Loans and Allowance for Credit Losses | Note 6. Loans and allowance for credit losses Loans includes (i) loans held for investment that are accounted for at amortized cost net of allowance for credit losses or (ii) loans held at fair value under the fair value option and (iii) loans held for sale at fair value that are accounted for at the lower of cost or fair value. The classification for a loan is based on product type and management’s strategy for the loan. Loans with the “Other” classification are generally SBC acquired loans that have nonconforming characteristics for the Fixed rate, Bridge, or Freddie Mac securitizations due to loan size, rate type, collateral, or borrower criteria. Loan portfolio The table below summarizes the classification, UPB, and carrying value of loans held by the Company including loans of consolidated VIEs. March 31, 2022 December 31, 2021 (in thousands) Carrying Value UPB Carrying Value UPB Loans Residential $ 3,866 $ 4,042 $ 3,641 $ 3,914 SBA - 7(a) 495,662 512,922 503,991 519,408 Fixed rate 366,772 363,139 344,673 341,356 Freddie Mac 3,093 2,985 3,087 2,985 Bridge 2,523,307 2,542,457 1,849,524 1,861,932 Construction 370,888 365,890 — — Other 339,616 344,000 243,746 248,246 Total Loans, before allowance for loan losses $ 4,103,204 $ 4,135,435 $ 2,948,662 $ 2,977,841 Allowance for loan losses $ (40,869) $ — $ (33,216) $ — Total Loans, net $ 4,062,335 $ 4,135,435 $ 2,915,446 $ 2,977,841 Loans in consolidated VIEs Fixed rate $ 701,411 $ 699,420 $ 749,364 $ 746,720 Bridge 3,754,406 3,785,302 2,693,186 2,717,487 SBA - 7(a) 81,446 90,457 88,348 98,604 Other 401,003 401,571 563,111 562,771 Total Loans, in consolidated VIEs, before allowance for loan losses $ 4,938,266 $ 4,976,750 $ 4,094,009 $ 4,125,582 Allowance for loan losses on loans in consolidated VIEs $ (10,375) $ — $ (12,161) $ — Total Loans, net, in consolidated VIEs $ 4,927,891 $ 4,976,750 $ 4,081,848 $ 4,125,582 Loans, held for sale, at fair value Residential $ 211,490 $ 211,258 $ 269,164 $ 263,479 SBA - 7(a) 50,008 45,925 42,760 38,966 Fixed rate 203,533 212,643 197,290 195,114 Freddie Mac 52,934 52,131 42,384 41,864 Other 5,249 4,940 1,337 1,337 Total Loans, held for sale, at fair value $ 523,214 $ 526,897 $ 552,935 $ 540,760 Total Loans, net and Loans, held for sale, at fair value $ 9,513,440 $ 9,639,082 $ 7,550,229 $ 7,644,183 Paycheck Protection Program loans Paycheck Protection Program loans, held-for-investment $ 552,813 $ 598,222 $ 867,109 $ 927,766 Paycheck Protection Program loans, held at fair value 1,843 1,843 3,243 3,243 Total Paycheck Protection Program loans $ 554,656 $ 600,065 $ 870,352 $ 931,009 Total Loan portfolio $ 10,068,096 $ 10,239,147 $ 8,420,581 $ 8,575,192 Loan vintage and credit quality indicators The Company monitors the credit quality of its loan portfolio based on primary credit quality indicators, such as delinquency rates. Loans that are 30 days or more past due, provide an indication of the borrower’s capacity and willingness to meet its financial obligations. In the tables below, Total Loans, net includes Loans, net in consolidated VIEs and a specific allowance for loan losses of $21.2 million, including $5.0 million of reserves of PCD loans as of March 31, 2022 and $17.3 million as of December 31, 2021. The tables below summarize the classification, UPB and carrying value of loans by year of origination. Carrying Value by Year of Origination (in thousands) UPB 2022 2021 2020 2019 2018 Pre 2018 Total March 31, 2022 Bridge $ 6,327,759 $ 1,446,625 $ 3,842,348 $ 414,683 $ 361,566 $ 170,180 $ 37,993 $ 6,273,395 Construction 365,890 — — 10,000 294,733 61,156 — 365,889 Fixed rate 1,062,559 38,327 140,039 95,325 367,363 149,647 273,285 1,063,986 Freddie Mac 2,985 — — 3,093 — — — 3,093 Residential 4,042 1,099 578 342 434 183 1,170 3,806 SBA - 7(a) 603,379 26,715 87,276 43,287 97,291 111,997 205,964 572,530 Other 745,571 410 22,790 17,799 73,794 20,510 602,294 737,597 Total Loans, before general allowance for loan losses $ 9,112,185 $ 1,513,176 $ 4,093,031 $ 584,529 $ 1,195,181 $ 513,673 $ 1,120,706 $ 9,020,296 General allowance for loan losses $ (30,070) Total Loans, net $ 8,990,226 UPB 2021 2020 2019 2018 2017 Pre 2017 Total December 31, 2021 Bridge $ 4,579,419 $ 3,461,864 $ 430,248 $ 399,603 $ 205,855 $ 11,327 $ 29,490 $ 4,538,387 Fixed rate 1,088,076 142,801 103,528 393,563 163,912 98,123 187,918 1,089,845 Freddie Mac 2,985 — 3,093 — — — — 3,093 Residential 3,914 1,413 492 468 — — 1,215 3,588 SBA - 7(a) 618,012 92,030 44,955 104,938 122,242 49,031 173,616 586,812 Other 811,017 4,523 22,973 76,320 31,570 14,868 653,428 803,682 Total Loans, before general allowance for loan losses $ 7,103,423 $ 3,702,631 $ 605,289 $ 974,892 $ 523,579 $ 173,349 $ 1,045,667 $ 7,025,407 General allowance for loan losses $ (28,113) Total Loans, net $ 6,997,294 The tables below present delinquency information on loans, net by year of origination. Carrying Value by Year of Origination (in thousands) UPB 2022 2021 2020 2019 2018 Pre 2018 Total March 31, 2022 Current and less than 30 days past due $ 8,561,756 $ 1,513,068 $ 3,798,728 $ 557,213 $ 1,166,628 $ 386,401 $ 1,067,937 $ 8,489,975 30 - 59 days past due 328,043 — 293,373 23,653 786 161 7,033 325,006 60+ days past due 222,386 108 930 3,663 27,767 127,111 45,736 205,315 Total Loans, before general allowance for loan losses $ 9,112,185 $ 1,513,176 $ 4,093,031 $ 584,529 $ 1,195,181 $ 513,673 $ 1,120,706 $ 9,020,296 General allowance for loan losses $ (30,070) Total Loans, net $ 8,990,226 Carrying Value by Year of Origination UPB 2021 2020 2019 2018 2017 Pre 2017 Total December 31, 2021 Current and less than 30 days past due $ 6,901,474 $ 3,666,020 $ 596,289 $ 953,269 $ 473,798 $ 167,629 $ 984,680 $ 6,841,685 30 - 59 days past due 73,836 35,549 352 18,393 3,714 228 14,601 72,837 60+ days past due 128,113 1,062 8,648 3,230 46,067 5,492 46,386 110,885 Total Loans, before general allowance for loan losses $ 7,103,423 $ 3,702,631 $ 605,289 $ 974,892 $ 523,579 $ 173,349 $ 1,045,667 $ 7,025,407 General allowance for loan losses $ (28,113) Total Loans, net $ 6,997,294 The table below presents delinquency information on loans, net by portfolio. (in thousands) Current 30-59 days past due 60+ days past due Total Non-Accrual Loans 90+ days past due and Accruing March 31, 2022 Bridge $ 5,887,923 $ 311,877 $ 73,595 $ 6,273,395 $ 40,672 $ — Construction 290,733 — 75,156 365,889 75,156 — Fixed rate 1,040,035 4,652 19,299 1,063,986 23,951 — Freddie Mac — — 3,093 3,093 3,093 — Residential 1,482 — 2,324 3,806 2,443 — SBA - 7(a) 565,526 2,844 4,160 572,530 9,251 — Other 704,276 5,633 27,688 737,597 29,343 — Total Loans, before general allowance for loan losses $ 8,489,975 $ 325,006 $ 205,315 $ 9,020,296 $ 183,909 $ — General allowance for loan losses $ (30,070) Total Loans, net $ 8,990,226 Percentage of loans outstanding 94.1% 3.6% 2.3% 100% 2.0% 0.0% December 31, 2021 Bridge $ 4,451,230 $ 52,997 $ 34,160 $ 4,538,387 $ 28,820 $ — Fixed rate 1,057,708 — 32,137 1,089,845 24,031 — Freddie Mac — — 3,093 3,093 3,093 - Residential 1,674 — 1,914 3,588 1,914 — SBA - 7(a) 576,593 6,741 3,478 586,812 15,119 — Other 754,480 13,099 36,103 803,682 26,525 — Total Loans, before general allowance for loan losses $ 6,841,685 $ 72,837 $ 110,885 $ 7,025,407 $ 99,503 $ — General allowance for loan losses $ (28,113) Total Loans, net $ 6,997,294 Percentage of loans outstanding 97.4% 1.0% 1.6% 100% 1.4% 0.0% In addition to delinquency rates, the current estimated LTV ratio, geographic distribution of the loan collateral and collateral concentration are primary credit quality indicators that provide insight into a borrower’s capacity and willingness to meet its financial obligation. High LTV loans tend to have higher delinquency rates than loans where the borrower has equity in the collateral. The geographic distribution of the loan collateral considers factors such as the regional economy, property price changes and specific events such as natural disasters, which will affect credit quality. The collateral concentration of the loan portfolio considers economic factors or events may have a more pronounced impact on certain sectors or property types. The table below presents quantitative information on the credit quality of loans, net. Loan-to-Value (1) (in thousands) 0.0 – 20.0% 20.1 – 40.0% 40.1 – 60.0% 60.1 – 80.0% 80.1 – 100.0% Greater than 100.0% Total March 31, 2022 Bridge $ — $ 272,735 $ 622,608 $ 4,962,629 $ 397,974 $ 17,449 $ 6,273,395 Construction 27,331 10,000 48,175 280,383 — — 365,889 Fixed rate 12,460 37,964 411,511 581,448 9,958 10,645 1,063,986 Freddie Mac — — — 3,093 — — 3,093 Residential 66 276 1,376 1,336 598 154 3,806 SBA - 7(a) 7,892 43,054 117,329 189,350 82,710 132,195 572,530 Other 203,275 281,597 182,381 52,667 10,343 7,334 737,597 Total Loans, before general allowance for loan losses $ 251,024 $ 645,626 $ 1,383,380 $ 6,070,906 $ 501,583 $ 167,777 $ 9,020,296 General allowance for loan losses $ (30,070) Total Loans, net $ 8,990,226 Percentage of loans outstanding 2.8% 7.2% 15.3% 67.3% 5.5% 1.9% December 31, 2021 Bridge $ — $ 107,606 $ 338,355 $ 3,432,820 $ 640,215 $ 19,391 $ 4,538,387 Fixed rate 13,983 40,570 390,213 624,462 9,972 10,645 1,089,845 Freddie Mac — — — 3,093 — — 3,093 Residential 69 262 835 1,050 1,219 153 3,588 SBA - 7(a) 7,219 41,943 119,114 197,950 81,388 139,198 586,812 Other 221,823 300,723 185,538 76,590 8,701 10,307 803,682 Total Loans, before general allowance for loan losses $ 243,094 $ 491,104 $ 1,034,055 $ 4,335,965 $ 741,495 $ 179,694 $ 7,025,407 General allowance for loan losses $ (28,113) Total Loans, net $ 6,997,294 Percentage of loans outstanding 3.5% 7.0% 14.7% 61.7% 10.5% 2.6% (1) Loan-to-value is calculated using carrying amount as a percentage of current collateral value The table below presents the geographic concentration of loans, net, secured by real estate. Geographic Concentration (% of Unpaid Principal Balance) March 31, 2022 December 31, 2021 Texas 19.1 % 19.2 % California 12.3 14.3 Arizona 7.3 7.4 Georgia 7.2 7.0 Florida 6.7 6.7 New York 5.8 7.3 Illinois 4.8 4.3 North Carolina 2.7 2.6 Washington 1.7 2.1 Colorado 1.4 1.9 Other 31.0 27.2 Total 100.0 % 100.0 % The table below presents the collateral type concentration of loans, net. Collateral Concentration (% of Unpaid Principal Balance) March 31, 2022 December 31, 2021 Multi-family 61.8 % 54.4 % Mixed Use 8.4 7.1 Retail 7.6 10.2 SBA 6.6 8.7 Office 6.1 8.2 Industrial 5.0 6.4 Lodging/Residential 2.1 1.8 Other 2.4 3.2 Total 100.0 % 100.0 % The table below presents the collateral type concentration of SBA loans within loans, net. Collateral Concentration (% of Unpaid Principal Balance) March 31, 2022 December 31, 2021 Lodging 15.4 % 17.0 % Offices of Physicians 9.0 10.9 Child Day Care Services 6.9 7.4 Eating Places 4.3 5.0 Gasoline Service Stations 4.1 3.7 Veterinarians 2.2 2.4 Funeral Service & Crematories 1.8 1.9 Grocery Stores 1.7 1.8 Car washes 1.3 1.4 Couriers 1.3 1.3 Other 52.0 47.2 Total 100.0 % 100.0 % Allowance for credit losses The allowance for credit losses consists of the allowance for losses on loans and lending commitments accounted for at amortized cost. Such loans and lending commitments are reviewed quarterly considering credit quality indicators, including probable and historical losses, collateral values, LTV ratios, and economic conditions. The table below presents the allowance for loan losses by loan product and impairment methodology. (in thousands) Bridge Construction Fixed rate Residential SBA - 7(a) Other Total Allowance for loan losses March 31, 2022 General $ 15,560 $ 323 $ 2,327 $ — $ 8,656 $ 3,204 $ 30,070 Specific 4,318 — 4,197 60 4,577 3,022 16,174 PCD — 5,000 — — — — 5,000 Ending balance $ 19,878 $ 5,323 $ 6,524 $ 60 $ 13,233 $ 6,226 $ 51,244 December 31, 2021 General $ 15,204 $ — $ 2,667 $ 8 $ 6,653 $ 3,581 $ 28,113 Specific 4,315 — 4,194 52 5,527 3,176 17,264 Ending balance $ 19,519 $ — $ 6,861 $ 60 $ 12,180 $ 6,757 $ 45,377 The table below presents a summary of the changes in the allowance for loan losses. (in thousands) Bridge Construction Fixed rate Residential SBA - 7(a) Other Total Allowance for loan losses Three Months Ended March 31, 2022 Beginning balance $ 19,519 $ — $ 6,861 $ 60 $ 12,180 $ 6,757 $ 45,377 Provision for (recoveries of) loan losses 359 323 (337) — 1,272 (376) 1,241 Purchased financial assets with credit deterioration — 5,000 — — — — 5,000 Charge-offs and sales — — — — (173) — (173) Recoveries — — — — (46) (155) (201) Ending balance $ 19,878 $ 5,323 $ 6,524 $ 60 $ 13,233 $ 6,226 $ 51,244 Three Months Ended March 31, 2021 Beginning balance $ 14,588 $ — $ 7,629 $ 52 14,600 $ 9,863 $ 46,732 Provision for (recoveries of) loan losses 2,469 — 124 8 (355) (1,683) 563 Charge-offs and sales — — (1,000) — (658) — (1,658) Recoveries — — — — 12 — 12 Ending balance $ 17,057 $ — $ 6,753 $ 60 $ 13,599 $ 8,180 $ 45,649 The table above excludes $0.6 million and $0.4 million of allowance for loan losses on unfunded lending commitments as of March 31, 2022 and March 31, 2021, respectively. Refer to Note 3 – Summary of Significant Accounting Policies for more information on our accounting policies, methodologies and judgment applied to determine the allowance for loan losses and lending commitments. Non-accrual loans A loan is placed on nonaccrual status when it is probable that principal and interest will not be collected under the original contractual terms. At that time, interest income is no longer accrued. The table below presents information on non-accrual loans. (in thousands) March 31, 2022 December 31, 2021 Non-accrual loans With an allowance $ 107,378 $ 71,645 Without an allowance 76,531 27,858 Total recorded carrying value of non-accrual loans $ 183,909 $ 99,503 Allowance for loan losses related to non-accrual loans $ (21,172) $ (17,264) Unpaid principal balance of non-accrual loans $ 203,607 $ 119,554 March 31, 2022 March 31, 2021 Interest income on non-accrual loans for the three months ended $ 46 $ 615 Troubled debt restructurings A loan is classified as a TDR when there is a reasonable expectation that the original terms of the loan agreement will be modified by granting concessions to a borrower who is experiencing financial difficulty. Concessions typically include modifications to the interest rate, maturity date, timing of principal and interest payments and principal forgiveness. Modified loans that are classified as TDRs are individually evaluated and measured for impairment. The table below presents details on TDR loans by type. March 31, 2022 December 31, 2021 (in thousands) SBC SBA Total SBC SBA Total Carrying value of modified loans classified as TDRs: On accrual status $ 863 $ 11,769 $ 12,632 $ 284 $ 8,242 $ 8,526 On non-accrual status 9,581 7,495 17,076 11,220 11,409 22,629 Total carrying value of modified loans classified as TDRs $ 10,444 $ 19,264 $ 29,708 $ 11,504 $ 19,651 $ 31,155 Allowance for loan losses on loans classified as TDRs $ 45 $ 1,926 $ 1,971 $ 46 $ 2,626 $ 2,672 The table below presents TDR loan activity and the financial effects of these modifications by type. Three Months Ended March 31, 2022 Three Months Ended March 31, 2021 (in thousands, except number of loans) SBC SBA Total SBC SBA Total Number of loans permanently modified 1 3 4 1 7 8 Pre-modification recorded balance (a) $ 496 $ 466 $ 962 $ 1,276 $ 1,442 $ 2,718 Post-modification recorded balance (a) $ 496 $ 154 $ 650 $ 1,276 $ 975 $ 2,251 Number of loans that remain in default (b) 1 — 1 — — — Balance of loans that remain in default (b) $ 496 $ — $ 496 $ — $ — $ — Concession granted (a) : Term extension $ — $ 154 $ 154 $ — $ 974 $ 974 Interest rate reduction — — — — — — Principal reduction — — — — — — Foreclosure 496 — 496 1,276 — 1,276 Total $ 496 $ 154 $ 650 $ 1,276 $ 974 $ 2,250 (a) Represents carrying value. (b) Represents carrying values of the TDRs that occurred during the respective periods ended and remained in default as of the current period ended. Generally, all loans modified in a TDR are placed or remain on non-accrual status at the time of the restructuring. However, certain accruing loans modified in a TDR that are current at the time of restructuring may remain on accrual status if payment in full under the restructured terms is expected. For purposes of this schedule, a loan is considered in default if it is 30 or more days past due. The remaining elements of the Company’s modification programs are generally considered insignificant and do not have a material impact on financial results. For loans that the Company determines foreclosure of the collateral is probable, expected losses are measured based on the difference between the fair value of the collateral and the amortized cost basis of the loan as of the measurement date. As of March 31, 2022 and December 31, 2021, the Company’s total carrying amount of loans in the foreclosure process was $0.7 million and $2.3 million, respectively. PCD loans During the three months ended March 31, 2022 the Company acquired credit deteriorated loans in connection with the Mosaic Mergers. The table below presents details on PCD loans. (in thousands) Three Months Ended March 31, 2022 Unpaid principal balance $ 21,960 Allowance for credit losses at the acquisition date (5,000) Non-credit premium at acquisition 5,000 Purchase price of loans classified as PCD $ 21,960 |