Loans | Loans The composition of the loan portfolio, excluding loans held-for-sale, at December 31, 2023 and 2022 is as follows (in thousands): December 31, 2023 2022 Real estate loans: One-to-four family $ 279,448 $ 274,638 Home equity 23,073 19,548 Commercial and multifamily 315,280 313,358 Construction and land 126,758 116,878 Total real estate loans 744,559 724,422 Consumer loans: Manufactured homes 36,193 26,953 Floating homes 75,108 74,443 Other consumer 19,612 17,923 Total consumer loans 130,913 119,319 Commercial business loans 20,688 23,815 Total loans 896,160 867,556 Premiums for purchased loans (1) 829 973 Deferred fees, net (2,511) (2,548) Total loans, gross 894,478 865,981 Allowance for credit losses - loans (8,760) (7,599) Total loans, net $ 885,718 $ 858,382 (1) Premiums resulting from purchased loans totaled $465 thousand on one-to-four family loans, $280 thousand on commercial and multifamily loans, and $84 thousand on commercial business loans as of December 31, 2023. Premiums resulting from purchased loans totaled $507 thousand on one-to-four family loans, $320 thousand on commercial and multifamily loans, and $146 thousand on commercial business loans as of December 31, 2022. The Company purchased no loans during the year ended December 31, 2023. During the year ended December 31, 2022, the Company purchased $2.6 million of commercial business loan participations with United States Department of Agriculture guarantees. The following table presents a summary of activity in the ACL on loans and unfunded commitments for the periods indicated (in thousands): Year ended December 31, 2023 2023 2022 ACL - Loans ACL - Unfunded Loan Commitments ACL Allowance for loan losses Reserve for Unfunded Loan Commitments Total Allowance for Loan Losses Balance at beginning of period $ 7,599 $ 335 $ 7,934 $ 6,306 $ 404 $ 6,710 Adoption of ASU 2016-13 (1) 760 695 1,455 — — — Provision for (release of) credit losses during the period 564 (837) (273) 1,225 (69) 1,156 Net (charge-offs)/recoveries during the period (163) — (163) 68 — 68 Balance at end of period $ 8,760 $ 193 $ 8,953 $ 7,599 $ 335 $ 7,934 (1) Represents the impact of adopting ASU 2016-13, Financial Instruments — Credit Losses on January 1, 2023. Since that date, as a result of adopting ASU 2016-13, our methodology to estimate our ACL has been based on a current expected credit loss methodology, rather than the previously applied incurred loss methodology. Accrued interest receivable on loans receivable totaled $3.4 million and $3.0 million at December 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, respectively, in the accompanying Consolidated Balance Sheets. Accrued interest receivable is excluded from the estimate of expected credit losses. The following tables summarize the activity in the ACL for the year ended December 31, 2023 and the allowance for loan losses for the year ended December 31, 2022 (in thousands): Year ended December 31, 2023 Beginning Impact of Adoption of ASU 2016-13 Charge-offs Recoveries Provision (Release of) Ending One-to-four family $ 1,771 $ 355 $ — $ — $ 504 $ 2,630 Home equity (1) 132 69 (25) — 9 185 Commercial and multifamily 2,501 (320) — — (1,111) 1,070 Construction and land 1,209 1,359 — — (1,219) 1,349 Manufactured homes 462 (180) — — 689 971 Floating homes 456 166 — — 1,400 2,022 Other consumer (2) 324 (163) (179) 41 403 426 Commercial business 256 (35) — — (114) 107 Unallocated 488 (491) — — 3 — $ 7,599 $ 760 $ (204) $ 41 $ 564 $ 8,760 (1) During the year ended December 31, 2023, there was one revolving home equity loan that was charged off. (2) During the year ended December 31, 2023, gross charge-offs related primarily to deposit overdrafts that were charged off. Year ended December 31, 2022 Beginning Charge-offs Recoveries Provision (Release of) Ending One-to-four family $ 1,402 $ — $ 99 $ 270 $ 1,771 Home equity 93 — 58 (19) 132 Commercial and multifamily 2,340 — — 161 2,501 Construction and land 650 — — 559 1,209 Manufactured homes 475 — 12 (25) 462 Floating homes 372 — — 84 456 Other consumer 310 (118) 17 115 324 Commercial business 269 (6) 6 (13) 256 Unallocated 395 — — 93 488 $ 6,306 $ (124) $ 192 $ 1,225 $ 7,599 Credit Quality Indicators. Federal regulations provide for the classification of lower quality loans and other assets (such as OREO and repossessed assets), debt and equity securities considered as "substandard," "doubtful" or "loss." An asset is considered "substandard" if it is inadequately protected by the current net worth and paying capacity of the obligor or of the collateral pledged, if any. "Substandard" assets include those characterized by the "distinct possibility" that the insured institution will sustain "some loss" if the deficiencies are not corrected. Assets classified as "doubtful" have all of the weaknesses in those classified "substandard," with the added characteristic that the weaknesses present make "collection or liquidation in full," on the basis of currently existing facts, conditions and values, "highly questionable and improbable." Assets classified as "loss" are those considered "uncollectible" and of such little value that their continuance as assets without the establishment of a specific loss reserve is not warranted. Management regularly reviews loans in the portfolio to assess credit quality indicators and to determine appropriate loan classification and grading. The grades for watch and special mention loans are used by the Company to identify and track potential problem loans which do not rise to the levels described for substandard, doubtful, or loss. These are loans which have been criticized and deserve management's close attention based upon known characteristics such as periodic payment delinquency, failure to comply with contractual terms of the loan, or collateral concerns. Loans identified as watch, special mention, substandard, doubtful, or loss are subject to additional problem loan reporting to management every three months. When we classify problem assets as either substandard or doubtful, we may determine that these assets should be individually analyzed if they no longer share common risk characteristics with the rest of the portfolio. When we classify problem assets as a loss, we are required to charge off those assets in the period in which they are deemed uncollectible. Our determination as to the classification of our assets and the amount of our valuation allowances is subject to review by the FDIC (the Bank’s federal regulator) and the WDFI (the Bank’s state banking regulator), which can order the establishment of additional credit loss allowances. Assets which do not currently expose us to sufficient risk to warrant classification as substandard or doubtful but possess weaknesses are required to be designated as special mention. There were no loans classified as doubtful or loss as of December 31, 2023 and 2022. The following table presents the internally assigned grades as of December 31, 2023, by type of loan and origination year (in thousands): Term Loans Amortized Cost Basis by Origination Year Revolving Loans Amortized Cost Basis Revolving Loans Amortized Cost Basis Converted to Term 2023 2022 2021 2020 2019 Prior Total One-to-four family: Pass $ 26,272 $ 84,467 $ 110,488 $ 16,126 $ 13,029 $ 28,139 $ — $ — $ 278,521 Substandard — 259 119 — 260 553 — — 1,191 Total one-to-four family $ 26,272 $ 84,726 $ 110,607 $ 16,126 $ 13,289 $ 28,692 $ — $ — $ 279,712 Home equity: Pass $ 3,963 $ 2,783 $ 1,072 $ 302 $ 95 $ 1,608 $ 12,982 $ 2 $ 22,807 Substandard — — — — — 63 445 — 508 Total home equity $ 3,963 $ 2,783 $ 1,072 $ 302 $ 95 $ 1,671 $ 13,427 $ 2 $ 23,315 Commercial and multifamily: Pass $ 21,144 $ 75,960 $ 93,932 $ 22,731 $ 29,822 $ 58,388 $ — $ — $ 301,977 Special mention — — — 3,365 — 350 — — 3,715 Substandard — 1,036 — 1,317 5,134 1,121 — — 8,608 Total commercial and multifamily $ 21,144 $ 76,996 $ 93,932 $ 27,413 $ 34,956 $ 59,859 $ — $ — $ 314,300 Construction and land: Pass $ 32,057 $ 53,302 $ 36,285 $ 967 $ 601 $ 2,031 $ — $ — $ 125,243 Substandard — — — — 689 44 — — 733 Total construction and land $ 32,057 $ 53,302 $ 36,285 $ 967 $ 1,290 $ 2,075 $ — $ — $ 125,976 Manufactured homes: Pass $ 13,696 $ 7,958 $ 4,365 $ 2,160 $ 2,075 $ 5,498 $ — $ — $ 35,752 Substandard 115 46 — 22 86 64 — — 333 Total manufactured homes $ 13,811 $ 8,004 $ 4,365 $ 2,182 $ 2,161 $ 5,562 $ — $ — $ 36,085 Floating homes: Pass $ 8,779 $ 21,555 $ 26,196 $ 6,471 $ 1,865 $ 9,867 $ — $ — $ 74,733 Total floating homes $ 8,779 $ 21,555 $ 26,196 $ 6,471 $ 1,865 $ 9,867 $ — $ — $ 74,733 Other consumer: Pass $ 4,629 $ 1,845 $ 3,884 $ 5,883 $ 598 $ 2,237 $ 539 $ — $ 19,615 Total other consumer $ 4,629 $ 1,845 $ 3,884 $ 5,883 $ 598 $ 2,237 $ 539 $ — $ 19,615 Commercial business: Pass $ 987 $ 437 $ 3,564 $ 400 $ 227 $ 5,848 $ 6,854 $ — $ 18,317 Substandard 2,128 53 204 — — — 40 — 2,425 Total commercial business $ 3,115 $ 490 $ 3,768 $ 400 $ 227 $ 5,848 $ 6,894 $ — $ 20,742 Total loans Pass $ 111,527 $ 248,307 $ 279,786 $ 55,040 $ 48,312 $ 113,616 $ 20,375 $ 2 $ 876,965 Special mention — — — 3,365 — 350 — — 3,715 Substandard 2,243 1,394 323 1,339 6,169 1,845 485 — 13,798 Total loans $ 113,770 $ 249,701 $ 280,109 $ 59,744 $ 54,481 $ 115,811 $ 20,860 $ 2 $ 894,478 The following tables represent the internally assigned grades at December 31, 2022, by type of loan (in thousands): December 31, 2022 One-to-four Home Commercial Construction Manufactured Floating Other Commercial Total Grade: Pass $ 271,295 $ 19,230 $ 291,677 $ 109,484 $ 26,583 $ 74,443 $ 17,661 $ 22,853 $ 833,226 Watch 279 2 7,538 4,037 134 — — 161 12,151 Special Mention — — 4,096 — — — — — 4,096 Substandard 3,064 316 10,047 3,357 236 — 262 801 18,083 Total $ 274,638 $ 19,548 $ 313,358 $ 116,878 $ 26,953 $ 74,443 $ 17,923 $ 23,815 $ 867,556 Nonaccrual and Past Due Loans . Loans are considered past due if the required principal and interest payments have not been received as of the date such payments were due. The following table presents the amortized cost of nonaccrual loans at December 31, 2023 and 2022, by type of loan (in thousands): December 31, 2023 December 31, 2022 Total Total Total Total One-to-four family $ 1,108 $ 848 $ 2,135 $ 2,135 Home equity 84 84 142 142 Construction and land — — 324 324 Manufactured homes 228 228 96 52 Other consumer 1 — 262 262 Commercial business 2,135 2,135 — — Total $ 3,556 $ 3,295 $ 2,959 $ 2,915 The following tables present the aging of past due loans, as of the dates indicated, by type of loan (in thousands): December 31, 2023 30-59 Days 60-89 Days 90 Days and Greater Past Due 90 Days and Greater Past Due and Accruing Total Current Total One-to-four family $ 168 $ 870 $ 663 $ — $ 1,701 $ 278,011 $ 279,712 Home equity 345 — 84 — 429 22,893 23,322 Commercial and multifamily 4,116 1,036 — — 5,151 309,149 314,300 Construction and land — — — — — 125,940 125,940 Manufactured homes 295 49 189 — 533 35,552 36,085 Floating homes — 3,226 — — 3,226 71,507 74,733 Other consumer 34 31 — — 65 19,550 19,615 Commercial business 66 — 2,128 — 2,194 18,551 20,745 Total $ 5,024 $ 5,211 $ 3,064 $ — $ 13,299 $ 881,153 $ 894,452 December 31, 2022 30-59 Days 60-89 Days 90 Days and Greater Past Due 90 Days and Greater Past Due and Accruing Total Current Total One-to-four family $ 393 $ 289 $ 1,934 $ — $ 2,616 $ 272,022 $ 274,638 Home equity 115 — 116 — 231 19,317 19,548 Commercial and multifamily 7,198 — — — 7,198 306,160 313,358 Construction and land 1,210 — 296 — 1,506 115,372 116,878 Manufactured homes 261 155 52 — 468 26,485 26,953 Floating homes — — — — — 74,443 74,443 Other consumer 360 5 — — 365 17,558 17,923 Commercial business 4 — — — 4 23,811 23,815 Total $ 9,542 $ 449 $ 2,398 $ — $ 12,389 $ 855,167 $ 867,556 Loan Modifications to Borrowers Experiencing Financial Difficulty. The Company has granted modifications which can generally be described in the following categories: Principal Forgiveness : A modification in which the principal is reduced. Rate Modification : A modification in which the interest rate is changed. Term Modification : A modification in which the maturity date, timing of payments or frequency of payments is changed. Payment Modification : A modification in which the dollar amount of the payment is changed. Interest only modifications in which a loan is converted to interest only payments for a period of time are included in this category. Combination Modification : Any other type of modification, including the use of multiple categories above. At December 31, 2023, the Company had no commitments to extend additional credit to borrowers owing loan receivables with modified terms. During the year ended December 31, 2023, there was one modified one-to-four family loan to a borrower experiencing financial difficulty. This loan received a term extension for 90 days, with an amortized cost basis of $90 thousand representing 0.03% of the total class of loans. We have no modified loans to troubled borrowers that have subsequently defaulted at December 31, 2023. Troubled debt restructurings. Prior to the adoption of ASU 2022-02, Financial Instruments—Credit Losses (Topic 326): Troubled Debt Restructurings and Vintage Disclosures , the Company had granted a variety of concessions to borrowers in the form of loan modifications that were considered TDRs. Loans classified as legacy TDRs totaled $1.7 million and $2.0 million at December 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively. Collateral Dependent Loans . Loans that have been classified as collateral dependent are loans where substantially all repayment of the loan is expected to come from the operation of or eventual liquidation of the collateral. Collateral dependent loans are evaluated individually for purposes of determining the ACL, which is determined based on the estimated fair value of the collateral. Estimates for costs to sell are included in the determination of the ACL when liquidation of the collateral is anticipated. In cases where the loan is well secured and the estimated value of the collateral exceeds the amortized cost of the loan, no ACL is recorded. The following tables summarize collateral dependent loans by collateral type as of the dates indicated (in thousands): December 31, 2023 Commercial Real Estate Residential Real Estate Land Other Residential Total Real estate loans: One- to four- family $ — $ 664 $ — $ 545 $ 1,209 Home equity — 84 — — 84 Total real estate loans — 748 — 545 1,293 Consumer loans: Manufactured homes — — — 228 228 Total consumer loans — — — 228 228 Commercial business loans — — — 2,135 2,135 Total loans $ — $ 748 $ — $ 2,908 $ 3,656 Impaired Loans . Prior to the adoption of ASC 326 on January 1, 2023, we classified loans as impaired when we determined that we might be unable to collect payments of principal or interest when due under the terms of the loan. In the process of identifying loans as impaired, we took into consideration factors which include payment history and status, collateral value, financial condition of the borrower, and the probability of collecting scheduled payments in the future. Minor payment delays and insignificant payment shortfalls typically did not result in a loan being classified as impaired. The significance of payment delays and shortfalls was considered on a case-by-case basis, after taking into consideration the totality of circumstances surrounding the loan and the borrower, including payment history. Impairment was measured on a loan-by-loan basis for all loans in the portfolio. All TDRs were also classified as impaired loans and were included in the loans individually evaluated for impairment in the calculation of the allowance for loan losses. Impaired loans at December 31, 2022, by type of loan were as follows (in thousands): December 31, 2022 Recorded Investment Unpaid Principal Without With Total Related One-to-four family $ 3,758 $ 3,038 $ 708 $ 3,746 $ 102 Home equity 210 142 68 210 5 Construction and land 358 324 34 358 3 Manufactured homes 187 93 94 187 52 Other consumer 343 261 82 343 22 Total $ 4,856 $ 3,858 $ 986 $ 4,844 $ 184 The following table provides the average recorded investment and interest income on impaired loans for the year ended December 31, 2022, by type of loan (in thousands): Year Ended December 31, 2022 Average Interest Income One-to-four family $ 3,628 $ 106 Home equity 216 16 Commercial and multifamily 1,405 — Construction and land 124 20 Manufactured homes 202 15 Floating homes 98 — Other consumer 299 17 Commercial business 69 — Total $ 6,041 $ 174 Related Parties and Regulatory Matters. In the ordinary course of business, the Company makes loans to its employees, officers and directors. Certain loans to employees, officers and directors are offered at discounted rates as compared to other clients as permitted by federal regulations. Employees, officers, and directors are eligible for mortgage loans with an adjustable rate that resets annually to 1.0% - 1.5% over the Bank's rolling cost of funds. Employees, officers and directors are also eligible for consumer loans that are 1.00% below the market loan rate at the time of origination. Director and officer loans are summarized as follows (in thousands): December 31, 2023 2022 Balance, beginning of period $ 3,328 $ 4,365 Advances 60 100 New / (reclassified) loans, net 2,768 (822) Repayments (250) (315) Balance, end of period $ 5,906 $ 3,328 Other. At December 31, 2023 and 2022, loans totaling $9.4 million and $16.4 million, respectively, represented real estate secured loans that had current loan-to-value ratios above supervisory guidelines. |