Brookfield Property Partners L.P.
Condensed consolidated financial statements (unaudited)
As at March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019 and
for the three months ended March 31, 2020 and 2019
Brookfield Property Partners L.P.
Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Unaudited | | | As at | |
(US$ Millions) | Note | | Mar. 31, 2020 | Dec. 31, 2019 |
Assets | | | | |
Non-current assets | | | | |
Investment properties | 3 | | $ | 74,286 | | $ | 75,511 | |
Equity accounted investments | 4 | | 20,082 | | 20,764 | |
Property, plant and equipment | 5 | | 6,973 | | 7,278 | |
Goodwill | 6 | | 978 | | 1,041 | |
Intangible assets | 7 | | 1,097 | | 1,162 | |
Other non-current assets | 8 | | 2,536 | | 2,326 | |
Loans and notes receivable | | | 211 | | 272 | |
Total non-current assets | | | 106,163 | | 108,354 | |
Current assets | | | | |
Loans and notes receivable | | | 89 | | 57 | |
Accounts receivable and other | 9 | | 1,481 | | 1,407 | |
Cash and cash equivalents | | | 1,776 | | 1,438 | |
Total current assets | | | 3,346 | | 2,902 | |
Assets held for sale | 10 | | 552 | | 387 | |
Total assets | | | $ | 110,061 | | $ | 111,643 | |
| | | | |
Liabilities and equity | | | | |
Non-current liabilities | | | | |
Debt obligations | 11 | | $ | 45,755 | | $ | 46,565 | |
Capital securities | 12 | | 3,040 | | 3,000 | |
Other non-current liabilities | 14 | | 2,358 | | 2,162 | |
Deferred tax liabilities | | | 2,527 | | 2,515 | |
Total non-current liabilities | | | 53,680 | | 54,242 | |
Current liabilities | | | | |
Debt obligations | 11 | | 9,185 | | 8,825 | |
Capital securities | 12 | | 72 | | 75 | |
Accounts payable and other liabilities | 15 | | 3,139 | | 3,426 | |
Total current liabilities | | | 12,396 | | 12,326 | |
Liabilities associated with assets held for sale | 10 | | 194 | | 140 | |
Total liabilities | | | 66,270 | | 66,708 | |
Equity | | | | |
Limited partners | 16 | | 12,701 | | 13,274 | |
General partner | 16 | | 4 | | 4 | |
Preferred equity | 16 | | 699 | | 420 | |
Non-controlling interests attributable to: | | | | |
Redeemable/exchangeable and special limited partnership units | 16, 17 | | 12,637 | | 13,200 | |
Limited partnership units of Brookfield Office Properties Exchange LP | 16, 17 | | 83 | | 87 | |
FV LTIP units of the Operating Partnership | 16, 17 | | 55 | | 35 | |
Class A shares of Brookfield Property REIT Inc. (“BPYU”) | 16, 17 | | 1,616 | | 1,930 | |
Interests of others in operating subsidiaries and properties | 17 | | 15,996 | | 15,985 | |
Total equity | | | 43,791 | | 44,935 | |
Total liabilities and equity | | | $ | 110,061 | | $ | 111,643 | |
See accompanying notes to the condensed consolidated financial statements.
Brookfield Property Partners L.P.
Condensed Consolidated Income Statements
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Unaudited | | | | Three months ended Mar. 31, | |
(US$ Millions, except per unit amounts) | Note | | | 2020 | 2019 |
Commercial property revenue | 18 | | | $ | 1,404 | | $ | 1,474 | |
Hospitality revenue | 19 | | | 366 | | 491 | |
Investment and other revenue | 20 | | | 130 | | 108 | |
Total revenue | | | | 1,900 | | 2,073 | |
Direct commercial property expense | 21 | | | 480 | | 522 | |
Direct hospitality expense | 22 | | | 290 | | 320 | |
Investment and other expense | | | | 4 | | 10 | |
Interest expense | | | | 709 | | 746 | |
Depreciation and amortization | 23 | | | 87 | | 85 | |
General and administrative expense | 24 | | | 196 | | 223 | |
Total expenses | | | | 1,766 | | 1,906 | |
Fair value (losses) gains, net | 25 | | | (310) | | 370 | |
Share of net (losses) earnings from equity accounted investments | 4 | | | (36) | | 264 | |
(Loss) income before income taxes | | | | (212) | | 801 | |
Income tax expense | 13 | | | 161 | | 88 | |
Net (loss) income | | | | $ | (373) | | $ | 713 | |
| | | | | |
Net (less) income attributable to: | | | | | |
Limited partners | | | | $ | (228) | | $ | 146 | |
General partner | | | | — | | — | |
Non-controlling interests attributable to: | | | | | |
Redeemable/exchangeable and special limited partnership units | | | | (226) | | 150 | |
Limited partnership units of Brookfield Office Properties Exchange LP | | | | (1) | | 1 | |
FV LTIP units of the Operating Partnership | | | | — | | — | |
Class A shares of Brookfield Property REIT Inc. | | | | (31) | | 36 | |
Interests of others in operating subsidiaries and properties | | | | 113 | | 380 | |
Total | | | | $ | (373) | | $ | 713 | |
| | | | | |
Net (loss) income per LP Unit: | | | | | |
Basic | 16 | | | $ | (0.49) | | $ | 0.32 | |
Diluted | 16 | | | $ | (0.49) | | $ | 0.32 | |
See accompanying notes to the condensed consolidated financial statements.
Brookfield Property Partners L.P.
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive (Loss) Income
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Unaudited | | | | | Three months ended Mar. 31, | |
(US$ Millions) | Note | | | | 2020 | 2019 |
Net (loss) income | | | | | $ | (373) | | $ | 713 | |
Other comprehensive (loss) income | 27 | | | | | |
Items that may be reclassified to net income: | | | | | | |
Foreign currency translation | | | | | (354) | | 152 | |
Cash flow hedges | | | | | (154) | | (32) | |
Equity accounted investments | | | | | (69) | | (2) | |
Items that will not be reclassified to net income: | | | | | | |
Securities - fair value through other comprehensive income ("FVTOCI") | | | | | 22 | | 1 | |
Share of revaluation surplus on equity accounted investments | | | | | (21) | | — | |
| | | | | | |
Revaluation surplus | | | | | (96) | | — | |
Total other comprehensive (loss) income | | | | | (672) | | 119 | |
Total comprehensive (loss) income | | | | | $ | (1,045) | | $ | 832 | |
| | | | | | |
Comprehensive (loss) income attributable to: | | | | | | |
Limited partners | | | | | | |
Net (loss) income | | | | | $ | (228) | | $ | 146 | |
Other comprehensive (loss) income | | | | | (249) | | 40 | |
| | | | | (477) | | 186 | |
Non-controlling interests | | | | | | |
Redeemable/exchangeable and special limited partnership units | | | | | | |
Net (loss) income | | | | | (226) | | 150 | |
Other comprehensive (loss) income | | | | | (247) | | 41 | |
| | | | | (473) | | 191 | |
Limited partnership units of Brookfield Office Properties Exchange LP | | | | | | |
Net (loss) income | | | | | (1) | | 1 | |
Other comprehensive (loss) income | | | | | (2) | | — | |
| | | | | (3) | | 1 | |
FV LTIP units of the Operating Partnership | | | | | | |
Net (loss) income | | | | | — | | — | |
Other comprehensive (loss) income | | | | | (1) | | — | |
| | | | | (1) | | — | |
Class A shares of Brookfield Property REIT Inc. | | | | | | |
Net (loss) income | | | | | (31) | | 36 | |
Other comprehensive (loss) income | | | | | (34) | | 10 | |
| | | | | (65) | | 46 | |
Interests of others in operating subsidiaries and properties | | | | | | |
Net income | | | | | 113 | | 380 | |
Other comprehensive (loss) income | | | | | (139) | | 28 | |
| | | | | (26) | | 408 | |
Total comprehensive (loss) income | | | | | $ | (1,045) | | $ | 832 | |
See accompanying notes to the condensed consolidated financial statements.
Brookfield Property Partners L.P.
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Changes in Equity
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Limited partners | | | | | | General partner | | | | | | Preferred Equity | | | | | | Non-controlling interests | | | | | | | | | |
Unaudited (US$ Millions) | Capital | Retained earnings | Ownership Changes | Accumulated other comprehensive (loss) income | Total limited partners equity | | Capital | Retained earnings | Ownership Changes | Accumulated other comprehensive (loss) income | Total general partner equity | | Total preferred equity | | | | | | Redeemable / exchangeable and special limited partnership units | | | | | Limited partnership units of Brookfield Office Properties Exchange LP | FV LTIP units of the Operating Partnership | Class A shares of Brookfield Property REIT Inc. | Interests of others in operating subsidiaries and properties | Total equity |
Balance as at Dec. 31, 2019 | $ | 9,257 | | $ | 2,539 | | $ | 1,960 | | $ | (482) | | $ | 13,274 | | | $ | 4 | | $ | 2 | | $ | (1) | | $ | (1) | | $ | 4 | | | $ | 420 | | | | | | | $ | 13,200 | | | | | | $ | 87 | | $ | 35 | | $ | 1,930 | | $ | 15,985 | | $ | 44,935 | |
Net (loss) income | — | | (228) | | — | | | (228) | | | — | | — | | — | | — | | — | | | — | | | | | | | (226) | | | | | | (1) | | — | | (31) | | 113 | | (373) | |
Other comprehensive (loss) | — | | — | | — | | (249) | | (249) | | | — | | — | | — | | — | | — | | | — | | | | | | | (247) | | | | | | (2) | | (1) | | (34) | | (139) | | (672) | |
Total comprehensive (loss) | — | | (228) | | — | | (249) | | (477) | | | — | | — | | — | | — | | — | | | — | | | | | | | (473) | | | | | | (3) | | (1) | | (65) | | (26) | | (1,045) | |
Distributions | — | | (146) | | — | | — | | (146) | | | — | | — | | — | | — | | — | | | — | | | | | | | (144) | | | | | | (1) | | — | | (20) | | (118) | | (429) | |
Preferred distributions | — | | (4) | | — | | — | | (4) | | | — | | — | | — | | — | | — | | | — | | | | | | | (3) | | | | | | — | | — | | — | | — | | (7) | |
Issuance / repurchase of interests in operating subsidiaries | (158) | | 1 | | 57 | | — | | (100) | | | — | | — | | — | | — | | — | | | 279 | | | | | | | 3 | | | | | | — | | 1 | | (1) | | 155 | | 337 | |
Exchange of exchangeable units | — | | — | | — | | — | | — | | | — | | — | | — | | — | | — | | | — | | | | | | | — | | | | | | — | | — | | — | | — | | — | |
Conversion of Class A shares of Brookfield Property REIT Inc. | 110 | | — | | 111 | | — | | 221 | | | — | | — | | | — | | — | | | — | | | | | | | — | | | | | | — | | — | | (221) | | — | | — | |
Change in relative interests of non-controlling interests | — | | — | | (62) | | (5) | | (67) | | | — | | — | | — | | — | | — | | | — | | | | | | | 54 | | | | | | — | | 20 | | (7) | | — | | — | |
Balance as at Mar. 31, 2020 | $ | 9,209 | | $ | 2,162 | | $ | 2,066 | | $ | (736) | | $ | 12,701 | | | $ | 4 | | $ | 2 | | $ | (1) | �� | $ | (1) | | $ | 4 | | | $ | 699 | | | | | | | $ | 12,637 | | | | | | $ | 83 | | $ | 55 | | $ | 1,616 | | $ | 15,996 | | $ | 43,791 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Balance as at Dec. 31, 2018 | $ | 8,987 | | $ | 2,234 | | $ | 1,657 | | $ | (525) | | $ | 12,353 | | | $ | 4 | | $ | 2 | | $ | (2) | | $ | — | | $ | 4 | | | $ | — | | | | | | | $ | 12,740 | | | | | | $ | 96 | | $ | — | | $ | 3,091 | | $ | 18,456 | | $ | 46,740 | |
Net income | — | | 146 | | — | | — | | 146 | | | — | | — | | — | | — | | — | | | — | | | | | | | 150 | | | | | | 1 | | — | | 36 | | 380 | | 713 | |
Other comprehensive income | — | | — | | — | | 40 | | 40 | | | — | | — | | — | | — | | — | | | — | | | | | | | 41 | | | | | | — | | — | | 10 | | 28 | | 119 | |
Total comprehensive income | — | | 146 | | — | | 40 | | 186 | | | — | | — | | — | | — | | — | | | — | | | | | | | 191 | | | | | | 1 | | — | | 46 | | 408 | | 832 | |
Distributions | — | | (141) | | — | | — | | (141) | | | — | | — | | — | | — | | — | | | — | | | | | | | (144) | | | | | | (1) | | — | | (34) | | (728) | | (1,048) | |
Issuance / repurchase of interest in operating subsidiaries | (280) | | 56 | | (99) | | — | | (323) | | | — | | — | | — | | — | | — | | | 156 | | | | | | | 25 | | | | | | — | | — | | (90) | | (1,540) | | (1,772) | |
Exchange of exchangeable units | 1 | | — | | — | | — | | 1 | | | — | | — | | — | | — | | — | | | — | | | | | | | — | | | | | | (1) | | — | | — | | — | | — | |
Conversion of Class A shares of Brookfield Property REIT Inc. | 53 | | — | | 34 | | — | | 87 | | | — | | — | | — | | — | | — | | | — | | | | | | | — | | | | | | — | | — | | (87) | | — | | — | |
Change in relative interest of non-controlling interests | — | | — | | (4) | | 3 | | (1) | | | — | | — | | — | | — | | — | | | — | | | | | | | 35 | | | | | | 1 | | — | | (35) | | — | | — | |
Balance as at Mar. 31, 2019 | $ | 8,761 | | $ | 2,295 | | $ | 1,588 | | $ | (482) | | $ | 12,162 | | | $ | 4 | | $ | 2 | | $ | (2) | | $ | — | | $ | 4 | | | $ | 156 | | | | | | | $ | 12,847 | | | | | | $ | 96 | | $ | — | | $ | 2,891 | | $ | 16,596 | | $ | 44,752 | |
See accompanying notes to the condensed consolidated financial statements.
Brookfield Property Partners L.P.
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Unaudited | | | Three Months Ended Mar. 31, | |
(US$ Millions) | Note | | 2020 | 2019 |
Operating activities | | | | |
Net (loss) income | | | $ | (373) | | $ | 713 | |
Share of equity accounted losses (earnings), net of distributions | | | 141 | | (140) | |
Fair value losses (gains), net | 25 | | 310 | | (370) | |
Deferred income tax expense | 13 | | 136 | | 50 | |
Depreciation and amortization | 23 | | 87 | | 85 | |
Working capital and other | | | 72 | | 1,140 | |
| | | 373 | | 1,478 | |
Financing activities | | | | |
Debt obligations, issuance | | | 3,952 | | 3,454 | |
Debt obligations, repayments | | | (3,362) | | (2,806) | |
| | | | |
Capital securities redeemed | | | — | | (269) | |
Preferred equity issued | | | 279 | | 156 | |
Non-controlling interests, issued | | | 89 | | 88 | |
Non-controlling interests, purchased | | | (29) | | (15) | |
Repayment of lease liabilities | | | (4) | | (5) | |
Limited partnership units, issued | | | — | | 14 | |
Limited partnership units, repurchased | | | (101) | | (294) | |
Class A shares of Brookfield Property REIT Inc., repurchased | | | (18) | | (95) | |
Distributions to non-controlling interests in operating subsidiaries | | | (122) | | (712) | |
Preferred distributions | | | (7) | | — | |
Distributions to limited partnership unitholders | | | (146) | | (141) | |
Distributions to redeemable/exchangeable and special limited partnership unitholders | | | (144) | | (144) | |
Distributions to holders of Brookfield Office Properties Exchange LP units | | | (1) | | (1) | |
Distributions to holders of FV LTIP units of the Operating Partnership | | | — | | — | |
Distributions to holders of Class A shares of Brookfield Property REIT Inc. | | | (20) | | (34) | |
| | | 366 | | (804) | |
Investing activities | | | | |
Acquisitions | | | | |
Investment properties | | | (583) | | (816) | |
Property, plant and equipment | | | (63) | | (102) | |
Equity accounted investments | | | (89) | | (104) | |
Financial assets and other | | | (390) | | (503) | |
Acquisition of subsidiaries | | | — | | (21) | |
Dispositions | | | | |
Investment properties | | | 201 | | 460 | |
Property, plant and equipment | | | 2 | | — | |
Equity accounted investments | | | 51 | | 552 | |
Financial assets and other | | | 499 | | 269 | |
Disposition of subsidiaries | | | — | | 43 | |
Cash impact of deconsolidation | | | — | | (1,141) | |
Restricted cash and deposits | | | 13 | | (49) | |
| | | (359) | | (1,412) | |
Cash and cash equivalents | | | | |
Net change in cash and cash equivalents during the period | | | 380 | | (738) | |
Effect of exchange rate fluctuations on cash and cash equivalents held in foreign currencies | | | (42) | | (8) | |
Balance, beginning of period | | | 1,438 | | 3,288 | |
Balance, end of period | | | $ | 1,776 | | $ | 2,542 | |
| | | | |
Supplemental cash flow information | | | | |
Cash paid for: | | | | |
Income taxes | | | $ | 21 | | $ | 53 | |
Interest (excluding dividends on capital securities) | | | $ | 827 | | $ | 660 | |
See accompanying notes to the condensed consolidated financial statements.
Brookfield Property Partners L.P.
Notes to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements
NOTE 1. ORGANIZATION AND NATURE OF THE BUSINESS
Brookfield Property Partners L.P. (“BPY” or the “partnership”) was formed as a limited partnership under the laws of Bermuda, pursuant to a limited partnership agreement dated January 3, 2013, as amended and restated on August 8, 2013. BPY is a subsidiary of Brookfield Asset Management Inc. (“Brookfield Asset Management” or the “parent company”) and is the primary entity through which the parent company and its affiliates own, operate, and invest in commercial and other income producing property on a global basis.
The partnership’s sole direct investments are a 50% managing general partnership units (“GP Units” or “GP”) interest in Brookfield Property L.P. (the “operating partnership”) and an interest in BP US REIT LLC, which hold the partnership’s interest in commercial and other income producing property operations. The GP Units provide the partnership with the power to direct the relevant activities of the operating partnership.
The partnership’s limited partnership units (“BPY Units” or “LP Units”) are listed and publicly traded on the Nasdaq Stock Market (“Nasdaq”) and the Toronto Stock Exchange (“TSX”) under the symbols “BPY” and “BPY.UN”, respectively.
The registered head office and principal place of business of the partnership is 73 Front Street, 5th Floor, Hamilton HM 12, Bermuda.
NOTE 2. SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES
a)Statement of compliance
The interim condensed consolidated financial statements of the partnership and its subsidiaries have been prepared in accordance with International Accounting Standard (“IAS”) 34, Interim Financial Reporting, as issued by the International Accounting Standards Board (“IASB”). Accordingly, certain information and footnote disclosures normally included in the consolidated financial statements prepared in accordance with International Financial Reporting Standards (“IFRS”) as issued by the IASB, have been omitted or condensed.
These condensed consolidated financial statements as of and for the three months ended March 31, 2020 were approved and authorized for issue by the Board of Directors of the partnership on May 7, 2020.
b)Basis of presentation
The interim condensed consolidated financial statements are prepared using the same accounting policies and methods as those used in the consolidated financial statements for the year ended December 31, 2019. Consequently, the information included in these interim condensed consolidated financial statements should be read in conjunction with the consolidated financial statements and accompanying notes included in the partnership’s annual report on Form 20-F for the year ended December 31, 2019.
The interim condensed consolidated financial statements are unaudited and reflect all adjustments (consisting of normal recurring adjustments) which are, in the opinion of management, necessary for a fair statement of results for the interim periods presented in accordance with IFRS. The results reported in these interim condensed consolidated financial statements should not necessarily be regarded as indicative of results that may be expected for the entire year.
The interim condensed consolidated financial statements are prepared on a going concern basis and have been presented in U.S. Dollars rounded to the nearest million unless otherwise indicated.
c)Estimates
The preparation of the partnership’s interim condensed consolidated financial statements in accordance with IAS 34 requires the use of certain critical accounting estimates and assumptions. It also requires management to exercise judgment in applying the partnership’s accounting policies. The accounting policies and critical estimates and assumptions have been set out in Note 2, Summary of Significant Accounting Policies, to the partnership’s consolidated financial statements for the year ended December 31, 2019 and have been consistently applied in the preparation of the interim condensed consolidated financial statements as of and for the three months ended March 31, 2020.
Prior to the end of the first quarter, there was a global outbreak of a new strain of Coronavirus (“COVID-19”) which prompted certain responses from global government authorities across the various geographies in which the partnership owns and operates investment properties. Such responses, have included mandatory temporary closure of, or imposed limitations on, the operations of certain non-essential properties and businesses including office properties and retail malls and associated businesses which operate within these properties such as retailers and restaurants. In addition, shelter-in-place mandates and severe travel restrictions have had a significant adverse impact on consumer spending and demand in the near term. These negative economic indicators, restrictions and closure have created significant estimation uncertainty in the determination of the fair value of investment properties as of March 31, 2020. Specifically, while discount and capitalization rates are inherently uncertain, there has been an absence of recently observed market transactions across the partnership’s geographies to support changes in such rates which is a key input into the determination of fair value. In addition, the partnership has had to make assumptions with respect to the length and severity of these restrictions and closures as well as the recovery period in estimating the impact and timing of future cash flows generated from investment properties and used in the discounted cash flow model used to determine fair value. As a result of this material estimation uncertainty there is a risk that the assumptions used to determine fair value as of March 31, 2020 may result in a material adjustment to the fair value of investment properties in future reporting periods as more information becomes available.
NOTE 3. INVESTMENT PROPERTIES
The following table presents a roll forward of the partnership’s investment property balances, all of which are considered Level 3 within the fair value hierarchy, for the three months ended March 31, 2020 and the year ended December 31, 2019:
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Three months ended Mar. 31, 2020 | | | Year ended Dec. 31, 2019 | | |
(US$ Millions) | Commercial properties | Commercial developments | Total | Commercial properties | Commercial developments | Total |
Balance, beginning of period | $ | 71,565 | | $ | 3,946 | | $ | 75,511 | | $ | 76,014 | | $ | 4,182 | | $ | 80,196 | |
Changes resulting from: | | | | | | |
Property acquisitions | 38 | | 92 | | 130 | | 6,797 | | 246 | | 7,043 | |
Capital expenditures | 283 | | 278 | | 561 | | 1,540 | | 1,229 | | 2,769 | |
Accounting policy change(1) | — | | — | | — | | 704 | | 22 | | 726 | |
Property dispositions(2) | (25) | | (21) | | (46) | | (742) | | (37) | | (779) | |
Fair value gains (losses), net | (89) | | 88 | | (1) | | 301 | | 557 | | 858 | |
Foreign currency translation | (1,560) | | (235) | | (1,795) | | 69 | | 72 | | 141 | |
Transfer between commercial properties and commercial developments | 91 | | (91) | | — | | 354 | | (354) | | — | |
Impact of deconsolidation due to loss of control(3) | — | | — | | — | | (10,701) | | (798) | | (11,499) | |
Reclassifications to assets held for sale and other changes | (74) | | — | | (74) | | (2,771) | | (1,173) | | (3,944) | |
Balance, end of period(4) | $ | 70,229 | | $ | 4,057 | | $ | 74,286 | | $ | 71,565 | | $ | 3,946 | | $ | 75,511 | |
(1)The prior year primarily includes the impact of the adoption of IFRS 16, Leases (“IFRS 16”) through the recognition of right-of-use (“ROU”) assets.
(2)Property dispositions represent the fair value on date of sale.
(3)The prior year primarily includes the impact of the deconsolidation of Brookfield Strategic Real Estate Partners III (“BSREP III”) investments. See below for further information.
(4)Includes right-of-use commercial properties and commercial developments of $707 million and $30 million, respectively, as of March 31, 2020. Current lease liabilities of $37 million have been included in accounts payable and other liabilities and non-current lease liabilities of $700 million have been included in other non-current liabilities.
The partnership determines the fair value of each commercial property based upon, among other things, rental income from current leases and assumptions about rental income from future leases reflecting market conditions at the applicable balance sheet dates, less future cash outflows in respect of such leases. Investment property valuations are generally completed by undertaking one of two accepted income approach methods, which include either: i) discounting the expected future cash flows, generally over a term of 10 years including a terminal value based on the application of a capitalization rate to estimated year 11 cash flows; or ii) undertaking a direct capitalization approach whereby a capitalization rate is applied to estimated current year cash flows. Where there has been a recent market transaction for a specific property, such as an acquisition or sale of a partial interest, the partnership values the property on that basis. In determining the appropriateness of the methodology applied, the partnership considers the relative uncertainty of the timing and amount of expected cash flows and the impact such uncertainty would have in arriving at a reliable estimate of fair value. The partnership prepares these valuations considering asset and market specific factors, as well as observable transactions for similar assets. The determination of fair value requires the use of estimates, which are internally determined and compared with market data, third-party reports and research as well as observable conditions. Except for the impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic which are discussed below, there are currently no other known trends, events or uncertainties that the partnership reasonably believes could have a sufficiently pervasive impact across the partnership’s businesses to materially affect the methodologies or assumptions utilized to determine the estimated fair values reflected in this report. Discount rates and capitalization rates are inherently uncertain and may be impacted by, among other things, movements in interest rates in the geographies and markets in which the assets are located. Changes in estimates of discount and capitalization rates across different geographies and markets are often independent of each other and not necessarily in the same direction or of the same magnitude. Further, impacts to the partnership’s fair values of commercial properties from changes in discount or capitalization rates and cash flows are usually inversely correlated. Decreases (increases) in the discount rate or capitalization rate result in increases (decreases) of fair value. Such decreases (increases) may be mitigated by decreases (increases) in cash flows included in the valuation analysis, as circumstances that typically give rise to increased interest rates (e.g., strong economic growth, inflation) usually give rise to increased cash flows at the asset level. Refer to the table below for further information on valuation methods used by the partnership for its asset classes.
Commercial developments are also measured using a discounted cash flow model, net of costs to complete, as of the balance sheet date. Development sites in the planning phases are measured using comparable market values for similar assets.
In accordance with its policy, the partnership generally measures and records its commercial properties and developments using valuations prepared by management. However, for certain subsidiaries, the partnership relies on quarterly valuations prepared by external valuation professionals. Management compares the external valuations to the partnership’s internal valuations to review the work performed by the external valuation professionals. Additionally, a number of properties are externally appraised each year and the results of those appraisals are compared to the partnership’s internally prepared values.
2020 Conditions
COVID-19
The COVID-19 pandemic has spread globally, and actions taken in response to COVID-19 have interrupted business activities and supply chains; disrupted travel; contributed to significant volatility in the financial markets, resulting in a general decline in equity prices and lower interest rates; impacted social conditions; and adversely impacted local, regional, national and international economic conditions, as well as the labor markets. The economic impact of COVID-19 did not materially impact the partnership’s commercial property revenue earned in the quarter. While its commercial property revenues were not immediately impacted by the pandemic, near term cash flows have been impacted and future revenues and cash flows produced by these operating properties are more uncertain than normal as a result of the rapid impact to the global economy in response to measures put in place to control the pandemic. The partnership has adjusted cash flow assumptions for its estimate of near term disruptions to cash flows to reflect collections, vacancy and assumptions on new leasing.
The partnership undertook a process to assess the appropriateness of the discount and terminal capitalization rates considering changes to risk-free rates, changes to credit spreads as well as changes to property-level cash flows and any risk premium inherent in such cash flow changes. All of these considerations led the partnership to conclude that the vast majority of discount rates and terminal cap rates for the current period should remain consistent with year-end rates. As the partnership learns more about the mid- and longer-term impacts of the pandemic on its business the partnership will update its valuation models accordingly.
2019 Transactions
BSREP III deconsolidation
In the first quarter of 2019, BSREP III held its final close with total equity commitments of $15 billion. Prior to final close, the partnership had committed to 25%, or a controlling interest in the fund and as a result, had previously consolidated the investments made to date. Upon final close, on January 31, 2019, the partnership reduced its commitment to $1.0 billion, representing a 7% non-voting position. As a result, the partnership lost control and deconsolidated its investment in the fund, which primarily consists of Forest City and 660 Fifth Avenue. The partnership recognizes its investment in BSREP III as a financial asset, initially recognized at fair value and remeasured on each reporting date through fair value gain or loss. As a result of the deconsolidation, investment properties decreased by $11,499 million, equity accounted investments decreased by $1,434 million, property, plant and equipment decreased by $789 million and debt obligations decreased by $13,601 million.
Adoption of IFRS 16
The impact of the January 1, 2019 adoption of IFRS 16 resulted in the recognition of ROU investment properties of $726 million. Fair value gains (loss) related to IFRS 16 ROU assets for the three months ended March 31, 2020 was $(1) million (2019 - $(1) million). As of March 31, 2020, ROU investment properties was $737 million (December 31, 2019 - $752 million).
Valuation Metrics
The key valuation metrics for the partnership’s consolidated commercial properties are set forth in the following tables below on a weighted-average basis:
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Mar. 31, 2020 | | | Dec. 31, 2019 | | |
Consolidated properties | Primary valuation method | Discount rate | Terminal capitalization rate | Investment horizon (years) | Discount rate | Terminal capitalization rate | Investment horizon (years) |
Core Office | | | | | | | |
United States | Discounted cash flow | | 7.0 | % | 5.6 | % | 12 | 7.0 | % | 5.6 | % | 12 |
Canada | Discounted cash flow | | 5.9 | % | 5.2 | % | 10 | 5.9 | % | 5.2 | % | 10 |
Australia | Discounted cash flow | | 6.7 | % | 5.9 | % | 10 | 6.8 | % | 5.9 | % | 10 |
Europe | Discounted cash flow | | 4.6 | % | 4.1 | % | 11 | 4.6 | % | 4.1 | % | 11 |
Brazil | Discounted cash flow | | 7.9 | % | 7.4 | % | 10 | 7.9 | % | 7.4 | % | 10 |
Core Retail | Discounted cash flow | | 6.8 | % | 5.4 | % | 10 | 6.7 | % | 5.4 | % | 10 |
LP Investments- Office | Discounted cash flow | | 9.9 | % | 7.3 | % | 7 | 10.0 | % | 7.3 | % | 7 |
LP Investments- Retail | Discounted cash flow | | 8.7 | % | 7.0 | % | 10 | 8.8 | % | 7.3 | % | 10 |
Mixed-use | Discounted cash flow | | 7.4 | % | 5.3 | % | 10 | 7.6 | % | 5.4 | % | 10 |
Logistics(1) | Direct capitalization | | 5.8 | % | n/a | n/a | | 5.8 | % | n/a | n/a |
Multifamily(1) | Direct capitalization | | 5.0 | % | n/a | n/a | | 5.1 | % | n/a | n/a |
Triple Net Lease(1) | Direct capitalization | | 6.3 | % | n/a | n/a | | 6.3 | % | n/a | n/a |
Self-storage(1) | Direct capitalization | | 5.6 | % | n/a | n/a | | 5.6 | % | n/a | n/a |
Student Housing(1) | Direct capitalization | | 4.9 | % | n/a | n/a | | 5.1 | % | n/a | n/a |
Manufactured Housing(1) | Direct capitalization | | 5.5 | % | n/a | n/a | | 5.5 | % | n/a | n/a |
(1) The valuation method used to value multifamily, triple net lease, self-storage, student housing, logistics and manufactured housing properties is the direct capitalization method. The rates presented as the discount rate relate to the overall implied capitalization rate. The terminal capitalization rate and investment horizon are not applicable.
Fair Value Measurement
The following table presents the partnership’s investment properties measured at fair value in the condensed consolidated financial statements and the level of the inputs used to determine those fair values in the context of the hierarchy as defined in Note 2(i), Summary of Significant Accounting Policies: Fair value measurement, in the consolidated financial statements as of December 31, 2019:
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Mar. 31, 2020 | | | | Dec. 31, 2019 | | | |
| | | Level 3 | | | | Level 3 | |
(US$ Millions) | Level 1 | Level 2 | Commercial properties | Commercial developments | Level 1 | Level 2 | Commercial properties | Commercial developments |
Core Office | | | | | | | | |
United States | $ | — | | $ | — | | $ | 15,278 | | $ | 601 | | $ | — | | $ | — | | $ | 15,213 | | $ | 535 | |
Canada | — | | — | | 4,303 | | 252 | | — | | — | | 4,633 | | 173 | |
Australia | — | | — | | 1,650 | | 436 | | — | | — | | 1,881 | | 419 | |
Europe | — | | — | | 886 | | 1,860 | | — | | — | | 936 | | 1,931 | |
Brazil | — | | — | | 278 | | — | | — | | — | | 361 | | — | |
Core Retail | — | | — | | 21,352 | | — | | — | | — | | 21,561 | | — | |
LP Investments | | | | | | | | |
LP Investments- Office | — | | — | | 7,757 | | 660 | | — | | — | | 8,054 | | 702 | |
LP Investments- Retail | — | | — | | 2,944 | | — | | — | | — | | 2,812 | | — | |
Logistics | — | | — | | 82 | | 42 | | — | | — | | 84 | | 10 | |
Multifamily | — | | — | | 2,771 | | — | | — | | — | | 2,937 | | — | |
Triple Net Lease | — | | — | | 4,432 | | — | | — | | — | | 4,508 | | — | |
Self-storage | — | | — | | 995 | | 18 | | — | | — | | 991 | | 16 | |
Student Housing | — | | — | | 2,333 | | 188 | | — | | — | | 2,445 | | 160 | |
Manufactured Housing | — | | — | | 2,499 | | — | | — | | — | | 2,446 | | — | |
Mixed-Use | — | | — | | 2,669 | | — | | — | | — | | 2,703 | | — | |
Total | $ | — | | $ | — | | $ | 70,229 | | $ | 4,057 | | $ | — | | $ | — | | $ | 71,565 | | $ | 3,946 | |
Fair Value Sensitivity
The following table presents a sensitivity analysis to the impact of a 25 basis point movement of the discount rate and terminal capitalization or overall implied capitalization rate on fair values of the partnership’s commercial properties for the three months ended March 31, 2020, for properties valued using the discounted cash flow or direct capitalization method, respectively:
| | | | | |
| Mar. 31, 2020 |
(US$ Millions) | Impact on fair value of commercial properties |
Core Office | |
United States | 764 | |
Canada | 208 | |
Australia | 94 | |
Europe | 157 | |
Brazil | 10 | |
Core Retail | 1,110 | |
LP Investments | | |
LP Investments- Office | 354 | |
LP Investments- Retail | 171 | |
Mixed-use | 125 | |
Logistics | 3 | |
Multifamily | 125 | |
Triple Net Lease | 160 | |
Self-storage | 40 | |
Student Housing | 113 | |
Manufactured Housing | 109 | |
Total | $ | 3,543 | |
NOTE 4. EQUITY ACCOUNTED INVESTMENTS
The partnership has investments in joint arrangements that are joint ventures, and also has investments in associates. Joint ventures hold individual commercial properties and portfolios of commercial properties and developments that the partnership owns together with co-owners where decisions relating to the relevant activities of the joint venture require the unanimous consent of the co-owners. Details of the partnership’s investments in joint ventures and associates, which have been accounted for in accordance with the equity method of accounting, are as follows:
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | Proportion of ownership interests | | Carrying value | |
(US$ Millions) | Principal activity | Principal place of business | Mar. 31, 2020 | Dec. 31, 2019 | Mar. 31, 2020 | Dec. 31, 2019 |
Joint Ventures | | | | | | |
Canary Wharf Joint Venture(1) | Property holding company | United Kingdom | | 50 | % | 50 | % | $ | 3,294 | | $ | 3,578 | |
Ala Moana Center, Hawaii | Property holding company | United States | | 50 | % | 50 | % | 1,929 | | 1,946 | |
Manhattan West, New York | Property holding company | United States | | 56 | % | 56 | % | 1,973 | | 1,918 | |
BPYU JV Pool A | Property holding company | United States | | 50 | % | 50 | % | 1,925 | | 1,882 | |
BPYU JV Pool B | Property holding company | United States | | 51 | % | 51 | % | 1,337 | | 1,366 | |
Fashion Show, Las Vegas | Property holding company | United States | | 50 | % | 50 | % | 822 | | 832 | |
BPYU JV Pool C | Property holding company | United States | | 50 | % | 50 | % | 770 | | 777 | |
Grace Building, New York | Property holding company | United States | | 50 | % | 50 | % | 737 | | 716 | |
BPYU JV Pool D | Property holding company | United States | | 48 | % | 48 | % | 622 | | 649 | |
Southern Cross East, Melbourne | Property holding company | Australia | | 50 | % | 50 | % | 411 | | 466 | |
The Grand Canal Shoppes, Las Vegas | Property holding company | United States | | 50 | % | 50 | % | 398 | | 414 | |
One Liberty Plaza, New York | Property holding company | United States | | 51 | % | 51 | % | 389 | | 409 | |
680 George Street, Sydney | Property holding company | Australia | | 50 | % | 50 | % | 298 | | 340 | |
Brookfield Brazil Retail Fundo de Investimento em Participaçõe | Holding company | Brazil | | 46 | % | 46 | % | 261 | | 335 | |
Baybrook Mall, Texas | Property holding company | United States | | 51 | % | 51 | % | 316 | | 332 | |
Brookfield D.C. Office Partners LLC ("D.C. Fund"), Washington, D.C. | Property holding company | United States | | 51 | % | 51 | % | 285 | | 283 | |
The Mall in Columbia, Maryland | Property holding company | United States | | 50 | % | 50 | % | 280 | | 282 | |
BPYU JV Pool F | Property holding company | United States | | 51 | % | 51 | % | 277 | | 278 | |
BPYU JV Pool G | Property holding company | United States | | 68 | % | 68 | % | 251 | | 254 | |
Miami Design District, Florida | Property holding company | United States | 22 | % | 22 | % | 249 | | 252 | |
Other(2) | Various | Various | 14% - 55% | | 14% - 55% | | 2,972 | | 3,119 | |
| | | | | 19,796 | | 20,428 | |
Associates | | | | | | |
Other | Various | Various | | 16% - 31% | | 23% - 31% | 286 | | 336 | |
| | | | | 286 | | 336 | |
Total | | | | | $ | 20,082 | | $ | 20,764 | |
(1) Stork Holdco LP is the joint venture through which the partnership acquired Canary Wharf Group plc in London.
(2)Other joint ventures consists of approximately 37 joint ventures.
2020 Conditions
In the first quarter of 2020, due to the market uncertainty from COVID-19, the partnership has made adjustments to its cash flow models for all properties within the partnership’s equity accounted investments to reflect its assumptions with respect to rent collections, potential tenant bankruptcies, anticipated length of closures and travel restrictions. These assumptions considered all information available to the partnership at the time of the valuation. The partnership’s share of fair value losses primarily from the partnership’s Core Retail joint ventures reflects updated cashflow assumptions on a sensitized basis which assumes there is a percentage of rent that the partnership will not collect over a period of time due to the pandemic and the resulting store closures. The partnership has left valuation metrics consistent with prior period as the partnership believes it has reflected sufficient cash flow risk in the downward adjustments to near-term cash flows whereby changes to discount rates are not required at this time. Please see Note 3, Investment Properties for further information.
2019 Transactions
In the first quarter of 2019, the deconsolidation of BSREP III resulted in a decrease to equity accounted investments of $1,434 million. Please see Note 3, Investment Properties for further information.
In the fourth quarter of 2019, the partnership acquired its joint venture partners’ incremental interest in Park Meadows in Colorado, Towson Town Center in Maryland, Perimeter Mall in Georgia, and Shops at Merrick Park in Florida, to bring its ownership to 100% and concurrently sold its interest in Bridgewater Commons in New Jersey to the joint venture partner. Prior to the acquisition, the partnership’s joint venture interest was reflected as equity accounted investments. As a result, the partnership gained control of the investments and consolidate its results.
The following table presents the change in the balance of the partnership’s equity accounted investments as of March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019:
| | | | | | | | |
| Three months ended | Year ended |
(US$ Millions) | Mar. 31, 2020 | Dec. 31, 2019 |
Equity accounted investments, beginning of period | $ | 20,764 | | $ | 22,698 | |
Additions | 89 | | 684 | |
Disposals and return of capital distributions | (54) | | (764) | |
Share of net earnings from equity accounted investments | (36) | | 1,969 | |
Distributions received | (105) | | (470) | |
Foreign currency translation | (447) | | 127 | |
Reclassification to assets held for sale(1) | (7) | | (189) | |
Impact of deconsolidation due to loss of control(2) | — | | (1,434) | |
Other comprehensive income and other(3) | (122) | | (1,857) | |
Equity accounted investments, end of period | $ | 20,082 | | $ | 20,764 | |
(1)The partnership’s interest in the Diplomat Resort and Spa (“Diplomat”) in Florida was reclassified to assets held for sale in the fourth quarter of 2019.
(2)The prior year includes the impact of the deconsolidation of BSREP III investments, primarily Forest City. See above for further information.
(3)The partnership acquired an incremental interest in Park Meadows in Colorado, Towson Town Center in Maryland, Perimeter Mall in Georgia, Shops at Merrick Park in Florida and 730 Fifth Avenue in New York during 2019, bringing its ownership in each of the malls to 100%. As a result, the partnership now consolidates its interest in the assets. The partnership also acquired an incremental interest in One and Two London Wall Place in London during 2019. As a result, the partnership now consolidates its interest in the assets
The key valuation metrics for the partnership’s commercial properties held within the partnership’s equity accounted investments are set forth in the table below on a weighted-average basis:
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Mar. 31, 2020 | | | Dec. 31, 2019 | | |
Equity accounted investments | Primary valuation method | Discount rate | Terminal capitalization rate | Investment horizon (yrs) | Discount rate | Terminal capitalization rate | Investment horizon (yrs) |
Core Office | | | | | | | |
United States | Discounted cash flow | | 6.8 | % | 4.9 | % | 11 | 6.8 % | | 4.9 % | | 11 |
Australia | Discounted cash flow | | 7.1 | % | 6.3 | % | 10 | 6.5 % | | 5.2 % | | 10 |
Europe | Discounted cash flow | | 4.8 | % | 5.0 | % | 10 | 4.6 | % | 5.0 | % | 10 |
Core Retail | | | | | | | |
United States | Discounted cash flow | | 6.3 | % | 4.9 | % | 10 | 6.3 | % | 4.9 | % | 10 |
LP Investments - Office | Discounted cash flow | | 6.0 | % | 5.3 | % | 10 | 6.0 | % | 5.3 % | | 10 |
LP Investments - Retail | Discounted cash flow | | 7.4 | % | 6.1 | % | 10 | 7.4 % | | 6.2 % | | 10 |
Multifamily(1) | Direct capitalization | | 5.1 | % | n/a | n/a | | 5.3 % | | n/a | n/a |
(1)The valuation method used to value multifamily investments is the direct capitalization method. The rates presented as the discount rate relate to the overall implied capitalization rate. The terminal capitalization rate and investment horizon are not applicable.
Summarized financial information in respect of the partnership’s equity accounted investments is presented below:
| | | | | | | | |
(US$ Millions) | Mar. 31, 2020 | Dec. 31, 2019 |
Non-current assets | $ | 74,197 | | $ | 75,715 | |
Current assets | 4,014 | | 4,386 | |
Total assets | 78,211 | | 80,101 | |
Non-current liabilities | 29,612 | | 30,093 | |
Current liabilities | 5,611 | | 5,786 | |
Total liabilities | 35,223 | | 35,879 | |
Net assets | 42,988 | | 44,222 | |
Partnership’s share of net assets | $ | 20,082 | | $ | 20,764 | |
| | | | | | | | | | |
| | | Three months ended Mar. 31, | |
(US$ Millions) | | | 2020 | 2019 |
Revenue | | | $ | 1,243 | | $ | 1,381 | |
Expenses | | | 826 | | 902 | |
Income from equity accounted investments(1) | | | 18 | | 10 | |
Income before fair value gains, net | | | 435 | | 489 | |
Fair value (losses) gains, net | | | (480) | | 45 | |
Net (loss) income | | | (45) | | 534 | |
Partnership’s share of net (losses) earnings | | | $ | (36) | | $ | 264 | |
(1)Share of net earnings from equity accounted investments recorded by the partnership’s joint ventures and associates.
NOTE 5. PROPERTY, PLANT AND EQUIPMENT
Property, plant, and equipment primarily consists of hospitality assets such as Center Parcs UK, Paradise Island Holdings Limited (“Atlantis”), a portfolio of extended-stay hotels in the U.S. and a hotel at IFC Seoul.
The following table presents the useful lives of each hospitality asset by class:
| | | | | |
Hospitality assets by class | Useful life (in years) |
Building and building improvements | 5 to 50+ | |
Land improvements | 14 to 15 | |
Furniture, fixtures and equipment | 2 to 15 | |
In the first quarter of 2020, the hospitality sector had the most immediate and acute impact from COVID-19 as the majority of the partnership’s hospitality investments were closed, and currently remain closed, either as a result of mandatory closure orders from various government authorities or due to severe travel restrictions. As a result of these closures, the partnership identified impairment indicators and performed impairment tests for each of the partnership’s hospitality investments based on revised cash flows and valuation metrics.
For the three months ended March 31, 2020, the partnership recognized an impairment of its property, plant and equipment, primarily related to Atlantis of $26 million, as a result of the impacts of COVID-19 on estimated operating cash flows. The recoverable amount was determined based on a value-in-use approach based on a terminal growth rate of 2.5% and a discount rate of 10.5%. The impairment was recorded as a reduction in the revaluation surplus included in other comprehensive income.
The following table presents the change to the components of the partnership’s hospitality assets for the three months ended March 31, 2020 and for the year ended December 31, 2019:
| | | | | | | | |
(US$ Millions) | Mar. 31, 2020 | | Dec. 31, 2019 | |
Cost: | | |
Balance at the beginning of period | $ | 7,246 | | $ | 7,461 | |
Acquisitions through business acquisitions | — | | — | |
Accounting policy change(1) | — | | 122 | |
Additions | 64 | | 387 | |
Disposals | (26) | | (52) | |
Foreign currency translation | (233) | | 98 | |
Impact of deconsolidation due to loss of control and other(2) | — | | (770) | |
| 7,051 | | 7,246 | |
Accumulated fair value changes: | | |
Balance at the beginning of period | 1,343 | | 1,049 | |
Revaluation (losses) gains, net(3) | (57) | | 301 | |
Impact of deconsolidation due to loss of control and other(2) | — | | (7) | |
Provision for impairment(3) | (7) | | — | |
Foreign currency translation | (15) | | — | |
| 1,264 | | 1,343 | |
Accumulated depreciation: | | |
Balance at the beginning of period | (1,311) | | (1,004) | |
Depreciation | (83) | | (329) | |
Disposals | 20 | | 30 | |
Foreign currency translation | 32 | | (15) | |
Impact of deconsolidation due to loss of control and other(2) | — | | 7 | |
| (1,342) | | (1,311) | |
Total property, plant and equipment | $ | 6,973 | | $ | 7,278 | |
(1)The prior year includes the impact of the adoption of IFRS 16 through the recognition of right-of-use assets.
(2)The prior year includes the impact of the deconsolidation of BSREP III investments. See Note 3, Investment Properties for further information.
(3)The current year impairment losses were recorded as revaluation losses, net in other comprehensive income and impairment expense in the income statement was a result of the impairment tests performed on each of the partnership’s hospitality investments from the impact of COVID-19 as discussed above.
NOTE 6. GOODWILL
Goodwill of $978 million at March 31, 2020 (December 31, 2019 - $1,041 million) is primarily attributable to Center Parcs UK and IFC Seoul. The partnership normally performs a goodwill impairment test annually by assessing if the carrying value of the cash-generating unit, including the allocated goodwill, exceeds its recoverable amount determined as the greater of the estimated fair value less costs to sell or the value in use.
The partnership tested the goodwill attributed to Center Parcs UK for impairment and trademark assets as of March 31, 2020 as a result of the closure of its villages due to COVID-19. Based on the impairment test, no impairment was recorded as the recoverable amount of the cash-generating unit of $3,788 million exceeded the carrying value of the cash-generating unit of $3,688 million. The recoverable amount was determined based on a value-in-use approach based on a terminal growth rate of 2.0% and a discount rate of 7.9%.
NOTE 7. INTANGIBLE ASSETS
The partnership’s intangible assets are presented on a cost basis, net of accumulated amortization and accumulated impairment losses in the condensed consolidated balance sheets. These intangible assets primarily represent the trademark assets related to Center Parcs UK.
The trademark assets of Center Parcs UK had a carrying amount of $893 million as of March 31, 2020 (December 31, 2019 - $956 million). They have been determined to have an indefinite useful life as the partnership has the legal right to operate these trademarks exclusively in certain territories and in perpetuity. The business model of Center Parcs UK is not subject to technological obsolescence or commercial innovations in any material way.
In addition, intangible assets include the trademark and licensing assets relating to Atlantis. At March 31, 2020, intangible assets of the Atlantis had a carrying value of $202 million (December 31, 2019 - $205 million). They have been determined to have an indefinite useful life as the partnership has the legal right to operate these intangible assets granted under perpetual licenses. The business model of Atlantis is not subject to technological obsolescence or commercial innovations in any material way.
| | | | | |
Intangible assets by class | Useful life (in years) |
Trademarks | Indefinite | |
Management contracts | 40 | |
Customer relationships | 9 | |
Other | 4 to 7 | |
Intangible assets with indefinite useful lives and intangible assets not yet available for use are tested for impairment at least annually and whenever there is an indication that the asset may be impaired. Intangible assets with finite useful lives are amortized over their respective useful lives as listed above. Amortization expense is recorded as part of depreciation and amortization of non-real estate assets expense.
For the three months ended March 31, 2020, the partnership recognized an impairment of its intangible assets related to Atlantis of $3 million as a result of the impacts of COVID-19 on estimated operating cash flows. The recoverable amount was determined based on a value-in-use approach based on a terminal growth rate of 2.5% and a discount rate of 10.5%. The impairment was recorded as a charge through the income statement during the period.
The following table presents the components of the partnership’s intangible assets as of March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019:
| | | | | | | | |
(US$ Millions) | Mar. 31, 2020 | Dec. 31, 2019 |
Cost | $ | 1,205 | | $ | 1,265 | |
Accumulated amortization | (57) | | (55) | |
Accumulated impairment losses | (51) | | (48) | |
Balance, end of period | $ | 1,097 | | $ | 1,162 | |
The following table presents a roll forward of the partnership’s intangible assets for the three months ended March 31, 2020 and the year ended December 31, 2019:
| | | | | | | | |
(US$ Millions) | Mar. 31, 2020 | Dec. 31, 2019 |
Balance, beginning of period | $ | 1,162 | | $ | 1,179 | |
Acquisitions | — | | 9 | |
Disposals | — | | — | |
Amortization | (2) | | (12) | |
Impairment losses | (3) | | — | |
Foreign currency translation | (60) | | 36 | |
Reclassification to assets held for sale and other(1) | — | | (50) | |
Balance, end of period | $ | 1,097 | | $ | 1,162 | |
(1)Includes the impact of the deconsolidation of BSREP III investments. See Note 3, Investment Properties for further information.
NOTE 8. OTHER NON-CURRENT ASSETS
The components of other non-current assets are as follows:
| | | | | | | | |
(US$ Millions) | Mar. 31, 2020 | Dec. 31, 2019 |
Securities - FVTPL | $ | 1,358 | | $ | 1,250 | |
Derivative assets | 100 | | 10 | |
Securities - FVTOCI | 81 | | 121 | |
Restricted cash | 128 | | 154 | |
Inventory | 586 | | 507 | |
Other | 283 | | 284 | |
Total other non-current assets | $ | 2,536 | | $ | 2,326 | |
Securities - FVTPL
Securities - FVTPL consists of its investment in convertible preferred units of a U.S. hospitality operating company. The preferred units earn a fixed cumulative dividend of 7.5% per annum compounding quarterly. Additionally, the partnership receives distributions in additional convertible preferred units of the U.S. hospitality operating company at 5.0% per annum compounding quarterly. In 2019, the partnership purchased an additional $238 million of convertible preferred units of a U.S. hospitality operating company. The carrying value of these convertible preferred units at March 31, 2020 was $423 million (December 31, 2019 - $418 million).
Also included in Securities - FVTPL is the partnership’s investment in BSREP III, which is accounted for as a financial asset following the deconsolidation of its investments in the first quarter of 2019. The carrying value of the BSREP III financial asset at March 31, 2020 was $480 million (December 31, 2019 - $417 million).
NOTE 9. ACCOUNTS RECEIVABLE AND OTHER
The components of accounts receivable and other are as follows:
| | | | | | | | |
(US$ Millions) | Mar. 31, 2020 | Dec. 31, 2019 |
Derivative assets | $ | 242 | | $ | 80 | |
Accounts receivable(1) | 469 | | 510 | |
Restricted cash and deposits | 248 | | 239 | |
Prepaid expenses | 251 | | 278 | |
Other current assets | 271 | | 300 | |
Total accounts receivable and other | $ | 1,481 | | $ | 1,407 | |
(1) See Note 30, Related Parties, for further discussion
NOTE 10. HELD FOR SALE
Non-current assets and groups of assets and liabilities which comprise disposal groups are presented as assets held for sale where the asset or disposal group is available for immediate sale in its present condition, and the sale is highly probable.
The following is a summary of the assets and liabilities that were classified as held for sale as of March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019:
| | | | | | | | |
(US$ Millions) | Mar. 31, 2020 | Dec. 31, 2019 |
Investment properties | $ | 318 | | $ | 160 | |
Equity accounted investments | 230 | | 223 | |
Accounts receivable and other assets | 4 | | 4 | |
Assets held for sale | 552 | | 387 | |
Debt obligations | 190 | | 138 | |
Accounts payable and other liabilities | 4 | | 2 | |
Liabilities associated with assets held for sale | $ | 194 | | $ | 140 | |
The following table presents the change to the components of the assets held for sale for the three months ended March 31, 2020 and the year ended December 31, 2019:
| | | | | | | | |
(US$ Millions) | Mar. 31, 2020 | Dec. 31, 2019 |
Balance, beginning of period | $ | 387 | | $ | 1,004 | |
Reclassification to assets held for sale, net | 311 | | 3,387 | |
Disposals | (155) | | (4,038) | |
Fair value adjustments | (1) | | 14 | |
Foreign currency translation | — | | (5) | |
Other | 10 | | 25 | |
Balance, end of period | $ | 552 | | $ | 387 | |
At December 31, 2019, assets held for sale included its equity accounted investment in the Diplomat in Florida, an office asset in California and six triple net lease assets in the United States.
In the first quarter of 2019, the partnership sold an office asset in California and five triple-net lease asset in the U.S within the LP Investments portfolio for net proceeds of approximately $73 million.
At March 31, 2020, assets held for sale included its equity accounted investment in the Diplomat in Florida, two office assets in the U.S., four triple net lease assets in the United States and seven multifamily assets in the U.S., as the partnership intends to sell controlling interest in these assets to third parties in the next 12 months.
NOTE 11. DEBT OBLIGATIONS
The partnership’s debt obligations include the following:
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Mar. 31, 2020 | | Dec. 31, 2019 | |
(US$ Millions) | Weighted-average rate | Debt balance | Weighted-average rate | Debt balance |
Unsecured facilities: | | | | |
Brookfield Property Partners’ credit facilities | 2.49 % | | 772 | | 3.33 | % | 836 | |
Brookfield Property Partners’ corporate bonds | 3.35 % | | 1,357 | | 4.25 | % | 1,082 | |
Brookfield Property REIT Inc. term debt | 3.36 % | | 4,005 | | 4.17 | % | 4,010 | |
Brookfield Property REIT Inc. senior secured notes | 5.75 % | | 1,000 | | 5.75 | % | 1,000 | |
Brookfield Property REIT Inc. corporate facility | 3.18 % | | 765 | | 4.03 | % | 715 | |
Brookfield Property REIT Inc. junior subordinated notes | 3.22 % | | 206 | | 3.39 | % | 206 | |
Subsidiary borrowings | 2.92 % | | 260 | | 3.27 | % | 202 | |
| | | | |
Secured debt obligations: | | | | |
Funds subscription credit facilities(1) | 2.19 % | | 35 | | 2.83 | % | 57 | |
Fixed rate | 4.31 % | | 29,356 | | 4.35 | % | 28,717 | |
Variable rate | 4.10 % | | 17,771 | | 4.52 | % | 19,121 | |
Deferred financing costs | | (397) | | | (418) | |
Total debt obligations | | $ | 55,130 | | | $ | 55,528 | |
| | | | |
Current | | 9,185 | | | 8,825 | |
Non-current | | 45,755 | | | 46,565 | |
Debt associated with assets held for sale | | 190 | | | 138 | |
Total debt obligations | | $ | 55,130 | | | $ | 55,528 | |
(1)Funds subscription credit facilities are secured by co-investors’ capital commitments.
Debt obligations include foreign currency denominated debt in the functional currencies of the borrowing subsidiaries. Debt obligations by currency are as follows:
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Mar. 31, 2020 | | | Dec. 31, 2019 | | |
(Millions) | U.S. Dollars | | Local currency | U.S. Dollars | | Local currency |
U.S. Dollars | $ | 39,634 | | $ | | 39,634 | | $ | 39,286 | | $ | | 39,286 | |
British Pounds | 6,558 | | £ | | 5,280 | | 6,997 | | £ | | 5,279 | |
Canadian Dollars | 3,557 | | C$ | | 5,001 | | 3,431 | | C$ | | 4,457 | |
South Korean Won | 1,870 | | ₩ | | 2,280,000 | | 1,973 | | ₩ | | 2,280,000 | |
Australian Dollars | 1,124 | | A$ | | 1,834 | | 1,273 | | A$ | | 1,814 | |
Indian Rupee | 2,112 | | Rs | | 158,803 | | 2,209 | | Rs | | 157,797 | |
Brazilian Reais | 372 | | R$ | | 1,932 | | 480 | | R$ | | 1,935 | |
Chinese Yuan | 11 | | C¥ | | 78 | | 11 | | C¥ | | 78 | |
Euros | 289 | | € | | 262 | | 286 | | € | | 255 | |
Deferred financing costs | (397) | | | | (418) | | | |
Total debt obligations | $ | 55,130 | | | | $ | 55,528 | | | |
The components of changes in debt obligations, including changes related to cash flows from financing activities, are summarized in the table below:
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | Non-cash changes in debt obligations | | | |
(US$ Millions) | Dec. 31, 2019 | Debt obligation issuance, net of repayments | | | Amortization of deferred financing costs and (premium) discount | Foreign currency translation | Other | Mar. 31, 2020 |
Debt obligations | $ | 55,528 | | 590 | | | | 26 | | (1,214) | | 200 | | $ | 55,130 | |
NOTE 12. CAPITAL SECURITIES
The partnership has the following capital securities outstanding as of March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019:
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
(US$ Millions) | Shares outstanding | Cumulative dividend rate | Mar. 31, 2020 | Dec. 31, 2019 |
Operating Partnership Class A Preferred Equity Units: | | | | |
Series 1 | 24,000,000 | 6.25 | % | $ | 577 | | $ | 574 | |
Series 2 | 24,000,000 | 6.50 | % | 548 | | 546 | |
Series 3 | 24,000,000 | 6.75 | % | 532 | | 530 | |
Brookfield Office Properties Inc. (“BPO”) Class B Preferred Shares: | | | | |
Series 1(1) | 3,600,000 | 70% of bank prime | — | | — | |
Series 2(1) | 3,000,000 | 70% of bank prime | — | | — | |
Brookfield Property Split Corp. (“BOP Split”) Senior Preferred Shares: | | | | |
Series 1 | 924,390 | 5.25 | % | 23 | | 23 | |
Series 2 | 699,165 | 5.75 | % | 12 | | 13 | |
Series 3 | 909,814 | 5.00 | % | 16 | | 18 | |
Series 4 | 940,486 | 5.20 | % | 17 | | 18 | |
BSREP II RH B LLC (“Manufactured Housing”) Preferred Capital | — | | 9.00 | % | 249 | | 249 | |
Rouse Series A Preferred Shares | 5,600,000 | | 5.00 | % | 142 | | 142 | |
BSREP II Vintage Estate Partners LLC ("Vintage Estate") Preferred Shares | 10,000 | | 5.00 | % | 40 | | 40 | |
Capital Securities – Fund Subsidiaries | | | 956 | | 922 | |
Total capital securities | | | $ | 3,112 | | $ | 3,075 | |
| | | | |
Current | | | 72 | | 75 | |
Non-current | | | 3,040 | | 3,000 | |
Total capital securities | | | $ | 3,112 | | $ | 3,075 | |
(1)BPO Class B Preferred Shares, Series 1 and 2 capital securities are owned by Brookfield Asset Management. BPO has an offsetting loan receivable against these securities earning interest at 95% of bank prime.
Cumulative preferred dividends on the BOP Split Senior Preferred Shares are payable quarterly, as and when declared by BOP Split. On March 27, 2020, BOP Split declared quarterly dividends payable for the BOP Split Senior Preferred Shares.
Capital securities includes $249 million at March 31, 2020 (December 31, 2019 - $249 million) of preferred equity interests held by a third party investor in Manufactured Housing which have been classified as a liability, rather than as a non-controlling interest, due to the fact the holders are entitled to distributions equal to their capital balance plus 9% annual return payable in monthly distributions until maturity in December 2025.
Capital securities also includes $142 million at March 31, 2020 (December 31, 2019 - $142 million) of preferred equity interests held by a third party investor in Rouse Properties, L.P. (“Rouse”) which have been classified as a liability, rather than as a non-controlling interest, due to the fact that the interests are mandatorily redeemable on or after November 12, 2025 for a set price per unit plus any accrued but unpaid distributions; distributions are capped and accrue regardless of available cash generated.
Capital securities also includes $40 million at March 31, 2020 (December 31, 2019 - $40 million) of preferred equity interests held by the partnership’s co-investor in Vintage Estate which have been classified as a liability, rather than as non-controlling interest, due to the fact that the preferred equity interests are mandatorily redeemable on April 26, 2023 for cash at an amount equal to the outstanding principal balance of the preferred equity plus any accrued but unpaid dividend.
The Capital Securities – Fund Subsidiaries includes $894 million at March 31, 2020 (December 31, 2019 - $859 million) of equity interests in Brookfield DTLA Holdings LLC (“DTLA”) held by co-investors in DTLA which have been classified as a liability, rather than as non-controlling interest, as holders of these interests can cause DTLA to redeem their interests in the fund for cash equivalent to the fair value of the interests on October 15, 2023, and on every fifth anniversary thereafter. Capital Securities – Fund Subsidiaries are measured at FVTPL.
Capital Securities – Fund Subsidiaries also includes $62 million at March 31, 2020 (December 31, 2019 - $62 million) which represents the equity interests held by the partnership’s co-investor in the D.C. Fund which have been classified as a liability, rather than as non-controlling interest, due to the fact that on June 18, 2023, and on every second anniversary thereafter, the holders of these interests can redeem their interests in the D.C. Fund for cash equivalent to the fair value of the interests.
At March 31, 2020, capital securities includes $45 million (December 31, 2019 - $49 million) repayable in Canadian Dollars of C$64 million (December 31, 2019 - C$64 million).
Reconciliation of cash flows from financing activities from capital securities is shown in the table below:
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | Non-cash changes on capital securities | | | |
(US$ Millions) | Dec. 31, 2019 | | | Fair value changes | Foreign currency translation | Other | Mar. 31, 2020 |
Capital securities | $ | 3,075 | | | | $ | 42 | | $ | 3 | | $ | (8) | | $ | 3,112 | |
NOTE 13. INCOME TAXES
The partnership is a flow-through entity for tax purposes and as such is not subject to Bermudian taxation. However, income taxes are recognized for the amount of taxes payable by the primary holding subsidiaries of the partnership (“Holding Entities”), any direct or indirect corporate subsidiaries of the Holding Entities and for the impact of deferred tax assets and liabilities related to such entities.
The components of income tax expense include the following:
| | | | | | | | | | |
| | | Three months ended Mar. 31, | |
(US$ Millions) | | | 2020 | 2019 |
Current income tax | | | $ | 25 | | $ | 38 | |
Deferred income tax | | | 136 | | 50 | |
Income tax expense (benefit) | | | $ | 161 | | $ | 88 | |
The partnership’s income tax expense increased for the three months ended March 31, 2020 as compared to the same period in the prior year primarily due to an increased in deferred tax liabilities relating to legislative changes.
NOTE 14. OTHER NON-CURRENT LIABILITIES
The components of other non-current liabilities are as follows:
| | | | | | | | |
(US$ Millions) | Mar. 31, 2020 | Dec. 31, 2019 |
Accounts payable and accrued liabilities | $ | 860 | | $ | 760 | |
Lease liabilities(1) | 870 | | 889 | |
Derivative liabilities | 481 | | 413 | |
Provisions | 93 | | 78 | |
Loans and notes payables | — | | 18 | |
Deferred revenue | 54 | | 4 | |
Total other non-current liabilities | $ | 2,358 | | $ | 2,162 | |
(1)For the three months ended March 31, 2020, interest expense relating to total lease liabilities (see Note 15, Accounts Payable And Other Liabilities for the current portion) was $14 million (2019 - $17 million).
NOTE 15. ACCOUNTS PAYABLE AND OTHER LIABILITIES
The components of accounts payable and other liabilities are as follows:
| | | | | | | | |
(US$ Millions) | Mar. 31, 2020 | Dec. 31, 2019 |
Accounts payable and accrued liabilities | $ | 2,232 | | $ | 2,537 | |
Loans and notes payable | 211 | | 172 | |
Derivative liabilities | 215 | | 289 | |
Deferred revenue | 402 | | 342 | |
Lease liabilities(1) | 42 | | 43 | |
Other liabilities | 37 | | 43 | |
Total accounts payable and other liabilities | $ | 3,139 | | $ | 3,426 | |
(1)See Note 14, Other Non-Current Liabilities for further information on the interest expense related to these liabilities.
NOTE 16. EQUITY
The partnership’s capital structure is comprised of seven classes of partnership units: GP Units, LP Units, redeemable/exchangeable partnership units of the Operating Partnership (“Redeemable/Exchangeable Partnership Units”), special limited partnership units of the Operating Partnership (“Special LP Units”), limited partnership units of Brookfield Office Properties Exchange LP (“Exchange LP Units”), FV LTIP units of the Operating Partnership and BPYU Units. In addition, the partnership issued Class A Cumulative Redeemable Perpetual Preferred Units, Series 1 in the first quarter of 2019, Class A Cumulative Redeemable Perpetual Preferred Units, Series 2 in the third quarter of 2019 and Class A Cumulative Redeemable Perpetual Preferred Units, Series 3 in the first quarter of 2020 (“Preferred Equity Units”).
a)General and limited partnership equity
GP Units entitle the holder to the right to govern the financial and operating policies of the partnership. The GP Units are entitled to a 1% general partnership interest.
LP Units entitle the holder to their proportionate share of distributions and are listed and publicly traded on the Nasdaq and the TSX. Each LP Unit entitles the holder thereof to one vote for the purposes of any approval at a meeting of limited partners, provided that holders of the Redeemable/Exchangeable Partnership Units that are exchanged for LP Units will only be entitled to a maximum number of votes in respect of the Redeemable/Exchangeable Partnership Units equal to 49% of the total voting power of all outstanding units.
The following table presents changes to the GP Units and LP Units from the beginning of the year:
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| General partnership units | | Limited partnership units | |
(Thousands of units) | Mar. 31, 2020 | Dec. 31, 2019 | Mar. 31, 2020 | Dec. 31, 2019 |
Outstanding, beginning of period | 139 | | 139 | | 439,802 | | 424,198 | |
| | | | |
Exchange LP Units exchanged | | | — | | 19 | | 425 | |
BPYU Units exchanged | — | | | | 7,327 | | 36,316 | |
Distribution Reinvestment Program | — | | — | | 223 | | 257 | |
Issued under unit-based compensation plan | — | | — | | — | | 858 | |
Repurchase of LP Units | — | | — | | (7,753) | | (22,252) | |
Outstanding, end of period | 139 | | 139 | | 439,618 | | 439,802 | |
b)Units of the operating partnership held by Brookfield Asset Management
Redeemable/Exchangeable Partnership Units
There were 432,649,105 Redeemable/Exchangeable Partnership Units outstanding at March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019.
Special limited partnership units
Brookfield Property Special L.P. is entitled to receive equity enhancement distributions and incentive distributions from the operating partnership as a result of its ownership of the Special LP Units.
There were 4,759,997 Special LP Units outstanding at March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019.
c)Limited partnership units of Brookfield Office Properties Exchange LP (“Exchange LP”)
The Exchange LP Units are exchangeable at any time on a one-for-one basis, at the option of the holder, subject to their terms and applicable law, for LP Units. An Exchange LP Unit provides a holder thereof with economic terms that are substantially equivalent to those of a LP Unit. Subject to certain conditions and applicable law, Exchange LP will have the right, commencing June 9, 2021, to redeem all of the then outstanding Exchange LP Units at a price equal to the 20-day volume-weighted average trading price of an LP Unit plus all declared, payable, and unpaid distributions on such units.
The following table presents changes to the Exchange LP Units from the beginning of the year:
| | | | | | | | |
| Limited Partnership Units of Brookfield Office Properties Exchange LP | |
(Thousands of units) | Mar. 31, 2020 | Dec. 31, 2019 |
Outstanding, beginning of period | 2,883 | | 3,308 | |
Exchange LP Units exchanged(1) | (19) | | (425) | |
Outstanding, end of period | 2,864 | | 2,883 | |
(1) Exchange LP Units that have been exchanged are held by an indirect subsidiary of the partnership. Refer to the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Changes in Equity for the impact of such exchanges on the carrying value of Exchange LP Units.
d)FV LTIP units of the Operating Partnership
The partnership issued Brookfield Property Partners BPY FV LTIP Unit Plan (“FV LTIP”) to certain participants in the third quarter of 2019. Each FV LTIP unit will vest over a period of five years and is redeemable for LP Units, BPYU Units or a cash payment subject to a conversion adjustment. There were 1,894,777 and 1,156,114 FV LTIP Units outstanding at March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019, respectively.
e)Class A shares of Brookfield Property REIT Inc.
BPYU Units were issued to former GGP common shareholders who elected to receive BPYU Units as consideration. Each BPYU Unit is structured to provide an economic return equivalent to an LP Unit. The holder of a BPYU Unit has the right, at any time, to request the unit be redeemed for cash equivalent to the value of an LP Unit. In the event the holder of a BPYU Unit exercises this right, the partnership has the right, at its sole discretion, to satisfy the redemption request with an LP Unit rather than cash. As a result, BPYU Units participate in earnings and distribution on a per unit basis equivalent to the per unit participation of LP Units. The partnership presents BPYU Units as a component of non-controlling interest.
The following table presents changes to the BPYU Units from the beginning of the year:
| | | | | | | | |
| Class A shares of Brookfield Property REIT Inc. | |
(Thousands of units) | Mar. 31, 2020 | Dec. 31, 2019 |
Outstanding, beginning of period | 64,025 | | 106,090 | |
BPYU Units exchanged(1) | (7,327) | | (36,316) | |
Repurchases of BPYU Units | (855) | | (5,724) | |
BPYU Units vested | 85 | | — | |
Forfeitures | — | | (25) | |
Outstanding, end of period(2) | 55,928 | | 64,025 | |
(1) Represents BPYU Units that have been exchanged for LP Units. Refer to the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Changes in Equity for the impact of such exchanges on the carrying value of BPYU Units.
(2) In addition, there were 1,418 thousand BPYU Units held in treasury as of March 31, 2020.
f)Class A Cumulative Redeemable Perpetual Preferred Units, Series 1, Series 2 and Series 3 (“Preferred Equity Units”)
During the year ended December 31, 2019, the partnership issued 7,360,000 Class A Cumulative Redeemable Perpetual Preferred Units, Series 1 at $25.00 per unit at a coupon rate of 6.5% and 10,000,000 Class A Cumulative Redeemable Perpetual Preferred Units, Series 2 at $25.00 per unit at a coupon rate of 6.375%. In total $434 million of gross proceeds were raised and $14 million in underwriting and issuance costs were incurred.
During the three months ended March 31, 2020, the partnership issued 11,500,000 Class A Cumulative Redeemable Perpetual Preferred Units, Series 3 at $25.00 per unit at a coupon rate of 5.75%. In total $288 million of gross proceeds were raised and $9 million in underwriting and issuance costs were incurred. At March 31, 2020, Preferred Equity Units had a total carrying value of $699 million (December 31, 2019 - $420 million).
g)Distributions
Distributions made to each class of partnership units, including units of subsidiaries that are exchangeable into LP Units, are as follows:
| | | | | | | | | | |
| | | Three months ended Mar. 31, | |
(US$ Millions, except per unit information) | | | 2020 | 2019 |
| | | | |
Limited Partners | | | $ | 146 | | $ | 141 | |
Holders of: | | | | |
Redeemable/Exchangeable Partnership Units | | | 142 | | 142 | |
Special LP Units | | | 2 | | 2 | |
Exchange LP Units | | | 1 | | 1 | |
FV LTIP units of the Operating Partnership | | | — | | — | |
BPYU Units | | | 20 | | 34 | |
Total | | | $ | 311 | | $ | 320 | |
Per unit(1) | | | $ | 0.3325 | | $ | 0.330 | |
(1) Per unit outstanding on the distribution record date.
h)Earnings per unit
The partnership’s net income per LP Unit and weighted average units outstanding are calculated as follows:
| | | | | | | | | | |
| | | Three months ended Mar. 31, | |
(US$ Millions, except unit information) | | | 2020 | 2019 |
Net (loss) income attributable to limited partners | | | $ | (228) | | $ | 146 | |
(Loss) income reallocation related to mandatorily convertible preferred shares | | | (17) | | 13 | |
Less: Preferred unit dividends attributable to limited partners | | | (5) | | — | |
Net (loss) income attributable to limited partners – basic | | | (250) | | 159 | |
Dilutive effect of conversion of preferred shares and options | | | — | | 6 | |
Net (loss) income attributable to limited partners – diluted | | | $ | (250) | | $ | 165 | |
| | | | |
(in millions of units/shares) | | | | |
Weighted average number of LP Units outstanding | | | 440.7 | | 426.4 | |
Mandatorily convertible preferred shares | | | 70.1 | | 70.0 | |
Weighted average number of LP Units - basic | | | 510.8 | | 496.4 | |
Dilutive effect of the conversion of preferred shares and options | | | — | | 20.8 | |
Weighted average number of LP units outstanding - diluted | | | 510.8 | | 517.2 | |
NOTE 17. NON-CONTROLLING INTERESTS
Non-controlling interests consists of the following:
| | | | | | | | |
(US$ Millions) | Mar. 31, 2020 | Dec. 31, 2019 |
Redeemable/Exchangeable Partnership Units and Special LP Units(1) | $ | 12,637 | | $ | 13,200 | |
Exchange LP Units(1) | 83 | | 87 | |
FV LTIP units of the Operating Partnership(1) | 55 | | 35 | |
BPYU Units(1) | 1,616 | | 1,930 | |
Interests of others in operating subsidiaries and properties: | | |
Preferred shares held by Brookfield Asset Management | 15 | | 15 | |
Preferred equity of subsidiaries | 2,991 | | 3,017 | |
Non-controlling interests in subsidiaries and properties | 12,990 | | 12,953 | |
Total interests of others in operating subsidiaries and properties | 15,996 | | 15,985 | |
Total non-controlling interests | $ | 30,387 | | $ | 31,237 | |
(1) Each unit within these classes of non-controlling interest has economic terms substantially equivalent to those of an LP Unit. As such, income attributed to each unit or share of non-controlling interest is equivalent to that allocated to an LP Unit. The proportion of interests held by holders of the Redeemable/Exchangeable Units and Exchange LP Units changes as a result of issuances, repurchases and exchanges. Consequently, the partnership adjusted the relative carrying amounts of the interests held by limited partners and non-controlling interests based on their relative share of the equivalent LP Units. The difference between the adjusted value and the previous carrying amounts was attributed to current LP Units as ownership changes in the Condensed Consolidated Statement of Changes in Equity.
Non-controlling interests of others in operating subsidiaries and properties consist of the following:
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Proportion of economic interests held by non-controlling interests | | | |
(US$ Millions) | Jurisdiction of formation | Mar. 31, 2020 | Dec. 31, 2019 | Mar. 31, 2020 | Dec. 31, 2019 |
BPO(1) | Canada | — | % | — | % | $ | 4,836 | | $ | 4,808 | |
BPR Retail Holdings LLC(2) | United States | — | % | — | % | 1,730 | | 1,787 | |
BSREP CARS Sub-Pooling LLC(3) | United States | 74 | % | 71 | % | 967 | | 973 | |
BSREP II PBSA Ltd.(3) | Bermuda | 75 | % | 75 | % | 771 | | 791 | |
BSREP II MH Holdings LLC(3) | United States | 74 | % | 74 | % | 817 | | 773 | |
Center Parcs UK(3) | United Kingdom | 73 | % | 73 | % | 577 | | 675 | |
BSREP II Aries Pooling LLC(3) | United States | 74 | % | 74 | % | 567 | | 554 | |
BSREP II Retail Upper Pooling LLC(3) | United States | 50 | % | 50 | % | 544 | | 541 | |
BSREP II Korea Office Holdings Pte. Ltd.(3) | South Korea | 78 | % | 78 | % | 519 | | 484 | |
BSREP India Office Holdings Pte. Ltd.(3) | United States | 67 | % | 67 | % | 349 | | 403 | |
Other | Various | 18% - 84% | | 18 - 76% | | 4,319 | | 4,196 | |
Total | | | | $ | 15,996 | | $ | 15,985 | |
(1)Includes non-controlling interests in BPO subsidiaries which vary from 1% - 100%.
(2)Includes non-controlling interests in BPYU subsidiaries.
(3)Includes non-controlling interests representing interests held by other investors in Brookfield-sponsored real estate funds and holding entities through which the partnership participates in such funds. Also includes non-controlling interests in underlying operating entities owned by these funds.
NOTE 18. COMMERCIAL PROPERTY REVENUE
The components of commercial property revenue are as follows:
| | | | | | | | | | |
| | | Three months ended Mar. 31, | |
(US$ Millions) | | | 2020 | 2019 |
Base rent | | | $ | 919 | | $ | 1,018 | |
Straight-line rent | | | 19 | | 35 | |
Lease termination | | | 7 | | 6 | |
Other lease income(1) | | | 197 | | 174 | |
Other revenue from tenants(2) | | | 262 | | 241 | |
Total commercial property revenue | | | $ | 1,404 | | $ | 1,474 | |
(1)Other lease income includes parking revenue and recovery of property tax and insurance expenses from tenants.
(2)Consists of recovery of certain operating expenses from tenants which are accounted for in accordance with IFRS 15, Revenue from Contracts with Customers.
NOTE 19. HOSPITALITY REVENUE
The components of hospitality revenue are as follows:
| | | | | | | | | | |
| | | Three months ended Mar. 31, | |
(US$ Millions) | | | 2020 | 2019 |
Room, food and beverage | | | $ | 276 | | $ | 360 | |
Gaming, and other leisure activities | | | 67 | | 100 | |
Other hospitality revenue | | | 23 | | 31 | |
Total hospitality revenue | | | $ | 366 | | $ | 491 | |
NOTE 20. INVESTMENT AND OTHER REVENUE
The components of investment and other revenue are as follows:
| | | | | | | | | | |
| | | Three months ended Mar. 31, | |
(US$ Millions) | | | 2020 | 2019 |
Investment income | | | $ | 23 | | $ | 8 | |
Fee revenue | | | 63 | | 64 | |
Dividend income | | | 34 | | 1 | |
Interest income and other | | | 10 | | 32 | |
Participating loan notes | | | — | | 3 | |
| | | | |
Total investment and other revenue | | | $ | 130 | | $ | 108 | |
NOTE 21. DIRECT COMMERCIAL PROPERTY EXPENSE
The components of direct commercial property expense are as follows:
| | | | | | | | | | |
| | | Three months ended Mar. 31, | |
(US$ Millions) | | | 2020 | 2019 |
Property maintenance | | | $ | 174 | | $ | 196 | |
Real estate taxes | | | 157 | | 167 | |
Employee compensation and benefits | | | 42 | | 48 | |
Lease expense(1) | | | 4 | | 5 | |
Other | | | 103 | | 106 | |
Total direct commercial property expense | | | $ | 480 | | $ | 522 | |
(1)For the three months ended March 31, 2020, operating expenses relating to variable lease payments not included in the measurement of the lease liability was $4 million (2019 - $4 million).
NOTE 22. DIRECT HOSPITALITY EXPENSE
The components of direct hospitality expense are as follows:
| | | | | | | | | | |
| | | Three months ended Mar. 31, | |
(US$ Millions) | | | 2020 | 2019 |
Employee compensation and benefits | | | $ | 82 | | $ | 83 | |
Cost of food, beverage, and retail goods sold | | | 69 | | 81 | |
Maintenance and utilities | | | 37 | | 42 | |
Marketing and advertising | | | 20 | | 23 | |
Other | | | 82 | | 91 | |
Total direct hospitality expense | | | $ | 290 | | $ | 320 | |
NOTE 23. DEPRECIATION AND AMORTIZATION
The components of depreciation and amortization expense are as follows:
| | | | | | | | | | |
| | | Three months ended Mar. 31, | |
(US$ Millions) | | | 2020 | 2019 |
Depreciation and amortization of real estate assets | | | $ | 69 | | $ | 69 | |
Depreciation and amortization of non-real estate assets(1) | | | 18 | | 16 | |
Total depreciation and amortization | | | $ | 87 | | $ | 85 | |
(1)For the three months ended March 31, 2020, included $2 million (2019 - $2 million) , of depreciation expense relating to right-of-use property, plant and equipment.
NOTE 24. GENERAL AND ADMINISTRATIVE EXPENSE
The components of general and administrative expense are as follows:
| | | | | | | | | | |
| | | Three months ended Mar. 31, | |
(US$ Millions) | | | 2020 | 2019 |
Employee compensation and benefits | | | $ | 99 | | $ | 88 | |
Management fees | | | 24 | | 38 | |
Transaction costs | | | 3 | | 22 | |
Other | | | 70 | | 75 | |
Total general and administrative expense | | | $ | 196 | | $ | 223 | |
NOTE 25. FAIR VALUE GAINS (LOSSES), NET
The components of fair value gains (losses), net, are as follows:
| | | | | | | | | | |
| | | Three months ended Mar. 31, | |
(US$ Millions) | | | 2020 | 2019 |
Commercial properties | | | $ | (89) | | $ | 307 | |
Commercial developments | | | 88 | | 163 | |
Incentive fees(1) | | | (6) | | — | |
Financial instruments and other(2) | | | (303) | | (100) | |
Total fair values gains (losses), net | | | $ | (310) | | $ | 370 | |
(1)Represents incentive fees the partnership is obligated to pay to the general partner of the partnership’s various fund investments.
(2)For the three months ended March 31, 2020, primarily includes fair value losses on financial instruments.
NOTE 26. UNIT-BASED COMPENSATION
The partnership grants options to certain employees under its amended and restated BPY Unit Option Plan (“BPY Plan”). Pursuant to the BPY Plan, options may be settled for the in-the-money amount of the option in LP Units upon exercise. Consequently, options granted to employees under the BPY Plan are accounted for as an equity-based compensation agreement.
During the three months ended March 31, 2020, the partnership incurred $6 million (2019 - $3 million), respectively, of expense in connection with its unit-based compensation plans.
a)BPY Unit Option Plan
Awards under the BPY Plan (“BPY Awards”) generally vest 20% per year over a period of five years and expire 10 years after the grant date, with the exercise price set at the time such options were granted. Upon exercise of a vested BPY Award, the participant is entitled to receive LP Units or a cash payment equal to the amount by which the fair market value of an LP Unit at the date of exercise exceeds the exercise price of the BPY Award. Subject to a separate adjustment arising from forfeitures, the estimated expense is revalued every reporting period using the Black-Scholes model as a result of the cash settlement provisions of the plan for certain employees. In terms of measuring expected life of the
BPY Awards with various term lengths and vesting periods, BPY will segregate each set of similar BPY Awards and, if different, exercise price, into subgroups and apply a weighted average within each group.
There were no BPY Awards granted during the period ended March 31, 2020.
i.Equity-settled BPY Awards
The change in the number of options outstanding under the equity-settled BPY Awards at March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019 is as follows:
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Mar. 31, 2020 | | Dec. 31, 2019 | |
| Number of options | Weighted average exercise price | Number of options | Weighted average exercise price |
Outstanding, beginning of period | 19,915,189 | | $ | 20.58 | | 13,836,213 | | $ | 20.56 | |
Granted | — | | — | | — | | — | |
Exercised | — | | — | | (425,171) | | 15.06 | |
Expired/forfeited | (43,802) | | 21.07 | | (203,978) | | 21.60 | |
Reclassified(1) | — | | — | | 6,708,125 | | 20.20 | |
Outstanding, end of period | 19,871,387 | | 20.58 | | 19,915,189 | | 20.58 | |
Exercisable, end of period | 11,484,219 | | $ | 20.56 | | 11,484,219 | | $ | 20.56 | |
(1) Relates to the reclassification of cash-settled options for employees in Canada to equity-settled options subsequent to the amendment of the BPY Plan, which was amended on September 30, 2019.
The following table sets out details of options issued and outstanding at March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019 under the equity-settled BPY Awards by expiry date:
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Mar. 31, 2020 | | Dec. 31, 2019 | |
Expiry date | Number of options | Weighted average exercise price | Number of options | Weighted average exercise price |
2020 | — | $ | — | | — | $ | — | |
2021 | 389,800 | 17.44 | | 389,800 | 17.44 | |
2022 | 987,700 | 18.09 | 987,700 | 18.09 |
2023 | 1,108,420 | 16.80 | 1,108,420 | 16.80 |
2024 | 11,787,572 | 20.59 | 11,794,215 | 20.59 |
2025 | 1,937,175 | 25.18 | 1,947,979 | 25.18 |
2026 | 2,766,970 | 19.51 | 2,793,325 | | 19.51 | |
2027 | 93,750 | 22.92 | | 93,750 | | 22.92 | |
2028 | 800,000 | 22.50 | | 800,000 | | 22.50 | |
Total | 19,871,387 | $ | 20.58 | | 19,915,189 | $ | 20.58 | |
ii.Cash-settled BPY Awards
The change in the number of options outstanding under the cash-settled BPY Awards at March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019 is as follows:
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Mar. 31, 2020 | | Dec. 31, 2019 | |
| Number of options | Weighted average exercise price | Number of options | Weighted average exercise price |
Outstanding, beginning of period | 603,891 | $ | 21.55 | | 7,331,416 | $ | 20.38 | |
Granted | — | | — | | — | | — | |
Exercised | — | | — | | (19,400) | 12.63 |
Expired/forfeited | — | | — | | — | | — | |
Reclassified(1) | — | | — | | (6,708,125) | | 20.20 | |
Outstanding, end of period | 603,891 | 21.55 | | 603,891 | 21.55 | |
Exercisable, end of period | 505,092 | $ | 21.48 | | 505,092 | $ | 21.48 | |
(1) Relates to the reclassification of cash-settled options for employees in Canada to equity-settled options subsequent to the amendment of the BPY Plan, which was amended on September 30, 2019.
The following table sets out details of options issued and outstanding at March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019 under the cash-settled BPY Awards by expiry date:
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Mar. 31, 2020 | | Dec. 31, 2019 | |
Expiry date | Number of options | Weighted average exercise price | Number of options | Weighted average exercise price |
2020 | — | | $ | — | | — | | $ | — | |
2021 | 24,000 | 17.44 | 24,000 | 17.44 |
2022 | 22,200 | 17.93 | 22,200 | 17.93 |
2023 | 28,800 | 16.80 | 28,800 | 16.80 |
2024 | 175,416 | 20.59 | 175,416 | 20.59 |
2025 | 213,038 | 25.18 | 213,038 | 25.18 |
2026 | 140,437 | 19.51 | 140,437 | | 19.51 | |
| | | | |
Total | 603,891 | $ | 21.55 | | 603,891 | $ | 21.55 | |
b)Restricted BPY LP Unit Plan
The Brookfield Property Group Restricted BPY LP Unit Plan provides for awards to participants of LP Units purchased on the Nasdaq (“Restricted Units”). Under the Restricted BPY LP Unit Plan, units awarded generally vest over a period of five years, except as otherwise determined or for Restricted Units awarded in lieu of a cash bonus as elected by the participant, which may vest immediately. The estimated total compensation cost measured at grant date is evenly recognized over the vesting period of five years.
As of March 31, 2020, the total number of Restricted Units outstanding was 513,451 (December 31, 2019 - 797,674) with a weighted average exercise price of $19.51 (December 31, 2019 - $19.53).
c)Restricted BPY LP Unit Plan (Canada)
The Restricted BPY LP Unit Plan (Canada) is substantially similar to the Restricted BPY LP Unit Plan described above, except that it is for Canadian employees, there is a five-year hold period, and purchases of units are made on the TSX instead of the Nasdaq.
As of March 31, 2020, the total number of Canadian Restricted Units outstanding was 489,035 (December 31, 2019 - 393,980) with a weighted average exercise price of C$25.38 (December 31, 2019 - C$25.59).
d)Restricted BPYU Unit Plan
The Restricted BPYU Unit Plan provides for awards to participants of BPYU Units purchased on the Nasdaq (“Restricted BPYU Units”). Under the Restricted BPYU Unit Plan, units awarded generally vest over a period of five years, except as otherwise determined or for Restricted BPYU Units awarded in lieu of a cash bonus as elected by the participant, which may vest immediately. The estimated total compensation cost measured at grant date is evenly recognized over the vesting period of five years.
As of March 31, 2020, the total number of Restricted BPYU Units outstanding was 1,872,093 (December 31, 2019 - 357,313) with a weighted average exercise price of $19.17 (December 31, 2019 - $19.22) .
e)BPY FV LTIP Unit Plan
The partnership issued units of the operating partnership pursuant to the Brookfield Property Partners BPY FV LTIP Unit Plan (“BPY FV LTIP Unit”) to certain participants. Each BPY FV LTIP Unit will vest over a period of five years and is redeemable for LP Units, BPYU Units or a cash payment subject to a conversion adjustment.
As of March 31, 2020, the total number of BPY FV LTIP Units was 1,894,777 (December 31, 2019 - 1,156,114) with a weighted average exercise price of $18.75 (December 31, 2019 -$18.87)
f)Deferred Share Unit Plan
In addition to the above, BPO has a deferred share unit plan. At March 31, 2020, BPO has 1,514,124 deferred share units (December 31, 2019 - 1,514,124) outstanding and vested.
g)GGP LTIP Plans
In connection with the GGP acquisition, the partnership issued options under the Brookfield Property Partners BPY Unit Option Plan (GGP) (“GGP Options”) and BPY AO LTIP Units of the operating partnership (“AO LTIP Options”) to certain participants. Each GGP Option will vest within ten years following the original grant date and is redeemable for LP Units or a cash payment equal to the amount by which the fair market value of an LP Unit at the date exceeds the exercise price of the BPY Option. Each AO LTIP will vest within ten years of its original grant date and is redeemable for LP Units or a cash payment subject to a conversion adjustment.
As of March 31, 2020, the total number of GGP Options outstanding was 175,799 (December 31, 2019 - 237,881) with a weighted average exercise price of $25.39 (December 31, 2019 - $25.39).
As of March 31, 2020, the total number of AO LTIP Options outstanding was 1,367,496 (December 31, 2019 - 1,657,948) with a weighted average exercise price of $22.51 (December 31, 2019 - $22.51).
NOTE 27. OTHER COMPREHENSIVE INCOME (LOSS)
Other comprehensive income (loss) consists of the following:
| | | | | | | | | | |
| | | Three months ended Mar. 31, | |
(US$ Millions) | | | 2020 | 2019 |
Items that may be reclassified to net income: | | | | |
Foreign currency translation | | | | |
Net unrealized foreign currency translation (losses) gains in respect of foreign operations | | | $ | (1,173) | | $ | 161 | |
Reclassification of realized foreign currency translation gains to net income on dispositions of foreign operations | | | — | | 26 | |
Gains (losses) on hedges of net investments in foreign operations, net of income taxes for the three months ended Mar. 31, 2020 of nil (2019 – $1 million)(1) | | | 819 | | (37) | |
Reclassification gains from hedges of net investment in foreign operation to net income on disposition of foreign operations | | | — | | 2 | |
| | | (354) | | 152 | |
Cash flow hedges | | | | |
Gains (losses) on derivatives designated as cash flow hedges, net of income taxes for the three months ended Mar. 31, 2020 of ($1) million (2019 – ($3) million) | | | (154) | | (32) | |
| | | (154) | | (32) | |
Equity accounted investments | | | | |
Share of unrealized foreign currency translation (losses) gains in respect of foreign operations | | | — | | (1) | |
Reclassification gains from hedges of net investment in foreign operation to net income on disposition of foreign operations | | | — | | 1 | |
Gains (losses) on derivatives designated as cash flow hedges | | | (69) | | (2) | |
| | | (69) | | (2) | |
Items that will not be reclassified to net income: | | | | |
Unrealized (losses) on securities - FVTOCI, net of income taxes for the three months ended Mar. 31, 2020 of $22 million (2019 – $1 million) | | | 22 | | 1 | |
Share of revaluation surplus on equity accounted investments
| | | (21) | | — | |
| | | | |
Revaluation surplus, net of income taxes for the three months ended Mar. 31, 2020 of ($39) million (2019 – nil) | | | (96) | | — | |
| | | (95) | | 1 | |
Total other comprehensive income (loss) | | | $ | (672) | | $ | 119 | |
(1) Unrealized gains (losses) on a number of hedges of net investments in foreign operations are with a related party.
NOTE 28. OBLIGATIONS, GUARANTEES, CONTINGENCIES AND OTHER
In the normal course of operations, the partnership and its consolidated entities execute agreements that provide for indemnification and guarantees to third parties in transactions such as business dispositions, business acquisitions, sales of assets and sales of services.
Certain of the partnership’s operating subsidiaries have also agreed to indemnify their directors and certain of their officers and employees. The nature of substantially all of the indemnification undertakings prevent the partnership from making a reasonable estimate of the maximum potential amount that it could be required to pay third parties as the agreements do not specify a maximum amount and the amounts are dependent upon the outcome of future contingent events, the nature and likelihood of which cannot be determined at this time. Historically, neither the partnership nor its consolidated subsidiaries have made significant payments under such indemnification agreements.
The partnership and its operating subsidiaries may be contingently liable with respect to litigation and claims that arise from time to time in the normal course of business or otherwise.
At March 31, 2020, the partnership has commitments totaling:
•approximately $2,127 million for the development of Manhattan West in Midtown New York, Greenpoint Landing in Brooklyn, 755 Figueroa in Los Angeles and Halley Rise in Washington D.C. as well as the redevelopment of One Allen Center, Two Allen Center, and Three Allen Center in Houston;
•approximately A$281 million ($172 million) for the development of 388 George Street in Sydney; 405 Bourke Street in Melbourne; and Elizabeth Quay in Perth;
•approximately £22 million ($27 million) for the development of 100 Bishopsgate and Principal Place Residential in London; and
•approximately AED 143 million ($39 million) for the development of ICD Brookfield Place in Dubai.
During 2013, Brookfield Asset Management announced the final close on the $4.4 billion Brookfield Strategic Real Estate Partners (“BSREP”) fund, a global private fund focused on making opportunistic investments in commercial property. The partnership, as lead investor, committed
approximately $1.3 billion to the fund. As of March 31, 2020, there remained approximately $170 million of uncontributed capital commitments.
In April 2016, Brookfield Asset Management announced the final close on the $9.0 billion second BSREP fund to which the partnership had committed $2.3 billion as lead investor. As of March 31, 2020, there remained approximately $750 million of uncontributed capital commitments.
In November 2017, Brookfield Asset Management announced the final close on the $2.9 billion fifth Brookfield Real Estate Finance Fund (“BREF”) to which the partnership had committed $400 million. As of March 31, 2020, there remained approximately $210 million of uncontributed capital commitments.
In September 2018, Brookfield Asset Management announced the final close on the $1.0 billion third Brookfield Fairfield U.S. Multifamily Value Add Fund (“VAMF”) to which the partnership had committed $300 million. As of March 31, 2020, there remained approximately $180 million of uncontributed capital commitments.
In January 2019, Brookfield Asset Management announced the final close on the $15.0 billion third BSREP fund to which the partnership has committed $1.0 billion. As of March 31, 2020, there remained approximately $695 million of uncontributed capital commitments.
The partnership maintains insurance on its properties in amounts and with deductibles that it believes are in line with what owners of similar properties carry. The partnership maintains all risk property insurance and rental value coverage (including coverage for the perils of flood, earthquake and named windstorm). The partnership does not conduct its operations, other than those of equity accounted investments, through entities that are not fully or proportionately consolidated in these financial statements, and has not guaranteed or otherwise contractually committed to support any material financial obligations not reflected in these financial statements.
NOTE 29. FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS
a)Derivatives and hedging activities
The partnership and its operating entities use derivative and non-derivative instruments to manage financial risks, including interest rate, commodity, equity price and foreign exchange risks. The use of derivative contracts is governed by documented risk management policies and approved limits. The partnership does not use derivatives for speculative purposes. The partnership and its operating entities use the following derivative instruments to manage these risks:
•foreign currency forward contracts to hedge exposures to Canadian Dollar, Australian Dollar, British Pound, Euro, Chinese Yuan, Brazilian Real, Indian Rupee and South Korean Won denominated net investments in foreign subsidiaries and foreign currency denominated financial assets;
•interest rate swaps to manage interest rate risk associated with planned refinancings and existing variable rate debt;
•interest rate caps to hedge interest rate risk on certain variable rate debt; and
•cross-currency swaps to manage interest rate and foreign currency exchange rates on existing variable rate debt.
The COVID-19 pandemic has impacted business across the globe and we are monitoring its impact on the business. While it is difficult to predict how significant the impact of COVID-19 will be, the business is highly resilient in some of the most critical sectors in the world and have a robust balance sheet with a strong investment grade rating.
There have been no other material changes to the partnership’s financial risk exposure or risk management activities since December 31, 2019. Please refer to Note 35, Financial Instruments in the December 31, 2019 annual report on Form 20-F for a detailed description of the partnership’s financial risk exposure and risk management activities.
Interest Rate Hedging
The following table provides the partnership’s outstanding derivatives that are designated as cash flow hedges of variability in interest rates associated with forecasted fixed rate financings and existing variable rate debt as of March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019:
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
(US$ Millions) | Hedging item(1) | Notional | Rates | Maturity dates | Fair value |
Mar. 31, 2020 | Interest rate caps of US$ LIBOR debt | $ | 7,803 | | 2.7% - 6.0% | | May. 2020 - Sep. 2023 | $ | — | |
| Interest rate swaps of US$ LIBOR debt | 2,719 | | 1.4% - 2.7% | | Oct. 2020 - Feb. 2024 | (124) | |
| Interest rate caps of £ LIBOR debt | 2,901 | | 2.0% - 2.5% | | Jan. 2021 - Jan. 2022 | — | |
| Interest rate swaps of £ LIBOR debt | 65 | | 1.5% | | Apr. 2020 | — | |
| Interest rate caps of € EURIBOR debt | 110 | | 1.3% | | Apr. 2021 | — | |
| Interest rate caps of C$ LIBOR debt | 171 | | 3.0% | | Oct. 2020 - Oct. 2022 | — | |
| | | | | |
| Interest rate swaps of AUD BBSW/BBSY debt | 356 | | 0.8% - 1.6% | | Apr. 2023 - Apr. 2024 | (7) | |
| Cross currency swaps of C$ LIBOR Debt | 800 | | 4.1% - 5.0% | | Oct. 2021 - Jul. 2023 | (59) | |
Dec. 31, 2019 | Interest rate caps of US$ LIBOR debt | $ | 7,774 | | 2.7% - 6.0% | | May. 2020 - Sep. 2023 | $ | — | |
| Interest rate swaps of US$ LIBOR debt | 2,877 | | 1.4% - 2.7% | | Feb. 2020 - Feb. 2024 | (57) | |
| Interest rate caps of £ LIBOR debt | 3,096 | | 2.0% - 2.5% | | Jan. 2021 - Jan. 2022 | — | |
| Interest rate swaps of £ LIBOR debt | 74 | | 1.5% | | Apr. 2020 | — | |
| Interest rate caps of € EURIBOR debt | 109 | | 1.3% | | Apr. 2021 | — | |
| Interest rate caps of C$ LIBOR debt | 184 | | 3.0% | | Oct. 2020 - Oct. 2022 | — | |
| Cross currency swaps of C$ LIBOR Debt | 600 | | 4.3% - 5.0% | | Oct. 2021 - Mar. 2024 | (95) | |
(1)As of March 31, 2020, included in derivative liabilities is $19 million of fair value loss relating to settled interest rate swaps that are being amortized over the term of the associated debt.
For the three months ended March 31, 2020, the amount of hedge ineffectiveness recorded in earnings in connection with the partnership’s interest rate hedging activities was nil (2019 - $2 million).
Foreign Currency Hedging
The following table provides the partnership’s outstanding derivatives that are designated as net investments of foreign subsidiaries or foreign currency cash flow hedges as of March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019:
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
(US$ Millions) | Hedging item | | Notional | Rates | Maturity dates | Fair value |
Mar. 31, 2020 | Net investment hedges | € | 191 | | €0.85/$ - €1.15/$ | Jun. 2020 - Sep. 2021 | $ | 6 | |
| Net investment hedges | £ | 983 | | £0.75/$ - £1.32/$ | Apr. 2020 - Mar. 2022 | 174 | |
| Net investment hedges | A$ | 132 | | A$0.66/$ - A$0.69/$ | Sep. 2020 - Jun. 2021 | (7) | |
| Net investment hedges | C¥ | 962 | | C¥6.75/$ - C¥7.16/$ | Apr. 2020 - Jun. 2021 | 2 | |
| Net investment hedges | C$ | 167 | | C$1.31/$ - C$1.46/$ | Jun. 2020 - Sep. 2021 | 6 | |
| Net investment hedges | R$ | — | | R$4.16/$ - R$5.03/$ | Apr. 2020 - Jun. 2020 | 66 | |
| Net investment hedges | ₩ | 720,095 | | ₩1,149.50/$ - ₩1,217.90/$ | Jun. 2020 - Mar. 2021 | 14 | |
| Net investment hedges | Rs | — | | Rs72.01/$ - Rs73.01/$ | Apr. 2020 - Apr. 2020 | — | |
| Net investment hedges | £ | 77 | | £0.89/€ - £0.93/€ | Apr. 2020 - Apr. 2021 | — | |
| Cross currency swaps of C$ LIBOR debt | C$ | 1,100 | | C$1.20/$ - C$1.34/$ | Jul. 2023 - Jan. 2027 | (55) | |
Dec. 31, 2019 | Net investment hedges | € | 245 | | €0.85/$ - €0.91/$ | Mar. 2020 - Jul. 2020 | $ | 7 | |
| Net investment hedges | £ | 2,444 | | £0.74/$ - £0.85/$ | Jan. 2020 - Sep. 2021 | (247) | |
| Net investment hedges | A$ | 238 | | A$1.38/$ - A$1.48/$ | Mar. 2020 - Mar. 2021 | (5) | |
| Net investment hedges | C¥ | 962 | | C¥6.75/$ - C¥7.16/$ | Apr. 2020 - Jun. 2021 | — | |
| Net investment hedges | C$ | 355 | | C$1.31/$ - C$1.33/$ | Jun. 2020 - Sep. 2021 | — | |
| Net investment hedges | R$ | 1,582 | | R$4.16/$ - R$4.16/$ | Jun. 2020 - Jun. 2020 | (10) | |
| Net investment hedges | ₩ | 720,095 | | ₩1,149.50/$ - ₩1,174.30/$ | Mar. 2020 - Mar. 2021 | (7) | |
| Net investment hedges | Rs | — | | Rs71.78/$ - Rs73.01/$ | Mar. 2020 - Apr. 2020 | — | |
| Net investment hedges | £ | 77 | | £0.88/€ - £0.93/€ | Jan. 2020 - Apr. 2021 | — | |
| Cross currency swaps of C$ LIBOR debt | C$ | 800 | | C$1.29/$ - C$1.33/$ | Oct. 2021 - Jul. 2023 | (8) | |
For the three months ended March 31, 2020 and 2019, the amount of hedge ineffectiveness recorded in earnings in connection with the partnership’s foreign currency hedging activities was not significant.
Other Derivatives
The following table presents details of the partnership’s other derivatives, not designated as hedges for accounting purposes, that have been entered into to manage financial risks as of March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019:
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
(US$ Millions) | Derivative type | Notional |
Rates | Maturity dates | Fair value |
Mar. 31, 2020 | Interest rate caps | $ | 7,112 | | 3.0% - 5.0% | | Apr. 2020 - Feb. 2027 | $ | — | |
| Interest rate swaps on forecasted fixed rate debt | 1,285 | | 2.7% - 6.4% | | Jun. 2020 - Sep. 2031 | (313) | |
| Interest rate swaps of US$ debt | 2,001 | | 1.8% - 4.6% | | Nov. 2020 - Sep. 2023 | (43) | |
| Interest rate swaptions | 800 | | 2.0 | % | Oct. 2030 - Mar. 2031 | 2 | |
Dec. 31, 2019 | Interest rate caps | $ | 5,663 | | 2.5% - 5.0% | | Mar. 2020 - Nov. 2021 | $ | — | |
| Interest rate swaps on forecasted fixed rate debt | 1,285 | | 1.1% - 6.4% | | Jun. 2020 - Sep. 2031 | (149) | |
| Interest rate swaps of US$ debt | 2,003 | | 1.7% - 4.6% | | Nov. 2020 - Sep. 2023 | (14) | |
| | | | | |
For the three months ended March 31, 2020, the partnership recognized fair value losses, net of approximately $52 million (2019 - losses of $30 million), respectively, related to the settlement of certain forward starting interest rate swaps that have not been designated as hedges.
b)Measurement and classification of financial instruments
Classification and Measurement
The following table outlines the classification and measurement basis, and related fair value for disclosures, of the financial assets and liabilities in the interim condensed consolidated financial statements:
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Mar. 31, 2020 | | Dec. 31, 2019 | |
(US$ Millions) | Classification and measurement basis | Carrying value | Fair value | Carrying value | Fair value |
Financial assets | | | | | |
Loans and notes receivable | Amortized cost | $ | 178 | | $ | 178 | | $ | 329 | | $ | 329 | |
Other non-current assets | | | | | |
Securities - FVTPL | FVTPL | 1,358 | | 1,358 | | 1,250 | | 1,250 | |
Derivative assets | FVTPL | 100 | | 100 | | 10 | | 10 | |
Securities - FVTOCI | FVTOCI | 81 | | 81 | | 121 | | 121 | |
Restricted cash | Amortized cost | 128 | | 128 | | 154 | | 154 | |
Current assets | | | | | |
Derivative assets | FVTPL | 242 | | 242 | | 80 | | 80 | |
Accounts receivable(1) | Amortized cost | 473 | | 473 | | 514 | | 514 | |
Restricted cash | Amortized cost | 128 | | 128 | | 239 | | 239 | |
Cash and cash equivalents | Amortized cost | 1,776 | | 1,776 | | 1,438 | | 1,438 | |
Total financial assets | | $ | 4,464 | | $ | 4,464 | | $ | 4,135 | | $ | 4,135 | |
Financial liabilities | | | | | |
Debt obligations(2) | Amortized cost | $ | 55,130 | | $ | 55,265 | | $ | 55,528 | | $ | 56,112 | |
Capital securities | Amortized cost | 2,156 | | 2,156 | | 2,153 | | 2,160 | |
Capital securities - fund subsidiaries | FVTPL | 956 | | 956 | | 922 | | 922 | |
Other non-current liabilities | | | | | |
Loan payable | FVTPL | — | | — | | — | | — | |
Accounts payable | Amortized cost | 860 | | 860 | | 778 | | 778 | |
Derivative liabilities | FVTPL | 481 | | 481 | | 413 | | 413 | |
Accounts payable and other liabilities | | | | | |
Accounts payable and other(3) | Amortized cost | 2,447 | | 2,447 | | 2,711 | | 2,711 | |
Derivative liabilities | FVTPL | 215 | | 215 | | 289 | | 289 | |
Total financial liabilities | | $ | 62,245 | | $ | 62,380 | | $ | 62,794 | | $ | 63,385 | |
(1)Includes other receivables associated with assets classified as held for sale on the condensed consolidated balance sheet in the amount of $4 million and $4 million as of March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019, respectively.
(2) Includes debt obligations associated with assets classified as held for sale on the condensed consolidated balance sheet in the amount of $190 million and$138 million as of March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019, respectively.
(3) Includes accounts payable and other liabilities associated with assets classified as held for sale on the condensed consolidated balance sheet in the amount of $4 million and $2 million as of March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019, respectively.
Fair Value Hierarchy
Fair value is defined as the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date (i.e., an exit price). Fair value measurement establishes a hierarchy of valuation techniques based on whether the inputs to those valuation techniques are observable or unobservable. Quoted market prices (unadjusted) in active markets represent a Level 1 valuation. When quoted market prices in active markets are not available, the partnership maximizes the use of observable inputs
within valuation models. When all significant inputs are observable, either directly or indirectly, the valuation is classified as Level 2. Valuations that require the significant use of unobservable inputs are considered Level 3, which reflect the partnership’s market assumptions and are noted below. This hierarchy requires the use of observable market data when available.
The following table outlines financial assets and liabilities measured at fair value in the consolidated financial statements and the level of the inputs used to determine those fair values in the context of the hierarchy as defined above:
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Mar. 31, 2020 | | | | Dec. 31, 2019 | | | |
(US$ Millions) | Level 1 | Level 2 | Level 3 | Total | Level 1 | Level 2 | Level 3 | Total |
Financial assets | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | |
Securities - FVTPL | — | | — | | 1,358 | | 1,358 | | — | | — | | 1,250 | | 1,250 | |
Securities - FVTOCI | — | | — | | 81 | | 81 | | — | | — | | 121 | | 121 | |
Derivative assets | — | | 342 | | — | | 342 | | — | | 90 | | — | | 90 | |
Total financial assets | $ | — | | $ | 342 | | $ | 1,439 | | $ | 1,781 | | $ | — | | $ | 90 | | $ | 1,371 | | $ | 1,461 | |
| | | | | | | | |
Financial liabilities | | | | | | | | |
Capital securities - fund subsidiaries | $ | — | | $ | — | | $ | 956 | | $ | 956 | | $ | — | | $ | — | | $ | 922 | | $ | 922 | |
Derivative liabilities | — | | 696 | | — | | 696 | | — | | 702 | | — | | 702 | |
Loan payable | — | | — | | — | | — | | — | | — | | — | | — | |
Total financial liabilities | $ | — | | $ | 696 | | $ | 956 | | $ | 1,652 | | $ | — | | $ | 702 | | $ | 922 | | $ | 1,624 | |
There were no transfers between levels during the three months ended March 31, 2020 and the year ended December 31, 2019.
The following table presents the change in the balance of financial assets and financial liabilities accounted for at fair value categorized as Level 3 as of March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019:
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Mar. 31, 2020 | | | | Dec. 31, 2019 | | | |
(US$ Millions) | Financial assets | | Financial liabilities | | Financial assets | | Financial liabilities | |
Balance, beginning of period | $ | 1,371 | | $ | 922 | | $ | 767 | | $ | 838 | |
Acquisitions | | 136 | | | — | | | 950 | | | — | |
Dispositions | | (43) | | | — | | | (125) | | | — | |
Fair value gains, net and OCI | | (2) | | | 42 | | | 206 | | | 8 | |
Other | | (23) | | | (8) | | | (427) | | | 76 | |
Balance, end of period | $ | 1,439 | | $ | 956 | | $ | 1,371 | | $ | 922 | |
NOTE 30. RELATED PARTIES
In the normal course of operations, the partnership enters into transactions with related parties. These transactions have been measured at exchange value and are recognized in the consolidated financial statements. The immediate parent of the partnership is Brookfield Property Partners Limited. The ultimate parent of the partnership is Brookfield Asset Management. Other related parties of the partnership include Brookfield Asset Management’s subsidiaries and operating entities, certain joint ventures and associates accounted for under the equity method, as well as officers of such entities and their spouses.
The partnership has a management agreement with its service providers, wholly-owned subsidiaries of Brookfield Asset Management. Pursuant to a Master Services Agreement, the partnership pays a base management fee (“base management fee”), to the service providers equal to 0.5% of the total capitalization of the partnership, subject to an annual minimum of $50 million plus annual inflation adjustments. The amount of the equity enhancement distribution is reduced by the amount by which the base management fee is greater than $50 million per annum, plus annual inflation adjustments.
The base management fee for the three months ended March 31, 2020 was $14 million (2019 - $24 million). The equity enhancement distribution for the three months ended March 31, 2020 was nil (2019 - $4 million).
In connection with the issuance of preferred equity units of the operating partnership to a third party in the fourth quarter of 2014, Brookfield Asset Management contingently agreed to acquire the seven-year and ten-year tranches of preferred equity units from the Unitholder for the initial issuance price plus accrued and unpaid distributions and to exchange such units for Preferred Equity Units with terms and conditions substantially similar to the twelve-year tranche to the extent that the market price of the LP Units is less than 80% of the exchange price at maturity.
The following table summarizes transactions with related parties:
| | | | | | | | |
(US$ Millions) | Mar. 31, 2020 | Dec. 31, 2019 |
Balances outstanding with related parties: | | |
Net (payables)/receivables within equity accounted investments | (80) | | (81) | |
Loans and notes receivable | 106 | | 102 | |
Receivables and other assets | 16 | | 17 | |
| | |
| | |
| | |
Loans and notes payable and other liabilities | (214) | | (196) | |
| | |
Preferred shares held by Brookfield Asset Management | (15) | | (15) | |
| | | | | | | | | | |
| | | Three months ended Mar. 31, | |
(US$ Millions) | | | 2020 | 2019 |
Transactions with related parties: | | | | |
Commercial property revenue(1) | | | $ | 7 | | $ | 13 | |
Management fee income | | | 10 | | 1 | |
Participating loan interests (including fair value gains, net) | | | — | | 9 | |
Interest expense on debt obligations | | | 7 | | 17 | |
Interest on capital securities held by Brookfield Asset Management | | | — | | 7 | |
General and administrative expense(2) | | | 38 | | 50 | |
Construction costs(3) | | | 118 | | 202 | |
Incentive fees | | | 6 | | — | |
(1)Amounts received from Brookfield Asset Management and its subsidiaries for the rental of office premises.
(2)Includes amounts paid to Brookfield Asset Management and its subsidiaries for management fees, management fees associated with the partnership’s investments in private funds, and administrative services.
(3)Includes amounts paid to Brookfield Asset Management and its subsidiaries for construction costs of development properties.
NOTE 31. SUBSIDIARY PUBLIC ISSUERS
BOP Split was incorporated for the purpose of being an issuer of preferred shares and owning a portion of the partnership’s investment in BPO common shares. Pursuant to the terms of a Plan of Arrangement, holders of outstanding BPO Class AAA Preferred Shares Series G, H, J and K, which were convertible into BPO common shares, were able to exchange their shares for BOP Split Senior Preferred Shares, subject to certain conditions. The BOP Split Senior Preferred shares are listed on the TSX and began trading on June 11, 2014. All shares issued by BOP Split are retractable by the holders at any time for cash.
In connection with an internal restructuring completed in July 2016, the partnership and certain of its related entities agreed to guarantee all of BPO’s Class AAA Preferred Shares and all of BPO’s debt securities issued pursuant to BPO’s indenture dated December 8, 2009.
In April 2018, the partnership formed two subsidiaries, Brookfield Property Finance ULC and Brookfield Property Preferred Equity Inc. to act as issuers of debt and preferred securities, respectively. The partnership and certain of its related entities have agreed to guarantee securities issued by these entities.
The following table provides consolidated summary financial information for the partnership, BOP Split, BPO, Brookfield Property Finance ULC, Brookfield Property Preferred Equity Inc. and the holding entities:
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
(US$ Millions) For the three months ended Mar. 31, 2020 | Brookfield Property Partners L.P. | BOP Split | BPO | Brookfield Property Preferred Equity Inc. | Brookfield Property Finance ULC | Holding entities(2) | Additional holding entities and eliminations(3) | Consolidating adjustments(4) | Brookfield Property Partners L.P consolidated |
Revenue | $ | — | | $ | 64 | | $ | 39 | | $ | — | | $ | 15 | | $ | 200 | | $ | 4 | | $ | 1,578 | | $ | 1,900 | |
Net income attributable to unitholders(1) | (244) | | 56 | | 27 | | — | | 112 | | (486) | | (73) | | 122 | | (486) | |
For the three months ended Mar. 31, 2019 | | | | | | | | | |
Revenue | $ | — | | $ | 11 | | $ | 30 | | $ | — | | $ | 8 | | $ | 556 | | $ | 194 | | $ | 1,274 | | $ | 2,073 | |
Net income attributable to unitholders(1) | 162 | | 107 | | 449 | | — | | 8 | | 333 | | 379 | | (1,105) | | 333 | |
(1)Includes net income attributable to LP Units, GP Units, Redeemable/Exchangeable Partnership Units, Special LP Units, Exchange LP Units, FV LTIP Units and BPYU Units.
(2)Includes the operating partnership, Brookfield BPY Holdings Inc., Brookfield BPY Retail Holdings II Inc., BPY Bermuda Holdings Limited, and BPY Bermuda Holdings II Limited.
(3)Includes BPY Bermuda Holdings IV Limited, BPY Bermuda Holdings V Limited and BPY Bermuda Holdings VI Limited, which serve as guarantors for BPO but not BOP Split, net of intercompany balances and transactions with other holding entities.
(4)Includes elimination of intercompany transactions and balances necessary to present the partnership on a consolidated basis.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
(US$ Millions) As of Mar. 31, 2020 | Brookfield Property Partners L.P. | BOP Split | BPO | Brookfield Property Preferred Equity Inc. | Brookfield Property Finance ULC | Holding entities(2) | Additional holding entities and eliminations(3) | Consolidating adjustments(4) | Brookfield Property Partners L.P consolidated |
Current assets | $ | — | | $ | 538 | | $ | 81 | | $ | — | | $ | 1,006 | | $ | 8,419 | | $ | 181 | | $ | (6,879) | | $ | 3,346 | |
Non-current assets | 13,935 | | 30,589 | | 23,397 | | — | | 397 | | 32,348 | | 2,088 | | 3,409 | | 106,163 | |
Assets held for sale | — | | — | | — | | — | | — | | — | | — | | 552 | | 552 | |
Current liabilities | — | | 3,229 | | 218 | | — | | 14 | | 6,108 | | 1,446 | | 1,381 | | 12,396 | |
Non-current liabilities | — | | 7,086 | | 6,392 | | — | | 1,352 | | 6,864 | | 468 | | 31,518 | | 53,680 | |
Liabilities associated with assets held for sale | — | | — | | — | | — | | — | | — | | — | | 194 | | 194 | |
Preferred equity | 699 | | — | | — | | — | | — | | — | | — | | — | | 699 | |
Equity attributable to interests of others in operating subsidiaries and properties | — | | — | | 2,284 | | — | | — | | — | | — | | 13,712 | | 15,996 | |
Equity attributable to unitholders(1) | $ | 13,236 | | $ | 20,812 | | $ | 14,584 | | $ | — | | $ | 37 | | $ | 27,795 | | $ | 355 | | $ | (49,723) | | $ | 27,096 | |
(1)Includes net income attributable to LP Units, GP Units, Redeemable/Exchangeable Partnership Units, Special LP Units, Exchange LP Units, FV LTIP Units and BPYU Units.
(2)Includes the operating partnership, Brookfield BPY Holdings Inc., Brookfield BPY Retail Holdings II Inc., BPY Bermuda Holdings Limited, and BPY Bermuda Holdings II Limited.
(3)Includes BPY Bermuda Holdings IV Limited, BPY Bermuda Holdings V Limited and BPY Bermuda Holdings VI Limited, which serve as guarantors for BPO but not BOP Split, net of intercompany balances and transactions with other holding entities.
(4)Includes elimination of intercompany transactions and balances necessary to present the partnership on a consolidated basis.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
(US$ Millions) As of Dec. 31, 2019 | Brookfield Property Partners L.P. | BOP Split | BPO | Brookfield Property Preferred Equity Inc. | Brookfield Property Finance ULC | Holding entities(2) | Additional holding entities and eliminations(3) | Consolidating adjustments(4) | Brookfield Property Partners L.P consolidated |
Current assets | $ | — | | $ | 12 | | $ | 127 | | $ | — | | $ | 673 | | $ | 8,436 | | $ | 176 | | $ | (6,522) | | $ | 2,902 | |
Non-current assets | 14,517 | | 11,739 | | 23,830 | | — | | 429 | | 29,367 | | 2,049 | | 26,423 | | 108,354 | |
Assets held for sale | — | | — | | — | | — | | — | | — | | — | | 387 | | 387 | |
Current liabilities | — | | 995 | | 131 | | — | | 15 | | 5,981 | | 1,129 | | 4,075 | | 12,326 | |
Non-current liabilities | — | | 6,173 | | 6,744 | | — | | 1,078 | | 2,871 | | 519 | | 36,857 | | 54,242 | |
Liabilities associated with assets held for sale | — | | — | | — | | — | | — | | — | | — | | 140 | | 140 | |
Preferred equity | 420 | | — | | — | | — | | — | | — | | — | | — | | 420 | |
Equity attributable to interests of others in operating subsidiaries and properties | — | | — | | 2,284 | | — | | — | | — | | — | | 13,701 | | 15,985 | |
Equity attributable to unitholders(1) | $ | 14,097 | | $ | 4,583 | | $ | 14,798 | | $ | — | | $ | 9 | | $ | 28,951 | | $ | 577 | | $ | (34,485) | | $ | 28,530 | |
(1)Includes net income attributable to LP Units, GP Units, Redeemable/Exchangeable Partnership Units, Special LP Units, Exchange LP Units, FV LTIP Units and BPYU Units.
(2)Includes the operating partnership, Brookfield BPY Holdings Inc., Brookfield BPY Retail Holdings II Inc., BPY Bermuda Holdings Limited, and BPY Bermuda Holdings II Limited.
(3)Includes BPY Bermuda Holdings IV Limited, BPY Bermuda Holdings V Limited and BPY Bermuda Holdings VI Limited, which serve as guarantors for BPO but not BOP Split, net of intercompany balances and transactions with other holding entities.
(4)Includes elimination of intercompany transactions and balances necessary to present the partnership on a consolidated basis.
NOTE 32. SEGMENT INFORMATION
a)Operating segments
IFRS 8, Operating Segments, requires operating segments to be determined based on internal reports that are regularly reviewed by the chief operating decision maker (“CODM”) for the purpose of allocating resources to the segment and to assessing its performance. The partnership’s operating segments are organized into four reportable segments: i) Core Office, ii) Core Retail, iii) LP Investments and iv) Corporate. This is consistent with how the partnership presents financial information to the CODM and investors. These segments are independently and regularly reviewed and managed by the Chief Executive Officer, who is considered the CODM.
b)Basis of measurement
The CODM measures and evaluates the performance of the partnership’s operating segments based on funds from operations (“FFO”). This performance metric does not have standardized meanings prescribed by IFRS and therefore may differ from similar metrics used by other companies and organizations. Management believes that while not an IFRS measure, FFO is the most consistent metric to measure the partnership’s financial statements and for the purpose of allocating resources and assessing its performance.
The partnership defines FFO as net income, prior to fair value gains, net, depreciation and amortization of real estate assets, and income taxes less non-controlling interests of others in operating subsidiaries and properties share of these items. When determining FFO, the partnership also includes its proportionate share of the FFO of unconsolidated partnerships and joint ventures and associates.
c)Reportable segment measures
The following summaries present certain financial information regarding the partnership’s operating segments for the three months ended March 31, 2020 and 2019:
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
(US$ Millions) | Total revenue | | FFO | |
Three months ended Mar. 31, | 2020 | 2019 | 2020 | 2019 |
Core Office | $ | 530 | | $ | 513 | | $ | 121 | | $ | 124 | |
Core Retail | 444 | | 379 | | 188 | | 167 | |
LP Investments | 924 | | 1,178 | | 49 | | 75 | |
Corporate | 2 | | 3 | | (84) | | (108) | |
Total | $ | 1,900 | | $ | 2,073 | | $ | 274 | | $ | 258 | |
The following summaries presents the detail of total revenue from the partnership’s operating segments for the three months ended March 31, 2020 and 2019:
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
(US$ Millions) | Lease revenue | Other revenue from tenants | Hospitality revenue | Investment and other revenue | Total revenue |
Three months ended Mar. 31, 2020 | | | | | |
Core Office | $ | 369 | | $ | 115 | | $ | 7 | | $ | 39 | | $ | 530 | |
Core Retail | 296 | | 75 | | — | | 73 | | 444 | |
LP Investments | 478 | | 71 | | 359 | | 16 | | 924 | |
Corporate | — | | — | | — | | 2 | | 2 | |
Total | $ | 1,143 | | $ | 261 | | $ | 366 | | $ | 130 | | $ | 1,900 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
(US$ Millions) | Lease revenue | Other revenue from tenants | Hospitality revenue | Investment and other revenue | Total revenue |
Three months ended Mar. 31, 2019 | | | | | |
Core Office | $ | 387 | | $ | 84 | | $ | 2 | | $ | 40 | | $ | 513 | |
Core Retail | 263 | | 77 | | — | | 39 | | 379 | |
LP Investments | 583 | | 80 | | 489 | | 26 | | 1,178 | |
Corporate | — | | — | | — | | 3 | | 3 | |
Total | $ | 1,233 | | $ | 241 | | $ | 491 | | $ | 108 | | $ | 2,073 | |
The following summary presents information about certain consolidated balance sheet items of the partnership, on a segmented basis, as of March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019:
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
|
Total assets | |
Total liabilities | |
(US$ Millions) | Mar. 31, 2020 | Dec. 31, 2019 | Mar. 31, 2020 | | Dec. 31, 2019 | |
Core Office | $ | 35,878 | | $ | 36,758 | | $ | 17,299 | | $ | 17,592 | |
Core Retail | 32,465 | | 32,921 | | 16,895 | | 16,996 | |
LP Investments | 41,460 | | 41,838 | | 27,093 | | 27,457 | |
Corporate | 258 | | 126 | | 4,983 | | 4,663 | |
Total | $ | 110,061 | | $ | 111,643 | | $ | 66,270 | | $ | 66,708 | |
The following summary presents a reconciliation of FFO to net income for the three months ended March 31, 2020 and 2019:
| | | | | | | | | | |
| | | Three months ended Mar. 31, | |
(US$ Millions) | | | 2020 | 2019 |
FFO(1) | | | $ | 274 | | $ | 258 | |
Depreciation and amortization of real estate assets | | | (69) | | (69) | |
Fair value gains, net | | | (310) | | 370 | |
Share of equity accounted income - non-FFO | | | (250) | | 27 | |
Income tax expense | | | (161) | | (88) | |
Non-controlling interests of others in operating subsidiaries and properties – non-FFO | | | 30 | | (165) | |
Net (loss) income attributable to unitholders(2) | | | (486) | | 333 | |
Non-controlling interests of others in operating subsidiaries and properties | | | 113 | | 380 | |
Net (loss) income | | | $ | (373) | | $ | 713 | |
(1) FFO represents interests attributable to GP Units, LP Units, Exchange LP Units, Redeemable/Exchangeable Partnership Units, Special LP Units, FV LTIP Units and BPYU Units.. The interests attributable to Exchange LP Units, Redeemable/Exchangeable Partnership Units, Special LP Units, FV LTIP Units and BPYU Units are presented as non-controlling interests in the consolidated statements of income.
(2) Includes net income attributable to GP Units, LP Units, Exchange LP Units, Redeemable/Exchangeable Partnership Units, Special LP Units, FV LTIP Units and BPYU Units. The interests attributable to Exchange LP Units, Redeemable/Exchangeable Partnership Units, Special LP Units, FV LTIP Units and BPYU Units are presented as non-controlling interests in the consolidated statements of income.
NOTE 33. SUBSEQUENT EVENTS
In April 2020, Brookfield Asset Management made $350 million in on-demand deposits to the partnership.
On May 7, 2020, the board of directors declared a quarterly distribution on the partnership’s LP Units of $0.3325 per unit ($1.33 on an annualized basis) payable on June 30, 2020 to unitholders of record at the close of business on May 29, 2020.
On May 8, 2020, the purchase sale agreement for the Diplomat, which was classified as held for sale as of March 31, 2020, was terminated by the third-party purchaser.
As noted throughout this document, in March 2020, the World Health Organization declared COVID-19 to be a global pandemic which has resulted in the enactment of emergency measures to contain the spread across the world. Travel bans, quarantines, physical and social distancing, and the closure of non-essential businesses have all been put into place as precautious measures and have resulted in a material disruption to businesses around the globe. At this time, it is not possible to forecast with certainty the duration and full scope of the economic impact of COVID-19 and other consequential changes it will have on our business and operations, both in the short term and in the long term.