Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (Policies) | 9 Months Ended |
Sep. 30, 2013 |
Accounting Policies [Abstract] | ' |
Basis of Accounting and Principles of Consolidation | ' |
Basis of Accounting and Principles of Consolidation |
The accompanying interim unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements of the Company have been prepared in accordance with the rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission, or the SEC. Certain information and note disclosures normally included in financial statements prepared in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles, or GAAP, have been condensed or omitted according to such SEC rules and regulations. Management believes, however, that the disclosures included in these interim condensed consolidated financial statements are adequate to make the information presented not misleading. The accompanying condensed consolidated financial statements should be read in conjunction with our audited consolidated financial statements for the period from March 30, 2012 (inception) through December 31, 2012, included in the Company’s prospectus dated May 8, 2013 and filed with the SEC on May 9, 2013. In the opinion of management, the unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements include the normal, recurring adjustments necessary for a fair statement of the information required to be set forth therein. The results of operations for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2013 are not necessarily indicative of the results to be expected for the entire year. |
The accompanying condensed consolidated financial statements include the accounts of American Residential Properties, Inc., our Operating Partnership and the wholly owned subsidiaries of our Operating Partnership. All majority-owned subsidiaries are consolidated and included in our condensed consolidated financial statements. All intercompany accounts and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation. |
Use of Estimates | ' |
Use of Estimates |
The preparation of consolidated financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the amounts reported in the consolidated financial statements and accompanying notes. Actual results could differ materially from those estimates. |
Reclassifications | ' |
Reclassifications |
Certain reclassifications have been made to prior period balances to conform to the current period presentation. |
Investment in Real Estate | ' |
Investment in Real Estate |
Property acquired not subject to an existing lease is accounted for as an asset acquisition, with the property recorded at the purchase price, including acquisition costs, and allocated between land and building and improvements based upon their relative fair values at the date of acquisition. Property acquired with an existing lease is recorded as a business combination. For properties acquired through portfolio transactions, we determine whether the acquisition qualifies as a business combination based on the nature and status of the properties as of the acquisition date. A portfolio comprised of properties that are substantially leased at acquisition is treated as a business combination. A portfolio comprised of properties that are substantially vacant at acquisition is treated as an asset acquisition. For property acquisitions accounted for as business combinations, the land, building and improvements and the existing lease are recorded at fair value at the date of acquisition, with acquisition costs expensed as incurred. |
Fair value is determined under the guidance of Accounting Standards Codification, or ASC, Topic 820, Fair Value Measurements, primarily based on unobservable market data inputs, which are categorized as Level 3 inputs. In making estimates of fair values for purposes of allocating purchase price, we utilize our market knowledge and published market data. Our real estate portfolio is depreciated using the straight-line method over the estimated useful lives of the respective assets, ranging from 5 to 27.5 years. |
We sometimes acquire portfolios of leased properties from established local operators through our “preferred operator” program. In this program, we acquire portfolios of leased properties for which the operator retains day-to-day management responsibilities pursuant to a longer-term lease. In these arrangements, the operator is responsible for all property-related expenses and we receive payments from the operator that escalate over the term of the lease. In-place lease intangibles associated with the preferred operator program are valued based on management’s estimates of lost rent and carrying costs. In-place lease intangibles associated with the acquisition of self-managed homes are valued based on management’s estimate of lost rent during the time it would take to locate a tenant and execute a lease if the property were vacant, considering current market conditions and costs to execute similar leases. In estimating lost rent and carrying costs, management considers market rents, real estate taxes, insurance, costs to execute similar leases (including leasing commissions) and other related costs. The value assigned to in-place leases is amortized on a straight-line basis as a component of depreciation and amortization expense over the remaining initial term of the related lease. The leases reflect market rental rates. |
We incur costs to prepare our acquired properties to be rented. These costs (including direct internal costs) are capitalized and allocated to building costs. Costs related to the restoration or improvement of our properties (including direct internal costs, primarily comprised of payroll expense) that improve and extend their useful lives are capitalized and depreciated over their estimated useful lives. Expenditures for ordinary repairs and maintenance are expensed as incurred. |
Impairment of Long-Lived Assets | ' |
Impairment of Long-Lived Assets |
We evaluate our long-lived assets for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that their carrying amount may not be recoverable. Significant indicators of impairment may include, but are not limited to, declines in home values, rental rates and occupancy percentages and significant changes in the economy. We make our assessment at the individual property level because it represents the lowest level of cash flows. If an impairment indicator exists, we compare the expected future undiscounted cash flows from the property against its net carrying amount. We prepare our future undiscounted cash flow analysis using estimates based on current rental rates, renewals and occupancy, operating expenses and inputs from our annual planning process and historical performance. When preparing these estimates, we consider each property’s historical results, current operating trends and current market conditions. These estimates may be impacted by variable factors, including inflation, expected rental rates, the general health of the economy and market competition. If the sum of the estimated undiscounted cash flows is less than the net carrying amount of the property, we record an impairment loss for the difference between the estimated fair value of the individual property and the carrying amount of the property at that date. To determine the estimated fair value, we consider both recent comparable homes sales and the use of discounted projected future cash flows. The rates used to discount projected future cash flows reflect market discount rates. |
Mortgage Financings | ' |
Mortgage Financings |
We hold mortgage financing receivables for investment. The receivables are carried at cost, net of related unamortized premiums or discounts, if any. The mortgage loans are secured by single-family homes. |
Interest income on mortgage financings is recognized on the effective interest method applied on a loan-by-loan basis. Direct costs, if any, associated with funding loans are offset against any related fees received and the balance, along with any premium or discount, is deferred and amortized as an adjustment to interest income over the terms of the related loans using the effective interest method. |
Rents and Other Receivables, Net | ' |
Rents and Other Receivables, Net |
We maintain an allowance for doubtful accounts for estimated losses that may result from the inability of tenants, preferred operators or borrowers to make required rent or other payments. This allowance is estimated based on payment history and current credit status. If a tenant, preferred operator or borrower fails to make contractual payments beyond any allowance, we may recognize bad debt expense in future periods equal to the amount of unpaid rent, interest or principal and deferred rent. We generally do not require collateral or other security from our tenants, other than security deposits. Mortgage loans are secured by single-family homes. If estimates of collectibility differ from the cash received, then the timing and amount of our reported revenue could be impacted. |
Investments in Unconsolidated Ventures | ' |
Investments in Unconsolidated Ventures |
Investments in ventures are generally accounted for under the equity method of accounting when we exercise significant influence over the venture but we do not serve as managing member or control the venture. Net income/loss allocations are included in the investment balance along with the contributions made and distributions received over the life of the investment. |
Income Taxes | ' |
Income Taxes |
We have elected to be taxed as a REIT under Sections 856 to 860 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended, or the Code, commencing with our short taxable year ended December 31, 2012. We believe that we have operated in such a manner as to satisfy the requirements for qualification as a REIT. Accordingly, we will not be subject to federal income tax, provided that we qualify as a REIT and our distributions to our stockholders equal or exceed our REIT taxable income. |
However, qualification and taxation as a REIT depend upon our ability to meet the various qualification tests imposed under the Code related to the percentage of income that we earn from specified sources, the percentage of our assets that fall within specified categories, the diversity of our capital stock ownership, and the percentage of our earnings that we distribute. Accordingly, no assurance can be given that we will be organized or be able to operate in a manner so as to qualify or remain qualified as a REIT. If we fail to qualify as a REIT in any taxable year, we will be subject to federal and state income tax (including any applicable alternative minimum tax) on our taxable income at regular corporate tax rates, and we may be ineligible to qualify as a REIT for four subsequent tax years. Even if we qualify as a REIT, we may be subject to certain state or local income taxes, and our TRS will be subject to federal, state and local taxes on its income. |
We have elected to treat our TRS as a taxable REIT subsidiary. Certain activities that we undertake will be conducted in our TRS, such as third-party property management and non-customary services for our tenants and holding assets that we cannot hold directly. Our TRS is subject to both federal and state income taxes. |
Comprehensive Loss | ' |
Comprehensive Loss |
Net loss and comprehensive loss are the same for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2013, for the three months ended September 30, 2012 and for the period from March 30, 2012 (inception) through September 30, 2012. |
Recent Accounting Pronouncements | ' |
Recent Accounting Pronouncements |
From time to time, new accounting pronouncements are issued by the Financial Accounting Standards Board, or FASB, or the SEC. We adopt the new pronouncements as of the specified effective date. Unless otherwise discussed, these new accounting pronouncements include technical corrections to existing guidance or introduce new guidance related to specialized industries or entities and therefore we believe will have minimal, if any, impact on our financial position or results of operations upon adoption. |
Earnings (Loss) Per Share | ' |
Basic net income or loss attributable to common stockholders is computed by dividing reported net income or loss attributable to common stockholders by the weighted-average number of common and contingently issuable shares outstanding during each period. |
Fair Value Measurements | ' |
Fair value is defined as the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date (an exit price). The three levels of fair value defined in ASC Topic 820, Fair Value Measurements, are as follows: |
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• | Level 1—Valuations based on quoted market prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities that the reporting entity has the ability to access. |
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• | Level 2—Valuations based on quoted market prices for similar assets or liabilities, quoted market prices in markets that are not active, or other inputs that are observable or can be corroborated by observable data for substantially the full term of the assets or liabilities. |
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• | Level 3—Valuations based on inputs that are supported by little or no market activity and that are significant to the fair value of the assets or liabilities, which are typically based on the reporting entity’s own assumptions. |
Companies are required to disclose the estimated fair values of all financial instruments, even if they are not carried at their fair value. |