| SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES | SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES Principles of Consolidation and Presentation These Consolidated Financial Statements include the accounts of PBF Energy and subsidiaries in which PBF Energy has a controlling interest. All intercompany accounts and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation. In 2019, the Company has changed its presentation from thousands to millions, as applicable, and as a result, any necessary rounding adjustments have been made to prior year disclosed amounts. Cost Classifications Cost of products and other consists of the cost of crude oil, other feedstocks, blendstocks and purchased refined products and the related in-bound freight and transportation costs. Operating expenses (excluding depreciation and amortization) consists of direct costs of labor, maintenance and services, utilities, property taxes, environmental compliance costs and other direct operating costs incurred in connection with our refining operations. Such expenses exclude depreciation related to refining and logistics assets that are integral to the refinery production process, which is presented separately as Depreciation and amortization expense as a component of Cost of sales on the Company’s Consolidated Statements of Operations. Use of Estimates The preparation of the financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States (“GAAP”) requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets, liabilities, revenues and expenses and the related disclosures. Actual results could differ from those estimates. Business Combinations We use the acquisition method of accounting for the recognition of assets acquired and liabilities assumed in business combinations at their estimated fair values as of the date of acquisition. Any excess consideration transferred over the estimated fair values of the identifiable net assets acquired is recorded as goodwill. Significant judgment is required in estimating the fair value of assets acquired. As a result, in the case of significant acquisitions, we obtain the assistance of third-party valuation specialists in estimating fair values of tangible and intangible assets based on available historical information and on expectations and assumptions about the future, considering the perspective of marketplace participants. While management believes those expectations and assumptions are reasonable, they are inherently uncertain. Unanticipated market or macroeconomic events and circumstances may occur, which could affect the accuracy or validity of the estimates and assumptions. Certain of the Company’s acquisitions may include earn-out provisions or other forms of contingent consideration. As of the acquisition date, the Company records contingent consideration, as applicable, at the estimated fair value of expected future payments associated with the earn-out. Any changes to the recorded fair value of contingent consideration, subsequent to the measurement period, will be recognized as earnings in the period in which it occurs. Cash and Cash Equivalents The Company considers all highly liquid investments with original maturities of three months or less to be cash equivalents. The carrying amount of the cash equivalents approximates fair value due to the short-term maturity of those instruments. Concentrations of Credit Risk For the years ended December 31, 2019 , 2018 and 2017 no single customer amounted to greater than or equal to 10% of the Company’s revenues. No single customer accounted for 10% or more of our total trade accounts receivable as of December 31, 2019 or December 31, 2018 . Revenue, Deferred Revenue and Accounts Receivable Prior to January 1, 2018, the Company recognized revenue from customers when all of the following criteria were met: (i) persuasive evidence of an exchange arrangement existed, (ii) delivery had occurred or services had been rendered, (iii) the buyer’s price was fixed or determinable and (iv) collectability was reasonably assured. Amounts billed in advance of the period in which the service was rendered or product delivered were recorded as deferred revenue. Effective January 1, 2018, the Company adopted ASC 606, as defined below under “Recently Adopted Accounting Guidance”. As a result, the Company has changed its accounting policy for the recognition of revenue from contracts with customers. Revenues are recognized when control of the promised goods or services is transferred to the customers, in an amount that reflects the consideration the Company expects to be entitled to in exchange for those goods or services. Refer to “Note 19 - Revenues” for further discussion of the Company’s revenue recognition policy, including deferred revenues and the practical expedients elected as part of the transition to ASC 606. During 2019, PBF Holding and its subsidiaries, DCR and PRC, entered into amendments to the existing inventory intermediation agreements (as amended in the first quarter of 2019 and amended and restated in the third quarter of 2019, the “Inventory Intermediation Agreements”) with J. Aron & Company, a subsidiary of The Goldman Sachs Group, Inc. (“J. Aron”), pursuant to which certain terms of the existing inventory intermediation agreements were amended, including, among other things, the maturity date. On March 29, 2019 the Inventory Intermediation Agreement by and among J. Aron, PBF Holding and DCR was amended to add the PBFX East Coast Storage Assets (as defined in “Note 3 - PBF Logistics LP”) as a location and crude oil as a new product type to be included in the J. Aron Products (as defined in “Note 5 - Inventories”) sold to J. Aron by DCR. On August 29, 2019 the Inventory Intermediation Agreement by and among J. Aron, PBF Holding and PRC was extended to December 31, 2021, which term may be further extended by mutual consent of the parties to December 31, 2022 and the Inventory Intermediation Agreement by and among J. Aron, PBF Holding and DCR was extended to June 30, 2021, which term may be further extended by mutual consent of the parties to June 30, 2022. Pursuant to each Inventory Intermediation Agreement, J. Aron continues to purchase and hold title to the J. Aron Products produced by the Paulsboro and Delaware City refineries (the “East Coast Refineries”), respectively, and delivered into the Company’s J. Aron Storage Tanks (as defined in “Note 5 - Inventories”). Furthermore, J. Aron agrees to sell the J. Aron Products back to the East Coast Refineries as the J. Aron Products are discharged out of its J. Aron Storage Tanks. These purchases and sales are settled monthly at the daily market prices related to those J. Aron Products. These transactions are considered to be made in contemplation of each other and, accordingly, do not result in the recognition of a sale when title passes from the East Coast Refineries to J. Aron. Additionally, J. Aron has the right to store the J. Aron Products purchased in J. Aron Storage Tanks under the Inventory Intermediation Agreements and will retain these storage rights for the term of the agreements. PBF Holding continues to market and sell the J. Aron Products independently to third parties. Accounts receivable are carried at invoiced amounts. An allowance for doubtful accounts is established, if required, to report such amounts at their estimated net realizable value. In estimating probable losses, management reviews accounts that are past due and determines if there are any known disputes. There was no allowance for doubtful accounts at December 31, 2019 and 2018 . Excise taxes on sales of refined products that are collected from customers and remitted to various governmental agencies are reported on a net basis. Inventory Inventories are carried at the lower of cost or market. The cost of crude oil, feedstocks, blendstocks and refined products are determined under the last-in first-out (“LIFO”) method using the dollar value LIFO method with increments valued based on average purchase prices during the year. The cost of supplies and other inventories is determined principally on the weighted average cost method. Property, Plant and Equipment Property, plant and equipment additions are recorded at cost. The Company capitalizes costs associated with the preliminary, pre-acquisition and development/construction stages of a major construction project. The Company capitalizes the interest cost associated with major construction projects based on the effective interest rate of total borrowings. The Company also capitalizes costs incurred in the acquisition and development of software for internal use, including the costs of software, materials, consultants and payroll-related costs for employees incurred in the application development stage. Depreciation is computed using the straight-line method over the following estimated useful lives: Process units and equipment 5-25 years Pipeline and equipment 5-25 years Buildings 25 years Computers, furniture and fixtures 3-7 years Leasehold improvements 20 years Railcars 50 years Maintenance and repairs are charged to operating expenses as they are incurred. Improvements and betterments, which extend the lives of the assets, are capitalized. Deferred Charges and Other Assets, Net Deferred charges and other assets include refinery turnaround costs, catalyst, precious metal catalysts, linefill, deferred financing costs and intangible assets. Refinery turnaround costs, which are incurred in connection with planned major maintenance activities, are capitalized when incurred and amortized on a straight-line basis over the period of time estimated to lapse until the next turnaround occurs. The amortization period generally ranges from 3 to 6 years; however, based upon the specific facts and circumstances, different periods of deferral occur. Precious metal catalysts, linefill and certain other intangibles are considered indefinite-lived assets as they are not expected to deteriorate in their prescribed functions. Such assets are assessed for impairment in connection with the Company’s review of its long-lived assets as indicators of impairment develop. Deferred financing costs are capitalized when incurred and amortized over the life of the loan (generally 1 to 8 years ). Intangible assets with finite lives primarily consist of emission credits, permits and customer relationships and are amortized over their estimated useful lives (generally 1 to 10 years ). Long-Lived Assets and Definite-Lived Intangibles The Company reviews its long-lived assets for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate the carrying value may not be recoverable. Impairment is evaluated by comparing the carrying value of the long-lived assets to the estimated undiscounted future cash flows expected to result from use of the assets and their ultimate disposition. If such analysis indicates that the carrying value of the long-lived assets is not considered to be recoverable, the carrying value is reduced to the fair value. Impairment assessments inherently involve judgment as to assumptions about expected future cash flows and the impact of market conditions on those assumptions. Although management utilizes assumptions that it believes are reasonable, future events and changing market conditions may impact management’s assumptions, which could produce different results. Asset Retirement Obligations The Company records an asset retirement obligation at fair value for the estimated cost to retire a tangible long-lived asset at the time the Company incurs that liability, which is generally when the asset is purchased, constructed, or leased. The Company records the liability when it has a legal or contractual obligation to incur costs to retire the asset and when a reasonable estimate of the fair value of the liability can be made. If a reasonable estimate cannot be made at the time the liability is incurred, the Company will record the liability when sufficient information is available to estimate the liability’s fair value. Certain of the Company’s asset retirement obligations are based on its legal obligation to perform remedial activity at its refinery sites when it permanently ceases operations of the long-lived assets. The Company therefore considers the settlement date of these obligations to be indeterminable. Accordingly, the Company cannot calculate an associated asset retirement liability for these obligations at this time. The Company will measure and recognize the fair value of these asset retirement obligations when the settlement date is determinable. Environmental Matters Liabilities for future remediation costs are recorded when environmental assessments and/or remedial efforts are probable and the costs can be reasonably estimated. Other than for assessments, the timing and magnitude of these accruals generally are based on the completion of investigations or other studies or a commitment to a formal plan of action. Environmental liabilities are based on best estimates of probable future costs using currently available technology and applying current regulations, as well as the Company’s own internal environmental policies. The measurement of environmental remediation liabilities may be discounted to reflect the time value of money if the aggregate amount and timing of cash payments of the liabilities are fixed or reliably determinable. The actual settlement of the Company’s liability for environmental matters could materially differ from its estimates due to a number of uncertainties such as the extent of contamination, changes in environmental laws and regulations, potential improvements in remediation technologies and the participation of other responsible parties. Stock-Based Compensation Stock-based compensation includes the accounting effect of options to purchase PBF Energy Class A common stock granted by the Company to certain employees, Series A warrants issued or granted by PBF LLC to employees in connection with their acquisition of PBF LLC Series A units, options to acquire Series A units of PBF LLC granted by PBF LLC to certain employees, Series B units of PBF LLC that were granted to certain members of management and restricted PBF LLC Series A Units and restricted PBF Energy Class A common stock granted to certain directors and officers. The estimated fair value of the options to purchase PBF Energy Class A common stock and the PBF LLC Series A warrants and options is based on the Black-Scholes option pricing model and the fair value of the PBF LLC Series B units is estimated based on a Monte Carlo simulation model. The estimated fair value is amortized as stock-based compensation expense on a straight-line method over the vesting period and included in General and administrative expense with forfeitures recognized in the period they occur. Additionally, stock-based compensation includes unit-based compensation provided to certain officers, non-employee directors and seconded employees of PBFX’s general partner, PBF GP, or its affiliates, consisting of PBFX phantom units. The fair value of PBFX’s phantom units are measured based on the fair market value of the underlying common units on the date of grant based on the common unit closing price on the grant date. The estimated fair value of PBFX’s phantom units is amortized over the vesting period using the straight-line method. Awards vest over a four year service period. The phantom unit awards may be settled in common units, cash or a combination of both. Expenses related to unit-based compensation are also included in General and administrative expenses with forfeitures recognized in the period they occur. Beginning in 2018, PBF Energy granted performance share awards and performance unit awards to certain key employees. Both types of awards have a three -year performance cycle and the payout for each, which ranges from 0% to 200% , is based on the relative ranking of the total shareholder return (“TSR”) of PBF Energy’s common stock as compared to the TSR of a selected group of industry peer companies over an average of four measurement periods. The performance share and performance unit awards are each measured at fair value based on Monte Carlo simulation models. The performance share awards will be settled in PBF Energy Class A common stock and are accounted for as equity awards and the performance unit awards will be settled in cash and are accounted for as liability awards. Income Taxes As a result of the PBF Energy’s acquisition of PBF LLC Series A Units or exchanges of PBF LLC Series A Units for PBF Energy Class A common stock, PBF Energy expects to benefit from amortization and other tax deductions reflecting the step up in tax basis in the acquired assets. Those deductions will be allocated to PBF Energy and will be taken into account in reporting PBF Energy’s taxable income. As a result of a federal income tax election made by PBF LLC, applicable to a portion of PBF Energy’s acquisition of PBF LLC Series A Units, the income tax basis of the assets of PBF LLC, underlying a portion of the units PBF Energy acquired, has been adjusted based upon the amount that PBF Energy paid for that portion of its PBF LLC Series A Units. PBF Energy entered into the Tax Receivable Agreement (as defined in “Note 13 - Commitments and Contingencies”) which provides for the payment by PBF Energy equal to 85% of the amount of the benefits, if any, that PBF Energy is deemed to realize as a result of (i) increases in tax basis and (ii) certain other tax benefits related to entering into the Tax Receivable Agreement, including tax benefits attributable to payments under the Tax Receivable Agreement. As a result of these transactions, PBF Energy’s tax basis in its share of PBF LLC’s assets will be higher than the book basis of these same assets. This resulted in a deferred tax asset of $278.1 million as of December 31, 2019 , of which the majority is expected to be realized over 10 years as the tax basis of these assets is amortized. Deferred taxes are provided using a liability method, whereby deferred tax assets are recognized for deductible temporary differences and deferred tax liabilities are recognized for taxable temporary differences. Temporary differences represent the differences between the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and their tax bases. Deferred tax assets are reduced by a valuation allowance when, in the opinion of management, it is more likely than not that some portion or all of the deferred tax assets will not be realized. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are adjusted for the effect of changes in tax laws and rates on the date of enactment. PBF Energy recognizes tax benefits for uncertain tax positions only if it is more likely than not that the position is sustainable based on its technical merits. Interest and penalties on uncertain tax positions are included as a component of the provision for income taxes on the Consolidated Statements of Operations. As a result of the reduction of the corporate federal tax rate to 21% as part of the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act (the “TCJA”), the liability associated with the Tax Receivable Agreement was reduced. Accordingly, the deferred tax assets associated with the payments made or expected to be made related to the Tax Receivable Agreement liability were also reduced. The Federal tax returns for all years since 2016 and state tax returns for all years since 2014 (see “Note 20 - Income Taxes”) are subject to examination by the respective tax authorities. Net Income Per Share Net income per share is calculated by dividing the net income available to PBF Energy Class A common stockholders by the weighted average number of shares of PBF Energy Class A common stock outstanding during the period. Diluted net income per share is calculated by dividing the net income available to PBF Energy Class A common stockholders, adjusted for the net income attributable to the noncontrolling interest and the assumed income tax expense thereon, by the weighted average number of PBF Energy Class A common shares outstanding during the period adjusted to include the assumed exchange of all PBF LLC Series A units outstanding for PBF Energy Class A common stock, if applicable under the if converted method, and the potentially dilutive effect of outstanding options to purchase shares of PBF Energy Class A common stock, performance share awards and options and warrants to purchase PBF LLC Series A Units, subject to forfeiture utilizing the treasury stock method. Pension and Other Post-Retirement Benefits The Company recognizes an asset for the overfunded status or a liability for the underfunded status of its pension and post-retirement benefit plans. The funded status is recorded within Other long-term liabilities or assets. Changes in the plans’ funded status are recognized in other comprehensive income in the period the change occurs. Fair Value Measurement A fair value hierarchy (Level 1, Level 2, or Level 3) is used to categorize fair value amounts based on the quality of inputs used to measure fair value. Accordingly, fair values derived from Level 1 inputs utilize quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities. Fair values derived from Level 2 inputs are based on quoted prices for similar assets and liabilities in active markets, and inputs other than quoted prices that are either directly or indirectly observable for the asset or liability. Level 3 inputs are unobservable inputs for the asset or liability, and include situations where there is little, if any, market activity for the asset or liability. The Company uses appropriate valuation techniques based on the available inputs to measure the fair values of its applicable assets and liabilities. When available, the Company measures fair value using Level 1 inputs because they generally provide the most reliable evidence of fair value. In some valuations, the inputs may fall into different levels in the hierarchy. In these cases, the asset or liability level within the fair value hierarchy is based on the lowest level of input that is significant to the fair value measurements. Financial Instruments The estimated fair value of financial instruments has been determined based on the Company’s assessment of available market information and appropriate valuation methodologies. The Company’s non-derivative financial instruments that are included in current assets and current liabilities are recorded at cost in the Consolidated Balance Sheets. The estimated fair value of these financial instruments approximates their carrying value due to their short-term nature. Derivative instruments are recorded at fair value in the Consolidated Balance Sheets. The Company’s commodity contracts are measured and recorded at fair value using Level 1 inputs based on quoted prices in an active market, Level 2 inputs based on quoted market prices for similar instruments, or Level 3 inputs based on third-party sources and other available market based data. The Company’s catalyst obligations and derivatives related to the Company’s crude oil and feedstocks and refined product purchase obligations are measured and recorded at fair value using Level 2 inputs on a recurring basis, based on observable market prices for similar instruments. Derivative Instruments The Company is exposed to market risk, primarily related to changes in commodity prices for the crude oil and feedstocks used in the refining process as well as the prices of the refined products sold and the risk associated with the price of credits needed to comply with various governmental and regulatory environmental compliance programs. The accounting treatment for commodity and environmental compliance contracts depends on the intended use of the particular contract and on whether or not the contract meets the definition of a derivative. All derivative instruments, not designated as normal purchases or sales, are recorded in the Consolidated Balance Sheets as either assets or liabilities measured at their fair values. Changes in the fair value of derivative instruments that either are not designated or do not qualify for hedge accounting treatment or normal purchase or normal sale accounting are recognized currently in earnings. Contracts qualifying for the normal purchase and sales exemption are accounted for upon settlement. Cash flows related to derivative instruments that are not designated or do not qualify for hedge accounting treatment are included in operating activities. The Company designates certain derivative instruments as fair value hedges of a particular risk associated with a recognized asset or liability. At the inception of the hedge designation, the Company documents the relationship between the hedging instrument and the hedged item, as well as its risk management objective and strategy for undertaking various hedge transactions. Derivative gains and losses related to these fair value hedges, including hedge ineffectiveness, are recorded in cost of sales along with the change in fair value of the hedged asset or liability attributable to the hedged risk. Cash flows related to derivative instruments that are designated as fair value hedges are included in operating activities. Economic hedges are hedges not designated as fair value or cash flow hedges for accounting purposes that are used to (i) manage price volatility in certain refinery feedstock and refined product inventories, and (ii) manage price volatility in certain forecasted refinery feedstock purchases and refined product sales. These instruments are recorded at fair value and changes in the fair value of the derivative instruments are recognized currently in cost of sales. Derivative accounting is complex and requires management judgment in the following respects: identification of derivatives and embedded derivatives, determination of the fair value of derivatives, documentation of hedge relationships, assessment and measurement of hedge ineffectiveness and election and designation of the normal purchases and sales exception. All of these judgments, depending upon their timing and effect, can have a significant impact on the Company’s earnings. Recently Adopted Accounting Pronouncements In February 2016, the Financial Accounting Standard Board (“FASB”) issued Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) No. 2016-02, “Leases (Topic 842)” (Accounting Standards Codification “ASC” 842) to increase the transparency and comparability of leases. ASC 842 supersedes the lease accounting guidance in ASC 840 - “Leases” (“ASC 840”). ASC 842 requires lessees to recognize a lease liability and a corresponding lease asset for virtually all lease contracts. It also requires additional disclosures about leasing arrangements. The Company elected to utilize the “package” of three expedients, as defined in ASC 842, which retains the lease classification and initial direct costs for any leases that existed prior to adoption of the standard. The Company also has elected to not evaluate land easements that existed as of, or expired before, adoption of the new standard. The Company’s Consolidated Financial Statements for the periods prior to the adoption of ASC 842 are not adjusted and are reported in accordance with the Company’s historical accounting policy. As of the date of implementation on January 1, 2019, the impact of the adoption of ASC 842 resulted in the recognition of a right of use asset and lease payable obligation on the Company’s Consolidated Balance Sheets of approximately $250.0 million . As the right of use asset and the lease payable obligation were the same upon adoption of ASC 842, there was no cumulative effect on the Company’s retained earnings. See “Note 14 - Leases” for further details. In August 2017, the FASB issued ASU No. 2017-12, “Derivatives and Hedging (Topic 815): Targeted Improvements to Accounting for Hedging Activities” (“ASU 2017-12”). The amendments in ASU 2017-12 more closely align the results of cash flow and fair value hedge accounting with risk management activities in the consolidated financial statements. The amendments expand the ability to hedge nonfinancial and financial risk components, reduce complexity in fair value hedges of interest rate risk, eliminate the requirement to separately measure and report hedge ineffectiveness, and eases certain hedge effectiveness assessment requirements. The guidance in ASU 2017-12 also provided transition relief to make it easier for entities to apply certain amendments to existing hedges (including fair value hedges) where the hedge documentation needs to be modified. The presentation and disclosure requirements of ASU 2017-12 were applied prospectively. The Company adopted the amendments in this ASU effective January 1, 2019, which did not have a material impact on its Consolidated Financial Statements and related disclosures. In June 2018, the FASB issued ASU No. 2018-07, “Compensation - Stock Compensation (Topic 718): Targeted Improvements to Non-employee Share-Based Payment Accounting” (“ASU 2018-07”). ASU 2018-07 expands the scope of Topic 718, Compensation - Stock Compensation, to include share-based payment transactions for acquiring goods and services from non-employees. As a result, non-employee share-based transactions will be measured by estimating the fair value of the equity instruments at the grant date, taking into consideration the probability of satisfying performance conditions. In addition, ASU 2018-07 also clarifies that any share-based payment awards issued to customers should be evaluated under ASC 606, Revenues from Contracts with Customers (“ASC 606”). The Company adopted the amendments in this ASU effective January 1, 2019, which did not have a material impact on its Consolidated Financial Statements and related disclosures. In August 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-15, “Intangibles-Goodwill and Other-Internal-Use Software” (Subtopic 350-40) (“ASU 2018-15”). This guidance addresses a customer’s accounting for implementation costs incurred in a cloud computing arrangement that is a service contract. ASU 2018-15 aligns the requirements for capitalizing implementation costs incurred in such arrangements with the requirements for capitalizing implementation costs incurred to develop or obtain internal-use software. This guidance is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2019 and for interim periods within those fiscal years, with early adoption permitted. This guidance should be applied on either a retrospective or prospective basis. The Company has elected to early adopt this guidance in the second quarter of 2019 on a prospective basis. The Company’s adoption of ASU 2018-15 did not have a material impact on its Consolidated Financial Statements and related disclosures. Recently Issued Accounting Pronouncements In August 2018, the FASB issued ASU No. 2018-14, “Compensation - Retirement Benefits - Defined Benefit Plans - General (Subtopic 715-20)”, to improve the effectiveness of benefit plan disclosures in the notes to financial statements by facilitating clear communication of the information required by GAAP that is most important to users of each entity’s financial statements. The amendments in this ASU modify the disclosure requirements for employers that sponsor defined benefit pension or other postretirement plans. Additionally, the amendments in this ASU remove disclosures that no longer are considered cost beneficial, clarify the specific requirements of disclosures, and add disclosure requirements identified as relevant. The amendments in this ASU are effective for fiscal years ending after December 15, 2020, for public business entities and early adoption is permitted for all entities. |
