Loans and Allowance for Credit Losses | Note 6. Loans and allowance for credit losses Loans includes (i) loans held for investment that are accounted for at amortized cost net of allowance for credit losses or (ii) loans held at fair value under the fair value option and (iii) loans held for sale at fair value that are accounted for at the lower of cost or fair value. The classification for a loan is based on product type and management’s strategy for the loan. Loans with the “Other” classification are generally SBC acquired loans that have nonconforming characteristics for the Fixed rate, Bridge, Construction, or Freddie Mac classifications due to loan size, rate type, collateral, or borrower criteria. Loan portfolio The table below summarizes the classification, UPB, and carrying value of loans held by the Company including loans of consolidated VIEs. June 30, 2023 December 31, 2022 (in thousands) Carrying Value UPB Carrying Value UPB Loans Bridge $ 1,402,220 $ 1,403,510 $ 2,236,333 $ 2,247,173 Fixed rate 183,991 177,774 182,415 175,285 Construction 1,334,225 1,345,230 445,814 448,923 Freddie Mac 9,969 9,861 10,040 9,932 SBA - 7(a) 490,025 509,312 491,532 509,672 Residential 3,932 3,932 4,511 4,511 Other 224,183 228,232 266,702 270,748 Total Loans, before allowance for loan losses $ 3,648,545 $ 3,677,851 $ 3,637,347 $ 3,666,244 Allowance for loan losses $ (77,025) $ — $ (61,037) $ — Total Loans, net $ 3,571,520 $ 3,677,851 $ 3,576,310 $ 3,666,244 Loans in consolidated VIEs Bridge $ 5,766,352 $ 5,799,191 $ 5,098,539 $ 5,134,790 Fixed rate 816,223 816,566 856,345 856,914 SBA - 7(a) 55,731 60,867 64,226 70,904 Other 286,350 287,197 322,070 322,975 Total Loans, in consolidated VIEs, before allowance for loan losses $ 6,924,656 $ 6,963,821 $ 6,341,180 $ 6,385,583 Allowance for loan losses on loans in consolidated VIEs $ (35,129) $ — $ (29,482) $ — Total Loans, net, in consolidated VIEs $ 6,889,527 $ 6,963,821 $ 6,311,698 $ 6,385,583 Loans, held for sale, at fair value Fixed rate $ 56,680 $ 68,280 $ 60,551 $ 68,280 Freddie Mac 8,601 8,556 13,791 13,611 SBA - 7(a) 33,881 31,777 44,037 41,674 Residential 134,168 133,655 134,642 133,635 Other 5,334 5,245 5,356 4,414 Total Loans, held for sale, at fair value $ 238,664 $ 247,513 $ 258,377 $ 261,614 Total Loans, net and Loans, held for sale, at fair value $ 10,699,711 $ 10,889,185 $ 10,146,385 $ 10,313,441 Paycheck Protection Program loans Paycheck Protection Program loans, held-for-investment $ 94,439 $ 97,968 $ 186,409 $ 196,222 Paycheck Protection Program loans, held at fair value 172 172 576 576 Total Paycheck Protection Program loans $ 94,611 $ 98,140 $ 186,985 $ 196,798 Total Loan portfolio $ 10,794,322 $ 10,987,325 $ 10,333,370 $ 10,510,239 Loan vintage and credit quality indicators The Company monitors the credit quality of its loan portfolio based on primary credit quality indicators, such as delinquency rates. Loans that are 30 days or more past due, provide an indication of the borrower’s capacity and willingness to meet its financial obligations. In the tables below, Total Loans, net includes Loans, net in consolidated VIEs and a specific allowance for loan losses of $48.5 million, including $27.6 million of reserves of PCD loans as of June 30, 2023, and $32.8 million, including $16.0 million of reserves of PCD loans, as of December 31, 2022. The tables below summarize the classification, UPB and carrying value of loans by year of origination. Carrying Value by Year of Origination (in thousands) UPB 2023 2022 2021 2020 2019 Pre 2019 Total June 30, 2023 Bridge $ 7,202,701 $ 217,900 $ 2,967,747 $ 3,322,030 $ 323,328 $ 192,187 $ 134,385 $ 7,157,577 Fixed rate 994,340 4,008 96,750 153,782 91,441 330,915 320,163 997,059 Construction 1,345,230 75,999 272,951 282,065 111,473 427,253 136,756 1,306,497 Freddie Mac 9,861 — — 3,850 6,119 — — 9,969 SBA - 7(a) 570,179 46,018 106,842 73,208 35,189 68,946 210,144 540,347 Residential 3,932 1,242 2,175 151 — — 364 3,932 Other 515,429 1,751 5,447 22,340 8,813 44,461 426,521 509,333 Total Loans, before general allowance for loan losses $ 10,641,672 $ 346,918 $ 3,451,912 $ 3,857,426 $ 576,363 $ 1,063,762 $ 1,228,333 $ 10,524,714 General allowance for loan losses $ (63,667) Total Loans, net $ 10,461,047 UPB 2022 2021 2020 2019 2018 Pre 2018 Total December 31, 2022 Bridge $ 7,381,963 $ 2,942,695 $ 3,575,213 $ 355,647 $ 288,957 $ 137,463 $ 27,971 $ 7,327,946 Fixed rate 1,032,199 96,897 154,077 92,080 343,500 134,666 213,406 1,034,626 Construction 448,923 27,532 — 10,000 348,622 42,651 — 428,805 Freddie Mac 9,932 — 3,891 6,149 — — — 10,040 SBA - 7(a) 580,576 110,549 79,946 36,853 77,449 89,085 158,378 552,260 Residential 4,511 1,719 725 361 422 678 606 4,511 Other 593,723 5,893 17,015 10,393 74,762 13,832 465,635 587,530 Total Loans, before general allowance for loan losses $ 10,051,827 $ 3,185,285 $ 3,830,867 $ 511,483 $ 1,133,712 $ 418,375 $ 865,996 $ 9,945,718 General allowance for loan losses $ (57,710) Total Loans, net $ 9,888,008 The tables below present delinquency information on loans, net by year of origination. Carrying Value by Year of Origination (in thousands) UPB 2023 2022 2021 2020 2019 Pre 2019 Total June 30, 2023 Current and less than 30 days past due $ 10,075,644 $ 346,523 $ 3,440,511 $ 3,773,221 $ 543,836 $ 901,519 $ 1,001,739 $ 10,007,349 30 - 59 days past due 38,252 60 6,559 30,319 — 1,971 42,050 80,959 60+ days past due 527,776 335 4,842 53,886 32,527 160,272 184,544 436,406 Total Loans, before general allowance for loan losses $ 10,641,672 $ 346,918 $ 3,451,912 $ 3,857,426 $ 576,363 $ 1,063,762 $ 1,228,333 $ 10,524,714 General allowance for loan losses $ (63,667) Total Loans, net $ 10,461,047 UPB 2022 2021 2020 2019 2018 Pre 2018 Total December 31, 2022 Current and less than 30 days past due $ 9,666,328 $ 3,099,822 $ 3,826,140 $ 501,168 $ 1,061,145 $ 298,208 $ 810,322 $ 9,596,805 30 - 59 days past due 111,992 85,403 3,483 1,634 6,654 11,190 1,948 110,312 60+ days past due 273,507 60 1,244 8,681 65,913 108,977 53,726 238,601 Total Loans, before general allowance for loan losses $ 10,051,827 $ 3,185,285 $ 3,830,867 $ 511,483 $ 1,133,712 $ 418,375 $ 865,996 $ 9,945,718 General allowance for loan losses $ (57,710) Total Loans, net $ 9,888,008 The table below presents the gross write-offs recorded in the current period for loans by year of origination. (in thousands) Three Months Ended June 30, 2023 Six Months Ended June 30, 2023 2023 $ — $ — 2022 24 147 2021 29 169 2020 — 176 2019 294 294 Pre-2019 1,459 19,242 Total $ 1,806 $ 20,028 The table below presents delinquency information on loans, net by portfolio. (in thousands) Current 30-59 days past due 60+ days past due Total Non-Accrual Loans 90+ days past due and Accruing June 30, 2023 Bridge $ 6,948,262 $ 28,750 $ 180,565 $ 7,157,577 $ 199,545 $ — Fixed rate 970,799 5,814 20,446 997,059 16,487 — Construction 1,059,255 43,200 204,042 1,306,497 252,213 — Freddie Mac 6,876 — 3,093 9,969 3,093 — SBA - 7(a) 526,669 148 13,530 540,347 23,596 — Residential 2,684 324 924 3,932 925 — Other 492,804 2,723 13,806 509,333 25,532 — Total Loans, before general allowance for loan losses $ 10,007,349 $ 80,959 $ 436,406 $ 10,524,714 $ 521,391 $ — General allowance for loan losses $ (63,667) Total Loans, net $ 10,461,047 Percentage of loans outstanding 95.2% 0.7% 4.1% 100% 5.0% 0.0% December 31, 2022 Bridge $ 7,120,162 $ 94,823 $ 112,961 $ 7,327,946 $ 113,360 $ — Fixed rate 993,832 8,101 32,693 1,034,626 28,719 — Construction 372,812 — 55,993 428,805 55,993 — Freddie Mac 6,947 — 3,093 10,040 3,093 — SBA - 7(a) 541,378 6,690 4,192 552,260 12,790 — Residential 2,871 — 1,640 4,511 1,306 — Other 558,803 698 28,029 587,530 27,544 — Total Loans, before general allowance for loan losses $ 9,596,805 $ 110,312 $ 238,601 $ 9,945,718 $ 242,805 $ — General allowance for loan losses $ (57,710) Total Loans, net $ 9,888,008 Percentage of loans outstanding 96.5% 1.1% 2.4% 100% 2.4% 0.0% In addition to delinquency rates, the current estimated LTV ratio, geographic distribution of the loan collateral and collateral concentration are primary credit quality indicators that provide insight into a borrower’s capacity and willingness to meet its financial obligation. High LTV loans tend to have higher delinquency rates than loans where the borrower has equity in the collateral. The geographic distribution of the loan collateral considers factors such as the regional economy, property price changes and specific events such as natural disasters, which will affect credit quality. The collateral concentration of the loan portfolio considers economic factors or events may have a more pronounced impact on certain sectors or property types. The table below presents quantitative information on the credit quality of loans, net. LTV (1) (in thousands) 0.0 – 20.0% 20.1 – 40.0% 40.1 – 60.0% 60.1 – 80.0% 80.1 – 100.0% Greater than 100.0% Total June 30, 2023 Bridge $ — $ 69,662 $ 638,417 $ 6,218,546 $ 208,038 $ 22,914 $ 7,157,577 Fixed rate 7,429 35,778 410,700 514,851 24,556 3,745 997,059 Construction 48,129 113,917 371,327 673,033 58,348 41,743 1,306,497 Freddie Mac — — 3,025 6,944 — — 9,969 SBA - 7(a) 8,042 46,212 86,944 178,858 86,308 133,983 540,347 Residential — 636 711 1,330 412 843 3,932 Other 138,329 180,380 96,322 64,214 25,134 4,954 509,333 Total Loans, before general allowance for loan losses $ 201,929 $ 446,585 $ 1,607,446 $ 7,657,776 $ 402,796 $ 208,182 $ 10,524,714 General allowance for loan losses $ (63,667) Total Loans, net $ 10,461,047 Percentage of loans outstanding 1.9% 4.2% 15.3% 73.0% 3.8% 1.8% December 31, 2022 Bridge $ 717 $ 104,606 $ 700,835 $ 6,331,353 $ 167,521 $ 22,914 $ 7,327,946 Fixed rate 9,102 35,459 386,040 578,456 17,056 8,513 1,034,626 Construction 10,817 12,910 26,387 349,085 24,142 5,464 428,805 Freddie Mac — — 3,056 6,984 — — 10,040 SBA - 7(a) 7,275 45,366 92,592 189,733 78,577 138,717 552,260 Residential — 934 300 901 1,716 660 4,511 Other 173,720 214,370 115,934 70,124 8,153 5,229 587,530 Total Loans, before general allowance for loan losses $ 201,631 $ 413,645 $ 1,325,144 $ 7,526,636 $ 297,165 $ 181,497 $ 9,945,718 General allowance for loan losses $ (57,710) Total Loans, net $ 9,888,008 Percentage of loans outstanding 2.0% 4.2% 13.3% 75.7% 3.0% 1.8% (1) LTV is calculated using carrying amount as a percentage of current collateral value The table below presents the geographic concentration of loans, net, secured by real estate. Geographic Concentration (% of UPB) June 30, 2023 December 31, 2022 Texas 19.5 % 20.1 % California 10.1 11.1 Georgia 6.7 7.6 Florida 6.5 6.3 Arizona 6.1 6.8 Oregon 5.1 4.4 New York 4.8 5.5 North Carolina 4.1 4.2 Illinois 3.8 3.9 Washington 3.4 1.6 Other 29.9 28.5 Total 100.0 % 100.0 % The table below presents the collateral type concentration of loans, net. Collateral Concentration (% of UPB) June 30, 2023 December 31, 2022 Multi-family 65.1 % 67.0 % Mixed Use 7.6 8.1 SBA 5.4 5.8 Retail 5.0 5.5 Office 4.6 4.9 Industrial 4.5 5.0 Residential 2.6 0.4 Other 5.2 3.3 Total 100.0 % 100.0 % The table below presents the collateral type concentration of SBA loans within loans, net. Collateral Concentration (% of UPB) June 30, 2023 December 31, 2022 Lodging 22.6 % 14.6 % Gasoline Service Stations 7.8 2.5 Offices of Physicians 7.3 7.5 Eating Places 7.3 3.7 Child Day Care Services 6.7 5.7 General Freight Trucking, Local 2.4 2.5 Grocery Stores 1.9 1.6 Veterinarians 1.6 1.6 Funeral Service & Crematories 1.3 1.2 Coin-Operated Laundries and Drycleaners 0.9 0.8 Other 40.2 58.3 Total 100.0 % 100.0 % Allowance for credit losses The allowance for credit losses consists of the allowance for losses on loans and lending commitments accounted for at amortized cost. Such loans and lending commitments are reviewed quarterly considering credit quality indicators, including probable and historical losses, collateral values, LTV ratios, and economic conditions. The table below presents the allowance for loan losses by loan product and impairment methodology. (in thousands) Bridge Fixed Rate Construction SBA - 7(a) Residential Other Total Allowance for loan losses June 30, 2023 General $ 32,862 $ 9,048 $ 8,197 $ 11,400 $ — $ 2,160 $ 63,667 Specific 10,995 3,156 111 5,409 — 1,199 20,870 PCD — — 27,617 — — 27,617 Ending balance $ 43,857 $ 12,204 $ 35,925 $ 16,809 $ — $ 3,359 $ 112,154 December 31, 2022 General $ 42,979 $ 2,397 $ 325 $ 10,801 $ — $ 1,208 $ 57,710 Specific 6,926 4,134 1,037 3,498 — 1,242 16,837 PCD — — 15,972 — — — 15,972 Ending balance $ 49,905 $ 6,531 $ 17,334 $ 14,299 $ — $ 2,450 $ 90,519 The table below presents a summary of the changes in the allowance for loan losses. (in thousands) Bridge Fixed Rate Construction SBA - 7(a) Residential Other Total Allowance for loan losses Three Months Ended June 30, 2023 Beginning balance $ 40,319 $ 9,085 $ 373 $ 15,110 $ — $ 2,893 $ 67,780 Provision for loan losses 3,538 4,523 7,935 2,012 — 466 18,474 PCD — — 27,617 — — — 27,617 Charge-offs and sales — (1,404) — (402) — — (1,806) Recoveries — — — 89 — — 89 Ending balance $ 43,857 $ 12,204 $ 35,925 $ 16,809 $ — $ 3,359 $ 112,154 Three Months Ended June 30, 2022 Beginning balance $ 19,878 $ 6,524 $ 5,323 $ 13,233 60 $ 6,226 $ 51,244 Provision for (recoveries of) loan losses (1,485) (302) (201) 219 (3) (2,956) (4,728) Charge-offs and sales — — — (326) — (7) (333) Recoveries — — — — — (58) (58) Ending balance $ 18,393 $ 6,222 $ 5,122 $ 13,126 $ 57 $ 3,205 $ 46,125 Six Months Ended June 30, 2023 Beginning balance $ 49,905 $ 6,531 $ 17,334 $ 14,299 $ — $ 2,450 $ 90,519 Provision for (recoveries of) loan losses (5,437) 7,177 7,872 3,407 — 909 13,928 PCD — — 27,617 — — — 27,617 Charge-offs and sales (611) (1,504) (16,898) (1,015) — — (20,028) Recoveries — — — 118 — — 118 Ending balance $ 43,857 $ 12,204 $ 35,925 $ 16,809 $ — $ 3,359 $ 112,154 Six Months Ended June 30, 2022 Beginning balance $ 19,519 $ 6,861 $ — $ 12,180 $ 60 $ 6,757 $ 45,377 Provision for (recoveries of) loan losses (1,126) (639) 122 1,491 (3) (3,332) (3,487) PCD — — 5,000 — — 5,000 Charge-offs and sales — — — (499) — (7) (506) Recoveries — — — (46) — (213) (259) Ending balance $ 18,393 $ 6,222 $ 5,122 $ 13,126 $ 57 $ 3,205 $ 46,125 The table above excludes $3.6 million and $0.9 million of allowance for loan losses on unfunded lending commitments as of June 30, 2023 and June 30, 2022, respectively. Refer to Note 3 – Summary of Significant Accounting Policies for more information on accounting policies, methodologies and judgment applied to determine the allowance for loan losses and lending commitments. Non-accrual loans A loan is placed on nonaccrual status when it is probable that principal and interest will not be collected under the original contractual terms. At that time, interest income is no longer accrued. The table below presents information on non-accrual loans. (in thousands) June 30, 2023 December 31, 2022 Non-accrual loans With an allowance $ 445,369 $ 197,101 Without an allowance 76,022 45,704 Total recorded carrying value of non-accrual loans $ 521,391 $ 242,805 Allowance for loan losses related to non-accrual loans $ (48,471) $ (32,809) UPB of non-accrual loans $ 577,175 $ 278,401 June 30, 2023 June 30, 2022 Interest income on non-accrual loans for the three months ended $ 6,841 $ 365 Interest income on non-accrual loans for the six months ended $ 14,689 $ 1,773 PCD loans On May 31, 2023, the Company acquired PCD loans in connection with the Broadmark Merger. Refer to Note 5 for assets acquired and liabilities assumed in the Merger. The table below presents a reconciliation of the Company’s purchase price with the par value of the purchased loans. (in thousands) May 31, 2023 Unpaid principal balance $ 244,932 Allowance for credit losses (27,617) Non-credit discount (6,035) Purchase price of loans classified as PCD $ 211,280 Loan modifications made to borrowers experiencing financial difficulty In certain situations, the Company may provide loan modifications to borrowers experiencing financial difficulty. These modifications may include interest rate reductions, principal forgiveness, term extensions, and other-than-insignificant payment delay intended to minimize the Company's economic loss and to avoid foreclosure or repossession of collateral. The table below presents loan modifications made to borrowers experiencing financial difficulty. Three Months Ended June 30, 2023 (in thousands) Carrying Value % of Total Carrying Value of Loans, net Financial Effect SBC loans modified during the period ended Term extension $ 381,895 3.65 % 18 months added to the weighted average life of the loans SBA loans modified during the period ended Term extension $ 7 0.00 % 3.0 years added to the weighted average life of the loans Other-than-insignificant payment delay 126 0.00 9 months of payment deferral Six Months Ended June 30, 2023 Carrying Value % of Total Carrying Value of Loans, net Financial Effect SBC loans modified during the period ended Term extension $ 405,246 3.87 % 18 months added to the weighted average life of the loans Combination - Term extension and other-than-insignificant payment delay 28,369 0.27 12 months of payment deferral and 1.5 years added to the weighted average life of the loan SBA loans modified during the period ended Term extension $ 17 0.00 % 5.8 years added to the weighted average life of the loans Other-than-insignificant payment delay 805 0.01 7 months of payment deferral The Company monitors the performance of loans modified to borrowers experiencing financial difficulty. The table below presents the performance of loans that have been modified in the last 12 months to borrowers experiencing financial difficulty. The Company considers loans that are 30 days past due to be in payment default. Three Months Ended June 30, 2023 (in thousands) Current 30-59 days past due 60+ days past due Total SBC Term extension $ 357,384 $ — $ 24,511 $ 381,895 SBA Term extension $ 7 $ — $ — $ 7 Other-than-insignificant payment delay 126 — — 126 Six Months Ended June 30, 2023 Current 30-59 days past due 60+ days past due Total SBC Term extension $ 380,735 $ — $ 24,511 $ 405,246 Combination - Term extension and other-than-insignificant payment delay — — 28,369 28,369 SBA Term extension $ 9 $ — $ 8 $ 17 Other-than-insignificant payment delay 805 — — 805 As of June 30, 2023, the Company did not have any lending commitments to borrowers experiencing financial difficulty for which the Company has modified the loan terms. The Company's allowance for loan losses reflects our estimate of expected life-time loan losses, which considers historical loan losses including losses from modified loans to borrowers experiencing financial difficulty. The Company continues to estimate the allowance for loan losses after modification using loan-specific inputs. |