RECEIVABLES | NOTE 4: RECEIVABLES A summary of receivables included in the consolidated balance sheets as of December 31, 2016 and 2015 is as follows: 2016 2015 Retail note receivables $ $ Wholesale receivables Finance lease receivables Restricted receivables Gross receivables Less: Allowance for credit losses Total receivables, net $ $ The Company provides and administers financing for retail purchases of new and used equipment sold through CNH Industrial North America’s dealer network. The terms of retail and other notes and finance leases generally range from two to six years, and interest rates vary depending on prevailing market interest rates and certain incentive programs offered by CNH Industrial North America. Wholesale receivables arise primarily from the financing of the sale of goods to dealers and distributors by CNH Industrial North America, and to a lesser extent, the financing of dealer operations. Under the standard terms of the wholesale receivable agreements, these receivables typically have interest-free periods of up to twelve months and stated original maturities of up to twenty‑four months, with repayment accelerated upon the sale of the underlying equipment by the dealer. During the interest‑free period, the Company is compensated by CNH Industrial North America based on market interest rates. After the expiration of any interest‑free period, interest is charged to dealers on outstanding balances until the Company receives payment in full. The interest‑free periods are determined based on the type of equipment sold and the time of year of the sale. Interest rates are set based on market factors and the prime rate or LIBOR. The Company evaluates and assesses dealers on an ongoing basis as to their creditworthiness. CNH Industrial North America may be obligated to repurchase the dealer’s equipment upon cancellation or termination of the dealer’s contract for such causes as change in ownership, closeout of the business, or default. There were no significant losses in 2016, 2015 and 2014 relating to the termination of dealer contracts. Maturities of retail and other notes, finance leases and wholesale receivables as of December 31, 2016, are as follows: 2017 $ 2018 2019 2020 2021 and thereafter Total receivables $ It has been the Company’s experience that substantial portions of retail receivables are repaid or sold before their contractual maturity dates. As a result, the above table should not be regarded as a forecast of future cash collections. Retail, finance lease and wholesale receivables have significant concentrations of credit risk in the agricultural and construction business sectors. On a geographic basis, there is not a disproportionate concentration of credit risk in any area of the United States or Canada. The Company typically retains, as collateral, a security interest in the equipment associated with retail notes and wholesale receivables. Restricted Receivables and Securitization As part of its overall funding strategy, the Company periodically transfers certain receivables into VIEs that are special purpose entities (“SPEs”) as part of its asset‑backed securitization (“ABS”) programs. SPEs utilized in the securitization programs differ from other entities included in the Company’s consolidated financial statements because the assets they hold are legally isolated from the Company’s assets. For bankruptcy analysis purposes, the Company has sold the receivables to the SPEs in a true sale and the SPEs are separate legal entities. Upon transfer of the receivables to the SPEs, the receivables and certain cash flows derived from them become restricted for use in meeting obligations to the SPEs’ creditors. The SPEs have ownership of cash balances that also have restrictions for the benefit of the SPEs’ investors. The Company’s interests in the SPEs’ receivables are subordinate to the interests of third‑party investors. None of the receivables that are directly or indirectly sold or transferred in any of these transactions are available to pay the Company’s creditors until all obligations of the SPE have been fulfilled or the receivables are removed from the SPE. The secured borrowings related to the restricted receivables are obligations that are payable as the receivables are collected. The following table summarizes the restricted receivables as of December 31, 2016 and 2015: 2016 2015 Retail note receivables $ $ Wholesale receivables Total restricted receivables $ $ Retail Receivables Securitizations Within the U.S. retail receivables securitization programs, qualifying retail receivables are sold to limited purpose, bankruptcy‑remote SPEs. In turn, these SPEs establish separate trusts to which the receivables are transferred in exchange for proceeds from asset‑backed securities issued by the trusts. In Canada, the receivables are transferred directly to the trusts. These trusts were determined to be VIEs. In its role as servicer, the Company has the power to direct the trusts’ activities. Through its retained interests, the Company has an obligation to absorb certain losses, or the right to receive certain benefits, that could potentially be significant to the trusts. Consequently, the Company has consolidated these retail trusts. During the years ended December 31, 2016 and 2015, the Company executed $2,861,732 and $3,183,138, respectively, in term retail asset‑backed transactions in the U.S. and Canada. The securities in these transactions are backed by agricultural and construction equipment retail receivable contracts and finance leases originated through CNH Industrial North America’s dealer network. As of December 31, 2016 and 2015, $5,653,908 and $6,179,498, respectively, of asset‑backed securities issued to investors were outstanding with weighted average remaining maturities of 30 months and 34 months, respectively. The Company believes that it is probable that it will continue to regularly utilize the term ABS markets. The Company may retain all or a portion of the subordinated interests in the SPEs. No recourse provisions exist that allow holders of the asset‑backed securities issued by the trusts to put those securities back to the Company although the Company provides customary representations and warranties that could give rise to an obligation to repurchase from the trusts any receivables for which there is a breach of the representations and warranties. Moreover, the Company does not guarantee any securities issued by the trusts. The trusts have a limited life and generally terminate upon final distribution of amounts owed to investors or upon exercise of a cleanup‑call option by the Company, in its role as servicer. The Company also has $1,571,476 in committed asset‑backed facilities through which it may sell on a monthly basis retail receivables generated in the United States and Canada. The Company has utilized these facilities in the past to fund the origination of receivables and has later repurchased and resold the receivables in the term ABS markets or found alternative financing for the receivables. The U.S. and Canadian facilities had an original funding term of two years and are renewable in September 2018 and December 2018, respectively. To the extent these facilities are not renewed, they will be repaid according to the amortization of the underlying receivables. Wholesale Receivables Securitizations With regard to the wholesale receivable securitization programs, the Company sells eligible receivables on a revolving basis to structured master trust facilities which are limited‑purpose, bankruptcy‑remote SPEs. As of December 31, 2016, debt issued through the U.S. master trust facility consists of two short-term facilities renewable at the discretion of the investors: $500,000 and $400,000 . The Canadian master trust facility consists of a C$585,750 ($435,184) facility renewable December 2018 at the discretion of the investor. These trusts were determined to be VIEs. In its role as servicer, CNH Industrial Capital has the power to direct the trusts’ activities. Through its retained interests, the Company provides security to investors in the event that cash collections from the receivables are not sufficient to make principal and interest payments on the securities. Consequently, CNH Industrial Capital has consolidated these wholesale trusts. Each of the facilities contains minimum payment rate thresholds that, if breached, could preclude the Company from selling additional receivables originated on a prospective basis and could force an early amortization of the debt. Allowance for Credit Losses The allowance for credit losses is the Company’s estimate of losses for receivables owned by the Company and consists of two components, depending on whether the receivable has been individually identified as being impaired. The first component of the allowance for credit losses covers the receivables specifically reviewed by management for which the Company has determined it is probable that it will not collect all the principal and interest payments as per the terms of the contract. Receivables are individually reviewed for impairment based on, among other items, amounts outstanding, days past due and prior collection history. These receivables are subject to impairment measurement at the loan level based either on the fair value of the collateral for collateral dependent receivables or on the present value of expected future cash flows discounted at the receivables’ effective interest rate. The second component of the allowance for credit losses covers all receivables that have not been individually reviewed for impairment. The allowance for these receivables is based on aggregated portfolio evaluations, generally by financial product. The allowance for retail and wholesale credit losses is based on loss forecast models that consider a variety of factors that include, but are not limited to, historical loss experience, collateral value, portfolio balance and delinquency. The loss forecast models are updated on a quarterly basis. In addition, qualitative factors that are not fully captured in the loss forecast models, including industry trends, and macroeconomic factors are considered in the evaluation of the adequacy of the allowance for credit losses. These qualitative factors are subjective and require a degree of management judgment. Charge-offs of principal amounts of receivables outstanding are deducted from the allowance at the point when it is determined to be probable that all amounts due will not be collected. The Company’s allowance for credit losses is segregated into three portfolio segments: retail, wholesale and other. A portfolio segment is the level at which the Company develops a systematic methodology for determining its allowance for credit losses. The retail segment includes retail notes and finance lease receivables. The wholesale segment includes wholesale financing to CNH Industrial North America dealers, and the other portfolio includes the Company’s CRA receivables through October 2014. Further, the Company evaluates its portfolio segments by class of receivable: United States and Canada. Typically, the Company’s receivables within a geographic area have similar risk profiles and methods for assessing and monitoring risk. These classes align with management reporting. Allowance for credit losses activity for the year ended December 31, 2016 is as follows: Retail Wholesale Other Total Allowance for credit losses: Beginning balance $ $ $ — $ Charge-offs — Recoveries — Provision (benefit) — Foreign currency translation and other — Ending balance $ $ $ — $ Ending balance: individually evaluated for impairment $ $ $ — $ Ending balance: collectively evaluated for impairment $ $ $ — $ Receivables: Ending balance $ $ $ — $ Ending balance: individually evaluated for impairment $ $ $ — $ Ending balance: collectively evaluated for impairment $ $ $ — $ Allowance for credit losses activity for the year ended December 31, 2015 is as follows: Retail Wholesale Other Total Allowance for credit losses: Beginning balance $ $ $ — $ Charge-offs — Recoveries — Provision — Foreign currency translation and other — Ending balance $ $ $ — $ Ending balance: individually evaluated for impairment $ $ $ — $ Ending balance: collectively evaluated for impairment $ $ $ — $ Receivables: Ending balance $ $ $ — $ Ending balance: individually evaluated for impairment $ $ $ — $ Ending balance: collectively evaluated for impairment $ $ $ — $ Allowance for credit losses activity for the year ended December 31, 2014 is as follows: Retail Wholesale Other Total Allowance for credit losses: Beginning balance $ $ $ $ Charge-offs Recoveries Provision (benefit) Foreign currency translation and other Ending balance $ $ $ — $ Ending balance: individually evaluated for impairment $ $ $ — $ Ending balance: collectively evaluated for impairment $ $ $ — $ Receivables: Ending balance $ $ $ — $ Ending balance: individually evaluated for impairment $ $ $ — $ Ending balance: collectively evaluated for impairment $ $ $ — $ Utilizing an internal credit scoring model, which considers customers’ attributes, prior credit history and each retail transaction’s attributes, the Company assigns a credit quality rating to each retail customer, by specific transaction, as part of the retail underwriting process. This rating is used in setting the terms on the transaction, including the interest rate. A description of the general characteristics of the customers’ risk grades is as follows: Titanium —Customers from whom the Company expects no collection or loss activity. Platinum —Customers from whom the Company expects minimal, if any, collection or loss activity. Gold, Silver, Bronze —Customers defined as those with the potential for collection or loss activity. A breakdown of the retail portfolio by the customer’s risk grade at the time of origination as of December 31, 2016 and 2015 is as follows: 2016 2015 Titanium $ $ Platinum Gold Silver Bronze Total $ $ As part of the ongoing monitoring of the credit quality of the wholesale portfolio, the Company utilizes an internal credit scoring model that assigns a risk grade for each dealer. The scoring model considers the strength of the dealer’s financial condition and payment history. The Company considers the dealers’ ratings in the quarterly credit allowance analysis. A description of the general characteristics of the dealer risk grades is as follows: Grades A and B - Includes receivables due from dealers that have significant capital strength, moderate leverage, stable earnings and growth, and excellent payment performance. Grade C - Includes receivables due from dealers with moderate credit risk. Dealers of this grade are differentiated from higher grades on a basis of leverage or payment performance. Grade D - Includes receivables due from dealers with additional credit risk. These dealers require additional monitoring due to their weaker financial condition or payment performance. A breakdown of the wholesale portfolio by its credit quality indicators as of December 31, 2016 and 2015 is as follows: 2016 2015 A $ $ B C D Total $ $ The following tables present information at the level at which management assesses and monitors its credit risk. Receivables are considered past due if the required principal and interest payments have not been received as of the date such payments were due. Delinquency is reported on receivables greater than 30 days past due. The aging of receivables as of December 31, 2016 and 2015 is as follows: 2016 Recorded Investment Greater > 90 Days 31 – 60 Days 61 – 90 Days Than Total Total and Past Due Past Due 90 Days Past Due Current Receivables Accruing Retail United States $ $ $ $ $ $ $ Canada $ $ $ $ $ $ $ Wholesale United States $ $ $ $ $ $ $ — Canada $ — $ $ $ $ $ $ — Total Retail $ $ $ $ $ $ $ Wholesale $ $ $ $ $ $ $ — 2015 Recorded Investment Greater > 90 Days 31 – 60 Days 61 – 90 Days Than Total Total and Past Due Past Due 90 Days Past Due Current Receivables Accruing Retail United States $ $ $ $ $ $ $ Canada $ $ $ $ $ $ $ Wholesale United States $ $ $ $ $ $ $ Canada $ $ — $ $ $ $ $ — Total Retail $ $ $ $ $ $ $ Wholesale $ $ $ $ $ $ $ Impaired receivables are receivables for which the Company has determined it will not collect all the principal and interest payments as per the terms of the contract. As of December 31, 2016 and 2015, the Company’s recorded investment in impaired receivables individually evaluated for impairment and the related unpaid principal balances and allowances are as follows: 2016 2015 Unpaid Unpaid Recorded Principal Related Recorded Principal Related Investment Balance Allowance Investment Balance Allowance Retail United States $ $ $ $ $ $ Canada $ $ $ $ $ $ Wholesale United States $ $ $ $ $ $ Canada $ — $ — $ — $ $ $ Total Retail $ $ $ $ $ $ Wholesale $ $ $ $ $ $ As of December 31, 2016 and 2015, the Company’s impaired receivables individually evaluated for impairment without an allowance were immaterial For the years ended December 31, 2016 and 2015, the Company’s average recorded investment in impaired receivables individually evaluated for impairment (based on a thirteen‑month average) and the related interest income recognized are as follows: 2016 2015 Average Interest Average Interest Recorded Income Recorded Income Investment Recognized Investment Recognized Retail United States $ $ $ $ Canada $ $ $ $ Wholesale United States $ $ $ $ Canada $ — $ — $ $ Total Retail $ $ $ $ Wholesale $ $ $ $ Recognition of income is generally suspended when management determines that collection of future finance income is not probable or when an account becomes 120 days delinquent, whichever occurs first. Interest accrual is resumed if the receivable becomes contractually current and collection becomes probable. Previously suspended income is recognized at that time. The receivables on nonaccrual status as of December 31, 2016 and 2015 are as follows: 2016 2015 Retail Wholesale Total Retail Wholesale Total United States $ $ $ $ $ $ Canada $ $ — $ $ $ $ Troubled Debt Restructurings A restructuring of a receivable constitutes a troubled debt restructuring (“TDR”) when the lender grants a concession it would not otherwise consider to a borrower experiencing financial difficulties. As a collateral‑based lender, the Company typically will repossess collateral in lieu of restructuring receivables. As such, for retail receivables, concessions are typically provided based on bankruptcy court proceedings. For wholesale receivables, concessions granted may include extended contract maturities, inclusion of interest‑only periods, modification of a contractual interest rate to a below market interest rate and waiving of interest and principal. TDRs are reviewed along with other receivables as part of management’s ongoing evaluation of the adequacy of the allowance for credit losses. The allowance for credit losses attributable to TDRs is based on the most probable source of repayment, which is normally the liquidation of collateral. In determining collateral value, the Company estimates the current fair market value of the equipment collateral and considers credit enhancements such as additional collateral and third‑party guarantees. Before removing a receivable from TDR classification, a review of the borrower is conducted. If concerns exist about the future ability of the borrower to meet its obligations based on a credit review, the TDR classification is not removed from the receivable. As of December 31, 2016, the Company had approximately 658 retail and finance lease contracts classified as TDRs, of which the pre‑modification value was $28,146 and the post‑modification value was $27,404. A court has determined the concession in 238 of these cases. The pre‑modification value of these contracts was $4,284 and the post‑modification value was $3,688. As of December 31, 2015, the Company had approximately 601 retail and finance lease contracts classified as TDRs, of which the pre‑modification value was $21,975 and the post-modification value was $20,710. A court has determined the concession in 283 of these cases. The pre‑modification value of these contracts was $4,924 and the post‑modification value was $4,028. As the outcome of the bankruptcy cases is determined by a court based on available assets, subsequent re‑defaults are unusual and were not material for retail and finance lease contracts that were modified in a TDR during the previous 12 months ended December 31, 2016 and 2015. As of December 31, 2016 and 2015, the Company’s wholesale TDRs were immaterial. |