase ● Loans at fair value – certain originated conventional SBC loans and PPP loans for which the Company has elected the fair value option ● Loans, held-for-sale, at fair value – originated or acquired that we intend to sell in the near term Loan portfolio The following table summarizes the classification, unpaid principal balance (“UPB”), and carrying value of loans held by the Company including loans of consolidated VIEs: December 31, 2020 December 31, 2019 (In Thousands) Carrying Value UPB Carrying Value UPB Loans Originated Transitional loans $ 530,671 $ 535,963 $ 593,657 $ 600,226 Originated SBA 7(a) loans 310,537 314,938 297,934 299,580 Acquired SBA 7(a) loans 201,066 210,115 255,240 269,396 Originated SBC loans 173,190 167,470 133,118 132,227 Acquired loans 351,381 352,546 430,307 433,079 Originated PPP loans, at fair value 74,931 74,931 — — Originated SBC loans, at fair value 13,795 14,088 20,212 19,565 Originated Residential Agency loans 3,208 3,208 3,396 3,395 Total Loans, before allowance for loan losses $ 1,658,779 $ 1,673,259 $ 1,733,864 $ 1,757,468 Allowance for loan losses $ (33,224) $ — $ (5,880) $ — Total Loans, net $ 1,625,555 $ 1,673,259 $ 1,727,984 $ 1,757,468 Loans in consolidated VIEs Originated SBC loans $ 889,566 $ 885,235 $ 1,037,844 $ 1,026,921 Originated Transitional loans 788,403 792,432 490,913 493,217 Acquired loans 697,567 701,133 666,226 671,698 Originated SBA 7(a) loans 68,625 72,451 79,457 83,559 Acquired SBA 7(a) loans 42,154 52,456 53,320 66,997 Total Loans, in consolidated VIEs, before allowance for loan losses $ 2,486,315 $ 2,503,707 $ 2,327,760 $ 2,342,392 Allowance for loan losses on loans in consolidated VIEs $ (13,508) $ — $ (1,561) $ — Total Loans, net, in consolidated VIEs $ 2,472,807 $ 2,503,707 $ 2,326,199 $ 2,342,392 Loans, held for sale, at fair value Originated Residential Agency loans $ 260,447 $ 249,852 $ 136,506 $ 132,016 Originated Freddie Mac loans 51,248 50,408 21,775 21,513 Originated SBC loans 17,850 17,850 — — Originated SBA 7(a) loans 10,232 9,436 28,551 26,669 Acquired loans 511 499 1,245 1,208 Total Loans, held for sale, at fair value $ 340,288 $ 328,045 $ 188,077 $ 181,406 Loans, held for sale, at fair value in consolidated VIEs Acquired loans $ — $ — $ 4,434 $ 4,400 Total Loans, held for sale, at fair value in consolidated VIEs $ — $ — $ 4,434 $ 4,400 Total Loan portfolio $ 4,438,650 $ 4,505,011 $ 4,246,694 $ 4,285,666 Loan vintage and credit quality indicators The Company monitors credit quality of our loan portfolio based on primary credit quality indicators. Delinquency rates are a primary credit quality indicator for our types of loans. Loans that are more than 30 days past due provide an early warning of borrowers who may be experiencing financial difficulties and/or who may be unable or unwilling to repay the loan. As the loan continues to age, it becomes clearer that the borrower is likely either unable or unwilling to pay. The following table summarizes the classification, UPB and carrying value of loans by year of origination: Carrying Value by Year of Origination (In Thousands) UPB 2020 2019 2018 2017 2016 Pre 2016 Total December 31, 2020 Loans (1) (2) Originated Transitional loans $ 1,328,395 $ 385,183 $ 583,593 $ 306,971 $ 23,783 $ 18,480 $ 1,064 $ 1,319,074 Originated SBC loans 1,052,705 66,715 486,033 237,313 110,354 43,696 112,444 1,056,555 Acquired loans 1,053,679 21,414 40,572 42,167 38,649 19,533 883,774 1,046,109 Originated SBA 7(a) loans 387,389 47,939 98,568 133,812 68,375 22,056 4,041 374,791 Acquired SBA 7(a) loans 262,571 139 19,658 14,636 283 19 204,703 239,438 Originated PPP loans, at fair value 74,931 74,931 — — — — — 74,931 Originated SBC loans, at fair value 14,088 — — — 1,598 6,442 5,755 13,795 Originated Residential Agency loans 3,208 1,571 645 705 — 88 199 3,208 Total Loans, before general allowance for loans losses $ 4,176,966 $ 597,892 $ 1,229,069 $ 735,604 $ 243,042 $ 110,314 $ 1,211,980 $ 4,127,901 General allowance for loan losses $ (29,539) Total Loans, net $ 4,098,362 (1) Loan balances include specific allowance for loan losses of $17.2 million (2) Includes Loans, net in consolidated VIEs The following table presents delinquency information on loans, net by year of origination: Carrying Value by Year of Origination (In Thousands) UPB 2020 2019 2018 2017 2016 Pre 2016 Total December 31, 2020 Loans (1) (2) Current and less than 30 days past due $ 3,979,225 $ 591,405 $ 1,221,227 $ 707,068 $ 203,331 $ 100,003 $ 1,125,100 $ 3,948,134 30 - 59 days past due 38,836 5,812 5,191 15,097 401 2 11,933 38,436 60+ days past due 158,905 675 2,651 13,439 39,310 10,309 74,947 141,331 Total Loans, before general allowance for loans losses $ 4,176,966 $ 597,892 $ 1,229,069 $ 735,604 $ 243,042 $ 110,314 $ 1,211,980 $ 4,127,901 General allowance for loan losses $ (29,539) Total Loans, net $ 4,098,362 (1) Loan balances include specific allowance for loan losses of $17.2 million (2) Includes Loans, net in consolidated VIEs The following tables present delinquency information on loans, net as of the consolidated balance sheet dates: December 31, 2020 Loans (In Thousands) Current and less than 30 days past due 30-59 days 60+ days Total Loans Carrying Value Non-Accrual 90+ days past due and Accruing Loans (1)(2) Originated Transitional loans $ 1,281,579 $ 17,713 $ 19,782 $ 1,319,074 $ 19,416 $ — Originated SBC loans 1,000,878 6,591 49,086 1,056,555 37,635 — Acquired loans 978,346 7,729 60,034 1,046,109 57,020 — Originated SBA 7(a) loans 369,416 1,741 3,634 374,791 8,668 — Acquired SBA 7(a) loans 228,651 4,008 6,779 239,438 9,001 — Originated PPP loans, at fair value 74,931 — — 74,931 — — Originated SBC loans, at fair value 13,795 — — 13,795 — — Originated Residential Agency loans 538 654 2,016 3,208 2,418 — Total Loans, before general allowance for loans losses $ 3,948,134 $ 38,436 $ 141,331 $ 4,127,901 $ 134,158 $ — General allowance for loan losses $ (29,539) Total Loans, net $ 4,098,362 Percentage of loans outstanding 95.7% 0.9% 3.4% 100% 3.3% 0.0% (1) Loan balances include specific allowance for loan losses of $17.2 million (2) Includes Loans, net in consolidated VIEs December 31, 2019 Loans (In Thousands) Current and less than 30 days past due 30-59 days 60+ days Total Loans Carrying Value Non-Accrual 90+ days past due and Accruing Loans (1)(2) Originated Transitional loans $ 1,074,955 $ 5,728 $ 5,645 $ 1,086,328 $ 24,587 $ — Originated SBC loans 1,137,140 11,769 19,990 1,168,899 16,089 — Acquired loans 1,032,259 41,830 20,194 1,094,283 23,500 3,382 Acquired SBA 7(a) loans 297,172 4,048 5,640 306,860 9,177 1,326 Originated SBC loans, at fair value 20,212 — — 20,212 — — Originated SBA 7(a) loans 370,101 2,085 4,443 376,629 8,882 — Originated Residential Agency loans 582 209 2,605 3,396 2,105 74 Total Loans, before general allowance for loans losses $ 3,932,421 $ 65,669 $ 58,517 $ 4,056,607 $ 84,340 $ 4,782 General allowance for loan losses $ (2,424) Total Loans, net $ 4,054,183 Percentage of loans outstanding 97.0% 1.6% 1.4% 100% 2.1% 0.1% (1) Loan balances include specific allowance for loan losses of $5.0 million (2) Includes Loans, net in consolidated VIEs In addition to delinquency rates, the current estimated LTV ratio is another indicator that can provide insight into a borrower’s continued willingness to pay, as the delinquency rate of high LTV loans tends to be greater than that for loans where the borrower has equity in the collateral. The geographic distribution of the loan collateral also provides insight as to the credit quality of the portfolio, as factors such as the regional economy, property price changes and specific events such as natural disasters, will affect credit quality. The collateral concentration of the loan portfolio also provides insight as to the credit quality of the portfolio, as certain economic factors or events may have a more pronounced impact on certain sectors or property types. The Company monitors the loan-to-value ratio and associated risks on a monthly basis. The following table presents quantitative information on the credit quality of loans, net as of the consolidated balance sheet dates: Loan-to-Value (1) (In Thousands) 0.0 – 20.0% 20.1 – 40.0% 40.1 – 60.0% 60.1 – 80.0% 80.1 – 100.0% Greater than 100.0% Total December 31, 2020 Loans (2) (3) Originated Transitional loans $ 5,485 $ 8,269 $ 252,798 $ 891,895 $ 157,900 $ 2,727 $ 1,319,074 Originated SBC loans 5,372 76,899 453,381 515,023 — 5,880 1,056,555 Acquired loans 266,345 385,579 228,262 113,023 40,838 12,062 1,046,109 Originated SBA 7(a) loans 1,203 15,013 51,133 147,020 61,297 99,125 374,791 Acquired SBA 7(a) loans 7,523 39,086 89,644 54,007 28,332 20,846 239,438 Originated PPP loans, at fair value — — — — — 74,931 74,931 Originated SBC loans, at fair value — 7,354 — 6,441 — — 13,795 Originated Residential Agency loans — — 88 1,236 1,552 332 3,208 Total Loans, before general allowance for loans losses $ 285,928 $ 532,200 $ 1,075,306 $ 1,728,645 $ 289,919 $ 215,903 $ 4,127,901 General allowance for loan losses $ (29,539) Total Loans, net $ 4,098,362 Percentage of loans outstanding 6.9% % 12.9% % 26.1% % 41.9% % 7.0% % 5.2% % December 31, 2019 Loans (2) (3) Originated Transitional loans $ 1,736 $ 28,108 $ 277,388 $ 750,298 $ 28,059 $ 739 $ 1,086,328 Originated SBC loans — 60,601 431,312 660,733 8,045 8,208 1,168,899 Acquired loans 218,679 371,471 293,216 161,431 35,731 13,755 1,094,283 Acquired SBA 7(a) loans 7,712 39,566 103,590 83,954 39,726 32,312 306,860 Originated SBC loans, at fair value — 8,192 — 6,422 5,598 — 20,212 Originated SBA 7(a) loans 865 13,843 41,166 130,177 78,544 112,034 376,629 Originated Residential Agency loans — 51 — 830 2,393 122 3,396 Total Loans, before general allowance for loans losses $ 228,992 $ 521,832 $ 1,146,672 $ 1,793,845 $ 198,096 $ 167,170 $ 4,056,607 General allowance for loan losses $ (2,424) Total Loans, net $ 4,054,183 Percentage of loans outstanding 5.6% % 12.9% % 28.3% % 44.2% % 4.9% % 4.1% % (1) Loan-to-value is calculated as carrying amount as a percentage of current collateral value (2) Loan balances include specific allowance for loan loss reserves (3) Includes Loans, net in consolidated VIEs As of December 31, 2020 and 2019, the Company’s total carrying amount of loans in the foreclosure process was $2.2 million and $0.8 million, respectively. The following table displays the geographic concentration of the Company’s loans, net, secured by real estate recorded on our consolidated balance sheets. Geographic Concentration (% of Unpaid Principal Balance) December 31, 2020 December 31, 2019 California 18.1 % 16.9 % Texas 14.2 15.2 New York 9.8 8.3 Florida 7.8 8.3 Illinois 5.2 5.2 Georgia 4.9 4.8 North Carolina 3.1 3.2 Washington 3.1 2.8 Arizona 2.8 3.4 Colorado 2.8 2.8 Other 28.2 29.1 Total 100.0 % 100.0 % The following table displays the collateral type concentration of the Company’s loans, net, on our consolidated balance sheets. Collateral Concentration (% of Unpaid Principal Balance) December 31, 2020 December 31, 2019 Multi-family 23.8 % 26.6 % SBA (1) 17.4 17.6 Retail 17.3 17.5 Office 13.1 12.9 Mixed Use 13.1 10.4 Industrial 7.0 6.4 Lodging/Residential 3.2 3.3 Other 5.1 5.3 Total 100.0 % 100.0 % (1) Further detail provided on SBA collateral concentration is included in table below. The following table displays the collateral type concentration of the Company’s SBA loans within loans, net, on our consolidated balance sheets. Collateral Concentration (% of Unpaid Principal Balance) December 31, 2020 December 31, 2019 Lodging 17.2 % 17.3 % Offices of Physicians 12.0 14.1 Child Day Care Services 7.2 8.1 Eating Places 5.3 6.1 Gasoline Service Stations 3.4 3.7 Veterinarians 3.3 4.1 Executive Search Services 2.6 — All Other Miscellaneous Store Retailers (except Tobacco Stores) 2.3 — Funeral Service & Crematories 1.8 2.0 Grocery Stores 1.7 2.0 Other 43.2 42.6 Total 100.0 % 100.0 % Allowance for credit losses The allowance for loan losses represents the Company’s estimate of expected credit losses inherent in the Company’s held-for-investment loan portfolio. This is assessed by considering credit quality indicators, including probable and historical losses, collateral values, loan-to-value (“LTV”) ratios, and economic conditions. The following tables present the allowance for loan losses by loan product and impairment methodology: Year Ended December 31, 2020 (In Thousands) Originated Originated Transitional loans Acquired Acquired Originated Originated Residential Agency Loans Total Allowance for General $ 2,640 $ 14,995 $ 5,457 $ 767 $ 5,680 $ — $ 29,539 Specific 6,200 — 2,840 3,782 4,371 — 17,193 Ending balance $ 8,840 $ 14,995 $ 8,297 $ 4,549 $ 10,051 $ — $ 46,732 Year Ended December 31, 2019 (In Thousands) Originated Originated Transitional loans Acquired Acquired Originated Originated Residential Agency Loans Total Allowance for General $ 124 $ 64 $ 803 $ 414 $ 1,019 $ — $ 2,424 Specific 180 124 86 941 762 — 2,093 PCD — — 2,165 759 — — 2,924 Ending balance $ 304 $ 188 $ 3,054 $ 2,114 $ 1,781 $ — $ 7,441 The following tables detail the activity of the allowance for loan losses for loans: Year Ended December 31, 2020 (In Thousands) Originated Originated Transitional loans Acquired Acquired Originated Originated Residential Agency Loans Total Allowance for Beginning balance $ 304 $ 188 $ 3,054 $ 2,114 $ 1,781 $ — $ 7,441 Cumulative-effect adjustment upon adoption of ASU 2016-13 2,400 1,906 1,878 3,562 1,379 — 11,125 Provision for (Recoveries of) loan losses 6,335 16,247 3,502 141 7,560 — 33,785 Charge-offs and sales (199) (3,346) (137) (1,396) (717) — (5,795) Recoveries — — — 128 48 — 176 Ending balance $ 8,840 $ 14,995 $ 8,297 $ 4,549 $ 10,051 $ — $ 46,732 Year Ended December 31, 2019 (In Thousands) Originated Originated Transitional loans Acquired Acquired Originated Originated Residential Agency Loans Total Allowance for Beginning balance $ 11 $ 353 $ 5,052 $ 2,318 $ 586 $ — $ 8,320 Provision for (recoveries of) loan losses 420 (167) 781 939 1,711 — 3,684 Charge-offs and sales (127) — (1,144) (1,282) (516) — (3,069) Recoveries — 2 (1,635) 139 — — (1,494) Ending balance $ 304 $ 188 $ 3,054 $ 2,114 $ 1,781 $ — $ 7,441 The tables above exclude $0.9 million of provision for loan losses on unfunded lending commitments as of December 31, 2020. There was no such provision for loan losses on unfunded commitments as of December 31, 2019. Refer to ‘Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements, Note 3 – Summary of Significant Accounting Policies” included in Item 8, “Financial Statements and Supplementary Data,” in this annual report on Form 10-K for more information on our accounting policies, methodologies and judgment applied to determine the allowance for loan losses and lending commitments. Non-accrual loans The following table details information about the Company’s non-accrual loans: (In Thousands) December 31, 2020 December 31, 2019 Non-accrual loans With an allowance $ 75,862 $ 20,657 Without an allowance 58,296 63,683 Total recorded carrying value of non-accrual loans $ 134,158 $ 84,340 Allowance for loan losses related to non-accrual loans $ (17,367) $ (3,581) Unpaid principal balance of non-accrual loans $ 158,471 $ 98,498 Interest income on non-accrual loans for the year ended $ 3,212 $ 3,132 Troubled debt restructurings If the borrower is determined to be in financial difficulty, then the Company will determine whether a financial concession has been granted to the borrower by analyzing the value of the loan as compared to the recorded investment, modifications of the interest rate as compared to market rates, modification of the stated maturity date, modification of the timing of principal and interest payments and the partial forgiveness of the loan. Modified loans that are classified as TDRs are individually evaluated and measured for impairment. In March 2020, a joint statement was issued by federal and state regulatory agencies, after consultation with the FASB, to clarify that short-term loan modifications are not TDRs if made on a good-faith basis in response to COVID-19 to borrowers who were current prior to any relief. Under this guidance, six months is provided as an example of short-term, and current is defined as less than 30 days past due at the time the modification program is implemented. The guidance also provides that these modified loans generally will not be classified as non-accrual during the term of the modification. For borrowers who are 30 days or more past due when enrolling in a loan modification program related to the COVID-19 pandemic, we evaluate the loan modifications under our existing TDR framework, and where such a loan modification would result in a concession to a borrower experiencing financial difficulty, the loan will be accounted for as a TDR and will generally not accrue interest. The following table summarizes the recorded investment of TDRs in the consolidated balance sheet by loan type as of the consolidated balance sheet dates. December 31, 2020 December 31, 2019 (In Thousands) SBC SBA Total SBC SBA Total Recorded carrying value modified loans classified as TDRs $ 7,327 $ 17,932 $ 25,259 $ 6,258 $ 14,204 $ 20,462 Allowance for loan losses on loans classified as TDRs $ 17 $ 3,323 $ 3,340 $ 274 $ 454 $ 728 Carrying value of modified loans classified as TDRs Carrying value of modified loans classified as TDRs on accrual status $ 307 $ 6,888 $ 7,195 $ 333 $ 7,437 $ 7,770 Carrying value of modified loans classified as TDRs on non-accrual status 7,020 11,044 18,064 5,925 6,767 12,692 Total carrying value of modified loans classified as TDRs $ 7,327 $ 17,932 $ 25,259 $ 6,258 $ 14,204 $ 20,462 The following table summarizes the TDR activity that occurred during the years ended December 31, 2020 and 2019 and the financial effects of these modifications. Year Ended December 31, 2020 Year Ended December 31, 2019 (In Thousands, except number of loans) SBC SBA Total SBC SBA Total Number of loans permanently modified 5 28 33 3 31 34 Pre-modification recorded balance (a) $ 10,963 $ 8,420 $ 19,383 $ 2,169 $ 4,045 $ 6,214 Post-modification recorded balance (a) $ 10,963 8,455 $ 19,418 $ 2,169 $ 3,778 $ 5,947 Number of loans that remain in default as of 2020 (b) 3 4 7 3 8 11 Balance of loans that remain in default as of 2020 (b) $ 5,285 $ 302 $ 5,587 $ 2,240 $ 534 $ 2,774 Concession granted (a) : Term extension $ — $ 7,020 $ 7,020 $ — $ 4,033 $ 4,033 Interest rate reduction — — — — — — Principal reduction — — — — — — Foreclosure 5,285 302 5,587 2,240 264 2,504 Total $ 5,285 $ 7,322 $ 12,607 $ 2,240 $ 4,297 $ 6,537 (a) Represents carrying value. (b) Represents the December 31, 2020 carrying values of the TDRs that occurred during the year ended December 31, 2020 and 2019 that remained in default as of December 31, 2020. Generally, all loans modified in a TDR are placed or remain on non-accrual status at the time of the restructuring. However, certain accruing loans modified in a TDR that are current at the time of restructuring may remain on accrual status if payment in full under the restructured terms is expected. For purposes of this schedule, a loan is considered in default if it is 30 or more days past due. The Company does not believe the financial impact of the presented TDRs to be material. The other elements of the Company’s modification programs do not have a significant impact on financial results given their relative size, or do not have a direct financial impact as in the case of covenant changes. PCD loans The Company did not acquire any PCD loans as of the year ended December 2020 and 2019. |