| Document and Entity Information | Nov. 04, 2020 |
| Cover [Abstract] | |
| Document Type | 8-K |
| Amendment Flag | false |
| Document Period End Date | Nov. 4, 2020 |
| Entity Registrant Name | SYNLOGIC, INC. |
| Entity Central Index Key | 0001527599 |
| Entity Incorporation, State or Country Code | DE |
| Entity File Number | 001-37566 |
| Entity Tax Identification Number | 26-1824804 |
| Entity Address, Address Line One | 301 Binney St. |
| Entity Address, Address Line Two | Suite 402 |
| Entity Address, City or Town | Cambridge |
| Entity Address, State or Province | MA |
| Entity Address, Postal Zip Code | 02142 |
| City Area Code | 617 |
| Local Phone Number | 401-9975 |
| Written Communications | false |
| Soliciting Material | false |
| Pre-commencement Tender Offer | false |
| Pre-commencement Issuer Tender Offer | false |
| Title of 12(b) Security | Common Stock |
| Trading Symbol | SYBX |
| Security Exchange Name | NASDAQ |
| Entity Emerging Growth Company | true |
| Entity Ex Transition Period | true |
