LOANS RECEIVABLE AND ALLOWANCE FOR CREDIT LOSSES ON LOANS | NOTE 3 - LOANS RECEIVABLE AND ALLOWANCE FOR CREDIT LOSSES ON LOANS The composition of the loan portfolio was as follows at the dates indicated: December 31, REAL ESTATE LOANS 2022 2021 Commercial $ 334,059 $ 264,429 Construction and development 342,591 240,553 Home equity 55,387 41,017 One-to-four-family (excludes loans held for sale) 469,485 366,146 Multi-family 219,738 178,158 Total real estate loans 1,421,260 1,090,303 CONSUMER LOANS Indirect home improvement 495,941 336,285 Marine 70,567 82,778 Other consumer 3,064 2,980 Total consumer loans 569,572 422,043 COMMERCIAL BUSINESS LOANS Commercial and industrial (includes Paycheck Protection Program ("PPP") loans) 196,791 208,552 Warehouse lending 31,229 33,277 Total commercial business loans 228,020 241,829 Total loans receivable, gross 2,218,852 1,754,175 Allowance for credit losses on loans (1) (27,992) (25,635) Total loans receivable, net $ 2,190,860 $ 1,728,540 ______________________________ (1) Allowance for credit losses on loans in 2022 is reported using the CECL method and the allowance for loan losses in 2021 is reported using the incurred loss method. Loan amounts are net of unearned loan fees in excess of unamortized costs and premiums of $7.8 million as of December 31, 2022 and $4.9 million as of December 31, 2021. Net loans include unamortized net discounts on acquired loans of $437,000 and $751,000 as of December 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively. Net loans do not include accrued interest receivable. Accrued interest receivable on loans was $9.6 million as of December 31, 2022 and $6.3 million as of December 31, 2021 and was reported in “Accrued interest receivable” on the Consolidated Balance Sheets. Most of the Company’s commercial and multi-family real estate, construction, residential, and commercial business lending activities are with customers located in Western Washington, near our newest loan production office in Vancouver, Washington, or near our loan production office located in the Tri-Cities, Washington. The Company originates real estate, consumer and commercial business loans, and has concentrations in these areas, however, indirect home improvement loans, including solar-related home improvement loans, are originated through a network of home improvement contractors and dealers located throughout Washington, Oregon, California, Idaho, Colorado, Arizona, Minnesota, Nevada, Texas, Utah, Massachusetts, and Montana. Loans are generally secured by collateral and rights to collateral vary and are legally documented to the extent practicable. Local economic conditions may affect borrowers’ ability to meet the stated repayment terms. At December 31, 2022, the Bank held approximately $840.2 million in loans that are pledged as collateral for FHLB advances, compared to approximately $761.6 million at December 31, 2021. The Bank held approximately $579.8 million in loans that are pledged as collateral for the FRB line of credit at December 31, 2022, compared to approximately $428.7 million at December 31, 2021. The Company has defined its loan portfolio into three segments that reflect the structure of the lending function, the Company’s strategic plan and the manner in which management monitors performance and credit quality. The three loan portfolio segments are: (a) Real Estate Loans, (b) Consumer Loans and (c) Commercial Business Loans. Each of these segments is disaggregated into classes based on the risk characteristics of the borrower and/or the collateral type securing the loan. The following is a summary of each of the Company’s loan portfolio segments and classes: Real Estate Loans Commercial Lending. Loans originated by the Company primarily secured by income producing properties, including retail centers, warehouses, and office buildings located in our market areas. Construction and Development Lending Home Equity Lending One-to-Four-Family Real Estate Lending Multi-family Lending Consumer Loans Indirect Home Improvement Marine. Other Consumer. Commercial Business Loans Commercial and Industrial Lending (“C&I”) Warehouse Lending The following tables detail activity in the allowance for credit losses on loans and the allowance for loan losses by loan categories, at or for the years indicated: At or For the Year Ended December 31, 2022 ALLOWANCE FOR CREDIT Real Commercial LOSSES ON LOANS Estate Consumer Business Unallocated Total Beginning balance, prior to adoption of ASC 326 $ 14,798 $ 4,280 $ 6,536 $ 21 $ 25,635 Impact of adopting ASC 326 (5,234) 6,078 (3,682) (21) (2,859) Provision for credit losses on loans 2,559 3,158 906 — 6,623 Loans charged-off — (2,465) — — (2,465) Recoveries — 1,058 — — 1,058 Net Charge-offs — (1,407) — — (1,407) Total ending allowance balance $ 12,123 $ 12,109 $ 3,760 $ — $ 27,992 At or For the Year Ended December 31, 2021 Real Commercial ALLOWANCE FOR LOAN LOSSES Estate Consumer Business Unallocated Total Beginning balance $ 13,846 $ 6,696 $ 4,939 $ 691 $ 26,172 Provision for (reversal of) loan losses 952 (1,417) 1,635 (670) 500 Loans charged-off — (1,755) (38) — (1,793) Recoveries — 756 — — 756 Net charge-offs — (999) (38) — (1,037) Total ending allowance balance $ 14,798 $ 4,280 $ 6,536 $ 21 $ 25,635 Period end amount allocated to: Loans individually evaluated for impairment $ 23 $ 219 $ 921 $ — $ 1,163 Loans collectively evaluated for impairment 14,775 4,061 5,615 21 24,472 Ending balance $ 14,798 $ 4,280 $ 6,536 $ 21 $ 25,635 LOANS RECEIVABLE Loans individually evaluated for impairment $ 781 $ 629 $ 4,419 $ — $ 5,829 Loans collectively evaluated for impairment 1,089,522 421,414 237,410 — 1,748,346 Ending balance $ 1,090,303 $ 422,043 $ 241,829 $ — $ 1,754,175 At or For the Year Ended December 31, 2020 Commercial ALLOWANCE FOR LOAN LOSSES Real Estate Consumer Business Unallocated Total Beginning balance $ 6,206 $ 3,766 $ 3,254 $ 3 $ 13,229 Provision for loan losses 7,622 3,372 1,354 688 13,036 Charge-offs — (1,101) (22) — (1,123) Recoveries 18 659 353 — 1,030 Net recoveries (charge-offs) 18 (442) 331 — (93) Ending balance $ 13,846 $ 6,696 $ 4,939 $ 691 $ 26,172 Period end amount allocated to: Loans individually evaluated for impairment $ 15 $ 305 $ 990 $ — $ 1,310 Loans collectively evaluated for impairment 13,831 6,391 3,949 691 24,862 Ending balance $ 13,846 $ 6,696 $ 4,939 $ 691 $ 26,172 LOANS RECEIVABLE Loans individually evaluated for impairment $ 1,280 $ 871 $ 5,610 $ — $ 7,761 Loans collectively evaluated for impairment 922,261 373,282 267,849 — 1,563,392 Ending balance $ 923,541 $ 374,153 $ 273,459 $ — $ 1,571,153 Nonaccrual and Past Due Loans TDR Loans The Company had two TDR loans on nonaccrual totaling $3.7 million at December 31, 2022, compared to none at December 31, 2021. The two nonaccrual loans at December 31, 2022, consisted of commercial business loans. The Company had no commitments to lend additional funds on these restructured loans. The TDRs were the result of interest rate modifications and extended payment terms. The Company has not forgiven any principal on these loans. There were no TDRs which incurred a payment default within twelve months of the restructure date during the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2021. The following tables provide information pertaining to the aging analysis of contractually past due loans and nonaccrual loans at the dates indicated: December 31, 2022 30-59 60-89 Days Days 90 Days Total Total Past Past or More Past Loans Non- REAL ESTATE LOANS Due Due Past Due Due Current Receivable Accrual (1) Commercial $ — $ — $ — $ — $ 334,059 $ 334,059 $ — Construction and development — — — — 342,591 342,591 — Home equity 29 104 16 149 55,238 55,387 46 One-to-four-family — — 463 463 469,022 469,485 920 Multi-family — — — — 219,738 219,738 — Total real estate loans 29 104 479 612 1,420,648 1,421,260 966 CONSUMER LOANS Indirect home improvement 2,298 685 532 3,515 492,426 495,941 1,076 Marine 650 385 86 1,121 69,446 70,567 267 Other consumer 32 37 5 74 2,990 3,064 9 Total consumer loans 2,980 1,107 623 4,710 564,862 569,572 1,352 COMMERCIAL BUSINESS LOANS Commercial and industrial 1 — 2,617 2,618 194,173 196,791 6,334 Warehouse lending — — — — 31,229 31,229 — Total commercial business loans 1 — 2,617 2,618 225,402 228,020 6,334 Total loans $ 3,010 $ 1,211 $ 3,719 $ 7,940 $ 2,210,912 $ 2,218,852 $ 8,652 December 31, 2021 30-59 60-89 Days Days 90 Days Total Total Past Past or More Past Loans Non- REAL ESTATE LOANS Due Due Past Due Due Current Receivable Accrual (1) Commercial $ — $ — $ — $ — $ 264,429 $ 264,429 $ — Construction and development — — — — 240,553 240,553 — Home equity — — 179 179 40,838 41,017 301 One-to-four-family 593 264 480 1,337 364,809 366,146 480 Multi-family — — — — 178,158 178,158 — Total real estate loans 593 264 659 1,516 1,088,787 1,090,303 781 CONSUMER LOANS Indirect home improvement 1,047 280 295 1,622 334,663 336,285 554 Marine 119 — — 119 82,659 82,778 57 Other consumer 11 2 18 31 2,949 2,980 18 Total consumer loans 1,177 282 313 1,772 420,271 422,043 629 COMMERCIAL BUSINESS LOANS Commercial and industrial 791 — — 791 207,761 208,552 4,419 Warehouse lending — — — — 33,277 33,277 — Total commercial business loans 791 — — 791 241,038 241,829 4,419 Total loans $ 2,561 $ 546 $ 972 $ 4,079 $ 1,750,096 $ 1,754,175 $ 5,829 ______________________________ (1) Includes past due loans as applicable. There were no loans 90 days or more past due and still accruing interest at both December 31, 2022 and 2021. Impaired Loans and the Allowance for Loan Losses - Financial Instruments - Credit Losses (Topic 326) The following table presents impaired loans with and without allowance reserves at December 31, 2021. Recorded investment includes the unpaid principal balance or the carrying amount of loans less charge-offs and net deferred loan fees. December 31, 2021 Unpaid WITH NO RELATED ALLOWANCE RECORDED Principal Recorded Related Real estate loans: Balance Investment Allowance Home equity $ 259 $ 227 $ — One-to-four-family 497 480 — 756 707 — WITH RELATED ALLOWANCE RECORDED Real estate loans: Home equity 92 74 23 Consumer loans: Indirect 551 554 193 Marine 56 57 20 Other consumer 18 18 6 Commercial business loans: Commercial and industrial 4,417 4,419 921 5,134 5,122 1,163 Total $ 5,890 $ 5,829 $ 1,163 The following table presents the average recorded investment in loans individually evaluated for impairment and the interest income recognized and received at and for the years indicated: At or For the Year Ended December 31, 2021 2020 WITH NO RELATED ALLOWANCE RECORDED Average Recorded Interest Income Average Recorded Interest Income Real estate loans: Investment Recognized Investment Recognized Commercial $ — $ — $ 996 $ — Construction and development 771 — — — Home equity 427 15 485 25 One-to-four-family 513 15 954 17 Consumer loans: Other consumer — — 3 — Commercial business loans: Commercial and industrial — — 100 37 1,711 30 2,538 79 WITH RELATED ALLOWANCE RECORDED Real estate loans: Home equity 57 — — — One-to-four-family 20 — 60 — Consumer loans: Indirect 643 38 675 60 Marine 77 6 40 3 Other consumer 8 1 1 — Commercial business loans: Commercial and industrial 4,779 276 2,531 162 5,584 321 3,307 225 Total $ 7,295 $ 351 $ 5,845 $ 304 Credit Quality Indicators As part of the Company’s on-going monitoring of credit quality of the loan portfolio, management tracks certain credit quality indicators including trends related to (i) the risk grading of loans, (ii) the level of classified loans, (iii) net charge-offs, (iv) nonperforming loans and (v) the general economic conditions in the Company’s markets. The Company utilizes a risk grading matrix to assign a risk grade to its real estate and commercial business loans. Loans are graded on a scale of 1 to 10, with loans in risk grades 1 to 6 considered “Pass” and loans in risk grades 7 to 10 are reported as classified loans in the Company’s allowance for loan loss analysis. A description of the 10 risk grades is as follows: ● Grades 1 and 2 - These grades include loans to very high quality borrowers with excellent or desirable business credit. ● Grade 3 - This grade includes loans to borrowers of good business credit with moderate risk. ● Grades 4 and 5 - These grades include “Pass” grade loans to borrowers of average credit quality and risk. ● Grade 6 - This grade includes loans on management’s “Watch” list and is intended to be utilized on a temporary basis for “Pass” grade borrowers where frequent and thorough monitoring is required due to credit weaknesses and where significant risk-modifying action is anticipated in the near term. ● Grade 7 - This grade is for “Other Assets Especially Mentioned (OAEM)” in accordance with regulatory guidelines and includes borrowers where performance is poor or significantly less than expected. ● Grade 8 - This grade includes “Substandard” loans in accordance with regulatory guidelines which represent an unacceptable business credit where a loss is possible if loan weakness is not corrected. ● Grade 9 - This grade includes “Doubtful” loans in accordance with regulatory guidelines where a loss is highly probable. ● Grade 10 - This grade includes “Loss” loans in accordance with regulatory guidelines for which total loss is expected and when identified are charged off. Homogeneous loans are risk rated based upon the Federal Financial Institutions Examination Council’s Uniform Retail Credit Classification and Account Management Policy. Loans classified under this policy at the Company are consumer loans which include indirect home improvement, solar, marine, other consumer, and one-to-four-family first and second liens. Under the Uniform Retail Credit Classification Policy, loans that are current or less than 90 days past due are graded “Pass” and risk graded “4” or “5” internally. Loans that are past due more than 90 days are classified “Substandard” risk graded “8” internally until the loan has demonstrated consistent performance, typically six months of contractual payments. Closed-end loans that are 120 days past due and open-end loans that are 180 days past due are charged off based on the value of the collateral less cost to sell. Management may choose to conservatively risk rate credits even if paying in accordance with the loan’s repayment terms. Commercial real estate, construction and development, multi-family and commercial business loans are evaluated individually for their risk classification and may be classified as “Substandard” even if current on their loan payment obligations. We regularly review our credits for accuracy of risk grades whenever we receive new information. Borrowers are generally required to submit financial information at regular intervals. Typically, commercial borrowers with lines of credit are required to submit financial information with reporting intervals ranging from monthly to annually depending on credit size, risk, and complexity. In addition, nonowner-occupied commercial real estate borrowers with loans exceeding a certain dollar threshold are usually required to submit rent rolls or property income statements annually. We monitor construction loans monthly. We also review loans graded “Watch” or worse, regardless of loan type, no less than quarterly. The following tables summarize risk rated loan balances by category as of December 31, 2022. Term loans that are renewed or extended for periods longer than 90 days are presented as new origination in the year of the most recent renewal or extension. December 31, 2022 Revolving Loans REAL ESTATE LOANS Term Loans by Year of Origination Converted Commercial 2022 2021 2020 2019 2018 Prior Revolving Loans to Term Total Loans Pass $ 86,189 $ 76,030 $ 46,125 $ 38,930 $ 14,101 $ 55,271 $ — $ — $ 316,646 Watch 9,504 — 373 — — — — — 9,877 Special mention — — — 2,113 — — — — 2,113 Substandard — — — — 581 4,842 — — 5,423 Total commercial 95,693 76,030 46,498 41,043 14,682 60,113 — — 334,059 Construction and development Pass 193,084 118,724 21,966 8,379 — 438 — — 342,591 Total construction and development 193,084 118,724 21,966 8,379 — 438 — — 342,591 Home equity Pass 4,978 1,696 6,818 11 1,203 1,572 39,063 — 55,341 Substandard — — — — 13 33 — — 46 Total home equity 4,978 1,696 6,818 11 1,216 1,605 39,063 — 55,387 One-to-four-family Pass 166,388 129,282 82,461 31,878 15,837 40,526 — 199 466,571 Substandard — — — — 1,941 973 — — 2,914 Total one-to-four-family 166,388 129,282 82,461 31,878 17,778 41,499 — 199 469,485 Multi-family Pass 41,041 63,353 48,376 38,805 4,176 23,987 — — 219,738 Total multi-family 41,041 63,353 48,376 38,805 4,176 23,987 — — 219,738 Total real estate loans $ 501,184 $ 389,085 $ 206,119 $ 120,116 $ 37,852 $ 127,642 $ 39,063 $ 199 $ 1,421,260 December 31, 2022 Revolving Loans CONSUMER LOANS Term Loans by Year of Origination Converted Indirect home improvement 2022 2021 2020 2019 2018 Prior Revolving Loans to Term Total Loans Pass $ 253,495 $ 123,264 $ 46,476 $ 31,251 $ 18,165 $ 22,205 $ 9 $ — $ 494,865 Substandard 347 213 137 62 169 148 — — 1,076 Total indirect home improvement 253,842 123,477 46,613 31,313 18,334 22,353 9 — 495,941 Marine Pass 27,904 11,762 15,139 6,224 5,415 3,856 — — 70,300 Substandard — — — 151 61 55 — — 267 Total marine 27,904 11,762 15,139 6,375 5,476 3,911 — — 70,567 Other consumer Pass 792 754 116 48 14 80 1,251 — 3,055 Substandard 1 5 — — — — 3 — 9 Total other consumer 793 759 116 48 14 80 1,254 — 3,064 Total consumer loans $ 282,539 $ 135,998 $ 61,868 $ 37,736 $ 23,824 $ 26,344 $ 1,263 $ — $ 569,572 December 31, 2022 COMMERCIAL Revolving Loans BUSINESS LOANS Term Loans by Year of Origination Converted Commercial and industrial 2022 2021 2020 2019 2018 Prior Revolving Loans to Term Total Loans Pass $ 24,337 $ 22,561 $ 12,461 $ 3,940 $ 3,074 $ 7,701 $ 104,524 $ — $ 178,598 Watch — 1,127 2,932 — — 746 1,327 — 6,132 Special mention — — — 634 — — 963 — 1,597 Substandard — 1,586 1,265 2,291 190 3,739 1,093 300 10,464 Total commercial and industrial 24,337 25,274 16,658 6,865 3,264 12,186 107,907 300 196,791 Warehouse lending Pass — — — — — — 31,227 — 31,227 Watch — — — — — — 2 — 2 Total warehouse lending — — — — — — 31,229 — 31,229 Total commercial business loans $ 24,337 $ 25,274 $ 16,658 $ 6,865 $ 3,264 $ 12,186 $ 139,136 $ 300 $ 228,020 TOTAL LOANS RECEIVABLE, GROSS Pass $ 798,208 $ 547,426 $ 279,938 $ 159,466 $ 61,985 $ 155,636 $ 176,074 $ 199 $ 2,178,932 Watch 9,504 1,127 3,305 — — 746 1,329 — 16,011 Special mention — — — 2,747 — — 963 — 3,710 Substandard 348 1,804 1,402 2,504 2,955 9,790 1,096 300 20,199 Total loans receivable, gross $ 808,060 $ 550,357 $ 284,645 $ 164,717 $ 64,940 $ 166,172 $ 179,462 $ 499 $ 2,218,852 The following table summarizes risk rated loan balances by category as of December 31, 2021: December 31, 2021 Special Pass Watch Mention Substandard Doubtful Loss REAL ESTATE LOANS (1 - 5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10) Total Commercial $ 253,092 $ 4,652 $ 5,769 $ 916 $ — $ — $ 264,429 Construction and development 240,553 — — — — — 240,553 Home equity 40,716 — — 301 — — 41,017 One-to-four-family 363,682 — — 2,464 — — 366,146 Multi-family 178,158 — — — — — 178,158 Total real estate loans 1,076,201 4,652 5,769 3,681 — — 1,090,303 CONSUMER LOANS Indirect home improvement 335,731 — — 554 — — 336,285 Marine 82,721 — — 57 — — 82,778 Other consumer 2,962 — — 18 — — 2,980 Total consumer loans 421,414 — — 629 — — 422,043 COMMERCIAL BUSINESS LOANS Commercial and industrial 188,767 4,182 1,829 13,774 — — 208,552 Warehouse lending 33,277 — — — — — 33,277 Total commercial business loans 222,044 4,182 1,829 13,774 — — 241,829 Total loans receivable, gross $ 1,719,659 $ 8,834 $ 7,598 $ 18,084 $ — $ — $ 1,754,175 The following table presents the amortized cost basis of loans on nonaccrual status at December 31, 2022. There were no loans 90 days or more past due and still accruing interest as of December 31, 2022. December 31, 2022 Nonaccrual with No Nonaccrual with Allowance for Credit Allowance for Credit Total REAL ESTATE LOANS Losses Losses Nonaccrual Home equity $ 46 $ — $ 46 One-to-four-family 920 — 920 966 — 966 CONSUMER LOANS Indirect home improvement — 1,076 1,076 Marine — 267 267 Other consumer — 9 9 — 1,352 1,352 COMMERCIAL BUSINESS LOANS Commercial and industrial — 6,334 6,334 Total $ 966 $ 7,686 $ 8,652 The Company recognized interest income on nonaccrual loans of $506,000, $351,000, and $304,000 during the years ended December 31, 2022, 2021, and 2020. The following table presents the amortized cost basis of collateral dependent loans by class of loans as of December 31, 2022: December 31, 2022 REAL ESTATE LOANS Real Estate Equipment Total Home equity $ 46 $ — $ 46 One-to-four-family 920 — 920 966 — 966 CONSUMER LOANS Indirect home improvement — 1,076 1,076 Marine — 267 267 — 1,343 1,343 COMMERCIAL BUSINESS LOANS Commercial and industrial — 6,334 6,334 Total $ 966 $ 7,677 $ 8,643 Related Party Loans Certain directors and executive officers or their related affiliates are customers of and have had banking transactions with the Company. Total loans to directors, executive officers, and their affiliates are subject to regulatory limitations. Outstanding loan balances of related party loans were as follows and were within regulatory limitations: At December 31, 2022 2021 Beginning balance $ 4,207 $ 3,797 Additions — 647 Repayments (762) (237) Ending balance $ 3,445 $ 4,207 The aggregate maximum loan balance of extended credit was $3.4 million and $4.3 million at December 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively, and includes the ending balances from the tables above. These loans and lines of credit were made in compliance with applicable laws on substantially the same terms (including interest rates and collateral) as those prevailing at the time for comparable transactions with other persons and do not involve more than the normal risk of collectability. |