of the particular building in question: sidewalks, landscaping, curbs, private streets and alleys, lighting facilities, malls, fountains, pedestrian tunnels, sky-walks, plazas, bridges, driveway entrances and exits, curbs, service drives, loading areas, alleys, transportation facilities, if any, outside lighting facilities, fixtures and equipment, shrubbery, grass, planters, and other landscaped areas, common storm drain, electrical, sewer and other common utility lines, equipment and systems, and all common Parking Facilities (as defined in and subject to the terms of the REA).
d. The Facility Common Areas and the Project Common Areas are sometimes referred to herein collectively as the “Common Areas.”
1.18 Operating Expenses; Insurance Costs; Utilities Costs; Taxes
a. Base Costs: As used in this Lease, the term “Base Costs” shall mean Tenant’s Percentage of Operating Expenses, Insurance Costs, Utilities Costs, and Taxes, respectively, incurred and paid by Landlord during calendar year 2022 (the “Base Year”). In no event shall Tenant be responsible for any payments for Operating Expenses, Insurance Costs, Utilities Costs, or Taxes during the first twelve (12) months of the initial Term.
b. Definition of Operating Expenses. As used in this Lease, the term “Operating Expenses” shall consist of all costs and expenses incurred by Landlord in connection with owning, operating, maintaining, managing, cleaning, equipping, insuring, securing, repairing, replacing, restoring and making improvements to the Facility (“Facility Operating Expenses”), together with the Facility’s “Allocable Share” (as defined in the REA) of all “Common Area Operating Costs” incurred by the REA Managing Agent pursuant to the REA as in connection with operating, maintaining, managing, cleaning, equipping, insuring, securing, repairing, replacing, restoring and making improvements to the Project Common Areas (“Project Operating Expenses”); provided, however, in no event shall any particular cost or expense charged to Tenant as a Project Operating Expense also be charged to Tenant as a Facility Operating Expense. Facility Operating Expenses and Project Operating Expenses shall be determined by standard accounting practices and calculated assuming the Facility and the Project are at least one hundred percent (100%) occupied or, with respect to Project Operating Expenses, as otherwise provided in the REA.
c. Facility Operating Expenses. Include the following costs by way of illustration but not limitation:
(i) all actual charges for utilities for the Facility and the Facility Common Areas calculated assuming the Facility is at least one hundred percent (100%) occupied, including but not limited to electrical power, water, waste disposal, air conditioning, sprinkler, fire and life safety, steam, heating, ventilation and air conditioning, elevator systems and other utilities (but excluding those charges for which tenants are individually responsible) as well as related fees, assessments and surcharges and periodic recalibration of meters as commercially reasonable or necessary therefor and all costs and expenses related to illuminating and maintaining all Facility lighting facilities and signs;
(ii) all Insurance Costs defined in Section 7.4 of the Standard Lease Provisions with respect to the Facility;
(iii) repairs, maintenance and subject to the limitations on capital expenses set forth herein, replacement of all elements of the Facility, including planting, maintaining, replanting, trimming and replacing flowers, shrubs, trees and other landscaping, and including, without limitation, the services described in Section 1.19 of the Summary and in Article 7 below, upgrades performed while doing such repair, maintenance and replacement work, and depreciation on any personal property;
(iv) janitorial, maintenance, and other services, including without limitation, window cleaning, elevator and escalator maintenance, light bulb and tube replacement of Facility standard lights, removal of trash, rubbish, garbage and other refuse;
(v) security services, including without limitation, maintenance and repair of all on-site security systems and equipment including repair, maintenance, monitoring, operation and replacement of television security systems and other monitoring and/or surveillance systems and equipment and the cost of all Facility on-site security personnel and all Facility roving security personnel and equipment including uniforms and security office rental, furniture and equipment, including Facility security vehicles;
(vi) supplies, materials and rental of equipment used in the operation, cleaning, security, management, repair and maintenance of the Facility;
(vii) consulting, legal and accounting fees and costs, including costs of audits by certified public accountants; provided, however, that legal expenses chargeable as Project Operating Expenses shall not include the cost of negotiating leases, collecting rents, evicting tenants nor shall it include costs incurred in legal proceedings with or against any tenant or to enforce the provisions of any lease at the Facility;
(viii) all of Landlord’s costs and expenses of contesting by legal proceeding any matter concerning the operation or management of the Facility, or amount or validity of any Taxes levied against all or any part of the Facility;
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