Summary of Significant Accounting Policies | 2. Summary of Significant Accounting Policies Basis of Presentation The accompanying financial statements have been prepared in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles in the United States of America, ("U.S. GAAP"), and applicable rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission, ("SEC"), regarding interim financial reporting. As permitted under those rules, certain footnotes or other financial information that are normally required by U.S. GAAP have been condensed or omitted, and accordingly the balance sheet as of January 31, 2019, and related disclosures, have been derived from the audited consolidated financial statements at that date but do not include all of the information required by U.S. GAAP for complete consolidated financial statements. These unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements have been prepared on the same basis as the Company’s annual consolidated financial statements and, in the opinion of management, reflect all adjustments (consisting only of normal recurring adjustments) that are necessary for the fair statement of the Company’s condensed consolidated financial information. The results of operations for the three and six months ended July 31, 2019 are not necessarily indicative of the results to be expected for the year ending January 31, 2020 or for any other interim period or for any other future year. The accompanying interim unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements and related financial information should be read in conjunction with the audited consolidated financial statements and the related notes thereto for the year ended January 31, 2019 included in the Company’s prospectus dated June 11, 2019 filed with the SEC pursuant to Rule 424(b) under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended. Principles of Consolidation The condensed consolidated financial statements include the accounts of the Company and its wholly owned subsidiaries. All intercompany balances and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation. Certain information and footnote disclosures normally included in the financial statements prepared in accordance with U.S. GAAP have been condensed or omitted pursuant to the applicable required disclosures and regulations of the SEC. Therefore, these unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements should be read in conjunction with the audited consolidated financial statements and the related notes thereto as of and for the year ended January 31, 2019, included in the Company’s prospectus dated June 11, 2019. JOBS Act Accounting Election The Company is an "emerging growth company" ("EGC") as defined in the Jumpstart Our Business Startups Act of 2012 ("JOBS Act"). An EGC may take advantage of specified reduced reporting requirements that are otherwise applicable generally to public companies, including, but not limited to, delayed adoption of new or revised accounting pronouncements applicable to public companies until such pronouncements are made applicable to private companies, not being required to comply with the auditor attestation requirements of Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 ("Sarbanes-Oxley Act"), reduced disclosure obligations regarding executive compensation in our periodic reports and proxy statements, and exemptions from the requirements of holding a nonbinding advisory vote on executive compensation and stockholder approval of any golden parachute payments not previously approved. The Company may take advantage of these exemptions until it is no longer an EGC. The Company would cease to be an EGC upon the earliest to occur of: (i) the first fiscal year following the fifth anniversary of its initial public offering; (ii) the first fiscal year after annual gross revenue is $1.0 billion or more; (iii) the date on which the Company has, during the previous three-year period, issued more than $1.07 billion in non-convertible debt securities; or (iv) the date on which the Company qualifies as a "large accelerated filer," as defined in Rule 12b-2 under the Exchange Act, which would occur at the end of any fiscal year in which the market value of the Company’s common stock held by non-affiliates exceeded $700.0 million as of the end of the second quarter of that fiscal year, and as of the end of such fiscal year the Company has been a reporting company for at least 12 months. Use of Estimates The preparation of financial statements in conformity with U.S. GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the amounts reported and disclosed in the Company’s condensed consolidated financial statements and accompanying notes. These estimates are based on information available as of the date of the condensed consolidated financial statements. On a regular basis, management evaluates these estimates and assumptions. Actual results may differ from these estimates and such difference could be material to the Company’s condensed consolidated financial statements. Significant estimates and assumptions used by management affect revenue recognition, the allowance for doubtful accounts, the carrying value of long-lived assets, the useful lives of long-lived assets, the fair value of financial instruments, the period of benefit for deferred contract acquisition costs, the recognition and disclosure of contingent liabilities, the provision for income taxes and related deferred taxes, stock-based compensation, and the fair value of the Company’s common stock and redeemable convertible preferred stock warrants. Concentration of Credit Risk and Geographic Information The Company generates revenue from the sale of subscriptions to access its cloud platform and professional services. The Company’s sales team, along with its channel partner network of system integrators and value-added resellers (collectively, “channel partners”), sells the Company’s services worldwide to organizations of all sizes. Due to the nature of the Company’s services and the terms and conditions of the Company’s contracts with its channel partners, the Company’s business could be affected unfavorably if it is not able to continue its relationships with them. Financial instruments that potentially subject the Company to concentrations of credit risk consist of cash, cash equivalents and accounts receivable. The Company’s cash is placed with high-credit-quality financial institutions and issuers, and at times exceed federally insured limits. The Company limits its concentration of risk in cash equivalents and marketable securities by diversifying its investments among a variety of industries and issuers. The Company has not experienced any credit loss relating to its cash equivalents and marketable securities. The Company performs periodic credit evaluations of its customers and generally does not require collateral. No channel partner or direct customer accounted for 10% or more of the Company’s consolidated accounts receivable as of July 31, 2019. There are no channel partners who accounted for 10% or more of the Company’s consolidated accounts receivable as of January 31, 2019. Outstanding accounts receivable from two of the Company’s direct customers accounted for 10% and 19% of its consolidated accounts receivable as of January 31, 2019. Revenue from sales to one of the Company’s channel partners accounted for 11% and 15% of its consolidated revenue for the three months ended July 31, 2019 and July 31, 2018, respectively, and 11% and 16% for the six months ended July 31, 2019 and July 31, 2018, respectively. There were no direct customers who represented 10% or more of the Company’s total revenue during the three and six months ended July 31, 2019 and July 31, 2018. Cash Equivalents and Marketable Securities The Company considers all highly liquid investments with original maturities of three months or less at date of purchase to be cash equivalents. Cash equivalents as of July 31, 2019 and January 31, 2019 consisted of corporate debt securities and money market funds stated at fair value. The Company classifies investments in marketable securities as available-for-sale securities at the time of purchase, since it is the Company’s intent that these investments are available to support current operations. Marketable securities are classified as current or long-term based on the nature of the investments and their availability for use in current operations. Available-for-sale securities are carried at fair value with unrealized gains and losses, if any, included in accumulated other comprehensive income (loss). Unrealized losses are recorded in other income (expense), net, for declines in fair value below the cost of an individual investment that is deemed to be other-than-temporary. The Company did not identify any marketable securities as other-than-temporarily impaired as of July 31, 2019 and January 31, 2019. The Company determines realized gains or losses on the sale of marketable securities on a specific identification method and records such gains or losses in Other expense, net. Marketable securities as of July 31, 2019 and January 31, 2019 consisted of corporate debt securities and U.S. treasury securities. Strategic Investments In July 2019, the Company agreed to commit up to $10.0 million to a newly formed entity, CrowdStrike Falcon Fund LLC (“Falcon Fund”) in exchange for 50% of the sharing percentage of any distribution by Falcon Fund. Entities associated with Accel, a holder of more than Fair Value of Financial Instruments The Company’s financial instruments consist of cash equivalents, marketable securities, accounts receivable, accounts payable, accrued expenses, and redeemable convertible preferred stock warrant liability. The carrying values of cash equivalents, accounts receivable, accounts payable, and accrued expenses approximate fair value due to their short-term nature. Refer to Note 3, Fair Value Measurements and Marketable Securities The Company reports the redeemable convertible preferred stock warrant liability at fair value (see Note 3, Fair Value Measurements Redeemable Convertible Preferred Stock assumptions that market participants would use in pricing the liability. The fair value of the warrants was determined using the Black-Scholes option-pricing model, which is affected by changes in inputs to that model including the Company’s stock price, expected stock price volatility, risk-free rate, and contractual term. Accounts Receivable and Allowance for Doubtful Accounts Accounts receivable are recorded at the invoiced amount and are non-interest bearing. Accounts receivable are stated at their net realizable value, net of an allowance for doubtful accounts. The Company has a well-established collections history from its customers. Credit is extended to customers based on an evaluation of their financial condition and other factors. The Company generally does not require collateral from its customers; however, the Company may require payment prior to commencing service in certain instances to limit credit risk. The Company records an allowance for doubtful accounts based on management’s assessment of the collectability of accounts. Management regularly reviews the adequacy of the allowance for doubtful accounts by considering the age of each outstanding invoice, each customer’s expected ability to pay, and the collection history with each customer, when applicable, to determine whether the allowance is appropriate. Amounts deemed uncollectible are written off against the allowance for doubtful accounts. As of July 31, 2019 and January 31, 2019, the allowance for doubtful accounts was $1.0 million. Deferred Offering Costs Deferred offering costs of $2.9 million have been recorded as other assets on the condensed consolidated balance sheet as of January 31, 2019, and consist of expenses incurred in connection with the Company’s IPO, including legal, accounting, printing, and other IPO-related costs. Subsequent to January 31, 2019, the Company capitalized an additional $3.0 million of offering costs. Upon the close of the IPO on June 14, 2019, all of these deferred offering costs were reclassified to stockholders’ equity and recorded against the proceeds from the offering. As of July 31, 2019, the Company had paid $4.1 million of these deferred offering costs. Property and Equipment, Net Property and equipment, net, is stated at historical cost less accumulated depreciation and amortization. Depreciation and amortization are calculated using the straight-line method over the estimated useful lives of the assets as follows: Data center and other computer equipment 3 - 5 years Furniture and equipment 5 years Purchased software 3 - 5 years Capitalized internal-use software 3 years Leasehold improvements Estimated useful life or term of the lease, whichever is shorter Expenditures for routine maintenance and repairs are charged to operating expense as incurred. Major renewals and improvements are capitalized and depreciated over their estimated useful lives. Upon retirement or other disposition of property and equipment, the cost and accumulated depreciation are removed from the accounts, and any gain or loss is recorded in operating expenses in the condensed consolidated statements of operations. Capitalized Internal-Use Software The Company capitalizes certain development costs incurred in connection with its internal-use software. These capitalized costs are primarily related to the Company’s cloud-delivered solution for next-generation endpoint protection. Costs incurred in the preliminary stages of development are expensed as incurred. Once an application has reached the development stage, internal and external costs, if direct, are capitalized until the software is substantially complete and ready for its intended use. Capitalization ceases upon completion of all substantial testing. The Company also capitalizes costs related to specific upgrades and enhancements when it is probable the expenditures will result in additional functionality. Capitalized costs are recorded as property and equipment, net. Maintenance and training costs are expensed as incurred. Internal-use software is amortized to cost of revenue on a straight-line basis over its estimated useful life of three years. Management evaluates the useful lives of these assets on an annual basis and tests for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances occur that could impact the recoverability of these assets. There were no impairments of internal-use software during the three months ended July 31, 2019 and July 31, 2018. The Company capitalized $1.5 million in internal-use software during the three months ended July 31, 2019 and July 31, 2018, and $3.5 million and $3.2 million during the six months ended July 31, 2019 and July 31, 2018, respectively. Amortization expense associated with internal-use software totaled $1.6 million and $1.2 million during the three months ended July 31, 2019 and July 31, 2018, respectively, and $3.0 million and $2.3 million during the six months ended July 31, 2019 and July 31, 2018, respectively. The net book value of capitalized internal-use software was $12.0 million and $11.5 million as of July 31, 2019 and January 31, 2019, respectively. Intangible Assets, Net Intangible assets, net, consisting of developed technology, customer relationships, and non-compete agreements, are stated at cost less accumulated amortization. All intangible assets have been determined to have definite lives and are amortized on a straight-line basis over their estimated economic lives of three to five years. Amortization expense related to developed technology is included in cost of revenue, amortization expense related to customer relationships is included in sales and marketing expenses, and amortization expense related to non-compete agreements is included in research and development expenses. Deferred Contract Acquisition Costs The Company capitalizes contract acquisition costs that are incremental to the acquisition of customer contracts. Contract acquisition costs are accrued and capitalized upon execution of the sales contract by the customer. Sales commissions for renewal of a contract are not considered commensurate with the commissions paid for the acquisition of the initial contract or follow-on upsell given the substantive difference in commission rates in proportion to their respective contract values. Commissions, including referral fees paid to channel partners, paid upon the initial acquisition of a contract or subsequent upsell are amortized over an estimated period of benefit of four years while commissions paid for renewal contracts are amortized over the contractual term of the renewals. Sales commissions associated with professional service contract are amortized ratably over an estimated period of benefit of six months. Amortization of deferred contract acquisition costs is recognized on a straight-line basis commensurate with the pattern of revenue recognition and included in sales and marketing expense in the condensed consolidated statements of operations. The Company capitalized contract acquisition costs of $19.3 million, which is under ASC606, and $9.3 million, which is under ASC 605, during the three months ended July 31, 2019 and July 31, 2018, respectively, and $27.8 million, which is under ASC 606, and $14.3 million, which is under ASC 605, during the six months ended July 31, 2019 and July 31, 2018, respectively. Contract acquisition cost amortization expense was $7.7 million, which is under ASC 606, and $6.4 million, which was under ASC 605, during the three months ended July 31, 2019 and July 31, 2018, respectively, and $15.1 million, which is under ASC 606, and $12.0 million, which was under ASC 605, during the six months ended July 31, 2019 and July 31, 2018, respectively. Impairment of Long-Lived Assets The Company reviews for impairment of long-lived assets whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of the asset (or asset group) may not be recoverable. Events and changes in circumstances considered by the Company in determining whether the carrying value of long-lived assets may not be recoverable, include, but are not limited to: significant changes in performance relative to expected operating results, significant changes in the use of the assets, significant negative industry or economic trends, and changes in the Company’s business strategy. Impairment testing is performed at an asset level that represents the lowest level for which identifiable cash flows are largely independent of the cash flows of other assets and liabilities (an “asset group”). An impairment loss would be recognized when estimated future cash flows expected to result from the use of the asset (or asset group) and its eventual disposition is less than its carrying amount. No impairment indicators were identified by the Company and no impairment losses were recorded by the Company during the three and six months ended July 31, 2019 and July 31, 2018. Deferred Revenue The deferred revenue balance consists of subscription and professional services which have been invoiced upfront and are recognized as revenue only when the revenue recognition criteria are met. The Company typically invoices its customers at the beginning of the term, or in some instances, such as in multi-year arrangements, in installments. Professional services are either invoiced upfront, invoiced in installments, or invoiced as the services are performed. Accordingly, the Company’s deferred revenue balance does not include revenues for future years of multi-year non-cancellable contracts that have not yet been billed. The Company recognizes subscription revenue ratably over the contract term beginning on the commencement date of each contract, the date that services are made available to customers. Once services are available to customers, the Company records amounts due in accounts receivable and in deferred revenue. To the extent the Company bills customers in advance of the contract commencement date, the accounts receivable and corresponding deferred revenue amounts are netted to zero on the condensed consolidated balance sheets, unless such amounts have been paid as of the balance sheet date. Redeemable Convertible Preferred Stock Warrants Warrants related to the Company’s redeemable convertible preferred stock are classified as liabilities on the Company’s consolidated balance sheet. The warrants are subject to reassessment at each balance sheet date, and any change in fair value is recognized as a component of Other expense, net, in the condensed consolidated statements of operations. The Company will continue to adjust the liability for changes in fair value until the earlier of the expiration or exercise of the warrants, or upon their automatic conversion into warrants to purchase common stock in connection with a qualified initial public offering (as defined in Note 7, Redeemable Convertible Preferred Stock Revenue Recognition – ASC 606 The Company adopted ASC 606 on February 1, 2019, using the modified retrospective transition method. Under this method, results for reporting periods beginning on February 1, 2019 are presented under Topic 606, while prior period amounts are not adjusted and continue to be reported in accordance with prior accounting under Topic 605. The Company has shown the effect of applying ASC 606 for the three months ended July 31, 2019 and the six months ended July 31, 2019 in the disclosures below. The Company recorded a cumulative effect adjustment to opening accumulated deficit of $23.4 million, net of tax, as of the date of adoption. The change resulted from a net decrease of $23.7 million in the amortization of deferred contract acquisition costs, which represented a $6.4 million decrease in short-term and $30.1 million increase in long-term deferred contract acquisition cost. This change was offset by a $0.3 million reduction in revenue. The following tables summarize the effect of the adoption of Topic 606 on the Company’s select line items included in the condensed consolidated financial statements as of and for the three months ended July 31, 2019 and the six months ended July 31, 2019, as if the previous accounting was in effect: July 31, 2019 As Reported Impact of Without Adoption (ASC 606) Adoption (ASC 605) (in thousands) Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheet Assets: Deferred contract acquisition costs, current $ 34,017 $ 381 $ 34,398 Deferred contract acquisition costs, noncurrent 41,766 (33,523) 8,243 Liabilities: Accrued expenses 32,568 (555) 32,013 Deferred revenue, current 279,951 (168) 279,783 Deferred revenue, noncurrent 89,811 — 89,811 Stockholders' Equity: Accumulated deficit (573,574) (32,419) (605,993) Three Months Ended July 31, 2019 As Reported Impact of Without Adoption (ASC 606) Adoption (ASC 605) (in thousands) Condensed Consolidated Statement of Operations Revenue $ 108,108 $ (83) $ 108,025 Operating expenses: Sales and marketing 65,274 4,621 69,895 Net loss (51,889) (4,703) (56,592) Net loss per share, basic and diluted $ (0.40) $ (0.44) Six Months Ended July 31, 2019 As Reported Impact of Without Adoption (ASC 606) Adoption (ASC 605) (in thousands) Condensed Consolidated Statement of Operations Revenue $ 204,185 $ (165) $ 204,020 Operating expenses: Sales and marketing 122,117 8,837 130,954 Net loss (77,866) (9,002) (86,868) Net loss per share, basic and diluted $ (0.87) $ (0.97) The adoption of Topic 606 had no impact on net cash provided by or used in operating, investing, or financing activities in the Company’s condensed consolidated statement of cash flows for the three or six months ended July 31, 2019. In accordance with ASC 606, revenue is recognized when a customer obtains control of promised services. The amount of revenue recognized reflects the consideration that the Company expects to be entitled to receive in exchange for these services. To achieve the core principle of this standard, the Company applies the following five steps: 1) Identify the contract with a customer The Company considers the terms and conditions of contracts with customers and its customary business practices in identifying contracts under ASC 606. The Company determines it has a contract with a customer when the contract is approved, each party’s rights regarding the services to be transferred can be identified, payment terms for the services can be identified, it has been determined that the customer has the ability and intent to pay, and the contract has commercial substance. The Company applies judgment in determining the customer’s ability and intent to pay, which is based on a variety of factors, including the customer’s historical payment experience or, in the case of a new customer, credit and financial information pertaining to the customer. 2) Identify the performance obligations in the contract Performance obligations promised in a contract are identified based on the services that will be transferred to the customer that are both capable of being distinct, whereby the customer can benefit from the service either on its own or together with other resources that are readily available from the Company or from third parties, and are distinct in the context of the contract, whereby the transfer of the services is separately identifiable from other promises in the contract. The Company’s performance obligations consist of (i) subscriptions and (ii) professional services. 3) Determine the transaction price The transaction price is determined based on the consideration which the Company is expected to be entitled to in exchange for transferring services to the customer. Variable consideration is included in the transaction price if it is probable that a significant future reversal of cumulative revenue under the contract will not occur. None of the Company’s contracts contain a significant financing component. 4) Allocate the transaction price to performance obligations in the contract If the contract contains a single performance obligation, the entire transaction price is allocated to the single performance obligation. Contracts that contain multiple performance obligations require an allocation of the transaction price to each performance obligation based on a relative standalone selling price ("SSP"). 5) Recognize revenue when or as performance obligations are satisfied Revenue is recognized at the time the related performance obligation is satisfied by transferring the promised service to the customer. Revenue is recognized when control of the services is transferred to the customer, in an amount that reflects the consideration expected to be received in exchange for those services. The Company generates all its revenue from contracts with customers. Subscription Revenue The Company’s Falcon Platform technology solutions are subscription, software as a service (“SaaS”) offerings designed to continuously monitor, share, and mitigate risks from determined attackers. Customers do not have the right to take possession of the cloud-based software platform. Fees are based on several factors, including the solutions subscribed for by the customer and the number of endpoints purchased by the customer. The subscription fees are typically payable within 30 to 60 days after the execution of the arrangement, and thereafter upon renewal or subsequent installment. The Company initially records the subscription fees as deferred revenue and recognizes revenue on a straight-line basis over the term of the agreement. The typical subscription term is one to three years. Most of the Company’s contracts are non-cancelable over the contractual term. Customers typically have the right to terminate their contracts for cause if the Company fails to perform in accordance with the contractual terms. Some customers have the option to purchase additional subscription at a stated price. These options generally do not provide a material right as they are priced at our SSP. Professional Services Revenue The Company offers several types of professional services including incident response and forensic services, surge forensic and malware analysis, and attribution analysis, which are focused on responding to imminent and direct threats, assessing vulnerabilities, and recommending solutions. These services are distinct from subscription services. Professional services do not result in significant customization of the subscription service. The professional services are available through hourly rate and fixed fee contracts, one-time and ongoing engagements, and retainer-based agreements. Revenue for time and materials arrangements is recognized as services are performed and revenue for fixed fees is recognized on a proportional performance basis as the services are performed. Contracts with Multiple Performance Obligations Some contracts with customers contain multiple promised services consisting of subscription and professional services that are distinct and accounted for separately. The transaction price is allocated to the separate performance obligations on a relative SSP basis. The SSP is the price at which the Company would sell promised subscription or professional services separately to a customer. Judgment is required to determine the SSP for each distinct performance obligation. The Company determines SSP based on its overall pricing objectives, taking into consideration the type of subscription or professional service and the number of endpoints. Variable Consideration Revenue from sales is recorded at the net sales price, which is the transaction price, and includes estimates of variable consideration. The amount of variable consideration that is included in the transaction price is constrained and is included in the net sales price only to the extent that it is probable that a significant reversal in the amount of the cumulative revenue will not occur when the uncertainty is resolved. If subscriptions do not meet certain service level commitments, the Company’s customers are entitled to receive service credits, and in certain cases, refunds, each representing a form of variable consideration. The Company has historically not experienced any significant incidents affecting the defined levels of reliability and performance as required by its subscription contracts. Accordingly, any estimated refunds related to these agreements in the condensed consolidated financial statements is not material during the periods presented. The Company provides rebates and other credits within its contracts with certain resellers, which are estimated based on the most likely amounts expected to be earned or claimed on the related sales transaction. Overall, the transaction price is reduced to reflect the Company’s estimate of the amount of consideration to which it is entitled based on the terms of the contract. Estimated rebates and other credits were not material during the periods presented. Revenue Recognition – ASC 605 Prior to adopting ASC 606 on February 1, 2019, the Company recognized subscription and professional services when: (1) persuasive evidence of the contract exists in the form of a written contract, amendments to that contract, or purchase orders from a third party; (2) delivery has occurred, or services have been rendered; (3) the price is fixed or determinable; and (4) collectability is reasonably assured based on customer creditworthiness and history of collection. The timing and the amount the Company recognized as revenue was determined based on the facts and circumstances of each customer’s arrangements. Evidence of an arrangement consisted of a signed customer agreement. The Company considered that the delivery of its solution had commenced once it provided the customer with log-in information and the term of the contract had started. Fees were fixed based on stated rates specified in the customer agreement. The Company assessed collectability based on several factors, including the credit worthiness of the customer and transaction history. If collectability was not reasonably assured, revenue was deferred until the fees were collected. For arrangements that involve the contemporaneous sale of subscription and professional services, the Compa |