Loans Receivable and Allowance For Loan Losses | NOTE 3 - LOANS RECEIVABLE AND ALLOWANCE FOR LOAN LOSSES The composition of the loan portfolio was as follows at March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019: March 31, December 31, REAL ESTATE LOANS 2020 2019 Commercial $ 220,509 $ 210,749 Construction and development 168,658 179,654 Home equity 37,503 38,167 One-to-four-family (excludes loans held for sale) 305,436 261,539 Multi-family 130,570 133,931 Total real estate loans 862,676 824,040 CONSUMER LOANS Indirect home improvement 261,566 254,691 Marine 69,473 67,179 Other consumer 4,056 4,340 Total consumer loans 335,095 326,210 COMMERCIAL BUSINESS LOANS Commercial and industrial 149,086 140,531 Warehouse lending 65,017 61,112 Total commercial business loans 214,103 201,643 Total loans receivable, gross 1,411,874 1,351,893 Allowance for loan losses (16,872) (13,229) Deferred costs and fees, net (3,425) (3,273) Premiums on purchased loans, net 1,493 955 Total loans receivable, net $ 1,393,070 $ 1,336,346 Most of the Company’s commercial and multi-family real estate, construction, residential, and/or commercial business lending activities are with customers located in Western Washington and near the loan production office located in the Tri-Cities, Washington. The Company originates real estate, consumer, and commercial business loans and has concentrations in these areas, however, indirect home improvement loans, including solar-related home improvement loans, are originated through a network of home improvement contractors and dealers located throughout Washington, Oregon, California, Idaho, Colorado, Arizona, and just recently, Minnesota and Nevada. Loans are generally secured by collateral and rights to collateral vary and are legally documented to the extent practicable. Local economic conditions may affect borrowers’ ability to meet the stated repayment terms. At March 31, 2020, the Bank held approximately $706.4 million in loans that qualify as collateral for FHLB advances, compared to approximately $646.1 million at December 31, 2019. The Bank held approximately $327.4 million in loans that qualify as collateral for the Federal Reserve Bank line of credit at March 31, 2020, compared to approximately $318.8 million at December 31, 2019. The Company has defined its loan portfolio into three segments that reflect the structure of the lending function, the Company’s strategic plan and the manner in which management monitors performance and credit quality. The three loan portfolio segments are: (a) Real Estate Loans, (b) Consumer Loans, and (c) Commercial Business Loans. Each of these segments is disaggregated into classes based on the risk characteristics of the borrower and/or the collateral type securing the loan. The following is a summary of each of the Company’s loan portfolio segments and classes: Real Estate Loans Commercial Lending . Loans originated by the Company primarily secured by income producing properties, including retail centers, warehouses, and office buildings located in our market areas. Construction and Development Lending . Loans originated by the Company for the construction of, and secured by, commercial real estate, one-to-four-family, and multi-family residences and tracts of land for development that are not pre-sold. A small portion of the one-to-four-family construction portfolio is custom construction loans to the intended occupant of the residence. Home Equity Lending . Loans originated by the Company secured by second mortgages on one-to-four-family residences, including home equity lines of credit in our market areas. One-to-Four-Family Real Estate Lending . One-to-four-family residential loans include owner occupied properties (including second homes), and non-owner occupied properties with four or less units. These loans originated by the Company or purchased from banks are secured by first mortgages on one-to-four-family residences in our market areas that the Company intends to hold (excludes loans held for sale). Multi-Family Lending . Apartment term lending (five or more units) to current banking customers and community reinvestment loans for low to moderate income individuals in the Company’s footprint. Consumer Loans Indirect Home Improvement . Fixture secured loans for home improvement are originated by the Company through its network of home improvement contractors and dealers and are secured by the personal property installed in, on, or at the borrower’s real property, and may be perfected with a UCC‑2 financing statement filed in the county of the borrower’s residence. These indirect home improvement loans include replacement windows, siding, roofing, pools, and other home fixture installations, including solar related home improvement projects. Marine . Loans originated by the Company, secured by boats, to borrowers primarily located in the states we originate consumer loans. Other Consumer. Loans originated by the Company to consumers in our retail branch footprint, including automobiles, recreational vehicles, direct home improvement loans, loans on deposits, and other consumer loans, primarily consisting of personal lines of credit and credit cards. Commercial Business Loans Commercial and Industrial Lending (“C&I”) . Loans originated by the Company to local small- and mid-sized businesses in our Puget Sound market area are secured primarily by accounts receivable, inventory, or personal property, plant and equipment. Some of the C&I loans purchased by the Company are outside of the Greater Puget Sound market area. C&I loans are made on the basis of the borrower’s ability to make repayment from the cash flow of the borrower’s business. Warehouse Lending . Loans originated to non-depository financial institutions and secured by notes originated by the non-depository financial institution. The Company has two distinct warehouse lending divisions: commercial warehouse re-lending secured by notes on construction loans and mortgage warehouse re-lending secured by notes on one-to-four-family loans. The Company’s commercial construction warehouse lines are secured by notes on construction loans and typically guaranteed by principals with experience in construction lending. Mortgage warehouse lending loans are funded through third-party residential mortgage bankers. Under this program the Company provides short-term funding to the mortgage banking companies for the purpose of originating residential mortgage loans for sale into the secondary market. The following tables detail activity in the allowance for loan losses by loan categories at or for the three months ended March 31, 2020 and 2019: At or For the Three Months Ended March 31, 2020 Commercial ALLOWANCE FOR LOAN LOSSES Real Estate Consumer Business Unallocated Total Beginning balance $ 6,206 $ 3,766 $ 3,254 $ 3 $ 13,229 Provision for loan losses 1,019 660 824 1,183 3,686 Charge-offs — (370) (11) — (381) Recoveries 18 143 177 — 338 Net recoveries (charge-offs) 18 (227) 166 — (43) Ending balance $ 7,243 $ 4,199 $ 4,244 $ 1,186 $ 16,872 Period end amount allocated to: Loans individually evaluated for impairment $ 15 $ 231 $ — $ — $ 246 Loans collectively evaluated for impairment 7,228 3,968 4,244 1,186 16,626 Ending balance $ 7,243 $ 4,199 $ 4,244 $ 1,186 $ 16,872 LOANS RECEIVABLE Loans individually evaluated for impairment $ 2,528 $ 664 $ — $ — $ 3,192 Loans collectively evaluated for impairment 860,148 334,431 214,103 — 1,408,682 Ending balance $ 862,676 $ 335,095 $ 214,103 $ — $ 1,411,874 At or For the Three Months Ended March 31, 2019 Commercial ALLOWANCE FOR LOAN LOSSES Real Estate Consumer Business Unallocated Total Beginning balance $ 5,761 $ 3,351 $ 3,191 $ 46 $ 12,349 Provision (recapture) for loan losses 24 114 691 (79) 750 Charge-offs — (250) (1,152) — (1,402) Recoveries — 148 — — 148 Net charge-offs — (102) (1,152) — (1,254) Ending balance $ 5,785 $ 3,363 $ 2,730 $ (33) $ 11,845 Period end amount allocated to: Loans individually evaluated for impairment $ 173 $ 160 $ — $ — $ 333 Loans collectively evaluated for impairment 5,612 3,203 2,730 (33) 11,512 Ending balance $ 5,785 $ 3,363 $ 2,730 $ (33) $ 11,845 LOANS RECEIVABLE Loans individually evaluated for impairment $ 1,156 $ 457 $ 431 $ — $ 2,044 Loans collectively evaluated for impairment 832,259 283,959 178,808 — 1,295,026 Ending balance $ 833,415 $ 284,416 $ 179,239 $ — $ 1,297,070 Non-accrual and Past Due Loans . Loans are considered past due if the required principal and interest payments have not been received as of the date such payments were due. Loans are automatically placed on non-accrual once the loan is 90 days past due or sooner if, in management’s opinion, the borrower may be unable to meet payment obligations as they become due, or as required by regulatory authorities. The exception is the legacy Anchor Bank credit card portfolio which is serviced externally and loans are manually placed on non-accrual once the credit card payment is 90 days past due. As a result of the negative impact on employment from the COVID-19 pandemic, we are anticipating higher levels of financial hardship for our customers, which we expect will lead to higher levels of forbearance, delinquency and defaults. We expect that, left unabated, this deterioration in forbearance, delinquency and default rates will persist until such time as the economy and employment return to relatively normal levels. We assist customers with an array of payment programs during periods of financial hardship, including forbearance. Forbearance allows a borrower to temporarily not make scheduled payments or to make smaller than scheduled payments, in each case for a specified period of time. Forbearance does not grant any reduction in the total principal or interest repayment obligation. While a loan is in forbearance status, interest continues to accrue and is repaid over a specified time period when the loan re-enters repayment status. The following tables provide information pertaining to the aging analysis of contractually past due loans and non-accrual loans at March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019: March 31, 2020 30-59 60-89 Days Days 90 Days Total Total Past Past or More Past Loans Non- REAL ESTATE LOANS Due Due Past Due Due Current Receivable Accrual Commercial $ — $ — $ — $ — $ 220,509 $ 220,509 $ 1,083 Construction and development — — — — 168,658 168,658 — Home equity 204 289 220 713 36,790 37,503 220 One-to-four-family 2,203 — 1,112 3,315 302,121 305,436 1,225 Multi-family — — — — 130,570 130,570 — Total real estate loans 2,407 289 1,332 4,028 858,648 862,676 2,528 CONSUMER LOANS Indirect home improvement 654 266 171 1,091 260,475 261,566 533 Marine 14 — 124 138 69,335 69,473 124 Other consumer 22 12 2 36 4,020 4,056 7 Total consumer loans 690 278 297 1,265 333,830 335,095 664 COMMERCIAL BUSINESS LOANS Commercial and industrial — — — — 149,086 149,086 — Warehouse lending — — — — 65,017 65,017 — Total commercial business loans — — — — 214,103 214,103 — Total loans $ 3,097 $ 567 $ 1,629 $ 5,293 $ 1,406,581 $ 1,411,874 $ 3,192 December 31, 2019 30-59 60-89 Days Days 90 Days Total Total Past Past or More Past Loans Non- REAL ESTATE LOANS Due Due Past Due Due Current Receivable Accrual Commercial $ — $ — $ — $ — $ 210,749 $ 210,749 $ 1,086 Construction and development 533 — — 533 179,121 179,654 — Home equity 109 — 185 294 37,873 38,167 190 One-to-four-family 894 114 1,150 2,158 259,381 261,539 1,264 Multi-family — — — — 133,931 133,931 — Total real estate loans 1,536 114 1,335 2,985 821,055 824,040 2,540 CONSUMER LOANS Indirect home improvement 692 227 147 1,066 253,625 254,691 468 Marine 15 — — 15 67,164 67,179 — Other consumer 71 2 20 93 4,247 4,340 25 Total consumer loans 778 229 167 1,174 325,036 326,210 493 COMMERCIAL BUSINESS LOANS Commercial and industrial — — — — 140,531 140,531 — Warehouse lending — — — — 61,112 61,112 — Total commercial business loans — — — — 201,643 201,643 — Total loans $ 2,314 $ 343 $ 1,502 $ 4,159 $ 1,347,734 $ 1,351,893 $ 3,033 There were no loans 90 days or more past due and still accruing interest at March 31, 2020, or at December 31, 2019. The following tables provide additional information about our impaired loans that have been segregated to reflect loans for which an allowance for loan losses has been provided and loans for which no allowance was provided at March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019: March 31, 2020 Unpaid WITH NO RELATED ALLOWANCE RECORDED Principal Recorded Related Real estate loans: Balance Investment Allowance Commercial $ 1,094 $ 1,083 $ — Home equity 271 220 — One-to-four-family 1,193 1,165 — Consumer loans: Other consumer 5 5 — 2,563 2,473 — WITH RELATED ALLOWANCE RECORDED Real estate loans: One-to-four-family 61 60 15 Consumer loans: Indirect 533 533 187 Marine 124 124 43 Other consumer 2 2 1 720 719 246 Total $ 3,283 $ 3,192 $ 246 December 31, 2019 Unpaid WITH NO RELATED ALLOWANCE RECORDED Principal Recorded Related Real estate loans: Balance Investment Allowance Commercial $ 1,097 $ 1,086 $ — Home equity 278 225 — One-to-four-family 1,293 1,264 Consumer loans Other consumer 17 17 — 2,685 2,592 — WITH RELATED ALLOWANCE RECORDED Real estate loans: One-to-four-family 61 60 15 Consumer loans: Indirect 468 468 164 Other consumer 8 8 3 537 536 182 Total $ 3,222 $ 3,128 $ 182 The following tables present the average recorded investment in loans individually evaluated for impairment and the interest income recognized and received for the three months ended March 31, 2020 and 2019: At or For the Three Months Ended March 31, 2020 March 31, 2019 WITH NO RELATED ALLOWANCE RECORDED Average Recorded Interest Income Average Recorded Interest Income Real estate loans: Investment Recognized Investment Recognized Commercial $ 1,084 $ 8 $ — $ — Home equity 220 — 267 — One-to-four-family 1,230 5 830 15 Consumer loans: Other consumer 5 — — — Commercial business loans: Commercial and industrial — — 431 — 2,539 13 1,528 15 WITH RELATED ALLOWANCE RECORDED Real estate loans: One-to-four-family 60 — 1,156 — Consumer loans: Indirect 548 13 441 9 Marine 41 — 13 — Other consumer 1 — 5 — Commercial business loans: Commercial and industrial — — 1,152 7 650 13 2,767 16 Total $ 3,189 $ 26 $ 4,295 $ 31 Credit Quality Indicators As part of the Company’s on-going monitoring of credit quality of the loan portfolio, management tracks certain credit quality indicators including trends related to (i) the risk grading of loans, (ii) the level of classified loans, (iii) net charge-offs, (iv) non-performing loans, and (v) the general economic conditions in the Company’s markets. The Company utilizes a risk grading matrix to assign a risk grade to its real estate and commercial business loans. Loans are graded on a scale of 1 to 10, with loans in risk grades 1 to 6 considered “Pass” and loans in risk grades 7 to 10 are reported as classified loans in the Company’s allowance for loan loss analysis. A description of the 10 risk grades is as follows: · Grades 1 and 2 - These grades include loans to very high quality borrowers with excellent or desirable business credit. · Grade 3 - This grade includes loans to borrowers of good business credit with moderate risk. · Grades 4 and 5 - These grades include “Pass” grade loans to borrowers of average credit quality and risk. · Grade 6 - This grade includes loans on management’s “Watch” list and is intended to be utilized on a temporary basis for “Pass” grade borrowers where frequent and thorough monitoring is required due to credit weaknesses and where significant risk-modifying action is anticipated in the near term. · Grade 7 - This grade is for “Other Assets Especially Mentioned” (“OAEM”) in accordance with regulatory guidelines and includes borrowers where performance is poor or significantly less than expected. · Grade 8 - This grade includes “Substandard” loans in accordance with regulatory guidelines which represent an unacceptable business credit where a loss is possible if loan weakness is not corrected. · Grade 9 - This grade includes “Doubtful” loans in accordance with regulatory guidelines where a loss is highly probable. · Grade 10 - This grade includes “Loss” loans in accordance with regulatory guidelines for which total loss is expected and when identified are charged off. Consumer, Home Equity, and One-to-Four-Family Real Estate Loans Homogeneous loans are risk rated based upon the Federal Financial Institutions Examination Council’s Uniform Retail Credit Classification and Account Management Policy. Loans classified under this policy at the Company are consumer loans which include indirect home improvement, solar, marine, other consumer, and one-to-four-family first and second liens. Under the Uniform Retail Credit Classification Policy, loans that are current or less than 90 days past due are graded “Pass” and risk rated “4” or “5” internally. Loans that are past due more than 90 days are classified “Substandard” and risk rated “8” internally until the loan has demonstrated consistent performance, typically six months of contractual payments. Closed-end loans that are 120 days past due and open-end loans that are 180 days past due are charged off based on the value of the collateral less cost to sell. Commercial real estate, construction and development, multi-family and commercial business loans are evaluated individually for their risk classification and may be classified as “Substandard” even if current on their loan payment obligations. The following tables summarize risk rated loan balances by category at the dates indicated: March 31, 2020 Special Pass Watch Mention Substandard Doubtful Loss REAL ESTATE LOANS (1 - 5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10) Total Commercial $ 168,015 $ 46,802 $ 3,675 $ 2,017 $ — $ — $ 220,509 Construction and development 165,848 2,810 — — — — 168,658 Home equity 37,283 — — 220 — — 37,503 One-to-four-family 304,046 165 — 1,225 — — 305,436 Multi-family 130,570 — — — — — 130,570 Total real estate loans 805,762 49,777 3,675 3,462 — — 862,676 CONSUMER LOANS Indirect home improvement 261,033 — — 533 — — 261,566 Marine 69,349 — — 124 — — 69,473 Other consumer 4,049 — — 7 — — 4,056 Total consumer loans 334,431 — — 664 — — 335,095 COMMERCIAL BUSINESS LOANS Commercial and industrial 105,396 32,119 8,058 3,513 — — 149,086 Warehouse lending 61,202 3,815 — — — — 65,017 Total commercial business loans 166,598 35,934 8,058 3,513 — — 214,103 Total loans receivable, gross $ 1,306,791 $ 85,711 $ 11,733 $ 7,639 $ — $ — $ 1,411,874 December 31, 2019 Special Pass Watch Mention Substandard Doubtful Loss REAL ESTATE LOANS (1 - 5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10) Total Commercial $ 203,703 $ 2,274 $ 3,686 $ 1,086 $ — $ — $ 210,749 Construction and development 177,109 2,545 — — — — 179,654 Home equity 37,942 — 35 190 — — 38,167 One-to-four-family 259,580 635 60 1,264 — — 261,539 Multi-family 127,792 6,139 — — — — 133,931 Total real estate loans 806,126 11,593 3,781 2,540 — — 824,040 CONSUMER LOANS Indirect home improvement 254,223 — — 468 — — 254,691 Marine 67,179 — — — — — 67,179 Other consumer 4,315 — — 25 — — 4,340 Total consumer loans 325,717 — — 493 — — 326,210 COMMERCIAL BUSINESS LOANS Commercial and industrial 125,025 10,435 1,442 3,629 — — 140,531 Warehouse lending 61,112 — — — — — 61,112 Total commercial business loans 186,137 10,435 1,442 3,629 — — 201,643 Total loans receivable, gross $ 1,317,980 $ 22,028 $ 5,223 $ 6,662 $ — $ — $ 1,351,893 |