FAIR VALUE MEASUREMENTS | NOTE 4 FAIR VALUE MEASUREMENTS GAAP defines fair value as the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. GAAP establishes a fair value hierarchy that prioritizes the use of inputs used in valuation methodologies into the following three levels: Level 1: Inputs to the valuation methodology are quoted prices, unadjusted, for identical assets or liabilities in active markets. A quoted price in an active market provides the most reliable evidence of fair value and shall be used to measure fair value whenever available. Level 2: Inputs to the valuation methodology include quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities in active markets; inputs to the valuation methodology include quoted prices for identical or similar assets or liabilities in markets that are not active; or inputs to the valuation methodology that are derived principally from or can be corroborated by observable market data by correlation or other means. Level 3: Inputs to the valuation methodology are unobservable and significant to the fair value measurement. Level 3 assets and liabilities include financial instruments whose value is determined using discounted cash flow methodologies, as well as instruments for which the determination of fair value requires significant management judgment or estimation. The Companys financial instruments are valued by level within the fair value hierarchy. Assets and liabilities are classified in their entirety based on the lowest level of input that is significant to the fair value measurement. The valuation methodology for each investment type and discussion of key unobservable inputs is described below. The Company often invests in common stocks that are thinly traded where the closing trading price is not considered to be a fair indication of the value for which the Company can sell or buy the common stock. In such cases, as in the case of private-company limited liability company membership interests held by the Company, the common stock must be analyzed to determine what exit price the Company would receive when liquidating the position. These positions are classified as Level 3 securities. The significant unobservable inputs used in the fair value measurement of the Companys Level 3 common stocks are recent open market and non open-market transactions with unrelated parties. Increases or decreases in any of those inputs in isolation would result in a lower or higher fair value measurement, respectively. The Company has warrants and call options to purchase common stock in illiquid public companies. Generally, there is no established market for these investments. The Company values these warrants and call options by using a model that takes into consideration the exercise or call price of the warrant or call option, the price of the underlying common stock and the expiration date of the warrant or call option. The significant unobservable inputs used in the fair value measurement of the Companys warrants and call options includes the price of the underlying thinly traded common stock, duration and discount rate and volatility. Increases or decreases in the premium-to-parity would result in a higher or lower fair value measurement, respectively Common Stocks Generally, when the Company invests in common stocks that are traded on the NASDAQ Markets or over-the-counter markets (such as the OTCBB, OTCQB or OTC Pink marketplaces), such common stocks are valued at the last traded price. If there is no trade on a measurement date, the Company will typically value the common stock at the closing bid price. However, in certain circumstances, the closing trading price is not considered to be a fair Limited Liability Company Interests From time to time, the Company has investments in private limited liability companies. Generally, there is no established market for these investments. The Company values these interests by means of both quantitative and qualitative measures, generally including the financial stability of the company, the economic rights of the interests and the economic prospects of the company. The significant unobservable input used in the fair value measurement of the Companys limited liability company investments is the expected recovery of contributed capital. Increases or decreases in the expected recovery would result in a higher or lower fair value measurement, respectively. Derivative Financial Instruments Derivative financial instruments include call options and warrants at September 30, 2015 and December 31, 2014. Derivatives are accounted for at fair value with changes in fair value reported in operations. The significant unobservable inputs used in the fair value measurement of the Companys derivative financial instruments include the underlying common stock, duration, volatility and discount rate, which are used in the option pricing model. Changes to any of those inputs in isolation would result in fluctuations in the fair value measurement. Quantitative Information about Level 3 Fair Value Measurements at September 30, 2015 Fair Value Valuation Unobservable Range Assets Common Stock $ 8,897,917 Recent sales January 2015 October, 2015 Real Estate Company Investments 277,500 Recent sales July 2015 2014 Call Options 974,025 Option pricing model Duration 0.2 1.2 years Series B Warrants 1,712,109 Option pricing model Duration 0.2 1.2 years Total assets held at fair value $ 11,861,551 Liabilities Third-Party Call Options $ (387,947 ) Option pricing model Duration 2.5 2.7 years Total liabilities held at fair value $ (387,947 ) Financial instruments, net are comprised of the following at September 30, 2015. Cost Estimated ASSETS Common Stock $ 1,005,182 $ 8,897,916 Real Estate Company Investments 277,500 277,500 2014 Call Options 450 974,025 Series B Warrants 1,712,109 1,283,132 11,861,551 LIABILITIES Third-Party Call Options $ $ (387,947 ) $ $ (387,947 ) Financial instruments, net are comprised of the following at December 31, 2014. Cost Estimated ASSETS Common Stocks $ 6,212 $ 8,018,621 2014 Call Options 2,492 6,644,680 Series A Warrants 9,947,368 Series B Warrants 4,227,632 $ 8,704 $ 28,838,301 LIABILITIES Warrant Put Option $ $ (9,973,684 ) During the first quarter of 2014, the Company purchased shares in a company (other than Twinlab) traded on the OTC Markets for a total of $2,919. The Company currently categorizes these holdings as Level 3 assets. As of September 30, 2015, this investment is carried at $0 value under managements valuation guidelines. In August 2014, the Company purchased 10,987,500 split-adjusted shares of common stock of Twinlab in private transactions from 25 shareholders for total consideration of $3,296. In August 2014, the Company purchased options to acquire 8,743,000 outstanding shares of Twinlabs Common Stock (collectively, the 2014 Call Options) in a private transaction from 14 stockholders, for total consideration of $2,623. The 2014 Call Options exercise price was $0.0001 per share and the term of the 2014 Call Options expired in August 2015. Such options were immediately exercisable and in February 2015, the Company exercised 7,244,500 of those options. In September 2014, Twinlab issued to the Company a Series A Warrant to purchase up to 52,631,579 shares of Twinlabs Common Stock at an exercise price of $0.76 per share (the Series A Warrant) and a Series B Warrant to purchase up to 22,368,421 shares of Twinlabs Common Stock at an exercise price of $0.76 per share (the Series B Warrant). Both the Series A Warrant and the Series B Warrant were exercisable from October 2014 through October 2017. Twinlab and the Company also entered into a Common Stock Put Agreement, dated as of September 30, 2014, as amended on December 15, 2014 (the Put Agreement). Pursuant to the Put Agreement, if the Company did not exercise the Series A Warrant by February 16, 2015 and thereafter at a rate of no less than 1,461,988 shares of Common Stock (the Minimum Amount) per month (the Minimum Rate) over the term of the Series A Warrant, Twinlab had the right (subject to certain conditions) to require the Company to exercise the Series A Warrant at the Minimum Rate for the duration of the Series A Warrant. During the nine months ended September 30, 2015, the Company sold an aggregate of 3,976,647 units of Twinlab securities to various unrelated third party accredited investors. Each unit consisted of one share of (unrestricted) Twinlab common stock and a detachable call option to purchase from the Company, for $1.00 per share, one (restricted) share of Twinlab common stock. The term of each such call option was three years from the respective unit sale date. In addition, during the nine months ended September 30, 2015, the Company sold an aggregate of 1,445,360 shares of (unrestricted) Twinlab common stock (without any associated detachable call options) to various unrelated third party accredited investors, for $0.76 per share. Twinlab and the Company also entered into a Compromise Agreement and Release and an Amendment No. 1 to Series B Warrant, each dated as of May 28, 2015, pursuant to which, among other things: (a) the Company surrendered the entire remaining-unexercised portion of the Series A Warrant (51,973,684 warrants) and 4,368,421 of the warrants under the Series B Warrant; (b) the Put Agreement was terminated; (c) the remaining 18,000,000 warrants under the Series B Warrant were deemed divided into four tranches, each with an associated date beyond which it would no longer be exercisable: one tranche for 2,000,000 warrant shares (no longer exercisable after November 30, 2015), one for 4,000,000 warrant shares (no longer exercisable after March 31, 2016), one for 6,000,000 warrant shares (no longer exercisable after July 31, 2016) and another for 6,000,000 warrant shares (no longer exercisable after November 30, 2016); and (d) the Company granted Twinlab three contingent call options, at $0.01 per share, to acquire Twinlab shares from the Company to the extent that upon effective expiration of the second, third and fourth tranches the Company had not exercised the warrants within such tranches (the Contingent Call Options). The three Contingent Call Options would be for a number of Twinlab shares equal to 25% of such unexercised warrants (i.e., a maximum of 1,000,000 shares if the Company exercised no warrants from the second tranche, a maximum of 1,500,000 shares if the Company exercised no warrants from the third tranche and a maximum of 1,500,000 shares if the Company exercised no warrants from the fourth tranche). In addition, Twinlab cannot exercise a Contingent Call Option unless it has satisfied such options Liquidity Condition, namely that for each of the three or four months before the tranches effective expiration date Twinlab must have a financial position sufficient to show a 1.15x fixed charge coverage ratio for a certain trailing period, all as defined by Twinlabs Credit and Security Agreement dated January 22, 2015. Twinlab also agreed in the Compromise Agreement and Release that, given that the Company has identified, and may in the future identify, to Twinlab on a confidential basis persons to whom the Company might sell the Companys Twinlab shares, Twinlab shall not, without the Companys prior written consent, privately place Twinlab equity securities to any persons theretofore or thereafter first introduced to Twinlab by the Company; provided that Twinlab may, without the Companys consent, privately place Twinlab equity securities to such a person at any time after the earlier of (a) the date the entire Series B Warrant has expired and/or been exercised, or (b) the first anniversary of such particular introduction. On October 1, 2015, Twinlab and the Company entered into Amendment No. 1 to Agreement for Limited Waiver of Non-Circumvention Provision and to Compromise Agreement and Release, pursuant to which a prior agreement calling for contingent payments of cash and equity to the Company was amended to remove the Companys right to any such contingent payments of cash and equity compensation, and in return the three Contingent Call Options were immediately eliminated. The Contingent Call Options were valued at $0 at September 30, 2015. In July 2015, in exchange for $277,500, the Company acquired a 20% interest in privately-held Western New York real estate companies LC Strategic Realty, LLC and LC Strategic Holdings, LLC, as well as in all other business conducted or to be conducted by the firms majority holders to the extent such other business has a primary focus on (a) real estate (subject to the exclusion of certain specified projects), (b) media/entertainment/show business, or (c) endorsements/advertisements/personal appearances/use of likeness/monetization of celebrity. Fair Value of Financial Instruments The Company's financial instruments recorded at fair value have been categorized based upon a fair value hierarchy. The following fair value hierarchy table presents information about the Company's financial instruments measured at fair value. Assets and Liabilities Measured at Fair Value on a Recurring Basis September 30, 2015 Level 1 Level 2 Level 3 Total Assets Financial instruments, at fair value: Common Stocks $ $ $ 8,897,917 $ 8,897,917 Real Estate Company Investments 277,500 277,500 2014 Call Options 974,025 974,025 Series B Warrants 1,712,109 1,712,109 Total financial instruments, at fair value 11,861,551 11,861,551 Total assets held at fair value $ $ $ 11,861,551 $ 11,861,551 Liabilities Financial instruments, at fair value: Third-Party Call Options $ $ $ 387,947 $ 387,947 Total liabilities held at fair value $ $ $ 387,947 $ 387,947 Assets and Liabilities Measured at Fair Value on a Recurring Basis December 31, 2014 Level 1 Level 2 Level 3 Total Assets Financial instruments, at fair value: Common Stocks $ $ $ 8,018,621 $ 8,018,621 2014 Call Options 6,644,680 6,644,680 Series A Warrants 9,947,368 9,947,368 Series B Warrants 4,227,632 4,227,632 Total Financial instruments, at fair value 28,838,301 28,838,301 Total assets held at fair value $ $ $ 28,838,301 $ 28,838,301 Liabilities Financial instruments, at fair value: Warrant Put Option 9,973,684 9,973,684 Total liabilities held at fair value $ $ $ 9,973,684 $ 9,973,684 This hierarchy requires the Company to use observable market data, when available, and to minimize the use of unobservable inputs when determining fair value. For some products or in certain market conditions, observable inputs used in valuing certain financial assets and liabilities were unavailable. In situations where there is little, if any, market activity for an asset or liability at the measurement date, the fair value measurement objective remains to measure the financial asset at the price that would be received by the holder of the financial asset (or liability) in an orderly transaction that is not a forced liquidation or distressed sale at the measurement date. The following table includes a roll forward of the amounts for the nine months ended September 30, 2015 for financial instruments classified within Level 3. The classification of a financial instrument within Level 3 is based upon the significance of the unobservable inputs to the overall fair value measurement. Level 3 Recurring Fair Value Measurements For the Three Months Ended September 30, 2015 Common Stock Real Estate Company Investments 2014 Call Options Series A Warrants Series B Warrants Put Option Liability Third-Party Call Options Liability Contingent Call Options Liability Total Fair value, net, July 1, 2015 $ 10,649,197 $ $ 1,138,860 $ $ 2,366,784 $ $ (621,977 ) $ (225,599 ) $ 13,307,265 Realized / unrealized gains (losses) included in earnings (1,506,909 ) (164,835 ) (654,675 ) 234,030 225,599 (1,866,790 ) Purchases 1 500,000 277,500 777,500 Sales (744,371 ) (744,371 ) Settlements / exercises Transfers in and /or out of Level 3 Fair value , net, September 30, 2015 $ 8,897,917 $ 277,500 $ 974,025 $ 1,712,109 $ $ (387,947 ) $ $ 11,473,604 Unrealized gains (losses) still held $ 7,892,735 $ $ 973,575 $ $ 1,712,109 $ $ (387,947 ) $ $ 10,190,472 1 Level 3 Recurring Fair Value Measurements For the Nine Months Ended September 30, 2015 Common Stock Real Estate Company Investments 2014 Call Options Series A Warrants Series B Warrants Put Option Liability Third-Party Call Options Liability Contingent Call Options Liability Total Fair value, net, January 1, 2015 $ 8,018,621 $ $ 6,644,680 $ 9,947,368 $ 4,227,632 $ (9,973,684 ) $ $ 18,864,617 Realized / unrealized gains (losses) included in earnings (2,128,941 ) (164,835 ) (9,823,026 ) (2,515,523 ) 9,849,013 234,030 (4,549,282 ) Purchases 1 6,505,820 277,500 6,783,320 Sales (3,497,583 ) (621,977 ) (4,119,560 ) Settlements / exercises (5,505,820 ) (124,342 ) 124,671 (5,505,491 ) Transfers in and /or out of Level 3 Fair value , net, September 30, 2015 $ 8,897,917 $ 277,500 $ 974,025 $ 1,712,109 $ $ (387,947 ) $ 11,473,604 Unrealized gains (losses) still held $ 7,892,735 $ $ 973,575 $ $ 1,712,109 $ $ (387,947 ) $ 10,190,472 1 |