Summary of Significant Accounting Policies | 2. Summary of Significant Accounting Policies COVID-19 and CARES Act The global healthcare system continues to face an unprecedented challenge as a result of the novel coronavirus, or COVID-19, situation and its impact. COVID-19 is having, and may continue to have, an adverse impact on significant aspects of the Company and the business, including the demand for products, business operations, and the ability to research and develop and bring to market new products and services. The business was most acutely affected by a decline in procedural volumes during the first half of 2020, and the results of 2021 reflect some recovery from these declines the Company experienced in 2020 as a result of COVID-19. However, with cases continuing to resurge in certain areas, and hospitals at capacity in some instances due to non-COVID-19 treatments, to the extent individuals and hospital systems de-prioritize, delay or cancel deferrable medical procedures, the Company’s business, cash flows, financial condition and results of operations may continue to be negatively affected. In response to the impact of COVID-19, the Company implemented a variety of measures to help manage through the impact and position it to resume operations quickly and efficiently once these restrictions were lifted. The Company continues to focus its efforts on the health and safety of patients, healthcare providers and employees, while executing its mission of transforming lives of venous thromboembolism (“VTE”) patients. However, the Company expects the COVID-19 pandemic may continue to negatively impact our future performance. The Taxpayer Certainty and Disaster Tax Relief Act of 2020 ("the Act"), was enacted on December 27, 2020. It was a response to continued market volatility and instability resulting from COVID-19 and includes provisions to support businesses in the form of loans, grants, and tax changes, among other types of relief. The Company has reviewed and incorporated the income tax changes included in the Act, including the deductibility of meals expenses previously not deductible for tax purposes. The Company does not believe there will be a material effect on the Company’s income tax provision. The Company has not and currently does not expect to apply for loans or grants expanded by the Act. Basis of Preparation The accompanying consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles in the United States of America (“U.S. GAAP”). Principles of Consolidation The accompanying consolidated financial statements include the Company and its wholly owned subsidiaries. All significant intercompany balances and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation. Management Estimates The preparation of financial statements in conformity with U.S. GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenue and expenses during the reporting period. Significant estimates and assumptions made in the accompanying consolidated financial statements may include, but are not limited to, collectability of receivables, recoverability of long-lived assets, valuation of inventory, fair value of common stock warrants, fair value of preferred stock warrant liabilities, fair value of stock options, recoverability of net deferred tax assets and related valuation allowance, and certain accruals. Estimates are based on historical experience and on various assumptions that the Company believes are reasonable under current circumstances. Actual results could differ materially from those estimates. Management periodically evaluates such estimates and assumptions, and they are adjusted prospectively based upon such periodic evaluation. JOBS Act Accounting Election The JOBS Act allows an emerging growth company to delay the adoption of new or revised accounting standards that have different effective dates for public and private companies until those standards apply to private companies. Effective December 31, 2021, the Company was no longer an “emerging growth company” within the meaning of the JOBS Act and can no longer take advantage of this extended transition period. Prior to December 31, 2021, the Company had elected to use this extended transition period and, as a result, our financial statements may not have been comparable to companies that comply with public company effective dates. Cash, Cash Equivalents and Restricted Cash The Company considers cash on hand, cash in demand deposit accounts including money market funds, and instruments with a maturity date of 90 days or less at date of purchase to be cash and cash equivalents. The Company maintains its cash, cash equivalent and restricted cash balances with banks. At times, the cash and cash equivalent balances may exceed federally insured limits. The Company does not believe that this results in any significant credit risk as the Company’s policy is to place its cash and cash equivalents in highly-rated financial institutions. The following table provides a reconciliation of cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash reported within the consolidated balance sheets that sum to the total of the same amounts shown in the consolidated statements of cash flows (in thousands): December 31, 2021 2020 Cash and cash equivalents $ 92,752 $ 114,229 Restricted cash — 388 Total cash, cash equivalent and restricted cash $ 92,752 $ 114,617 Restricted cash as of December 31, 2020 consisted of a cash secured letter of credit in the amount of $ 338,000 representing collateral for the Company’s facility lease and a compensating balance of $ 50,000 to secure the Company’s corporate purchasing cards. In February 2021, the Company cancelled both the cash secured letter of credit and corporate purchasing card program and moved them both to its current bank, with no required cash security. Accordingly, as of December 31, 2021, the Company had no restricted cash. Investments Investments in debt securities have been classified as available-for-sale and are carried at estimated fair value as determined based upon quoted market prices or pricing models for similar securities. The Company determines the appropriate classification of its investments in available-for-sale debt securities at the time of purchase. Available-for-sale securities with original maturities less than 12 months at the date of purchase are considered short-term investments. Available-for-sale debt securities with maturities greater than 12 months from the balance sheet date are classified as long-term investments on the consolidated balance sheets. Unrealized gains and losses are excluded from earnings and reported as a component of comprehensive income (loss). The Company periodically evaluates whether declines in fair values of its marketable securities below their book value are other-than-temporary. This evaluation consists of several qualitative and quantitative factors regarding the severity and duration of the unrealized loss as well as the Company’s ability and intent to hold the marketable security until a forecasted recovery occurs. Additionally, the Company assesses whether it has plans to sell the security or it is more likely than not it will be required to sell any marketable securities before recovery of its amortized cost basis. Realized gains and losses and declines in fair value judged to be other than temporary, if any, on marketable securities are included in other income (expenses), net on the consolidated statements of operations. The cost of investments sold is based on the specific-identification method. Interest on marketable securities is included in interest income. Accounts Receivable, net Trade accounts receivable are recorded at the invoiced amount, net of any allowance for credit losses. The Company evaluates the expected credit losses of accounts receivable, considering historical credit losses, current customer-specific information and other relevant factors when determining the allowance. An increase to the allowance for credit losses results in a corresponding increase in selling, general and administrative ("SG&A") expenses. The Company charges off uncollectible receivables against the allowance when all attempts to collect the receivable have failed. The allowance for credit losses was $ 40,000 and $ 62,000 as of December 31, 2021 and 2020, respectively. Despite the Company’s efforts to minimize credit risk exposure, customers could be adversely affected if future economic and industry trends, including those related to COVID-19, change in such a manner as to negatively impact their cash flows. The full effects of COVID-19 on the Company’s customers are highly uncertain and cannot be predicted. As a result, the Company’s future collection experience can differ significantly from historical collection trends. If the Company’s clients experience a negative impact on their cash flows, it could have a material adverse effect on the Company’s results of operations and financial condition. Upon adoption of Accounting Standard Update (“ASU”) 2016-13, Financial Instruments-Credit Losses: Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments , the Company did not recognize any adjustment to the beginning balance of retained earnings as of January 1, 2021, as the impact from the adoption was not material. Inventories, net The Company values inventory at the lower of the actual cost to purchase or manufacture the inventory or net realizable value for such inventory. Cost, which includes material, labor and overhead costs, is determined on the first-in, first out method, or FIFO. The Company regularly reviews inventory quantities in process and on hand, and when appropriate, records a provision for obsolete and excess inventory. The Company writes down inventory that has become obsolete, inventory that has a cost basis in excess of its expected net realizable value and inventory in excess of expected requirements based on future demand and as compared to remaining shelf life. The estimate of excess quantities is subjective and primarily dependent on the Company’s estimates of future demand for a particular product. If the estimate of future demand is inaccurate based on actual sales, the Company may increase the write down for excess inventory for that component and record a charge to inventory impairment in the accompanying consolidated statement of operations and comprehensive income (loss). Property and Equipment, net Property and equipment are stated at cost. Additions and improvements that extend the lives of the assets are capitalized while expenditures for repairs and maintenance are expensed as incurred. Depreciation is provided using the straight-line method over the estimated useful lives of the assets, ranging from three to seven years . Leasehold improvements are depreciated over the shorter of the useful life of the improvement or the lease term , including renewal periods that are reasonably assured. Upon sale or disposition of property and equipment, any gain or loss is included as other income (expense) in the accompanying consolidated statement of operations and comprehensive income (loss). Right-of-use Assets and Lease Liabilities The Company determines if an arrangement contains a lease at inception and determines the classification of the lease, as either operating or finance, at commencement. After the adoption of the new lease standard on January 1, 2021, right-of-use assets and lease liabilities are recorded based on the present value of future lease payments which factors in certain qualifying initial direct costs incurred as well as any lease incentives received. If an implicit rate is not readily determinable, the Company utilizes inputs from third-party lenders to determine the appropriate discount rate. Lease expense for operating lease payments is recognized on a straight-line basis over the lease term. Lease terms may factor in options to extend or terminate the lease. The Company adheres to the short-term lease recognition exemption for all classes of assets (i.e. facilities and equipment). As a result, leases with an initial term of twelve months or less are not recorded on the balance sheet and are recognized on a straight-line basis over the lease term. In addition, for certain equipment leases, the Company accounts for lease and non-lease components, such as services, as a single lease component as permitted. Public Offering Costs Costs related to public offerings, which consist of direct incremental legal, printing and accounting fees are deferred until the offering is completed. Upon completion of the offering, these costs are offset against the offering proceeds within the consolidated statements of stockholders' equity. Impairment of Long-lived Assets The Company reviews long-lived assets for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of an asset may not be recoverable. Recoverability is measured by comparing the carrying amount to the future net undiscounted cash flows which the assets are expected to generate. If such assets are considered impaired, the impairment to be recognized is measured by the amount by which the carrying amount of the assets exceeds the projected discounted future net cash flows arising from the asset. The Company has not identified any such impairment losses to date. Fair Value of Financial Instruments The Company’s cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash, accounts receivable, accounts payable and accrued liabilities approximate their fair value due to their liquidity or short maturities. The Company measures and records certain financial assets and liabilities at fair value on a recurring basis. U.S. GAAP provides a fair value hierarchy that distinguishes between (i) market participant assumptions developed based on market data obtained from independent sources (observable inputs) and (ii) an entity’s own assumptions about market participant assumptions developed based on the best information available in the circumstances (unobservable inputs). The fair value hierarchy consists of three broad levels. • Level 1—Adjusted quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities. • Level 2—Inputs other than Level 1 that are observable, either directly or indirectly, such as quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities; quoted prices in markets that are not active; or other inputs that are observable or can be corroborated by observable market data for substantially the full term of the assets or liabilities. • Level 3—Unobservable inputs that are supported by little or no market activity and that are significant to the fair value of assets or liabilities. See Note 3 for further information. Convertible Preferred Stock Warrant Liability The Company accounted for its freestanding warrants to purchase shares of the Company’s convertible preferred stock as liabilities at fair value upon issuance primarily because the preferred shares underlying the warrants contained contingent redemption features outside the control of the Company. The warrants were subject to remeasurement at each balance sheet date and any change in fair value was included as a component of other income (expense) in the condensed consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive income (loss). The carrying value of the warrants continued to be adjusted until the completion of the IPO, which occurred in May 2020. At that time, the preferred stock warrants were converted to common stock warrants and the related liability was adjusted to fair value and reclassified to additional paid-in capital, a component of stockholders’ equity. Revenue Recognition The Company recognizes revenue in accordance with ASC 606, Revenue from Contracts with Customers. Under ASC 606, revenue is recognized when a customer obtains control of promised goods or services, in an amount that reflects the consideration which the Company expects to receive in exchange for those goods or services. To determine revenue recognition for arrangements that are within the scope of ASC 606, the Company performs the following five steps: (i) identify the contract(s) with a customer; (ii) identify the performance obligations in the contract; (iii) determine the transaction price; (iv) allocate the transaction price to the performance obligations in the contract; and (v) recognize revenue when (or as) the entity satisfies a performance obligation. The Company sells its products primarily to hospitals in the United States utilizing the Company’s direct sales force. The Company recognizes revenue for arrangements where the Company has satisfied its performance obligation of shipping or delivering the product. For sales where the Company’s sales representative hand-deliver products directly to the hospitals, control of the products transfers to the customers upon such hand delivery. For sales where products are shipped, control of the products transfers either upon shipment or delivery of the products to the customer, depending on the shipping terms and conditions. Revenue from product sales is comprised of product revenue, net of product returns, administrative fees and sales rebates. Performance Obligation —The Company has revenue arrangements that consist of a single performance obligation, the shipping or delivery of the Company’s products. The satisfaction of this performance obligation occurs with the transfer of control of the Company’s product to its customers, either upon shipment or delivery of the product. Revenue is measured as the amount of consideration the Company expects to receive in exchange for transferring goods. The amount of revenue recognized is based on the transaction price, which represents the invoiced amount, net of administrative fees and sales rebates, where applicable. The Company provides a standard 30-day unconditional right of return period. The Company establishes estimated provisions for returns at the time of sale based on historical experience. Historically, the actual product returns have been immaterial to the Company’s consolidated financial statements. As of December 31, 2021 and 2020, the Company recorded $ 448,000 and $ 498,000 , respectively, of unbilled receivables, which are included in accounts receivable, net, in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets. Revenue for ClotTriever and FlowTriever products as a percentage of total revenue was derived as follow: Years Ended December 31, 2021 2020 2019 ClotTriever 32 % 37 % 38 % FlowTriever 68 % 63 % 62 % The Company offers payment terms to its customers of less than three months and these terms do not include a significant financing component. The Company excludes taxes assessed by governmental authorities on revenue-producing transactions from the measurement of the transaction price. The Company offers its standard warranty to all customers. The Company does not sell any warranties on a standalone basis. The Company’s warranty provides that its products are free of material defects and conform to specifications, and includes an offer to repair, replace or refund the purchase price of defective products. This assurance does not constitute a service and is not considered a separate performance obligation. The Company estimates warranty liabilities at the time of revenue recognition and records it as a charge to cost of goods sold. The warranty liability as of December 31, 2021 and 2020 and warranty cost recognized for the years ended December 31, 2021, 2020 and 2019 were not significant. Costs associated with product sales including commissions are recorded in SG&A expenses. The Company applies the practical expedient and recognizes commissions as expense when incurred because the amortization period is less than one year. Cost of Goods Sold Cost of goods sold consists primarily of the cost of raw materials, components, direct labor and manufacturing overhead. Overhead costs include the cost of quality assurance, material procurement, inventory control, facilities, equipment and operations supervision and management, including stock-based compensation. Cost of goods sold also includes depreciation expense for production equipment and certain direct costs such as shipping costs and royalty expense. Advertising Costs Advertising costs are charged to operations as incurred. Advertising costs were $ 269,000 , $ 333,000 and $ 90,000 for the years ended December 31, 2021, 2020 and 2019 , respectively. Advertising costs are included in SG&A expenses in the accompanying consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive income (loss). Research and Development Research and development costs are expensed as incurred and include the costs to design, develop, test, deploy and enhance new and existing products. Research and development costs also include expenses associated with the purchase of intellectual property relating to a particular research and development project that has no alternative future uses, clinical studies, registries and sponsored researches. These costs include direct salary and employee benefit related costs for research and development personnel, costs for materials used and costs for outside services. Patent-related Expenditures Expenditures related to patent research and applications, which are primarily legal fees, are expensed as incurred and are included in SG&A expenses in the accompanying consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive income (loss). Stock-based Compensation The Company’s employee and non-employee share-based awards result in a cost that is measured at fair value on the awards’ grant date, based on the estimated number of awards that are expected to vest. Stock-based compensation is recognized over the service period. Income Taxes The Company uses the asset and liability method of accounting for income taxes. Under this method, deferred tax assets and liabilities are determined based on the differences between the financial reporting and the tax bases of assets and liabilities and are measured using the enacted tax rates and laws that will be in effect when the differences are expected to reverse. Management assesses the likelihood that the resulting deferred tax assets will be realized. A valuation allowance is provided when it is more likely than not that some portion or all of a deferred tax asset will not be realized. As of December 31, 2021 and 2020, the net deferred tax assets have been fully offset by a valuation allowance. The Company recognizes uncertain income tax positions at the largest amount that is more likely than not to be sustained upon audit by the relevant taxing authority. An uncertain income tax position will not be recognized if it has less than a 50% likelihood of being sustained. Changes in recognition or measurement are reflected in the period in which judgment occurs. The Company’s policy is to recognize interest and penalties related to the underpayment of income taxes as a component of provision for income taxes. Foreign Currency Translation When the functional currencies of the Company’s foreign subsidiaries are currencies other than the U.S. dollar, the assets and liabilities of the foreign subsidiaries are translated into U.S. dollars at the exchange rate in effect on the balance sheet date. Income and expense items of the subsidiaries are translated into U.S. dollars at the average exchange rates prevailing during the period. Gains or losses from these translation adjustments are reported as a separate component of stockholders’ equity in accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) until there is a sale, or complete or substantially complete liquidation of the Company’s investment in the foreign subsidiaries, at which time the gains or losses will be realized and included in net income (loss). Transaction gains and losses are included in other income (expense) and have not been significant for the periods presented. The Company’s intercompany accounts are denominated in the functional currencies of the foreign subsidiaries. Gains and losses resulting from the remeasurement of intercompany transactions that the Company considers to be of a long-term investment nature are recorded in accumulated other comprehensive income or loss as a separate component of stockholders’ equity, while gains and losses resulting from the remeasurement of intercompany transactions from those foreign subsidiaries for which the Company anticipates settlement in the foreseeable future are recorded in the consolidated statement of operations. Comprehensive Income (Loss) The Company’s comprehensive income (loss) is comprised of net income (loss) and changes in unrealized gain and losses on available-for-sale investments and gains or losses from foreign currency translation adjustments. Net Income (Loss) per Share of Common Stock Basic net income (loss) per share is computed by dividing the net income (loss) attributable to common stockholders by the weighted average number of shares of common stock outstanding during the period, without consideration for potential dilutive common shares. Diluted net income (loss) per share is computed by dividing the net income (loss) attributable to common stockholders by the weighted average number of shares of common stock and potentially dilutive securities outstanding for the period. For purposes of the diluted net income (loss) per share calculation, redeemable convertible preferred stock and warrants, and common stock options are potentially dilutive securities. For the years the Company is in a net loss position, basic net loss per share is the same as diluted net loss per share as the inclusion of all potential dilutive common shares would have been anti-dilutive. The Company allocates no loss to participating securities because they have no contractual obligation to share in the losses of the Company. The shares of the Company’s convertible preferred stock participate in any dividends declared by the Company and are therefore considered to be participating securities. Segment Reporting Operating segments are defined as components of an entity for which separate financial information is available and that is regularly reviewed by the Chief Operating Decision Maker (“CODM”) in deciding how to allocate resources to an individual segment and in assessing performance. The Company’s CODM is its Chief Executive Officer. The Company has determined it operates in one segment - the development and commercialization of innovative and minimally invasive mechanical thrombectomy devices to treat thromboembolism in the venous system. Geographically, the Company sells primarily to hospitals in the United States. Segment information is consistent with how management reviews the business, makes investing and resource allocation decisions and assesses operating performance. Recently Adopted Accounting Pronouncements In February 2017, the FASB issued ASU 2016-02, Leases (Topic 842) (“ASC 842”), as amended, which requires lessees to recognize “right of use” assets and liabilities for all leases with terms of more than 12 months. Leases will be classified as either finance or operating, with classification affecting the pattern of expense recognition in the income statement. ASC842 requires additional quantitative and qualitative financial statement note disclosures about the leases, significant judgments made in accounting for those leases and amounts recognized in the financial statements about those leases. The Company adopted the requirement of ASC 842 effective January 1, 2021 and elected the modified retrospective method for all lease arrangements with a cumulative-effect adjustment as of January 1, 2021. Results for reporting periods beginning on or after January 1, 2021 are presented under ASC 842, while prior period amounts were not adjusted and are reported in accordance with the Company’s historic accounting under ASC 840, Leases. For leases that commenced before the effective date of ASC 842, the Company elected the transition package of three practical expedients permitted within ASC 842, which eliminates the requirements to reassess prior conclusions about lease identification, lease classification, and initial direct costs. The Company also elected the hindsight practical expedient, which permits the use of hindsight when determining lease term and impairment of right-of-use assets. Further, the Company elected a short-term lease exception policy, permitting the Company to not apply the recognition requirements of this standard to short-term leases (i.e., leases with terms of 12 months or less) and an accounting policy to account for lease and non-lease components as a single component for certain classes of assets. The Company determines if an arrangement is a lease at inception. As a lessee, right-of-use assets represent the Company’s right to use an underlying asset for the lease term and lease liabilities represent an obligation to make lease payments arising from the lease. Right-of-use assets and lease liabilities are recognized at the lease commencement date based on the present value of lease payments over the lease term. As the Company does not have any outstanding debt or committed credit facilities, the Company estimates the incremental borrowing rate based on prevailing financial market conditions, and management judgment. Operating lease right-of-use assets also include any lease payments made at or before lease commencement and exclude any lease incentives received. The lease terms used to calculate the right-of-use asset and related lease liability include options to extend or terminate the lease when it is reasonably certain that the Company will exercise that option. Lease expense for operating leases is recognized on a straight-line basis over the lease term as an operating expense, while the expense for finance leases is recognized as amortization expense and interest expense using the accelerated interest method of recognition. As a result of adopting ASC 842 as of January 1, 2021, the Company recorded an operating lease right-of-use asset of approximately $ 1.2 million and related operating lease liability of approximately $ 1.3 million based on the present value of the future lease payments on the date of adoption. There was no cumulative-effect adjustment recorded to retained earnings upon adoption. Adopting ASC 842 did not have a material impact on the Company’s condensed consolidated statements of operations and cash flows. See Note 7, Commitments and Contingencies, for further discussion of the Company’s adoption of ASC 842 and related disclosures. In December 2019, the FASB issued ASU 2019-12, Income Taxes – Simplifying the Accounting for Income Taxes , which simplifies the accounting for income taxes by clarifying and amending existing guidance related to the recognition of franchise tax, the evaluation of a step-up in the tax basis of goodwill and the effects of enacted changes in tax laws or rates in the effective tax rate computation, among other clarifications. ASU 2019-12 is effective for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2020, including interim periods within those fiscal years, and early adoption is permitted. The Company adopted this guidance effective January 1, 2021 and the adoption of this standard did not have a material impact on its consolidated financial statements. In June 2018, the FASB issued ASU No. 2018-07, Compensation-Stock Compensation (Topic 718): Improvements to Nonemployee Share-Based Payment Accounting , which expands guidance on accounting for share-based payment awards, which includes share-based payment transactions for acquiring goods and services from nonemployees and aligns the accounting for share-based payments for employees and non-employees. The Company adopted this guidance effective January 1, 2020. The adoption of this guidance did not have a material impact on the Company’s consolidated financial statements. In June 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-13, Financial Instruments-Credit Losses: Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments , which changes the impairment model for most financial assets. The new model uses a forward-looking expected loss method, which will generally result in earlier recognition of allowances for losses. It also eliminates the concept of other-than-temporary impairment and requires credit losses related to available-for-sale debt securities to be recorded through an allowance for credit losses rather than as a reduction in the amortized cost basis of the securities. This st |