Real Estate, Operating Real Estate, Real Estate Under Construction, and Equity Investment in Real Estate | Real Estate, Operating Real Estate, Real Estate Under Construction, and Equity Investment in Real Estate Real Estate — Land, Buildings and Improvements Real estate, which consists of land and buildings leased to others, which are subject to operating leases, is summarized as follows (in thousands): September 30, 2019 December 31, 2018 Land $ 184,653 $ 195,275 Buildings and improvements 961,139 1,015,501 Less: Accumulated depreciation (126,212 ) (112,061 ) $ 1,019,580 $ 1,098,715 The carrying value of our Real Estate — Land, buildings and improvements decreased by $31.9 million from December 31, 2018 to September 30, 2019 , reflecting the impact of exchange rate fluctuations during the same period ( Note 2 ). Depreciation expense, including the effect of foreign currency translation, on our real estate was $7.1 million and $7.8 million for the three months ended September 30, 2019 and 2018 , respectively, and $22.0 million and $23.6 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2019 and 2018 , respectively. Dispositions of Real Estate During the nine months ended September 30, 2019 , we sold the 11 properties in our United Kingdom portfolio (the “Truffle portfolio”). As a result, the carrying value of our real estate properties decreased by $26.0 million from December 31, 2018 to September 30, 2019 ( Note 12 ). Leases Operating Lease Income Lease income related to operating leases recognized and included within Lease revenues — net-leased and Lease revenues — operating real estate in the condensed consolidated statements of income are as follows (in thousands): Three Months Ended September 30, 2019 Nine Months Ended September 30, 2019 Lease revenues — net-leased Lease income — fixed $ 24,797 $ 75,598 Lease income — variable (a) 3,859 12,177 Total operating lease income (b) $ 28,656 $ 87,775 Lease revenues — operating real estate Lease income — fixed $ 16,758 $ 50,038 Lease income — variable (c) 648 1,932 Total operating lease income $ 17,406 $ 51,970 ___________ (a) Includes (i) rent increases based on changes in the CPI and other comparable indices and (ii) reimbursements for property taxes, insurance, and common area maintenance services. (b) The three and nine months ended September 30, 2019 excludes $0.9 million and $2.8 million , respectively, of interest income from direct financing leases that is included in Lease revenues — net-leased in the condensed consolidated statements of income. (c) Primarily comprised of late fees and administrative fees revenues. Scheduled Future Lease Payments to be Received Scheduled future lease payments to be received (exclusive of expenses paid by tenants, percentage rents, and future CPI-based adjustments) under non-cancelable operating leases at September 30, 2019 are as follows (in thousands): Years Ending December 31, Total 2019 (remainder) $ 23,500 2020 93,270 2021 93,328 2022 93,868 2023 87,271 Thereafter 533,773 Total $ 925,010 Scheduled future lease payments to be received (exclusive of expenses paid by tenants, percentage rents, and future CPI-based adjustments) under non-cancelable operating leases at December 31, 2018 are as follows (in thousands): Years Ending December 31, Total 2019 $ 101,618 2020 101,413 2021 101,261 2022 101,535 2023 94,502 Thereafter 590,636 Total $ 1,090,965 See Note 5 for scheduled future lease payments to be received under non-cancelable direct financing leases. Lease Cost During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2019 total lease cost for operating leases totaled $0.3 million and $0.8 million , respectively. Additionally, we recognized reimbursable ground rent totaling approximately $0.1 million and $0.3 million , respectively, which is included in Lease revenues — net-leased in the condensed consolidated statements of income. Other Information Supplemental balance sheet information related to ROU assets and lease liabilities is as follows (dollars in thousands): Location on Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets September 30, 2019 Operating ROU assets — land leases In-place lease and other intangible assets $ 33,827 Operating lease liabilities — land leases Accounts payable, accrued expenses and other liabilities $ 7,915 Weighted-average remaining lease term — operating leases (a) 43.5 years Weighted-average discount rate — operating leases (a) 6.8 % Number of land lease arrangements (b) 8 Lease term range 6 – 983 years ___________ (a) Excludes a $6.8 million ROU land lease asset related to the student housing development project located in Swansea, United Kingdom as it has no future obligation during the remaining 983 -year lease term. (b) During the three months ended September 30, 2019 , two land leases were transferred to the buyer upon sale of our Truffle Portfolio ( Note 12 ). Cash paid for operating lease liabilities included in the Net cash provided by operating activities for the nine months ended September 30, 2019 was $0.6 million . There are no land finance leases for which we are the lessee, therefore there are no related ROU assets or lease liabilities. Undiscounted Cash Flows A reconciliation of the undiscounted cash flows for operating leases recorded on the condensed consolidated balance sheet within Accounts payable, accrued expenses and other liabilities as of September 30, 2019 is as follows (in thousands): Years Ending December 31, Total 2019 (remainder) $ 71 2020 639 2021 639 2022 639 2023 639 Thereafter 22,520 Total lease payments 25,147 Less: amount of lease payments representing interest (17,232 ) Present value of future lease payments/lease obligations $ 7,915 Scheduled future lease payments (excluding amounts paid directly by tenants) for the five succeeding years subsequent to the year ended December 31, 2018 are $0.3 million each year, respectively, and $8.8 million thereafter. Operating Real Estate — Land, Buildings and Improvements Operating real estate, which consists of our self-storage, student housing, and multi-family residential properties (o ur last multi-family residential property was sold on January 29, 2019 ), is summarized as follows (in thousands): September 30, 2019 December 31, 2018 Land $ 77,662 $ 77,984 Buildings and improvements (a) 455,948 425,165 Less: Accumulated depreciation (53,403 ) (41,969 ) $ 480,207 $ 461,180 ___________ (a) Amount includes $31.3 million as a result of the substantial completion of the student housing operating property located in Barcelona, Spain on July 2, 2019 (based on the exchange rate of the euro at the date in which assets were placed into service). The carrying value of our Operating real estate — land, buildings and improvements decreased by $5.5 million from December 31, 2018 to September 30, 2019 , reflecting the impact of exchange rate fluctuations during the same period ( Note 2 ). Depreciation expense, including the effect of foreign currency translation, on our operating real estate was $4.0 million and $4.3 million for the three months ended September 30, 2019 and 2018 , respectively, and $11.6 million and $13.1 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2019 and 2018 , respectively. Dispositions of Operating Real Estate During the nine months ended September 30, 2019 , we sold our last multi-family residential property, which was previously classified as held for sale at December 31, 2018 ( Note 12 ). Real Estate Under Construction The following table provides the activity of our Real estate under construction (in thousands): Nine Months Ended September 30, 2019 Beginning balance $ 152,106 Capitalized funds 76,928 Placed into service (34,433 ) Foreign currency translation adjustments (6,770 ) Capitalized interest 5,162 Ending balance $ 192,993 Capitalized Funds On February 8, 2019 , we entered into a student housing development project located in Pamplona, Spain at a total cost of $11.1 million (amount is based on the exchange rate of the euro on the date of acquisition). This property is under construction and is currently projected to be completed in September 2021, at which point, our total investment is expected to be approximately $29.7 million . As there is insufficient equity at risk, the investment is considered to be a VIE ( Note 2 ). During the nine months ended September 30, 2019 , total capitalized funds primarily related to our student housing development projects, which were comprised principally of initial funding of $11.1 million and construction draws of $65.8 million . Capitalized funds include accrued costs of $2.6 million , which is a non-cash investing activity. Capitalized Interest Capitalized interest includes interest incurred during construction as well as amortization of the mortgage discount and deferred financing costs, which totaled $5.2 million during the nine months ended September 30, 2019 , which is a non-cash investing activity. Placed into Service During the three months ended September 30, 2019 , upon the substantial completion of the student housing development project located in Barcelona, Spain, we reclassified $31.3 million from Real estate under construction to Operating real estate — Land, buildings and improvements on our condensed consolidated financial statements. Additionally, during the nine months ended September 30, 2019 , we placed into service $3.1 million relating to the remaining portion of two substantially completed student housing operating properties, all of which are non-cash investing activities. Ending Balance At September 30, 2019 , we had 12 open development projects, with aggregate unfunded commitments of approximately $293.3 million , excluding capitalized interest, accrued costs, and capitalized acquisition fees for our Advisor. Assets and Liabilities Held for Sale Below is a summary of our properties held for sale (in thousands): September 30, 2019 December 31, 2018 Operating real estate — Land, buildings and improvements $ — $ 26,277 In-place lease and other intangible assets — 1,090 Accumulated depreciation and amortization — (3,759 ) Assets held for sale, net $ — $ 23,608 Non-recourse secured debt, net $ — $ 24,250 At December 31, 2018 , we had one multi-family residential property classified as Assets held for sale, net, with a carrying value of $23.6 million , which was encumbered at that date by a non-recourse mortgage loan of $24.3 million . This property was sold in January 2019 and the debt was transferred to the buyer upon sale ( Note 12 ). Equity Investment in Real Estate We classify distributions received from equity method investments using the cumulative earnings approach. Distributions received are considered returns on the investment and classified as cash inflows from operating activities. If, however, the investor’s cumulative distributions received, less distributions received in prior periods determined to be returns of investment, exceeds cumulative equity in earnings recognized, the excess is considered a return of investment and is classified as cash inflows from investing activities. We have an interest in an unconsolidated investment in our Self Storage segment that relates to a joint venture for the development of three self-storage facilities in Canada. This entity was jointly owned with a third party, which is also the general partner of the joint venture. On April 15, 2019, the joint-venture agreement was amended and our ownership and economic interest in the joint venture increased from 90% to 100% . We continue to not consolidate this entity because we are not the primary beneficiary due to shared decision making with the general partner and the nature of our involvement in the activities, which allows us to exercise significant influence, but does not give us power over decisions that significantly affect the economic performance of the entity. On August 15, 2019, we closed on the disposition and transfer of ownership of the development project located in Vaughan, Canada. In conjunction with this disposal, we recognized equity income of $0.2 million during the three months ended September 30, 2019 , which is included in Equity in losses of equity method investment in real estate in our condensed consolidated financial statements. At September 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018 , our total equity investment balance for these self-storage properties was $14.9 million and $18.8 million , respectively, which is included in Accounts receivable and other assets, net in the condensed consolidated financial statements. At September 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018 , the joint venture had total third-party recourse debt of $31.7 million and $28.7 million , respectively. |