Summary of Significant Accounting Policies | 2. Summary of Significant Accounting Policies Basis of Presentation The condensed consolidated financial statements included herein have been prepared by the Company, without audit, pursuant to the rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission. Certain information and footnote disclosures normally included in financial statements prepared in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles have been omitted. However, in the opinion of management, all adjustments (which include only normal recurring adjustments, unless otherwise indicated) necessary to present fairly the financial position and results of operations for the periods presented have been made. The results for interim periods are not necessarily indicative of trends or of results to be expected for the full year. These financial statements should be read in conjunction with the financial statements of the Company for the year ended December 31, 2021 (including the notes thereto) set forth in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10- K for that period. Use of Estimates The preparation of the Company’s financial statements in conformity with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the amounts reported in the financial statements and accompanying notes. Actual results could differ from such estimates. Cash, Cash Equivalents, and Short-Term Investments The Company considers all highly liquid investments with original maturities at the date of purchase of three months or less to be cash equivalents. Cash and cash equivalents include bank demand deposits, marketable securities with maturities of three months or less at purchase, and money market funds that invest primarily in certificates of deposits, commercial paper and U.S. government and U.S. government agency obligations. Cash equivalents are reported at fair value . Concentration of Credit Risk Financial instruments that potentially subject the Company to concentrations of credit risk are primarily cash and cash equivalents. The Company is exposed to credit risk, subject to federal deposit insurance, in the event of a default by the financial institutions holding its cash and cash equivalents to the extent of amounts recorded on the condensed consolidated balance sheets. The cash accounts are insured by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation up to $ 250,000 Segment and Geographic Information Operating segments are defined as components of an enterprise about which separate discrete information is available for evaluation by the chief operating decision maker, or decision-making group, in deciding how to allocate resources and in assessing performance. The Company views its operations and manages its business in one operating segment and does not segment the business for internal reporting or decision making. Fair Value of Financial Instruments In accordance with the reporting requirements of Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) Accounting Standards Codification (ASC) Topic 825, “ Financial Instruments” Cash, cash equivalents and accounts payable are accounted for at cost which approximates fair value due to the relatively short maturity of these instruments. The carrying value of the Company’s investment in the common stock of Statera BioPharma, Inc. (“STAB”) reflects an asset impairment charge taken in the second quarter of 2022 and is carried at zero in the consolidated balance sheet. The carrying value of notes payable approximate fair value since they bear market rates of interest and other terms. None of these instruments are held for trading purposes. Research and Development Costs Research and development costs are charged to expense as incurred and are typically comprised of expenses associated with advancing the commercialization of our technologies. The Company did not incur any research and development costs during the nine months ended September 30, 2022. Income Taxes The Company follows ASC Topic 740, Income Taxes, which requires recognition of deferred tax assets and liabilities for the expected future tax consequences of events that have been included in the financial statements or tax returns. Under this method, deferred tax assets and liabilities are based on the differences between the financial statements and tax bases of assets and liabilities using enacted tax rates in effect for the year in which the differences are expected to reverse. Deferred tax assets are reduced by a valuation allowance to the extent management concludes it is more likely than not that the asset will not be realized. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are measured using enacted tax rates expected to apply to taxable income in the years in which those temporary differences are expected to be recovered or settled. The standard addresses the determination of whether tax benefits claimed or expected to be claimed on a tax return should be recorded in the financial statements. Under ASC Topic 740, the Company may recognize the tax benefit from an uncertain tax position only if it is more likely than not that the tax position will be sustained on examination by the tax authorities, based on the technical merits of the position. The tax benefits recognized in the financial statements from such a position should be measured based on the largest benefit that has a greater than fifty percent likelihood of being realized upon ultimate settlement. ASC Topic 740 also provides guidance on de-recognition, classification, interest and penalties on income taxes, accounting in interim periods and requires increased disclosures. At the date of adoption, and as of September 30, 2022 and 2021, the Company does not have a liability for unrecognized tax uncertainties. The Company’s policy is to record interest and penalties on uncertain tax positions as income tax expense. As of September 30, 2022, and 2021, the Company does not have any interest or penalties related to uncertain tax positions. Stock-Based Compensation and Issuance of Common Stock for Non-Cash Consideration The Company measures and recognizes compensation expense for share-based awards based on estimated fair values equaling either the market value of the shares issued, or the value of consideration received, whichever is more readily determinable. Generally, the non-cash consideration pertains to services rendered by consultants and others and has been valued at the fair value of the Company’s common stock at the date of the agreement. The Company’s accounting policy for equity instruments issued to consultants and vendors in exchange for goods and services follows the provisions of ASC Topic 718, “ Compensation-Stock Compensation On September 20, 2022, the Company issued 50,000 93,500 1.87 49,500 0.05 2,463 The Company did not issue any stock-based compensation awards during the nine months ended September 30, 2021. Net Income per Share For the nine-and three- month periods ended September 30, 2022, basic and diluted net loss per share is calculated by dividing the net loss by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding for the period, without consideration for common stock equivalents. For the nine and three- month periods ended September 30, 2021, diluted income per share was calculated by dividing the net income by the weighted-average number of common shares outstanding for the period determined using the treasury-stock method and the if-converted method. A reconciliation of the weighted average shares outstanding used in basic and diluted earnings per share for the periods ended in 202 are as follows: Schedule of Basic and Diluted Earnings per Share Three Months ended Nine Months ended September 30, 2021 Basic EPS Income available to common shareholders (Numerator) $ 3,112,940 $ 3,790,645 Weighted average common shares (Denominator) 483,714 482,527 Basic EPS $ 6.44 $ 7.86 Diluted EPS Income available to common shareholders (Numerator) $ 3,112,940 $ 3,790,645 Weighted average common shares 483,714 482,527 Weighted average common shares assuming exercise of outstanding warrants 12,507,218 12,507,218 Denominator 12,990,932 12,989,745 Diluted EPS $ 0.24 $ 0.29 Recent Accounting Standards The Company has reviewed the accounting pronouncements issued by the Financial Accounting Standards Board during the nine months ended September 30, 2022. In August 2020, the FASB issued ASU-2020-06, Debt - Debt with Conversion and Other Options (Subtopic 470-20) and Derivatives and Hedging – Contracts in Entity’s Own Equity (Subtopic 815-40): Accounting for Convertible Instruments and Contract in an Entity’s Own Equity (“ASU 2020-06). ASU 2020-06 simplifies the accounting for convertible debt by eliminating the beneficial conversion and cash conversion accounting models. Upon the adoption of ASU 2020-06, convertible debt proceeds, unless issued with a substantial premium or an embedded conversion feature that is not clearly and closely related to the host contract, will no longer be allocated between debt and equity components. ASU 2020-06 will reduce the issue discount and result in less non-cash interest in the financial statements. ASU 2020-06 revises the earnings per share calculation and requires entities to assume share settlement when the convertible debt can be settled in cash or shares. The type of contracts primarily affected by ASU 2020-06 are freestanding and embedded features that are accounted for as derivatives under the current guidance due to a failure to meet the settlement conditions of the derivative scope exception. ASU 2020-06 simplifies the related settlement assessment by removing the requirements to (i) consider whether the contract would be settled in registered shares, (ii) consider whether collateral is required to be posted, and (iii) assess shareholder rights. ASU 2020-06 is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 23, 2023. Early adoption is permitted, but no earlier than fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2020, and only if adopted as of the beginning of such fiscal year. The Company has adopted ASU 2020-06 effective January 1, 2022. Management does not believe there are other significant accounting pronouncements has had or will have a material impact on the Company’s consolidated financial statements. |