Significant Accounting Policies | Significant Accounting Policies Accounting Estimates The preparation of consolidated financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the balance sheet date and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting periods. Although management believes these estimates are reasonable, actual results could differ from those estimates. Areas where critical accounting estimates are made by management include: • estimated useful lives of assets, which impacts depreciation and amortization of property and equipment; • impairment of long-lived assets, goodwill and intangibles; • income taxes; • accruals related to revenue, expenses, capital costs and contingencies; and • cost allocations as described in Note 19. Fresh-Start Accounting As discussed in Note 4, the Company applied fresh-start accounting upon emergence from bankruptcy on August 1, 2016, which resulted in the Company becoming a new entity for financial reporting purposes. Upon adoption of fresh-start accounting, our assets and liabilities were recorded at their fair values as of the Effective Date. The Effective Date fair values of our assets and liabilities differed materially from the recorded values of our assets and liabilities as reflected in our historical consolidated balance sheet. The effects of the Plan and the application of fresh-start accounting were reflected in our consolidated financial statements as of August 1, 2016, and the related adjustments thereto were recorded in our consolidated statements of operations as reorganization items, net for the periods prior to August 1, 2016 (Predecessor Company). As a result of our application of fresh-start accounting, our consolidated balance sheets and consolidated statement of operations subsequent to the Effective Date will not be comparable to our consolidated balance sheets and statements of operations prior to the Effective Date. Our consolidated financial statements and related footnotes are presented with a black line division which delineates the lack of comparability between amounts presented on or after August 1, 2016 and dates prior thereto. Our financial results for future periods following the application of fresh-start accounting will be different from historical trends, and such differences may be material. Risks and Uncertainties We operate in a highly cyclical industry. The main factor influencing demand for oilfield services is the level of drilling and completions activity by E&P companies, which in turn depends largely on current and anticipated future crude oil and natural gas prices and production depletion rates. Demand for oil and natural gas is cyclical and is subject to large and rapid fluctuations. When oil and natural gas price increases occur, producers increase their capital expenditures, which generally results in greater revenues and profits for oilfield service companies. The increased capital expenditures also ultimately result in greater production, which historically has resulted in increased supplies and reduced prices that, in turn, tend to reduce demand for oilfield services. For these reasons, our results of operations may fluctuate from quarter-to-quarter and from year-to-year. Industry activity is beginning to increase as the U.S. domestic rig count was 589 during the fourth quarter of 2016, which, while down 22% compared to the fourth quarter of 2015, was up 22% compared to the third quarter of 2016. Additionally, the average price of oil during the fourth quarter of 2016 was $49.25 per barrel, which represented a 17% increase compared to the fourth quarter of 2015 and a 10% increase compared to the third quarter of 2016. These average oil prices remain well below the average prices in 2014. The average price of natural gas during the fourth quarter of 2016 was $3.04 per McF, an increase of 47% compared to the fourth quarter of 2015 and a 6% increase compared to the third quarter of 2016. Future price declines or prolonged levels of low prices would further negatively affect the demand for our services and the prices we are able to charge to our customers. Additionally, we may incur costs and have downtime during periods when our customers’ activities are refocused towards different drilling regions. Historically, we have provided a significant percentage of our oilfield services to CHK. For the 2016 Successor Period, the 2016 Predecessor Period, and the years ended December 31, 2015 and 2014, CHK accounted for approximately 51% , 65% , 70% and 81% , respectively, of our revenues. As of December 31, 2016 and 2015, CHK accounted for approximately 49% and 65% , respectively, of our accounts receivable. If CHK ceases to engage us on terms that are attractive to us during any future period, our business, financial condition, cash flows and results of operations would be materially adversely affected during such period. Accounts Receivable Trade accounts receivable are recorded at the invoice amount and do not bear interest. As of December 31, 2016 and 2015, 49% and 65% , respectively, of our receivables are with CHK and its subsidiaries. The allowance for doubtful accounts represents our best estimate for losses that may occur resulting from disputed amounts with our customers or their inability to pay amounts owed. We determine the allowance based on historical write-off experience and information about specific customers. For the 2016 Successor Period, the 2016 Predecessor Period, and the years ended December 31, 2015 and 2014, we recognized a nominal amount, $1.4 million , $1.4 million and $2.9 million , respectively, of bad debt expense related to potentially uncollectible receivables. On August 1, 2016, in connection with the application of fresh-start accounting, the carrying value of accounts receivable was adjusted to fair value, eliminating our historical allowance for doubtful accounts totaling $2.8 million . We recognized reductions to our allowance of $2.3 million , $0.5 million and $0.1 million as we wrote off specific receivables against our allowance for the 2016 Predecessor Period and the years ended December 31, 2015 and 2014, respectively. Inventory We value inventory at the lower of cost or market, with cost determined using the average cost method. Average cost is derived from third-party invoices and production cost. Production cost includes material, labor and manufacturing overhead. Inventory primarily consists of proppants and chemicals used in our hydraulic fracturing operations. Property and Equipment Property and equipment are carried at cost less accumulated depreciation. Depreciation of assets is based on estimates, assumptions and judgments relative to useful lives and salvage values. Upon the disposition of an asset, we eliminate the cost and related accumulated depreciation and include any resulting gain or loss in operating expenses in the consolidated statements of operations. Expenditures for maintenance and repairs that do not add capacity or extend the useful life of an asset are expensed as incurred. In connection with our application of fresh-start accounting, property and equipment were adjusted to estimated fair value on August 1, 2016. A summary of our property and equipment amounts (in thousands) and useful lives (in years) is as follows: Successor Predecessor Estimated December 31, December 31, Useful 2016 2015 Life Drilling rigs and related equipment $ 509,734 $ 1,594,377 5-15 Hydraulic fracturing equipment 98,102 323,989 2-7 Oilfield rental equipment 34,157 324,976 2-10 Trucks and tractors 18,887 77,678 7 Vehicles 5,674 33,478 3 Buildings and improvements 107,450 196,240 10-39 Land 7,432 16,261 — Other 31,855 79,447 3-7 Total property and equipment, at cost 813,291 2,646,446 Less: accumulated depreciation and amortization (71,977 ) (1,116,026 ) Property and equipment held for sale, net (see Note 10) 8,226 — Total property and equipment, net $ 749,540 $ 1,530,420 Depreciation is calculated using the straight-line method based on the assets’ estimated useful lives and salvage values. These estimates are based on various factors including age (in the case of acquired assets), manufacturing specifications, technological advances and historical data concerning useful lives of similar assets. We review the estimated useful lives of our property and equipment on an ongoing basis. Based on this review in the first quarter of 2015, we concluded that the estimated useful lives of certain drilling rig components and certain drilling rigs were shorter than the estimated useful lives used for depreciation in our consolidated financial statements. We reflected this useful life change as a change in estimate, effective January 1, 2015, which increased depreciation expense by $13.7 million , increased net loss by $9.7 million and increased our basic and diluted loss per share by $0.19 for the year ended December 31, 2015. Effective July 1, 2014, we concluded that the estimated useful lives of certain of our drilling rigs were shorter than the estimated useful lives used for depreciation, which increased depreciation expense by $3.9 million , increased net loss by $3.0 million and increased basic and diluted loss per share by $0.08 for the year ended December 31, 2014. Depreciation expense on property and equipment for the 2016 Successor Period, the 2016 Predecessor Period, and the years ended December 31, 2015 and 2014 was $73.9 million , $162.4 million , $295.1 million and $290.9 million , respectively. Included in property and equipment are $10.9 million and $77.7 million at December 31, 2016 and 2015 , respectively, of assets that are being constructed or have not been placed into service, and therefore are not subject to depreciation. Interest is capitalized on the average amount of accumulated expenditures for major capital projects under construction using a weighted average interest rate based on our outstanding borrowings until the underlying assets are placed into service. Capitalized interest is added to the cost of the assets and amortized to depreciation expense over the useful life of the assets. During the 2016 Predecessor Period and the years ended December 31, 2015 and 2014, we capitalized interest of approximately $1.0 million , $2.3 million and $2.1 million , respectively. Impairment of Long-Lived Assets We review our long-lived assets, such as property and equipment, whenever, in management’s judgment, events or changes in circumstances indicate the carrying amount of the assets may not be recoverable. Factors that might indicate a potential impairment include a significant decrease in the market value of the long-lived asset, a significant change in the long-lived asset’s physical condition, a change in industry conditions or a reduction in cash flows associated with the expected use of the long-lived asset. If these or other factors indicate the carrying amount of the asset may not be recoverable, we determine whether an impairment has occurred through analysis of the future undiscounted cash flows of the asset. If an impairment has occurred, we recognize a loss for the difference between the carrying amount and the fair value of the asset. We measure the fair value of the asset using market prices or, in the absence of market prices, based on an estimate of discounted cash flows. Investments Investments in securities are accounted for under the equity method in circumstances where we have the ability to exercise significant influence, but not control, over the operating and investing policies of the investee. Under the equity method, we recognize our share of the investee’s earnings in our consolidated statements of operations. We consolidate all subsidiaries in which we hold a controlling interest. We evaluate our investments for impairment and recognize a charge to earnings when any identified impairment is determined to be other-than-temporary. See Note 16 for further discussion of investments. Goodwill Goodwill represents the cost in excess of fair value of the net assets of businesses acquired. In 2011, we recorded goodwill in the amount of $27.4 million related to our acquisition of Bronco Drilling Company, Inc. (“Bronco”). This goodwill was assigned to our drilling segment. Goodwill is not amortized. We review goodwill for impairment annually on October 1 or more frequently if events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of the reporting unit exceeds its fair value. Circumstances that could indicate a potential impairment include a significant adverse change in the economic or business climate, a significant adverse change in legal factors, an adverse action or assessment by a regulator, unanticipated competition, loss of key personnel, and the likelihood that a reporting unit or significant portion of a reporting unit will be sold or otherwise disposed of. Under GAAP, we have the option to first assess qualitative factors to determine whether the existence of events or circumstances leads to a determination that it is more likely than not that the fair value of one of our reporting units is greater than its carrying amount. If, after assessing the totality of events or circumstances, we determine it is more likely than not that the fair value of a reporting unit is greater than its carrying amount, there is no need to perform any further testing. However, if we conclude otherwise, accounting guidance requires a two-step process for testing impairment. First, the fair value of each reporting unit is compared to its carrying value to determine whether an indication of impairment exists. Second, if impairment is indicated, the fair value of the reporting unit’s goodwill is determined by allocating the unit’s fair value to its assets and liabilities (including any unrecognized intangible assets) as if the reporting unit had been acquired in a business combination on the impairment test date. The amount of impairment for goodwill is measured as the excess of the carrying value of the goodwill over its implied fair value. When estimating fair values of a reporting unit for our goodwill impairment test, we use the income approach. The income approach provides an estimated fair value based on the reporting unit’s anticipated cash flows that are discounted using a weighted average cost of capital rate. Estimated cash flows are primarily based on projected revenues, operating expenses and capital expenditures and are discounted using comparable industry average rates for weighted average cost of capital. For purposes of performing the impairment tests for goodwill, all of our goodwill related to our drilling reporting unit. We performed the two-step process for testing goodwill for impairment on October 1, 2015. Due to the further deterioration of industry conditions in the fourth quarter of 2015, including the further decline in oil and natural gas prices, the Company determined that there was an indication of impairment present based on the results of the first step of the goodwill impairment test. During the fourth quarter of 2015, we completed our assessment and recognized an impairment loss of $27.4 million on the goodwill associated with the Bronco acquisition. As of December 31, 2016 and 2015, we had no recorded goodwill on our consolidated balance sheet. Deferred Financing Costs Legal fees and other costs incurred in obtaining financing are amortized over the term of the related debt using a method that approximates the effective interest method. We had gross capitalized costs of $1.2 million and $37.3 million , net of accumulated amortization of $0.1 million and $12.4 million , at December 31, 2016 and 2015 , respectively. We capitalized costs of $1.2 million associated with our New ABL Credit Facility (see Note 11) in the 2016 Predecessor Period. In 2015 , we capitalized costs of $6.3 million associated with the issuance of a Term Loan due 2021. Amortization expense related to deferred financing costs was $0.1 million , $2.5 million , $4.6 million and $6.1 million for the 2016 Successor Period, the 2016 Predecessor Period, and the years ended December 31, 2015 and 2014, respectively, and is included in interest expense in the consolidated statements of operations. During the 2016 Predecessor Period, in connection with the reorganization and application of fresh-start accounting, unamortized costs totaling $22.4 million related to the Pre-Petition Credit Facility, Term Loan, Incremental Term Loan, 2019 Notes and 2022 Notes were written off and included in reorganization items, net in the consolidated statement of operations. Revenue Recognition We recognize revenue when services are performed, collection of receivables is reasonably assured, persuasive evidence of an arrangement exists and the price is fixed or determinable. Drilling. We earn revenues by drilling oil and natural gas wells for our customers under daywork contracts. We recognize revenue on daywork contracts for the days completed based on the day rate each contract specifies. Payments received and costs incurred for mobilization services are recognized as earned over the days of mobilization. We also recognize revenue for contract termination fees paid by our customers. Under certain of our contracts, we have agreed to allow customers to pay the termination cost over the life of the contract in lieu of a lump sum, and we refer to a rig in this circumstance as “idle but contracted” or “IBC”. IBC payments are structured to preserve our anticipated operating margins for the affected rigs through the end of the contract terms and are recognized as revenue over the life of the contract. Hydraulic Fracturing. We recognize revenue upon the completion of each fracturing stage. We typically complete one or more fracturing stages per day per active crew during the course of a job. A stage is considered complete when the customer requests or the job design dictates that pumping discontinue for that stage. Invoices typically include a lump sum equipment charge determined by the rate per stage each contract specifies and product charges for sand, chemicals and other products actually consumed during the course of providing our services. Oilfield Rentals . We rent many types of oilfield equipment including drill pipe, drill collars, tubing, blowout preventers, frac tanks, mud tanks and environmental containment. We also provide air drilling, flowback services and services associated with the transfer of water to the wellsite for well completions. We price our rentals and services by the day or hour based on the type of equipment rented and the services performed and recognize revenue ratably over the term of the rental. Former Oilfield Trucking . Oilfield trucking provided rig relocation and logistics services as well as fluid handling services. Our trucks moved drilling rigs, crude oil, and other fluids and construction materials to and from the wellsite and also transported produced water from the wellsite. We priced these services by the hour and volume and recognized revenue as services were performed. As part of the spin-off, we sold our crude hauling business to a third party. During the second quarter of 2015, we sold our drilling rig relocation and logistics business and water hauling assets. As of June 30, 2015, there were no remaining assets or operations in this former segment. Other Operations. We designed, engineered and fabricated natural gas compression packages, accessories and related equipment that we sold to CHK and other customers. We priced our compression units based on certain specifications such as horsepower, stages and additional options. We recognized revenue upon completion and transfer of ownership of the natural gas compression equipment. As part of the spin-off, we distributed our compression unit manufacturing business to CHK. Litigation Accruals We estimate our accruals related to litigation based on the facts and circumstances specific to the litigation and our past experience with similar claims. We estimate our liability related to pending litigation when we believe the amount or a range of the loss can be reasonably estimated. We record our best estimate of a loss when the loss is considered probable. When a loss is probable and there is a range of estimated loss with no best estimate in the range, we record the minimum estimated liability related to a lawsuit or claim. As additional information becomes available, we assess the potential liability related to our pending litigation and claims and revise our estimates accordingly. Environmental Costs Our operations involve the storage, handling, transport and disposal of bulk waste materials, some of which contain oil, contaminants and regulated substances. These operations are subject to various federal, state and local laws and regulations intended to protect the environment. Environmental expenditures are expensed or capitalized depending on their future economic benefit. Expenditures that relate to an existing condition caused by past operations and that have no future economic benefit are expensed. There were no amounts capitalized as of December 31, 2016 and 2015 . We record liabilities on an undiscounted basis when remediation efforts are probable and the costs to conduct such remediation efforts can be reasonably estimated. Leases We lease rail cars and other property and equipment through various leasing arrangements (see Note 13). When we enter into a leasing arrangement, we analyze the terms of the arrangement to determine its accounting treatment. As of December 31, 2016 , all leases have been accounted for as operating leases. We periodically incur costs to improve the assets that we lease under these arrangements. We record the improvement as a component of property and equipment and amortize the improvement over the shorter of the useful life of the improvement or the remaining lease term. Share-Based Compensation For the Successor Company, our share-based compensation program consists of restricted stock granted to employees and non-employee directors under the 2016 Omnibus Incentive Plan. For the Predecessor Company, our share-based compensation program consisted of restricted stock and stock options granted to employees and restricted stock granted to non-employee directors under the SSE 2014 Incentive Plan (the “2014 Incentive Plan”). We recognize in our financial statements the cost of employee services received in exchange for restricted stock and stock options based on the fair value of the equity instruments as of the grant date. In general, this value is amortized over the vesting period; for grants with a non-substantive service condition, this value is recognized immediately. Amounts are recognized in operating costs and general and administrative expenses. Income Taxes Our effective tax rate was 0% , 28% , 29% and 22% for the 2016 Successor Period, the 2016 Predecessor Period, and the years ended December 31, 2015 and 2014, respectively. We did not record any income tax benefit for the 2016 Successor Period due to the tax benefit at expected rates being offset by a full valuation allowance. O ur effective tax rate can fluctuate as a result of state income taxes, permanent differences and changes in pre-tax income. A valuation allowance for deferred tax assets is recognized when it is more likely than not that some or all of the benefit from the deferred tax asset will not be realized. To assess that likelihood, we use estimates and judgment regarding our future taxable income, as well as the jurisdiction in which such taxable income is generated, to determine whether a valuation allowance is required. Such evidence can include our current financial position, our results of operations, both actual and forecasted, the reversal of deferred tax liabilities, and tax planning strategies as well as the current and forecasted business economics of our industry. As of December 31, 2016 , we are in a net deferred tax asset position. We believe it is more likely than not that these deferred tax assets will not be realized, and accordingly, we have recorded a full valuation allowance against our net deferred tax assets. In connection with the Company's emergence from Chapter 11 and subsequent application of fresh-start accounting, we recorded a full valuation allowance of $219.6 million in the 2016 Predecessor Period. We recorded the reduction of net operating losses related to cancellation of indebtedness income (“CODI”) in the 2016 Successor Period. The deferred tax impact of the tax attribute reduction was fully offset by a corresponding decrease in valuation allowance in the 2016 Successor Period. The benefit of an uncertain tax position taken or expected to be taken on an income tax return is recognized in the consolidated financial statements at the largest amount that is more likely than not to be sustained upon examination by the relevant taxing authority. Interest and penalties, if any, related to uncertain tax positions would be recorded in interest expense and other expense, respectively. We had no uncertain tax positions at December 31, 2016 and 2015 . As of December 31, 2016, the tax years ended December 31, 2014 and December 31, 2015 remain open to examination by U.S. federal and state taxing authorities. |