Loans and Allowance for Credit Losses | Note 6. Loans and allowance for credit losses The accounting for a loan depends on management’s strategy for the loan, and on whether the loan was credit-deteriorated at the date of acquisition. The Company accounts for loans based on the following loan program categories: ● Originated or purchased loans held-for-investment– originated transitional loans, originated conventional SBC and SBA loans, or acquired loans with no signs of credit deterioration at the time of purchase ● Loans, held at fair value – certain originated conventional SBC loans for which the Company has elected the fair value option ● Loans, held-for-sale, at fair value – originated or acquired loans with the intention to sell in the near term ● Paycheck Protection Program loans, held at fair value – SBA loans originated in round 1 of the PPP program for which the Company has elected the fair value option ● Paycheck Protection Program loans, held for investment – SBA loans originated in round 2 of the PPP program Loan portfolio The table below summarizes the classification, UPB, and carrying value of loans held by the Company including loans of consolidated VIEs. December 31, 2021 December 31, 2020 (in thousands) Carrying Value UPB Carrying Value UPB Loans Originated Transitional loans $ 1,693,471 $ 1,705,037 $ 530,671 $ 535,963 Originated SBA 7(a) loans 351,664 361,392 310,537 314,938 Acquired SBA 7(a) loans 152,327 158,016 201,066 210,115 Originated SBC loans 266,026 259,786 173,190 167,470 Acquired loans 471,842 480,088 351,381 352,546 Originated SBC loans, at fair value 10,766 10,956 13,795 14,088 Originated Residential Agency loans 2,566 2,566 3,208 3,208 Total Loans, before allowance for loan losses $ 2,948,662 $ 2,977,841 $ 1,583,848 $ 1,598,328 Allowance for loan losses $ (33,216) $ — $ (33,224) $ — Total Loans, net $ 2,915,446 $ 2,977,841 $ 1,550,624 $ 1,598,328 Loans in consolidated VIEs Originated SBC loans $ 718,201 $ 715,842 $ 892,316 $ 887,917 Originated Transitional loans 2,693,186 2,717,487 785,653 789,750 Acquired loans 594,274 593,649 697,567 701,133 Originated SBA 7(a) loans 55,580 58,792 68,625 72,451 Acquired SBA 7(a) loans 32,768 39,812 42,154 52,456 Total Loans, in consolidated VIEs, before allowance for loan losses $ 4,094,009 $ 4,125,582 $ 2,486,315 $ 2,503,707 Allowance for loan losses on loans in consolidated VIEs $ (12,161) $ — $ (13,508) $ — Total Loans, net, in consolidated VIEs $ 4,081,848 $ 4,125,582 $ 2,472,807 $ 2,503,707 Loans, held for sale, at fair value Originated Residential Agency loans $ 235,925 $ 231,196 $ 260,447 $ 249,852 Originated Freddie Mac loans 42,384 41,864 51,248 50,408 Originated SBC loans 101,172 100,655 17,850 17,850 Originated SBA 7(a) loans 42,761 38,966 10,232 9,436 Acquired loans 130,693 128,079 511 499 Total Loans, held for sale, at fair value $ 552,935 $ 540,760 $ 340,288 $ 328,045 Total Loans, net and Loans, held for sale, at fair value $ 7,550,229 $ 7,644,183 $ 4,363,719 $ 4,430,080 Paycheck Protection Program loans Paycheck Protection Program loans, held-for-investment $ 867,109 $ 927,766 $ — $ — Paycheck Protection Program loans, held at fair value 3,243 3,243 74,931 74,931 Total Paycheck Protection Program loans $ 870,352 $ 931,009 $ 74,931 $ 74,931 Total Loan portfolio $ 8,420,581 $ 8,575,192 $ 4,438,650 $ 4,505,011 Loan vintage and credit quality indicators The Company monitors the credit quality of its loan portfolio based on primary credit quality indicators, such as delinquency rates. Loans that are 30 days or more past due, provide an indication of the borrower’s capacity and willingness to meet its financial obligations. In the tables below, Total Loans, net includes Loans, net in consolidated VIEs and a specific allowance for loan losses of $17.3 million and $17.2 million as of December 31, 2021 and 2020, respectively. The tables below summarizes the classification, UPB and carrying value of loans by year of origination. Carrying Value by Year of Origination (in thousands) UPB 2021 2020 2019 2018 2017 Pre 2017 Total December 31, 2021 Originated Transitional loans $ 4,422,524 $ 3,339,437 $ 420,486 $ 424,118 $ 192,901 $ — $ 5,340 $ 4,382,282 Originated SBC loans 975,628 142,947 58,651 394,648 163,912 98,123 121,752 980,033 Acquired loans 1,073,737 126,803 80,705 50,720 44,530 26,194 733,996 1,062,948 Originated SBA 7(a) loans 420,184 91,991 44,878 91,208 108,631 48,771 18,779 404,258 Acquired SBA 7(a) loans 197,828 39 77 13,730 13,605 261 154,842 182,554 Originated SBC loans, at fair value 10,956 — — — — — 10,766 10,766 Originated Residential Agency loans 2,566 1,414 492 468 — — 192 2,566 Total Loans, before general allowance for loan losses $ 7,103,423 $ 3,702,631 $ 605,289 $ 974,892 $ 523,579 $ 173,349 $ 1,045,667 $ 7,025,407 General allowance for loan losses $ (28,113) Total Loans, net $ 6,997,294 UPB 2020 2019 2018 2017 2016 Pre 2016 Total December 31, 2020 Originated Transitional loans $ 1,325,713 $ 385,183 $ 583,593 $ 306,971 $ 23,783 $ 16,794 $ — $ 1,316,324 Originated SBC loans 1,055,387 66,715 486,033 237,313 110,354 45,382 113,508 1,059,305 Acquired loans 1,053,679 21,414 40,572 42,167 38,649 19,533 883,774 1,046,109 Originated SBA 7(a) loans 387,389 47,939 98,568 133,812 68,375 22,056 4,041 374,791 Acquired SBA 7(a) loans 262,571 139 19,658 14,636 283 19 204,703 239,438 Originated SBC loans, at fair value 14,088 — — — 1,598 6,442 5,755 13,795 Originated Residential Agency loans 3,208 1,571 645 705 — 88 199 3,208 Total Loans, before general allowance for loan losses $ 4,102,035 $ 522,961 $ 1,229,069 $ 735,604 $ 243,042 $ 110,314 $ 1,211,980 $ 4,052,970 General allowance for loan losses $ (29,539) Total Loans, net $ 4,023,431 The table below presents delinquency information on loans, net by year of origination. Carrying Value by Year of Origination (in thousands) UPB 2021 2020 2019 2018 2017 Pre 2017 Total December 31, 2021 Current and less than 30 days past due $ 6,901,474 $ 3,666,020 $ 596,289 $ 953,269 $ 473,798 $ 167,629 $ 984,680 $ 6,841,685 30 - 59 days past due 73,836 35,549 352 18,393 3,714 228 14,601 72,837 60+ days past due 128,113 1,062 8,648 3,230 46,067 5,492 46,386 110,885 Total Loans, before general allowance for loan losses $ 7,103,423 $ 3,702,631 $ 605,289 $ 974,892 $ 523,579 $ 173,349 $ 1,045,667 $ 7,025,407 General allowance for loan losses $ (28,113) Total Loans, net $ 6,997,294 Carrying Value by Year of Origination UPB 2020 2019 2018 2017 2016 Pre 2016 Total December 31, 2020 Current and less than 30 days past due $ 3,904,294 $ 516,474 $ 1,221,227 $ 707,068 $ 203,331 $ 100,003 $ 1,125,100 $ 3,873,203 30 - 59 days past due 38,836 5,812 5,191 15,097 401 2 11,933 38,436 60+ days past due 158,905 675 2,651 13,439 39,310 10,309 74,947 141,331 Total Loans, before general allowance for loan losses $ 4,102,035 $ 522,961 $ 1,229,069 $ 735,604 $ 243,042 $ 110,314 $ 1,211,980 $ 4,052,970 General allowance for loan losses $ (29,539) Total Loans, net $ 4,023,431 The table below presents delinquency information on loans, net by portfolio. (in thousands) Current 30-59 days past due 60+ days past due Total Non-Accrual Loans 90+ days past due and Accruing December 31, 2021 Originated Transitional loans $ 4,289,571 $ 52,997 $ 39,714 $ 4,382,282 $ 30,038 $ — Originated SBC loans 944,803 — 35,230 980,033 27,125 — Acquired loans 1,018,805 13,099 31,044 1,062,948 25,803 — Originated SBA 7(a) loans 397,554 5,309 1,395 404,258 10,822 — Acquired SBA 7(a) loans 179,039 1,432 2,083 182,554 4,297 — Originated SBC loans, at fair value 10,766 — — 10,766 — — Originated Residential Agency loans 1,147 — 1,419 2,566 1,418 — Total Loans, before general allowance for loan losses $ 6,841,685 $ 72,837 $ 110,885 $ 7,025,407 $ 99,503 $ — General allowance for loan losses $ (28,113) Total Loans, net $ 6,997,294 Percentage of loans outstanding 97.4% 1.0% 1.6% 100% 1.4% 0.0% December 31, 2020 Originated Transitional loans $ 1,278,829 $ 17,713 $ 19,782 $ 1,316,324 $ 19,416 $ — Originated SBC loans 1,003,628 6,591 49,086 1,059,305 37,635 — Acquired loans 978,346 7,729 60,034 1,046,109 57,020 — Originated SBA 7(a) loans 369,416 1,741 3,634 374,791 8,668 — Acquired SBA 7(a) loans 228,651 4,008 6,779 239,438 9,001 — Originated SBC loans, at fair value 13,795 — — 13,795 — — Originated Residential Agency loans 538 654 2,016 3,208 2,418 — Total Loans, before general allowance for loan losses $ 3,873,203 $ 38,436 $ 141,331 $ 4,052,970 $ 134,158 $ — General allowance for loan losses $ (29,539) Total Loans, net $ 4,023,431 Percentage of loans outstanding 95.6% 0.9% 3.5% 100% 3.3% 0.0% In addition to delinquency rates, the current estimated LTV ratio, geographic distribution of the loan collateral and collateral concentration are primary credit quality indicators that provide insight into a borrower’s capacity and willingness to meet its financial obligation. High LTV loans tend to have higher delinquency rates than loans where the borrower has equity in the collateral. The geographic distribution of the loan collateral considers factors such as the regional economy, property price changes and specific events such as natural disasters, which will affect credit quality. The collateral concentration of the loan portfolio considers factors or events may have a more pronounced impact on certain sectors or property types. The table below presents quantitative information on the credit quality of loans, net. Loan-to-Value (1) (in thousands) 0.0 – 20.0% 20.1 – 40.0% 40.1 – 60.0% 60.1 – 80.0% 80.1 – 100.0% Greater than 100.0% Total December 31, 2021 Originated Transitional loans $ 782 $ 109,954 $ 330,935 $ 3,294,838 $ 628,489 $ 17,284 $ 4,382,282 Originated SBC loans 416 27,976 311,758 613,021 16,217 10,645 980,033 Acquired loans 234,677 305,414 271,862 224,246 14,182 12,567 1,062,948 Originated SBA 7(a) loans 1,222 10,780 49,750 159,246 56,174 127,086 404,258 Acquired SBA 7(a) loans 5,997 31,163 69,364 38,704 25,214 12,112 182,554 Originated SBC loans, at fair value — 5,817 — 4,949 — — 10,766 Originated Residential Agency loans — — 386 961 1,219 — 2,566 Total Loans, before general allowance for loan losses $ 243,094 $ 491,104 $ 1,034,055 $ 4,335,965 $ 741,495 $ 179,694 $ 7,025,407 General allowance for loan losses $ (28,113) Total Loans, net $ 6,997,294 Percentage of loans outstanding 3.5% 7.0% 14.7% 61.7% 10.5% 2.6% December 31, 2020 Originated Transitional loans $ 5,485 $ 7,205 $ 251,112 $ 891,895 $ 157,900 $ 2,727 $ 1,316,324 Originated SBC loans 5,372 77,963 455,067 515,023 — 5,880 1,059,305 Acquired loans 266,345 385,579 228,262 113,023 40,838 12,062 1,046,109 Originated SBA 7(a) loans 1,203 15,013 51,133 147,020 61,297 99,125 374,791 Acquired SBA 7(a) loans 7,523 39,086 89,644 54,007 28,332 20,846 239,438 Originated SBC loans, at fair value — 7,354 — 6,441 — — 13,795 Originated Residential Agency loans — — 88 1,236 1,552 332 3,208 Total Loans, before general allowance for loan losses $ 285,928 $ 532,200 $ 1,075,306 $ 1,728,645 $ 289,919 $ 140,972 $ 4,052,970 General allowance for loan losses $ (29,539) Total Loans, net $ 4,023,431 Percentage of loans outstanding 7.1% 13.0% 26.5% 42.7% 7.2% 3.5% (1) Loan-to-value is calculated using carrying amount as a percentage of current collateral value The table below presents geographic concentration of loans, net, secured by real estate. Geographic Concentration (% of Unpaid Principal Balance) December 31, 2021 December 31, 2020 Texas 19.2 % 14.2 % California 14.3 18.1 Arizona 7.4 2.8 New York 7.3 9.8 Georgia 7.0 4.9 Florida 6.7 7.8 Illinois 4.3 5.2 North Carolina 2.6 3.1 Washington 2.1 3.1 Colorado 1.9 2.8 Other 27.2 28.2 Total 100.0 % 100.0 % The table below presents the collateral type concentration of loans, net. Collateral Concentration (% of Unpaid Principal Balance) December 31, 2021 December 31, 2020 Multi-family 54.4 % 23.8 % Retail 10.2 17.3 SBA 8.7 17.4 Office 8.2 13.1 Mixed Use 7.1 12.9 Industrial 6.4 7.1 Lodging/Residential 1.8 3.2 Other 3.2 5.2 Total 100.0 % 100.0 % The table below presents the collateral type concentration of SBA loans within loans, net. Collateral Concentration (% of Unpaid Principal Balance) December 31, 2021 December 31, 2020 Lodging 17.0 % 17.2 % Offices of Physicians 10.9 12.0 Child Day Care Services 7.4 7.2 Eating Places 5.0 5.3 Gasoline Service Stations 3.7 3.4 Veterinarians 2.4 3.3 Funeral Service & Crematories 1.9 1.8 Grocery Stores 1.8 1.7 Car washes 1.4 1.4 Couriers 1.3 1.0 Other 47.2 45.7 Total 100.0 % 100.0 % Allowance for credit losses The allowance for credit losses consists of the allowance for losses on loans and lending commitments accounted for at amortized cost. Such loans and lending commitments are reviewed quarterly considering credit quality indicators, including probable and historical losses, collateral values, LTV ratios, and economic conditions. The table below presents the allowance for loan losses by loan product and impairment methodology. (in thousands) Originated SBC loans Originated Transitional loans Acquired loans Acquired SBA 7(a) loans Originated SBA 7(a) loans Total Allowance for loan losses December 31, 2021 General $ 2,666 $ 15,841 $ 2,953 $ 543 $ 6,110 $ 28,113 Specific 4,194 4,375 3,168 2,541 2,986 17,264 Ending balance $ 6,860 $ 20,216 $ 6,121 $ 3,084 $ 9,096 $ 45,377 December 31, 2020 General $ 2,640 $ 14,995 $ 5,457 $ 767 $ 5,680 $ 29,539 Specific 6,200 — 2,840 3,782 4,371 17,193 Ending balance $ 8,840 $ 14,995 $ 8,297 $ 4,549 $ 10,051 $ 46,732 The table below present a summary of the changes in the allowance for loan losses. (in thousands) Originated SBC loans Originated Transitional loans Acquired loans Acquired SBA 7(a) loans Originated SBA 7(a) loans Total Allowance for loan losses Year Ended December 31, 2021 Beginning balance $ 8,840 $ 14,995 $ 8,297 $ 4,549 $ 10,051 $ 46,732 Provision for (recoveries of) loan losses (480) 9,971 (1,426) (555) 1,217 8,727 Charge-offs and sales (1,311) (4,300) (26) (949) (2,179) (8,765) Recoveries (189) (450) (724) 39 7 (1,317) Ending balance $ 6,860 $ 20,216 $ 6,121 $ 3,084 $ 9,096 $ 45,377 Year Ended December 31, 2020 Beginning balance $ 304 $ 188 $ 3,054 $ 2,114 $ 1,781 $ 7,441 Cumulative -effect adjustment upon adoption of ASU 2016-13 2,400 1,906 1,878 3,562 1,379 11,125 Provision for (recoveries of) loan losses 6,335 16,247 3,502 141 7,560 33,785 Charge-offs and sales (199) (3,346) (137) (1,396) (717) (5,795) Recoveries — — — 128 48 176 Ending balance $ 8,840 $ 14,995 $ 8,297 $ 4,549 $ 10,051 $ 46,732 The table above excludes $0.3 million and $0.9 million of provision for loan losses on unfunded lending commitments as of December 31, 2021 and 2020, respectively. Refer to Note 3 – Summary of Significant Accounting Policies for more information on our accounting policies, methodologies and judgment applied to determine the allowance for loan losses and lending commitments. Non-accrual loans A loan is placed on nonaccrual status when it is probable that principal and interest will not be collected under the original contractual terms. At that time, interest income is no longer accrued. The table below presents information on non-accrual loans. (in thousands) December 31, 2021 December 31, 2020 Non-accrual loans With an allowance $ 71,645 $ 75,862 Without an allowance 27,858 58,296 Total recorded carrying value of non-accrual loans $ 99,503 $ 134,158 Allowance for loan losses related to non-accrual loans $ (17,264) $ (17,367) Unpaid principal balance of non-accrual loans $ 119,554 $ 158,471 Interest income on non-accrual loans for the year ended $ 1,364 $ 3,212 Troubled debt restructurings A loan is classified as a TDR when there is a reasonable expectation that the original terms of the loan agreement will be modified by granting concessions to a borrower who is experiencing financial difficulty. Concessions typically include modifications to the interest rate, maturity date, timing of principal and interest payments and principal forgiveness. Modified loans that are classified as TDRs are individually evaluated and measured for impairment. The table below presents details on TDR loans by type. December 31, 2021 December 31, 2020 (in thousands) SBC SBA Total SBC SBA Total Carrying value of modified loans classified as TDRs: On accrual status $ 284 $ 8,242 $ 8,526 $ 307 $ 6,888 $ 7,195 On non-accrual status 11,220 11,409 22,629 7,020 11,044 18,064 Total carrying value of modified loans classified as TDRs $ 11,504 $ 19,651 $ 31,155 $ 7,327 $ 17,932 $ 25,259 Allowance for loan losses on loans classified as TDRs $ 46 $ 2,626 $ 2,672 $ 17 $ 3,323 $ 3,340 The table below presents TDR loan activity and the financial effects of these modifications by type. Year Ended December 31, 2021 Year Ended December 31, 2020 (in thousands, except number of loans) SBC SBA Total SBC SBA Total Number of loans permanently modified 2 29 31 5 28 33 Pre-modification recorded balance (a) $ 8,660 $ 9,547 $ 18,207 $ 10,963 $ 8,420 $ 19,383 Post-modification recorded balance (a) $ 8,660 $ 9,024 $ 17,684 $ 10,963 $ 8,455 $ 19,418 Number of loans that remain in default (b) 2 7 9 3 4 7 Balance of loans that remain in default (b) $ 8,660 $ 1,532 $ 10,192 $ 5,285 $ 302 $ 5,587 Concession granted (a) Term extension $ — $ 7,616 $ 7,616 $ — $ 7,020 $ 7,020 Interest rate reduction — — — — — Principal reduction — — — — — Foreclosure 8,660 86 8,746 5,285 302 5,587 Total $ 8,660 $ 7,702 $ 16,362 $ 5,285 $ 7,322 $ 12,607 (a) Represents carrying value. (b) Represents carrying values of the TDRs that occurred during the respective periods ended and remained in default as of the current period ended. Generally, all loans modified in a TDR are placed or remain on non-accrual status at the time of the restructuring. However, certain accruing loans modified in a TDR that are current at the time of restructuring may remain on accrual status if payment in full under the restructured terms is expected. For purposes of this schedule, a loan is considered in default if it is 30 or more days past due. The remaining elements of the Company’s modification programs are generally considered insignificant and do not have a material impact on financial results. For loans that the Company determines foreclosure of the collateral is probable, expected losses are measured based on the difference between the fair value of the collateral and the amortized cost basis of the loan as of the measurement date. As of December 31, 2021 and 2020, the Company’s total carrying amount of loans in the foreclosure process was $2.3 million and $2.2 million, respectively PCD loans The Company did not acquire any PCD loans as of the years ended December 2021 and 2020. |