Summary of Significant Accounting Policies | SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES A summary of the significant accounting policies consistently applied in the preparation of the accompanying consolidated financial statements follows: Basis of Presentation The consolidated financial statements have been prepared in conformity with GAAP. Principles of Consolidation The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of the Company and its wholly-owned subsidiaries as follows: Subsidiary Apartment Complex Number Property Location RRE Opportunity Holdings II, LLC N/A N/A N/A RRE Opportunity OP II, LP N/A N/A N/A RRE Bear Creek Holdings, LLC, or Bear Creek Adair off Addison 152 Dallas, TX RRE Oak Hill Holdings, LLC, or Oak Hill Overton Trails Apartment Homes 360 Fort Worth, TX RRE Buckhead Holdings, LLC, or Buckhead Uptown Buckhead 216 Atlanta, GA RRE Farrington Holdings, LLC, or Farrington Crosstown at Chapel Hill 411 Chapel Hill, NC RRE Mayfair Chateau Holdings, LLC, or Mayfair Chateau The Brookwood 274 Homewood, AL RRE Fairways of Bent Tree Holdings, LLC, or Fairways of Bent Tree Adair off Addison Apartment Homes 200 Dallas, TX RRE Montclair Terrace Holdings, LLC, or Montclair Holdings Montclair Terrace 188 Portland, OR RRE Grand Reserve Holdings, LLC, or Grand Reserve Grand Reserve 319 Naperville, IL RRE Canterwood Holdings, LLC, or Canterwood Verdant Apartment Homes 216 Boulder, CO RRE Spalding Crossing Holdings, LLC, or Spalding Crossing 1000 Spalding Apartment Homes 252 Atlanta, GA RRE Fox Ridge Holdings, LLC, or Fox Ridge Arcadia Apartment Homes 300 Centennial, CO RRE Riverlodge Holdings, LLC, or Riverlodge Ravina Apartment Homes 498 Austin, TX RRE Breckenridge Holdings, LLC, or Breckenridge 81 Fifty at West Hills Apartment Homes 357 Portland, OR RRE Santa Rosa Holdings, LLC, or Santa Rosa The Palmer at Las Colinas 476 Irving, TX RRE Windbrooke Holdings, LLC, or Windbrooke Crossing Windbrooke Crossing 236 Buffalo Grove, IL RRE Woods Holdings, LLC, or The Woods of Burnsville The Woods of Burnsville 400 Burnsville, MN RRE Indigo Creek Holdings, LLC Indigo Creek 408 Glendale, AZ RRE Martin's Point Holdings, LLC Martin's Point 256 Lombard, IL N/A - Not Applicable All intercompany accounts and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation. Segment Reporting The Company does not evaluate performance on a relationship-specific or transactional basis and does not distinguish its principal business or group its operations on a geographical basis for purposes of measuring performance. Accordingly, the Company believes it has a single operating segment for reporting purposes in accordance with GAAP. Use of Estimates The preparation of the consolidated financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the amounts reported in the financial statements and accompanying notes. Actual results could differ from those estimates. Rental Properties The Company records acquired rental properties at fair value on their acquisition date. The Company considers the period of future benefit of an asset to determine its appropriate useful life, and depreciates the asset using the straight line method. The Company's estimated useful lives of its assets by class are as follows: Buildings 27.5 years Building improvements 5.0 to 27.5 years Furniture, fixtures and equipment 3.0 to 5.0 years Tenant improvements Shorter of lease term or expected useful life Lease intangibles Remaining term of related lease Improvements and replacements in excess of $1,000 are capitalized when they have a useful life greater than or equal to one year. The Manager earns a construction management fee of 5.0% of actual aggregate costs to construct improvements, or to repair, rehab or reconstruct a property. These costs are capitalized along with the related asset. Costs of repairs and maintenance are expensed as incurred. As four of the Company's multifamily properties are located in the Dallas-Fort Worth area, two properties are located in the Chicago area, two properties are located in Portland, Oregon, two properties are located in the Atlanta area and two properties are located in the Denver area, the Company's portfolio is currently particularly susceptible to adverse economic developments in these real estate markets. Any adverse economic or real estate developments in these markets, such as business layoffs or downsizing, industry slowdowns, relocations of businesses, changing demographics and other factors, or any decrease in demand for multifamily rentals resulting from the local business climate, could negatively affect the Company's liquidity and adversely affect its ability to fund its ongoing operations. Impairment of Long Lived Assets When circumstances indicate the carrying value of a property may not be recoverable, the Company reviews the asset for impairment. This review is based on an estimate of the future undiscounted cash flows, excluding interest charges, expected to result from the property’s use and eventual disposition. These estimates consider factors such as expected future operating income, market and other applicable trends and residual value, as well as the effects of leasing demand, competition and other factors. If an impairment exists, due to the Company's inability to recover the carrying value of a property, an impairment loss will be recorded to the extent that the carrying value exceeds the estimated fair value of the property for properties to be held and used. For properties held for sale, the impairment loss is the adjustment to fair value less estimated cost to dispose of the asset. These assessments have a direct impact on net income because recording an impairment loss results in an immediate negative adjustment to net income. The Company did not recognize any impairment charges during the three and six months ended June 30, 2018 and 2017 . Allocation of Purchase Price of Acquired Assets On January 1, 2018, the Company adopted ASU 2017-01, Business Combinations (Topic 805): Clarifying the Definition of a Business ("ASU 2017-01"). Acquisitions that do not meet the definition of a business under this guidance are accounted for as asset acquisitions. In most cases, the Company believes that acquisitions of real estate will no longer be considered a business combination as in most cases substantially all of the fair value is concentrated in a single identifiable asset or group of tangible assets that are physically attached to each other (land and building). However, if the Company determines that substantially all of the fair value of the gross assets acquired is not concentrated in either a single identifiable asset or in a group of similar identifiable assets, the screen is not met, and the Company will then perform an assessment to determine whether the set is a business by using the framework outlined in the ASU. If the Company determines that the acquired asset is not a business, the Company will allocate the cost of the acquisition including transaction costs to the assets acquired or liabilities assumed on their related fair value. Upon the acquisition of real properties, the Company allocates the purchase price to acquired tangible assets, consisting of land, buildings, fixtures and improvements, identified intangible lease assets, consisting of the value of above-market and below-market leases, as applicable, the value of in-place leases, the value of tenant relationships, and liabilities, based in each case on their fair values. The Company records above-market and below-market in-place lease values for acquired properties based on the present value (using an interest rate that reflects the risks associated with the leases acquired) of the difference between (i) the contractual amounts to be paid pursuant to the in-place leases and (ii) management’s estimate of fair market lease rates for the corresponding in-place leases, measured over a period equal to the remaining non-cancelable term of the lease. The Company amortizes any capitalized above-market or below-market lease values as an increase or reduction to rental income over the remaining non-cancelable terms of the respective leases. The Company measures the aggregate value of other intangible assets acquired based on the difference between (i) the property valued with existing in-place leases adjusted to market rental rates and (ii) the property valued as if vacant. Management’s estimates of value are determined by independent appraisers (e.g., discounted cash flow analysis). Factors to be considered in the analysis include an estimate of carrying costs during hypothetical expected lease-up periods considering current market conditions and costs to execute similar leases. In estimating carrying costs, management includes real estate taxes, insurance and other operating expenses and estimates of lost rentals at market rates during the expected lease-up periods. Management also estimates costs to execute similar leases including leasing commissions and legal and other related expenses to the extent that such costs have not already been incurred in connection with a new lease origination as part of the transaction. The total amount of other intangible assets acquired is further allocated to customer relationship intangible values based on management’s evaluation of the specific characteristics of each tenant’s lease and the Company’s overall relationship with that respective tenant. Characteristics considered by management in allocating these values include the nature and extent of the Company’s existing business relationships with the tenant, growth prospects for developing new business with the tenant, the tenant’s credit quality and expectations of lease renewals (including those existing under the terms of the lease agreement), among other factors. The Company amortizes the value of in-place leases to expense over the remaining term of the underlying leases. The value of customer relationship intangibles is amortized to expense over the initial term and any renewal periods in the respective leases, but in no event does amortization periods for the intangible assets exceed the remaining depreciable life of the building. The determination of the fair value of the assets and liabilities acquired requires the use of significant assumptions with regard to current market rental rates, discount rates and other variables. The use of inappropriate estimates would result in an incorrect assessment of the fair value of these assets and liabilities, which could impact the Company's reported net income (loss). Revenue Recognition The Company recognizes minimum rent, including rental abatements and contractual fixed increases attributable to operating leases, on a straight-line basis over the term of the related lease. The future minimum rental payments to be received from noncancelable operating leases are $49.3 million and $1.4 million for the 12-month periods ending June 30, 2019 and 2020 , respectively, and none thereafter. Revenue is primarily derived from the rental of residential housing units for which the Company receives minimum rents and utility reimbursements pursuant to underlying tenant lease agreements. The Company also receives other ancillary fees for administration of leases, late payments, amenities and revenue sharing arrangements of cable income from contracts with cable providers at the Company's properties. The Company records utility reimbursement income and the ancillary charges in the period in which they are earned or received and records the reimbursements in the period in which the related expenses are incurred. Tenant Receivables The Company makes estimates of the collectability of its tenant receivables related to base rents, including straight-line rentals, expense reimbursements and other revenue or income. The Company specifically analyzes accounts receivable and historic bad debts, tenant creditworthiness, current economic trends when evaluating the adequacy of the allowance for doubtful accounts. In addition, with respect to tenants in bankruptcy, the Company makes estimates of the expected recovery of pre-petition and post-petition claims in assessing the estimated collectability of the related receivable. The Company writes off receivables when they become uncollectible. In some cases, the ultimate resolution of these claims can exceed one year . At both June 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017 , there were allowances for uncollectible accounts of approximately $5,000 . Income Taxes The Company elected to be taxed as a REIT, commencing with its taxable year ended December 31, 2014. To maintain its REIT qualification for U.S. federal income tax purposes, the Company is generally required to distribute at least 90% of its taxable net income (excluding net capital gains) to its stockholders as well as comply with other requirements, including certain asset, income and stock ownership tests. As a REIT, the Company is not subject to federal corporate income tax to the extent that it distributes 100% of its REIT taxable income each year. If the Company fails to qualify as a REIT, and does not qualify for certain statutory relief provisions, it is subject to U.S. federal, state and local income taxes and may be precluded from qualifying as a REIT for the subsequent four taxable years following the year in which it fails its REIT qualification. Accordingly, the Company’s failure to qualify as a REIT could have a material adverse impact on its results of operations and amounts available for distribution to its stockholders. The dividends paid deduction of a REIT for qualifying dividends to its stockholders is computed using the Company’s taxable income as opposed to net income reported on the financial statements. Taxable income, generally, will differ from net income reported on the financial statements because the determination of taxable income is based on tax provisions and not financial accounting principles. The Company may elect to treat certain of its subsidiaries as taxable REIT subsidiaries (“TRSs”). In general, the Company’s TRSs may hold assets and engage in activities that the Company cannot hold or engage in directly and generally may engage in any real estate or non-real estate-related business. A TRS is subject to U.S. federal, state and local corporate income taxes. While a TRS may generate net income, a TRS can declare dividends to the Company which will be included in the Company’s taxable income and necessitate a distribution to its stockholders. Conversely, if the Company retains earnings at a TRS level, no distribution is required and the Company can increase book equity of the consolidated entity. As of June 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017 , the Company had no TRSs. The Company evaluates the benefits from tax positions taken or expected to be taken in its tax return. Only the largest amount of benefits from tax positions that will more likely than not be sustainable upon examination are recognized by the Company. The Company does not have any unrecognized tax benefits, nor interest and penalties, recorded in its consolidated financial statements and does not anticipate significant adjustments to the total amount of unrecognized tax benefits within the next 12 months. Legislation commonly known as the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act ("TCJA") was signed into law on December 22, 2017. The TCJA makes significant changes to the U.S. federal income tax rules for taxation of individuals and corporations (including REIT's), generally effective for taxable years beginning after December 31, 2017. The Company is continuing to evaluate this legislation but it does not expect it to have a significant impact. The Company is subject to examination by the U.S. Internal Revenue Service and by the taxing authorities in other states in which the Company has significant business operations. The Company is not currently undergoing any examinations by taxing authorities. The Company is not subject to IRS examination for the tax return years 2013 and prior. Earnings Per Share Basic earnings (loss) per share is calculated on the basis of the weighted-average number of common shares outstanding during the year. Basic earnings (loss) per share is computed by dividing income available to common shareholders by the weighted-average common shares outstanding during the period. Diluted earnings per share takes into account the potential dilution that could occur if securities or other contracts to issue common stock were exercised and converted to common stock. None of the convertible shares (see Note 10) are included in the diluted earnings per share calculations because the necessary conditions for conversion have not been satisfied as of June 30, 2018 (were such date to represent the end of the contingency period). For the three and six months ended June 30, 2018 and 2017 , common shares potentially issuable to settle distributions payable are excluded from the calculation of diluted earnings per share calculations, as their inclusion would be anti-dilutive. Adoption of New Accounting Standards In May 2014, the Financial Accounting Standards Board ("FASB") issued ASU No. 2014-09, “Revenue from Contracts with Customers” ("ASU No. 2014-09"), which will replace most existing revenue recognition guidance in GAAP. Under the new standard, revenue is recognized when persuasive evidence of an arrangement exists, delivery has occurred, the fee is fixed or determinable, and collectability is probable. ASU No. 2014-09 requires additional disclosure about the nature, amount, timing and uncertainty of revenue and cash flows arising from customer contracts, including significant judgments and changes in judgments. The Company adopted ASU 2014-09 as of January 1, 2018 using the modified retrospective approach. The majority of the Company’s revenue is derived from residential rental income and other lease income, which are scoped out from this standard and included in the current lease accounting framework, and will be accounted for under ASU No. 2016-02, Leases, as discussed below. Revenue streams that are in the scope of the new standards include (but are not limited to) administrative and late fees and revenue sharing arrangements of cable income from contracts with cable providers at the Company's properties. The accounting for these revenue streams were not affected by the adoption of ASU 2014-09, nor was there a cumulative effect of initially applying the standard. In August 2016, FASB issued ASU No. 2016-15 "Classification of Certain Cash Receipts and Cash Payments", which addresses eight specific cash flow issues with the objective of reducing existing diversity in practice. On January 1, 2018, the Company adopted ASU No. 2016-18, which requires restricted cash to be included with cash and cash equivalents as part of the reconciliation of beginning and end of period balances within the consolidated statements of cash flows. In November 2016, FASB issued ASU No. 2016-18, "Statement of Cash Flows (Topic 230): Restricted Cash," which provides guidance on the classification of restricted cash in the statement of cash flows. On January 1, 2018, the Company adopted ASU No. 2016-18 and the adoption did not have a material effect on its consolidated financial statements and disclosures. As a result of adopting the new guidance, approximately $642,000 and $700,000 of restricted cash, which were previously included as operating cash outflows and investing cash inflows within the consolidated statements of cash flows for the six months ended June 30, 2017 , respectively, have been removed and are now included in the cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash line items at the beginning and the end of period. In January 2017, FASB issued ASU No. 2017-01, "Business Combinations (Topic 850): Clarifying the Definition of Business", which clarifies the definition of a business with the objective of adding guidance to assist entities with evaluating whether transactions should be accounted for as acquisitions (or disposals) of businesses. On January 1, 2018, the Company adopted ASU No. 2017-01 and the adoption did not have a material effect on its consolidated financial statements and disclosures since the Company did not acquire any properties during the six months ended June 30, 2017 . The Company believes future rental property acquisitions will be accounted for as asset acquisitions, not business combinations. Accounting Standards Issued But Not Yet Effective In February 2016, FASB issued ASU No. 2016-02, "Leases" ("ASU No. 2016-02"), as amended by ASU 2018-10, which is intended to improve financial reporting about leasing transactions and requires organizations that lease assets to recognize on the balance sheet the assets and liabilities for the rights and obligations created by those leases. In September 2017, FASB issued ASU 2017-13, "Revenue Recognition (Topic 605), Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606), Leases (Topic 840), and Leases (Topic 842)", which provides additional implementation guidance on the previously issued ASU No. 2016-02 Leases (Topic 842). ASU No. 2016-02 is effective for fiscal years, and interim periods within those fiscal years, beginning after December 15, 2018. The Company is continuing to evaluate this guidance however, the Company expects that its operating leases where it is the lessor will be accounted for on its balance sheet similar to its current accounting with the underlying leased asset recognized as real estate. The Company expects that executory costs and certain other non-lease components will need to be accounted for separately from the lease component of the lease with the lease component continuing to be recognized on a straight-line basis over the lease term and the executory costs and certain other non-lease components being accounted for under the new revenue recognition guidance in ASU 2014-09. For leases in which the Company is the lessee, primarily consisting of office equipment leases, the Company expects to recognize a right-of-use asset and a lease liability equal to the present value of the minimum lease payments with rental payments being applied to the lease liability and to interest expense and the right-of-use asset being amortized to expense on a straight-line basis over the term of the lease. In June 2016, FASB issued ASU No. 2016-13, “Financial Instruments - Credit Losses”, which requires measurement and recognition of expected credit losses for financial assets held. ASU No. 2016-13 will be effective for the Company beginning January 1, 2019. The Company is evaluating this guidance; however, it does not expect the adoption of ASU No. 2016-13 to have a significant impact on its consolidated financial statements. In January 2017, FASB issued ASU No. 2017-04, "Intangibles- Goodwill and Other (Topic 350): Simplifying the Accounting for Goodwill Impairment", which alters the current goodwill impairment testing procedures. ASU No. 2017-04 will be effective for the Company beginning December 15, 2019. Early application is permitted. The Company is evaluating this guidance and assessing the impact of this guidance on its consolidated financial statements. Since the Company has no recorded goodwill, there is no expected impact upon adoption. In August 2017, FASB issued ASU No. 2017-12, "Derivatives and Hedging (Topic 815): Targeted Improvements to Accounting for Hedging Activities", which expands and refines hedge accounting for both financial and non-financial risk components, aligns the recognition and presentation of the effects of hedging instruments and hedge items in the financial statements, and includes certain targeted improvements to ease the application of current guidance related to the assessment of hedge effectiveness. The update to the standard is effective for the Company on January 1, 2019, with early adoption permitted in any interim period. The Company is continuing to evaluate this guidance and assessing the impact of this guidance on its consolidated financial statements. In July 2018, FASB issued ASU 2018-09, "Codification Improvements." This standard does not prescribe any new accounting guidance, but instead makes minor improvements and clarifications of several different FASB Accounting Standards Codification areas based on comments and suggestions made by various stakeholders. Certain updates are applicable immediately while others provide for a transition period to adopt as part of the next fiscal year beginning after December 15, 2018. The Company is evaluating this guidance to determine the impact it may have on its consolidated financial statements. In July 2018, the FASB issued ASU No. 2018-11, “Leases: Targeted Improvements” an additional amendment to ASU No. 2016-02. Although the Company is still evaluating this guidance, the Company believes it will apply the practical expedient allowed in this new guidance to combine lease and associated nonlease components by class of underlying asset. In addition, the Company is expected to utilize the optional method for adopting the new leasing guidance and not restate comparative periods. Reclassifications Certain amounts in the prior year financial statements have been reclassified to conform to the current-year presentation. The impact of the reclassifications made to prior year amounts are not material and did not affect net income (loss). |