Fair value of financial instruments | Fair value of financial instruments The following table sets forth the fair value of financial assets and liabilities by level within the fair value hierarchy as of June 30, 2015 and December 31, 2014 ($ in thousands): Level 1 Level 2 Level 3 Quoted prices in active markets Observable inputs other than Level 1 prices Unobservable inputs June 30, 2015 Recurring basis (assets) Mortgage loans $ — $ — $ 1,716,489 Nonrecurring basis (assets) Real estate assets held for sale $ — $ — $ 153,868 Transfer of real estate owned to mortgage loans $ — $ — $ 2,865 Transfer of mortgage loans to real estate owned $ — $ — $ 271,547 Not recognized on consolidated balance sheets at fair value (assets) Mortgage loans held for sale $ — $ — $ 5,977 Not recognized on consolidated balance sheets at fair value (liabilities) Repurchase and loan and security agreements at fair value $ — $ 810,236 $ — Other secured borrowings $ — $ 521,500 $ — December 31, 2014 Recurring basis (assets) Mortgage loans $ — $ — $ 1,959,044 Nonrecurring basis (assets) Real estate assets held for sale $ — $ — $ 96,041 Transfer of real estate owned to mortgage loans $ — $ — $ 8,400 Transfer of mortgage loans to real estate owned $ — $ — $ 595,668 Not recognized on consolidated balance sheets at fair value (assets) Mortgage loans held for sale $ — $ — $ 12,535 Not recognized on consolidated balance sheets at fair value (liabilities) Repurchase agreements at fair value $ — $ 1,015,000 $ — Other secured borrowings $ — $ 336,409 $ — Residential has not transferred any assets from one level to another level during the six months ended June 30, 2015 or during the year ended December 31, 2014 . The carrying values of Residential's and our cash and cash equivalents, restricted cash, related party receivables, accounts payable and accrued liabilities, related party payables, preferred stock, and investment in NewSource are equal to or approximate fair value. The fair value of mortgage loans is estimated using our proprietary pricing model. The fair value of transfers of mortgage loans to real estate owned is estimated using BPOs. The fair value of re-performing mortgage loans held for sale is estimated using the present value of the future estimated principal and interest payments of the loan, with the discount rate used in the present value calculation representing the estimated effective yield of the loan. The fair value of the repurchase agreements is estimated using the income approach based on credit spreads available currently in the market for similar floating rate debt. The fair value of other secured borrowings is estimated using observable market data. The following table sets forth the changes in Residential's level 3 assets that are measured at fair value on a recurring basis ($ in thousands): Three months ended June 30, 2015 Three months ended June 30, 2014 Six months ended June 30, 2015 Six months ended June 30, 2014 Mortgage loans Beginning balance $ 1,853,495 $ 1,766,142 $ 1,959,044 $ 1,207,163 Investment in mortgage loans — 300,503 — 913,011 Net unrealized gain on mortgage loans 42,209 105,042 103,343 170,172 Net realized gain on mortgage loans 19,272 10,819 34,654 20,140 Mortgage loan dispositions and payments (82,070 ) (44,314 ) (147,238 ) (83,772 ) Real estate tax advances to borrowers 4,264 4,716 11,391 12,722 Reclassification of realized gains on real estate sold from unrealized gains 13,175 — 23,977 — Transfer of real estate owned to mortgage loans 1,509 5,563 2,865 5,563 Transfer of mortgage loans to real estate owned (135,365 ) (124,443 ) (271,547 ) (220,971 ) Ending balance at June 30 $ 1,716,489 $ 2,024,028 $ 1,716,489 $ 2,024,028 Net unrealized gain on mortgage loans held at the end of the period $ 29,784 $ 70,623 $ 80,852 $ 108,820 The following table sets forth the fair value of Residential's mortgage loans, the related unpaid principal balance and market value of underlying properties by delinquency status as of June 30, 2015 and December 31, 2014 ($ in thousands): Number of loans Carrying Value Unpaid principal balance Market value of underlying properties (1) June 30, 2015 Current 727 $ 117,544 $ 165,532 $ 169,272 30 102 16,148 22,309 24,784 60 59 7,128 10,398 11,972 90 1,930 316,877 493,893 477,131 Foreclosure 6,316 1,258,792 1,767,873 1,654,676 Mortgage loans 9,134 $ 1,716,489 $ 2,460,005 $ 2,337,835 December 31, 2014 Current 670 $ 107,467 $ 159,731 $ 160,654 30 109 15,424 22,629 24,046 60 57 7,921 11,624 12,510 90 2,286 361,434 569,930 544,709 Foreclosure 7,841 1,466,798 2,172,047 1,951,606 Mortgage Loans 10,963 $ 1,959,044 $ 2,935,961 $ 2,693,525 _____________ (1) Market value is based on the most recent BPO provided to us by the applicable seller for each property in the respective portfolio as of its cut-off date or an updated BPO received since the acquisition was completed. The following table sets forth the carrying value of Residential's remaining re-performing mortgage loans from the re-performing loan portfolio acquired in June 2014, which are held for sale, the related unpaid principal balance and market value of underlying properties by delinquency status as of June 30, 2015 and December 31, 2014 ($ in thousands): Number of loans Carrying value Unpaid principal balance Market value of underlying properties (1) June 30, 2015 Current 13 $ 1,908 $ 2,531 $ 3,760 30 6 1,045 1,440 1,909 60 5 466 1,254 1,253 90 17 2,457 3,126 3,847 Foreclosure 3 101 422 348 Mortgage loans held for sale 44 $ 5,977 $ 8,773 $ 11,117 December 31, 2014 Current 68 $ 8,317 $ 11,938 $ 15,154 30 6 1,118 1,667 2,004 60 4 359 644 670 90 24 2,741 4,149 4,624 Mortgage loans held for sale 102 $ 12,535 $ 18,398 $ 22,452 _____________ (1) Market value is based on the most recent BPO provided to us by the applicable seller for each property in the respective portfolio as of its cut-off date or an updated BPO received since the acquisition was completed. The significant unobservable inputs used in the fair value measurement of Residential's mortgage loans are discount rates, forecasts of future home prices, alternate loan resolution probabilities, resolution timelines and the value of underlying properties. Significant changes in any of these inputs in isolation could result in a significant change to the fair value measurement. A decline in the discount rate in isolation would increase the fair value. A decrease in the housing pricing index in isolation would decrease the fair value. Individual loan characteristics such as location and value of underlying collateral affect the loan resolution probabilities and timelines. An increase in the loan resolution timeline in isolation would decrease the fair value. A decrease in the value of underlying properties in isolation would decrease the fair value. The following table sets forth quantitative information about the significant unobservable inputs used to measure the fair value of Residential's mortgage loans as of June 30, 2015 and December 31, 2014 : Input June 30, 2015 December 31, 2014 Equity discount rate 15.0% 15.0% Debt to asset ratio 65.0% 65.0% Cost of funds 3.5% over 1 month LIBOR 3.5% over 1 month LIBOR Annual change in home pricing index 0% to 7.5% -0.1% to 7.6% Loan resolution probabilities — modification 0% to 44.7% 0% to 44.7% Loan resolution probabilities — rental 0% to 100.0% 0% to 100.0% Loan resolution probabilities — liquidation 0% to 100.0% 0% to 100.0% Loan resolution timelines (in years) 0.1 to 5.3 0.1 to 5.3 Value of underlying properties $500 - $5,500,000 $3,000 - $5,300,000 |