| Description of Business and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies | Description of Business and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies General Thryv Holdings, Inc. (“ Thryv ” or the “ Company ”) provides small-to-medium sized businesses (“ SMBs ”) with print and digital marketing services and Software as a Service (“ SaaS ”) business management tools. The Company owns and operates Print Yellow Pages (“ PYP ” or “Print” ) and digital marketing services ( “Digital” ), which includes Internet Yellow Pages (“ IYP ”), search engine marketing (“ SEM ”), and other digital media services, including online display advertising, and search engine optimization (“ SEO ”) tools. In addition, through the Thryv® platform, the Company is a provider of SaaS business management, communication, and marketing tools designed for SMBs. On April 3, 2023 (the “ Yellow Acquisition Date ”), Thryv New Zealand Limited, the Company’s wholly-owned subsidiary, acquired Yellow Holdings Limited ( “ Yellow ” ), a New Zealand marketing services company. On January 21, 2022, Thryv, Inc., the Company’s wholly-owned subsidiary, acquired Vivial Media Holdings, Inc. (“ Vivial ”), a marketing and advertising company with operations in the United States . Further, o n March 1, 2021, the Company completed the acquisition of Sensis Holding Limited (“ Thryv Australia ”), a provider of marketing solutions serving SMBs in Australia . The Company reports its results based on four reportable segments: • Thryv U.S. Marketing Services, which includes the Company's Print and Digital solutions business in the United States; • Thryv U.S. SaaS, which includes the Company's SaaS flagship all-in-one small business management modular software platform in the United States; • Thryv International Marketing Services, which is comprised of Thryv's Print and Digital solutions business outside of the United States; and • Thryv International SaaS, which primarily includes the Company's SaaS flagship all-in-one small business management modular software platform outside of the United States. Basis of Presentation The Company prepares its financial statements in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles in the United States (“ U.S. GAAP ”). The consolidated financial statements include the financial statements of Thryv Holdings, Inc. and its wholly-owned subsidiaries. The accompanying consolidated financial statements reflect all adjustments, consisting of only normal recurring items and accruals, necessary to fairly present the financial position, results of operations and cash flows of the Company for the periods presented. All intercompany balances and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation. Use of Estimates The preparation of the Company’s consolidated financial statements requires management to make estimates and assumptions about future events that affect the amounts reported and disclosed in the consolidated financial statements and accompanying notes. Actual results could differ materially from those estimates. The Company bases its estimates on historical experience and on various other assumptions that are believed to be reasonable. The results of those estimates form the basis for making judgments about the carrying values of certain assets and liabilities. Examples of reported amounts that rely on significant estimates include revenue recognition, allowance for credit losses, assets acquired and liabilities assumed in business combinations, capitalized costs to obtain a contract, certain amounts relating to the accounting for income taxes, including valuation allowance, indemnification asset, stock-based compensation expense, operating lease right-of-use assets and operating lease liabilities, accrued service credits, and pension obligations. Significant estimates are also used in determining the recoverability and fair value of fixed assets and capitalized software, operating lease right-of-use assets, goodwill and intangible assets. Summary of Significant Accounting Policies Revenue Recognition The Company recognizes revenue based on the revenue recognition standard, Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606) , (“ ASC 606 ”). The Company determines the amount of revenue to be recognized through application of the following five steps: (i) identify a customer contract, (ii) identify performance obligations, (iii) determine the transaction price, (iv) allocate the transaction price, and (v) recognize revenue, each of which is described further below. Identify the Customer Contract The Company accounts for a contract with a client when approval and commitment from all parties is obtained, the rights of the parties and payment terms are identified, the contract has commercial substance, and collectability of consideration is probable. Revenue is recognized when control of the promised services or goods is transferred to the client and in an amount that reflects the consideration the Company expects to be entitled to in exchange for those services or goods. Typical payment terms provide that the Company’s clients pay within 20 days of the invoice. Identify the Performance Obligations in the Contract and Recognize Revenue The Company has determined that each of its services is distinct and represents a separate performance obligation. The client can benefit from each service on its own or together with other resources that are readily available to the client. Services are separately identifiable from other promises in the contract. Control over the Company’s print services transfers to the client upon delivery of the published directories containing their advertisements to the intended market. Therefore, revenue associated with print services is recognized at a point in time upon delivery to the intended market. The Company bills customers for print advertising services monthly over the relative contract term. The difference between the timing of recognition of print advertising revenue and monthly billing generates the Company’s unbilled receivables balance. The unbilled receivables balance is reclassified as billed accounts receivable through the passage of time as the customers are invoiced each month. SaaS and digital services are recognized using the series guidance. Under the series guidance, the Company’s obligation to provide services is the same for each day under the contract, and therefore represents a single performance obligation. Revenue associated with SaaS and digital services is recognized over time using an output method to measure the progress toward satisfying a performance obligation. As part of the SaaS offerings, the Company enters into certain development and reseller agreements with third parties. Based upon the control indicators outlined in ASC 606, the Company acts as a principal in these arrangements and recognizes revenue on a gross basis because it controls the services before they are transferred to clients. Determine and Allocate the Transaction Price to the Performance Obligations in the Contract The transaction price of a contract consists of fixed and variable consideration components pursuant to the applicable contractual terms and excludes sales tax. The Company’s contracts have variable consideration in the form of price concessions and service credits. Service credits may be issued to a client at the discretion of the Company related to client satisfaction issues and claims. The Company performs a monthly review of expected service credits at a portfolio level based on the Company’s history of adjustments and expected trends. The provision for service credits is recorded as a reduction to revenue in the Company’s consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive (loss) income. For performance obligations recognized under the series guidance, variable consideration is allocated. When necessary, variable consideration is estimated and included in the transaction price to the extent it is probable that a significant reversal of cumulative revenue recognized will not occur. These judgments involve consideration of historical and expected experience with the client and other similar clients. The Company’s contracts with customers may include multiple performance obligations. For such arrangements, the Company allocates the transaction price to each performance obligation based on its relative standalone selling price. Standalone selling price is the price at which the Company would sell a promised service separately to a client. Judgment is required to determine the standalone selling price for each distinct performance obligation. Often times, the Company does not have sufficient standalone sales information, as contracts with customers generally include multiple performance obligations. When standalone sales information is not available, the Company estimates standalone selling price using information that may include average selling price, market conditions, entity specific factors such as pricing and discounting strategies, and other inputs. Costs to Obtain and Fulfill a Contract with a Customer Costs to Obtain a Contract with a Customer The Company has determined that sales commissions paid to employees and certified marketing representatives associated with selling the Company’s print, digital and SaaS services are considered incremental and recoverable costs of obtaining a contract. Commissions related to renewal contracts are not commensurate with costs incurred to obtain an initial contract. Therefore, commissions incurred to obtain a new contract are capitalized and recognized over the benefit period, which is determined to be eighteen months based on expected contract renewals, the Company’s technology development life-cycle, and other factors. Commissions for renewals of existing contracts are expensed as incurred under a practical expedient, which allows an entity to expense costs to obtain a contract with an amortization period of less than twelve months. Deferred costs to obtain contracts are classified as current or non-current based on the timing of when the Company expects to recognize the expense. The current portion is included in Other current assets and the non-current portion is included in Other assets on the Company’s consolidated balance sheets. Amortization of deferred costs to obtain contracts is included as a component of Sales and marketing expense in the Company's consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive (loss) income. The following table sets for the Company's deferred costs to obtain contracts, as of December 31, 2023 and 2022: (in thousands) December 31, 2023 December 31, 2022 Deferred costs to obtain contracts - Current assets $ 13,495 $ 6,855 Deferred costs to obtain contracts - Non-current assets 1,285 741 Amortization of the Company's deferred costs to obtain contracts, for the years ended December 31, 2023, 2022, and 2021 was as follows: Years Ended December 31, (in thousands) 2023 2022 2021 Amortization of deferred costs to obtain contracts $ 14,954 $ 12,110 $ 11,847 Costs to Fulfill a Contract with a Customer Direct costs associated with fulfilling PYP contracts with a client include costs related to printing and distribution. Directly attributable costs incurred to fulfill print services are capitalized as incurred and then expensed at the time of delivery, in line with the recognition of revenue. Costs to fulfill SaaS and digital contracts with clients are expensed as incurred. The following table sets for the Company's deferred costs to fulfill contracts as of December 31, 2023 and 2022: (in thousands) December 31, 2023 December 31, 2022 Deferred costs to fulfill contracts (1) $ 3,227 $ 2,689 (1) Included in deferred costs on the Company's consolidated balance sheets. Amortization of the Company's deferred costs to fulfill contracts for the years ended December 31, 2023, 2022, and 2021 was as follows: Years Ended December 31, (in thousands) 2023 2022 2021 Amortization of deferred costs to fulfill contracts (1) $ 2,689 $ 3,466 $ 2,687 (1) These costs were recorded in Cost of services in the Company's consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive (loss) income. The Company recorded no impairment losses associated with these deferred costs during the years ended December 31, 2023, 2022, and 2021. Cash and Cash Equivalents Highly liquid investments with a maturity of three months or less when purchased are considered to be cash equivalents. The Company’s cash and cash equivalents consist of bank deposits. Cash equivalents are stated at cost, which approximates market value. Restricted Cash The following table presents a reconciliation of cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash reported within the Company's consolidated balance sheets to the amount shown in the Company's consolidated statements of cash flows for the years ended December 31, 2023 and 2022: (in thousands) December 31, 2023 December 31, 2022 Cash and cash equivalents $ 18,216 $ 16,031 Restricted cash, included in Other current assets 2,314 2,149 Total cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash $ 20,530 $ 18,180 Accounts Receivable, Net of Allowance Accounts receivable represents billed amounts for which invoices have been provided to clients and unbilled amounts for which revenue has been recognized, but amounts have not yet been billed to the client. Accounts receivable are recorded net of an allowance for credit losses. The Company’s exposure to expected credit losses depends on the financial condition of its clients and other macroeconomic factors. The Company maintains an allowance for credit losses based upon its estimate of potential credit losses. This allowance is based upon historical and current client collection trends, any identified client-specific collection issues, and current as well as expected future economic conditions and market trends. See Note 6, Allowance for Credit Losse s, for additional information. The following table represents the components of Accounts receivable, net of allowance: December 31, (in thousands) 2023 2022 Accounts receivable $ 73,094 $ 80,369 Unbilled accounts receivable (1) 147,335 219,095 Total accounts receivable $ 220,429 $ 299,464 Less: allowance for credit losses (14,926) (14,766) Accounts receivable, net of allowance $ 205,503 $ 284,698 (1) Unbilled accounts receivable relates primarily to the Company’s print services, which are recognized at a point in time upon delivery of the print services to the intended market(s), but are billed to customers monthly after the delivery of the print services. Unbilled accounts receivable are reclassified as billed accounts receivable monthly when the customers are invoiced. The following table represents the components of unbilled accounts receivable from contracts with customers: December 31, (in thousands) 2023 2022 Unbilled accounts receivable - current $ 147,335 $ 219,095 Unbilled accounts receivable - non-current (1) 16,165 23,653 Total unbilled accounts receivable $ 163,500 $ 242,748 (1) Included in Other assets on the Company's consolidated balance sheets. Revenue recognized related to Unbilled accounts receivable - non-current balances for the years ended December 31, 2023 and 2022 was $70.7 million and $135.5 million, respectively. Concentrations of Credit Risk Financial instruments subject to concentrations of credit risk consist primarily of trade receivables. The Company deposits cash on hand with major financial institutions. Cash balances at major financial institutions may exceed limits insured by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation. Approximately 91% of revenue in all periods presented was derived from sales to local SMBs that operate in limited geographical areas. These SMBs are usually billed in monthly installments when the services begin and, in turn, make monthly payments, requiring the Company to extend credit to these clients. The remaining approximately 9% of revenue in all periods presented was derived from the sale of marketing services to larger businesses that advertise regionally or nationally. Contracted certified marketing representatives (“ CMRs ”) purchase advertising on behalf of these businesses. Payment for advertising is due when the advertising is published and is received directly from the CMRs, net of the CMRs’ commission. The CMRs are responsible for billing and collecting from these businesses. While the Company still has exposure to credit risks, historically, the losses from these clients have been less than that of local SMBs. The Company conducts its operations primarily in the United States, Australia and New Zealand. In 2023, the Company's top ten directories, as meas ured by revenue, accounted for approximately 2% of total revenue. No single directory or client accounted for more than 1% of the Company’s revenue for the years ended December 31, 2023, 2022 and 2021. Additionally, no single client or CMR accounted for more than 5% of the Company’s outstanding accounts receivable as of December 31, 2023 and 2022. Fixed Assets and Capitalized Software Property, plant and equipment are stated at cost less accumulated depreciation and amortization. The cost of additions and improvements associated with fixed assets are capitalized if they have a useful life in excess of one year. Expenditures for repairs and maintenance, including the cost of replacing minor items that are not considered substantial improvements, are expensed as incurred. When fixed assets are sold or retired, the related cost and accumulated depreciation are deducted from the accounts and any gains or losses on disposition are recognized in the Company’s consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive (loss) income. Fixed assets are reviewed for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances may indicate that the carrying amount of a fixed asset may not be recoverable. Depreciation of fixed assets and amortization associated with capitalized software, are included in Cost of services, Sales and marketing, and General and administrative expenses on the Company's consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive (loss) income. Costs associated with internal use software are capitalized during the application development stage, if they have a useful life in excess of one year. Subsequent additions, modifications, or upgrades to internal use software are capitalized only to the extent that they allow the software to perform a task it previously did not perform. Capitalized software is reviewed for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances may indicate that the carrying amount of a capitalized software may not be recoverable. The remaining useful lives of fixed assets and capitalized software are reviewed annually for reasonableness. Fixed assets and capitalized software are depreciated on a straight-line basis over the estimated useful lives of the assets, which are presented in the following table: Estimated Buildings and building improvements 8 - 30 years Leasehold improvements (1) 1 - 8 years Computer and data processing equipment 3 years Furniture and fixtures 7 years Capitalized software 1.5 - 5 years Other 3 - 7 years (1) Leasehold improvements are depreciated at the shorter of their estimated useful lives or the lease term. See Note 7, Fixed Assets and Capitalized Software . Leases The Company determines if an arrangement contains a lease at inception. The Company combines lease and non-lease components for all asset classes, except real estate leases. For real estate leases, consideration is allocated to lease and non-lease components based on a relative standalone price. Leases are included in Other assets, Other current liabilities, and Other liabilities on the Company's consolidated balance sheets and in General and administrative expense in the Company's consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive (loss) income. The Company recognizes lease expense on a straight-line basis over the lease term. Leases with a duration of 12 months or less are not recorded on the balance sheet and the related expense is recorded as incurred. Right-of-use assets and lease liabilities are recognized at the commencement date based on the present value of the lease payments over the lease term. If applicable, the right-of-use asset may include any initial direct costs incurred, lease payments made prior to the commencement, and is recorded net of any lease incentives received. For these calculations, the Company considers only payments that are fixed or determinable at the time of commencement or any variable payments that depend on an index or a rate. The Company determines an incremental borrowing rate (“ IBR ”) based on the information available at commencement date to calculate the present value of lease payments. The IBR represents the rate of interest estimated that the Company would have to pay to borrow an amount equal to the lease payments on a collateralized basis over a similar term in a similar economic environment. Lease terms may include options to extend or terminate a lease. Renewals are not assumed in the determination of the lease term unless they are deemed to be reasonably certain to be exercised . Goodwill and Intangible Assets Goodwill Goodwill represents the excess of the aggregate fair value of the consideration transferred in a business combination over the fair value of the assets acquired net of liabilities assumed, recorded in accordance with ASC 805, Business Combinations , (“ ASC 805 ”). Goodwill is not amortized, but rather subject to an annual impairment test at the reporting unit level. Management performs its annual goodwill impairment test on October 1 or more frequently if events or changes in circumstances indicate that the goodwill may be impaired. The Company has the option to first assess qualitative factors to determine whether the existence of events or circumstances leads to a determination that it is more likely than not that the fair value of the reporting unit is less than its carrying amount. Performing a qualitative impairment assessment requires an examination of relevant events and circumstances that could have a negative impact on the carrying value of the Company, such as macroeconomic conditions, industry and market conditions, earnings and cash flows, overall financial performance and other relevant entity-specific events. If, after assessing the totality of events or circumstances, the Company determines it is not more likely than not that the fair value of the reporting unit is less than its carrying amount, then additional impairment testing is not required. However, if the Company concludes otherwise, then it is required to perform a quantitative assessment for impairment. If the quantitative assessment indicates that the reporting unit’s carrying amount exceeds its fair value, the Company will recognize an impairment charge up to this amount, but not to exceed the total carrying value of the reporting unit’s goodwill. The Company uses income and market-based valuation approaches to determine the fair value of its reporting units. The Company performed its annual impairment test on goodwill as of October 1, 2023. The annual impairment test resulted in a non-cash impairment charge of $192.0 million, as of the October 1 annual impairment date, to reduce goodwill in its Thryv U.S. Marketing Services reporting unit . In December 2023, the Company concluded a triggering event had occurred in the Thryv U.S. Marketing Services reporting unit and completed an additional impairment test as of December 31, 2023. As a result, the Company recorded an additional non-cash impairment charge of $76.8 million as of December 31, 2023 , further reducing goodwill in its Thryv U.S. Marketing Services reporting unit. See Note 5, Goodwill and Intangible Assets . Intangible Assets The Company has definite-lived intangible assets consisting of client relationships, trademarks and domain names, and covenants not to compete. These intangible assets are amortized using the income forecast method over their useful lives, with the exception of covenants not to compete which are amortized on a straight-line basis over the terms of the agreements. These assets are allocated to their respective reporting units for impairment review purposes. Whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate the carrying amount of the reporting unit’s intangible assets may not be recoverable, an impairment analysis of the reporting unit is completed. An impairment loss, if applicable, is measured as the amount by which the carrying amount of the reporting unit’s definite-lived intangible asset exceeds its fair value. The Company uses the estimated future cash flows directly associated with, and that are expected to arise as a result of, the use and eventual disposal of such reporting unit assets in determining fair values of definite-lived intangible assets. Amortization associated with intangible assets is included in Cost of services, Sales and marketing, and General and administrative expenses on the Company's consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive (loss) income. The Company’s intangible assets and their estimated useful lives are presented in the table below: Estimated Client relationships 3.5 - 4 years Trademarks and domain names 2.5 - 6 years Covenants not to compete 3 years See Note 5, Goodwill and Intangible Assets, for additional information. Pension Obligation The Company maintains net pension obligations associated with non-contributory defined benefit pension plans that are currently frozen and incur no additional service costs. Although the plans are frozen, the Company continues to incur interest cost on the projected benefit obligations, offset by an expected return on the fair value of plan assets, which is referred to as net periodic pension cost. In addition, the Company immediately recognizes gains/(losses) associated with changes in fair value of plan assets, and projected benefit obligations that occurred during the year as a component of the total net periodic pension cost. In determining the projected benefit obligations at each reporting period, management makes certain economic and demographic actuarial assumptions, including but not limited to discount rates, lump sum interest rates, retirement rates, termination rates, mortality rates, and payment form/timing. For these assumptions, management consults with actuaries, monitors plan provisions and demographics, and reviews public market data and general economic information. Changes in these assumptions can have a significant impact on the projected benefit obligations, funding requirement, and net periodic pension cost. The Company sponsors two frozen pension plans for its employees, the Dex Pension Plan and the YP Holdings LLC Pension Plan. The Company also maintains two non-qualified pension plans for certain executives, the Dex One Pension Benefit Equalization Plan and the SuperMedia Excess Pension Plan, which are also frozen plans. Pension assets related to the Company’s qualified pension plans, which are held in master trusts and recorded in Pension obligations, net on the Company’s consolidated balance sheets, are valued in accordance with ASC 820, Fair Value Measurement . See Note 11, Pensions , for additional information. Income Taxes The Company accounts for income taxes under the asset and liability method in accordance with ASC 740, Income Taxes (‘‘ ASC 740 ’’). Deferred tax assets or liabilities are recorded to reflect the expected future tax consequences of temporary differences between the financial reporting basis of assets and liabilities and their tax basis at each year-end. These amounts are adjusted as appropriate to reflect enacted changes in tax rates expected to be in effect when the temporary differences reverse. The likelihood that deferred tax assets can be recovered must be assessed. The Company establishes a valuation allowance to reduce the deferred tax assets when it is more likely than not that some portion or all of the deferred tax assets will not be realized. In this process, certain relevant criteria are evaluated, including prior carryback years, the existence of deferred tax liabilities that can be used to absorb deferred tax assets, tax planning strategies, and taxable income in future years. A valuation allowance is established to offset any deferred income tax assets if, based on the available evidence, it is more likely than not that some or all of the deferred income tax assets will not be realized. The Company has netted deferred tax assets for net operating losses with related unrecognized tax benefits, if such settlement is required or expected in the event the uncertain tax position is disallowed. The Company establishes reserves for open tax years for uncertain tax positions that may be subject to challenge by various tax authorities. The consolidated tax provision and related accruals include the impact of such reasonably estimable losses and related interest and penalties as deemed appropriate. Tax benefits recognized in the financial statements from uncertain tax positions are measured based on the largest benefit that has a greater than fifty percent likelihood of being realized upon ultimate settlement. The Company’s policy is to recognize interest and penalties related to unrecognized tax benefits in (expense) benefit for income taxes in the consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive (loss) income. See Note 14, Income Taxes, for additional information. Foreign Currency The functional currency of the Company’s foreign operating subsidiaries is the local currency. Assets and liabilities denominated in a foreign currency are translated into U.S. dollars at the exchange rates in effect at the balance sheet dates, with the resulting translation adjustments directly recorded to a separate component of accumulated other comprehensive (loss) income. Income and expense accounts are translated at the weighted-average exchange rates during the period. Transaction gains or losses in currencies other than the functional currency and certain intercompany balances that will not be settled in the foreseeable future are included as a component of Other income (expense), net in the Company's consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive (loss) income. Advertising Costs Advertising costs, which include media, promotional, branding and online advertising, are included in Sales and marketing expense in the Company’s consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive (loss) income and are expensed as incurred. Advertising costs for the Company for the years ended December 31, 2023, 2022 and 2021 were $14.8 million, $29.3 million and $40.8 million, respectively. Stock-Based Compensation Under the Company's 2016 Stock Incentive Plan, as amended (“ 2016 Plan ”), and the Company's 2020 Incentive Award Plan (“ 2020 Plan ”), (together, the “ Stock Incentive Plans ”), the Company has granted stock options, Restricted Stock Units ( “ RSUs ” ) and Performance-Based Restricted Stock Units ( “ PSUs ” ). The Company accounts for all stock options, RSUs and PSUs granted using a fair value method and the c ompensation expense is based on the fair value of the awards . The fair value of the Company’s common stock is the closing price of the stock on the date of the grant. The measurement date for awards is generally the date of the grant. The fair value is recognized on a straight-line basis over the requisite service period (generally three to four years). The Company has elected to account for forfeitures as they occur as a cumulative adjustment to stock-based compensation expense. See Note 12, Stock-Based Compensation and Stockholders' Equity, for additional information . Earnings per Share Basic earnings per share is calculated by dividing Net (loss) income (the “ numerator ”) by the weighted-average number of common shares outstanding (the “ denominator ”) during the reporting period. Diluted earnings per share is calculated by including both the weighted-average number of common shares outstanding and any dilutive common stock equivalents within the denominator (diluted shares outstanding). The Company's common stock equivalents could consist of stock options, RSUs, PSUs, Employee Stock Purchase Plan shares (“ ESPP ”) and stock warrants, to the extent any are determined to be dilutive under the treasury stock method. Under the treasury stock method, the assumed proceeds relating to both the exercise price of stock options, RSUs, PSUs, ESPP shares and stock warrants, as well as the average remaining unrecognized fair value of stock options, are used to repurchase common shares at the average fair value price of the Company's common stock during the period. If the n |
