UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
FORM 10-Q
QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
For the quarterly period ended September 30, 2015
Commission File Number | | Exact Name of Registrant as Specified in its Charter | | I.R.S. Employer Identification Number |
333-147019 333-179941-01 333-204880 | | PROSPER MARKETPLACE, INC. a Delaware corporation 221 Main Street, 3rd Floor San Francisco, CA 94105 Telephone: (415)593-5400 | | 73-1733867 |
| | | | |
333-179941 333-204880-01 | | PROSPER FUNDING LLC a Delaware limited liability company 221 Main Street, 3rd Floor San Francisco, CA 94105 Telephone: (415)593-5479 | | 45-4526070 |
Indicate by check mark whether each registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.
| |
Prosper Marketplace, Inc. | Yesx No ¨ |
Prosper Funding LLC | Yesx No ¨ |
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate Web site, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files).
| |
Prosper Marketplace, Inc. | Yesx No ¨ |
Prosper Funding LLC | Yesx No ¨ |
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, or a smaller reporting company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer” and “smaller reporting company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.
| Large Accelerated Filer | | Accelerated Filer | | Non- Accelerated Filer | | Smaller Reporting Company |
Prosper Marketplace, Inc. | o | | o | | o | | x |
Prosper Funding LLC | o | | o | | o | | x |
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).
| |
Prosper Marketplace, Inc. | Yes¨ No x |
Prosper Funding LLC | Yes¨ No x |
Prosper Funding LLC meets the conditions set forth in General Instruction H(1)(a) and (b) of Form 10-Q and is therefore filing this Form 10-Q with the reduced disclosure format specified in General Instruction H(2) of Form 10-Q.
As of November 3, 2015, there were 13,881,056 shares of Prosper Marketplace Inc. common stock outstanding. Prosper Funding LLC does not have any common stock outstanding.
THIS COMBINED FORM 10-Q IS SEPARATELY FILED BY PROSPER MARKETPLACE, INC. AND PROSPER FUNDING LLC. INFORMATION CONTAINED HEREIN RELATING TO ANY INDIVIDUAL REGISTRANT IS FILED BY SUCH REGISTRANT ON ITS OWN BEHALF. EACH REGISTRANT MAKES NO REPRESENTATION AS TO INFORMATION RELATING TO THE OTHER REGISTRANT.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
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Except as the context requires otherwise, as used herein, “we,” “us,” “our,” and “Registrants” refer to Prosper Marketplace, Inc. (“PMI”), a Delaware corporation, and its wholly owned subsidiary, Prosper Funding LLC (“PFL”), a Delaware limited liability company; “Prosper” refers to PMI and its wholly owned subsidiaries, PFL and Prosper Healthcare Lending LLC (“PHL”), a Delaware limited liability company, on a consolidated basis; and “Prosper Funding” refers to PFL and its wholly owned subsidiary, Prosper Asset Holdings LLC (“PAH”), a Delaware limited liability company, on a consolidated basis. In addition, the unsecured, consumer loans originated through our marketplace are referred to as “Borrower Loans,” and the borrower payment dependent notes issued through our marketplace, whether issued by PMI or PFL, are referred to as “Notes.” Further, investor members currently invest in Borrower Loans through two channels: (i) the “Note Channel”, which allows investor members to purchase Notes from PFL, the payments of which are dependent on the payments made on the corresponding Borrower Loan; and (ii) the “Whole Loan Channel”, which allows accredited and institutional investors to purchase Borrower Loans in their entirety directly from PFL. Finally, although historically we have referred to investor members as “lender members”, we call them “investor members” herein to avoid confusion since WebBank is the lender for Borrower Loans originated through our marketplace.
Forward-Looking Statements
This Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q includes forward-looking statements within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933 (the “Securities Act”) and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (the “Exchange Act”). Forward-looking statements include all statements that do not relate solely to historical or current facts, and can generally be identified by the use of words such as “may,” “believe,” “expect,” “project,” “estimate,” “intend,” “anticipate,” “plan,” “continue” or similar expressions. In particular, information appearing under “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” includes forward-looking statements. Forward-looking statements inherently involve many risks and uncertainties that could cause actual results to differ materially from those projected in these statements. Where, in any forward-looking statement, PFL or PMI expresses an expectation or belief as to future results or events, such expectation or belief is based on the current plans and expectations of their respective managements, expressed in good faith and is believed to have a reasonable basis. Nevertheless, there can be no assurance that the expectation or belief will result or be achieved or accomplished.
The following include some but not all of the factors that could cause actual results or events to differ materially from those anticipated:
| · | the performance of the Notes, which, in addition to being speculative investments, are special, limited obligations that are not guaranteed or insured; |
| · | PFL’s ability to make payments on the Notes, including in the event that borrowers fail to make payments on the corresponding Borrower Loans; |
| · | our ability to attract potential borrowers to our marketplace; |
| · | the reliability of the information about borrowers that is supplied by borrowers including actions by some borrowers to defraud investor members; |
| · | our ability to service the Borrower Loans, and our ability or the ability of a third party debt collector to pursue collection against any borrower, including in the event of fraud or identity theft; |
| · | credit risks posed by the credit worthiness of borrowers and the effectiveness of our credit rating systems; |
| · | our limited operational history and lack of significant historical performance data about borrower performance; |
| · | the impact of current economic conditions on the performance of the Notes and loss rates of the Notes; |
| · | our compliance with applicable local, state and federal law, including the Investment Advisers Act of 1940, the Investment Company Act of 1940 and other laws; |
| · | potential efforts by state regulators or litigants to characterize either of us, rather than WebBank, as the lender of the Borrower Loans originated through our marketplace; |
| · | the application of federal and state bankruptcy and insolvency laws to borrowers and to each of us; |
| · | the impact of borrower delinquencies, defaults and prepayments on the returns on the Notes; |
| · | the lack of a public trading market for the Notes and any inability to resell the Notes on the Note Trader platform; |
| · | the federal income tax treatment of an investment in the Notes and the PMI Management Rights; and |
| · | our ability to prevent security breaches, disruptions in service, and comparable events that could compromise the personal and confidential information held on our data systems, reduce the attractiveness of our marketplace or adversely impact our ability to service Borrower Loans. |
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There may be other factors that may cause actual results to differ materially from the forward-looking statements in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q. We can give no assurances that any of the events anticipated by the forward-looking statements will occur or, if any of them does, what impact they will have on our results of operations and financial condition. You should carefully read the factors described in the “Risk Factors” section of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for a description of certain risks that could, among other things, cause our actual results to differ from these forward-looking statements.
All forward-looking statements speak only as of the date of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q and are expressly qualified in their entirety by the cautionary statements included in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q. We undertake no obligation to update or revise forward-looking statements that may be made to reflect events or circumstances that arise after the date made or to reflect the occurrence of unanticipated events, other than as required by law.
WHERE YOU CAN FIND MORE INFORMATION
The following filings are available for download free of charge at www.prosper.com as soon as reasonably practicable after such filings are electronically filed with, or furnished to, the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”): Annual Reports on Form 10-K, Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q, Current Reports on Form 8-K, and all amendments to those reports. Further, a copy of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q is located at the SEC’s Public Reference Room at 100 F Street, NE, Washington, D.C. 20549. Information on the operation of the Public Reference Room can be obtained by calling the SEC at 1-800-SEC-0330. Our SEC filings are also available to the public at the SEC’s Internet site at http://www.sec.gov.
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Item 1. Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements
Prosper Marketplace, Inc.
Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets (Unaudited)
(in thousands, except for share and per share amounts)
| | September 30, 2015 | | | December 31, 2014 | | |
Assets | | | | | | | | | |
Cash and Cash Equivalents | | $ | 120,522 | | | $ | 50,557 | | |
Restricted Cash | | | 152,397 | | | | 81,300 | | |
Available for Sale Investments, at Fair Value | | | 47,104 | | | | - | | |
Accounts Receivable | | | 1,499 | | | | 3,152 | | |
Loans Held for Sale, at Fair Value | | | 34 | | | | 8,463 | | |
Borrower Loans, at Fair Value | | | 286,462 | | | | 273,243 | | |
Property and Equipment, Net | | | 20,067 | | | | 14,424 | | |
Prepaid and Other Assets | | | 9,024 | | | | 4,856 | | |
Servicing Assets | | | 11,300 | | | | 4,163 | | |
Goodwill | | | 16,825 | | | | - | | |
Intangibles Assets, Net | | | 2,979 | | | | - | | |
Total Assets | | $ | 668,213 | | | $ | 440,158 | | |
Liabilities, Convertible Preferred Stock and Stockholders' Deficit | | | | | | | | | |
Accounts Payable and Accrued Liabilities | | $ | 26,188 | | | $ | 17,239 | | |
Payable to Investors | | | 136,757 | | | | 64,494 | | |
Class Action Settlement Liability | | | 5,926 | | | | 7,861 | | |
Notes at Fair Value | | | 287,254 | | | | 273,783 | | |
Repurchase Liability for Unvested Restricted Stock Awards | | | 568 | | | | 1,010 | | |
Total Liabilities | | | 456,693 | | | | 364,387 | | |
Commitments and Contingencies (see Note 13) | | | | | | | | | |
Convertible Preferred Stock – $0.01 par value; 35,477,685 shares authorized; 35,477,685 issued and outstanding as of September 30, 2015; 32,155,022 shares authorized; 30,699,957 issued and outstanding as of December 31, 2014. Aggregate liquidation preference of $325,952 as of September 30, 2015 and $160,952 as of December 31, 2014. | | | 275,938 | | | | 111,145 | | |
Stockholders' Deficit | | | | | | | | | |
Common Stock ($0.01 par value; 54,065,215 shares authorized; 14,058,509 issued and 13,871,322 outstanding as of September 30, 2015; and 47,928,883 shares authorized; 14,448,700 issued and 14,448,700 outstanding as of December 31, 2014) | | | 123 | | | | 102 | | |
Additional Paid-In Capital | | | 97,131 | | | | 86,340 | | |
Less: Treasury Stock | | | (23,417 | ) | | | (303 | ) | |
Accumulated Deficit | | | (138,259 | ) | | | (121,513 | ) | |
Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income | | | 4 | | | | - | | |
Total Stockholders' Deficit | | | (64,418 | ) | | | (35,374 | ) | |
Total Liabilities, Convertible Preferred Stock and Stockholders' Deficit | | $ | 668,213 | | | $ | 440,158 | | |
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed consolidated financial statements.
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Prosper Marketplace, Inc.
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations (Unaudited)
(in thousands, except for share and per share amounts)
| | Three Months Ended | | | Nine Months Ended | |
| | September 30, | | | September 30, | |
| | 2015 | | | 2014 (As Restated)* | | | 2015 | | | 2014 (As Restated)* | |
Revenue | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Operating Revenue | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Transaction Fees, Net | | $ | 46,842 | | | $ | 21,061 | | | $ | 111,984 | | | $ | 45,404 | |
Servicing Fees, Net | | | 4,652 | | | | 1,401 | | | | 10,796 | | | | 2,512 | |
Gain on Sale of Borrower Loans | | | 4,263 | | | | 1,268 | | | | 9,881 | | | | 2,246 | |
Other Revenue | | | 2,229 | | | | 479 | | | | 4,935 | | | | 662 | |
Total Operating Revenue | | | 57,986 | | | | 24,209 | | | | 137,596 | | | | 50,824 | |
Interest Income | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Interest Income on Borrower Loans | | | 10,280 | | | | 10,781 | | | | 30,892 | | | | 31,153 | |
Interest Expense on Notes | | | (9,550 | ) | | | (9,886 | ) | | | (28,561 | ) | | | (28,872 | ) |
Net Interest Income | | | 730 | | | | 895 | | | | 2,331 | | | | 2,281 | |
Change in Fair Value of Borrower Loans, Loans Held for Sale and Notes, Net | | | (87 | ) | | | 21 | | | | (66 | ) | | | 291 | |
Total Net Revenue | | | 58,629 | | | | 25,125 | | | | 139,861 | | | | 53,396 | |
Expenses | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Origination and Servicing | | | 8,357 | | | | 3,376 | | | | 22,335 | | | | 8,220 | |
Sales and Marketing | | | 31,844 | | | | 11,201 | | | | 76,996 | | | | 27,028 | |
General and Administrative | | | 22,236 | | | | 7,204 | | | | 57,570 | | | | 16,808 | |
Total Expenses | | | 62,437 | | | | 21,781 | | | | 156,901 | | | | 52,056 | |
Net Income (Loss) Before Taxes | | | (3,808 | ) | | | 3,344 | | | | (17,040 | ) | | | 1,340 | |
Income Tax Expense | | | 35 | | | | - | | | | 284 | | | | - | |
Net Income (Loss) | | $ | (3,843 | ) | | $ | 3,344 | | | $ | (17,324 | ) | | $ | 1,340 | |
Less: Excess Return to Preferred Shareholders on Repurchase | | | - | | | | (14,892 | ) | | | - | | | | (14,892 | ) |
Net Loss Attributable to Common Stockholders | | $ | (3,843 | ) | | $ | (11,548 | ) | | $ | (17,324 | ) | | $ | (13,552 | ) |
Net Loss Per Share – Basic and Diluted | | $ | (0.34 | ) | | $ | (1.26 | ) | | $ | (1.58 | ) | | $ | (1.57 | ) |
Weighted-Average Shares - Basic and Diluted | | | 11,181,553 | | | | 9,179,426 | | | | 10,949,396 | | | | 8,620,434 | |
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed consolidated financial statements.
*See Note 17
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Prosper Marketplace, Inc.
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) (Unaudited)
(in thousands)
| | Three Months Ended | | | Nine Months Ended | |
| | September 30, | | | September 30, | |
| | 2015 | | | 2014 (As Restated)* | | | 2015 | | | 2014 (As Restated)* | |
Net Income (Loss) | | $ | (3,843 | ) | | $ | 3,344 | | | $ | (17,324 | ) | | $ | 1,340 | |
Other Comprehensive Income, Before Tax | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Change in Net Unrealized Gain on Available for Sale Investments, at Fair Value | | | 4 | | | | - | | | | 4 | | | | - | |
Other Comprehensive Income, Before Tax | | | 4 | | | | - | | | | 4 | | | | - | |
Income tax effect | | | - | | | | - | | | | - | | | | - | |
Other Comprehensive Income, Net of Tax | | | 4 | | | | - | | | | 4 | | | | - | |
Comprehensive Income (Loss) | | | (3,839 | ) | | | 3,344 | | | | (17,320 | ) | | | 1,340 | |
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed consolidated financial statements.
*See Note 17
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Prosper Marketplace, Inc.
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows (Unaudited)
(in thousands)
| | Nine Months Ended September 30, | |
| | 2015 | | | 2014 (As Restated)* | |
Cash flows from Operating Activities: | | | | | | | | |
Net Income (Loss) | | $ | (17,324 | ) | | $ | 1,340 | |
Adjustments to Reconcile Net Income (Loss) to Net Cash Used in Operating Activities: | | | | | | | | |
Change in Fair Value of Borrower Loans, Loans Held for Sale and Notes | | | 66 | | | | (291 | ) |
Depreciation and Amortization | | | 4,967 | | | | 1,228 | |
Gain on sales of Borrower Loans | | | (9,958 | ) | | | (2,480 | ) |
Amortization and Change in Fair Value of Servicing Rights | | | 3,322 | | | | 372 | |
Stock-Based Compensation Expense | | | 7,439 | | | | 763 | |
Other, Net | | | 94 | | | | 278 | |
Changes in Operating Assets and Liabilities: | | | | | | | | |
Purchase of Loans Held for Sale at Fair Value | | | (2,426,963 | ) | | | (919,770 | ) |
Proceeds from Sales and Principal Payments of Loans Held for Sale at Fair Value | | | 2,435,253 | | | | 909,897 | |
Restricted Cash Except for those Related to Investing Activities | | | (69,651 | ) | | | (26,976 | ) |
Accounts Receivable | | | 1,800 | | | | (595 | ) |
Prepaid and Other Assets | | | (4,168 | ) | | | (2,515 | ) |
Accounts Payable and Accrued Liabilities | | | 7,483 | | | | 5,030 | |
Class Action Settlement Liability | | | (2,000 | ) | | | (2,000 | ) |
Payable to Investors | | | 72,263 | | | | 22,596 | |
Net Cash Provided by (Used in) Operating Activities | | | 2,623 | | | | (13,123 | ) |
Cash Flows from Investing Activities: | | | | | | | | |
Purchase of Borrower Loans Held at Fair Value | | | (142,103 | ) | | | (130,857 | ) |
Principal Payments of Borrower Loans Held at Fair Value | | | 111,864 | | | | 88,974 | |
Purchases of Property and Equipment | | | (9,518 | ) | | | (4,806 | ) |
Maturities of Short Term Investments | | | 1,274 | | | | - | |
Purchases of Short Term Investments | | | (1,275 | ) | | | - | |
Purchases of Available for Sale Investments, at Fair Value | | | (47,100 | ) | | | - | |
Acquisition of Business, Net of Cash Acquired | | | (19,000 | ) | | | - | |
Changes in Restricted Cash Related to Investing Activities | | | (1,446 | ) | | | 869 | |
Net Cash Used in Investing Activities | | | (107,304 | ) | | | (45,820 | ) |
Cash Flows from Financing Activities: | | | | | | | | |
Proceeds from Issuance of Notes Held at Fair Value | | | 142,246 | | | | 130,756 | |
Payment of Notes Held at Fair Value | | | (111,711 | ) | | | (88,909 | ) |
Proceeds from Issuance of Convertible Preferred Stock, Net | | | 164,793 | | | | 69,958 | |
Proceeds from Early Exercise of Stock Options and Issuance of Restricted Stock | | | 1,714 | | | | 454 | |
Proceeds from Exercise of Vested Stock Options and Common Stock Warrants | | | 849 | | | | 161 | |
Repurchase of Preferred Stock | | | - | | | | (18,525 | ) |
Repurchase of Common Stock and Restricted Stock | | | (23,245 | ) | | | (24 | ) |
Net Cash Provided by Financing Activities | | | 174,646 | | | | 93,871 | |
Net Increase in Cash and Cash Equivalents | | | 69,965 | | | | 34,928 | |
Cash and Cash Equivalents at Beginning of the Period | | | 50,557 | | | | 18,339 | |
Cash and Cash Equivalents at End of the Period | | $ | 120,522 | | | $ | 53,267 | |
Supplemental Disclosure of Cash Flow Information: | | | | | | | | |
Cash Paid for Interest | | $ | 28,698 | | | $ | 28,961 | |
Non-Cash Investing Activity-Accrual for Property and Equipment, Net | | $ | 5 | | | $ | 423 | |
Non-Cash Investing Activity-Amount Payable for the Acquisition of Business | | $ | 840 | | | $ | — | |
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed consolidated financial statements.
*See Note 17
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Prosper Marketplace, Inc.
Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements
(Unaudited)
1. Basis of Presentation
The unaudited interim condensed consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles (“US GAAP”) and disclosure requirements for interim financial information and the requirements of Rule 8-03 of Regulation S-X. Accordingly, they do not include all of the information and footnotes required by US GAAP for complete financial statements. The unaudited interim condensed consolidated financial statements should be read in conjunction with the audited financial statements and notes thereto for the year ended December 31, 2014. The balance sheet at December 31, 2014 has been derived from the audited financial statements at that date. Management believes these unaudited interim condensed consolidated financial statements reflect all adjustments, consisting of a normal recurring nature, which are necessary for a fair presentation of the results for the interim periods presented. The results of operations for the interim periods are not necessarily indicative of the results that may be expected for the full year or any other interim period.
The preparation of Prosper’s condensed consolidated financial statements and related disclosures in conformity with GAAP requires management to make judgments, assumptions and estimates that affect the amounts reported in Prosper’s financial statements and accompanying notes. Prosper bases its estimates on historical experience and on various other factors it believes to be reasonable under the circumstances, the results of which form the basis for making judgments about the carrying values of certain assets and liabilities. These judgments, estimates and assumptions are inherently subjective in nature and actual results may differ from these estimates and assumptions, and the differences could be material.
The accompanying interim condensed consolidated financial statements include the accounts of PMI and its wholly-owned subsidiaries, PFL and PHL. All intercompany balances have been eliminated in consolidation.
On January 23, 2015, Prosper acquired all of the outstanding limited liability company units of American HealthCare Lending, LLC (“AHL”), a company that operated a cloud-based patient financing platform, and merged AHL with and into PHL, a newly, with PHL a newly established entity surviving the merger. Prosper’s condensed consolidated financial statements include PHL's results of operations and financial position from this date forward (see Note 8 – American HealthCare Lending Acquisition).
Reclassifications
During the period ended September 30, 2015, Prosper changed the presentation of its revenue in the consolidated statements of operations. A new line called “Gain on Sales of Borrower Loans” was created with the amounts included in this line previously classified as “Other Revenue”. Prior period amounts have been reclassified to conform to the current presentation.
Prosper also changed the definitions used to classify expenses. Expenses were previously classified as cost of services, compensation and benefits, marketing and advertising, depreciation and amortization, professional services, facilities and maintenance, class action settlement, loss on impairment of fixed assets and other. The revised classification approach replaces the previous classifications with origination and servicing, sales and marketing, and general and administration. The changes had no impact to the total expenses or net income. Prior period amounts have been reclassified to conform to the current presentation. Lastly, the subtotals were realigned to reflect the new presentation. Management believes these changes make the income statement more useful for the readers of the financial statements and comparable with Prosper’s competitors.
Prosper also changed the presentation of the servicing assets on its balance sheet by reclassifying them from “Prepaids and Other Assets” to “Servicing Assets”. Prior period amounts have been reclassified to conform to the current presentation. Management believes these changes make the income statement more useful for the readers of the financial statements and comparable with Prosper’s competitors.
2. Summary of Significant Accounting Policies
Prosper’s significant accounting policies are included in Note 2 – Summary of Significant Accounting Policies in Prosper’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2014. There have been no changes to these accounting policies during the first nine months of 2015 except for the policy related to the subsequent measurement of Loan Servicing Assets and Liabilities, which is discussed below.
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Fair Value Measurements
Financial instruments consist principally of Cash and Cash Equivalents, Restricted Cash, Investments at Fair Value, Borrower Loans, Loans Held for Sale, Accounts Receivable, Accounts Payable and Accrued Liabilities, Payable to Investors and Notes. The estimated fair values of Cash and Cash Equivalents, Restricted Cash, Accounts Receivable, Accounts Payable and Accrued Liabilities, and Payable to Investors approximate their carrying values because of their short term nature.
Borrower Loans, Loans Held for Sale and Notes
Borrower Loans, Loans Held for Sale and Notes are recorded at fair value. Prosper has adopted the provisions of ASC Topic 825, Financial Instruments (“ASC Topic 825”). ASC Topic 825 permits companies to choose to measure certain financial instruments and certain other items at fair value on an instrument-by-instrument basis with unrealized gains and losses on items for which the fair value option has been elected reported in earnings. Management believes that the fair value option is more meaningful for the readers of the financial statements and it allows both the Borrower Loans, Loans Held for Sale and Notes to be valued using the same methodology. The fair value election, with respect to an item, may not be revoked once an election is made.
Loan Servicing Assets and Liabilities
On January 1, 2015, Prosper elected to adopt the fair value method to measure the servicing assets and liabilities for all classes of servicing assets and liabilities subsequent to initial recognition. ASC Subtopic 860-50, Servicing Assets and Liabilities, allows the adoption of the fair value method at the beginning of any fiscal year. The adoption of the fair value method for a particular class is irrevocable. Prior to January 1, 2015, Prosper measured the servicing assets and liabilities using the amortized cost method. This change resulted in a $575 thousand decrease to accumulated deficit, a $546 thousand increase in net servicing assets and a $29 thousand decrease in net servicing liabilities.
Recent Accounting Pronouncements
In May 2014, as part of its ongoing efforts to assist in the convergence of US GAAP and International Financial Reporting Standards (“IFRS”), the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) 2014-09, “Revenue from Contracts with Customers.” The new guidance sets forth a new five-step revenue recognition model which replaces the prior revenue recognition guidance in its entirety and is intended to eliminate numerous industry-specific pieces of revenue recognition guidance that have historically existed in U.S. GAAP. The underlying principle of the new standard is that a business or other organization will recognize revenue to depict the transfer of promised goods or services to customers in an amount that reflects what it expects in exchange for the goods or services. The standard also requires more detailed disclosures and provides additional guidance for transactions that were not addressed completely in the prior accounting guidance. The standard will be effective for Prosper in the first quarter of fiscal 2018. Early adoption is not permitted. In August 2015, the FASB issued ASU No. 2015-14, which amended the standard to provide a one-year deferral of the effective date, as well as providing the option to early adopt the standard on the original effective date. Accordingly, Prosper may adopt the standard in either Prosper’s fiscal year ending December 31, 2017 or 2018. The guidance can be applied either retrospectively to each period presented or as a cumulative-effect adjustment as of the date of adoption. Prosper has not yet selected a transition method and is evaluating the impact of adopting this new accounting standard update on the consolidated financial statements and related disclosures.
In November 2014, the FASB issued ASU 2014-16, Derivatives and Hedging (Topic 815): Determining Whether the Host Contract in a Hybrid Financial Instrument Issued in the Form of a Share Is More Akin to Debt or to Equity to eliminate the use of different methods in practice and thereby reduce existing diversity in the accounting for hybrid financial instruments issued in the form of a share. For hybrid financial instruments issued in the form of a share, an entity should determine the nature of the contract by considering the economic characteristics and risks of the entire hybrid financial instrument. The existence or omission of any single term or feature does not necessarily determine the economic characteristics and risks of the host contract. This standard will be effective for fiscal years and interim periods within those fiscal years, beginning after December 15, 2015. Early adoption is permitted. Prosper is currently assessing the potential impact on its financial statements from adopting this new guidance.
In February 2015, the FASB issued ASU 2015-02, "Consolidation (Topic 810): Amendments to the Consolidation Analysis." ASU 2015-02 affects reporting entities that are required to evaluate whether they should consolidate certain legal entities. ASU 2015-02 is effective for periods beginning after December 15, 2015 with early adoption permitted. Prosper has decided to early adopt this guidance effective January 1, 2015, and the adoption of this standard had no impact on Prosper’s financial statements.
In April 2015, the FASB issued ASU 2015-05 “Customers’ Accounting for Fees Paid in Cloud Computing Arrangement”, which will be effective for the annual reporting period ending after December 15, 2015. The guidance changes what a customer must consider in determining whether a cloud computing arrangement contains a software license. If the arrangement contains a software license, the customer would account for the fees related to the software license element in accordance with guidance related to internal
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use software; if the arrangement does not contain a software license, the customer would account for the arrangement as a service contract. Prosper is currently assessing the potential impact on its financial statements from adopting this new guidance.
In September 2015, the FASB issued ASU No. 2015-16, Simplifying the Accounting for Measurement-Period Adjustments. The new guidance simplifies the accounting for measurement period adjustments in connection with business combinations by requiring that an acquirer recognize adjustments to provisional amounts that are identified during the measurement period in the reporting period in which the adjustment amounts are determined. This guidance is effective for financial statements issued for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2015, and interim periods within those fiscal years, with early adoption permitted. Prosper is currently assessing the potential impact on its financial statements from adopting this new guidance.
3. Property and Equipment, Net
Property and equipment consist of the following (in thousands):
| | September 30, | | | December 31, | | |
| | | 2015 | | | 2014 | | |
Property and equipment: | | | | | | | | | |
Computer equipment | | $ | 6,789 | | | $ | 3,824 | | |
Internal-use software and website development costs | | | 11,186 | | | | 4,486 | | |
Office equipment and furniture | | | 2,327 | | | | 1,904 | | |
Leasehold improvements | | | 5,646 | | | | 5,274 | | |
Assets not yet placed in service | | | 3,717 | | | | 4,361 | | |
Property and equipment | | | 29,665 | | | | 19,849 | | |
Less accumulated depreciation and amortization | | | (9,598 | ) | | | (5,425 | ) | |
Total property and equipment, net | | $ | 20,067 | | | $ | 14,424 | | |
Depreciation expense for the three months ended September 30, 2015 and 2014 was $1,309 thousand and $438 thousand respectively. Prosper capitalized internal-use software and website development costs in the amount of $1,950 thousand and $316 thousand for the three months ended September 30, 2015 and 2014, respectively. Depreciation expense for the nine months ended September 30, 2015 and 2014 was $4,426 thousand and $1,228 thousand respectively. Prosper capitalized internal-use software and website development costs in the amount of $5,883 thousand and $1,124 thousand for the nine months ended September 30, 2015 and 2014, respectively. Prosper recorded internal-use software and website development impairment charges of $0 and $233 thousand for the nine months ended September 30, 2015 and 2014 respectively, as a result of its decision to discontinue several software and website development projects. These charges are included in general and administration expenses on the condensed consolidated statement of operations.
4. Borrower Loans, Loans Held for Sale, and Notes Held at Fair Value
The aggregate principal balances outstanding and fair values of Borrower Loans, Loans Held for Sale and Notes as of September 30, 2015 and December 31, 2014, are presented in the following table (in thousands):
| | Borrower Loans | | | Notes | | | Loans Held for Sale | |
| | September 30, 2015 | | | December 31, 2014 | | | September 30, 2015 | | | December 31, 2014 | | | September 30, 2015 | | | December 31, 2014 | |
Aggregate principal balance outstanding | | $ | 285,837 | | | $ | 268,598 | | | $ | (284,562 | ) | | $ | (272,269 | ) | | $ | 44 | | | $ | 8,295 | |
Fair value adjustments | | | 625 | | | | 4,645 | | | | (2,692 | ) | | | (1,514 | ) | | | (10 | ) | | | 168 | |
Fair value | | $ | 286,462 | | | $ | 273,243 | | | $ | (287,254 | ) | | $ | (273,783 | ) | | $ | 34 | | | $ | 8,463 | |
At September 30, 2015, Borrower Loans, Loans Held for Sale and Notes had original terms to maturity of either 36 or 60 months; had monthly payments with fixed interest rates ranging from 5.32% to 33.04% and had various maturity dates through September 2020. At December 31, 2014, Borrower Loans, loans held for sale, and Notes had original maturities of either 36 or 60 months; had monthly payments with fixed interest rates ranging from 5.77% to 33.04% and had various maturity dates through December 2019.
Approximately $1.3 million and $3.4 million represents the loss that is attributable to changes in the instrument specific credit risks related to Borrower Loans that were recorded in the change in fair value during the three and nine months ending September 30, 2015, respectively.
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As of September 30, 2015, Borrower Loans that were 90 days or more delinquent had an aggregate principal amount of $1.7 million and a fair value of $0.7 million. As of December 31, 2014, Borrower Loans that were 90 days or more delinquent, had an aggregate principal amount of $1.7 million and a fair value of $0.6 million. Prosper places loans on non-accrual status when they are over 120 days past due. As of September 30, 2015 and December 31, 2014, Borrower Loans in non-accrual status had a fair value of $0.1 million and $0, respectively.
5. Loan Servicing Assets and Liabilities
Prosper accounts for servicing assets and liabilities at their estimated fair values with changes in fair values recorded in servicing fees. The initial asset or liability is recognized when Prosper sells Borrower Loans to unrelated third-party buyers and the servicing rights are retained. Prior to January 1, 2015, the initial fair value of such servicing assets or liabilities was amortized in proportion to and over the servicing period. Subsequent to January 1, 2015, the servicing assets and liabilities are measured at fair value throughout the servicing period. The total gain recognized on the sale of such Borrower Loans was $4.3 million and $1.3 million for the three months ended September 30, 2015 and 2014, respectively. The total gain recognized on the sale of such Borrower Loans was $9.9 million and $2.2 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2015 and 2014, respectively.
As of September 30, 2015, Borrower Loans that were sold but for which Prosper retained servicing rights had a total outstanding principal balance of $3,116 million, original terms of either 36 or 60 months and had monthly payments with fixed interest rates ranging from 5.32% to 31.90% and various maturity dates through September 2020. At December 31, 2014, Borrower Loans that were sold but for which Prosper retained servicing rights had a total outstanding principal balance of $1,358 million, original terms of either 36 or 60 months and had monthly payments with fixed interest rates ranging from 6.05% to 31.34% and various maturity dates through December 2019.
The fair value of the loan servicing assets and liabilities is determined using a discounted cash flow model that includes assumptions of the market servicing rate, the default rate and discount rate as important inputs (see note 6).
6. Available for Sale Investments, at Fair Value
Prosper purchased available for sale investments during the third quarter of 2015. Available for sale investments are recorded at fair value and unrealized gains and losses are reported, net of taxes, in accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) included in stockholders' equity unless management determines that an investment is other-than-temporarily impaired (OTTI).
The amortized cost, gross unrealized gains and losses, and fair value of available for sale investments as of September 30, 2015, are as follows:
| | | |
| | Amortized Cost | | | Gross Unrealized Gains | | | Gross Unrealized Losses | | | Fair Value | |
Corporate debt securities | | $ | 33,618 | | | $ | 18 | | | $ | (15 | ) | | $ | 33,621 | |
Commercial paper | | | 11,481 | | | | - | | | | - | | | | 11,481 | |
US Treasury securities | | | 2,001 | | | | 1 | | | | - | | | | 2,002 | |
Total Available for Sale Investments | | $ | 47,100 | | | $ | 19 | | | $ | (15 | ) | | $ | 47,104 | |
A summary of available for sale investments with unrealized losses as of September 30, 2015, aggregated by category and period of continuous unrealized loss, is as follows:
| | Less than 12 months | | | 12 months or longer | | | Total | |
| | Fair Value | | | Unrealized losses | | | Fair Value | | | Unrealized losses | | | Fair Value | | | Unrealized losses | |
Corporate Debt Securities | | $ | 12,602 | | | $ | (15 | ) | | $ | - | | | $ | - | | | $ | 12,602 | | | $ | (15 | ) |
Total investments with unrealized losses | | $ | 12,602 | | | $ | (15 | ) | | $ | - | | | $ | - | | | $ | 12,602 | | | $ | (15 | ) |
Management evaluates whether available for sale investment are OTTI on a quarterly basis. Debt securities with unrealized losses are considered OTTI if Prosper intends to sell the investment or if it is more likely than not that it will be required to sell such investment before any anticipated recovery. If management determines that an investment is OTTI under these circumstances, the impairment recognized in earnings is measured as the entire difference between the amortized cost and then-current fair value.
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An investment is also OTTI if management does not expect to recover all of the amortized cost of the investment. In this circumstance, the impairment recognized in earnings represents estimated credit losses, and is measured by the difference between the present value of expected cash flows and the amortized cost of the investment. Management utilizes cash flow models to estimate the expected future cash flow from the securities to estimate the credit loss. Expected cash flows are discounted using the investment's effective interest rate.
The evaluation of whether Prosper expects to recover the amortized cost of a investment is inherently judgmental. The evaluation includes the assessment of several bond performance indicators, including the current price and magnitude of the unrealized loss and whether Prosper has received all scheduled principal and interest payments. There were no impairment charges recognized during the three and nine months ending September 30, 2015.
The maturities of available for sale investments at September 30, 2015, are as follows:
| | Within 1 year | | | After 1 year through 5 years | | | After 5 years to 10years | | | After 10 years | | | Total | |
Corporate debt securities | | $ | 20,496 | | | $ | 13,125 | | | $ | - | | | $ | - | | | $ | 33,621 | |
Commercial paper | | | 11,481 | | | | - | | | | - | | | | - | | | | 11,481 | |
US Treasury securities | | | - | | | | 2,002 | | | | - | | | | - | | | | 2,002 | |
Total Fair Value | | $ | 31,977 | | | $ | 15,127 | | | $ | - | | | $ | - | | | $ | 47,104 | |
Total Amortized Cost | | $ | 31,987 | | | $ | 15,113 | | | $ | - | | | $ | - | | | $ | 47,100 | |
Prosper did not sell any available for sale investments during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2015 and as a result did not realize any gains or losses on sale.
7. Fair Value of Assets and Liabilities
For a description of the fair value hierarchy and Prosper’s fair value methodologies, see "Part IV - Item 15 - Financial Statements and Supplementary Data - Note 2 - Summary of Significant Accounting Policies" in Prosper’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2014, except for Investments at Fair value which is discussed below. Prosper did not transfer any assets or liabilities in or out of level 3 during the three months or nine months ended September 30, 2015 or the year ended December 31, 2014.
Financial Instruments Recorded at Fair Value
The fair value of the Borrower Loans, Loans Held for Sale and Notes are estimated using discounted cash flow methodologies based upon a set of valuation assumptions. The primary cash flow assumptions used to value such Borrower Loans, Loans Held for Sale and Notes include default rates derived from historical performance and discount rates applied to each credit grade based on the perceived credit risk of each credit grade. The obligation to pay principal and interest on any series of Notes is equal to the loan payments, if any, received on the corresponding Borrower Loan, net of the servicing fee. As such, the fair value of the Notes is approximately equal to the fair value of the Borrower Loans funded through the Note Channel, adjusted for the servicing fee and the timing of borrower payments subsequently disbursed to the Note holders. The effective interest rate associated with a series of Notes will be less than the interest rate earned on the corresponding Borrower Loan due to the servicing fee.
Investments held at fair value consists of available for sale investments. The available for sale investments consist of corporate and government bonds. When available, Prosper uses quoted prices in active markets to measure the fair value of securities available for sale. When utilizing market data and bid-ask spreads, Prosper uses the price within the bid-ask spread that best represents fair value. When quoted prices do not exist, Prosper uses prices obtained from independent third-party pricing services to measure the fair value of investment assets. Prosper generally obtains prices from at least two independent pricing sources for assets recorded at fair value. Prosper's primary independent pricing service provides prices based on observable trades and discounted cash flows that incorporate observable information, such as yields for similar types of securities (a benchmark interest rate plus observable spreads) and weighted-average maturity for the same or similar securities. Prosper compares the prices obtained from its primary independent pricing service to the prices obtained from the additional independent pricing services to determine if the price obtained from the primary independent pricing service is reasonable. Prosper does not adjust the prices received from independent third-party pricing services unless such prices are inconsistent with the definition of fair value and result in a material difference in the recorded amounts.
The following tables present the fair value hierarchy for assets and liabilities measured at fair value except for servicing assets and liabilities at December 31, 2014, which were measured at amortized cost and presented below at fair value for comparison purposes (in thousands):
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| |
September 30, 2015 | | Level 1 Inputs | | | Level 2 Inputs | | | Level 3 Inputs | | | Total | |
Assets: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Borrower Loans | | $ | - | | | $ | - | | | $ | 286,462 | | | $ | 286,462 | |
Loans Held for Sale | | | - | | | | | | | | 34 | | | | 34 | |
Available for Sale Investments, at Fair Value | | | - | | | | 47,104 | | | | - | | | | 47,104 | |
Servicing Assets | | | - | | | | | | | | 11,300 | | | | 11,300 | |
Total Assets | | | - | | | | 47,104 | | | | 297,796 | | | | 344,900 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Liabilities: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Notes | | $ | - | | | $ | - | | | $ | 287,254 | | | $ | 287,254 | |
Servicing Liabilities | | | - | | | | - | | | | 550 | | | | 550 | |
Total Liabilities | | $ | - | | | $ | - | | | $ | 287,804 | | | $ | 287,804 | |
December 31, 2014 | | Level 1 Inputs | | | Level 2 Inputs | | | Level 3 Inputs | | | Total | |
Assets: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Borrower Loans | | $ | - | | | $ | - | | | $ | 273,243 | | | $ | 273,243 | |
Loans Held for Sale | | | - | | | | - | | | | 8,463 | | | | 8,463 | |
Servicing Assets | | | - | | | | | | | | 4,709 | | | | 4,709 | |
Total Assets | | | - | | | | - | | | | 286,415 | | | | 286,415 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Liabilities: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Notes | | $ | - | | | $ | - | | | $ | 273,783 | | | $ | 273,783 | |
Servicing Liabilities | | | - | | | | - | | | | 595 | | | | 595 | |
Total Liabilities | | $ | - | | | $ | - | | | $ | 274,378 | | | $ | 274,378 | |
As Prosper’s Borrower Loans, Loans Held for Sale, Notes and loan servicing rights do not trade in an active market with readily observable prices, Prosper uses significant unobservable inputs to measure the fair value of these assets and liabilities. Financial instruments are categorized in the level 3 valuation hierarchy based on the significance of unobservable factors in the overall fair value measurement. These fair value estimates may also include observable, actively quoted components derived from external sources. As a result, the realized and unrealized gains and losses for assets and liabilities within the level 3 category may include changes in fair value that were attributable to both observable and unobservable inputs.
Significant Unobservable Inputs
The following tables present quantitative information about the significant unobservable inputs used for Prosper’s level 3 fair value measurements at September 30, 2015 and December 31, 2014:
Borrower Loans, Loans Held for Sale and Notes:
| | Range |
Unobservable Input | | September 30, 2015 | | December 31, 2014 |
Discount rate | | 2.9%-10.5% | | 3.3%-10.6% |
Default rate | | 2.7%-22.8% | | 2.6%-19.7% |
Servicing Rights
| | Range |
Unobservable Input | | September 30, 2015 | | December 31, 2014 |
Discount rate | | 15% - 25% | | 15% - 25% |
Default rate | | 2.0% - 21.8% | | 2.6% - 26.3% |
Market servicing rate | | 0.625% | | 0.625% - 0.70% |
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At September 30, 2015, the discounted cash flow methodology used to estimate the Note fair values used the same projected cash flows as the related Borrower Loans. As demonstrated in the following table, the fair value adjustments for Borrower Loans were largely offset by the fair value adjustments of the Notes due to the member payment dependent design of the Notes and because the principal balances of the Borrower Loans approximated the principal balances of the Notes.
The following tables present additional information about level 3 Borrower Loans, Loans Held for Sale and Notes measured at fair value on a recurring basis:
Fair Value Measurements Using Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3) | |
| | Borrower Loans | | | Notes | | | Loans Held for Sale | | | Total | |
Balance at July 1, 2015 | | $ | 284,200 | | | $ | (284,627 | ) | | $ | 1,431 | | | $ | 1,004 | |
Purchase of Borrower Loans/Issuance of Notes | | | 47,591 | | | | (47,670 | ) | | | 1,024,464 | | | | 1,024,385 | |
Principal repayments | | | (38,407 | ) | | | 38,202 | | | | (4 | ) | | | (209 | ) |
Borrower Loans sold to third parties | | | (447 | ) | | | 425 | | | | (1,025,824 | ) | | | (1,025,846 | ) |
Other changes | | | 21 | | | | (18 | ) | | | (8 | ) | | | (5 | ) |
Change in fair value | | | (6,496 | ) | | | 6,434 | | | | (25 | ) | | | (87 | ) |
Balance at September 30, 2015 | | $ | 286,462 | | | $ | (287,254 | ) | | $ | 34 | | | $ | (758 | ) |
Fair Value Measurements Using Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3) | |
| | Borrower Loans | | | Notes | | | Loans Held for Sale | | | Total | |
Balance at July 1, 2014 | | $ | 252,971 | | | $ | (253,943 | ) | | $ | 7,998 | | | $ | 7,026 | |
Purchase of Borrower Loans/Issuance of Notes | | | 44,141 | | | | (44,077 | ) | | | 443,835 | | | | 443,899 | |
Principal repayments | | | (31,244 | ) | | | 31,334 | | | | (403 | ) | | | (313 | ) |
Borrower Loans sold to third parties | | | - | | | | - | | | | (438,342 | ) | | | (438,342 | ) |
Other changes | | | 46 | | | | (22 | ) | | | 7 | | | | 31 | |
Change in fair value | | | (5,821 | ) | | | 5,842 | | | | - | | | | 21 | |
Balance at September 30, 2014 | | $ | 260,093 | | | $ | (260,866 | ) | | $ | 13,095 | | | $ | 12,322 | |
Fair Value Measurements Using Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3) | | |
| | Borrower Loans | | | Notes | | | Loans Held for Sale | | | Total | | |
Balance at January 1, 2015 | | $ | 273,243 | | | $ | (273,783 | ) | | $ | 8,463 | | | $ | 7,923 | | |
Purchase of Borrower Loans/Issuance of Notes | | | 142,103 | | | | (142,246 | ) | | | 2,426,963 | | | | 2,426,820 | | |
Principal repayments | | | (111,864 | ) | | | 111,711 | | | | (546 | ) | | | (699 | ) | |
Borrower Loans sold to third parties | | | (447 | ) | | | 425 | | | | (2,434,707 | ) | | | (2,434,729 | ) | |
Other changes | | | (108 | ) | | | 119 | | | | (18 | ) | | | (7 | ) | |
Change in fair value | | | (16,465 | ) | | | 16,520 | | | | (121 | ) | | | (66 | ) | |
Balance at September 30, 2015 | | $ | 286,462 | | | $ | (287,254 | ) | | $ | 34 | | | $ | (758 | ) | |
Fair Value Measurements Using Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3) | | |
| | Borrower Loans | | | Notes | | | Loans Held for Sale | | | Total | | |
Balance at January 1, 2014 | | $ | 233,105 | | | $ | (234,218 | ) | | $ | 3,206 | | | $ | 2,093 | | |
Purchase of Borrower Loans/Issuance of Notes | | | 130,857 | | | | (130,756 | ) | | | 919,770 | | | | 919,871 | | |
Principal repayments | | | (88,974 | ) | | | 88,909 | | | | (533 | ) | | | (598 | ) | |
Borrower Loans sold to third parties | | | - | | | | - | | | | (909,364 | ) | | | (909,364 | ) | |
Other changes | | | (54 | ) | | | 67 | | | | 16 | | | | 29 | | |
Change in fair value | | | (14,841 | ) | | | 15,132 | | | | - | | | | 291 | | |
Balance at September 30, 2014 | | $ | 260,093 | | | $ | (260,866 | ) | | $ | 13,095 | | | $ | 12,322 | | |
The following table presents additional information about level 3 servicing assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis:
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| | Servicing Assets | | | Servicing Liabilities | |
Fair Value at July 1, 2015 | | $ | 8,682 | | | $ | 606 | |
Additions | | | 4,370 | | | | 53 | |
Less: Changes in fair value | | | (1,752 | ) | | | (109 | ) |
Fair value at September 30, 2015 | | $ | 11,300 | | | $ | 550 | |
| | Servicing Assets | | | Servicing Liabilities | |
Amortized cost at January 1, 2015 | | $ | 4,163 | | | $ | 624 | |
Adjustment to adopt fair value measurement | | 546 | | | | (29 | ) |
Fair value at January 1, 2015 | | | 4,709 | | | | 595 | |
Additions | | | 10,204 | | | | 246 | |
Less: Changes in fair value | | | (3,613 | ) | | | (291 | ) |
Fair value at September 30, 2015 | | $ | 11,300 | | | $ | 550 | |
Significant Recurring Level 3 Fair Value Asset and Liability Input Sensitivity
Key economic assumptions and the sensitivity of the current fair value to immediate changes in those assumptions at September 30, 2015 for Borrower Loans, Loans Held for Sale and Notes funded through the Note Channel are presented in the following table (in thousands, except percentages):
| | Borrower Loans and Loans Held for Sale | | | Notes | | |
Discount rate assumption: | | 4.57 | | %* | 4.57 | | %* |
Resulting fair value from: | | | | | | | | | |
100 basis point increase | | $ | 283,684 | | | $ | 284,453 | | |
200 basis point increase | | | 280,688 | | | | 281,443 | | |
Resulting fair value from: | | | | | | | | | |
100 basis point decrease | | $ | 289,923 | | | $ | 290,720 | | |
200 basis point decrease | | | 293,172 | | | | 293,985 | | |
Default rate assumption: | | 12.73 | | %* | 12.73 | | %* |
Resulting fair value from: | | | | | | | | | |
100 basis point increase | | $ | 283,157 | | | $ | 283,915 | | |
200 basis point increase | | | 279,610 | | | | 280,343 | | |
Resulting fair value from: | | | | | | | | | |
100 basis point decrease | | $ | 290,392 | | | $ | 291,201 | | |
200 basis point decrease | | | 294,042 | | | | 294,877 | | |
* | Represents weighted average assumptions considering all credit grades. |
These sensitivities are hypothetical and should be evaluated with care. The effect on fair value of a fixed basis points variation in assumptions generally cannot be determined because the relationship of the change in assumptions to the fair value may not be linear. Additionally, the impact of a variation in a particular assumption on the fair value is calculated while holding other assumptions constant. In reality, changes in one factor may lead to changes in other factors, which could impact the above hypothetical effects.
The following table presents the estimated impact on Prosper’s estimated fair value of servicing assets and liabilities, calculated using different market servicing rates and different default rates as of September 30, 2015 (in thousands, except percentages).
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| | Servicing Assets | | | Servicing Liabilities | | |
Market servicing rate assumptions | | | 0.625 | % | | | 0.625 | % | |
Resulting fair value from: | | | | | | | | | |
Market servicing rate increase to 0.65% | | $ | 10,462 | | | $ | (605 | ) | |
Market servicing rate decrease to 0.60% | | $ | 12,138 | | | $ | (496 | ) | |
Weighted average default assumptions | | | 14 | % | | | 14 | % | |
Resulting fair value from: | | | | | | | | | |
100 basis point increase | | $ | 11,091 | | | $ | (550 | ) | |
100 basis point decrease | | $ | 11,510 | | | $ | (551 | ) | |
These sensitivities are hypothetical and should be evaluated with care. The effect on fair value of a 10% variation in assumptions generally cannot be determined because the relationship of the change in assumptions to the fair value may not be linear. Additionally, the impact of a variation in a particular assumption on the fair value is calculated while holding other assumptions constant. In reality, changes in one factor may lead to changes in other factors, which could impact the above hypothetical effects.
8. American HealthCare Lending Acquisition
On January 23, 2015, Prosper acquired all of the outstanding limited liability company interests of AHL, and merged AHL with and into PHL, with PHL surviving the merger (the “Merger”). Under the terms of the purchase agreement, the sellers of AHL received an aggregate of $20.2 million in cash on the closing date and will receive $0.8 million in cash one year after the closing date subject to general representations and warranties.
PHL operates a cloud-based patient financing company for healthcare providers in the cosmetic, dentistry, bariatric surgery, fertility, plastic surgery and other markets. PHL has relationships with a nationwide network of healthcare providers. These healthcare providers refer individuals who would like to finance medical procedures to the Prosper platform. Prosper has included the financial results of PHL in the condensed consolidated financial statements from the date of acquisition. The amounts of net revenue and loss of PHL included in Prosper’s condensed consolidated statement of operations from the merger date of January 23, 2015 to September 30, 2015 were $2.1 million and $3.3 million, respectively. Prosper recorded acquisition-related expenses $0.2 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2015, which is included in general and administrative expense.
The preliminary purchase price allocation as of the merger date is as follows (in thousands):
| | Fair Value | |
Assets: | | | | |
Cash | | $ | 1,219 | |
Accounts Receivable | | | 147 | |
Property, equipment and software | | | 6 | |
Other assets | | | 63 | |
Identified intangible assets | | | 3,520 | |
Goodwill | | | 16,825 | |
| | | | |
Liabilities: | | | | |
Accrued expenses and other liabilities | | | 708 | |
Total purchase consideration | | $ | 21,072 | |
The allocation of the purchase price is preliminary and subject to further adjustment as information relative to closing date balances and related tax balances are finalized.
The goodwill balance is primarily attributed to expected operational synergies and the assembled workforce. Goodwill is expected to be deductible for U.S. income tax purposes.
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Intangible assets as of September 30, 2015 are as follows (in thousands):
| | September 30, 2015 | |
| | Gross Carrying Value | | | Accumulated Amortization | | | Net Carrying Value | | | Remaining Useful Life (In Years) | |
Customer relationships | | $ | 2,650 | | | $ | (321 | ) | | $ | 2,329 | | | | 9.3 | |
Technology | | | 810 | | | | (180 | ) | | | 630 | | | | 2.3 | |
Brand name | | | 60 | | | | (40 | ) | | | 20 | | | | 0.3 | |
Total intangible assets subject to amortization | | $ | 3,520 | | | $ | (541 | ) | | $ | 2,979 | | | | | |
The customer relationship intangible assets are being amortized on an accelerated basis over a 10 year period. The technology and brand name intangible assets are being amortized on a straight line basis over three and one years, respectively. Amortization expense associated with intangible assets for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2015 was $203 thousand and $541 thousand respectively.
Prosper valued the customer relationships, technology and brand name assets using the income approach. Significant assumptions include forecasts of revenues, costs of revenues, operating expenses and customer attrition rates.
The impact was not material on Prosper’s revenue and net earnings on a pro forma basis for all periods presented.
9. Net Loss Per Share
The weighted average shares used in calculating basic and diluted net loss per share excludes certain shares that are disclosed as outstanding shares in the condensed consolidated balance sheets because such shares are restricted as they were associated with options that were early exercised and continue to remain unvested.
Basic and diluted net loss per share was calculated as follows:
| | Three Months Ended September 30, | | | Nine Months Ended September 30, | |
| | 2015 | | | 2014 | | | 2015 | | | 2014 | |
Numerator: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Net Income (loss) (in thousands) | | $ | (3,843 | ) | | $ | 3,344 | | | $ | (17,324 | ) | | $ | 1,340 | |
Less: Excess return to preferred shareholders on repurchase | | | - | | | | (14,892 | ) | | | - | | | | (14,892 | ) |
Net loss available to common stockholders for basic and diluted loss per share (in thousands) | | $ | (3,843 | ) | | $ | (11,548 | ) | | $ | (17,324 | ) | | $ | (13,552 | ) |
Denominator: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Weighted average shares used in computing basic and diluted net loss per share | | | 11,181,553 | | | | 9,179,426 | | | | 10,949,396 | | | | 8,620,434 | |
Basic and Diluted net loss per share | | $ | (0.34 | ) | | $ | (1.26 | ) | | $ | (1.58 | ) | | $ | (1.57 | ) |
The following common stock equivalents were excluded from the computation of diluted net loss per share for the periods presented because including them would have been anti-dilutive:
| | Three Months Ended September 30, | | | Nine Months Ended September 30, | |
| | 2015 | | | 2014 | | | 2015 | | | 2014 | |
| | (shares) | | | (shares) | | | (shares) | | | (shares) | |
Excluded securities: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Convertible preferred stock issued and outstanding | | | 35,477,685 | | | | 30,699,957 | | | | 35,477,685 | | | | 30,699,957 | |
Stock options issued and outstanding | | | 7,012,630 | | | | 4,540,101 | | | | 6,518,522 | | | | 4,540,101 | |
Unvested stock options exercised | | | 2,381,385 | | | | 4,768,109 | | | | 2,381,385 | | | | 4,768,109 | |
Warrants issued and outstanding | | | 120,471 | | | | 197,870 | | | | 120,471 | | | | 197,870 | |
Total common stock equivalents excluded from diluted net loss per common share computation | | | 44,992,171 | | | | 40,206,037 | | | | 44,498,063 | | | | 40,206,037 | |
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10. Convertible Preferred Stock and Stockholders’ Deficit
Convertible Preferred Stock
Under Prosper’s amended and restated certificate of incorporation, preferred stock is issuable in series, and the board of directors is authorized to determine the rights, preferences, and terms of each series.
In April 2015, Prosper issued and sold 4,777,728 shares of new Series D (“New Series D”) convertible preferred stock in a private placement at a purchase price of $34.54 per share for proceeds of approximately $164.8 million, net of issuance costs. The New Series D convertible preferred stock was sold in reliance on the exemption from the registration requirements of the Securities Act set forth in Section 4(2) of the Securities Act and Regulation D promulgated thereunder regarding sales by an issuer not involving a public offering. The purpose of the New Series D private placement was to raise funds for general corporate needs and for the share repurchase discussed below.
Dividends
Dividends on shares of the New Series D convertible preferred stock are payable only when, as, and if declared by the Board of Directors. No dividends will be paid with respect to the common stock until any declared dividends on the New Series A, New Series B, New Series C and New Series D convertible preferred stock have been paid or set aside for payment to the New Series A, New Series B, New Series C and New Series D convertible preferred stockholders. After payment of any such dividends, any additional dividends or distributions will be distributed among all holders of common stock and preferred stock in proportion to the number of shares of common stock that would be held by each such holder if all shares of preferred stock were converted to common stock at the then effective conversion rate. To date, no dividends have been declared on any of Prosper’s preferred stock or common stock, and there are no dividends in arrears at September 30, 2015.
Liquidation Rights
Prosper’s convertible preferred stock has been classified as temporary equity on the accompanying balance sheets. The preferred stock is not redeemable; however, in the event of a voluntary or involuntary liquidation, dissolution, change in control or winding up of Prosper, holders of convertible preferred stock may have the right to receive such convertible preferred stock’s liquidation preference under the terms of Prosper’s certificate of incorporation.
The New Series D convertible preferred stock is entitled to receive, on a pari passu basis, prior and in preference to any distribution of proceeds from a liquidation event to the holders of Series A-1 preferred stock or common stock, an amount per share for each share of New D convertible preferred stock equal to the sum of the liquidation preference specified for such share and all declared but unpaid dividends, if any, on such share. After the payment or setting aside for payment to the holders of New Series A, New Series B, New Series C and New Series D convertible preferred stock, the holders of Series A-1 convertible preferred stock are entitled to receive, prior and in preference to any distribution of proceeds to the holders of common stock an amount per share for each such share of Series A-1 convertible preferred stock equal to the sum of the liquidation preference specified for such share and all declared but unpaid dividends, if any, on such share. After the payment or setting aside for payment to the holders of New Series A, New Series B, New Series C convertible preferred stock and Series A-1 convertible preferred stock, the entire remaining proceeds legally available for distribution will be distributed pro rata to the holders of New Series A convertible preferred stock and common stock in proportion to the number of shares of common stock held by them assuming the New Series A convertible preferred stock has been converted into shares of common stock at the then effective conversion rate, provided that the maximum aggregate amount per share of New Series A convertible preferred stock which the holders of New Series A convertible preferred stock shall be entitled to receive is three times the original issue price for the new Series A convertible preferred stock. At present, the liquidation preferences are equal to $1.44 per share for the New Series A convertible preferred stock, $10.00 per share for the Series A-1 convertible preferred stock, $3.02 per share for the New Series B convertible preferred stock, $14.36 per share for the New Series C convertible preferred stock and $34.54 for the New Series D convertible preferred stock.
Voting
Each holder of shares of convertible preferred stock is entitled to the number of votes equal to the number of shares of common stock into which such shares of convertible preferred stock could be converted and has voting rights and powers equal to the voting rights and powers of the common stock. The holders of convertible preferred stock and the holders of common stock vote together as a single class (except with respect to certain matters that require separate votes or as required by law), and are entitled to notice of any stockholders’ meeting in accordance with Prosper’s bylaws.
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The number of authorized, issued and outstanding shares, their par value and liquidation preference for each series of convertible preferred stock as of September 30, 2015 are disclosed in the table below (amounts in thousands except share and per share amounts):
Convertible Preferred Stock | | Par Value | | | Authorized shares | | | Outstanding and Issued shares | | | Liquidation Preference | |
New Series A | | $ | 0.01 | | | | 13,711,644 | | | | 13,711,644 | | | $ | 19,774 | |
Series A-1 | | | 0.01 | | | | 4,952,183 | | | | 4,952,183 | | | | 49,522 | |
New Series B | | | 0.01 | | | | 7,155,176 | | | | 7,155,176 | | | | 21,581 | |
New Series C | | | 0.01 | | | | 4,880,954 | | | | 4,880,954 | | | | 70,075 | |
New Series D | | | 0.01 | | | | 4,777,728 | | | | 4,777,728 | | | | 165,000 | |
| | | | | | | 35,477,685 | | | | 35,477,685 | | | $ | 325,952 | |
Common Stock
Prosper, through its amended and restated certificate of incorporation, is the sole issuer of common stock and related options and warrants. In April 2015, Prosper amended and restated its certificate of incorporation to effect an increase in the number of authorized shares of stock. The total number of shares of stock which Prosper has the authority to issue is 89,542,900, consisting of 54,065,215 shares of common stock, $0.01 par value per share, and 35,477,685 shares of preferred stock, $0.01 par value per share. As of September 30, 2015, 14,058,509 shares of common stock were issued and 13,871,322 shares of common stock were outstanding. As of December 31, 2014, 14,448,700 shares of common stock were issued and 14,448,700 shares of common stock were outstanding. Each holder of common stock is entitled to one vote for each share of common stock held.
On June 12, 2015, Prosper repurchased 777,025 shares of common stock from certain employees at a price equal to $34.54 per share for an aggregate purchase price of $26.8 million. As the purchase price exceeded the fair value of common stock at the time of the repurchase, Prosper recognized compensation costs of $5.7 million of which $0.13 million is recorded in Origination and Servicing, $0.04 million in Sales and Marketing and $5.50 million in General and Administrative on the Condensed Consolidated Statement of Operations. As part of this transaction Prosper repurchased 721,419 shares for a total of $24.9 million from Prosper’s executive officers.
On September 11, 2015, Prosper repurchased 68,073 shares of common stock from certain employees at a price equal to $34.54 per share for an aggregate purchase price of $2.4 million. As the purchase price exceeded the fair value of common stock at the time of the repurchase, Prosper recognized compensation costs of $0.5 million of which $0.2 million is recorded in Origination and Servicing, $0.03 million in Sales and Marketing and $0.2 million in General and Administrative on the Condensed Consolidated Statement of Operations. None of these repurchases were from Prosper’s executive officers.
Common Stock Issued upon Exercise of Stock Options
During the nine months ended September 30, 2015 Prosper issued 628,150 shares of common stock, upon the exercise of options for cash proceeds of $0.77 million, of which 15,209 shares were unvested. With the approval of Prosper’s board of directors, Prosper allows certain employees and directors to exercise stock options granted under the 2005 Plan prior to vesting. The unvested shares are subject to Prosper’s repurchase right at the original exercise price. Early exercises of options are not deemed to be substantive exercises for accounting purposes and therefore, amounts received for early exercises are initially recorded in Repurchase Liability for Unvested Restricted Stock Awards. Such amounts are reclassified to common stock and additional paid-in capital as the underlying shares vest. At September 30, 2015 and December 31, 2014, there were 2,381,385 and 4,112,269 shares respectively of restricted stock outstanding that remain unvested and subject to Prosper’s right of repurchase.
For the nine months ended September 30, 2015, Prosper repurchased 291,536 shares of restricted stock for $130 thousand upon termination of employment of various employees.
Common Stock Issued upon Exercise of Warrants
For the nine months ended September 30, 2015, Prosper issued 38,674 shares of common stock upon the exercise of warrants for aggregate proceeds of $120 thousand.
11. Share Based Incentive Plan and Compensation
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In 2005, Prosper’s stockholders approved the adoption of the 2005 Stock Plan. In December 2010, Prosper’s stockholders approved the adoption of the Amended and Restated 2005 Stock Plan (the “2005 Plan”). The 2005 Plan expired during the three months ending September 30, 2015 and Prosper’s stockholders approved the adoption of the 2015 Equity Incentive Plan (the “2015 Plan”). As of September 30, 2015 under the 2005 Plan, up to 14,273,773 shares of common stock are reserved and may be issued to employees, directors, and consultants by Prosper’s board of directors and stockholders to promote the success of its business. As of September 30, 2015 under the 2015 Plan, up to 2,349,901 shares of common stock are reserved and may be granted to employees, directors, and consultants by Prosper’s board of directors and stockholders to promote the success of its business. Options generally vest 25% one year from the vesting commencement date and 1/48th per month thereafter. In no event are options exercisable more than ten years after the date of grant.
At September 30, 2015, there were 1,537,101 shares available for grant under the 2015 Plan and zero shares available for grant under the 2005 Plan.
Early Exercised Stock Options
The activity of options that were early exercised under the 2005 Plan for the nine months ended September 30, 2015 is below:
| | Early exercised options, unvested | | | Weighted average exercise price | | |
Balance as of January 1, 2015 | | | 4,112,269 | | | $ | 0.25 | | |
Exercise of non-vested stock options | | | 15,209 | | | | 5.54 | | |
Repurchase of restricted stock | | | (291,536 | ) | | | 0.45 | | |
Restricted stock vested | | | (1,454,557 | ) | | | 0.27 | | |
Balance as of September 30, 2015 | | | 2,381,385 | | | $ | 0.24 | | |
Additional information regarding the unvested early exercised stock options outstanding as of September 30, 2015 is as follows:
| | | | Options Outstanding | |
Range of | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Exercise | | | Number | | | Weighted –Avg. | | | Weighted –Avg. | |
Prices | | | Outstanding | | | Remaining Life | | | Exercise Price | |
$ | 0.10 | | | | 2,220,565 | | | | 1.39 | | | $ | 0.10 | |
0.57 | | | | 116,814 | | | | 2.35 | | | | 0.57 | |
5.65 | | | | 41,506 | | | | 2.84 | | | | 5.65 | |
18.11 | | | | 2,500 | | | | 3.42 | | | | 18.11 | |
$0.10 - $18.11 | | | | 2,381,385 | | | | 1.46 | | | $ | 0.24 | |
Stock Option Activity
Stock option activity under the 2005 Plan and 2015 Plan is summarized for the nine months ended September 30, 2015 below:
| | Options Issued and Outstanding | | | Weighted- Average Exercise Price | | |
Balance as of January 1, 2015 | | | 4,994,998 | | | $ | 1.85 | | |
Options granted | | | 3,358,114 | | | | 20.55 | | |
Options exercised – vested | | | (612,941 | ) | | | 1.12 | | |
Options exercised – nonvested | | | (15,209 | ) | | | 5.54 | | |
Options forfeited | | | (689,484 | ) | | | 4.83 | | |
Balance as of September 30, 2015 | | | 7,035,478 | | | | 10.53 | | |
| | | | | | | | | |
Options vested and/or exercisable at September 30, 2015 | | | 5,554,074 | | | | 8.43 | | |
For the nine months ended September 30, 2015, Prosper granted stock options to purchase 3,358,114 shares of common stock with a weighted average grant date fair value of $14.52 per share and an estimated aggregate fair value of approximately $48.8 million.
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Other Information Regarding Stock Options
Additional information regarding common stock options outstanding as of September 30, 2015 is as follows:
| | Options Outstanding | | | Options Vested and Exercisable | |
| | | | | | Weighted – | | | Weighted – | | | | | | | Weighted - | |
Range of | | | | | | Avg. | | | Avg. | | | | | | | Avg. | |
Exercise | | Number | | | Remaining | | | Exercise | | | Number | | | Exercise | |
Prices | | Outstanding | | | Life | | | Price | | | Vested | | | Price | |
$0.10 - $0.99 | | | 2,553,872 | | | | 8.33 | | | $ | 0.55 | | | | 2,553,872 | | | $ | 0.55 | |
1.00 - 4.99 | | | 180,372 | | | | 5.56 | | | | 1.67 | | | | 176,271 | | | | 1.67 | |
5.00 - 9.99 | | | 1,075,995 | | | | 8.82 | | | | 5.64 | | | | 456,492 | | | | 5.64 | |
10.00 - 19.99 | | | 2,367,439 | | | | 9.38 | | | | 18.11 | | | | 2,367,439 | | | | 18.11 | |
20.00 - 27.45 | | | 857,800 | | | | 9.74 | | | | 27.34 | | | | - | | | | - | |
$0.10 - $27.45 | | | 7,035,478 | | | | 8.86 | | | $ | 10.53 | | | | 5,554,074 | | | $ | 8.49 | |
The fair value of options granted to employees is estimated on the grant date using the Black-Scholes option valuation model. This valuation model for stock-based compensation expense requires Prosper to make assumptions and judgments about the variables used in the calculation, including the fair value of its common stock, the expected term (the period of time that the options granted are expected to be outstanding), the volatility of its common stock value, a risk-free interest rate, and expected dividends.
Given the absence of a publicly traded market, Prosper considered numerous objective and subjective factors to determine the fair value of its common stock at each grant date. These factors included, but were not limited to, (i) contemporaneous valuations of common stock performed by unrelated third-party specialists; (ii) the prices for its preferred stock sold to outside investors; (iii) the rights, preferences and privileges of its preferred stock relative to its common stock; (iv) the lack of marketability of its common stock; (v) developments in its business; (vi) secondary transactions of its common and preferred shares and (vii) the likelihood of achieving a liquidity event, such as an initial public offering or a merger or acquisition of Prosper, given prevailing market conditions.
Prosper also estimates forfeitures of unvested stock options. To the extent actual forfeitures differ from the estimates, the difference will be recorded as a cumulative adjustment in the period estimates are revised. No compensation cost is recorded for options that do not vest.
As Prosper’s stock is not publicly traded, the expected volatility of its stock price is based on an average of the historical volatilities of the common stock of several entities with characteristics similar to those of Prosper. The expected term assumptions is based on the expected life of the stock options giving consideration to the contractual terms and vesting schedules. The risk-free rate is based on the U.S. Treasury yield curve in effect at the time of grant for periods corresponding with the expected life of the option. Prosper uses an expected dividend yield of zero as it does not anticipate paying any dividends in the foreseeable future. Expected forfeitures are based on Prosper’s historical experience.
The fair value of Prosper’s stock option awards for the three months and nine months ended September 30, 2015 and 2014 was estimated at the date of grant using the Black-Scholes model with the following average assumptions:
| Three Months Ended | | Nine Months Ended | |
| | September 30, | | | September 30, | |
| | 2015 | | | 2014 | | | 2015 | | | 2014 | |
Volatility of common stock | | | 50.71 | % | | | 57.63 | % | | | 56.14 | % | | | 67.95 | % |
Risk-free interest rate | | | 1.70 | % | | | 1.72 | % | | | 1.71 | % | | | 1.76 | % |
Expected life | 6.0 years | | | 5.9 years | | 6.0 years | | | 5.6 years | |
Dividend yield | | | 0 | % | | | 0 | % | | | 0 | % | | | 0 | % |
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During the nine months ended September 30, 2015, Prosper issued 90,000 shares of restricted stock to employees at a purchase price of $18.11 per share. One third of these shares vest on the annual anniversary date of the grant over the three year term of the agreement.
The following table presents the amount of stock-based compensation related to stock-based awards granted to employees recognized in Prosper’s condensed consolidated statements of operations during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2015 and 2014 (in thousands):
| | Three Months Ended September 30, | | | Nine Months Ended September 30, | |
| | 2015 | | | 2014 | | | 2015 | | | 2014 | |
Origination and servicing | | $ | 369 | | | $ | 14 | | | $ | 805 | | | $ | 139 | |
Sales and marketing | | | 669 | | | | 22 | | | | 1,734 | | | | 53 | |
General and administrative | | | 2,209 | | | | 237 | | | | 4,900 | | | | 571 | |
Total stock based compensation | | $ | 3,247 | | | $ | 273 | | | $ | 7,439 | | | $ | 763 | |
During the three months ended September 30, 2015 and 2014, Prosper capitalized $202 thousand and $8 thousand respectively, of stock-based compensation as internal use software and website development costs. During the nine months ended September 30, 2015 and 2014, Prosper capitalized $499 thousand and $18 thousand respectively, of stock-based compensation as internal use software and website development costs. As of September 30, 2015, the unamortized stock-based compensation expense adjusted for forfeiture estimates related to Prosper’s employees’ unvested stock-based awards was approximately $36.4 million, which will be recognized over the remaining weighted-average vesting period of approximately 3.2 years.
12. Income Taxes
For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2015, Prosper recognized $35 thousand and $284 thousand respectively of income tax expense. The income tax expense relates to state income tax expense and the amortization of tax deductible goodwill which gives rise to an indefinite-lived deferred tax liability. No other income tax expense or benefit was recorded for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2015 and 2014 due to a full valuation allowance recorded against our deferred tax assets.
Management assesses the available positive and negative evidence to estimate if sufficient future taxable income will be generated to utilize our existing deferred tax assets. On the basis of this evaluation, it is not more likely than not that our deferred tax assets will be realized and therefore a full valuation allowance has been.
Prosper files U.S. Federal and multiple state tax returns. Prosper is currently not subject to any income tax examinations in any jurisdiction. Due to Prosper’s losses, generally income tax returns related to all years remain open to examination.
The net amount of unrecognized tax benefits as of September 30, 2015 is $4.9 million related to the uncertainty of whether Prosper will be allowed to utilize certain California NOL carryforwards and R&D credits to offset future taxable income due to Section 382 limitations. Prosper does not expect any material changes in the next 12 months to its unrecognized tax benefits.
Subsequent to the issuance of the consolidated financial statements for the year ended December 31, 2014, Prosper identified an error that affected the disclosure of Unrecognized Tax Benefits as of December 31, 2014. The error was the result of presenting a portion of the unrecognized tax benefit gross of the application of the applicable tax rate, which resulted in an overstatement of the amount. The amount of unrecognized tax benefits as of January 1, 2015 has been revised to reflect the correction of the error. All unrecognized tax benefits are netted against deferred tax assets with a full valuation allowance. If these amounts are recognized there will be no effect on Prosper's effective tax rate due to the full valuation allowance.
The following table summarizes Prosper’s activity related to its unrecognized tax benefits (in thousands):
Beginning balance as of January 1, 2015 | | $ | 4,927 | |
Decrease related to prior year positions | | | - | |
Increase related to current year positions | | | - | |
Ending balance as of September 30, 2015 | | $ | 4,927 | |
The unrecognized tax benefits would not affect income tax expense if recognized, after consideration of the valuation allowance. Prosper recognizes interest and/or penalties related to uncertain tax positions. To the extent accrued interest and penalties do not ultimately become payable, amounts accrued will be reduced and reflected in the period that such determination is made. The interest and penalties are recognized as other expense in the income statement. Prosper currently has no interest and penalties related to uncertain tax positions.
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13. Commitments and Contingencies
Future Minimum Lease Payments
During 2014, Prosper entered into leases for its new corporate headquarters at 221 Main Street in San Francisco, California and for its co-location facility. The 221 Main Street lease is a non-cancelable operating lease that expires in February 2023. The co-location facility lease expired in August 2015. In 2014, Prosper entered into a lease for office space in Phoenix, Arizona under an operating lease that expires in July 2021. In 2015, Prosper entered into a lease for office space in Lehi, Utah and San Francisco, California under operating leases that expire in February 2027 and February 2023, respectively.
Future minimum rental payments under these leases as of September 30, 2015 are as follows (in thousands):
Remaining three months of 2015 | | | 994 | |
2016 | | | 5,976 | |
2017 | | | 7,700 | |
2018 | | | 8,133 | |
2019 | | | 8,364 | |
2020 | | | 8,601 | |
Thereafter | | | 26,820 | |
Total future operating lease obligations | | $ | 66,588 | |
Rental expense under operating lease arrangements was $1.0 million and $0.7 million for the three months ended September 30, 2015 and 2014, respectively. Rental expense under operating lease arrangements was $2.7 million and $1.1 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2015 and 2014, respectively.
Operating Commitments
Prosper has an agreement with WebBank, under which all Borrower Loans originated through Prosper’s marketplace are made by WebBank under its bank charter. The arrangement allows for Borrower Loans to be offered to borrowers nationwide on uniform terms. Prosper is required to pay the greater of a monthly minimum fee or a fee calculated based on a certain percentage of monthly Borrower Loan origination volume. The minimum annual fee for the year ended December 31, 2015 is $1.4 million.
Loan Purchase Commitments
Prosper has entered into an agreement with WebBank to purchase $38.8 million of Borrower Loans that WebBank is originating within the first two business days of the three months ended December 31, 2015.
Repurchase and Indemnification Contingency
Under the terms of the loan purchase agreements between Prosper and investor members that participate in the Whole Loan Channel, Prosper may, in certain circumstances, become obligated to repurchase a Borrower Loan from an investor member. Generally, these circumstances include the occurrence of verifiable identity theft, the failure to properly follow loan listing or bidding protocols, or a violation of the applicable federal, state, or local lending laws. The fair value of the indemnification and repurchase obligation is estimated based on historical experience and the initial fair value is insignificant. Prosper recognizes a liability for the repurchase and indemnification obligation when the Borrower Loans are issued. Indemnified or repurchased Borrower Loans associated with violations of federal, state, or local lending laws or verifiable identity theft are written off at the time of repurchase or at the time an indemnification payment is made. The maximum potential amount of future payments associated under this obligation is the outstanding balances of the Borrower Loans issued through the Whole Loan Channel, which at September 30, 2015 is $3,116 million. Prosper has accrued $298 thousand and $171 thousand as of September 30, 2015 and December 31, 2014, respectively in regard to this obligation.
Securities Law Compliance
From inception through October 16, 2008, Prosper sold approximately $178.0 million of Borrower Loans to investor members through its old platform structure, whereby Prosper assigned promissory notes directly to investor members. Prosper did not register the offer and sale of the promissory notes corresponding to these Borrower Loans under the Securities Act or under the registration or qualification provisions of any state securities laws. Prosper believes that the question of whether or not the operation of the platform during this period constituted an offer or sale of “securities” involved a complicated factual and legal analysis and was uncertain. If
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the sales of promissory notes offered through the platform during this period were viewed as a securities offering, Prosper would have failed to comply with the registration and qualification requirements of federal and state laws.
Prosper’s decision to restructure the platform and cease sales of promissory notes offered through the platform effective October 16, 2008 limited this contingent liability to the period covering its activities prior to October 16, 2008.
On April 21, 2009, Prosper and the North American Securities Administrators Association (“NASAA”) reached agreement on the terms of a model consent order between Prosper and the states in which it, under its initial platform structure, offered promissory notes for sale directly to investor members prior to November 2008. The consent order involves payment by Prosper of up to an aggregate of $1 million in penalties, which have been allocated among the states based on Prosper’s promissory note sale transaction volume in each state prior to November 2008. A state that enters into a consent order receives its portion of the $1 million in exchange for its agreement to terminate, or refrain from initiating, any investigation of our promissory note sale activities prior to November 2008. Penalties are paid promptly after a state enters into a consent order. NASAA has recommended that each state enter into a consent order; however, no state is obliged to do so, and there is no deadline by which a state must make its decision. Prosper is not required to pay any portion of the penalty to those states that do not elect to enter into a consent order. If a state does not enter into a consent order, it is free to pursue its own remedies against Prosper, subject to any applicable statute of limitations. As of September 30, 2015, Prosper has entered into consent orders with 35 states and has paid an aggregate of $0.48 million in penalties to those states.
As of September 30, 2015 and December 31, 2014, Prosper has accrued approximately $0.23 million and $0.25 million, respectively, in connection with the contingent liability associated with the states that have not entered into consent orders, in accordance with ASC Topic 450, Contingencies. The methodology applied to estimate the accrual was to divide the $1 million maximum fee pro-rata by state, using Prosper’s promissory note sales from inception through November 2008. A weighting was then applied by state to each state that has not entered into a consent order, assigning a likelihood that the penalty will be claimed. In estimating the probability of a claim being made by a state, Prosper considered factors such as the standard terms of the consent orders; whether the state ever gave any indication of concern regarding the sale of promissory notes through the platform; the probability of a state electing not to enter into a consent order in order to pursue its own litigation against Prosper; whether the penalty is sufficient to compensate a state for the cost of processing the settlement consent order; and finally the impact that current economic conditions have had on state governments. Prosper will continue to evaluate this accrual and related assumptions as new information becomes known.
In 2008, plaintiffs filed a class action lawsuit against Prosper and certain of its executive officers and directors in the Superior Court of California, County of San Francisco, California. The suit was brought on behalf of all promissory note purchasers on the platform from January 1, 2006 through October 14, 2008. The lawsuit alleged that Prosper offered and sold unqualified and unregistered securities in violation of the California and federal securities laws. On July 19, 2013 solely to avoid the costs, risks and uncertainties inherent in litigation, and without admitting any liability or wrongdoing, the parties to the class action litigation agreed to enter into a settlement to resolve all claims related thereto (the “Settlement”). In connection with the Settlement, Prosper agreed to pay an aggregate amount of $10 million into a settlement fund, split into four annual installments of $2 million in 2014, $2 million in 2015, $3 million in 2016 and $3 million in 2017. The Settlement received final approval in a final order and judgment entered by the Superior Court on April 16, 2014. Pursuant to the final order and judgment, the claims in the class action were dismissed, and the defendants were released by the plaintiffs from all claims that were or could have been asserted concerning the issues alleged in the class action lawsuit. The reserve for the class action settlement liability is $5.9 million in the condensed consolidated balance sheet as of September 30, 2015.
14. Related Parties
Since Prosper’s inception, it has engaged in various transactions with its directors, executive officers and holders of more than 10% of its voting securities, and immediate family members and other affiliates of its directors, executive officers and 10% stockholders. Prosper believes that all of the transactions described below were made on terms no less favorable to Prosper than could have been obtained from unaffiliated third parties.
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Prosper’s executive officers, directors who are not executive officers and certain affiliates participate in its marketplace by placing bids and purchasing Notes. The aggregate amount of the Notes purchased and the income earned by parties deemed to be affiliates and related parties of Prosper for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2015 and 2014, as well as the Notes outstanding as of September 30, 2015 and December 31, 2014 are summarized below (in thousands):
| | Aggregate Amount of Notes Purchased | | | Interest Earned on Notes | |
| | Nine Months Ended September 30, | | | Nine Months Ended September 30, | |
Related Party | | 2015 | | | 2014 | | | 2015 | | | 2014 | |
Executive officers and management | | $ | 1,232 | | | $ | 591 | | | $ | 152 | | | $ | 110 | |
Directors | | | 31 | | | | 22 | | | | 6 | | | | 7 | |
Total | | $ | 1,263 | | | $ | 613 | | | $ | 158 | | | $ | 117 | |
| | Aggregate Amount of Notes Purchased | | | Interest Earned on Notes | |
| | Three Months Ended September 30, | | | Three Months Ended September 30, | |
Related Party | | 2015 | | | 2014 | | | 2015 | | | 2014 | |
Executive officers and management | | $ | 386 | | | $ | 188 | | | $ | 53 | | | $ | 41 | |
Directors | | | 10 | | | | 19 | | | | 2 | | | | 2 | |
Total | | $ | 396 | | | $ | 207 | | | $ | 55 | | | $ | 43 | |
| | Notes Balance as of | |
Related Party | | September 30, 2015 | | | December 31, 2014 | |
Executive officers and management | | $ | 2,173 | | | $ | 1,614 | |
Directors | | | 99 | | | | 76 | |
| | $ | 2,272 | | | $ | 1,690 | |
15. Postretirement Benefit Plans
Prosper has a 401(k) plan that covers all employees meeting certain eligibility requirements. The 401(k) plan is designed to provide tax-deferred retirement benefits in accordance with the provisions of Section 401(k) of the Internal Revenue Code. Eligible employees may defer eligible compensation up to the annual maximum as determined by the Internal Revenue Service. Prosper’s contributions to the 401(k) plan are discretionary. During the three months ended September 30, 2015 and 2014, Prosper has contributed $0.5 million and $0.2 million to the 401 (k) plan. During the nine months ended September 30, 2015 and 2014, Prosper has contributed $1.3 million and $0.4 million to the 401 (k) plan.
16. Segments
Prosper’s chief operating decision maker, which is its executive group, reviews financial information presented on a consolidated basis for purposes of allocating resources and evaluating financial performance. The chief operating decision maker does not review any financial information that is at a lower level than the overall Prosper results. As such, Prosper has a single reporting segment and operating unit structure.
17. Restatement of Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements
Subsequent to the issuance of the condensed consolidated financial statements for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2014, Prosper identified errors that affected the interim condensed financial statements as of and for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2014. Financial statements presented herein have been restated to correct for these errors that are described below and summarized in the tables that follow.
Prosper discovered that certain fees that Prosper pays to WebBank were incorrectly classified as expenses. Since WebBank is a customer of Prosper and Prosper earns transaction fees from WebBank any cash consideration paid to WebBank should be recorded as a reduction of the Transaction Fees earned by Prosper. This resulted in an overstatement of Transaction Fee revenues and Origination and Servicing expenses of $923 thousand and $2,012 thousand for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2014, respectively.
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Prosper also discovered that certain rebates offered on the sale of Borrower Loans and Notes were incorrectly classified as Transaction Fee revenue and should have been classified as Gain on Sale Borrower Loans or Change in Fair value of Borrower Loans, Loans Held for Sale and Notes. This resulted in an understatement of Transaction Fee revenues of $5 thousand and an overstatement of Gain on Sale Borrower Loans of $5 thousand for the three months ended September 30, 2014. This resulted in an understatement of Transaction Fee revenues of $665 thousand, an overstatement of Gain on Sale Borrower Loans of $585 thousand and an overstatement of Change in Fair Values of Borrower Loans, Loans Held for Sale and Notes of $80 thousand for the nine months ended September 30, 2014.
Additionally, Prosper discovered certain errors in its valuation of servicing assets and liabilities which resulted in an overstatement of net loan servicing rights and an understatement of the Gain on Sale Borrower Loans of $718 thousand and $1,666 thousand for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2015, respectively. Also, Prosper discovered errors in its amortization of the servicing assets and liabilities which overstated Servicing Fees by $202 thousand and understated by $749 thousand for the three and nine months ending September 30, 2014, respectively.
Prosper also discovered errors related to internal use software and web site development costs including an impairment that was not recorded when the project was abandoned in the prior year and assets were being amortized incorrectly which overstated amortization included in Origination and Servicing expense for $25 thousand and understated for $26 thousand for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2014, respectively.
In addition to the restatements described above, Prosper has made other corrections, some of which were previously identified, but were not corrected because management had determined they were not material, individually or in the aggregate, to our consolidated financial statements. These corrections related to the fair value of Loans Held for Sale, reclassification of certain loans from Loans Held for Sale to Borrower Loans, amortization of prepaid assets, estimation of various accruals and a correction for vesting of options that were early exercised.
Prosper also discovered the following classification errors within its Condensed Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows for the nine months ended September 30, 2014:
| ● | Changes in Restricted Cash and Payable to Investors balances related to operating activities were inappropriately presented due to certain bank accounts being inappropriately excluded from the balance sheet. The use of the cash in these bank accounts is restricted and may only be used by Prosper to fund Borrower Loans, at Fair Value on which investors have bid. |
| ● | Cash flows from the principal payments and proceeds from sale related to Borrower Loans Held for Sale were inappropriately classified within cash flows from investing activities rather than cash flows from operating activities. |
| ● | A portion of the change in fair value of Borrower Loans and Notes was inappropriately reflected as a cash flow from investing and financing activities, respectively, rather than an adjustment to reconcile net income to net cash used in operating activities. |
| ● | The proceeds from sale of Borrower Loans Held at Fair Value were netted against purchase of Borrower Loans at Fair Value. |
| ● | Other changes related to the correction of errors in the balance sheet and statement of operations as described above. |
Lastly, Prosper corrected its calculation of basic and diluted earnings (loss) per share for the changes to net income (loss) and errors in the calculation of the weighted average basic and diluted shares which was overstated by 120,351 shares for the nine months ended September 30, 2014. Further the weighted average shares for basic and diluted earnings per share were overstated by 100,908 shares for the three months ended September 30, 2014.
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The following tables present the impact of these corrections on three and nine months ended September 30, 2014 ($ in thousands):
Condensed Consolidated Statement of Operations – Three months ended September 30, 2014
| | As previously reported | | | Reclassifications* | | | As reclassified | | | Adjustments | | | As corrected | |
Revenue | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Operating Revenue | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Transaction Fees, Net | | $ | 22,233 | | | $ | - | | | $ | 22,233 | | | $ | (1,172 | ) | | $ | 21,061 | |
Servicing Fees, Net | | | 1,749 | | | | - | | | | 1,749 | | | | (348 | ) | | | 1,401 | |
Gain on Sale of Borrower Loans | | | - | | | | 635 | | | | 635 | | | | 633 | | | | 1,268 | |
Other Revenue | | | 1,147 | | | | (635 | ) | | | 512 | | | | (33 | ) | | | 479 | |
Total Operating Revenue | | | 25,129 | | | | - | | | | 25,129 | | | | (920 | ) | | | 24,209 | |
Interest Income | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Interest Income on Borrower Loans | | | 10,705 | | | | - | | | | 10,705 | | | | 76 | | | | 10,781 | |
Interest Expense on Notes | | | (9,850 | ) | | | - | | | | (9,850 | ) | | | (36 | ) | | | (9,886 | ) |
Net Interest Income | | | 855 | | | | - | | | | 855 | | | | 40 | | | | 895 | |
Change in Fair Value on Borrower Loans, Loans Held for Sale and Notes, net | | | 59 | | | | - | | | | 59 | | | | (38 | ) | | | 21 | |
Total Net Revenue | | | 26,043 | | | | - | | | | 26,043 | | | | (918 | ) | | | 25,125 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Expenses | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Cost of Services | | | 1,408 | | | | (1,408 | ) | | | - | | | | - | | | | - | |
Compensation and benefits | | | 6,260 | | | | (6,260 | ) | | | - | | | | - | | | | - | |
Marketing and advertising | | | 10,717 | | | | (10,717 | ) | | | - | | | | - | | | | - | |
Depreciation and amortization | | | 462 | | | | (462 | ) | | | - | | | | - | | | | - | |
Professional services | | | 582 | | | | (582 | ) | | | - | | | | - | | | | - | |
Facilities and maintenance | | | 1,441 | | | | (1,441 | ) | | | - | | | | - | | | | | |
Origination and Servicing | | | - | | | | 4,298 | | | | 4,298 | | | | (922 | ) | | | 3,376 | |
Sales and Marketing | | | - | | | | 11,201 | | | | 11,201 | | | | - | | | | 11,201 | |
General and Administrative | | | - | | | | 7,820 | | | | 7,820 | | | | (616 | ) | | | 7,204 | |
Other | | | 2,449 | | | | (2,449 | ) | | | - | | | | - | | | | - | |
Total Expenses | | | 23,319 | | | | - | | | | 23,319 | | | | (1,538 | ) | | | 21,781 | |
Net Income | | | 2,724 | | | | - | | | | 2,724 | | | | 620 | | | | 3,344 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Excess return to preferred shareholders on repurchase | | | (14,892 | ) | | | - | | | | (14,892 | ) | | | - | | | | (14,892 | ) |
Net loss available to common shareholders | | | (12,168 | ) | | | - | | | | (12,168 | ) | | | 620 | | | | (11,548 | ) |
Net loss per share - basic and diluted | | | (1.31 | ) | | | - | | | | (1.31 | ) | | | 0.05 | | | | (1.26 | ) |
Weighted-average shares - basic and diluted | | | 9,280,334 | | | | - | | | | 9,280,334 | | | | (100,908 | ) | | | 9,179,426 | |
*See note 1 for a description of the reclassifications.
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Condensed Consolidated Statement of Operations – Nine months ended September 30, 2014
| | As previously reported | | | Reclassifications* | | | As reclassified | | | Adjustments | | | As corrected | |
Revenue | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Operating Revenue | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Transaction Fees, Net | | $ | 46,849 | | | $ | - | | | $ | 46,849 | | | $ | (1,445 | ) | | $ | 45,404 | |
Servicing Fees, Net | | | 3,044 | | | | - | | | | 3,044 | | | | (532 | ) | | | 2,512 | |
Gain on Sale of Borrower Loans | | | - | | | | 814 | | | | 814 | | | | 1,432 | | | | 2,246 | |
Other Revenue | | | 2,090 | | | | (814 | ) | | | 1,276 | | | | (614 | ) | | | 662 | |
Total Operating Revenue | | | 51,983 | | | | - | | | | 51,983 | | | | (1,159 | ) | | | 50,824 | |
Interest Income | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Interest Income on Borrower Loans | | | 30,995 | | | | - | | | | 30,995 | | | | 158 | | | | 31,153 | |
Interest Expense on Notes | | | (28,613 | ) | | | | | | | (28,613 | ) | | | (259 | ) | | | (28,872 | ) |
Net Interest Income | | | 2,382 | | | | - | | | | 2,382 | | | | (101 | ) | | | 2,281 | |
Change in Fair Value on Borrower Loans, Loans Held for Sale and Notes, net | | | 448 | | | | - | | | | 448 | | | | (157 | ) | | | 291 | |
Total Net Revenue | | | 54,813 | | | | - | | | | 54,813 | | | | (1,417 | ) | | | 53,396 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Expenses | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Cost of Services | | | 3,275 | | | | (3,275 | ) | | | - | | | | - | | | | - | |
Compensation and benefits | | | 16,327 | | | | (16,327 | ) | | | - | | | | - | | | | - | |
Marketing and advertising | | | 25,743 | | | | (25,743 | ) | | | - | | | | - | | | | - | |
Depreciation and amortization | | | 1,201 | | | | (1,201 | ) | | | - | | | | - | | | | - | |
Professional services | | | 1,169 | | | | (1,169 | ) | | | - | | | | - | | | | - | |
Facilities and maintenance | | | 2,604 | | | | (2,604 | ) | | | - | | | | - | | | | | |
Loss on impairment of fixed assets | | | 215 | | | | (215 | ) | | | - | | | | - | | | | - | |
Origination and Servicing | | | - | | | | 10,232 | | | | 10,232 | | | | (2,012 | ) | | | 8,220 | |
Sales and Marketing | | | - | | | | 27,028 | | | | 27,028 | | | | | | | | 27,028 | |
General and Administrative | | | - | | | | 17,371 | | | | 17,371 | | | | (563 | ) | | | 16,808 | |
Other | | | 4,097 | | | | (4,097 | ) | | | - | | | | - | | | | - | |
Total Expenses | | | 54,631 | | | | - | | | | 54,631 | | | | (2,575 | ) | | | 52,056 | |
Net Income | | | 182 | | | | - | | | | 182 | | | | 1,158 | | | | 1,340 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Excess return to preferred shareholders on repurchase | | | (14,892 | ) | | | - | | | | (14,892 | ) | | | - | | | | (14,892 | ) |
Net loss available to common shareholders | | | (14,710 | ) | | | - | | | | (14,710 | ) | | | 1,158 | | | | (13,552 | ) |
Net loss per share - basic and diluted | | | (1.68 | ) | | | - | | | | (1.68 | ) | | | 0.11 | | | | (1.57 | ) |
Weighted-average shares - basic and diluted | | | 8,740,785 | | | | - | | | | 8,740,785 | | | | (120,351 | ) | | | 8,620,434 | |
*See note 1 for a description of the reclassifications.
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Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows – Nine months ended September 30, 2014
| | As previously | | | | | | | | | |
| | reported | | | Adjustments | | | As corrected | |
Cash flows from operating activities: | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Net Income | | $ | 182 | | | $ | 1,158 | | | $ | 1,340 | |
Adjustments to Reconcile Net Income to Net Cash Used in Operating Activities: | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Change in Fair Value of Borrower Loans, Loans Held for Sale and Notes | | | (448 | ) | | | 157 | | | | (291 | ) |
Depreciation and Amortization | | | 1,201 | | | | 27 | | | | 1,228 | |
Gain on sales of Borrower Loans | | | - | | | | (2,480 | ) | | | (2,480 | ) |
Amortization of and Change in Fair Value of Servicing Rights | | | (803 | ) | | | 1,175 | | | | 372 | |
Stock-Based Compensation | | | 777 | | | | (14 | ) | | | 763 | |
Other, Net | | | 215 | | | | 63 | | | | 278 | |
Changes in Operating Assets and Liabilities: | | | | | | | - | | | | | |
Purchase of Loans Held for Sale at Fair Value | | | (12,444 | ) | | | (907,326 | ) | | | (919,770 | ) |
Proceeds from Sales and Principal Payments of Loans Held for Sale at Fair Value | | | - | | | | 909,897 | | | | 909,897 | |
Restricted Cash Except for those Related to Investing Activities | | | - | | | | (26,976 | ) | | | (26,976 | ) |
Accounts Receivable | | | (703 | ) | | | 108 | | | | (595 | ) |
Prepaid and Other Assets | | | (2,543 | ) | | | 28 | | | | (2,515 | ) |
Class Action Settlement Liability | | | (1,909 | ) | | | (91 | ) | | | (2,000 | ) |
Accounts Payable and Accrued Liabilities | | | 4,406 | | | | 624 | | | | 5,030 | |
Payable to Investors | | | - | | | | 22,596 | | | | 22,596 | |
Net Cash Used in Operating Activities | | | (12,069 | ) | | | (1,054 | ) | | | (13,123 | ) |
Cash Flows From Investing Activities: | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Purchase of Borrower Loans Held at Fair Value | | | (823,841 | ) | | | 692,984 | | | | (130,857 | ) |
Principal Payments of Borrower Loans Held at Fair Value | | | 88,944 | | | | 30 | | | | 88,974 | |
Proceeds from Sale of Borrower Loans Held at Fair Value | | | 693,007 | | | | (693,007 | ) | | | - | |
Purchases of Property and Equipment | | | (3,151 | ) | | | (1,655 | ) | | | (4,806 | ) |
Changes in Restricted Cash Related to Investing Activities | | | (1,478 | ) | | | 2,347 | | | | 869 | |
Net Cash Used in Investing Activities | | | (46,519 | ) | | | 699 | | | | (45,820 | ) |
Cash Flows from Financing Activities: | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Proceeds from Issuance of Notes Held at Fair Value | | | 130,828 | | | | (72 | ) | | | 130,756 | |
Payment of Notes Held at Fair Value | | | (89,336 | ) | | | 427 | | | | (88,909 | ) |
Proceeds from Issuance of Convertible Preferred Stock, net | | | 69,958 | | | | - | | | | 69,958 | |
Proceeds from Early Exercise of Stock Options and Issuance of Restricted Stock | | | 454 | | | | - | | | | 454 | |
Proceeds from Exercise of Vested Stock Options and Common Stock Warrants | | | 161 | | | | - | | | | 161 | |
Repurchase of Preferred Stock | | | (18,525 | ) | | | - | | | | (18,525 | ) |
Repurchase of Restricted Stock | | | (24 | ) | | | - | | | | (24 | ) |
Net Cash Provided by Financing Activities | | | 93,516 | | | | 355 | | | | 93,871 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
Net Increase in Cash and Cash Equivalents | | | 34,928 | | | | - | | | | 34,928 | |
Cash and Cash Equivalents at Beginning of the Period | | | 18,339 | | | | - | | | | 18,339 | |
Cash and Cash Equivalents at End of the Period | | $ | 53,267 | | | $ | - | | | $ | 53,267 | |
18. Subsequent Events
On October 9, 2015, PMI acquired all of the outstanding shares of BillGuard, Inc. (“BillGuard”), and merged BillGuard with and into Beach Merger Sub, Inc., a wholly owned subsidiary of PMI, with BillGuard surviving the merger. Under the terms of the Agreement and Plan of Merger, dated as of September 23, 2015 the BillGuard stockholders received an aggregate of $25 million in cash at the closing of the merger, subject to certain deductions for debt and expenses. If certain conditions of an earn-out are met within a 12-month period of the closing of the merger, the BillGuard stockholders will receive an additional $5 million, subject to certain indemnification obligations of the BillGuard stockholders. Billguard is a personal finance analytics company that develops popular consumer apps to manage, protect and do more with money and credit. The acquisition will enable PMI to offer borrowers and investors a full suite of powerful tools to help them make smarter financial decisions, and will give PMI access to Israel's
30
extraordinary engineering and product talent pool. The initial accounting for this acquisition was not complete as of November 6, 2015.
The acquisition of Billguard will be accounted for as business combinations, accordingly, the total purchase price will be allocated to the tangible and intangible assets acquired and the liabilities assumed based on their respective fair values on the acquisition dates. Prosper is currently working on the preliminary purchase price allocations and expects them to be completed by the end of the fourth quarter of 2015.
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Prosper Funding LLC
Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets (Unaudited)
(amounts in thousands)
| | September 30, 2015 | | | December 31, 2014 | |
Assets | | | | | | | | |
Cash and Cash Equivalents | | $ | 10,068 | | | $ | 23,777 | |
Restricted Cash | | | 140,874 | | | | 73,103 | |
Short Term Investments | | | 1,276 | | | | 1,274 | |
Loans Held for Sale at Fair Value | | | 34 | | | | 8,463 | |
Borrower Loans at Fair Value | | | 286,462 | | | | 273,243 | |
Property and Equipment, Net | | | 5,492 | | | | 1,125 | |
Related Party Receivable | | | - | | | | 1,135 | |
Servicing Assets | | | 10,421 | | | | 3,116 | |
Other Assets | | | 22 | | | | 4 | |
Total Assets | | $ | 454,649 | | | $ | 385,240 | |
Liabilities and Member’s Equity | | | | | | | | |
Accounts Payable and Accrued Liabilities | | $ | 2,698 | | | $ | 1,357 | |
Payable to Related Party | | | 468 | | | | - | |
Payable to Investors | | | 135,582 | | | | 63,809 | |
Notes at Fair Value | | | 287,254 | | | | 273,783 | |
Total Liabilities | | | 426,002 | | | | 338,949 | |
Member's Equity | | | | | | | | |
Member's Equity | | | - | | | | 29,619 | |
Retained Earnings | | | 28,647 | | | | 16,672 | |
Total Member's Equity | | | 28,647 | | | $ | 46,291 | |
Total Liabilities and Member's Equity | | $ | 454,649 | | | $ | 385,240 | |
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed consolidated financial statements.
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Prosper Funding LLC
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations (Unaudited)
(amounts in thousands)
| | Three Months Ended September 30, | | | Nine Months Ended September 30, | |
| | 2015 | | | 2014 as Restated* | | | 2015 | | | 2014 as Restated* | |
Revenue | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Operating Revenue | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Administration Fee Revenue - Related Party | | $ | 16,544 | | | $ | 8,574 | | | $ | 40,430 | | | $ | 19,525 | |
Servicing Income, Net | | | 4,408 | | | | 1,253 | | | | 9,945 | | | | 2,379 | |
Gain on Sale of Borrower Loans | | | 4,263 | | | | 1,240 | | | | 9,881 | | | | 2,218 | |
Other Revenue | | | 561 | | | | - | | | | 557 | | | | - | |
Total Operating Revenue | | | 25,776 | | | | 11,067 | | | | 60,813 | | | | 24,122 | |
Interest Income on Borrower Loans | | | 10,258 | | | | 10,860 | | | | 30,960 | | | | 31,443 | |
Interest Expense on Notes | | | (9,550 | ) | | | (9,886 | ) | | | (28,561 | ) | | | (28,873 | ) |
Net Interest Income | | | 708 | | | | 974 | | | | 2,399 | | | | 2,570 | |
Change in Fair Value on Borrower Loans, Loans Held for Sale and Notes, Net | | | (87 | ) | | | 21 | | | | (66 | ) | | | 302 | |
Total Net Revenue | | | 26,397 | | | | 12,062 | | | | 63,146 | | | | 26,994 | |
Expenses | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Administration Fee - Related Party | | | 18,236 | | | | 7,371 | | | | 41,615 | | | | 16,401 | |
Servicing | | | 675 | | | | 308 | | | | 2,946 | | | | 1,064 | |
General and Administration | | | 358 | | | | 129 | | | | 903 | | | | 315 | |
Total Expenses | | | 19,269 | | | | 7,808 | | | | 45,464 | | | | 17,780 | |
Total Net Income | | $ | 7,128 | | | $ | 4,254 | | | $ | 17,682 | | | $ | 9,214 | |
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed consolidated financial statements.
*See Note 9
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Prosper Funding LLC
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows (Unaudited)
(amounts in thousands)
| | Nine Months Ended September 30, | |
| | 2015 | | | 2014 As Restated* | |
Cash Flows from Operating Activities: | | | | | | | | |
Net Income | | $ | 17,682 | | | $ | 9,214 | |
Adjustments to Reconcile Net Income to Net Cash Provided by (Used by) Operating Activities: | | | | | | | | |
Change in Fair Value of Borrower Loans, Loans Held for Sale and Notes | | | 66 | | | | (302 | ) |
Other Non-Cash Changes in Borrower Loans, Loans Held for Sale and Notes | | | 29 | | | | (28 | ) |
Gain on Sale of Borrower Loans | | | (9,958 | ) | | | (2,480 | ) |
Amortization and Change in Fair Value of Servicing Rights | | | 2,758 | | | | 294 | |
Depreciation and Amortization | | | 2,483 | | | | 788 | |
Changes in Operating Assets and Liabilities: | | | | | | | | |
Purchase of Loans Held for Sale at Fair Value | | | (2,426,963 | ) | | | (919,770 | ) |
Proceeds from Sales and Principal Payments of Loans Held for Sale at Fair Value | | | 2,435,253 | | | | 909,897 | |
Restricted Cash Except for those Related to Investing Activities | | | (69,242 | ) | | | (26,976 | ) |
Other Assets | | | (18 | ) | | | (4 | ) |
Accounts Payable and Accrued Liabilities | | | 1,415 | | | | 328 | |
Payable to Investors | | | 71,773 | | | | 21,906 | |
Net Related Party Receivable/Payable | | | 1,603 | | | | (879 | ) |
Net Cash Provided by (Used By) Operating Activities | | | 26,881 | | | | (8,012 | ) |
Cash flows from Investing Activities: | | | | | | | | |
Purchase of Borrower Loans Held at Fair Value | | | (142,103 | ) | | | (130,857 | ) |
Principal Payments of Borrower Loans Held at Fair Value | | | 111,864 | | | | 88,984 | |
Maturities of Short Term Investments | | | 1,274 | | | | 1,271 | |
Purchase of Short Term Investments | | | (1,276 | ) | | | (1,274 | ) |
Purchases of Property and Equipment | | | (6,850 | ) | | | (811 | ) |
Changes in Restricted Cash Related to Investing Activities | | | 1,471 | | | | 5,925 | |
Net Cash Used in Investing Activities | | | (35,620 | ) | | | (36,762 | ) |
Cash Flows from Financing Activities: | | | | | | | | |
Proceeds from Issuance of Notes Held at Fair Value | | | 142,246 | | | | 130,756 | |
Payment of Notes Held at Fair Value | | | (111,711 | ) | | | (88,909 | ) |
Net Cash Included in Transfer of Assets to Parent | | | (35,505 | ) | | | - | |
Net Cash (Used By) Provided by Financing Activities | | | (4,970 | ) | | | 41,847 | |
Net Decrease in Cash and Cash Equivalents | | | (13,709 | ) | | | (2,927 | ) |
Cash and Cash Equivalents at Beginning of the Period | | | 23,777 | | | | 5,789 | |
Cash and Cash Equivalents at End of the Period | | $ | 10,068 | | | $ | 2,862 | |
Supplemental Disclosure of Cash Flow Information: | | | | | | | | |
Cash Paid for Interest | | $ | 28,698 | | | $ | 28,961 | |
Non-Cash Operating Activity - Servicing Rights Fair Value Adjustment | | $ | 428 | | | $ | - | |
Non-Cash Financing Activity - Distribution to Parent | | $ | 249 | | | $ | 733 | |
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed consolidated financial statements.
*See Note 9
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Prosper Funding LLC
Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements
(Unaudited)
1. Basis of Presentation
The unaudited interim condensed consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles (“US GAAP”) and disclosure requirements for interim financial information and the requirements of Rule 8-03 of Regulation S-X. Accordingly, they do not include all of the information and footnotes required by US GAAP for complete financial statements. The unaudited interim condensed consolidated financial statements should be read in conjunction with the audited financial statements and notes thereto for the year ended December 31, 2014. The balance sheet at December 31, 2014 has been derived from the audited financial statements at that date. Management believes these unaudited interim condensed consolidated financial statements reflect all adjustments, consisting of a normal recurring nature, which are necessary for a fair presentation of the results for the interim periods presented. The results of operations for the interim periods are not necessarily indicative of the results that may be expected for the full year or any other interim period.
Prosper Funding did not have any items of other comprehensive income (loss) during any of the periods presented in the condensed consolidated financial statements as of and for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2015 and 2014.
The preparation of Prosper Funding's condensed consolidated financial statements and related disclosures in conformity with GAAP requires management to make judgments, assumptions and estimates that affect the amounts reported in its condensed consolidated financial statements and accompanying notes. Prosper Funding bases its estimates on historical experience and on various other factors it believes to be reasonable under the circumstances, the results of which form the basis for making judgments about the carrying values of certain assets and liabilities. These judgments, estimates and assumptions are inherently subjective in nature and actual results may differ from these estimates and assumptions, and the differences could be material.
Reclassifications
During the period ended September 30, 2015, Prosper Funding changed the presentation of its revenue in the consolidated statements of operations. A new line called “Gain on Sales of Borrower Loans” was created with the amounts included in this line previously classified as “Other Revenue”. The gain on sale related to the sale of Borrower Loans was reclassified from “Other Revenues” to a new line call “Gain on Sales of Borrower Loans.”
Prosper Funding also changed the definitions used to classify expenses. Expenses were previously classified as cost of services, administration fee, depreciation and amortization, professional services and other operating expenses. The revised classification approach replaces the previous classifications with servicing, administration fee –related party, and general and administration. The changes had no impact to the total expenses or net income. Prior period amounts have been reclassified to conform to the current presentation. Prosper Funding believes these changes make the income statement more useful for the readers of the financial statements and comparable with Prosper Funding’s competitors.
Prosper Funding also changed the presentation of the servicing assets on its balance sheet by reclassifying them from “Prepaids and Other Assets” to “Servicing Assets”. Prior period amounts have been reclassified to conform to the current presentation. Management believes these changes make the income statement more useful for the readers of the financial statements and comparable with Prosper Funding’s competitors.
2. Significant Accounting Policies
Prosper Funding's significant accounting policies are included in Note 2 – Summary of Significant Accounting Policies in Prosper Funding’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2014. There have been no changes to these accounting policies during the first nine months of 2015 except for the policy related to the subsequent measurement of Loan Servicing Assets and Liabilities.
Fair Value Measurements
Financial instruments consist principally of Cash and Cash Equivalents, Restricted Cash, Short Term Investments, Borrower Loans, Loans Held for Sale, Accounts Receivable, Accounts Payable and Accrued Liabilities, Payable to Investors and Notes. The estimated fair values of Cash and Cash Equivalents, Restricted Cash, Accounts Receivable, Accounts Payable and Accrued Liabilities, and Payable to Investors approximate their carrying values because of their short term nature.
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Borrower Loans, Loans Held for Sale and Notes
Borrower Loans, Loans Held for Sale and Notes are recorded at fair value. Prosper Funding has adopted the provisions of ASC Topic 825, Financial Instruments (“ASC Topic 825”). ASC Topic 825 permits companies to choose to measure certain financial instruments and certain other items at fair value on an instrument-by-instrument basis with unrealized gains and losses on items for which the fair value option has been elected reported in earnings. Management believes that the fair value option is more meaningful for the reader of the financial statements and it allows both the Borrower Loans, loans held for sale and Notes to be valued using the same methodology. The fair value election, with respect to an item, may not be revoked once an election is made.
Loan Servicing Assets and Liabilities
On January 1, 2015, Prosper Funding elected to adopt the fair value method to measure the servicing assets and liabilities for all classes of servicing assets and liabilities, subsequent to initial recognition. ASC 860, Servicing Assets and Liabilities allows the adoption of the fair value method at the beginning of any fiscal year. The adoption of the fair value method for a particular class is irrevocable. Prior to January 1, 2015, Prosper Funding measured the servicing assets and liabilities using the amortized cost method. This change resulted in a $428 thousand increase to retained earnings, a $399 thousand increase in net servicing assets and a $29 thousand decrease in net servicing liabilities.
Recent Accounting Pronouncements
In May 2014, as part of its ongoing efforts to assist in the convergence of U.S. GAAP and International Financial Reporting Standards (“IFRS”), the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) 2014-09, “Revenue from Contracts with Customers.” The new guidance sets forth a new five-step revenue recognition model which replaces the prior revenue recognition guidance in its entirety and is intended to eliminate numerous industry-specific pieces of revenue recognition guidance that have historically existed in U.S. GAAP. The underlying principle of the new standard is that a business or other organization will recognize revenue to depict the transfer of promised goods or services to customers in an amount that reflects what it expects in exchange for the goods or services. The standard also requires more detailed disclosures and provides additional guidance for transactions that were not addressed completely in the prior accounting guidance. The standard will be effective for Prosper Funding in the first quarter of fiscal 2018. Early adoption is not permitted. In August 2015, the FASB issued ASU No. 2015-14, which amended the standard to provide a one-year deferral of the effective date, as well as providing the option to early adopt the standard on the original effective date. Accordingly, Prosper may adopt the standard in either Prosper’s fiscal year ending December 31, 2017 or 2018. The guidance can be applied either retrospectively to each period presented or as a cumulative-effect adjustment as of the date of adoption. Prosper has not yet selected a transition method and is evaluating the impact of adopting this new accounting standard update on the consolidated financial statements and related disclosures.
In February 2015, the FASB issued ASU 2015-02, "Consolidation (Topic 810): Amendments to the Consolidation Analysis." ASU 2015-02 affects reporting entities that are required to evaluate whether they should consolidate certain legal entities. ASU 2015-02 is effective for periods beginning after December 15, 2015 with early adoption permitted. Prosper Funding has decided to early adopt this guidance effective January 1, 2015, and the adoption of this standard had no impact on Prosper Funding’s financial statements.
3. Property and Equipment
Property and equipment consist of the following (in thousands):
| | September 30, | | | December 31, | |
| | 2015 | | | 2014 | |
Property and equipment: | | | | | | | | |
Internal-use software and web site development costs | | $ | 7,220 | | | $ | 4,042 | |
Less accumulated depreciation and amortization | | | (1,728 | ) | | | (2,917 | ) |
Total property and equipment, net | | $ | 5,492 | | | $ | 1,125 | |
Depreciation expense for the three months ended September 30, 2015 and 2014 was $587 thousand and $249 thousand, respectively. Depreciation expense for the nine months ended September 30, 2015 and 2014 was $2,483 thousand and $788 thousand, respectively
4. Borrower Loans, Loans Held For Sale and Notes Held at Fair Value
The fair value of the Borrower Loans, Loans Held for Sale and Notes are estimated using discounted cash flow methodologies based upon a set of valuation assumptions. The primary cash flow assumptions used to value such Borrower Loans, Loans Held for Sale and Notes include default rates derived from historical performance and discount rates applied to each credit grade based on the
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perceived credit risk of each credit grade. The obligation to pay principal and interest on any series of Notes is equal to the loan payments, if any, received on the corresponding Borrower Loan, net of the servicing fee. As such, the fair value of the Notes is approximately equal to the fair value of the Borrower Loans funded through the Note Channel, adjusted for the servicing fee and the timing of borrower payments subsequently disbursed to the Note holders. The effective interest rate associated with a series of Notes will be less than the interest rate earned on the corresponding Borrower Loan due to the servicing fee.
The aggregate principal balances outstanding and fair values of Borrower Loans, Loans Held for Sale and Notes as of September 30, 2015 and December 31, 2014, are presented in the following table (in thousands):
| | Borrower Loans | | | Notes | | | Loans Held for Sale | |
| | September 30, 2015 | | | December 31, 2014 | | | September 30, 2015 | | | December 31, 2014 | | | September 30, 2015 | | | December 31, 2014 | |
Aggregate principal balance outstanding | | $ | 285,837 | | | $ | 268,598 | | | $ | (284,562 | ) | | $ | (272,269 | ) | | $ | 44 | | | $ | 8,295 | |
Fair value adjustments | | | 625 | | | | 4,645 | | | | (2,692 | ) | | | (1,514 | ) | | | (10 | ) | | | 168 | |
Fair value | | $ | 286,462 | | | $ | 273,243 | | | $ | (287,254 | ) | | $ | (273,783 | ) | | $ | 34 | | | $ | 8,463 | |
At September 30, 2015, Borrower Loans, Loans Held for Sale and Notes had original terms to maturity of either 36 or 60 months; had monthly payments with fixed interest rates ranging from 5.32% to 33.04% and had various maturity dates through September 2020. At December 31, 2014, Borrower Loans, Notes and Loans Held for Sale had original maturities of either 36 or 60 months; had monthly payments with fixed interest rates ranging from 5.77% to 33.04% and had various maturity dates through December 2019.
Significant Unobservable Inputs
The following table presents quantitative information about the significant unobservable inputs used for Prosper Funding’s Borrower Loans, Loans Held for Sale and Notes fair value measurements at September 30, 2015 and December 31, 2014:
| | Range |
Unobservable Input | | September 30, 2015 | | December 31, 2014 |
Discount rate | | 2.9%-10.5% | | 3.2%-10.6% |
Default rate | | 2.7%-22.8% | | 2.6%-19.7% |
Key economic assumptions and the sensitivity of the current fair value to immediate changes in those assumptions at September 30, 2015 for Borrower Loans, Loans Held for Sale and Notes funded are presented in the following table (in thousands):
| | Borrower Loans and Loans Held for Sale | | | Notes | | |
Discount rate assumption: | | 4.57 | | %* | 4.57 | | %* |
Resulting fair value from: | | | | | | | | | |
100 basis point increase | | $ | 283,684 | | | $ | 284,453 | | |
200 basis point increase | | | 280,688 | | | | 281,443 | | |
Resulting fair value from: | | | | | | | | | |
100 basis point decrease | | $ | 289,923 | | | $ | 290,720 | | |
200 basis point decrease | | | 293,172 | | | | 293,985 | | |
Default rate assumption: | | 12.73 | | %* | 12.73 | | %* |
Resulting fair value from: | | | | | | | | | |
200 basis point decrease | | $ | 283,157 | | | $ | 283,915 | | |
100 basis point decrease | | | 279,610 | | | | 280,343 | | |
Resulting fair value from: | | | | | | | | | |
100 basis point increase | | $ | 290,392 | | | $ | 291,201 | | |
200 basis point increase | | | 294,042 | | | | 294,877 | | |
* | Represents weighted average assumptions considering all credit grades. |
These sensitivities are hypothetical and should be evaluated with care. The effect on fair value of a fixed basis points variation in assumptions generally cannot be determined because the relationship of the change in assumptions to the fair value may not be linear. Additionally, the impact of a variation in a particular assumption on the fair value is calculated while holding other assumptions constant. In reality, changes in one factor may lead to changes in other factors, which could impact the above hypothetical effects.
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The changes in the Borrower Loans, loans held for sale and Notes, which are Level 3 assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis are as follows (in thousands):
Fair Value Measurements Using Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3) | |
| | | | | | | | | | Loans | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | Held for | | | | | |
| | Borrower Loans | | | Notes | | | Sale | | | Total | |
Balance at January 1, 2014 | | $ | 233,105 | | | $ | (234,218 | ) | | $ | 3,206 | | | $ | 2,093 | |
Originations | | | 130,857 | | | | (130,756 | ) | | | 919,770 | | | | 919,871 | |
Principal repayments | | | (88,984 | ) | | | 88,909 | | | | (533 | ) | | | (608 | ) |
Borrower Loans sold to third parties | | | - | | | | - | | | | (909,364 | ) | | | (909,364 | ) |
Other changes | | | (55 | ) | | | 67 | | | | 16 | | | | 28 | |
Change in fair value | | | (14,830 | ) | | | 15,132 | | | | - | | | | 302 | |
Balance at September 30, 2014 | | $ | 260,093 | | | $ | (260,866 | ) | | $ | 13,095 | | | $ | 12,322 | |
Fair Value Measurements Using Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3) | |
| | | | | | | | | | Loans | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | Held for | | | | | |
| | Borrower Loans | | | Notes | | | Sale | | | Total | |
Balance at January 1, 2015 | | $ | 273,243 | | | $ | (273,783 | ) | | $ | 8,463 | | | $ | 7,923 | |
Originations | | | 142,103 | | | | (142,246 | ) | | | 2,426,963 | | | | 2,426,820 | |
Principal repayments | | | (111,864 | ) | | | 111,711 | | | | (546 | ) | | | (699 | ) |
Borrower Loans sold to third parties | | | (447 | ) | | | 425 | | | | (2,434,707 | ) | | | (2,434,729 | ) |
Other changes | | | (108 | ) | | | 119 | | | | (18 | ) | | | (7 | ) |
Change in fair value | | | (16,465 | ) | | | 16,520 | | | | (121 | ) | | | (66 | ) |
Balance at September 30, 2015 | | $ | 286,462 | | | $ | (287,254 | ) | | $ | 34 | | | $ | (758 | ) |
Fair Value Measurements Using Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3) | |
| | | | | | | | | | Loans | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | Held for | | | | | |
| | Borrower Loans | | | Notes | | | Sale | | | Total | |
Balance at July 1, 2014 | | $ | 252,971 | | | $ | (253,943 | ) | | $ | 7,998 | | | $ | 7,026 | |
Originations | | | 44,141 | | | | (44,077 | ) | | | 443,835 | | | | 443,899 | |
Principal repayments | | | (31,244 | ) | | | 31,334 | | | | (403 | ) | | | (313 | ) |
Borrower Loans sold to third parties | | | - | | | | - | | | | (438,342 | ) | | | (438,342 | ) |
Other changes | | | 46 | | | | (22 | ) | | | 7 | | | | 31 | |
Change in fair value | | | (5,821 | ) | | | 5,842 | | | | - | | | | 21 | |
Balance at September 30, 2014 | | $ | 260,093 | | | $ | (260,866 | ) | | $ | 13,095 | | | $ | 12,322 | |
Fair Value Measurements Using Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3) | |
| | | | | | | | | | Loans | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | Held for | | | | | |
| | Borrower Loans | | | Notes | | | Sale | | | Total | |
Balance at July 1, 2015 | | $ | 284,200 | | | $ | (284,627 | ) | | $ | 1,431 | | | $ | 1,004 | |
Originations | | | 47,591 | | | | (47,670 | ) | | | 1,024,464 | | | | 1,024,385 | |
Principal repayments | | | (38,407 | ) | | | 38,202 | | | | (4 | ) | | | (209 | ) |
Borrower Loans sold to third parties | | | (447 | ) | | | 425 | | | | (1,025,824 | ) | | | (1,025,846 | ) |
Other changes | | | 21 | | | | (18 | ) | | | (8 | ) | | | (5 | ) |
Change in fair value | | | (6,496 | ) | | | 6,434 | | | | (25 | ) | | | (87 | ) |
Balance at September 30, 2015 | | $ | 286,462 | | | $ | (287,254 | ) | | $ | 34 | | | $ | (758 | ) |
Approximately $1.3 million and $3.4 million, represents the loss that is attributable to changes in the instrument specific credit risks related to Borrower Loans that were recorded in the change in fair value during the three and nine months ending September 30, 2015 and September 30, 2014 respectively.
As September 30, 2015, Borrower Loans that were 90 days or more delinquent had an aggregate principal amount of $1.7 million and a fair value of $0.7 million. As December 31, 2014, Borrower Loans that were 90 days or more delinquent had an aggregate principal amount of $1.5 million and a fair value of $0.14 million. Prosper Funding places Borrower Loans on non-accrual
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status when they are over 120 days past due. As of September 30, 2015 and December 31, 2014, Borrower Loans in non-accrual status had a fair value of $0.1 million and $0, respectively.
5. Loan Servicing Assets and Liabilities
Prosper Funding accounts for servicing assets and liabilities at their estimated fair values with changes in fair values recorded in servicing fees. The initial asset or liability is recognized when Prosper Funding sells Borrower Loans to unrelated third-party buyers and the servicing rights are retained. Prior to January 1, 2015, the initial fair value of such servicing assets or liabilities was amortized in proportion to and over the servicing period. Subsequent to January 1, 2015, the servicing assets and liabilities are measured at fair value throughout the servicing period. The total gain recognized on the sale of such Borrower Loans was $1.2 million and $2.2 million for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2014, respectively. Effective January 1, 2015, Prosper Funding elected to adopt the fair value method to measure the servicing assets and liabilities for all classes subsequent to initial recognition. The total gain recognized on the sale of the Borrower Loans sold to unrelated third-party buyers was $4.3 million and $9.9 million for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2015, respectively.
At September 30, 2015, Borrower Loans that were sold, but for which Prosper Funding retained servicing rights had a total outstanding principal balance of $2,078 million, original terms of either 36 or 60 months and had monthly payments with fixed interest rates ranging from 5.32% to 31.90% and various maturity dates through September 2020. At December 31, 2014, Borrower Loans that were sold, but for which Prosper Funding retained servicing rights had a total outstanding principal balance of $1,045 million, original terms of either 36 or 60 months and had monthly payments with fixed interest rates ranging from 6.05% to 31.34% and various maturity dates through December 2019.
The fair value of the loan servicing assets and liabilities is determined using a discounted cash flow model that includes assumptions of the market servicing rate, the default rate and discount rate as important inputs.
Significant Unobservable Inputs
The following table presents quantitative information about the significant unobservable inputs used for Prosper Funding's servicing asset/liability fair value measurements at September 30, 2015 and December 31, 2014:
| | Range |
Unobservable Input | | September 30, 2015 | | December 31, 2014 | |
Discount rate | | 15% - 25% | | 15% - 25% | |
Default rate | | 2.1% - 21.8% | | 2.6% - 26.3% | |
Market servicing rate | | 0.625% | | 0.625% - 0.70% | |
Loan Servicing Assets and Liabilities Activity:
The following table presents additional information about Level 3 servicing assets and liabilities recorded at fair value for the three months ended March 31, 2015 (in thousands).
| | Servicing | | | Servicing | |
| | Assets | | | Liabilities | |
Amortized cost at January 1, 2015 | | $ | 3,116 | | | $ | 624 | |
Adjustment to adopt fair value measurement | | | 399 | | | | (29 | ) |
Fair value at January 1, 2015 | | | 3,515 | | | | 595 | |
Additions | | | 10,204 | | | | 246 | |
Less: Transfers to PMI | | | (249 | ) | | | - | |
Less: changes in fair value | | | (3,049 | ) | | | (291 | ) |
Fair value at September 30, 2015 | | $ | 10,421 | | | $ | 550 | |
| | Servicing | | | Servicing | |
| | Assets | | | Liabilities | |
Fair value at July 1, 2015 | | $ | 7,634 | | | $ | 606 | |
Additions | | | 4,367 | | | | 53 | |
Less: Transfers to PMI | | | - | | | | - | |
Less: changes in fair value | | | (1,580 | ) | | | (109 | ) |
Fair value at September 30, 2015 | | $ | 10,421 | | | $ | 550 | |
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Servicing Asset and Liability Fair Value Input Sensitivity:
The following table presents the estimated impact on Prosper Funding’s estimated fair value of servicing assets and liabilities, calculated using different market servicing rates and different default rates as of September 30, 2015 (in thousands, except percentages).
| | Servicing Assets | | | Servicing Liabilities | | |
Weighted average market servicing rate assumptions | | | 0.625 | % | | | 0.625 | % | |
Resulting fair value from: | | | | | | | | | |
Servicing rate increase to 0.65% | | $ | 9,952 | | | $ | (605 | ) | |
Servicing rate decrease to 0.60% | | $ | 11,547 | | | $ | (496 | ) | |
Weighted average default assumptions | | | 14 | % | | | 14 | % | |
Resulting fair value from: | | | | | | | | | |
100 basis point increase | | $ | 10,230 | | | $ | (550 | ) | |
100 basis point decrease | | $ | 10,617 | | | $ | (551 | ) | |
These sensitivities are hypothetical and should be evaluated with care. The effect on fair value of a 10% variation in assumptions generally cannot be determined because the relationship of the change in assumptions to the fair value may not be linear. Additionally, the impact of a variation in a particular assumption on the fair value is calculated while holding other assumptions constant. In reality, changes in one factor may lead to changes in other factors, which could impact the above hypothetical effects.
6. Income Taxes
Prosper Funding incurred no income tax provision for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2015 and 2014. Prosper Funding is a US disregarded entity and its income and loss is included in the return of its parent, PMI. Since PMI is in a loss position, not currently subject to income taxes, and has fully reserved its deferred tax asset, the net effective tax rate for Prosper Funding is 0%.
7. Commitments and Contingencies
Operating Commitments
Prosper Funding has an agreement with WebBank, under which Prosper Funding is required to pay WebBank the greater of a monthly minimum fee or a fee calculated based on a certain percentage of Borrower Loans purchased by Prosper Funding. The minimum annual fee for the year ended December 31, 2015 is $1.4 million.
Loan Purchase Commitments
Under the terms of Prosper Funding’s agreement with WebBank, Prosper Funding is committed to purchase $38.8 million of Borrower Loans that WebBank will originate within the first two business days of July 2015.
Repurchase and Indemnification Contingency
Under the terms of the loan purchase agreements between Prosper Funding and investor members that participate in the Whole Loan Channel, Prosper Funding may, in certain circumstances, become obligated to repurchase a Borrower Loan from an investor member. Generally, these circumstances include the occurrence of verifiable identity theft, the failure to properly follow loan listing or bidding protocols, or a violation of the applicable federal, state, or local lending laws. The fair value of the indemnification and repurchase obligation is estimated based on historical experience. Prosper Funding recognizes a liability for the repurchase and indemnification obligation when the Borrower Loans are issued. Indemnified or repurchased Borrower Loans associated with violations of federal, state, or local lending laws or verifiable identity theft are written off at the time of repurchase or at the time an indemnification payment is made. The maximum potential amount of future payments associated under this obligation is the outstanding balances of the Borrower Loans issued through the Whole Loan Channel, which at September 30, 2015 is $2.8 billion. Prosper Funding had accrued $248 thousand and $171 thousand as of September 30, 2015 and December 31, 2014 in regard to this obligation, respectively.
8. Related Parties
Since inception, Prosper Funding has engaged in various transactions with its directors, executive officers and sole member, and immediate family members and other affiliates of its directors, executive officers and sole member. Prosper Funding believes that all
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of the transactions described below were made on terms no less favorable to Prosper Funding than could have been obtained from unaffiliated third parties.
Prosper Funding’s executive officers, directors who are not executive officers participate in its marketplace by placing bids and purchasing Notes. The aggregate amount of the Notes purchased and the income earned by parties deemed to be related parties of Prosper as of September 30, 2015 and December 31, 2014 are summarized below (in thousands):
| | Aggregate Amount of Notes Purchased | | | Interest Earned on Notes | |
| | Nine Months Ended September 30, | | | Nine Months Ended September 30, | |
Related Party | | 2015 | | | 2014 | | | 2015 | | | 2014 | |
Executive officers and management | | $ | 1,232 | | | $ | 591 | | | $ | 152 | | | $ | 110 | |
Directors | | | - | | | | - | | | | - | | | | - | |
Total | | $ | 1,232 | | | $ | 591 | | | $ | 152 | | | $ | 110 | |
| | Note Balance as of | |
Related Party | | September 30, 2015 | | | December 31, 2014 | |
Executive officers and management | | $ | 2,173 | | | $ | 1,614 | |
Directors | | | - | | | | - | |
| | $ | 2,173 | | | $ | 1,614 | |
During the nine months ended September 30, 2015 Prosper Funding distributed $35.5 million to its parent.
9. Restatement of Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements
Subsequent to the issuance of the condensed consolidated financial statements for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2014, Prosper Funding identified errors that affected the interim condensed financial statements as of and for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2014. The financial statements presented herein have been restated to correct for these errors that are described below.
Prosper Funding discovered certain errors in its valuation of servicing assets and liabilities which resulted in an overstatement of the servicing assets, an understatement of the servicing liabilities and an understatement of the Gain on Sale of Borrower Loans of $718 thousand and $1,666 thousand for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2014, respectively. Also, Prosper Funding discovered errors in its amortization of the servicing assets and liabilities which overstated Servicing Income by $151 thousand and understated by$471 thousand for the three and nine months ending September 30, 2014, respectively.
Prosper Funding also discovered that the Administration Fee Related Party Expense was understated by $524 thousand and Servicing expenses were overstated by $906 thousand for the three months ended September 30, 2014 due to a misclassification of an expense between the two statement of operations line items and an error in the calculation of the Administration Fee Related Party Expense. Prosper Funding also discovered that the Administration Fee Related Party Expense was understated by $1,373 thousand and Servicing expenses were overstated by $1,974 thousand for the nine months ended September 30, 2014 due to a misclassification of an expense between the two statement of operations classifications and an error in the calculation of the Administration Fee Related Party Expense. The offset to the above errors was to Related Party Receivable which was understated as a result.
Prosper Funding also discovered errors related to internal use software including an overstatement of assets transferred from PMI and assets that were being amortized over their original estimated useful life after Prosper Funding decided to replace the assets before the originally estimated useful life which overstated amortization by $25 thousand and understated by$ 26 thousand for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2014, respectively, which is included in Servicing expenses.
In addition to the restatements described above, Prosper Funding has made other corrections, some of which were previously identified, but were not corrected because management had determined they were not material, individually or in the aggregate, to its consolidated financial statements. These corrections related to the fair value of Loans Held for Sale, and reclassification of certain Borrower Loans from Loans Held for Sale to Borrower Loans.
Lastly, Prosper Funding discovered the following classification errors within its Condensed Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows:
| ● | Changes in Restricted Cash and Payable to Investors balances related to operating activities were inappropriately presented due to certain bank accounts being inappropriately excluded from the balance sheet. The use of the cash in these bank accounts is restricted and may only be used by Prosper Funding to fund Borrower Loans, at Fair Value on which investors have bid. |
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| ● | Cash flows from the principal payments and proceeds from sale related to Borrower Loans Held for Sale were inappropriately classified within cash flows from investing activities rather than cash flows from operating activities. |
| ● | A portion of the change in fair value of Borrower Loans and Notes was inappropriately reflected as a cash flow from investing and financing activities, respectively, rather than an adjustment to reconcile net income to net cash used in operating activities. |
| ● | Other changes related to the correction of errors in the balance sheet and statement of operations as described above |
The following tables present the impact of these corrections and corrections of other immaterial errors on the interim periods (in thousands):
Condensed Consolidated Statement of Operations – Three months ended September 30, 2014
| | As previously reported | | | Reclassifications* | | | As reclassified | | | Adjustments | | | As corrected | |
Revenue | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Operating Revenue | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Administration Fee Revenue - Related Party | | $ | 8,574 | | | $ | — | | | $ | 8,574 | | | $ | — | | | $ | 8,574 | |
Servicing Income, Net | | | 1,574 | | | | — | | | | 1,574 | | | | (321 | ) | | | 1,253 | |
Gain on Sale of Borrower Loans | | | — | | | | 635 | | | | 635 | | | | 605 | | | | 1,240 | |
Other Revenue | | | 635 | | | | (635 | ) | | | — | | | | — | | | | — | |
Total Operating Revenue | | | 10,783 | | | | — | | | | 10,783 | | | | 284 | | | | 11,067 | |
Interest Income on Borrower Loans | | | 10,724 | | | | — | | | | 10,724 | | | | 136 | | | | 10,860 | |
Interest Expense on Notes | | | (9,850 | ) | | | — | | | | (9,850 | ) | | | (36 | ) | | | (9,886 | ) |
Net Interest Income | | | 874 | | | | — | | | | 874 | | | | 100 | | | | 974 | |
Change in Fair Value on Borrower Loans, Loans Held for Sale and Notes, net | | | 59 | | | | — | | | | 59 | | | | (38 | ) | | | 21 | |
Total Net Revenue | | | 11,716 | | | | — | | | | 11,716 | | | | 346 | | | | 12,062 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Expenses | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Cost of Services | | 958 | | | | (958 | ) | | | — | | | | — | | | | — | |
Administration Fee - Related Party | | 6836 | | | | — | | | 6836 | | | | 535 | | | | 7,371 | |
Depreciation and Amortization | | | 273 | | | | (273 | ) | | | — | | | | — | | | | — | |
Professional Services | | | 1 | | | | (1 | ) | | | — | | | | — | | | | — | |
Servicing | | | — | | | | 1,231 | | | | 1,231 | | | | (923 | ) | | | 308 | |
General and Administration | | | — | | | | 129 | | | | 129 | | | | — | | | | 129 | |
Other Operating Expenses | | | 128 | | | | (128 | ) | | | — | | | | — | | | | — | |
Total Expenses | | | 8,196 | | | | — | | | | 8,196 | | | | (388 | ) | | | 7,808 | |
Total Net Income | | $ | 3,520 | | | $ | — | | | $ | 3,520 | | | $ | 734 | | | $ | 4,254 | |
*See note 1 for further details on the reclassifications.
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Condensed Consolidated Statement of Operations – Nine months ended September 30, 2014
| | As previously reported | | | Reclassifications* | | | As reclassified | | | Adjustments | | | As corrected | |
Revenue | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Operating Revenue | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Administration Fee Revenue - Related Party | | $ | 19,525 | | | $ | — | | | $ | 19,525 | | | $ | — | | | $ | 19,525 | |
Servicing Income, Net | | | 2,965 | | | | — | | | | 2,965 | | | | (586 | ) | | | 2,379 | |
Gain on Sale of Borrower Loans | | | — | | | | 814 | | | | 814 | | | | 1,404 | | | | 2,218 | |
Other Revenue | | | 814 | | | | (814 | ) | | | — | | | | — | | | | — | |
Total Operating Revenue | | | 23,304 | | | | — | | | | 23,304 | | | | 818 | | | | 24,122 | |
Interest Income on Borrower Loans | | | 31,014 | | | | — | | | | 31,014 | | | | 429 | | | | 31,443 | |
Interest Expense on Notes | | | (28,613 | ) | | | — | | | | (28,613 | ) | | | (260 | ) | | | (28,873 | ) |
Net Interest Income | | | 2,401 | | | | — | | | | 2,401 | | | | 169 | | | | 2,570 | |
Change in Fair Value on Borrower Loans, Loans Held for Sale and Notes, net | | | 448 | | | | — | | | | 448 | | | | (146 | ) | | | 302 | |
Total Net Revenue | | | 26,153 | | | | — | | | | 26,153 | | | | 841 | | | | 26,994 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Expenses | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Cost of Services | | 2297 | | | | (2,297 | ) | | | — | | | | — | | | | — | |
Administration Fee - Related Party | | 15018 | | | | — | | | | 15,018 | | | | 1,383 | | | | 16,401 | |
Depreciation and Amortization | | | 761 | | | | (761 | ) | | | — | | | | — | | | | — | |
Professional Services | | | 16 | | | | (16 | ) | | | — | | | | — | | | | — | |
Servicing | | | — | | | | 3,058 | | | | 3,058 | | | | (1,994 | ) | | | 1,064 | |
General and Administration | | | — | | | �� | 329 | | | | 329 | | | | (14 | ) | | | 315 | |
Other Operating Expenses | | | 313 | | | | (313 | ) | | | — | | | | — | | | | — | |
Total Expenses | | | 18,405 | | | | — | | | | 18,405 | | | | (625 | ) | | | 17,780 | |
Total Net Income | | $ | 7,748 | | | $ | — | | | $ | 7,748 | | | $ | 1,466 | | | $ | 9,214 | |
*See note 1 for further details on the reclassifications.
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Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows – Nine months ended September 30, 2014
| | As previously | | | | | | | | | |
| | reported | | | Adjustments | | | As corrected | |
Cash flows from operating activities: | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Net Income | | $ | 7,748 | | | $ | 1,466 | | | $ | 9,214 | |
Adjustments to Reconcile Net Income to Net Cash Used in Operating Activities: | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Change in Fair Value of Borrower Loans, Loans Held for Sale and Notes | | | (448 | ) | | | 146 | | | | (302 | ) |
Other Non-Cash Changes in Borrower Loans, Loans Held for Sale and Notes | | | - | | | | (28 | ) | | | (28 | ) |
Depreciation and Amortization | | | 761 | | | | 27 | | | | 788 | |
Change in Servicing Rights | | | (808 | ) | | | 808 | | | | - | |
Gain on Sale of Borrower Loans | | | - | | | | (2,480 | ) | | | (2,480 | ) |
Amortization and Change in Fair Value of Servicing Rights | | | - | | | | 294 | | | | 294 | |
Changes in Operating Assets and Liabilities: | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Purchase of Borrower Loans Held for Sale at Fair Value | | | (12,444 | ) | | | (907,326 | ) | | | (919,770 | ) |
Proceeds from Sales and Principal Payments of Loans Held for Sale at Fair Value | | | - | | | | 909,897 | | | | 909,897 | |
Restricted Cash Except for those Related to Investing Activities | | | - | | | | (26,976 | ) | | | (26,976 | ) |
Other Assets | | | (21 | ) | | | 17 | | | | (4 | ) |
Accounts Payable and Accrued Liabilities | | | 212 | | | | 116 | | | | 328 | |
Payable to Investors | | | - | | | | 21,906 | | | | 21,906 | |
Net Related Party Payable | | | (278 | ) | | | (601 | ) | | | (879 | ) |
Net Cash Used in Operating Activities | | | (5,278 | ) | | | (2,734 | ) | | | (8,012 | ) |
Cash Flows From Investing Activities: | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Purchase of Borrower Loans Held at Fair Value | | | (823,841 | ) | | | 692,984 | | | | (130,857 | ) |
Principal Payments of Borrower Loans Held at Fair Value | | | 88,944 | | | | 40 | | | | 88,984 | |
Proceeds from Sale of Borrower Loans Receivable Held at Fair Value | | | 693,007 | | | | (693,007 | ) | | | - | |
Maturities of Short Term Investments | | | - | | | | 1,271 | | | | 1,271 | |
Purchase of Short Term Investments | | | - | | | | (1,274 | ) | | | (1,274 | ) |
Purchases of Property and Equipment | | | (829 | ) | | | 18 | | | | (811 | ) |
Changes in Restricted Cash Related to Investing Activities | | | 3,578 | | | | 2,347 | | | | 5,925 | |
Net Cash Used in Investing Activities | | | (39,141 | ) | | | 2,379 | | | | (36,762 | ) |
Cash Flows from Financing Activities: | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Proceeds from Issuance of Notes Held at Fair Value | | | 130,828 | | | | (72 | ) | | | 130,756 | |
Payment of Notes Held at Fair Value | | | (89,336 | ) | | | 427 | | | | (88,909 | ) |
Net Cash Provided by Financing Activities | | | 41,492 | | | | 355 | | | | 41,847 | |
Net Decrease in Cash and Cash Equivalents | | | (2,927 | ) | | | - | | | | (2,927 | ) |
Cash and Cash Equivalents at Beginning of the Period | | | 5,789 | | | | - | | | | 5,789 | |
Cash and Cash Equivalents at End of the Period | | $ | 2,862 | | | $ | - | | | $ | 2,862 | |
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Item 2.
MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF
FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATION
PROSPER MARKETPLACE, INC.
This management’s discussion and analysis of financial condition and results of operations, or MD&A, contains forward-looking statements that involve risks and uncertainties. Please see “Forward-Looking Statements” in Prosper’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for a discussion of the uncertainties, risks and assumptions associated with these statements. This discussion should be read in conjunction with Prosper’s historical condensed consolidated financial statements and related notes thereto and the other disclosures contained elsewhere in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q. Management’s Discussion and Analysis has been revised to include the effects of the restatement. The results of operations for the periods reflected herein are not necessarily indicative of results that may be expected for future periods, and Prosper’s actual results may differ materially from those discussed in the forward-looking statements as a result of various factors, including but not limited to those included in the “Risk Factors” section and elsewhere in Prosper’s Annual Report on Form 10-K.
Overview
Prosper is a pioneer of online marketplace lending that connects borrowers and investors. Prosper’s goal is to enable borrowers to access credit at affordable rates and provide investors with attractive risk-adjusted rates of return. Prosper’s marketplace facilitated $1.6 billion in Borrower Loan originations during 2014, of which $1.4 billion were funded through Prosper’s Whole Loan Channel, representing 88% of the total Borrower Loans originated through Prosper’s marketplace during this period. In the three months ended September 30, 2015, Prosper’s marketplace facilitated $1.1 billion in Borrower Loan originations, of which $1.0 billion were funded through Prosper’s Whole Loan Channel, representing 91% of the total Borrower Loans originated through Prosper’s marketplace during this period. In the nine months ended September 30, 2015, Prosper’s marketplace facilitated $2.6 billion in Borrower Loan originations, of which $2.4 billion were funded through Prosper’s Whole Loan Channel, representing 92% of the total Borrower Loans originated through Prosper’s marketplace during this period. From inception through September 30, 2015, Prosper’s marketplace facilitated $5.0 billion in Borrower Loan originations, of which $3.2 billion were funded through Prosper’s Whole Loan Channel, representing 64% of the total Borrower Loans originated through Prosper’s marketplace during this period.
Prosper believes its online marketplace model has key advantages relative to traditional banks, including (i) an innovative marketplace model that efficiently connects qualified supply and demand of capital, (ii) online operations that substantially reduce the need for physical infrastructure and improve convenience, and (iii) data and technology driven automation that increases efficiency, and improves the borrower and investor experience. Prosper does not operate physical branches or incur expenses related to that infrastructure like traditional banks or consumer finance institutions do; instead, it uses data and technology to drive automation and efficiency in its operation. As a result, Prosper believes its business model has lower operating costs than traditional banks and consumer finance institutions, allowing it to deliver what Prosper believes is higher value and a better experience for both borrowers and investors.
To consumer borrowers, Prosper believes that it offers generally better pricing, on average, than the pricing those borrowers would pay on outstanding credit card balances or unsecured installment loans from a traditional bank. Prosper also believes that it offer faster decisions and loan originations, and greater transparency, resulting in a better customer experience than that provided by traditional banks.
To individual and institutional investors, Prosper offers a new asset class that it believes has attractive risk adjusted returns, transparency, access to consumer loans, and lower duration risk.
Prosper’s marketplace offers fixed rate, fully amortizing, unsecured consumer loans from $2,000 to $35,000. Loan terms of three and five years are available, depending upon the Prosper Rating assigned to the borrower at issue and loan amount being sought. All Borrower Loans are originated and funded by WebBank, an FDIC-insured, state chartered industrial bank organized under the laws of Utah. As part of operating its marketplace, Prosper verifies the identity of borrowers and assesses borrowers’ credit risk profile using a combination of public and proprietary data. Prosper’s proprietary technology automates several loan origination and servicing functions, including the borrower application process, data gathering, credit scoring, loan funding, investing and servicing, regulatory compliance and fraud detection.
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Results of Operations
Overview
The following table summarizes Prosper’s net income (loss) for the three months ended September 30, 2015 and 2014 (in thousands):
| | Three Months Ended | | | | | | | | | |
| | September 30, 2015 | | | | | | | | | |
| | 2015 | | | 2014 | | | $ Change | | | % Change | |
Total Net Revenue | | $ | 58,629 | | | $ | 25,125 | | | | 33,504 | | | | 133 | % |
Total Expenses (including Income Taxes) | | | 62,472 | | | | 21,781 | | | | 40,691 | | | | 187 | % |
Net Income (Loss) | | $ | (3,843 | ) | | $ | 3,344 | | | | (7,187 | ) | | | (215 | )% |
Total revenue for the three months ended September 30, 2015 increased $33.5 million, a 133% increase from the three months ended September 30, 2014, primarily due to increased Borrower Loan originations which increased 174%. Total expenses for the three months ended September 30, 2015 increased $40.7 million, a 187% increase from the three months ended September 30, 2014, primarily due to higher compensation costs as Prosper added more staff to support its business growth, additional facilities related expenses incurred in connection with the move into a new headquarters and expansion into Arizona and Utah, and higher marketing and origination expenses to support higher origination volume. Additionally, Prosper incurred $0.5 million in additional compensation costs as a result of purchasing common stock from certain employees at a price above the fair market value of such common stock. Net loss for the three months ended September 30, 2015 increased $7.2 million, a switch from net income in the three months ended September 30, 2014, primarily due to increased expenses previously described.
The following table summarizes Prosper’s net income (loss) for the nine months ended September 30, 2015 and 2014 (in thousands):
| | Nine Months Ended | | | | | | | | | |
| | September 30, 2015 | | | | | | | | | |
| | 2015 | | | 2014 | | | $ Change | | | % Change | |
Total Net Revenue | | $ | 139,861 | | | $ | 53,396 | | | | 86,465 | | | | 162 | % |
Total Expenses (including Income Taxes) | | | 157,185 | | | | 52,056 | | | | 105,129 | | | | 202 | % |
Net Income (Loss) | | $ | (17,324 | ) | | $ | 1,340 | | | | (18,664 | ) | | | (1393 | )% |
Total revenue for the nine months ended September 30, 2015 increased $86.5 million, a 162% increase from the nine months ended September 30, 2014, primarily due to increased Borrower Loan originations, which increased 144%. Total expenses for the nine months ended September 30, 2015 increased $105.1 million, a 202% increase from the nine months ended September 30, 2014, primarily due to higher compensation costs as Prosper added more staff to support its business growth, additional facilities related expenses incurred in connection with the move into a new headquarters and expansion into Arizona and Utah, and higher marketing and origination expenses to support higher origination volume. Additionally, Prosper incurred $6.2 million in additional compensation costs as a result of purchasing common stock from certain employees at a price above the fair market value of such common stock. Net loss for the nine months ended September 30, 2015 increased $18.7 million, a switch from net income in the nine months ended September 30, 2014, primarily due to increased expenses previously described.
American HealthCare Lending Acquisition
On January 23, 2015, Prosper acquired all of the outstanding limited liability company interests of American HealthCare Lending, LLC, a company that operated a cloud-based patient financing platform, and merged AHL with and into PHL, with PHL surviving the merger. Prosper’s condensed consolidated financial statements include PHL's results of operations and financial position from this date forward.
Origination Volume
From inception through September 30, 2015, a total of 413,622 Borrower Loans, totaling $5.0 billion, were originated through Prosper’s marketplace.
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During the third quarter ended September 30, 2015, 79,457 Borrower Loans totaling $1.1 billion were originated through Prosper’s marketplace, compared to 37,439 Borrower Loans totaling $493 million during the third quarter ended September 30, 2014. This represented a “unit” or loan, increase of 112% and a dollar increase of 117%.
The graph below presents aggregate dollar originations in (millions) through Prosper’s marketplace dating back to July 2009:
Revenue
The following table summarizes Prosper’s revenue for the three months ended September 30, 2015 and 2014 (in thousands):
| | Three Months Ended | | | | | | | | | |
| | September 30, | | | | | | | | | |
| | 2015 | | | 2014 | | | $ Change | | | % Change | |
Operating Revenue | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Transaction Fees, Net | | $ | 46,842 | | | $ | 21,061 | | | | 25,781 | | | | 122 | % |
Servicing Fees, Net | | | 4,652 | | | | 1,401 | | | | 3,251 | | | | 232 | % |
Gain on Sale of Borrower Loans | | | 4,263 | | | | 1,268 | | | | 2,995 | | | | 236 | % |
Other Revenue | | | 2,229 | | | | 479 | | | | 1,750 | | | | 365 | % |
Total Operating Revenue | | | 57,986 | | | | 24,209 | | | | 33,777 | | | | 140 | % |
Interest Income | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Interest Income on Borrower Loans | | | 10,280 | | | | 10,781 | | | | (501 | ) | | | (5 | )% |
Interest Expense on Notes | | | (9,550 | ) | | | (9,886 | ) | | | 336 | | | | (3 | )% |
Net Interest Income | | | 730 | | | | 895 | | | | (165 | ) | | | (18 | )% |
Change in Fair Value of Borrower Loans, Loans Held for Sale and Notes, net | | | (87 | ) | | | 21 | | | | (108 | ) | | | (514 | )% |
Total Revenue | | | 58,629 | | | | 25,125 | | | | 33,504 | | | | 133 | % |
The following table summarizes Prosper’s revenue for the nine months ended September 30, 2015 and 2014 (in thousands):
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| | Nine Months Ended | | | | | | | | | |
| | September 30, | | | | | | | | | |
| | 2015 | | | 2014 | | | $ Change | | | % Change | |
Operating Revenue | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Transaction Fees, Net | | $ | 111,984 | | | $ | 45,404 | | | | 66,580 | | | | 147 | % |
Servicing Fees, Net | | | 10,796 | | | | 2,512 | | | | 8,284 | | | | 330 | % |
Gain on Sale of Borrower Loans | | | 9,881 | | | | 2,246 | | | | 7,635 | | | | 340 | % |
Other Revenue | | | 4,935 | | | | 662 | | | | 4,273 | | | | 645 | % |
Total Operating Revenue | | | 137,596 | | | | 50,824 | | | | 86,772 | | | | 171 | % |
Interest Income | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Interest Income on Borrower Loans | | | 30,892 | | | | 31,153 | | | | (261 | ) | | | (1 | )% |
Interest Expense on Notes | | | (28,561 | ) | | | (28,872 | ) | | | 311 | | | | (1 | )% |
Net Interest Income | | | 2,331 | | | | 2,281 | | | | 50 | | | | 2 | % |
Change in Fair Value of Borrower Loans, Loans Held for Sale and Notes, net | | | (66 | ) | | | 291 | | | | (357 | ) | | | (123 | )% |
Total Revenue | | | 139,861 | | | | 53,396 | | | | 86,465 | | | | 162 | % |
Transaction Fees, Net
Prosper earns transaction fees paid by WebBank for Prosper’s services in connection with Borrower Loan origination. The transaction fee is equal to the origination fee WebBank charges the borrower under a Borrower Loan less the amount retained by WebBank.
Transaction fees increased primarily due to higher origination volume through Prosper’s marketplace during the three months ended September 30, 2015. The average transaction fee (gross of fees retained by WebBank) was 4.57% for the three months ended September 30, 2015 and was 4.47% for the three months ended September 30, 2014.
Transaction fees increased primarily due to higher origination volume through Prosper’s marketplace during the nine months ended September 30, 2015. The average transaction fee (gross of fees retained by WebBank) was 4.54% for the nine months ended September 30, 2015 and was 4.48% for the nine months ended September 30, 2014.
Servicing Fees, Net
Prosper earns a fee from investors who purchase Borrower Loans through the Whole Loan Channel for servicing such loans on their behalf. The servicing fee compensates Prosper for the costs it incurs in servicing the Borrower Loan, including managing payments from borrowers, payments to investors and maintaining investors’ account portfolios. The servicing fee is generally set at 1% per annum of the outstanding principal balance of the corresponding Borrower Loan prior to applying the current payment. The increase in servicing fees was due to the increase in Borrower Loans being serviced as a result of the increase in Borrower Loan originations, which is offset by an increase in the change in fair value of the servicing asset.
Gain on Sale of Borrower Loans
Gain on Sale of Borrower Loans consists of net gains on Borrower Loans sold through the Whole Loan Channel. The increase was due to an increase in volume of such sales.
Other Revenue
Other revenue consists primarily of credit referral fees, where partner companies pay Prosper an agreed upon amount for referrals of customers from the website. The increase in other revenue was due to the addition of new credit referral partners, as well as increased traffic to existing partners.
Interest Income on Borrower Loans and Interest Expense on Notes
Prosper recognizes interest income on Borrower Loans funded through the Note Channel using the accrual method based on the stated interest rate to the extent Prosper believes it to be collectable. Prosper records interest expense on the corresponding Notes based on the contractual interest rates. The interest rate charged on the Borrower Loans is generally 1% higher than the corresponding interest rate on the Note to compensate Prosper for servicing the Borrower Loans. This is recorded in interest income.
Overall, the increase in net interest income for the periods above was primarily driven by the increase in volume of Borrower Loans funded through the Note Channel.
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Change in Fair Value of Borrower Loans, Loans Held for Sale and Notes, net
The fair value of Borrower Loans, Loans Held for Sale and Notes are estimated using discounted cash flow methodologies based upon a set of valuation assumptions. The main assumptions used to value such Borrower Loans, Loans Held for Sale and Notes include default rates derived from historical performance, and discount rates. Loans held for sale are primarily comprised of Borrower Loans held for short durations and are valued using the same approach as the Borrower Loans held at fair value.
The following table summarizes the fair value adjustments for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2015 and 2014, respectively (in thousands):
| | Three Months Ended September 30, | | | Nine Months Ended September 30, | |
| | 2015 | | | 2014 | | | 2015 | | | 2014 | |
Borrower Loans | | $ | (6,496 | ) | | $ | (5,821 | ) | | $ | (16,465 | ) | | $ | (14,841 | ) |
Loans held for sale | | | (25 | ) | | | - | | | | (121 | ) | | | - | |
Notes | | | 6,434 | | | | 5,842 | | | | 16,520 | | | | 15,132 | |
Total | | $ | (87 | ) | | $ | 21 | | | $ | (66 | ) | | $ | 291 | |
Expenses
The following table summarizes Prosper’s expenses for the three months ended September 30, 2015 and 2014 (in thousands):
| | Three Months Ended September 30, | | | | | | | | | |
| | 2015 | | | 2014 | | | $ Change | | | % Change | |
Expenses | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Origination and Servicing | | $ | 8,357 | | | $ | 3,376 | | | | 4,981 | | | | 148 | % |
Sales and Marketing | | | 31,844 | | | | 11,201 | | | | 20,643 | | | | 184 | % |
General and Administrative -Research and Development | | | 4,803 | | | | 1,801 | | | | 3,002 | | | | 167 | % |
General and Administrative - Other | | | 17,433 | | | | 5,403 | | | | 12,030 | | | | 223 | % |
Total Expenses | | $ | 62,437 | | | $ | 21,781 | | | $ | 40,656 | | | | 187 | % |
The following table summarizes Prosper’s expenses for the nine months ended September 30, 2015 and 2014 (in thousands):
| | Nine Months Ended September 30, | | | | | | | | | |
| | 2015 | | | 2014 | | | $ Change | | | % Change | |
Expenses | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Origination and Servicing | | $ | 22,335 | | | $ | 8,220 | | | | 14,115 | | | | 172 | % |
Sales and Marketing | | | 76,996 | | | | 27,028 | | | | 49,968 | | | | 185 | % |
General and Administrative -Research and Development | | | 10,527 | | | | 6,477 | | | | 4,050 | | | | 63 | % |
General and Administrative - Other | | | 47,043 | | | | 10,331 | | | | 36,712 | | | | 355 | % |
Total Expenses | | $ | 156,901 | | | $ | 52,056 | | | $ | 104,845 | | | | 201 | % |
As of September 30, 2015, Prosper had 535 full-time employees compared to 181 full-time employees as of September 30, 2014. The following table reflects full-time employees as of September 30, 2015 and September 30, 2014 by department:
| | September 30, | | | September 30, | |
| | | 2015 | | | | 2014 | |
Origination and Servicing | | | 201 | | | | 81 | |
Sales and Marketing | | | 105 | | | | 18 | |
General and Administrative - Research and Development | | | 109 | | | | 35 | |
General and Administrative - Other | | | 120 | | | | 47 | |
Total Headcount | | | 535 | | | | 181 | |
Origination and Servicing
Origination and servicing costs consists primarily of salaries, benefits and stock-based compensation expense related to Prosper’s credit, collections, customer support and payment processing employees and vendor costs associated with facilitating and servicing Borrower Loans. The increase was primarily due to an increase in personnel related expenses as Prosper expanded its
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verification and customer support teams to support the increased loan application and processing volume and an increase in consumer reporting agency and loan processing costs which was also driven by higher loan volumes.
Sales and Marketing
Sales and Marketing costs consist primarily of affiliate marketing, search engine marketing, online and offline campaigns, email marketing, public relations, and direct mail marketing including the compensation costs such as wages, benefits and stock based compensation for the employees to support these activities. For the three months ending September 30, 2015, this increase was largely due to increased costs related to generating the continuing growth in originations through Prosper’s marketplace including an $6.7 million or 159% increase in affiliate marketing costs as Prosper increased the number and volume of partners, a $9.0 million or 187% increase in direct mailing costs as we increased the volume of our direct mail campaigns, a $1.3 million or 366% increase in online marketing costs as Prosper significantly expanded its efforts in this area and a $3.3 million or 699% increase in compensation costs due to the hiring of eighty-seven additional employees in this department. For the nine months ending September 30, 2015, this increase was largely due to increased costs related to generating the continuing growth in originations through Prosper’s marketplace including a $20.0 million or 229% increase in affiliate marketing costs as Prosper increased the number and volume of partners, a $16.8 million or 119% increase in direct mailing costs as we increased the volume of our direct mail campaigns, a $3.0 million or 399% increase in online marketing costs as Prosper significantly expanded its efforts in this area and a $8.0 million or 639% increase in compensation costs due to the hiring of eighty-seven additional employees in this department.
Research and Development
Research and development costs consist primarily of salaries, benefits and stock-based compensation expense related to engineering and product development employees and related vendor costs. The increase was primarily due to an increase in personnel related expenses as Prosper expanded its engineering and product development teams to support continued investment in its marketplace. The total increase is not as large as the total investment in research and development activities as a portion of these costs are capitalized as internal use software projects, which are amortized in origination and servicing.
General and Administrative
General and administrative expenses consists primarily of salaries, benefits and stock-based compensation expense related to accounting and finance, legal, human resources and facilities employees, professional fees related to legal and accounting and facilities expense. The increase was primarily due to an increase in personnel related expenses as Prosper increased its headcount to support growth and increased facilities expenses as Prosper obtained additional space to support the increase in headcount.
Liquidity and Capital Resources
The following table summarizes Prosper’s cash flow activities for the nine months ended September 30, 2015 and 2014 (in thousands):
| | Nine Months Ended | |
| | September 30, | |
| | 2015 | | | 2014 | |
Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities | | $ | 2,623 | | | $ | (13,123 | ) |
Net cash used in investing activities | | | (107,304 | ) | | | (45,820 | ) |
Net cash provided by financing activities | | | 174,646 | | | | 93,871 | |
Net increase in cash and cash equivalents | | | 69,965 | | | | 34,928 | |
Cash and cash equivalents at the beginning of the period | | | 50,557 | | | | 18,339 | |
Cash and cash equivalents at the end of the period | | $ | 120,522 | | | $ | 53,267 | |
Net cash increased for the nine months ended September 30, 2015 primarily due to the $165 million raised through the issuance of New Series D convertible preferred shares, which was offset by the $19 million paid net of cash acquired to purchase American HealthCare Lending LLC and $29.2 million paid to repurchase common stock from certain employees. Prosper plans to use the $165 million raised for general corporate needs and for the common stock repurchase described above. Net cash used in investing primarily represents the acquisition of AHL and acquisitions of Borrower Loans (excluding acquisition of Borrower Loans sold to unrelated third parties which is included in cash flow from operations along with the corresponding proceeds from sale of Borrower Loans), offset by repayment of Borrower Loans. Net cash provided by financing activities primarily represents proceeds from the issuance of Notes, partially offset by payments on Notes. Subsequent to September 30, 2015, Prosper paid $25 million in cash to acquire Billguard Inc. If certain conditions of an earn-out are met within a 12 month period of closing an additional $5million will be paid to the shareholders of Billguard Inc.
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Income Taxes
Prosper recognizes benefits from uncertain tax positions only if it believes that it is more likely than not that the tax position will be sustained on examination by the taxing authorities based on the technical merits of the position.
Given Prosper’s history of operating losses, it is difficult to accurately forecast when and in what amounts future results will be affected by the realization, if any, of the tax benefits of future deductions for its net operating loss carry-forwards. Based on the weight of available evidence, which includes historical operating performance and the reported cumulative net losses in prior years, Prosper has recorded a full valuation allowance against its net deferred tax assets. The income tax expense relates to state income tax expense and the amortization of goodwill from the acquisition of PHL for tax purposes which gives rise to an indefinite-lived deferred tax liability.
Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements
As a result of retaining servicing rights on the sale of Borrower Loans, Prosper is a variable interest holder in certain special purposes entities that purchase these Borrower Loans. None of these special purpose entities are consolidated as Prosper is not the primary beneficiary.
Critical Accounting Policies
Certain of Prosper's accounting policies that involve a higher degree of judgment and complexity are discussed in Part II - Item 7 - Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operation - Critical Accounting Estimates in Prosper’s Annual Report. There have been no significant changes to these critical accounting estimates during the first nine months of 2015 other than noted below.
Loan Servicing Asset and Liability
On January 1, 2015, Prosper elected to adopt the fair value method to measure the servicing assets and liabilities for all classes of servicing assets and liabilities subsequent to initial recognition. Prior to January 1, 2015 servicing assets and liabilities were measured at amortized cost subsequent to initial recognition. The adoption of the fair value method for a particular class is irrevocable. The difference between the amortized cost and fair value at January 1, 2015 was recorded as a decrease to accumulated deficit.
Additional Information about the Marketplace
Comparing Estimated Loss Rates to Actual Losses
Prosper reviews the performance of Borrower Loans on a monthly basis to determine how loss rate estimates compare to actual performance. As part of this monthly review, the processes for calculating and assigning loss rates and Prosper Ratings are reassessed to ensure continued accuracy. The graphs below show the estimated versus actual cumulative dollar loss rates by Prosper Rating for Borrower Loans, collectively, booked from July 13, 2009 through March 31, 2015. Performance is as of September 30, 2015. The loss performance is tracked by vintage, meaning each line represents all Borrower Loans originated in a given period. The graphs only include Borrower Loans that have been outstanding at least 6 months. In addition, data for a point along the x axis is only included if the entire vintage is at least that mature. So, although Borrower Loans originated in January 2015 have 8 months of performance, only 6 months of performance are reflected in the graphs below because the March 2015 Borrower Loans, which are also a part of the 2015 Q1 vintage, have only completed 6 months of performance.
Vintages generally contain enough loan volume for their performance curves to be meaningful. For presentation purposes, some of the older vintages have been grouped into annual and half-year vintages.
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Below is a graph that shows cumulative net charge-offs as a percentage of originations across all Prosper Ratings by vintage for Borrower Loans, collectively, originated from July 13, 2009 to March 31, 2015. The addition of “H1” means that the information reported reflects the first nine months of the year presented, while “H2” reflects the second 6 months of the year presented. Similarly, “Q1” or “Q2” means that the information reported reflects the first or second quarter of the year presented.
Overall, vintages originated in 2013 and 2014 are demonstrating meaningfully lower cumulative losses than those originated in 2012 and earlier. Prosper considers changes in the risk management process implemented at the end of 2012 and in early 2013 to be a meaningful driver of this trend.
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The graphs below show cumulative net charge-offs for Borrower Loans, collectively, as a percentage of originations for each Prosper Rating presented by vintage from July 13, 2009 to September 30, 2015.
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Note: Estimated lines represent the high end of the estimated loss rate range for each Prosper Rating, except for HR, where the high end of the range is 100% and the estimated curve was set at 19.50% cumulative principal loss.
In many rating grades, risk is trending above estimates for the 2009-2012 booked vintages. To date, the majority of the 2013 and 2014 vintages have cumulative losses below their respective estimated lines. Prosper considers this change in performance to be a direct result of changes made to its risk management practices at the end of 2012 and the beginning of 2013.
Please note that the historical performance of Borrower Loans may not be indicative of the future performance of Borrower Loans.
Historical Performance of Borrower Loans
The performance of Borrower Loans is a function of the credit quality of borrowers and the risk and return preferences of investor members. Investor members can choose to pursue a variety of bidding strategies, including strategies that may or may not maximize the return on their investment. When making commitment decisions, investor members consider borrower members’ Prosper Ratings, credit scores, debt-to-income ratios and other credit data and information displayed with listings.
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The graph below displays the overall level of delinquency (days past due or “DPD”) for Borrower Loans, collectively, on a calendar basis. Loss estimates for the portfolio on a vintage basis may be found in the section “Comparing Estimated Loss Rates to Actual Losses”.
The following table presents aggregated information as of September 30, 2015, grouped by Prosper Rating, for all Borrower Loans, collectively, originated on Prosper’s marketplace from July 13, 2009 through September 30, 2015. With respect to delinquent Borrower Loans, the table shows the entire amount of the principal remaining due (not just that particular payment) as of September 30, 2015
Borrower Loan Originations
July 13, 2009 –September 30, 2015
(as of September 30, 2015)
(in thousands, except for number amounts)
| | Total Loan Originations | | | Current Borrower Loans | | | 1-30 Days Past Due | |
Prosper Rating | | No. | | | Origination Amount | | | No. | | | Origination Amount | | | Outstanding Principal | | | No. | | | Origination Amount | | | Outstanding Principal | |
AA | | | 34,728 | | | $ | 442,865 | | | | 28,621 | | | $ | 373,964 | | | $ | 293,811 | | | | 104 | | | $ | 1,483 | | | $ | 1,037 | |
A | | | 80,623 | | | | 1,094,782 | | | | 65,733 | | | | 926,135 | | | | 752,770 | | | | 503 | | | | 7,285 | | | | 5,202 | |
B | | | 88,560 | | | | 1,283,969 | | | | 72,283 | | | | 1,087,020 | | | | 928,085 | | | | 843 | | | | 12,775 | | | | 9,968 | |
C | | | 89,806 | | | | 1,220,075 | | | | 70,316 | | | | 998,370 | | | | 870,279 | | | | 1,198 | | | | 17,299 | | | | 14,167 | |
D | | | 49,701 | | | | 540,589 | | | | 33,161 | | | | 397,221 | | | | 349,835 | | | | 832 | | | | 10,316 | | | | 8,490 | |
E | | | 29,324 | | | | 171,808 | | | | 18,117 | | | | 115,435 | | | | 99,969 | | | | 521 | | | | 3,068 | | | | 2,493 | |
HR | | | 11,867 | | | | 44,673 | | | | 4,738 | | | | 19,821 | | | | 17,099 | | | | 157 | | | | 604 | | | | 416 | |
| | | 384,609 | | | $ | 4,798,761 | | | | 292,969 | | | $ | 3,917,966 | | | $ | 3,311,848 | | | | 4,158 | | | $ | 52,830 | | | $ | 41,773 | |
Avg loan size: | | | | | | $ | 12.5 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Percent of total | | | | | | | | | | | 76.2 | % | | | 81.6 | % | | | | | | | 1.1 | % | | | 1.1 | % | | | | |
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| | Paid In Full | | | 31+ Days Past Due | | | Defaulted 1 | |
Prosper Rating | | No. | | | Origination Amount | | | No. | | | Origination Amount | | | Outstanding Principal | | | No. | | | Origination Amount | | | Net Charged Off Principal | |
AA | | | 5,672 | | | $ | 63,240 | | | | 104 | | | $ | 1,433 | | | $ | 1,060 | | | | 227 | | | $ | 2,745 | | | $ | 2,036 | |
A | | | 12,600 | | | | 138,974 | | | | 546 | | | | 7,487 | | | | 5,628 | | | | 1,241 | | | | 14,901 | | | | 11,261 | |
B | | | 12,458 | | | | 145,688 | | | | 956 | | | | 13,734 | | | | 11,048 | | | | 2,020 | | | | 24,752 | | | | 19,825 | |
C | | | 13,580 | | | | 146,780 | | | | 1,389 | | | | 19,290 | | | | 16,034 | | | | 3,323 | | | | 38,337 | | | | 31,959 | |
D | | | 11,272 | | | | 92,064 | | | | 962 | | | | 11,692 | | | | 9,895 | | | | 3,474 | | | | 29,296 | | | | 23,566 | |
E | | | 7,350 | | | | 36,022 | | | | 587 | | | | 3,561 | | | | 2,955 | | | | 2,749 | | | | 13,722 | | | | 10,886 | |
HR | | | 4,736 | | | | 16,342 | | | | 183 | | | | 664 | | | | 467 | | | | 2,053 | | | | 7,241 | | | | 5,317 | |
| | | 67,668 | | | $ | 639,110 | | | | 4,727 | | | $ | 57,861 | | | $ | 47,087 | | | | 15,087 | | | $ | 130,994 | | | $ | 104,850 | |
Percent of total | | | 17.6 | % | | | 13.3 | % | | | 1.2 | % | | | 1.2 | % | | | | | | | 3.9 | % | | | 2.7 | % | | | | |
1 | Includes all Borrower Loans more than 120 days past due |
Default due to Delinquency: | | | 12,237 | | | $ | 83,279 | |
Default due to Bankruptcy2 : | | | 2,850 | | | $ | 21,570 | |
2 | Only includes Borrower Loans where the bankruptcy notification date is prior to the date such loan became more than 120 days past due. If Prosper was notified of a bankruptcy after a Borrower Loan was more than 120 days past due, then such loan is included in the “Default due to Delinquency” totals. |
The data in the preceding tables regarding Borrower Loans may not be representative of the loss experience that will develop for future Borrower Loans. In addition, the data in the preceding tables may not be representative of the impact of prepayments experienced on Borrower Loans over time.
The following table presents aggregate information, as of September 30, 2015, regarding the results of Prosper’s collection efforts for Borrower Loans, collectively, originated after July 13, 2009 that became more than 30 days past due at any time, grouped by Prosper Rating (in thousands except for number amounts).
Prosper Rating | | Loans In Collections | | | Origination Amount | | | Aggregate Amount Sent to Collections | | | Gross Amount Collected on Accounts sent to Collections | | | Number of Loans Charged- off | | | Gross Aggregate Principal Balance of Loans Charged- Off | | | Gross Amount Recovered on Loans Charged- Off | | | Net Aggregate Charge- Off* | |
AA | | | 441 | | | $ | 5,676 | | | $ | 335 | | | $ | 139 | | | | 261 | | | $ | 2,493 | | | $ | 446 | | | $ | 2,046 | |
A | | | 2,236 | | | | 28,032 | | | | 1,651 | | | | 771 | | | | 1,373 | | | | 12,966 | | | | 1,724 | | | | 11,242 | |
B | | | 3,691 | | | | 48,070 | | | | 2,829 | | | | 1,199 | | | | 2,269 | | | | 23,231 | | | | 3,445 | | | | 19,786 | |
C | | | 5,780 | | | | 70,536 | | | | 4,300 | | | | 2,000 | | | | 3,721 | | | | 36,973 | | | | 5,064 | | | | 31,910 | |
D | | | 5,309 | | | | 49,429 | | | | 3,378 | | | | 1,975 | | | | 3,751 | | | | 26,958 | | | | 3,370 | | | | 23,588 | |
E | | | 4,047 | | | | 20,911 | | | | 1,649 | | | | 953 | | | | 2,989 | | | | 12,357 | | | | 1,475 | | | | 10,882 | |
HR | | | 2,604 | | | | 9,240 | | | | 802 | | | | 558 | | | | 2,141 | | | | 5,843 | | | | 525 | | | | 5,318 | |
| | | 24,108 | | | $ | 231,894 | | | $ | 14,944 | | | $ | 7,595 | | | | 16,505 | | | $ | 120,821 | | | $ | 16,049 | | | $ | 104,772 | |
* This amount excludes collection agency payments that were subsequently returned due to insufficient funds.
Prosper may alter the terms or make principal reductions on some Borrower Loans, which may include cases where a reduction in the initial interest rate is required by law. The Servicemembers’ Civil Relief Act requires interest rates to be reduced to 6% while a borrower in the armed forces is on active duty. In order to comply with the Servicemembers’ Civil Relief Act, Prosper has elected to make “pre-refunds” of the interest differential to the affected borrower for the period of deployment. The borrower then continues to make their regular payments. In these cases, Prosper has refunded the interest to the borrower from Prosper’s own funds and, as a result, the payments received by the applicable investor members were unchanged.
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PROSPER FUNDING LLC
This management’s discussion and analysis of financial condition and results of operations, or MD&A, contains forward-looking statements that involve risks and uncertainties. Please see “Forward-Looking Statements” in Prosper Funding’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for a discussion of the uncertainties, risks and assumptions associated with these statements. This discussion should be read in conjunction with Prosper Funding’s historical financial statements and related notes thereto and the other disclosures contained elsewhere in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q. Management’s Discussion and Analysis has been revised to include the effects of the restatement. The results of operations for the periods reflected herein are not necessarily indicative of results that may be expected for future periods, and Prosper Funding’s actual results may differ materially from those discussed in the forward-looking statements as a result of various factors, including but not limited to those included in the “Risk Factors” section and elsewhere in Prosper Funding’s Annual Report on Form 10-K.
Prosper Funding was formed in the state of Delaware in February 2012 as a limited liability company with its sole equity member being PMI. Prosper Funding was formed by PMI to hold Borrower Loans originated through the Note Channel and issue related Notes. Although Prosper Funding is consolidated with PMI for accounting and tax purposes, Prosper Funding has been organized and is operated in a manner that is intended to minimize the likelihood that it would be substantively consolidated with PMI in a bankruptcy proceeding. Prosper Funding’s intention is to minimize the likelihood that its assets would be subject to claims by PMI’s creditors if PMI were to file for bankruptcy, as well as to minimize the likelihood that Prosper Funding will become subject to bankruptcy proceedings directly. Prosper Funding seeks to achieve this by placing certain restrictions on its activities and implementing certain formal procedures designed to expressly reinforce its status as a distinct corporate entity from PMI.
PFL formed PAH in November 2013 as a limited liability company with the sole equity member being PFL. PAH was formed to purchase certain Borrower Loans from PFL and, sell them to certain participants in the Whole Loan Channel.
Results of Operations
Overview
The following table summarizes Prosper Funding’s net income for the three months ended September 30, 2015 and 2014 (in thousands):
| | Three Months Ended | | | | | | | | | |
| | September 30, | | | | | | | | | |
| | 2015 | | | 2014 | | | $ Change | | | % Change | |
Total Net Revenue | | $ | 26,397 | | | $ | 12,062 | | | $ | 14,335 | | | | 119 | % |
Total Expenses | | | 19,269 | | | | 7,808 | | | | 11,461 | | | | 147 | % |
Net Income | | $ | 7,128 | | | $ | 4,254 | | | $ | 2,874 | | | | 68 | % |
Total revenue for the three months ended September 30, 2015 increased $14.3 million, a 119% increase from the three months ended September 30, 2014, primarily due to Borrower Loan originations which increased the loan administrative fee. Total expenses for the three months ended September 30, 2015 increased $11.5 million, a 147% increase from the three months ended September 30, 2014, primarily due to higher administrative expenses and depreciation charges. Net income for the three months ended September 30, 2015 increased $2.9 million, a 68% increase from the three months ended September 30, 2014, primarily due to increased Borrower Loan originations.
The following table summarizes Prosper Funding’s net income for the nine months ended September 30, 2015 and 2014 (in thousands):
| | Nine Months Ended | | | | | | | | | |
| | September 30, | | | | | | | | | |
| | 2015 | | | 2014 | | | $ Change | | | % Change | |
Total Net Revenue | | $ | 63,146 | | | $ | 26,994 | | | $ | 36,152 | | | | 134 | % |
Total Expenses | | | 45,464 | | | | 17,780 | | | | 27,684 | | | | 156 | % |
Net Income | | $ | 17,682 | | | $ | 9,214 | | | $ | 8,468 | | | | 92 | % |
Total revenue for the nine months ended September 30, 2015 increased $36.2 million, a 134% increase from the nine months ended September 30, 2014, primarily due to Borrower Loan originations which increased the loan administrative fee. Total expenses for the three months ended September 30, 2015 increased $27.7 million, a 156% increase from the nine months ended September 30, 2014, primarily due to higher administrative expenses and depreciation charges. Net income for the nine months ended September 30,
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2015 increased $8.5 million, a 92% increase from the nine months ended September 30, 2014, primarily due to increased Borrower Loan originations.
Revenue
The following table summarizes Prosper Funding’s revenue for the three months ended September 30, 2015 and 2014 (in thousands):
| | Three Months Ended September 30, | | | | | | | | | |
| | 2015 | | | 2014 | | | $ Change | | | % Change | |
Revenue | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Operating Revenue | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Administration Fee Revenue - Related Party | | $ | 16,544 | | | $ | 8,574 | | | | 7,970 | | | | 93 | % |
Servicing Fees, Net | | | 4,408 | | | | 1,253 | | | | 3,155 | | | | 252 | % |
Gain on Sale of Borrower Loans | | | 4,263 | | | | 1,240 | | | | 3,023 | | | | 244 | % |
Other Revenue | | | 561 | | | | - | | | | 561 | | | | 100 | % |
Total Operating Revenue | | | 25,776 | | | | 11,067 | | | | 14,709 | | | | 133 | % |
Interest Income on Borrower Loans | | | 10,258 | | | | 10,860 | | | | (602 | ) | | | -6 | % |
Interest Expense on Notes | | | (9,550 | ) | | | (9,886 | ) | | | 336 | | | | -3 | % |
Net Interest Income | | | 708 | | | | 974 | | | | (266 | ) | | | -27 | % |
Change in Fair Value on Borrower Loans, Loans Held for Sale and Notes, net | | | (87 | ) | | | 21 | | | | (108 | ) | | | -514 | % |
Total Revenue | | $ | 26,397 | | | $ | 12,062 | | | | 14,335 | | | | 119 | % |
The following table summarizes Prosper Funding’s revenue for the three months ended September 30, 2015 and 2014 (in thousands):
| | Nine Months Ended September 30, | | | | | | | | | |
| | 2015 | | | 2014 | | | $ Change | | | % Change | |
Revenue | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Operating Revenue | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Administration Fee Revenue - Related Party | | $ | 40,430 | | | $ | 19,525 | | | | 20,905 | | | | 107 | % |
Servicing Fees, Net | | | 9,945 | | | | 2,379 | | | | 7,566 | | | | 318 | % |
Gain on Sale of Borrower Loans | | | 9,881 | | | | 2,218 | | | | 7,663 | | | | 345 | % |
Other Revenue | | | 557 | | | | - | | | | 557 | | | | 100 | % |
Total Operating Revenue | | | 60,813 | | | | 24,122 | | | | 36,691 | | | | 152 | % |
Interest Income on Borrower Loans | | | 30,960 | | | | 31,443 | | | | (483 | ) | | | -2 | % |
Interest Expense on Notes | | | (28,561 | ) | | | (28,873 | ) | | | 312 | | | | -1 | % |
Net Interest Income | | | 2,399 | | | | 2,570 | | | | (171 | ) | | | -7 | % |
Change in Fair Value on Borrower Loans, Loans Held for Sale and Notes, net | | | (66 | ) | | | 302 | | | | (368 | ) | | | -122 | % |
Total Revenue | | $ | 63,146 | | | $ | 26,994 | | | | 36,152 | | | | 134 | % |
Administration Fee Revenue - Related Party
Prosper Funding primarily generates revenue through license fees it earns under its Administration Agreement with PMI. The Administration Agreement contains a license granted by Prosper Funding to PMI that entitles PMI to use the marketplace for and in relation to: (i) PMI’s performance of its duties and obligations under the Administration Agreement, and (ii) PMI’s performance of its duties and obligations to WebBank under the Loan Account Program Agreement. The increases in the administration fee revenue were the result of higher loan volume during 2015. Prosper Funding believes that the fees are at a rate that would be considered arm’s length.
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Servicing Fee Revenue, Net
Prosper Funding earns a fee from investors who purchase Borrower Loans through the Whole Loan Channel for servicing such loans on their behalf. The servicing fee compensates Prosper Funding for the costs incurred in servicing these Borrower Loans, including managing payments from borrowers, payments to investors and maintaining investors’ account portfolios. The servicing fee is currently set at 1% per annum of the outstanding principal balance of the Borrower Loan prior to applying the current payment. The increase in servicing fees was due to the increase in Borrower Loans being serviced as a result of the increase in Borrower Loan originations, which is offset by an increase in the change in the fair value of the servicing asset.
Gain on Sale of Borrower Loans
Gain on Sale of Borrower Loans consists of net gains on Borrower Loans sold through the Whole Loan Channel. The increase was due to an increase in volume of such sales.
Interest Income on Borrower Loans and Interest Expense on Notes
Prosper Funding recognizes interest income on Borrower Loans funded through the Note Channel using the accrual method based on the stated interest rate to the extent Prosper Funding believes it to be collectable. Prosper Funding records interest expense on the corresponding Notes based on the contractual interest rates. The interest rate charged on a Borrower Loan is generally 1% higher than the interest rate on the corresponding Notes to compensate Prosper Funding for servicing the Borrower Loan. This is recorded in interest income.
Overall, the increase in net interest income for the periods above was primarily driven by the increase in volume of Borrower Loans funded through the Note Channel.
Change in Fair Value of Borrower Loans, Loans Held for Sale and Notes, net
The fair value of Borrower Loans, Loans Held for Sale and Notes are estimated using discounted cash flow methodologies based upon a set of valuation assumptions. The main assumptions used to value such Borrower Loans, Loans Held for Sale and Notes include default rates derived from historical performance, and discount rates. Loans Held for Sale are primarily comprised of Borrower Loans held for short durations and are recorded using the same approach as the Borrower Loans held at fair value.
The following table summarizes the fair value adjustments for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2015 and 2014, respectively (in thousands):
| | Three Months Ended September 30, | | | Nine Months Ended September 30, | |
| | 2015 | | | 2014 | | | 2015 | | | 2014 | |
Borrower Loans | | $ | (6,496 | ) | | $ | (5,821 | ) | | $ | (16,465 | ) | | $ | (14,830 | ) |
Loans Held for Sale | | | (25 | ) | | | - | | | | (121 | ) | | | - | |
Notes | | | 6,434 | | | | 5,842 | | | | 16,520 | | | | 15,132 | |
Total | | $ | (87 | ) | | $ | 21 | | | $ | (66 | ) | | $ | 302 | |
Expenses
The following table summarizes Prosper Funding’s expenses for the three months ended September 30, 2015 and 2014 (in thousands):
| | Three Months Ended September 30, | | | | | | | | | | |
| | 2015 | | | 2014 | | | $ Change | | | % Change | | |
Expenses | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Administration Fee Expense – Related Party | | $ | 18,236 | | | $ | 7,371 | | | | 10,865 | | | | 147 | % | |
Servicing | | | 675 | | | | 308 | | | | 367 | | | | 119 | % | |
General and Administrative | | | 358 | | | | 129 | | | | 229 | | | | 178 | % | |
Total Expenses | | $ | 19,269 | | | $ | 7,808 | | | | 11,461 | | | | 147 | % | |
The following table summarizes Prosper Funding’s expenses for the nine months ended September 30, 2015 and 2014 (in thousands):
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| | Nine Months Ended September 30, | | | | | | | | | | |
| | 2015 | | | 2014 | | | $ Change | | | % Change | | |
Expenses | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Administration Fee Expense – Related Party | | $ | 41,615 | | | $ | 16,401 | | | | 25,214 | | | | 154 | % | |
Servicing | | | 2,946 | | | | 1,064 | | | | 1,882 | | | | 177 | % | |
General and Administrative | | | 903 | | | | 315 | | | | 588 | | | | 187 | % | |
Total Expenses | | $ | 45,464 | | | $ | 17,780 | | | | 27,684 | | | | 156 | % | |
Administration Fee Expense - Related Party
Pursuant to an Administration Agreement between Prosper Funding and PMI, PMI manages the marketplace on behalf of Prosper Funding. Accordingly, each month, Prosper Funding is required to pay PMI (a) an amount equal to one-twelfth (1/12) of the specified annual Corporate Administration Fees equal to 50% of finance and legal personnel costs, (b) a fee for each Borrower Loan originated through the marketplace, (c) 90% of all servicing fees collected by or on behalf of Prosper Funding, and (d) all nonsufficient funds fees collected by or on behalf of Prosper Funding. In addition, under a second Administration Agreement between PMI and PAH, a wholly owned subsidiary of Prosper Funding, PAH is required to pay PMI an annual fee of $0.2 million, payable on a monthly basis, for PMI being the administrator of PAH’s operations. The increase in the administration fee expense was primarily due to the growth of the marketplace, resulting in increased fees owed to PMI by Prosper Funding. Prosper Funding believes that the fees are at a rate that would be considered arm’s length.
Servicing
Servicing costs consists primarily of vendor costs and depreciation of internal use software costs associated with servicing Borrower Loans. The increase was primarily due to an increase in loan processing costs which was driven by higher loan volumes.
General and Administrative
General and administrative costs consist primarily of bank service charges and professional fees. The increase was primarily due to an increase in bank charges that were incurred with the increased transaction volume.
Liquidity and Capital Resources
The following table summarizes Prosper Funding’s cash flow activities for the nine months ended September 30, 2015 and 2014 (in thousands):
| | Nine Months Ended September 30, | |
| | 2015 | | | 2014 | |
Net cash provided by (used by) operating activities | | $ | 26,881 | | | $ | (8,012 | ) |
Net cash used in investing activities | | | (35,620 | ) | | | (36,762 | ) |
Net cash (used by) provided by financing activities | | | (4,970 | ) | | | 41,847 | |
Net decrease in cash and cash equivalents | | | (13,709 | ) | | | (2,927 | ) |
Cash and cash equivalents at the beginning of the period | | | 23,777 | | | | 5,789 | |
Cash and cash equivalents at the end of the period | | $ | 10,068 | | | $ | 2,862 | |
Net cash decreased for the nine months ended September 30, 2015, primarily due to cash distributions to PMI, Prosper Funding’s parent company that netted $35.5 million that were offset by cash provided by operations of $26.9 million. Operating cash flows were positive generally due to the positive net income for the period of $17.7 million and cash proceeds on the sale of Borrower Loans. Net cash used in investing primarily represents acquisitions of Borrower Loans (excluding acquisition of Borrower Loans sold to unrelated third parties which is included in cash flow from operations along with the corresponding proceeds from sale of Borrower Loans), offset by repayment of Borrower Loans. Net cash provided by financing activities primarily represents proceeds from the issuance of Notes, partially offset by payments on Notes.
Income Taxes
Prosper Funding incurred no income tax expense for the nine months ended September 30, 2015 and 2014. Prosper Funding is a US disregarded entity for income tax purposes and the income and loss is included in the return of its parent, PMI. Given PMI’s history of operating losses and inability to achieve profitable operations, it is difficult to accurately forecast how Prosper’s and Prosper Funding’s results will be affected by the realization and use of net operating loss carry forwards.
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Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements
As a result of retaining servicing rights on the sale of Borrower Loans, Prosper Funding is a variable interest holder in certain special purposes entities that purchase these Borrower Loans. None of these special interest entities are consolidated as Prosper Funding is not the primary beneficiary. Otherwise as of September 30, 2015, Prosper Funding has not engaged in any off-balance sheet financing activities.
Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk
Not applicable for smaller reporting companies.
Item 4. Controls and Procedures
Conclusion Regarding the Effectiveness of Disclosure Controls and Procedures
In connection with the preparation of this September 30, 2015 Form 10-Q, each Registrants’ management, under the supervision and with the participation of such registrant’s Principal Executive Officer (PEO) and Principal Financial Officer (PFO), evaluated the effectiveness of the design and operation of such Registrant’s disclosure controls and procedures as defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, as of September 30, 2015. As described below, each Registrant’s management has identified material weaknesses in our internal controls over financial reporting, which is an integral component of our disclosure controls and procedures. A material weakness is a deficiency, or a combination of deficiencies, in internal control, such that there is a reasonable possibility that a material misstatement of such Registrant’s annual or interim financial statements will not be prevented, or detected and corrected on a timely basis. As a result of the material weaknesses, each Registrant’s PEO and PFO have concluded that, as of September 30, 2015, such Registrant’s disclosure controls and procedures were not effective.
Material Weakness in Internal Control over Financial Reporting
Management of each Registrant concluded that such Registrant’s internal control over financial reporting was not effective as of September 30, 2015, because of material weaknesses in its internal controls identified as described below:
| · | Each Registrant has insufficient appropriate accounting department resources to develop and operate effective internal controls over financial reporting and an insufficient number of personnel appropriately qualified to perform control monitoring activities. The lack of appropriate resources led to control deficiencies in each Registrant’s financial reporting process and contributed significantly to the errors identified that led to the corrections of prior financial information referred to in note 15 and note 10 in the consolidated financial statements for the year ended and as of December 31, 2014 of Prosper Marketplace Inc. and Prosper Funding LLC, respectively. |
| · | Because of an inefficient data system with certain limitations, the reconciliation of data related to cash, Borrower Loans, and Notes to the general ledger required substantial effort from personnel in each Registrants’ financial reporting and business operations groups. As a result, these reconciliations were not completed in a timely manner. |
Notwithstanding the identified material weaknesses, management of each of the Registrants believes that the consolidated financial statements contained in this report present fairly in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the U.S. the Registrants’ financial condition, results of operations, and cash flows for the periods covered thereby in all material respects. To address the material weaknesses in the Registrants’ internal control over financial reporting, the Registrants also performed additional manual reconciliation procedures and analysis and other post-closing procedures in order to prepare the consolidated financial statements included in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q.
Plans for Remediation of Material Weakness
As a result of the material weakness described above, Prosper has hired additional IT and finance personnel with technical accounting expertise and plans to continue such hiring. The Registrants are formalizing their accounting policies and internal controls documentation and strengthening supervisory reviews by management. Management of each Registrant has taken steps to address the causes of identified errors and to improve its internal control over financial reporting, including the implementation of new accounting and reconciliation processes and control procedures and the identification of gaps in their skills base and expertise of the staff required to meet the financial reporting requirements. Management of each Registrant is committed to improving the each Registrant’s internal control over financial reporting processes and will meet frequently with Prosper’s Audit Committee to monitor and report on the ongoing effectiveness of such remediation activities and controls.
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Changes in Internal Control over Financial Reporting
With the oversight of the Registrants’ senior management and Prosper’s audit committee, the Registrants have begun taking the steps set forth above and plan to take additional measures to remediate the underlying causes of the material weaknesses.
Other than with respect to the ongoing remediation of the material weakness pursuant to the plan described above, there has been no change to the Registrants’ internal control over financial reporting during such Registrant’s most recent fiscal year that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the Registrants’ internal control over financial reporting.
The Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act exempts any company that is not a “large accelerated filer” or an “accelerated filer” (as defined by SEC rules) from the requirement that such company obtain an external audit of the effectiveness of its internal control over financial reporting pursuant to Section 404(b) of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act. As a result, each Registrant is exempt from the requirement that it include in its Annual Report on Form 10-K an attestation report on internal control over financial reporting by an independent registered public accounting firm; however, management’s annual report on internal control over financial reporting, pursuant to Section 404(a) of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act, is still required with respect to the Registrants.
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PART II. OTHER INFORMATION
Item 1. Legal Proceedings
PFL is not currently subject to any material legal proceedings. PFL is not aware of any litigation matters which have had, or are expected to have, a material adverse effect on it.
PMI is not currently subject to any material legal proceedings. Except for the matters referenced in Note 13 (“Commitments and Contingencies”) of PMI’s Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements contained in Part I, Item 1 of this Quarterly Report, which information is incorporated into this Item by reference, Prosper is not aware of any litigation matters that have had, or are expected to have, a material adverse effect on it.
This Item should be read in conjunction with the Legal Proceedings disclosures in the Registrants’ Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2014 (Part I, Item 3).
Item 1A. Risk Factors
You should carefully consider the risks and uncertainties described below, together with all of the other information in this Report, including the section titled "Part I - Financial Information - Item 2 - Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations" and the condensed consolidated financial statements and related notes, and "Part I - Item 1A - Risk Factors" in Prosper and Prosper Funding's Annual Report.
RISKS RELATING TO COMPLIANCE AND REGULATION
If our marketplace was found to violate a state’s usury laws, we may have to alter our business model and our business could be harmed.
The interest rates that are charged to borrowers and that form the basis of payments to investors through our marketplace are based upon the ability under federal law of the issuing bank that originates the loan to export the interest rates of the state where it is located, to provide uniform rates on a nationwide basis. WebBank, the primary issuing bank of loans through our platform, exports the interest rates of Utah, which allows parties to generally agree by contract to any interest rate. The annual percentage rates offered by WebBank through our marketplace for personal loans as of June 30, 2015 range from 3.00% to 36.00%, which equate to interest rates for investors that range from 4.00% to 35.00%. Some states where borrowers of loans are located, including Utah, have no statutory interest rate limitations on personal loans, while other jurisdictions have a maximum rate less than the current maximum rate offered by WebBank through our marketplace. If a borrower were to successfully bring claims against us for state usury law violations, and the rate on that borrower’s personal loan was greater than that allowed under applicable state law, we could be subject to fines and penalties. Further, if the current structure under which the originating bank makes loans through our platform were successfully challenged, we would have to substantially modify our business operations from the manner currently contemplated and would be required to maintain state-specific licenses and only provide a limited range of interest rates for personal loans, all of which would substantially reduce our operating efficiency and attractiveness to investors and possibly result in a decline in our operating results.
In addition, it is possible that state usury laws may impose liability that could affect an assignee’s (i.e., PFL’s and/or whole loan purchasers’) ability to continue to charge to borrowers the interest rates that they agreed to pay at origination of their loans. In particular, one recent judicial decision by the Court of Appeals for the Second Circuit, Madden v. Midland Funding, LLC (786 F.3d 246 (2d Cir. 2015)), concluded that the debt buyer of a charged off credit card account could not rely on the National Bank Act’s preemption of state interest rate limits for interest at rates imposed by the debt buyer after chargeoff. The decision has created some uncertainty as to whether non-bank entities purchasing loans originated by a bank may rely on federal preemption of state usury laws, and the decision may create an increased risk of litigation by plaintiffs challenging our ability to collect interest in accordance with the terms of Borrower Loans. Although the Madden decision specifically addressed preemption under the National Bank Act, such decision could support future challenges to federal preemption for other institutions, including an FDIC-insured, state chartered industrial bank like Webbank. Although there can be no assurances as to the outcome of any potential litigation, or the possible impact of the litigation on our marketplace, we believe the Madden case addressed facts that are not presented by our lending platform. Nevertheless, we and our counsel are monitoring the case closely and, as developments warrant, we, of course, will consider any necessary changes to our marketplace required to avoid the impact of this case on our business model.
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Item 2. Unregistered Sale of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds
On April 7, 2015, PMI entered into a Series D Preferred Stock Purchase Agreement with several new investors, pursuant to which PMI issued and sold to such purchasers 4,777,728 shares of PMI’s new Series D convertible preferred stock for an aggregate purchase price of $165 million.
INFORMATION FOR THIS ITEM IS NOT REQUIRED FOR PROSPER FUNDING BECAUSE IT MEETS THE CONDITIONS SET FORTH IN GENERAL INSTRUCTION H(1)(a) AND (b) OF FORM 10-Q AND THEREFORE IS FILING THIS FORM WITH A REDUCED FILING FORMAT.
Item 3. Defaults upon Senior Securities
Not applicable.
Item 4. Mine Safety Disclosures
Not applicable.
Item 5. Other Information
None.
Item 6. Exhibits
The exhibits listed on the accompanying Exhibit Index are filed or incorporated by reference as a part of this report and such Exhibit Index is incorporated herein by reference.
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SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.
| PROSPER MARKETPLACE, INC. |
| PROSPER FUNDING LLC |
| |
Date: November 6, 2015 | /s/ Aaron Vermut |
| Aaron Vermut |
| Chief Executive Officer of Prosper Marketplace, Inc. |
| Chief Executive Officer of Prosper Funding LLC |
| (Principal Executive Officer) |
| |
Date: November 6, 2015 | /s/ John Hiestand |
| John Hiestand |
| Vice President, Finance of Prosper Marketplace, Inc. |
| Treasurer of Prosper Funding LLC (Principal Financial Officer and Principal Accounting Officer) |
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EXHIBIT INDEX
Exhibit Number | | Exhibit Description |
| | |
3.1 | | Fifth Amended and Restated Limited Liability Company Agreement of PFL, dated October 21, 2013 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.1 of the Post-Effective Amendment No. 3 to the Registration Statement on Form S-1, filed October 23, 2013 by PFL and PMI) |
| | |
3.2 | | Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation of PMI (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.2 of Post-Effective Amendment No. 5 to the Registration Statement on Form S-1, filed April 20, 2015 by PFL and PMI) |
| | |
3.3 | | PFL Certificate of Formation (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.2 of the Registration Statement on Form S-1/A, filed April 23, 2012 by PFL and PMI) |
| | |
3.4 | | Bylaws of PMI, dated March 22, 2005 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.2 of the Registration Statement on Form S-1, filed October 30, 2007 by PMI) |
| | |
4.1 | | Form of PFL Borrower Payment Dependent Note (included as Exhibit A in Exhibit 4.5) |
| | |
4.2 | | Form of PMI Borrower Payment Dependent Note (included as Exhibit A in Exhibit 4.4) |
| | |
4.3 | | Supplemental Indenture, dated January 22, 2013, between PMI, PFL and Wells Fargo Bank, National Association (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.1 of PMI and PFL’s Current Report on Form 8-K, filed on January 28, 2013) |
| | |
4.4 | | Indenture, dated June 15, 2009, between PMI and Wells Fargo Bank, National Association (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.2 of Pre-Effective Amendment No. 5 to PMI’s Registration Statement on Form S-1 (File No. 333-147019), filed June 26, 2009) |
| | |
4.5 | | Amended and Restated Indenture, dated January 22, 2013, between PFL and Wells Fargo Bank, National Association (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.2 of PMI and PFL’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on January 28, 2013) |
| | |
10.1 | | Form of PFL Borrower Registration Agreement |
| | |
10.2 | | Second Amendment to Second Amended and Restated Loan Sale Agreement, dated October 27, 2015, between PMI, PFL and WebBank |
| | |
31.1 | | Certification of Principal Executive Officer pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, with respect to PMI’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended September 30, 2015. |
| | |
31.2 | | Certification of Principal Financial Officer pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, with respect to PMI’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended September 30, 2015. |
| | |
31.3 | | Certification of Principal Executive Officer pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, with respect to PFL’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended September 30, 2015. |
| | |
31.4 | | Certification of Principal Financial Officer pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, with respect to PFL’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended September 30, 2015. |
| | |
32.1 | | Certification of Principal Executive Officer and Principal Financial Officer pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, with respect to PMI’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended September 30, 2015. |
| | |
32.2 | | Certification of Principal Executive Officer and Principal Financial Officer pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, with respect to PFL’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended September 30, 2015. |
| | |
101.INS | | XBRL Instance Documents |
| | |
101.SCH | | XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document |
| | |
101.CAL | | Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase Document |
| | |
101.LAB | | Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase Document |
| | |
101.PRE | | Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase Document |
| | |
101.DEF | | Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase Document |
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