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As filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on March 30, 2017.
Registration No. 333-216727
UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
Amendment No. 2 to
Form F-1
REGISTRATION STATEMENT
UNDER
THE SECURITIES ACT OF 1933
NETSHOES (CAYMAN) LIMITED
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)
The Cayman Islands | 5961 | 98-1007784 | ||
(State or Other Jurisdiction of Incorporation or Organization) | (Primary Standard Industrial Classification Code Number) | (I.R.S. Employer Identification No.) |
Rua Vergueiro 961, Liberdade
01504-001 São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
+55 11 3028-3528
(Address, including zip code, and telephone number, including area code, of registrant’s principal executive offices)
Corporation Service Company
2711 Centerville Road, Suite 400
Wilmington, DE 19808
(800) 927-9801
(Name, address, including zip code, and telephone number, including area code, of agent for service)
S. Todd Crider, Esq. Grenfel S. Calheiros, Esq. Simpson Thacher & Bartlett LLP 425 Lexington Avenue New York, NY 10017 (212) 455-2000 | Copies to: | Nicolas Grabar, Esq. Francesca Odell, Esq. Cleary Gottlieb Steen & Hamilton LLP One Liberty Plaza New York, NY 10006 (212) 225-2000 |
Approximate date of commencement of proposed sale to the public: As soon as practicable after this Registration Statement becomes effective.
If any of the securities being registered on this Form are to be offered on a delayed or continuous basis pursuant to Rule 415 under the Securities Act of 1933, check the following box. ☐
If this Form is filed to register additional securities for an offering pursuant to Rule 462(b) under the Securities Act, check the following box and list the Securities Act registration statement number of the earlier effective registration statement for the same offering. ☐
If this Form is a post-effective amendment filed pursuant to Rule 462(c) under the Securities Act, check the following box and list the Securities Act registration statement number of the earlier effective registration statement for the same offering. ☐
If this Form is a post-effective amendment filed pursuant to Rule 462(d) under the Securities Act, check the following box and list the Securities Act registration statement number of the earlier effective registration statement for the same offering. ☐
CALCULATION OF REGISTRATION FEE
Title of each class of | Amount to be | Proposed maximum | Proposed maximum | Amount of | ||||
Common shares, nominal value US$0.0033 per common share | 9,487,500 | US$20.00 | US$189,750,000.00 | US$21,992.03 |
(1) | Includes common shares that may be purchased by the underwriters pursuant to an over-allotment option to purchase additional common shares. Also includes common shares initially offered and sold outside the United States either as part of their distribution or within 40 days after the later of the effective date of this registration statement and the date the common shares are first bona fide offered to the public. The common shares are not being registered for purposes of sales outside the United States. |
(2) | Estimated solely for the purpose of determining the amount of registration fee in accordance with Rule 457(a) under the Securities Act. |
(3) | US$11,590.00 of this registration fee has been previously paid, balance of US$10,402.03 paid herewith. |
The Registrant hereby amends this Registration Statement on such date or dates as may be necessary to delay its effective date until the Registrant shall file a further amendment which specifically states that this Registration Statement shall thereafter become effective in accordance with Section 8(a) of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, or until the Registration Statement shall become effective on such date as the Commission, acting pursuant to said Section 8(a), may determine.
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The information in this prospectus is not complete and may be changed. These securities may not be sold until the registration statement filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission is effective. This prospectus is not an offer to sell these securities and we are not soliciting offers to buy these securities in any state or jurisdiction where the offer or sale is not permitted.
Subject to completion, dated March 30, 2017
Preliminary Prospectus
PROSPECTUS
8,250,000 common shares
NETSHOES (CAYMAN) LIMITED
(incorporated in the Cayman Islands)
This is an initial public offering of our common shares, nominal value US$0.0033 per common share. We are selling 8,250,000 common shares in this offering. The initial public offering price will be between US$18.00 and US$20.00 per common share.
Prior to the offering, there has been no public market for our common shares. Our common shares have been authorized for listing on the New York Stock Exchange, or NYSE, under the symbol “NETS.” See “Description of Share Capital” for a description of the rights of holders of our common shares.
We are an “emerging growth company” under the federal securities laws as that term is used in the Jumpstart Our Business Startups Act of 2012 and, as a result, have elected to comply with certain reduced public company disclosure and financial reporting requirements.
Investing in our common shares involves a high degree of risk. See “Risk Factors” beginning on page 13 of this prospectus.
Per Common Share | Total | |||||||
Initial public offering price | US$ | US$ | ||||||
Underwriting discount | US$ | US$ | ||||||
Proceeds to us (before expenses) | US$ | US$ |
The underwriters may also exercise their option to purchase up to an additional 1,237,500 common shares from us, or the over-allotment option, at the public offering price, less the underwriting discount, for 30 days after the date of this prospectus to cover over-allotments.
Neither the Securities and Exchange Commission nor any state securities commission or any other regulatory body has approved or disapproved of these securities or determined if this prospectus is truthful or complete. Any representation to the contrary is a criminal offense.
The underwriters expect to deliver the common shares against payment in New York, NY on or about , 2017.
Goldman, Sachs & Co. | J.P. Morgan | Bradesco BBI | Allen & Company LLC | Jefferies |
The date of this prospectus is , 2017.
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F-1 | ||||
We have not authorized anyone to give any information or make any representation about the offering that is different from, or in addition to, that contained in the prospectus, the related registration statement or in any of the materials that we have incorporated by reference into this prospectus. Therefore, if anyone does give you information of this type, you should not rely on it.
The information contained in this prospectus is accurate only as of the date of this prospectus, regardless of the time of delivery of this prospectus or of any sale of our common shares. Our business, financial condition, results of operations and prospects may have changed since the date on the front cover of this prospectus.
This prospectus may only be used where it is legal to sell our common shares. We have not undertaken any efforts to qualify this offering for offers and sales to the public in any jurisdiction outside the United States, and we do not expect to make offers and sales to the public in jurisdictions located outside the United States. However, we may make offers and sales outside the United States in circumstances that do not constitute a public offer or distribution under applicable laws and regulations.
This prospectus is being used in connection with the offering of our common shares in the United States and, to the extent described above, elsewhere. This offering is being made in the United States and, to the extent described above, elsewhere solely on the basis of the information contained in this prospectus.
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PRESENTATION OF FINANCIAL AND OTHER INFORMATION
Certain Definitions
In this prospectus, unless expressly stated otherwise, references to “Netshoes,” “we,” “us” and “our company” refer to Netshoes (Cayman) Limited, an exempted company with limited liability incorporated under the laws of the Cayman Islands, and its consolidated subsidiaries. References to “NS2” are to our subsidiary NS2.com Internet S.A., a corporation (sociedade anônima) incorporated under the laws of Brazil. References to “common shares” refer to the common shares of Netshoes (Cayman) Limited, except where the context requires otherwise. The term “Brazil” refers to the Federative Republic of Brazil, and the phrase “Brazilian government” refers to the federal government of Brazil. All references to “real,” “reais,” “Brazilianreal,” “Brazilianreais,” or “R$” are to the Brazilianreal, the official currency of Brazil; all references to “U.S. dollar,” “U.S. dollars,” or “US$” are to U.S. dollars, the official currency of the United States, all references to “Argentine peso,” or “ARS” are to the Argentinepeso, the official currency of Argentina, and all references to “Mexican peso,” or “MXN” are to the Mexicanpeso, the official currency of Mexico.
Financial Information
The financial information contained in this prospectus derives from our audited consolidated financial statements as of December 31, 2015 and 2016 and for the fiscal years ended December 31, 2014, 2015 and 2016. These financial statements and related notes included elsewhere in this prospectus are collectively referred to as our audited consolidated financial statements herein and throughout this prospectus. Our audited consolidated financial statements are prepared in accordance with International Financial Reporting Standards, or IFRS, as issued by the International Accounting Standards Board, or IASB. Our fiscal year ends on December 31 of each year, so all references to a particular fiscal year are to the applicable year ended December 31. Following the completion of this offering, we will be required to file annual reports on Form 20-F with the Securities and Exchange Commission, or the SEC, under United States Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, or the Exchange Act, and although not required under the Exchange Act, we expect to publish unaudited condensed consolidated interim financial statements on a quarterly basis.
Convenience Translation
The reporting currency for our audited consolidated financial statements is the Brazilianreal and, solely for the convenience of the reader, we have provided convenience translations into U.S. dollars using offer exchange rates published by the Brazilian Central Bank (Banco Central do Brasil) on its website. Unless otherwise indicated, convenience translations fromreais into U.S. dollars in this prospectus use the Brazilian Central Bank offer exchange rate published on December 31, 2016, which was R$3.2591 per US$1.00. No representation is made that the Brazilianreais amounts referred to could have been, or could be, converted into U.S. dollars at any particular rate. See “Exchange Rates” for information regarding historical exchange rates of reais to U.S. dollars.
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Market Data
This prospectus includes statistical and other industry and market data that we obtained from industry publications and research, government and non-government organization reports, surveys and studies conducted by third parties, including data and information we obtained from BMI Research, Claim Pages, e-Bit, eMarketer, Euromonitor International, IBOPE DTM, Internet World Stats, Statista, among others, and data derived from management’s knowledge and our experience in the industries in which we operate. Industry publications and third-party research, surveys and studies generally indicate that their information has been obtained from sources believed to be reliable, although they do not guarantee the accuracy or completeness of such information. Information derived from management’s knowledge and our experience is presented on a reasonable, good faith basis. Estimates of market and industry data are based on statistical models, key assumptions and limited data sampling, and actual market and industry data may differ significantly from estimated industry data.
Rounding
Certain figures included in this prospectus have been subject to rounding adjustments. Accordingly, figures shown as totals in certain tables may not be exact arithmetic aggregations or percentages of the figures that precede them.
Emerging Growth Company Status
We are an “emerging growth company,” as defined in Section 2(a) of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, or the Securities Act, as modified by the Jumpstart Our Business Startups Act of 2012, or the JOBS Act. We will remain an emerging growth company until the earlier of (1) the last day of the fiscal year (a) following the fifth anniversary of the completion of this offering, (b) in which we have total annual revenues of at least US$1.0 billion, or (c) in which we are deemed to be a large accelerated filer, which means the market value of our common shares that is held by non-affiliates exceeds US$700.0 million as of the prior June 30, and (2) the date on which we have issued more than US$1.0 billion in non-convertible debt during the prior three-year period. As an emerging growth company, we are eligible to take advantage of certain exemptions from various reporting requirements that are applicable to other public companies that are not emerging growth companies including, but not limited to, exemptions from the auditor attestation requirements of Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, or the Sarbanes-Oxley Act, and any Public Company Accounting Oversight Board, or PCAOB, rules, including any future audit rule promulgated by the PCAOB (unless the SEC determines otherwise). Accordingly, the information about us available to you will not be the same as, and may be more limited than, the information available to shareholders of a non-emerging growth company.
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This summary highlights information contained elsewhere in this prospectus and does not contain all of the information that you should consider in making your investment decision. Before investing in our common shares, you should carefully read this entire prospectus, including our audited consolidated financial statements and the related notes thereto and the information set forth under the sections “Risk Factors” and “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations,” in each case included in this prospectus.
Overview
Our mission is to be the leading online consumer platform in Latin America. We are the leading sports and lifestyle online retailer in Latin America and one of the largest online retailers in the region, as measured by net sales. We operate in Brazil, Argentina, and Mexico and, since our launch, we have sold to more than 12.8 million customers across our sites (representing a 22.0% year-over-year growth from 2015), solidifying our position as one of the few scaled online retailers in Latin America and creating a foundation of audience, brand and capabilities on top of which we are building a digital ecosystem capable of delivering increasing and significant value to customers and partners in the future. Through our desktop and mobile websites and applications, which we refer to as our “sites,” we deliver our customers a convenient and intuitive online shopping experience across our two core brands, Netshoes and Zattini. We believe that Netshoes has become one of the most recognized brands by consumers, in Brazil and Argentina, among both online and offline sports retailers. We believe that Zattini, a site we launched in December 2014, is quickly becoming a leading online brand for fashion and beauty in Brazil in terms of consumer recognition.
We were founded in January 2000 by Marcio Kumruian and Hagop Chabab as a single physical shoe store in São Paulo, Brazil. In 2007, we closed our brick-and-mortar stores and shifted to an online business to reach more customers across Brazil. Since then, we have built on our initial success, expanding across geographies and brands. We have also selectively introduced new product categories, maintaining our core strategy of focusing on product verticals with higher margins that have short replacement cycles and are easy to ship.
Core to our success has been a relentless focus on delivering a superior customer experience across each of the countries in which we operate, including remote locations not typically served by traditional retailers. As one of the first companies in Latin America to provide online retail offerings, we have emphasized the importance of customer service, and we have also developed technology that personalizes the shopping experience for our customers. This core customer focus has driven customer loyalty, as demonstrated by our high repeat purchasing. In the year ended December 31, 2016, 74.5% of our total orders came from repeat customers.
Our sites are also optimized for mobile shopping. Despite Latin America’s relatively low smartphone penetration rate, in the year ended December 31, 2016, approximately 46.0% of total visits to our sites and 32.2% of the total orders placed by our active customers came from mobile devices (while in Brazil, mobile commerce accounted for 11.7% of eCommerce sales in 2015).
We are also a trusted partner and the go-to channel for the most important brands in sports and lifestyle retail in Brazil, Argentina and Mexico. We offer over 190,000 stock keeping units, or SKUs, from over 500 brands, including Nike, Adidas, Mizuno, Tommy Hilfiger, Ralph Lauren and Lacoste and work closely with our suppliers to promote and protect their brands and help manage product selection. We believe we are one of the largest distribution channels for these brands in Brazil and Latin America. We have also begun to develop our private label brands to supplement our existing supplier relationships in key categories.
Our success in the region has been dependent on our consistent ability to build a solid infrastructure network to support our operations, as well as our scalable and customized logistics capabilities. We have created a highly
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automated picking, packing and inventory management system, built to efficiently handle the products in which we specialize—easy-to-ship items with high margins and short replacement cycles. We are able to ship over one million orders a month, and on average, process the orders we receive within six hours after confirmation, achieving an on-time delivery rate of approximately 97.0% of total processed orders.
At the scale at which we operate, the combination of our customers, the brands we offer and infrastructure we have developed has resulted in powerful network effects, which we believe offer a significant competitive advantage. Our large and growing Latin America customer base has allowed us to attract and retain high quality brands, which in turn drives new and repeat customers. This has driven our growth and has allowed us to continually reinvest in and improve our product selection, technology and infrastructure while also driving significant cost efficiencies. These network effects are evident in our financial performance and scale. We also believe that these favorable network effects allow us to expand the reach of our sites to build the leading online consumer platform in Brazil and Latin America.
We have achieved the following significant milestones as of and for the year ended December 31, 2016:
• | 5.6 million active customers, an increase of 18.9% from the 4.7 million active customers we had as of December 31, 2015; |
• | 10.3 million total orders on our sites, an increase of 20.8% from the 8.5 million total orders for the year ended December 31, 2015; |
• | 74.5% of our total orders were invoiced to repeat customers (which are customers who have previously purchased from us), an increase from 72.9% for the year ended December 31, 2015; |
• | 32.2% of our total orders were placed by customers on a mobile device, an increase from 20.2% for the year ended December 31, 2015; and |
• | In our Brazilian operations, positive cash flows from operations beginning in 2014 and positive EBITDA beginning in 2015. |
Also, for the years ended December 31, 2015 and 2016, we reported:
• | R$1,505.7 million and R$1,739.5 million in net sales, respectively, representing growth of 33.7% and 15.5% from 2014 and 2015, respectively; |
• | R$99.5 million and R$151.9 million in net loss, respectively, from R$144.4 million in net loss in 2014; and |
• | R$46.5 million and R$43.9 million in negative EBITDA, respectively, from R$100.0 million in negative EBITDA in 2014. |
For information on how we define and calculate active customers, total orders, total orders placed from mobile devices and EBITDA, and for a reconciliation of our non-IFRS figures to their IFRS equivalents, see the section of this prospectus captioned “Selected Financial and Operating Data—Non-IFRS Financial Measures.”
Our History
Our business has transformed substantially since 2000, when our founders Marcio Kumruian and Hagop Chabab opened a physical shoe store in São Paulo, Brazil. In 2007, we closed our brick-and-mortar retail stores, shifted our focus to eCommerce retail and launched Netshoes.com, our online store specialized in sports and active lifestyle goods. Since then, we have expanded in the following ways:
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Building Online Leadership. We invested heavily in our brand with the goal of developing the leading eCommerce sports footprint. In 2009, we received our first round of investments from financial investors and, with their support, grew our business to establish our market leadership and continue to improve our corporate governance and management structure.
Geographical Expansion. Recognizing promising income, consumer purchasing habits and online penetration trends, we expanded our operations to Argentina and Mexico in 2011. With our leadership in Brazil, Argentina and Mexico, we now cover an estimated two-thirds of the gross domestic product, or GDP, in Latin America.
Brand and Vertical Diversification. In December 2014, leveraging the success of Netshoes and our existing infrastructure, we launched Zattini, an online store originally designed to offer fashion products to our Brazilian customers. We have successfully introduced new categories of products over time, including beauty products to our Zattini offerings in 2016. We believe that Zattini is now the fastest growing online fashion and beauty site in Brazil, based on sales growth and for the year ended December 31, 2016, Zattini accounted for 11.5% of our online net sales in Brazil and 10.2% of our net sales on a consolidated basis. In addition, since November 2014, we began offering private label apparel across the Netshoes and Zattini platforms, and for the year ended December 31, 2016, the sales of those products accounted for 6.0% of our online net sales in Brazil and 5.4% of our net sales on a consolidated basis.
Traffic Monetization. More recently, we have begun to evaluate other ways to monetize our large customer base, and leverage our supplier relationships, technology and infrastructure. To this end, we have implemented additional products and services, such as creating a third-party marketplace, which increases the selection available to our customers, as well as launching financial services such as a co-branded credit card with a major Brazilian financial institution. We will continue to evaluate opportunities to add services to our digital ecosystem that tie consumers closer to our sites while maintaining our core customer experience. While we are still in the early stages of these initiatives, we believe that they have the potential to drive significant growth and increase customer loyalty going forward, enhancing Netshoes’ profitability.
Our Competitive Strengths
We are the leading sports and lifestyle online retailer in Latin America and one of the largest online retailers in the region. Our specific regional knowledge has allowed us to compete against international eCommerce sites, and our technology has differentiated us from traditional retailers. We have achieved our leadership position as a result of the following core strengths:
High market share in a large and expanding total addressable market.We benefit from our early mover advantage in Latin American eCommerce, which has allowed us to capture what we believe is a significant market share and achieve a leadership position in a large addressable market.
Focus on attractive verticals driving high operating leverage.We believe the lifestyle verticals in which we specialize are particularly suited for distribution online due to the following factors: (1) the vast inventory selection, benefitting customers by providing them with access to varied products in one place; (2) the lightweight nature of most of the products we offer, which makes them easy to ship and drives fast delivery speeds at significant volumes; (3) the high gross margin of these retail categories; and (4) the need for consistent replacement (compared to, for example, household appliances and electronics), which drives repetitive customer buying behavior.
Recognized and trusted brand for customers and partners.We have built a strong brand over the last 15 years as demonstrated by our significant scale, with 18.3 million registered members and 5.6 million active customers as of December 31, 2016 purchasing from the over 500 brands we offer (160 of which are available on our Zattini site, launched in December 2014). We engage with our customers, both on and off our sites, and with our partners, whose products we offer on our sites and for whom we manage branded online stores.
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A superior customer experience, resulting in strong customer loyalty.Through our eCommerce model and our expanding vertical presence, our mission is to become the leading online consumer platform in Latin America. We offer our customers a reliable and convenient online shopping experience with a wide selection of over 190,000 SKUs, visually inspiring browsing, compelling merchandise, easy product discovery, attractive prices and various shipping options.
Differentiated logistics and technology capabilities.We have invested in and built logistics capabilities, and innovative technology that is customized to our verticals and regions. On average, we process purchase orders placed by our customers within six hours after they are confirmed. Our technology is also highly scalable—we are able to process approximately 105,000 orders per day during our peak holiday season compared to an average of 35,000 orders per day in 2015.
Visionary founder and management team.We have built a culture of data-driven decision making, operational discipline and an unwavering focus on customer service. Our culture flows from our co-founder and CEO, Marcio Kumruian, who brings substantial industry expertise and led our shift to an online retailer, and from our experience as an early mover in the technology industry in the region.
Our Strategy
Our goal is to continue differentiating ourselves as the leading online consumer platform in Latin America. As we have done in the past, we plan to both grow our core business and expand our operations into attractive opportunities while maintaining our relentless focus on delivering a superior consumer experience. As we continue to scale, we are focused on growing in an efficient way that we expect will result in increased profitability for our business, including by launching new initiatives that are specifically focused on delivering increased revenue at higher margins. Specifically, we plan to:
Acquire new customers through increased traffic and conversion.We believe that there is significant room to further grow the customer base for our sites. We are well-positioned to benefit both from the expected industry shift to online retail, and from continuing to refine our marketing efforts to draw new consumers to our sites and then convert those consumers to active customers. We continually test new marketing channels and campaigns, measuring the returns on these campaigns, including building higher brand recognition for Zattini, which we launched more recently.
Increase the monetization of our existing traffic through enhancing customer loyalty.Collectively, as of December 31, 2016, our sites had 18.3 million registered members, of which 5.6 million were active customers, compared to 15.1 million registered members as of December 31, 2015 and 12.2 million as of December 31, 2014. We believe that we can continue to drive increased monetization of our traffic, growing our sales through more frequent repeat purchasing and higher customer retention. We have also introduced and will continue to offer new products and services that tie our customers more closely to our sites. For example, we launched NCard—our co-branded credit card with Banco Itaú S.A—in April 2016, which offers exclusive benefits to users and in turn allows us to learn more about our customers’ spending habits as a result of their additional engagement with our sites.
Introduce new products in attractive verticals.We have found that by introducing new products in high margin verticals with short replacement cycles and that are easy to ship, we have been able to both attract new customers to our sites and increase purchases by existing customers, thereby continuously expanding our addressable market. For example, for the year ended December 31, 2016, approximately 55.6% of Zattini customers in Brazil were originally Netshoes customers and about 44.4% were new customers. We have also successfully launched new product categories within each of our sites. For example, we continue to invest in private label brands in verticals that have high customer price elasticity and margin potential, which help expand our profitability.
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Online Marketplace. In February 2016, we launched our online third-party marketplace across all of our sites. To date, we have attracted 336 qualified third-party business-to-consumer, or B2C, vendors to our sites. While in its early stages, we believe that the marketplace offers a significant opportunity to introduce increased product variety, particularly in less popular categories with lower demand, and scale new categories more quickly.
Expansion of our business into a consumer and services platform.We believe we have the opportunity to take advantage of the scale of our core business and our existing and large customer base, and leverage our technology and infrastructure to build a digital ecosystem capable of delivering increasing and significant value to customers and partners. For example, in November 2016, we started offering a mobile application relating to activity tracking, which closely aligns with our sports and lifestyle brand.
Replicate the success of our Brazil business in Argentina and Mexico.We benefit from the ability to transfer the learnings and successes of our more mature Brazil operations, which have already achieved positive operating cash flow, to our emerging Argentina and Mexico businesses. Beginning in 2011, we launched our first two international sites, with a small team based in Argentina and another in Mexico, and since then we have achieved significant growth. For the years ended December 31, 2015 and 2016, our non-Brazil, Latin America operations accounted for 13.3% and 10.6% of our total net sales, respectively. We believe that there is significant growth and profitability remaining in these businesses as they continue to scale and as we introduce brands and products such as Zattini to those markets.
Corporate Information
Our principal executive office is located at Rua Vergueiro 961, Liberdade, Zip Code 01504-001, in the city of São Paulo, State of São Paulo, Brazil. We were incorporated in the Cayman Islands as an exempted company with limited liability. Our registered office is located at Floor 4, Willow House, Cricket Square, Grand Cayman, KY1-9010, Cayman Islands. The telephone number of our investor relations department is +(55-11) 3028-8298. Our corporate investor relations website can be found at www.netshoes.com/institucional. Information contained on our website is not incorporated by reference into this prospectus, and you should not consider information contained on our website to be part of this prospectus or in deciding whether to invest in our common shares.
Conventions Used in this Prospectus
Unless the context otherwise requires, references in this prospectus to:
• | “active customers” mean customers who made purchases online with us during the preceding twelve months as of the relevant dates; |
• | “average basket size” mean the sum of total order value from online purchases with us divided by the number of total orders for the relevant period; |
• | “convertible note purchase agreement” mean the note purchase agreement we entered into on February 22, 2017, pursuant to which we issued and sold the convertible notes to certain of our shareholders. See “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations—Indebtedness—Material Financing Agreements”; |
• | “convertible notes” mean convertible promissory notes issued by us on February 22, 2017 in an aggregate principal amount of US$30.0 million (or R$92.3 million, using the exchange rate on the date of the execution of the convertible note purchase agreement), held by our shareholders, Tiger Global Private Investment Partners V, L.P., Tiger Global Private Investment Partners VI, L.P., Archy LLC, Clemenceau Investments Pte. Ltd., Riverwood Capital Partners II, L.P., Riverwood Capital Partners II (Parallel-B) L.P., Macro Continental, Inc., Boscolo Intervest Limited, International Finance Corporation, CDK Net Fund IC and HCFT Holdings, LLC, which will be automatically converted into our common shares upon completion of this offering. See “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations—Indebtedness—Material Financing Agreements”; |
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• | “eCommerce” mean product purchases using desktops, tablets or mobile devices; |
• | “GMV” mean the sum of net sales, returns, GMV from marketplace and net sales taxes, less marketplace and NCard activation commission fees; |
• | “offline purchases with us,” in the context of our product orders or sales, mean our product sales through our business to business, or B2B, operations; |
• | “our sites” mean www.netshoes.com.br, www.netshoes.com.mx, www.netshoes.com.ar, and www.zattini.com.br; |
• | “mCommerce” mean product purchases using only mobile sites and applications; |
• | “purchases online with us” or “online purchases with us,” in the context of our active customers, average basket size and GMV, mean product sales through our sites (including those sales effected through our marketplace) and the third-party sites that we manage; |
• | “third-party sites that we manage” mean all partner-branded online stores that we manage. See “Business—Our Additional Sources of Revenues—Partner-Branded Stores”; |
• | “total orders” mean the total number of orders invoiced to active customers during the relevant period; and |
• | “total order value” mean the total amount invoiced to a customer in connection with a product sale (including shipping fees and taxes). |
Except as otherwise indicated, all information in this prospectus assumes:
• | the 1.0 for 3.0 share split of our common shares to occur immediately prior to the completion of this offering, or the share split; |
• | the issuance of 1,769,817 of our common shares upon the automatic conversion of the convertible notes (principal amount and any unpaid accrued interest) upon the closing of this offering pursuant to the convertible note purchase agreement (using an assumed initial public offering price of US$19.00 per common share, the midpoint of the estimated offering price range per common share set forth on the cover page of this prospectus). The convertible notes (principal amount and any unpaid accrued interest) are convertible into our common shares with a 10% price discount relative to the initial public offering price of our common shares. See “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations—Indebtedness—Material Financing Agreements”; |
• | the number of common shares that will be outstanding after this offering is calculated based on 22,675,044 common shares (after giving effect to the share split) outstanding as of December 31, 2016, and assumes the issuance of 1,769,817 of our common shares upon the automatic conversion of the convertible notes discussed above. This calculation excludes: (1) 351,294 common shares available for the exercise of share options at a weighted average exercise price of US$16.79 per common share as of December 31, 2016, of which 233,922 were exercisable as of December 31, 2016 (after giving effect to the share split), (2) 23,250 common shares available for the exercise of share options at a weighted average exercise price of US$8.10 per common share as of December 31, 2016, which shall become exercisable six months after completion of this offering (after giving effect to the share split), (3) 127,500 common shares available for the exercise of share options granted after December 31, 2016, at a weighted average exercise price of US$8.10 per common share, 67,500 of which shall become exercisable six months after completion of this offering (after giving effect to the share split), and (4) 28,305 common shares reserved for future grants under our Share Plan (after giving effect to the share split); |
• | the filing and effectiveness of our Fourth Amended and Restated Memorandum and Articles of Association, or Articles of Association, which will occur immediately upon completion of this offering; |
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• | an initial public offering price of US$19.00 per common share, the midpoint of the estimated offering price range per common share set forth on the cover page of this prospectus; and |
• | no exercise by the underwriters of their over-allotment option. |
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The Offering
Issuer | Netshoes (Cayman) Limited.
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Offering price | We estimate that the initial public offering price per common share will be between US$18.00 and US$20.00.
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Common shares offered by us | 8,250,000 shares.
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Over-allotment options of common shares being offered by us
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1,237,500 shares. | |
Common shares to be outstanding immediately after this offering |
30,925,044 shares (or 32,162,544 common shares if the underwriters exercise in full their over-allotment option).
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Use of proceeds | We expect to receive net proceeds of approximately US$142.0 million from our sale of common shares (or US$163.9 million if the underwriters fully exercise their over-allotment option), assuming an initial public offering price of US$19.00 per common share, which is the midpoint of the estimated offering price range per common share set forth on the cover page of this prospectus and after deducting estimated underwriting discounts and estimated offering expenses payable by us.
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The principal purposes of this offering are to increase our capitalization, provide us with greater financial flexibility, create a public market for our common shares and facilitate our future access to the capital markets. We currently intend to use our net proceeds from this offering to finance our working capital needs and capital expenditures, which may include, among others, investments in the development of software, acquisition of property and equipment for our distribution centers, although we have no present commitments or agreements to enter into any investments. Any remaining net proceeds will be used for other general corporate purposes. Pending determination of the use of our net proceeds, we may invest them in highly liquid time deposits and similar instruments. Our management will have broad discretion in allocating the net proceeds of this offering received by us to each use.
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Dividend Policy | We do not currently anticipate paying any dividends on our common shares in the foreseeable future. See “Dividend Policy.”
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Proposed NYSE trading symbol | “NETS.”
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Risk Factors | See the section of this prospectus captioned “Risk Factors” beginning on page 13 and the other information in this prospectus for a discussion of factors you should carefully consider before deciding to invest our shares. |
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The number of common shares to be outstanding after this offering is based on 22,675,044 common shares outstanding (after giving effect to the share split) as of December 31, 2016, and assumes the issuance of 1,769,817 of our common shares upon the automatic conversion of the convertible notes (principal amount and any unpaid accrued interest) upon the closing of this offering pursuant to the convertible note purchase agreement (using an assumed initial public offering price of US$19.00 per common share, the midpoint of the estimated offering price range per common share set forth on the cover page of this prospectus). The convertible notes are convertible into our common shares with a 10% price discount relative to the initial public offering price of our common shares. See “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations—Indebtedness—Material Financing Agreements.” This calculation excludes:
• | 351,294 common shares available for the exercise of share options at a weighted average exercise price of US$16.79 per common share as of December 31, 2016, of which 233,922 were exercisable as of December 31, 2016 (after giving effect to the share split); |
• | 23,250 common shares available for the exercise of share options at a weighted average exercise price of US$8.10 per common share as of December 31, 2016, which shall become exercisable six months after completion of this offering (after giving effect to the share split); |
• | 127,500 common shares available for the exercise of share options granted after December 31, 2016, at a weighted average exercise price of US$8.10 per common share, 67,500 of which shall become exercisable six months after completion of this offering (after giving effect to the share split); and |
• | 28,305 common shares reserved for future grants under our Share Plan (after giving effect to the share split). |
For further information about our share option plan, see “Management—Compensation of Directors and Officers—2012 Share Plan.”
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Summary Consolidated Financial and Operating Data
The following summary financial data as of December 31, 2015 and 2016 and for the years ended December 31, 2014, 2015 and 2016 have been derived from our audited consolidated financial statements included elsewhere in this prospectus.
Our audited consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with IFRS, as issued by the IASB. See “Presentation of Financial and Other Information—Financial Information.” Our historical results are not necessarily indicative of results to be expected in future periods. The following summary financial and other data is qualified by reference to and should be read in conjunction with “Capitalization,” “Selected Financial and Operating Data,” “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” and our audited consolidated financial statements included elsewhere in this prospectus.
Unless otherwise indicated, the convenience translations fromreais into U.S. dollars in this prospectus use the Brazilian Central Bank offer exchange rate published on December 31, 2016, which was R$3.2591 per US$1.00. No representation is made that the Brazilianreais amounts referred to could have been, or could be, converted into U.S. dollars at any particular rate.
Consolidated Statements of Profits or Loss
Years Ended December 31, | ||||||||||||||||
2014 | 2015 | 2016 | 2016 | |||||||||||||
(In thousands) | R$ | R$ | R$ | US$ | ||||||||||||
Net sales | 1,125,795 | 1,505,686 | 1,739,540 | 533,749 | ||||||||||||
Cost of sales | (753,440 | ) | (1,010,501 | ) | (1,188,744 | ) | (364,746 | ) | ||||||||
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Gross profit | 372,355 | 495,185 | 550,796 | 169,003 | ||||||||||||
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Operating expenses: | ||||||||||||||||
Selling and marketing expenses | (322,643 | ) | (398,514 | ) | (443,692 | ) | (136,139 | ) | ||||||||
General and administrative expenses | (147,375 | ) | (157,228 | ) | (174,564 | ) | (53,562 | ) | ||||||||
Other operating expense, net | (4,724 | ) | (3,503 | ) | (5,252 | ) | (1,611 | ) | ||||||||
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Total operating expenses | (474,742 | ) | (559,245 | ) | (623,508 | ) | (191,312 | ) | ||||||||
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Operating loss | (102,387 | ) | (64,060 | ) | (72,712 | ) | (22,309 | ) | ||||||||
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Financial income | 32,598 | 61,294 | 28,366 | 8,704 | ||||||||||||
Financial expense | (74,447 | ) | (96,667 | ) | (107,550 | ) | (33,000 | ) | ||||||||
Loss before income tax | (144,236 | ) | (99,433 | ) | (151,896 | ) | (46,605 | ) | ||||||||
Income tax expense | (139 | ) | (80 | ) | — | — | ||||||||||
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Net loss | (144,375 | ) | (99,513 | ) | (151,896 | ) | (46,605 | ) | ||||||||
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Net loss attributable to: | ||||||||||||||||
Owners of Netshoes (Cayman) Limited | (143,966 | ) | (98,676 | ) | (151,074 | ) | (46,355 | ) | ||||||||
Non-controlling interests | (409 | ) | (837 | ) | (822 | ) | (250 | ) |
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Consolidated Statements of Financial Position
As of December 31, | ||||||||||||||||
2014 | 2015 | 2016 | 2016 | |||||||||||||
(In thousands) | R$ | R$ | R$ | US$ | ||||||||||||
Selected Statements of Financial Position Data | ||||||||||||||||
Cash and cash equivalents | 242,372 | 249,064 | 111,304 | 34,152 | ||||||||||||
Total current assets(1) | 743,408 | 938,358 | 824,711 | 253,050 | ||||||||||||
Total assets | 861,956 | 1,113,568 | 1,113,722 | 341,727 | ||||||||||||
Total current liabilities | 378,416 | 523,271 | 616,695 | 189,223 | ||||||||||||
Total long-term debt(2) | 335,410 | 333,993 | 387,382 | 118,862 | ||||||||||||
Share-based payment liability | 30,113 | 35,978 | 30,139 | 9,248 | ||||||||||||
Total liabilities | 616,949 | 824,566 | 989,697 | 303,672 | ||||||||||||
Total shareholders’ equity | 245,007 | 289,002 | 124,025 | 38,055 |
(1) | Inclusive of cash and cash equivalents. |
(2) | Includes current portion of long-term debt. See note 16 to our audited consolidated financial statements included elsewhere in this prospectus. |
Operating Data
Years Ended December 31 | ||||||||||||
2014 | 2015 | 2016 | ||||||||||
Active customers (in thousands)(1) | 3,753 | 4,676 | 5,562 | |||||||||
Total orders (in thousands)(2) | 6,846 | 8,497 | 10,268 | |||||||||
% of total orders placed from mobile devices(3) | 11.6 | % | 20.2 | % | 32.2 | % | ||||||
Average basket size(4) | R$210.8 | R$219.1 | R$206.6 |
(1) | Customers who made purchases online with us during the preceding twelve months as of the relevant dates. |
(2) | Total number of orders invoiced to active customers during the relevant period. |
(3) | The sum of total orders placed by active customers through our mobile site and applications as a percentage of total orders placed by active customers for the relevant period. This operational metric is especially relevant as we expect sales made on mobile devices to become an increasingly important part of our business. |
(4) | The sum of total order value from online purchases with us divided by the number of total orders for the relevant period. |
Non-IFRS Financial Measures
EBITDA, EBITDA Margin and GMV
Years Ended December 31, | ||||||||||||||||
2014 | 2015 | 2016 | 2016 | |||||||||||||
EBITDA (in thousands)(1) | R$ | (99,958 | ) | R$ | (46,534 | ) | R$ | (43,871 | ) | US$ | (13,459 | ) | ||||
EBITDA Margin(1) | (8.9)% | (3.1)% | (2.5)% | — | ||||||||||||
GMV (in thousands)(2) | R$ | 1,443,207 | R$ | 1,867,015 | R$ | 2,202,498 | US$ | 675,800 |
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(1) | For a reconciliation of our net loss to EBITDA and EBITDA Margin and the limitations of these non-IFRS financial measures as an analytical tool, see “Selected Financial and Operating Data—Non-IFRS Financial Measures—EBITDA and EBITDA Margin.” |
(2) | For a reconciliation of net sales to GMV and the limitations of this non-IFRS financial measure as an analytical tool, see “Selected Financial and Operating Data— Non-IFRS Financial Measures—GMV.” |
EBITDA Brazil and EBITDA International
Years Ended December 31, | ||||||||||||||||
2014 | 2015 | 2016 | 2016 | |||||||||||||
Net loss (Brazil) (in thousands) | R$ | (95,521 | ) | R$ | (30,493 | ) | R$ | (88,237 | ) | US$ | (27,074 | ) | ||||
EBITDA Brazil (in thousands)(1)(2) | R$ | (55,030 | ) | R$ | 10,569 | R$ | 5,395 | US$ | 1,655 | |||||||
Net loss (International) (in thousands) | R$ | (40,062 | ) | R$ | (56,781 | ) | R$ | (53,329 | ) | US$ | (16,363 | ) | ||||
EBITDA International (in thousands)(1)(2) | R$ | (36,136 | ) | R$ | (45,289 | ) | R$ | (41,018 | ) | US$ | (12,586 | ) |
(1) | Consists of EBITDA for each of our reportable business segments: Brazil and International. For a reconciliation of our Brazil business segment net loss to EBITDA Brazil and our International business segment net loss to EBITDA International, and the limitations of these non-IFRS financial measures as an analytical tool, see “Selected Financial and Operating Data—Non-IFRS Financial Measures—EBITDA Brazil and EBITDA International.” |
(2) | Items not allocated directly to our reportable business segments (operating expenses, financial income and financial expenses recorded in Netshoes (Cayman) Limited and Netshoes Holding, LLC) are recorded and disclosed separately as corporate and others. As a result, the sum of EBITDA Brazil and EBITDA International does not sum up to EBITDA. |
We use EBITDA, EBITDA Margin, GMV, EBITDA Brazil and EBITDA International to inform our financial and operational decision-making. To provide investors and others with additional information regarding our financial results and operating performance, we have disclosed in the tables above and within this prospectus our EBITDA, EBITDA Margin, GMV, EBITDA Brazil and EBITDA International, which are non-IFRS financial measures. We define: (1) “EBITDA” as net income (loss) plus net interest income/expense (which includes interest income, imputed interest on installment sales, interest expenses related to debt, imputed interest on credit purchases and debt issuance costs), income tax, and depreciation and amortization expenses; (2) “EBITDA Margin” as EBITDA divided by net sales for the relevant period, expressed as a percentage, (3) “GMV” as the sum of net sales, returns, GMV from marketplace and net sales taxes, less marketplace and NCard activation commission fees, (4) “EBITDA Brazil” as net income (loss) of our Brazil business segment plus net interest income/expense (which includes interest income, imputed interest on installment sales, interest expenses related to debt, imputed interest on credit purchases and debt issuance costs), income tax, and depreciation and amortization expenses, in each case, related to this business segment, and (5) “EBITDA International” as net income (loss) of our international business segment plus net interest income/expense (which includes interest income, imputed interest on installment sales, interest expenses related to debt, imputed interest on credit purchases and debt issuance costs), income tax, and depreciation and amortization expenses, in each case, related to this business segment.
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An investment in our common shares involves a high degree of risk. In addition to the other information in this prospectus, you should carefully consider the following risk factors in evaluating us and our business before purchasing our common shares. In particular, you should consider the risks related to an investment in companies operating in Brazil and Latin America generally, for which we have included information in these risk factors to the extent that information is publicly available. In general, investing in the securities of issuers whose operations are located in emerging market countries such as Brazil, Mexico, Argentina and other Latin American countries involves a higher degree of risk than investing in the securities of issuers whose operations are located in the United States or other more developed countries. If any of the risks discussed in this prospectus actually occur, alone or together with additional risks and uncertainties not currently known to us, or that we currently deem immaterial, our business, financial condition, results of operations and prospects may be materially adversely affected. If this were to occur, the value of our common shares may decline and you may lose all or part of your investment. When determining whether to invest, you should also refer to the other information contained in this prospectus, including our financial statements and the related notes thereto. You should also carefully review the cautionary statements referred to under “Forward-looking statements.” Our actual results could differ materially and adversely from those anticipated in this prospectus.
Risks Related to our Business and Industry
The eCommerce market in Brazil and in other countries where we operate is developing, and the expansion of our business depends on the continued growth of eCommerce, as well as increased availability, quality and usage of the Internet in Brazil and in other countries where we operate.
Our future sales depend substantially on consumers’ widespread acceptance and use of the Internet as a way to conduct commerce. Rapid growth in the use of the Internet (particularly as a way to provide and purchase products and services) is a relatively recent phenomenon in Brazil, Argentina and Mexico and we cannot assure you that this acceptance and use will continue or increase. In order to grow our customer base successfully, consumers who have historically used physical channels of commerce to purchase lifestyle, sporting, fashion and beauty goods must accept and use new ways of conducting business and exchanging information. Furthermore, if the penetration of Internet access in Brazil, Argentina and Mexico does not increase quickly, that may limit our potential growth, particularly in regions with low levels of Internet quality and access and/or low levels of income.
The Internet penetration in Brazil, Argentina and Mexico may never reach a percentage similar to more developed countries for reasons that are beyond our control, including the lack of necessary network infrastructure or delayed development of enabling technologies, performance improvements and security measures. The infrastructure for the Internet in Brazil, Argentina and Mexico may not be able to support continued growth in the number of users, their frequency of use or their bandwidth requirements. In addition, Internet reliability may not improve in the region due to delays in telecommunications, infrastructure development or other technology shortfalls, or due to increased government regulation. If telecommunications services are not sufficiently available to support the growth of the Internet in the region, response times could be slower, which would adversely affect the use of the Internet and our services in particular.
Furthermore, the price of Internet access and Internet-connected devices, such as personal computers, tablets, mobile phones and other portable devices, may limit our potential growth in parts of Brazil, Argentina and Mexico with low levels of income. Given the comparatively low level of income in the region, the penetration rate for Internet-connected devices is significantly lower in Brazil and in other countries in the region than it is in the United States and many other more developed countries, and the cost of Internet access is still relatively high as compared with other more developed countries. Also, despite our recent efforts to enable our customers in Brazil to have free access to Internet from their mobile devices when accessing our sites, the interpretation of recently enacted regulation regarding Internet neutrality by Brazilian authorities may require us to discontinue this initiative (see “Business—Regulation—Internet Neutrality”). In addition, there may be increases in Internet access fees or telecommunication fees in the region. If that happens, our potential number of customers may decrease, which in turn may adversely affect our sales.
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If the Internet or the markets for our Internet-based services in the region fail to grow as anticipated, such lack of growth may have a material adverse impact on our business prospects, results of operations and financial condition.
We operate in a rapidly evolving market. Accordingly, we may be unable to accurately forecast net sales or earnings and appropriately plan our future expenditures.
Considering the emerging nature of the markets in which we compete, the rapidly evolving nature of our business, the relative newness of eCommerce in Latin America, our business diversification and continuous innovation and the general economic and business conditions in Latin America, it is particularly difficult for us to forecast our net sales or earnings accurately. Our current and future expenditure levels are based largely on our investment plans and are, to a large extent, fixed. We may not be able to adjust spending in a timely manner to compensate for any unexpected net sales shortfalls arising from the rapidly evolving nature of our business or other conditions that affect our business. Accordingly, any significant shortfall in net sales relative to our planned expenditures would have an immediate adverse effect on our business, results of operations and financial condition.
Since our inception, we have never recorded profits or positive operating cash flow in a fiscal year.
Since our inception, we have not recorded profits or positive operating cash flow on a consolidated basis. Although we have been improving our results of operations year over year, we may not be able to record profits or positive operating cash flow on a consolidated basis in the near future or at all. If our operating activities do not provide us with sufficient cash flows to meet our operational needs, we may be required to seek additional sources of capital, which could include equity, equity-linked and debt financing. Equity financing would have a dilutive effect on our common shares, and new investors in any subsequent transactions could gain rights, preferences and privileges senior to those of our common shareholders. Debt financing, if available, may involve restrictive covenants and could reduce our operational flexibility and profitability. We cannot assure you that any additional financing will be available to us on acceptable terms, if at all. If adequate funds are not available or are not available on acceptable terms, we may not be able to fund our expansion, take advantage of acquisition opportunities, develop or enhance services or products or respond to competitive pressures. These inabilities may have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations and financial condition.
We depend on search engines, e-mail, and other messaging services to attract a substantial portion of the customers who visit our sites, and changes in search engine logic, or any restrictions on the sending of emails or messages or an inability to timely deliver such communications could adversely affect our business and results of operations.
Our site traffic is generated by different advertising channels. A portion is generated by customers clicking on search results displayed by search engines, such as Google, Yahoo or Bing. These search engines typically provide two types of results: algorithmic and purchased listings. Algorithmic listings cannot be purchased and instead are determined and displayed solely by a set of formulas designed by the search engine provider. Purchased listings can be purchased by companies and other entities in order to attract users to their sites. We rely on both algorithmic and purchased listings to attract a substantial portion of the customers that we serve. The cost of purchased search listing advertising may increase as demand for such advertising channels grows, and further increases may have a negative impact on our ability to maintain or increase profitability. Further, search engines revise their algorithms from time to time in an attempt to optimize their search result listings and to maximize the advertising revenue generated by those listings. Search engines may also place websites on a “blacklist” or remove them from their indexes. We cannot guarantee that a removal by Google, Yahoo, Bing or another search engine will not happen to us in the future or that we will be able to adapt to changes in their algorithms in a timely manner.
If the search engines on which we rely for site traffic remove us from their indices or otherwise modify their algorithms such that we have less favorable placement or do not appear among search results, our business will
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be adversely affected. Such circumstances may result in fewer customers clicking through to our sites, requiring us to resort to other more costly resources to attempt to replace that traffic, and this may reduce our net sales and harm our business. We may also be unable to purchase listings on alternative search engines and if we are able to purchase listings from such alternative search engines, those companies may charge higher prices for advertising or have fewer users.
Also, our business partially relies on email and other messaging services for promoting our sites and product offerings. We provide promotional emails to consumers in our database and we rely on a third-party service for the delivery of all our emails. Delays or errors in the delivery of such emails or other messaging we send may occur and are beyond our control. From time to time, Internet service providers or other third parties may block bulk email transmissions or otherwise experience technical difficulties that result in our inability to successfully deliver emails or other messages to our customers. Changes in the laws or regulations that limit our ability to send such communications or impose additional requirements upon us in connection with sending such communications could also materially and adversely impact our business. In addition, changes in how webmail applications organize and prioritize email may reduce the number of our emails being opened, including if our email messages are delivered to “spam” or similar folders. Actions by third parties to block, impose restrictions on or charge for the delivery of emails or other messages or delays in the distribution of such messages could materially and adversely impact our business. We also use social media services and other retargeting channels to send communications and product offerings to our customers. Changes in the terms of use of social media services and other retargeting channels that would limit our ability to send promotional communications or our customers’ ability to receive communications, disruptions or downtime experienced by these services or a decline in the use of or engagement with social media by customers and potential customers could harm our business.
Our success depends in part on our ability to increase our net sales per active customer. If our efforts to increase customer loyalty and repeat purchasing and to maintain high levels of customer engagement and the average basket size of our customers are not successful, our growth prospects and net sales will be materially adversely affected.
Our ability to grow our business depends on our ability to retain our existing customer base, generate increased sales and repeat purchases from this customer base, and maintain high levels of customer engagement. To do this, we must continue to provide our customers and potential customers with an intuitive, convenient, efficient and differentiated shopping experience and to continue to offer products that our customers find compelling. If we fail to increase net sales per active customer, generate repeat purchases or maintain high levels of customer engagement and average basket size, our growth prospects, operating results and financial condition could be materially adversely affected.
Failure to maintain sufficient working capital could limit our growth and harm our business, financial condition and results of operations.
We have significant working capital requirements primarily driven by payment terms agreed with our suppliers and extended payment terms that we offer our customers. For the year ended December 31, 2016, 72.8% of our product sales were paid in installments by our customers. Differences between the date when we pay our suppliers and the date when we receive payments from customers may negatively affect our liquidity and our cash flows. In addition, we expect our working capital needs to increase as our total number of products sold increases. In order to finance our working capital needs, we have recently been entering into financing arrangements to decrease the amount of time it takes for us to collect our trade accounts receivable, or factoring, and to increase the amount of time we have to pay our trade accounts payable, or reverse factoring. We believe factoring allows us to gain access to capital faster than we would otherwise without those financing arrangements. For the year ended December 31, 2016, our volume of factoring of trade accounts receivable with financial institutions reached R$789.2 million, and the monthly average amount of factored trade accounts receivable during the same period was R$65.7 million. There can be no assurance that these types of financing
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arrangements will continue to be available to us on acceptable terms, or at all. If we do not have sufficient working capital, we may not be able to pursue our growth strategy, respond to competitive pressures or fund key strategic initiatives, such as the development of our sites, which may adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations.
If we are unable to predict or effectively react to changes in consumer demand or shopping patterns, we may face significant inventory risk or lose customers and our sales may decline.
Our success depends in part on our ability to anticipate and respond in a timely manner to changing consumer demands and preferences and shopping patterns and seasonality regarding sporting, lifestyle, fashion and beauty goods. The products we sell must appeal to a broad range of consumers whose preferences cannot be predicted with certainty and are subject to change. Sudden changes in consumer spending patterns, consumer demands and preferences are especially likely in fashion and beauty, markets in which we recently began operating and have limited experience. Also, consumer preferences could shift rapidly and our future success depends in part on our ability to select and offer products in a way that anticipates and responds to those changes. If we misjudge the market for our merchandise and do not forecast consumer demand accurately, our sales may decline significantly.
We may experience excess inventory levels (for example, if we overstock unpopular products) and be forced to take significant inventory markdowns, which could have a negative impact on our profitability. Conversely, shortages of products that prove popular could negatively impact our net sales. In addition, a major shift in consumer demand away from sporting, fashion or beauty goods could have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations and financial condition. We often agree to purchase products from our suppliers several months in advance of the proposed delivery; however, product demand can change significantly between the time we commit to buy a product and its expected date of sale. Also, we carry a broad selection of products—some at significant inventory levels—and we may be unable to sell products in sufficient quantities or during the selling seasons. Any one of these inventory risks may adversely affect our operating results.
A number of factors, many of which are outside our control, may affect consumer demand, shopping patterns or the predictability of our inventory levels, including: general economic conditions; lockouts or strikes involving professional sports teams; the retirement of sports or other celebrities used in marketing for the various products we sell; sports scandals or scandals involving celebrities we use in campaigns to advertise our sites; litigation; and pricing and other actions taken by our competitors.
Failure to anticipate and respond to changing consumer preferences and shopping patterns in a timely manner could lead to, among other things, lower sales and excess inventory levels.
Our business is subject to substantial fluctuation as a result of the seasonal buying patterns of our customers.
We experience seasonal fluctuations in our net sales and operating results, both of which may vary from quarter-to-quarter in the future. We have historically generated significantly higher net sales in the fourth quarter, which includes the Black November period and the holiday selling season. Accordingly, a reduction in consumer confidence during the holiday season would have a significant impact on our business. Further, in the fourth quarter we generally have increased expenses for personnel and advertising, due to anticipated higher purchase volumes. Seasonality also influences our buying patterns since we purchase merchandise for seasonal activities in advance of a season, which directly impacts our inventory and accounts payable levels and cash flows. If we miscalculate the demand for the amount of products we will sell or for the product mix during the fourth quarter, our net sales can decline, which can harm our financial performance. If fourth quarter net sales are not high enough to allow us to fully recoup our personnel and advertising expenses or are lower than the targets used to determine our inventory levels, this shortfall can negatively impact our results of operations. See “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations—Seasonality and Quarterly Results of Operations.”
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Our quarterly results of operations may also fluctuate significantly as a result of a variety of other factors, including, among other things, the timing of the introduction of and advertising for new products and changes in our product mix. As a result of these seasonal and quarterly fluctuations, we believe that comparisons of our operating results between different quarters within a single year are not necessarily meaningful and that these comparisons cannot be relied upon as indicators of our future performance. Any seasonal or quarterly fluctuations that we report in the future may not match the expectations of market analysts and investors. This could cause the price of our common shares to fluctuate significantly.
We derive our net sales from product categories that represent discretionary spending, and changes in global macroeconomic conditions may decrease the demand for the products we sell and adversely affect our growth strategies and business prospects.
Our operating results are affected by the relative condition of the economy. Our business and financial performance may be adversely affected by current and future economic conditions that cause a decline in business and consumer spending, including a reduction in the availability of credit, increased unemployment levels, higher energy and fuel costs, rising interest rates, financial market volatility and recession. Additionally, we may experience difficulties in operating and growing our operations as a result of economic pressures.
As a business that depends on consumer discretionary spending, we may be adversely affected if our customers reduce their purchases due to continued job losses, foreclosures, bankruptcies, higher consumer debt and interest rates, reduced access to credit, lower consumer confidence, uncertainty or changes in tax policies and tax rates. Decreases in customer traffic or average value per transaction negatively affect our financial performance, and a prolonged period of depressed consumer spending could have a material adverse effect on our business. Promotional activities and decreased demand for consumer products, particularly higher-end products, could affect profitability and margins. The potential effects of the ongoing economic crisis in Brazil are difficult to forecast and mitigate. As a consequence, our sales, operating and financial results for a particular period are difficult to predict, and, therefore, it is difficult to forecast future results. Any of the foregoing could have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations and financial condition and could adversely affect our share price.
A continued or future slowdown in Brazil, Argentina, Mexico or the global economy or a negative economic outlook could materially adversely affect consumer spending habits and potentially our future operating results.
If we are unable to appropriately address new market risks or the inherent risks in the lines of business into which we are expanding, our growth potential, reputation and results of operations could be materially and adversely affected.
We are engaged in an effort to expand our operations into other products and services in order to monetize our user traffic and distribution capabilities. Our ability to monetize our user traffic is critical to our envisioned plans for growth. As we expand into new business segments, such as fashion and beauty, we will face new risks associated with lines of business in which we have limited or no experience and in which we may be less well-known. We may be unable to attract a sufficient number of customers, fail to anticipate competitive conditions or face difficulties in operating effectively in these new segments. In addition, profitability, if any, in our newer activities may be lower than in our more mature lines of business, and we may not be successful enough to recover our investments in them.
Most of our new lines of business are subject to risks similar to those that our sporting goods business is subject, such as changes in consumer demands or shopping patterns, risks related to our suppliers and private label brands, seasonality and distribution risks. However, some of them are subject to their own set of inherent risks. For instance, we launched an online marketplace in February 2016, and maintaining a trusted status for its operations will be critical to its success. Any damage to our reputation related to, or loss of trust in, our online
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marketplace operations could have a negative impact on our business and result in consumers, merchants and other participants choosing not to carry out transactions or reducing their activity level on our online marketplace, which could limit our potential for growth. The success of our online marketplace will depend on, among other things, our ability to (1) attract both consumers and merchants to our online marketplace, (2) offer a secure and reliable transactional environment (including payment services) for both consumers and merchants, (3) create an effective set of rules governing our online marketplace, that is perceived as fair, (4) restrict access to our online marketplace for merchants who are not reliable or do not offer high-quality products and (5) ensure that third-party couriers used by merchants will be able to provide reliable logistics services in order to deliver products to customers within the agreed-upon timeframe.
The online retail industry is intensely competitive, and we may not compete successfully against new and existing competitors, which may materially and adversely affect our results of operations.
The retail market for the products we sell is intensely competitive. Consumers have many choices online and offline, including global, regional and local retailers. Our current and potential competitors include brick-and-mortar retailers specializing in sporting goods, fashion and beauty, general brick-and-mortar retailers and pure-play eCommerce players, such as other B2C eCommerce retailers. In the future, we may also face competition from new entrants, the consolidation of existing competitors or companies spun off from our larger competitors.
We face a variety of competitive challenges, including: sourcing products efficiently, pricing the products we sell competitively, maintaining optimal inventory levels, selling products effectively, maintaining the quality of the products we sell, building our customer base, conducting effective marketing activities, anticipating and responding quickly to changing consumer demands and preferences (which is especially true for the fashion and beauty segments), attracting visitors to our sites and maintaining favorable brand recognition. In addition, as we further develop our business, we will face increasing challenges to compete for and retain high quality suppliers. If we cannot properly address these challenges, our business and prospects would be materially and adversely affected. Other online retailers may be acquired by, receive investments from or enter into strategic relationships with well-established and well-funded companies or investors, which would help enhance their competitive positions. Certain of our competitors may be able to secure more favorable terms with suppliers, devote greater resources to marketing campaigns, adopt more aggressive pricing or inventory policies and devote substantially more resources to infrastructure and logistics development. Increased competition may reduce our sales performance, product margins, market share and brand recognition.
We cannot assure you that we will be able to compete successfully against current and future competitors, and competitive pressures may materially and adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations.
Interruption or failure of our information technology and communications systems could impair our operations, which could damage our reputation and harm our results of operations. Specifically, we rely on one third-party provider to provide us with Internet data centers to host our sites and keep them operational. Disruptions with this provider or in the services it provides to us could materially affect our reputation, operations or financial results.
Our success and ability to sell products online and provide high quality customer service depend on the efficient and uninterrupted operation of our computer and information technology systems. Any failure of our computer systems and information technology to operate effectively or to integrate with other systems, performance inadequacy or breach in security may cause interruptions in the availability of our sites, delays in product fulfillment and reduced efficiency of our operations. We experience service disruptions from time to time and on occasion, our site has not properly displayed promotions as marketed. Any failures, problems or security breaches may adversely affect the number of customers willing to purchase the products we offer in the future. Factors that could occur and significantly disrupt our operations include: system failures and outages
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caused by fire, floods, earthquakes, power loss, telecommunications failures, sabotage, vandalism, terrorist attacks and similar events; software errors; computer viruses, worms, physical or electronic break-ins and similar disruptions from unauthorized tampering with our computer systems and data centers; and security breaches related to the storage and transmission of proprietary information or customer information, such as credit card numbers or other personal information. Also, if too many customers access our sites within a short period of time due to increased holiday demand or any other reason, we have in the past and may in the future experience system interruptions that make our sites unavailable or prevent us from efficiently fulfilling orders, which may reduce the volume of goods we sell and the attractiveness of our products and services. We cannot assure you that such events will not occur and while we have backup systems and contingency plans for certain aspects of our operations and business processes, our planning does not account for all possible scenarios.
Specifically, we have contracted with one third party, Uol Diveo, to provide us with Internet data centers to host our eCommerce sites and keep them operational, and we rely on it and its operational, privacy and security procedures and controls and its ability to keep our sites operational. Failure by Uol Diveo to adequately keep our sites operational, including any prolonged or unscheduled service disruption that affects our customers’ ability to utilize our sites could result in the loss of sales and customers and/or increased costs, which could materially affect our reputation, operations or financial results. In addition, we rely in part on Uol Diveo to advise us of any security breaches, and if they do not provide notice on a timely basis, our reputation and results of operations may be adversely affected. We may have limited access to alternative services and may not be able to timely replace Uol Diveo, or find a replacement on a cost-efficient basis, in the event of disruptions, failures to provide services or other issues with them that may adversely affect our business.
Any disruptions or service interruptions that affect our sites could damage our reputation, require us to spend significant capital and other resources and expose us to a risk of loss or litigation and possible liability. We do not carry any business interruption insurance to compensate for losses that may occur as a result of any of these events and our agreements with third-party service providers do not require those providers to indemnify us for any losses resulting from any disruption in service. Accordingly, our results of operations may be adversely affected if any of the above disruptions should occur.
Our business may be harmed if we are unable to secure licenses for third-party technologies on which we rely.
We rely on licenses to utilize certain technology provided by third parties, such as our key database technology, our eCommerce platform, operating systems for our servers and other computers and components for our servers. These third-party technology licenses may cease to be available to us on commercially reasonable terms, or at all. If we are unable to obtain licenses for, or otherwise make use of this technology, we would need to obtain substitute technology, which may not be available. If substitute technology is available, it may be of lower quality or have lower performance standards or may only be available at a greater cost, any of which could materially adversely affect our business, results of operations and financial condition.
Also, because we often depend upon the successful operation of third-party products in conjunction with our software, any errors in these third-party products, which may be outside our control, may prevent the implementation or impair the functionality of our software and Internet-based services, delay the introduction of new services and harm our reputation.
If we are not able to continue to innovate and adapt to changes in technology or in our industry, our business, financial condition and results of operations would be materially and adversely affected.
The Internet is characterized by rapidly changing technology, evolving industry standards, new mobile apps, protocols and technologies, new service and product introductions, triggering further changes in customer demands and shopping patterns. Our failure to innovate and adapt to these changes would have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations. For example, total orders placed from mobile devices are growing at a fast pace. In the year ended December 31, 2016, orders placed by our customers from mobile devices represented
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approximately 32.2% of our total orders (compared to 20.2% in the year ended December 31, 2015). The variety of technical and other configurations across different mobile devices and platforms increases the challenges associated with this environment. If we are unable to continue to (1) attract new mobile consumers and increase or maintain levels of mobile engagement or (2) to rapidly adapt to future changes in technology, our ability to maintain or grow our business would be materially and adversely affected.
We rely on a small number of third-party couriers to deliver the products we sell to our customers, and their failure to provide high quality delivery services or our failure to effectively manage our relationships with them may materially and adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations.
We currently rely on a small number of third-party courier companies to deliver products to our consumers, and any failure by our key third-party service couriers to perform or any adverse change to their financial conditions could have a material adverse effect on our reputation and results of operations. In particular, we rely significantly on the Brazilian official post office (Correios), Total Express and Transfolha, which together delivered 77.1% of the purchase orders shipped to our customers for the year ended December 31, 2016. Our third-party couriers may offer us less favorable terms in the future, which may increase our shipping costs and materially and adversely affect our financial condition and results of operation. Further, most of our agreements with third-party couriers can be terminated upon delivery of thirty days’ prior written notice by any of the parties. If any of these agreements are terminated, there can be no assurance that we will be able to successfully substitute another service provider to provide delivery services on the same terms, in a timely manner or at all.
Additionally, interruptions to or failures in these third parties’ shipping services could prevent the timely or successful delivery of our products and adversely affect our operations. These interruptions may be due to unforeseen events such as inclement weather, natural disasters, pressure from unions, labor unrest or a strike, which are all beyond our control or the control of these third-party couriers. For example, our distribution network is sensitive to fluctuation in oil prices, which may result in increased shipping costs for third-party courier companies (as well as our suppliers’ transportation costs), which may, in turn, increase the prices of the products we sell and make us less competitive. Also, products may not be delivered to certain limited regions impacted by urban violence, which may prevent us from delivering our products to our customers’ homes.
If we do not deliver products in a timely manner or if we deliver damaged products, our customers may refuse to accept them and lose confidence in us. Many of the products we sell may be especially sensitive to delivery delays given that they are often purchased in anticipation of a specific date. Other products have a limited shelf-life and become quickly outdated. Any inability to promptly and successfully deliver the products we sell to customers, may result in the loss of their business and a material and adverse effect on our financial condition and reputation.
We are partially dependent upon a select number of prime brands manufactured by certain retail companies. We do not have long-term agreements with our suppliers, and they can cease or limit our access to their products at any time, which could adversely impact our results depending on the importance of the supplier.
Our business partially depends on a select number of prime brands. For instance, for the years ended December 31, 2015 and 2016, Nike, Adidas, Mizuno and Asics made up approximately 41.2% and 34.4%, respectively, of our net sales. We currently do not have long-term agreements with our suppliers. If any of these suppliers choose not to sell their products to us or limit our access to their products (for example, by entering into exclusive distribution arrangements with other retailers), our capacity to grow, our market share and our financial results could be adversely impacted. Also, to the extent that the increase in the sales of our private label products on our sites negatively affects the sales of our suppliers’ products, our relationship with certain of them could be adversely impacted.
In addition, our suppliers participate in an extremely competitive market with few global brands having the majority of the market share. In order to gain scale or market share, these brands could merge or acquire competitors. The further concentration of our suppliers could negatively impact our ability to negotiate with them and limit the number of companies that could act as our main suppliers.
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If we are unable to successfully manage the logistical challenge of expanding our operations, including the requisite technological capabilities, our results of operations and business could be materially and adversely affected.
We have expanded our operations rapidly since our inception and our net sales have increased from R$252.9 million in 2010 to R$1,739.5 million in 2016 (a compound annual growth rate, or CAGR, of approximately 38.0%). Our substantial growth has placed, and is expected to continue to place, a significant strain on our management, operational and financial resources. If our operations continue to grow, we will be required to continue to expand our sales and marketing and distribution functions, upgrade our management information systems and other processes and technology, and obtain more space for our expanding workforce. This expansion could increase the strain on our resources, and we could experience serious operating difficulties, including difficulties in hiring, training and managing an increasing number of employees, difficulties in obtaining sufficient suppliers, and delays in shipments. These difficulties would likely result in the erosion of our brand image and a resulting decrease in net sales and the price of our common shares.
As a result of expansion efforts, we must consistently add new hardware, update software, enhance our billing and transaction systems, and add and train new engineering and other personnel to support the increased use of our sites and the new products and features we regularly introduce. This upgrade process is expensive, and the increasing complexity and enhancement of our sites results in higher costs. Failure to upgrade our technology, transaction processing systems, security infrastructure, or network infrastructure to accommodate increased traffic or transaction volume could harm our business. Adverse consequences could include unanticipated system disruptions, slower response times, degradation in levels of customer support, impaired quality of users’ experiences of our services and delays in reporting accurate financial information. Also, our net sales depend on prompt and accurate billing processes. Our failure to grow our transaction-processing capabilities to accommodate the increasing number of transactions that must be billed on our sites would harm our business and our ability to collect revenue.
Furthermore, we may need to enter into relationships with various strategic partners, sites and other online service providers and other third parties necessary to our business. The increased complexity of managing multiple commercial relationships could lead to execution problems that can affect current and future sales and operating margins. Our current and planned systems, procedures and controls, personnel and third-party relationships may not be adequate to support our future operations. Our failure to manage growth effectively could have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations and financial condition.
We rely on third-party suppliers for the products we sell and any deterioration in those business relationships, the quality of their products or their reputation, especially in the case of any infringement by them on the intellectual property rights of others, may materially and adversely affect our reputation, business, financial condition and results of operations.
We source the products we sell (including our private label products) from over 500 suppliers. Our continued growth resulting from increased demand for the products we sell will require us to increase our ability to source commercial-quality products on reasonable terms.
Our suppliers (including those manufacturing our private label products) may:
• | cease selling merchandise on terms acceptable to us or at all; |
• | fail to deliver goods that meet consumer demands; |
• | encounter financial difficulties; |
• | terminate our relationships and enter into agreements with our competitors on more favorable terms; |
• | have economic or business interests or goals that are inconsistent with ours and take actions contrary to our instructions, requests or objectives; |
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• | decide to initiate their own eCommerce operations, thereby directly competing with us; |
• | be unable or unwilling to fulfill their obligations, including their obligations to meet our production deadlines, quality standards and product specifications; |
• | fail to expand their production capacities to meet our growing demands; |
• | encounter raw material or labor shortages or increases in raw material or labor costs, which may impact our costs; or |
• | engage in other activities or employment practices that may harm our reputation. |
Furthermore, agreements with our suppliers do not typically establish a fixed price for the purchase of products. As a result, we may be subject to price fluctuations based on changes in our suppliers’ businesses, cost structures or other factors. The occurrence of any of these events, alone or together, may have a material and adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations. In addition, most of our agreements with suppliers do not contain non-compete or exclusivity clauses that would prevent those suppliers from producing similar products for any other third party. Any disruption in our relationships with suppliers or our failure to resolve disputes with or complaints from our suppliers in a timely manner, could materially and adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations.
Also, our suppliers may sell products that infringe on the intellectual property rights of third parties. As a result, in addition to product delays, we may be subject to claims or proceedings resulting from our suppliers’ infringement. We may also be involved in intellectual property rights claims for sports, fashion or beauty apparel or products sold on our sites that may contain unauthorized logos or brands. In case we have determined that products sold on our sites are infringing on the intellectual property rights of third parties, we will remove them from our sites; however, we could incur significant costs and efforts in defending against or settling such claims. If there is a successful claim against us, we may be required to refrain from further sales of these products, enter into royalty or licensing agreements with other third parties or pay substantial damages, and we may be unable to recoup any losses from our suppliers. Any of these events could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations.
Failure to renew our current leases or locate desirable alternatives for our facilities could materially and adversely affect our business.
All of our offices and distribution centers are currently located on leased premises. At the end of each lease term, we may be unable to negotiate an extension of our leases or renew them on commercially acceptable terms. This could disrupt our operations and adversely affect our operating results. We compete with other businesses for premises at certain locations or of desirable sizes, and some landlords may have entered into long-term leases with other companies for our preferred premises. As a result, we may not be able to obtain new leases at desirable locations or renew our existing leases on acceptable terms or at all, which could materially and adversely affect our business.
We believe the interplay between the location of our distribution centers and our distribution network is an essential part of our business strategy. As we expand our operations, we cannot assure you that we will be able to lease suitable facilities on commercially acceptable terms in accordance with our growth strategy. The expansion of our logistics centers and distribution network, which could come in the form of expanding existing facilities or opening alternative or additional facilities, could put pressure on our managerial, financial, operational and other resources. If we are unable to secure new facilities or effectively manage our expanded logistical operations and control increasing costs, our growth potential, results of operations and business could be materially and adversely affected.
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We operate three distribution centers in Brazil, one in Argentina and one in Mexico, and if we fail to operate them efficiently, or if there is a serious disruption at one of these facilities, we may lose merchandise and be unable to effectively deliver it to our customers.
We currently operate three distribution centers in Brazil with approximately 63,000 square meters in total and two distribution centers outside Brazil with approximately 10,000 square meters in total. One of these distribution centers is in Barueri, in the State of São Paulo, Brazil, one is in Extrema, in the State of Minas Gerais, Brazil, one is in Jaboatão dos Guararapes, in the State of Pernambuco, Brazil, one is in the Buenos Aires metropolitan area, Argentina and one is in the Mexico City metropolitan area, Mexico. The operation, management and expansion of our distribution centers are key to our business and growth. If we fail to operate our distribution centers successfully and efficiently or there is a serious service disruption in one of these facilities, our deliveries could be delayed, a significant portion of our inventory could be damaged or our ability to adequately stock the products we sell and process returns of products to our suppliers could be impaired.
We have designed and built our own logistics infrastructure, including inbound receipt of items for sale, storage systems, packaging, outbound freight and the receipt, screening and handling of returns. These processes are complex and depend on sophisticated know-how and computerized systems which we have tailored to meet the specific needs of our business. Any failure or interruption, partial or complete, of these systems, for example as a result of software malfunctions or other serious disruptions, could impair our ability to timely deliver our customers’ purchases and harm our reputation. If we continue to add distribution capabilities, add new businesses or categories with different logistical requirements or change the mix of products that we sell, our logistics infrastructure will become increasingly complex and operating it will become even more challenging. We might encounter operational difficulties which could result in shipping delays and customer dissatisfaction or cause our logistical costs to become high and uncompetitive. Any failure to successfully address these challenges in a cost-effective and timely manner could severely disrupt our business and harm our reputation.
Our product delivery times can vary due to a variety of factors such as the location, our capacity to adequately manage and process multiple orders placed by our customers, the type of product sold, as well as the shipping option chosen by our customer. Our distribution capacity is dependent on the timely performance of services by third parties, including the shipping of products to and from our distribution facilities. Also, customers may expect or demand faster delivery times than we can provide in the future. If we are unable to meet customer expectations or demands in respect of delivery times or convenience, or if our competitors are able to deliver the same or equivalent products faster, more conveniently or for a lower cost, we could lose current or potential customers, our brand and reputation could suffer, and we could experience shortfalls in net sales.
Because many of the products that we sell are manufactured abroad, we may face delays, increased cost or quality control deficiencies in the importation of these products, which could reduce our net sales and profitability.
Although our direct imports of products represent 6.1% of the products we sold in 2016, like many other sporting, fashion and beauty goods retailers, a significant portion of the products that we purchase for resale is manufactured abroad in countries such as China, Taiwan and South Korea. For the year ended December 31, 2016, 41.3% of the products we sold were imported. Foreign imports subject us to the risks of changes in import duties or quotas, new restrictions on imports, work stoppages, delays in shipment, freight cost increases, product cost increases due to foreign currency fluctuations or revaluations and economic uncertainties (including the imposition of antidumping or countervailing duty orders, safeguards, remedies or compensation and retaliation due to illegal foreign trade practices). If any of these or other factors were to cause a disruption of trade from the countries in which the suppliers of our vendors are located, we may be unable to obtain sufficient quantities of products to satisfy our requirements or our cost of obtaining products may increase.
In addition, we do not control our suppliers or the manufacturers of our private label products. To the extent that any foreign manufacturers that supply products to us directly or indirectly utilize quality control standards,
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production methods, labor practices or other practices that vary from those legally mandated, expected by our customers or commonly accepted in the world, we could be hurt by any resulting negative publicity or, in some cases, face potential liability. Historically, instability in the political and economic environments of the countries in which our suppliers or we operate has not had a material adverse effect on our operations. However, we cannot predict the effect that future changes in economic or political conditions in the foreign countries where our supplying manufacturers are located may have on our operations. In the event of disruptions or delays in supply due to economic or political conditions in foreign countries, those disruptions or delays could adversely affect our results of operations unless and until alternative supply arrangements are made. In addition, merchandise purchased from alternative sources may be of lesser quality or more expensive than the merchandise we currently purchase abroad.
Failure to maintain and further develop our brand recognition and maintain a positive public image could have a material adverse effect on our business and results of operations.
We believe developing our brand recognition is important to our sales and marketing efforts. If we fail to enhance the recognition of our brand, it could have a material adverse effect on our ability to sell products and, in turn, our business and results of operations. If we fail to maintain and develop a positive public image and reputation, our existing business with our customers could decline and we may fail to attract new customers, which could, in turn, adversely affect our prospects and results of operations.
For instance, complaints from customers or negative publicity about the products we sell (especially our private label products), the prices we charge or customer service have, from time to time, had a negative effect on our reputation in the past and could in the future reduce consumer confidence and the use of our services and adversely affect our business. In addition, some of the products we sell may expose us to product liability claims relating to personal injury, death, or property damage, and may require product recalls or other actions. To maintain good customer relations, we need prompt and accurate customer service to resolve irregularities and disputes. Effective customer service requires significant personnel expense and investment in developing programs and technology infrastructure to help customer service representatives carry out their functions. These expenses, if not managed properly, could significantly impact our profitability. Failure to manage or train our customer service representatives properly could compromise our ability to handle customer complaints effectively. If we do not handle customer complaints effectively, our reputation may suffer and we may lose our customers’ confidence.
In addition, from time to time we execute advertisement contracts with celebrities to promote our sites and brands in marketing campaigns. Harm to those celebrities’ reputations, even if not associated with our sites and brands, could also harm our brand image and result in a material decrease in our net sales, which could have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations and financial condition.
Changes in tax laws, tax incentives, benefits or differing interpretations of tax laws may adversely affect our results of operations.
Changes in tax laws, regulations, related interpretations and tax accounting standards in, Brazil, Mexico, Argentina, the Cayman Islands and the United States may result in a higher tax rate on our earnings, which may result in a significant negative impact on our profits and cash flows from operations. Also, our results of operations and financial condition may be affected if certain tax incentives are not retained or renewed. For example, the ICMS (Imposto sobre Circulação de Mercadorias e Serviços) is a Brazilian state value-added tax with nominal rates of 18% to 25% depending on each state’s tax legislation. Sales to purchasers outside of the State of Pernambuco originating from our distribution center located in the city of Recife (State of Pernambuco, Brazil) currently enjoy Pernambuco State ICMS tax rates ranging from 0.5% to 1.0%, depending on the type of product offered. Also, sales to purchasers outside of the State of Minas Gerais originating from our distributioncenter located in the city of Extrema (State of Minas Gerais, Brazil) currently enjoy a Minas Gerais State ICMS tax rate of 1%. These ICMS tax benefits can be suspended or cancelled by the States of Pernambuco and Minas
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Gerais at any time. Benefits can also be suspended or cancelled by Brazilian judicial courts in the event of lawsuits filed by other States or legitimate parties challenging theirconstitutionality, and any loss of these incentives would result in increased taxes for the upcoming fiscal years and adversely affect our results if we are not able to pass this tax increase on to our customers. In 2015, our average ICMS tax burden was 3.6%, mainly as a result of tax reductions and incentives. As a result of a recent amendment to the Brazilian constitution, which changed the rules about the allocation of ICMS taxes collected in interstate sales between the state of origin of the products sold and the state where the final customer is located, we expect that our average ICMS tax burden will increase to 10.1% by 2019, as these changes are expected to partially offset the benefits we currently experience from these tax incentives. For further information regarding the changes prompted by this constitutional amendment and its impact on us, see “Business—Regulation.” If we are not capable of optimizing our cost structure to offset this tax increase or if we are not capable of passing on this tax increase to our customers, our financial condition, results of operations and cash flows could be adversely impacted.
In addition, governments are increasingly considering tax law changes as a means to cover budgetary shortfalls resulting from the recent downturn of the economic environment in Brazil and Mexico. If such proposals were enacted, or if modifications were to be made to certain existing tax benefits or treaties, the consequences may have a material adverse impact on us, including increasing our tax burden, increasing costs of our tax compliance or otherwise adversely affecting our financial condition, results of operations and cash flows.
Furthermore, we are subject to tax laws and regulations that may be interpreted differently by us and tax authorities. For instance, we and other retailers in Brazil are currently challenging the Brazilian tax authorities’ interpretation that the calculation basis for the Social Integration Program (Programa de Integração Social), or PIS, and the Contribution to Social Security Financing (Contribuição para o Financiamento da Seguridade Social), or COFINS, taxes over the products we sell should also consider the ICMS tax rate levied upon such products. Although based on recent rulings of the Brazilian Supreme Court our lawyers estimate our chances of losing this legal dispute as only possible, if Brazilian courts ultimately decide adversely to us, we may have to take unanticipated provisions and charges, which could have a negative impact on our financial condition and results of operations. For further information, see “Business—Legal and Administrative Proceedings—Tax and Social Security Matters.”
The expansion of our business partially depends on increased availability of credit and credit cards to our customers, and we are subject to payments-related risks.
Our business is highly dependent on credit cards as the preferred payment method of our customers. As of December 31, 2016, 72.8% of our net sales were derived from payments effected through credit cards. As a result, the continued growth of our business is also partially dependent on the expansion of credit card penetration in Brazil, Argentina and Mexico, which may never reach a percentage similar to more developed countries for reasons that are beyond our control, such as low credit availability for a relevant portion of the population in such countries.
In addition to credit cards, we accept payments using a variety of methods, including bank payment slips, electronic payment platforms (such as PayPal) and consumer invoicing. As we offer new payment options to our customers, we may be subject to additional regulations, compliance requirements, and additional fraud-related risks. For certain payment methods, including credit cards, we pay transaction and other fees, which may increase over time and raise our operating costs, lowering profitability. We rely on third parties to provide payment processing services and it could disrupt our business if these companies become unwilling or unable to provide these services to us. If we fail to comply with these third-party servicers’ rules or requirements, or if our data security systems are breached or compromised (similar to the increase in fraud attempts we experienced in 2016), we may be liable for chargebacks, credit card issuing banks’ costs, fines and higher transaction fees and we may lose our ability to accept credit card payments from our customers, process electronic funds transfers, or facilitate other types of online payments. Additionally, consumers and merchants in Brazil can bring claims against us for credit card and other losses due to third-party fraud on our marketplace platform. If any of these situations were to occur, our business and operating results could be adversely affected.
In addition, as secure methods of payment for eCommerce transactions have not been widely adopted in certain emerging markets, consumers and other merchants may have relatively low confidence in the integrity of
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eCommerce transactions and remote payment mechanisms, which may have a material and adverse effect on our business prospects or limit our growth.
Our costs may change as a result of currency exchange rate fluctuations or inflation in the cost of merchandise manufactured and purchased abroad.
We source goods from various countries (mainly from China) in currencies other than the Brazilianreal(mainly the U.S. dollar). As a result, changes in the value of the U.S. dollar or in the functional currencies in which our subsidiaries operate compared to other currencies, or inflation affecting foreign labor and raw material costs, may affect the cost of goods that we purchase. If the cost of goods that we purchase increases, we may not be able to similarly increase the retail prices that we charge consumers without impacting our sales and our results of operations may suffer. If we do increase our retail prices, our reputation may suffer, which may also negatively impact our results of operations.
We depend on key management personnel, and the loss of our management or the inability to attract and retain other key personnel could harm our business.
Our future success depends largely on the skills and efforts of our senior management team, and in particular, Marcio Kumruian, one of our founders, and currently chairman of our board of directors and chief executive officer. The loss of members of our management could disrupt our operations and have an adverse effect on our business. If members of our senior management team resign, we may not be able to sustain our existing culture or replace them with individuals of the same experience and qualification. In particular, our business model was designed by Marcio Kumruian, and we believe that we will continue to be heavily dependent on his insights and experience for our continuing success.
Our future success also depends on our ability to identify, attract, hire, train, retain, motivate and manage other highly skilled technical, managerial, information technology, marketing and customer service personnel. Competition for these personnel is intense, and we may not be able to successfully attract, hire, train, retain, motivate and manage sufficiently qualified personnel.
We are susceptible to illegal uses of our platform, and we could potentially face liability for any illegal use of our platform.
We, like our platforms, are susceptible to potentially illegal or improper uses, including, fraudulent and illicit sales on the payment methods accepted by us and bank fraud. In addition, our services could be subject to unauthorized credit card use, identity theft, employee fraud or other internal security breaches. We may incur significant costs to protect against the threat of information security breaches or to respond to or alleviate problems caused by any breaches. Laws may require notification to regulators, customers or employees and we may be required to reimburse customers or credit card companies for any funds stolen as a result of any breaches or to provide credit monitoring or identity theft protection in the event of a privacy breach. These requirements, as well as any additional restrictions that may be imposed by credit card companies, could raise our costs significantly and reduce our attractiveness.
In addition to the direct costs of such losses, if they are related to credit card transactions and become excessive they could result in us losing the right to accept credit cards for payment. If we are unable to accept credit cards, our business will be adversely affected given that credit cards are the most widely used method for our customers to pay for the products we sell.
We may pursue strategic acquisitions or investments and the failure of an acquisition or investment to produce the anticipated results or the inability to fully integrate an acquired company could have an adverse impact on our business.
We may from time to time acquire or invest in complementary companies or businesses. The success of acquisitions or investments is based on our ability to make accurate assumptions regarding the valuation,
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operations, growth potential, integration and other factors related to the respective business. We cannot assure you that our acquisitions or investments will produce the results that we expect at the time we enter into or complete a given transaction. Furthermore, acquisitions may result in difficulties integrating the acquired companies, and may result in the diversion of our capital and our management’s attention from other business issues and opportunities. We may not be able to successfully integrate operations that we acquire, including their personnel, financial systems, distribution or operating procedures. If we fail to successfully integrate acquisitions, our business could suffer. In addition, the integration of any acquired business and their financial results may adversely affect our operating results.
Requirements associated with being a public company in the United States will require significant company resources and management attention.
After the completion of this offering, we will become subject to certain reporting requirements of the Exchange Act, and the other rules and regulations of the SEC and the NYSE. We will also be subject to various other regulatory requirements, including the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, or the Sarbanes-Oxley Act. We expect these rules and regulations to increase our legal, accounting and financial compliance costs and to make some activities more time-consuming and costly. For example, we expect these rules and regulations to make it more difficult and more expensive for us to obtain director and officer liability insurance, and we may be required to accept reduced policy limits and coverage or incur substantial costs to maintain the same or similar coverage. New rules and regulations relating to information disclosure, financial reporting and controls and corporate governance, which could be adopted by the SEC, the NYSE or other regulatory bodies or exchange entities from time to time, could result in a significant increase in legal, accounting and other compliance costs and make certain corporate activities more time-consuming and costly, which could materially affect our business, financial condition and results of operations. These rules and regulations may also make it more difficult for us to attract and retain qualified persons to serve on our board of directors or as executive officers.
These new obligations will also require substantial attention from our senior management and could divert their attention away from the day-to-day management of our business. Given that most of the individuals who now constitute our management team have limited experience managing a publicly traded company and complying with the increasingly complex laws pertaining to public companies, initially, these new obligations could demand even greater attention. These cost increases and the diversion of management’s attention could materially and adversely affect our business, financial condition and operation results.
If we fail to establish and maintain proper and effective internal control over financial reporting, our results of operations and our ability to operate our business may be harmed.
Prior to this offering, we have been a private company with limited accounting personnel and other resources to address our internal control over financial reporting. Neither we nor our independent registered public accounting firm undertook, nor were we required to undertake, a comprehensive assessment of our internal control for purposes of identifying and reporting material weaknesses and other control deficiencies in our internal control over financial reporting. We believe it is possible that, if we performed a formal assessment of our internal control over financial reporting or if our independent registered public accounting firm performed an audit of our internal control over financial reporting, internal control deficiencies could have been identified.
After this offering, we will be subject to the Sarbanes-Oxley Act, which requires, among other things, that we establish and maintain effective internal control over financial reporting and disclosure controls and procedures. Under the SEC’s current rules, beginning with the year ending December 31, 2018, we are required to perform system and process evaluation and testing of our internal control over financial reporting to allow management to assess the effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting. Our testing may reveal deficiencies in our internal control over financial reporting that are deemed to be material weaknesses or significant deficiencies and render our internal control over financial reporting ineffective. Because of our international corporate structure, our financial reporting requires substantial international activities, resources and
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reporting consolidation. We expect to incur substantial accounting and auditing expense and to expend significant management time in complying with these requirements. If we are not able to comply with these requirements in a timely manner, or if we or our management identifies material weaknesses or significant deficiencies in our internal control over financial reporting that are deemed to be material weaknesses, the market price of our shares may decline and we may be subject to investigations or sanctions by the SEC, the Financial Industry Regulatory Authority, Inc., or FINRA, or other regulatory authorities. In addition, we may be required to expend significant management time and financial resources to correct any material weaknesses that may be identified or to respond to any regulatory investigations or proceedings.
Our holding company structure makes us dependent on the operations of our subsidiaries.
We are a Cayman Islands exempted company with limited liability. Our material assets are our direct and indirect equity interests in our subsidiaries, particularly our Brazilian subsidiary. We are, therefore, dependent upon payments, dividends and distributions from our subsidiaries for funds to pay our holding company’s operating and other expenses and to pay future cash dividends or distributions, if any, to holders of our common shares, and we may have tax costs in connection with any dividend or distribution. Furthermore, exchange rate fluctuation will affect the U.S. dollar value of any distributions our subsidiaries make with respect to our equity interests in those subsidiaries. See “—We plan to continue expanding our international operations abroad. Inherent risks or developments in the international markets where we operate expose us to a number of risks, including risks beyond our control, and they could have an adverse effect on our financial condition and results of operations,” “—Risks Related to Doing Business in Brazil and the rest of Latin America—The Brazilian government has exercised, and continues to exercise, significant influence over the Brazilian economy. This involvement, as well as Brazilian political and economic conditions, could have an adverse effect on us and the market price of our common shares,” “—Risks Related to this Offering and our Common Shares—It is unlikely that we will declare any dividends on our common shares” and “Dividend policy.”
An occurrence of a natural disaster, widespread health epidemic or other outbreaks could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations.
Our business could be materially and adversely affected by natural disasters, such as fires or floods, the outbreak of a widespread health epidemic, or other events, such as wars, acts of terrorism, environmental accidents, power shortages or communication interruptions. The occurrence of a disaster or similar event could materially disrupt our business and operations. These events could also cause us to close our operating facilities temporarily, which would severely disrupt our operations and have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations. In addition, our net sales could be materially reduced to the extent that a natural disaster, health epidemic or other major event harms the economy of the countries where we operate. Our operations could also be severely disrupted if our consumers, merchants or other participants were affected by natural disasters, health epidemics or other major events.
Unauthorized disclosure of sensitive or confidential customer information or our failure or the perception by our customers that we failed to comply with privacy laws or properly address privacy concerns could harm our business and standing with our customers.
We collect, store, process, and use certain personal information and other user data in our business. A significant risk associated with eCommerce and communications is the secure transmission of confidential information over public networks. The perception of privacy concerns, whether or not valid, may adversely affect our business and results of operations. We must ensure that any processing, collection, use, storage, dissemination, transfer and disposal of data for which we are responsible complies with relevant data protection and privacy laws. The protection of our customer, employee and company data is critical to us. Currently, a number of our users authorize us to bill their credit card accounts directly. We rely on commercially available systems, software, tools and monitoring to provide secure processing, transmission and storage of confidential customer information, such as credit card and other personal information. Despite the security measures we have in place, our facilities and systems, and those of our third-party service providers, may be
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vulnerable to security breaches, acts of vandalism, computer viruses, misplaced or lost data, programming or human errors, or other similar events. Any security breach, or any perceived failure involving the misappropriation, loss or other unauthorized disclosure of confidential information, as well as any failure or perceived failure to comply with laws, policies, legal obligations or industry standards regarding data privacy and protection, whether by us or our vendors, could damage our reputation, expose us to litigation risk and liability, subject us to negative publicity, disrupt our operations and harm our business. We cannot assure you that our security measures will prevent security breaches or that failure to prevent them will not have a material adverse effect on our business. Further, we do not carry and we do not require our vendors to carry cybersecurity insurance to compensate for any losses that may result from any breach of security. Therefore, our results of operations or financial condition may be materially adversely affected if our existing general liability policies did not cover a security breach.
Our inability or failure to protect our intellectual property and any intellectual property infringement against us could have a negative impact on our operating results.
Our trademarks, service marks, copyrights, trade secrets, domain names and other intellectual property (including those related to our private label products) are valuable assets that are critical to our success. In particular, the protection of our trademarks and service marks is an important factor in product recognition and in our ability to maintain or increase market share. If we do not adequately protect our rights in our various trademarks and service marks, unauthorized reproduction or other misappropriation of our intellectual property may arise. Such infringement of our intellectual property rights could diminish the value of our brands or goodwill and cause a decline in our sales. As a result, any failure to protect our intellectual property could have an adverse effect on our operating results.
Effective trademark and other intellectual property protection may not be available in every country in which we operate and we cannot guarantee that we will be able to adequately protect our intellectual property from misappropriation or unauthorized use. The process of seeking intellectual property protection is expensive and time-consuming. While we aim to acquire adequate protection of our brand through trademark registrations in key markets, occasionally third parties may have already registered or otherwise acquired rights to identical or similar marks for products or solutions that address our market. Policing unauthorized use of intellectual property is also difficult. Additionally, costly and time-consuming litigation could be necessary to enforce and determine the scope of our proprietary rights, and our failure to successfully defend our proprietary rights could adversely affect our business.
Risks Related to Doing Business in Brazil and the Rest of Latin America
The Brazilian government has exercised, and continues to exercise, significant influence over the Brazilian economy. This involvement, as well as Brazilian political and economic conditions, could have an adverse effect on us and the market price of our common shares.
We conduct a substantial amount of our operations in Brazil, and we sell a substantial portion of our products to customers in the domestic market. For the year ended December 31, 2016, 89.4% of our net sales were derived from Brazil. Accordingly, our results of operations are substantially dependent on the economic conditions in Brazil. Brazil’s gross domestic product, or GDP, in real terms, grew by 2.7% in 2013 and 0.1% in 2014 and shrank by 3.8% in 2015 and 3.6% in 2016. In 2016, thereal has fluctuated significantly, primarily as a result of Brazil’s political instability, and it has appreciated against the U.S. dollar since March 2016. In addition, the credit rating of the Brazilian federal government has been downgraded in 2015 and 2016 by all major credit rating agencies and is no longer investment grade. We cannot assure that Brazil’s GDP will increase or stabilize in the future. Future developments in the Brazilian economy may affect Brazil’s growth rates, employment rates, the availability of credit and average wages in Brazil and, consequently, the consumption level of the products we sell. As a result, these developments could impair our business strategies, results of operations or financial condition.
The Brazilian government frequently intervenes in the Brazilian economy and occasionally makes significant changes in policy and regulations. The Brazilian government’s actions to control inflation and
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implement other policies and regulations have often involved, among other measures, increases in interest rates, changes in tax policies, wage and price controls, currency devaluations, capital controls and limits on imports. Our business, financial condition, results of operations, trading price of the common shares and prospects may be adversely affected by changes in government policies or regulations, involving or affecting factors such as:
• | interest rates; |
• | exchange rates and exchange control policies; |
• | restrictions on remittances abroad; |
• | currency fluctuation; |
• | inflation rates; |
• | tariff and export/import control policies; |
• | economic and social instability; |
• | liquidity of domestic financial and capital markets; |
• | electricity rationing and energy shortage; |
• | international trade policy; |
• | tax policies; |
• | regulatory framework governing our industry; and |
• | other political, diplomatic, social and economic developments in or affecting Brazil. |
Historically, the Brazilian currency has suffered frequent devaluations against the U.S. dollar. Throughout the periods of currency depreciation, the Brazilian government has implemented certain measures and various economic plans for exchange controls. For instance, Brazilian law provides that whenever there is a serious imbalance in Brazil’s balance of payments or reason to foresee a serious imbalance, the Brazilian government may impose temporary restrictions on the remittance to foreign investors of the proceeds of their investments in Brazil. For example, for approximately six months in 1989 and early 1990, the Brazilian government froze all dividend and capital repatriations that were owed to foreign equity investors and held by the Central Bank in order to conserve Brazil’s foreign currency reserves. These amounts were subsequently released in accordance with Brazilian governmental directives. We cannot assure you that the Brazilian government will not take similar measures in the future. As a result, we may not be able to receive dividends or distributions from our Brazilian subsidiary in currencies other thanreaisand consequently be unable to pay dividends to our shareholders. The likelihood that the Brazilian government would impose such restrictions may be affected by the extent of Brazil’s foreign currency reserves, the availability of foreign currency in the foreign exchange markets on the date a payment is due, the size of Brazil’s debt service burden relative to the economy as a whole, and other factors.
Uncertainty as to whether the Brazilian government will implement changes in policy or regulations affecting these or other factors in the future may contribute to economic uncertainty in Brazil and to heightened volatility in the Brazilian securities markets and the securities issued by Brazilian companies.
Also, Brazilian markets have been experiencing heightened volatility due to uncertainties derived from the ongoingLava Jato investigation, which is being conducted by the Office of the Brazilian Federal Prosecutor, and its impact on the Brazilian economy and political environment. As a result of the ongoing Lava Jato investigation, a number of senior politicians, including congressmen and officers of some of the major state-owned companies in Brazil have resigned or been arrested. Other senior elected officials and other public officials in Brazil are being investigated for allegations of unethical and illegal conduct identified during the Lava Jato investigation. The matters that have come, and may continue to come, to light as a result of, or in connection with the Lava Jato investigation and related anti-corruption inquiries have adversely affected and we expect that they will continue to adversely affect the Brazilian economy, markets and trading prices of securities issued by issuers with Brazilian operating subsidiaries in the near future.
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On August 31, 2016, the Brazilian Senate impeached President Dilma Rousseff for violations of fiscal responsibility laws and the then–Vice-President Michel Temer assumed office to complete the remainder of the presidential mandate. We cannot predict the outcome of recent political uncertainty in Brazil and its effects on the Brazilian economy, but it may cause further instability. We also cannot predict the policies Mr. Temer may adopt or change during his mandate as to the factors mentioned above or the effect that any such policies might have on our business and on the Brazilian economy. Any new policies or changes to current policies may have a material adverse effect on us.
We plan to continue expanding our international operations abroad. Inherent risks or developments in the international markets where we operate expose us to a number of risks, including risks beyond our control, and they could have an adverse effect on our financial condition and results of operations.
Our international activities represented 10.6% of our net sales for the year ended December 31, 2016, but international expansion is key for the future prospects of our business. We may enter into new international markets where we have limited or no experience and in which we may be less well-known. As we expand internationally, we are managing our business to address varied consumer customs and practices, in particular those dealing with sporting goods eCommerce and with respect to the Internet generally, as well as differing legal and regulatory environments. Our failure to accurately assess business opportunities and local consumer customs could have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations and financial condition. In addition, we are subject to a variety of risks inherent in doing business internationally, including:
• | political, social, or economic instability, including civil disturbances; |
• | fluctuations in currency exchange rates and its impact on our international operations (such as the recent sharp devaluation of the Argentinepeso,which resulted in a material reduction of the results of operations of our subsidiary in Argentina in 2015 when denominated inreais,which reached ARS3.32 per R$1.00 on December 31, 2015 and ARS4.87 per R$1.00 on December 31, 2016 compared with ARS3.22 per R$1.00 on December 2014), compliance with currency controls and restrictions on remittances abroad; |
• | inflation rates (such as the current environment of high inflation rates in Argentina, which reached 38.5% in 2014, 27.7% in 2015 and 40.3% in 2016, according toIPC Congreso); |
• | risks related to the legal and regulatory environment in foreign jurisdictions, including with respect to consumer, privacy and data protection laws, tax, law enforcement, network security, trade compliance and intellectual property matters, as well as consumer litigation; |
• | government regulation of Internet and eCommerce and other services, electronic devices, and competition, and restrictive governmental actions (such as restrictions on importation and trade protection measures, including import duties and quotas and customs duties and tariffs); |
• | burdens of complying with a variety of foreign laws; |
• | difficulties in identifying, attracting, hiring, training and retaining qualified personnel, and overseeing international operations, including the efficient management of our international operations; |
• | availability, quality and level of usage of the Internet in relevant jurisdictions, and lower levels of consumer spending; |
• | higher level of credit risk, fraud and the lack of secure payment methods; |
• | restrictions on sales or distribution of certain products or services and liability related to products sold to customers; |
• | limited technology infrastructure; among others. |
Accordingly, any efforts we make to expand our cross-border operations may not be successful, which could limit our ability to grow our net sales.
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Inflation and efforts by the Brazilian government to combat inflation may contribute significantly to economic uncertainty in Brazil and could have an adverse effect on us and the market price of our common shares.
Brazil has historically experienced high rates of inflation. Inflation, as well as governmental measures put in place to combat inflation, have had a material adverse effect on the Brazilian economy. Inflationary pressures persist, and actions taken in an effort to curb inflation, coupled with public speculation about possible future governmental actions, have in the past contributed to economic uncertainty in Brazil and heightened volatility in the Brazilian securities market. The inflation rate in Brazil, as reflected by the Broad Consumer Price Index (Índice Nacional de Preços ao Consumidor Amplo, or IPCA), published by the Brazilian Institute for Geography and Statistics (Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística, or IBGE), was 6.41% in 2014, 10.67% in 2015 and 6.29% in 2016.
As a result of inflationary pressures and macroeconomic instability, the Brazilian government historically has adopted monetary policies that have resulted in Brazil’s interest rates being among the highest in the world. The Central Bank sets the base interest rates generally available to the Brazilian banking system, based on the expansion or contraction of the Brazilian economy, inflation rates and other economic indicators. In August 2012, the base interest rate (Sistema Especial de Liquidação e Custódia, or SELIC rate) set by the Central Bank was 7.50%. To control inflation during 2013, the Central Bank gradually raised the SELIC rate to 8.50% in July, 9.00% in August, 9.50% in October, and 10.00% in December. In 2014, the Central Bank raised the SELIC rate to 11.00% in April, 11.25% in October and 11.75% in December. In 2015, it was raised again to 12.25% in January, 12.75% in March, 13.25% in May and 14.25% in July. From July 2015 to September 2016 it remained at 14.25% and was reduced to 14% in October 2016 and to 13.75% in November 2016. As of March 29, 2017 the SELIC rate was 12.25%. Brazilian interest rates remain high and any increase in interest rates could negatively affect our profitability and results of operations and would increase the costs associated with financing our operations.
Inflation and government measures to combat inflation, along with speculation about possible future governmental measures, have had and are expected to continue to have significant negative effects on the Brazilian economy, including heightened volatility in the Brazilian securities market. In addition, measures to control inflation have often included maintaining a tight monetary policy with high interest rates, thereby restricting the availability of credit and limiting economic growth. On the other hand, these policies may be incapable of preventing increases in the inflation rate. Furthermore, the absence of such policies may trigger increases in the inflation rate and thereby adversely affect economic stability. In the event of an increase in inflation, we may not be able to adjust the prices we charge our customers to offset the effects of inflation on our cost structure, which may adversely affect our business, results of operations and the market price of our common shares.
Exchange rate instability may adversely increase our costs and affect our financial condition and results of operations.
The Brazilian currency has historically experienced frequent, sometimes significant, fluctuations relative to the U.S. dollar and other foreign currencies. On December 31, 2012 thereal/U.S. dollar exchange rate was R$2.04 per US$1.00. During 2013, thereal depreciated against the U.S. dollar, and on December 31, 2013, the exchange rate was R$2.34 per US$1.00. Thereal continued its decline against the U.S. dollar in 2014, reaching R$2.66 per US$1.00 on December 31, 2014. In 2015, thereal further depreciated against the U.S. dollar, reaching R$3.90 per US$1.00 on December 31, 2015. On June 30, 2016, the exchange rate was R$3.21 per US$1.00, on December 31, 2016, the exchange rate was R$3.26 per US$1.00 and on March 29, 2017, the exchange rate was R$3.12 per US$1.00.
A devaluation of thereal relative to the U.S. dollar could create inflationary pressures in Brazil and cause the Brazilian government to, among other measures, increase interest rates. Any depreciation of thereal may generally restrict access to the international capital markets. It would also reduce the U.S. dollar value of our results. Restrictive macroeconomic policies could adversely affect the stability of the Brazilian economy, as well as adversely impact our results of operations and profitability. In addition, domestic and international reactions to restrictive economic policies could have a negative impact on the Brazilian economy. These policies and any
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reactions to them may adversely affect us by curtailing access to foreign financial markets and prompting further government intervention. A devaluation of therealrelative to the U.S. dollar may also, as in the context of the current economic slowdown, decrease consumer spending, increase deflationary pressures and reduce economic growth.
On the other hand, an appreciation of thereal relative to the U.S. dollar and other foreign currencies may deteriorate the Brazilian foreign exchange current accounts. Many of the goods we purchase are manufactured abroad, and the prices charged by foreign manufacturers may be affected by the fluctuation of their local currency against the U.S. dollar. We source goods from various countries, including China, and thus changes in the value of the U.S. dollar compared to other currencies may affect the costs of goods that we purchase. Depending on the circumstances, either devaluation or appreciation of thereal relative to the U.S. dollar and other foreign currencies could adversely affect the growth of the Brazilian economy, as well as our business, results of operations and profitability.
Deterioration in general economic and market conditions or the perception of risk in other countries, especially the United States and emerging market countries, may adversely affect the countries in which we operate, the market price of our common shares, our access to the international capital markets and, accordingly, our results of operation and financial condition.
The market price of securities issued by Brazilian companies or holding companies with Brazilian subsidiaries is affected to varying degrees by economic and market conditions in other countries, including the United States and other Latin American and emerging market countries. Factors such as higher interest rates, higher fuel and energy costs, weakness in overall market conditions, higher levels of inflation and unemployment, decreases in consumer disposable income, unavailability of consumer credit or credit restrictions imposed by credit card companies, higher consumer debt levels and tax rates, among others, may adversely affect consumer demand for sporting, fashion and beauty goods, and significantly affect our business. Although economic conditions in certain countries may differ significantly from economic conditions in Brazil, investors’ reactions to developments in other countries may have an adverse effect on companies with operations in Brazil. Crises or investors’ perceptions of events in the United States and other emerging market countries or changes in economic policies of other countries may substantially affect capital flows into these countries and the market value of securities from issuers in other countries, and may especially impact the demand for securities of Brazilian issuers or issuers with Brazilian operating subsidiaries, including ours. Any of these factors could adversely affect the market price of our securities and restrict our ability to access international capital markets at all or on acceptable terms and finance our operations.
In the past, adverse economic conditions in other emerging markets resulted in a significant outflow of funds and a decrease in the quantity of foreign capital invested in Brazil. The financial crisis that began in the United States during the third quarter of 2008 contributed to a global recession. This had direct and indirect adverse effects on the Latin American economies where we operate and, more specifically, in the Brazilian economy and capital markets. These effects included fluctuations in the trading prices of listed securities, scarcity of credit, cost-cutting measures, general worldwide recession, exchange rate instability and inflationary pressures. Any of these events could adversely affect the market price of our common shares and limit our access to capital markets. As a result, we may be unable to finance our operations in the future on acceptable terms or at all.
To the extent that economic problems in emerging market countries or elsewhere adversely affect Brazil or the other countries where we operate, our business and the market value of our common shares could be adversely affected. Furthermore, we cannot assure you that, in the event of adverse developments in emerging market economies, the international capital markets will remain open to companies with significant Brazilian operations or that the resulting interest rates in such markets will be advantageous to us. Decreased foreign investment in Brazil may negatively affect growth and liquidity in the Brazilian economy, which in turn may have a negative impact on our business.
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Internet regulation in Brazil is recent and still limited and several legal issues related to the Internet are uncertain.
In 2014, Brazil enacted a law setting forth principles, guarantees, rights and duties for the use of the internet in Brazil, including provisions about Internet service provider liability, Internet user privacy and internet neutrality, or the Internet Act. In May 2016, further regulations were passed in connection with the Internet Act. However, unlike in the United States, little case law exists around the Internet Act and existing jurisprudence has not been consistent. Legal uncertainty arising from the limited guidance provided by current laws in force allows for different judges or courts to decide very similar claims in different ways and establish contradictory jurisprudence. This legal uncertainty allows for rulings against us and could set adverse precedents, which individually or in the aggregate could have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations and financial condition. In addition, legal uncertainty may negatively affect our customers’ perception and use of our services.
We are subject to costs and risks associated with increased or changing laws and regulations affecting our business, including those relating to the sale of consumer products. Specifically, developments in data protection and privacy laws could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition or results or operations.
We operate in a complex regulatory and legal environment that exposes us to compliance and litigation risks and that could materially affect our operations and financial results. These laws may change, sometimes significantly, as a result of political, economic or social events. Some of the federal, state or local laws and regulations that affect us include: those relating to consumer products, product liability or consumer protection; those relating to the manner in which we advertise, market or sell products; labor and employment laws, including wage and hour laws; tax laws or interpretations thereof; data protection and privacy laws and regulations; customs or import laws and regulations; and securities and exchange laws and regulations. For instance, data protection and privacy laws are developing to take into account the changes in cultural and consumer attitudes towards the protection of personal data. There can be no guarantee that we will have sufficient financial resources to comply with any new regulations or successfully compete in the context of a shifting regulatory environment. Any additional privacy laws or regulations could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition or results of operations.
We may face restrictions and penalties under the Brazilian Consumer Protection Code in the future.
Brazil has a series of strict consumer protection statutes, or collectively the Consumer Protection Code (Código de Defesa do Consumidor), that are intended to safeguard consumer interests and that apply to all companies in Brazil that supply products or services to Brazilian consumers. These consumer protection provisions include protection against misleading and deceptive advertising, protection against coercive or unfair business practices and protection in the formation and interpretation of contracts, usually in the form of civil liabilities and administrative penalties for violations. These penalties are often levied by the Brazilian Consumer Protection Agencies (Fundação de Proteção e Defesa do Consumidor, or PROCONs), which oversee consumer issues on a district-by-district basis. Companies that operate across Brazil may face penalties from multiple PROCONs, as well as the National Secretariat for Consumers (Secretaria Nacional do Consumidor, or SENACON). Companies may settle claims made by consumers via PROCONs by paying compensation for violations directly to consumers and through a mechanism that allows them to adjust their conduct,called a conduct adjustment agreement (Termo de Ajustamento de Conduta, or TAC). Brazilian Public Prosecutor Offices may also commence investigations related to consumer rights violations and this TAC mechanism is also available for them. Companies that violate TACs face potential automatic fines. Brazilian Public Prosecutor Offices may also filepublic civil actions against companies in violation of consumer rights, seeking strict observation to the consumer protection law provisions and compensation for the damages consumers may have suffered.
As of December 31, 2016, we had approximately 1,120 active proceedings with PROCONs and small claims courts relating to consumer rights. Most of these disputes are related to delays in the delivery of products, chargeback
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disputes, and product returns. To the extent consumers file such claims against us in the future, we may face reduced revenue due to refunds and fines for non-compliance that could negatively impact our results of operations.
Risks Related to this Offering and our Common Shares
There has been no prior market for our common shares and an active trading market for our common shares may not develop.
Prior to this offering, there has been no public market for our common shares. Although our common shares have been authorized for listing on the NYSE, we cannot assure you that an active public market will develop or be sustained after this offering or that investors will be able to sell the common shares should they desire to do so. We will negotiate with the representatives of the underwriters to determine the initial public offering price, and it may bear no relationship to the price at which the common shares will trade upon completion of this offering.
The price of our common shares may fluctuate substantially, and your investment may decline in value.
The initial public offering price for our common shares sold in this offering will be determined by negotiation between us and the representatives of the underwriters. This price may not reflect the market price of our common shares following this offering. Investors may not be able to sell their common shares at or above the initial public offering price.
Further, the trading price of our common shares is likely to be highly volatile and may be subject to wide fluctuations in response to factors, many of which are beyond our control, including those described above under “—Risks Related to our Business and Industry” and “—Risks Related to Doing Business in Brazil and the rest of Latin America.” The stock markets in general, and the NYSE and the market for Internet-related and technology companies in particular, have experienced extreme price and volume fluctuations that have often been unrelated or disproportionate to the operating performance of the companies involved. We cannot assure you that trading prices and valuations will be sustained. These broad market and industry factors may materially adversely affect the market price of our common shares, regardless of our operating performance. Market fluctuations, as well as general political and economic conditions in the markets in which we operate, such as recession or currency exchange rate fluctuations, may also adversely affect the market price of our common shares. Following periods of volatility in the market price of a company’s securities, that company may often be subject to securities class-action litigation. This kind of litigation may result in substantial costs and a diversion of management’s attention and resources, which would have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations and financial condition.
Our largest shareholders and their affiliates will, in the aggregate, own approximately 73.0% of our outstanding common shares and, to the extent they act together, will control all matters requiring shareholder approval. This concentration of ownership limits your ability to influence corporate matters.
Our largest shareholders and their affiliates are parties of a shareholders’ agreement and own approximately 99.5% of our common shares, and will own approximately 73.0% of our shares after the closing of this offering (assuming no exercise of the over-allotment option by the underwriters). See “Principal Shareholders.” Despite the termination of our shareholders’ agreement upon completion of this offering, these entities, to the extent they act together, will control a substantial majority of our voting power and will have the ability to control matters affecting, or submitted to a vote of, our shareholders. As a result, these shareholders may be able to elect all or a substantial majority of the members of our board of directors and set our management policies and exercise overall control over us. See “Management” and “Principal Shareholders” for more information.
The interests of these shareholders may conflict with, or differ from, the interests of other holders of our common shares. For example, these shareholders may cause us to make acquisitions that increase the amount of our indebtedness or outstanding common shares, sell revenue-generating assets or inhibit change of control
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transactions that benefit other shareholders. They may also pursue acquisition opportunities for themselves that may be complementary to our business, and as a result, those acquisition opportunities may not be available to us. So long as these shareholders continue to own a substantial number of our common shares, they will significantly influence all our corporate decisions and together with other shareholders they may be able to effect or inhibit changes in the control of our company.
Our Articles of Association contain anti-takeover provisions that may discourage a third party from acquiring us and adversely affect the rights of holders of our common shares.
Our Articles of Association contain certain provisions that could limit the ability of others to acquire our control, including a provision that grants authority to our board of directors to establish and issue from time to time one or more series of preferred shares without action by our shareholders and to determine, with respect to any series of preferred shares, the terms and rights of that series. These provisions could have the effect of depriving our shareholders of the opportunity to sell their shares at a premium over the prevailing market price by discouraging third parties from seeking to obtain our control in a tender offer or similar transactions.
If securities or industry analysts do not publish research or reports about our business, or publish unfavorable research or reports, our share price and trading volume may decline.
The trading market for our common shares will depend in part on the research and reports that securities or industry analysts publish about us, our business, our market or our competitors. We do not currently have and may never obtain research coverage by securities and industry analysts. If no securities or industry analysts commence covering us, the trading price for our common shares may be negatively impacted. In the event we obtain securities or industry analyst coverage, if one or more of the analysts who covers us downgrades us or releases negative publicity about our common shares, our share price would likely decline. Further, as we are not required to publish quarterly financial information, if we cease to publish that information, any analysts covering us may not have enough information to compare us to our peers on a regular basis and may choose to cease coverage. If one or more of these analysts ceases to cover us or fails to regularly publish reports on us, interest in our common shares may decrease, which may cause our share price or trading volume to decline.
It is unlikely that we will declare any dividends on our common shares and therefore, you must rely on price appreciation of our common shares for a return on your investment.
We do not anticipate paying any dividends in the foreseeable future. Instead, we intend to retain earnings, if any, for future operations and expansion. Any decision to declare and pay dividends in the future will be made at the discretion of our general meeting of shareholders, acting pursuant to a proposal by our board of directors, and will depend on, among other things, our results of operations, cash requirements, financial condition, contractual restrictions and other factors that our general meeting of shareholders or board of directors may deem relevant. Accordingly, investors will most likely have to rely on sales of their common shares, which may increase or decrease in value, as the only way to realize cash from their investment. There is no guarantee that the price of our common shares will ever exceed the price that you pay.
Common shares eligible for future sale may cause the market price of our common shares to drop significantly, even if our business is doing well.
The market price of our common shares may decline as a result of sales of a large number of our common shares in the market after this offering or the perception that these sales may occur. These sales, or the possibility that these sales may occur, also might make it more difficult for us to sell equity securities in the future at a time and at a price that we deem appropriate.
After the closing of this offering, we will have 30,925,044 common shares outstanding. Subject to the lock-up agreements described below, the 8,250,000 common shares sold in this offering (9,487,500 shares if the
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underwriters exercise their over-allotment option in full) will be freely tradable without restriction or further registration under the Securities Act by persons other than our affiliates within the meaning of Rule 144 of the Securities Act.
Our shareholders or entities controlled by them or their permitted transferees will, subject to the lock-up agreements described below, be able to sell their shares in the public market from time to time without registering them, subject to certain limitations on the timing, amount and method of those sales imposed by regulations promulgated by the SEC. If any of our shareholders, the affiliated entities controlled by them or their respective permitted transferees were to sell a large number of their shares, the market price of our common shares may decline significantly. In addition, the perception in the public markets that sales by them might occur may also adversely affect the market price of our common shares.
We, our officers, directors and holders of substantially all of our common shares have agreed to lock-up agreements that restrict us and these shareholders, subject to specified exceptions, from selling or otherwise disposing of any shares (including our common shares issuable upon conversion of our outstanding convertible notes) for a period of at least 180 days after the date of this prospectus without the prior consent of the representatives for the underwriters. Although there is no present intention to do so, the underwriters may, in their sole discretion and without notice, release all or any portion of the shares from the restrictions in any of the lock-up agreements described above. In addition, these lock-up agreements are subject to the exceptions described in “Underwriting.”
From time to time we may grant share based compensation to our management and employees, which may cause their interests to become excessively tied to the trading price of our common shares.
From time to time, we may grant share options to our management and employees. We have created a share option plan, which is in the process of being fully vested and exercised. We may introduce new share option plans for our senior management and employees in order to increase their efficiency, align their interests with the interests of our shareholders and retain executives who commit to long-term earnings and short-term performance.
If our shareholders or board of directors approve the issuance of new share option plans (or the issuance of additional share options under the existing share option plan), you may be diluted in the event that the exercise price under such share option plan is lower than the trading price of our common shares. In addition, new share option plans may cause the interests of our management to become excessively tied to the trading price of our common shares, which may have an adverse impact on our business and financial condition. For more information about our share based compensation, see “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations—Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates—Share-based Payments” and “Management—Compensation of Directors and Officers—2012 Share Plan.”
We are a Cayman Islands exempted company with limited liability. The rights of our shareholders may be different from the rights of shareholders governed by the laws of U.S. jurisdictions.
We are a Cayman Islands exempted company with limited liability. Our corporate affairs are governed by our amended and restated memorandum and articles of association and by the laws of the Cayman Islands. The rights of shareholders and the responsibilities of members of our board of directors may be different from the rights of shareholders and responsibilities of directors in companies governed by the laws of U.S. jurisdictions. In the performance of its duties, the board of directors of a solvent Cayman Islands exempted company is required to consider the company’s interests, and the interests of its shareholders as a whole, which may differ from the interests of one or more of its individual shareholders. See “Description of Share Capital—Corporate Governance.”
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As a foreign private issuer and an “emerging growth company” (as defined in the JOBS Act), we will have different disclosure and other requirements than U.S. domestic registrants and non-emerging growth companies.
As a foreign private issuer and emerging growth company, we may be subject to different disclosure and other requirements than domestic U.S. registrants and non-emerging growth companies. For example, as a foreign private issuer, in the United States, we are not subject to the same disclosure requirements as a domestic U.S. registrant under the Exchange Act, including the requirements to prepare and issue quarterly reports on Form 10-Q or to file current reports on Form 8-K upon the occurrence of specified significant events, the proxy rules applicable to domestic U.S. registrants under Section 14 of the Exchange Act or the insider reporting and short-swing profit rules applicable to domestic U.S. registrants under Section 16 of the Exchange Act. In addition, we intend to rely on exemptions from certain U.S. rules which will permit us to follow Cayman Islands legal requirements rather than certain of the requirements that are applicable to U.S. domestic registrants.
We will follow Cayman Islands laws and regulations that are applicable to Cayman Islands companies. However, Cayman Islands laws and regulations applicable to Cayman Islands companies do not contain any provisions comparable to the U.S. proxy rules, the U.S. rules relating to the filing of reports on Form 10-Q or 8-K or the U.S. rules relating to liability for insiders who profit from trades made in a short period of time, as referred to above.
Furthermore, foreign private issuers are required to file their annual report on Form 20-F within 120 days after the end of each fiscal year, while U.S. domestic issuers that are accelerated filers are required to file their annual report on Form 10-K within 75 days after the end of each fiscal year. Foreign private issuers are also exempt from Regulation Fair Disclosure, aimed at preventing issuers from making selective disclosures of material information, although we will be subject to Cayman Islands laws and regulations having substantially the same effect as Regulation Fair Disclosure. As a result of the above, even though we are required to file reports on Form 6-K disclosing the limited information which we have made or are required to make public pursuant to Cayman Islands law, or are required to distribute to shareholders generally, and that is material to us, you may not receive information of the same type or amount that is required to be disclosed to shareholders of a U.S. company.
The JOBS Act contains provisions that, among other things, relax certain reporting requirements for emerging growth companies. Under this act, as an emerging growth company, we will not be subject to the same disclosure and financial reporting requirements as non-emerging growth companies. For example, as an emerging growth company we are permitted to, and intend to take advantage of certain exemptions from various reporting requirements that are applicable to other public companies that are not emerging growth companies. Also, we will not have to comply with future audit rules promulgated by the PCAOB (unless the SEC determines otherwise) and our auditors will not need to attest to our internal controls under Section 404(b) of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act. We may follow these reporting exemptions until we are no longer an emerging growth company. As a result, our shareholders may not have access to certain information that they deem important. We will remain an emerging growth company until the earlier of (1) the last day of the fiscal year (a) following the fifth anniversary of the completion of this offering, (b) in which we have total annual revenues of at least US$1.0 billion, or (c) in which we are deemed to be a large accelerated filer, which means the market value of our common shares that is held by non-affiliates exceeds US$700.0 million as of the prior June 30th, and (2) the date on which we have issued more than US$1.0 billion in non-convertible debt during the prior three-year period. Accordingly, the information about us available to you will not be the same as, and may be more limited than, the information available to shareholders of a non-emerging growth company.
We cannot predict if investors will find our common shares less attractive because we will rely on these exemptions. If some investors find our common shares less attractive as a result, there may be a less active trading market for our common shares and our share price may be more volatile.
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We will be a foreign private issuer and, as a result, in accordance with the listing requirements of the NYSE we will rely on certain home country governance practices from the Cayman Islands, rather than the corporate governance requirements of the NYSE.
Upon the closing of this offering, we will report under the Exchange Act as a non-U.S. company with foreign private issuer status. The NYSE rules provide that foreign private issuers are permitted to follow home country practice in lieu of certain NYSE corporate governance standards. The standards applicable to us are considerably different than the standards applied to U.S. domestic issuers. For instance, we are not required to:
• | have a majority of the board be independent (other than as may result from the requirements for the audit committee member independence under the Exchange Act); |
• | have a minimum of three members in our audit committee; |
• | have a compensation committee or a nominating and corporate governance committee; |
• | have regularly scheduled executive sessions with only independent directors; or |
• | adopt and disclose a code of business conduct and ethics for directors, officers and employees. |
As a foreign private issuer, we may follow home country practice from the Cayman Islands in lieu of the above requirements. Therefore, our board of director’s approach to governance may be different from that of a board of directors consisting of a majority of independent directors, and, as a result, our management oversight may be more limited than if we were subject to all of the NYSE corporate governance standards. Accordingly, you may not have the same protections afforded to shareholders of companies that are not foreign private issuers.
Our shareholders may face difficulties in protecting their interests because we are a Cayman Islands exempted company.
Our corporate affairs are governed by our amended and restated memorandum and articles of association, by the Companies Law (as amended) of the Cayman Islands and the common law of the Cayman Islands. The rights of our shareholders and the fiduciary responsibilities of our directors under the laws of the Cayman Islands are not as clearly defined as under statutes or judicial precedent in existence in jurisdictions in the United States. Therefore, you may have more difficulty protecting your interests than would shareholders of a corporation incorporated in a jurisdiction in the United States, due to the comparatively less formal nature of Cayman Islands law in this area.
While Cayman Islands law allows a dissenting shareholder to express the shareholder’s view that a court sanctioned reorganization of a Cayman Islands company would not provide fair value for the shareholder’s shares, Cayman Islands statutory law does not specifically provide for shareholder appraisal rights in connection with a merger or consolidation of a company. This may make it more difficult for you to assess the value of any consideration you may receive in a merger or consolidation or to require that the acquirer gives you additional consideration if you believe the consideration offered is insufficient. However, Cayman Islands statutory law provides a mechanism for a dissenting shareholder in a merger or consolidation to apply to the Grand Court for a determination of the fair value of the dissenter’s shares if it is not possible for the company and the dissenter to agree on a fair price within the time limits prescribed.
Shareholders of Cayman Islands exempted companies (such as us) have no general rights under Cayman Islands law to inspect corporate records and accounts or to obtain copies of lists of shareholders. Our directors have discretion under our amended and restated memorandum and articles of association to determine whether or not, and under what conditions, our corporate records may be inspected by our shareholders, but are not obliged to make them available to our shareholders. This may make it more difficult for you to obtain information needed to establish any facts necessary for a shareholder motion or to solicit proxies from other shareholders in connection with a proxy contest.
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Subject to limited exceptions, under Cayman Islands’ law, a minority shareholder may not bring a derivative action against the board of directors. Class actions are not recognized in the Cayman Islands, but groups of shareholders with identical interests may bring representative proceedings, which are similar.
United States civil liabilities and certain judgments obtained against us by our shareholders may not be enforceable.
We are a Cayman Islands exempted company and substantially all of our assets are located outside of the United States. In addition, the majority of our directors and officers are nationals and residents of countries other than the United States. A substantial portion of the assets of these persons is located outside of the United States. As a result, it may be difficult to effect service of process within the United States upon these persons. It may also be difficult to enforce in U.S. courts judgments obtained in U.S. courts based on the civil liability provisions of the U.S. federal securities laws against us and our officers and directors who are not resident in the United States and the substantial majority of whose assets are located outside of the United States.
Further, it is unclear if original actions predicated on civil liabilities based solely upon U.S. federal securities laws are enforceable in courts outside the United States, including in the Cayman Islands and Brazil. Courts of the Cayman Islands may not, in an original action in the Cayman Islands, recognize or enforce judgments of U.S. courts predicated upon the civil liability provisions of the securities laws of the United States or any state of the United States on the grounds that such provisions are penal in nature. Although there is no statutory enforcement in the Cayman Islands of judgments obtained in the United States, courts of the Cayman Islands will recognize and enforce a foreign judgment of a court of competent jurisdiction if such judgment is final, for a liquidated sum, provided it is not in respect of taxes or a fine or penalty, is not inconsistent with a Cayman Islands’ judgment in respect of the same matters, and was not obtained in a manner which is contrary to the public policy of the Cayman Islands. In addition, a Cayman Islands court may stay proceedings if concurrent proceedings are being brought elsewhere.
As a new investor, you will experience substantial and immediate dilution in the net tangible book value per share of your common shares.
The initial public offering price of our common shares is substantially higher than the net tangible book value per share of our outstanding common shares. Investors purchasing common shares in this offering will incur an immediate dilution of US$13.08 in pro forma net tangible book value per common share (based on the midpoint of the estimated offering price range per common share set forth on the cover page of this prospectus and after giving effect to the share split and the automatic conversion of the convertible notes into our common shares). This means that investors in this offering will pay a price per common share that substantially exceeds the value of our tangible assets after subtracting liabilities. See “Dilution” for more information.
Judgments of Brazilian courts to enforce our obligations with respect to our common shares may be payable only in reais.
Most of our assets are located in Brazil. If proceedings are brought in the courts of Brazil seeking to enforce our obligations in respect of our common shares, we may not be required to discharge our obligations in a currency other than thereal. Under Brazilian exchange control laws, an obligation in Brazil to pay amountsdenominated in a currency other than thereal may only be satisfied in Brazilian currency at the exchange rate, as determined by the Central Bank, in effect on the date the judgment is obtained, and such amounts are then adjusted to reflect exchange rate variations through the effective payment date. The then-prevailing exchange rate may not afford non-Brazilian investors with full compensation for any claim arising out of or related to our obligations under the common shares.
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The statements contained in this prospectus regarding our business, plans, possible or assumed future results of operations, business strategies, financing plans, competitive position, industry environment, potential growth opportunities, the effects of future regulation and the effects of competition, as well as statements relating to certain other information, particularly under the sections entitled “Prospectus Summary,” “Risk Factors,” “Dividend Policy,” “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” and “Business” include forward-looking statements and projections that involve risks and uncertainties and, therefore, do not constitute guarantees of future results. Words such as “anticipate,” “believe,” “expect,” “intend,” “plan,” “aim,” “seek,” “estimate,” “target,” “project,” “should,” “may,” “might,” “could,” “can,” “would,” “likely,” “will” and similar words and expressions are intended to identify forward-looking statements and estimates.
Readers are cautioned not to place undue reliance on these forward-looking statements, which speak only as of the date on which they are made. There is no assurance that the expected events, trends or results will actually occur and we and the underwriters undertake no obligation to update publicly or revise any forward-looking statements and estimates whether as a result of new information, future events or otherwise.
Such forward-looking statements reflect, among other things, our current expectations, plans, forecasts, projections and strategies about future events and financial trends that affect, or may affect, our business, industry, market share, reputation, financial condition, results of operations, margins, cash flow and/or the market price of our common shares, all of which are subject to known and unknown risks and uncertainties. Our forward-looking statements are not guarantees of future performance and are subject to assumptions that may prove incorrect and to risks and uncertainties that are difficult to predict. Our actual results could differ materially from those expressed or forecast in any forward-looking statements as a result of a variety of assumptions and factors. These factors include, but are not limited to, the following:
• | our ability to continuously record profits and positive operating cash flows; |
• | the growth of eCommerce; |
• | the inherent risks related to eCommerce, such as the interruption or failure of our computer or information technology systems; |
• | reliance on one third-party data hosting service providers; |
• | the efficient operation of our distribution centers; |
• | our dependence on key suppliers and third-party couriers; |
• | logistics and transportation challenges; |
• | our ability to appropriately manage our working capital needs; |
• | the inherent risks of the lines of business into which we are expanding; |
• | our ability to innovate and respond to technological advances and changing customer demands and shopping patterns; |
• | current competition and the emergence of new market participants in our industry; |
• | the maintenance of tax incentives; |
• | our ability to attract and retain qualified personnel; |
• | failure to enhance our brand recognition or maintain a positive public image; |
• | failure to protect our intellectual property rights; |
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• | the occurrence of natural disasters that could have a material adverse effect on our business; |
• | impacts of future legislation changes on our business; |
• | the macroeconomic, political and business environment in the countries where we operate and their impact on our business, notably with respect to inflation, exchange rates, interest rates; |
• | our ability to maintain our classification as an emerging growth company under the JOBS Act; and |
• | the other factors discussed under section “Risk factors” in this prospectus. |
We caution you that the foregoing list of significant factors may not contain all of the material factors that are important to you. In addition, in light of these risks and uncertainties, the matters referred to in the forward-looking statements contained in this prospectus may not in fact occur. Many of these risks are beyond our ability to control or predict. All forward-looking statements attributable to us or persons acting on our behalf are expressly qualified in their entirety by the cautionary statements contained throughout this prospectus.
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Since our inception, we have not declared or paid any dividends on our common shares, and we have no present plan to pay any dividends on our common shares in the foreseeable future. We intend to retain most, if not all, of our available funds and any future earnings to operate and expand our business. See “Risk Factors—Risks Related to this Offering and our Common Shares—It is unlikely that we will declare any dividends on our common shares.”
We may make any future determination to pay dividends based on an ordinary shareholder resolution, but no dividend may exceed the amount recommended by our board of directors. Even if our board of directors recommends a dividend payment, the form, frequency and amount will depend on a number of factors, including our future operations and earnings, our capital requirements and surplus, our general financial condition, impositions of restrictions on conversions and remittances of funds abroad in the jurisdictions where we operate, contractual restrictions and other factors that the board of directors may deem relevant. Cash dividends on our common shares, if any, will be paid in U.S. dollars.
We are a holding company incorporated in the Cayman Islands. We rely on dividends and distributions from our subsidiaries in Brazil and elsewhere for our cash requirements, including funds to pay our operating expenses, service any debt we may incur and pay dividends and other cash distributions to our shareholders. Our holding company structure makes us dependent on the operations of our subsidiaries and therefore, any determination to pay dividends in the future will depend on our ability to receive distributions from them, particularly our main Brazilian subsidiary, NS2. See “Risk Factors—Risks Related to this Offering and our Common Shares—Our holding company structure makes us dependent on the operations of our subsidiaries.”
Certain Cayman Islands Legal Requirements Related to Dividends
Under the Companies Law and our Articles of Association, a Cayman Islands company may pay a dividend out of either its profit or share premium account, but a dividend may not be paid if this would result in the company being unable to pay its debts as they fall due in the ordinary course of business. According to our Articles of Association, dividends can be declared and paid out of funds lawfully available to us, which include the share premium account. Dividends, if any, would be paid in proportion to the number of common shares a shareholder holds. For further information, see “Certain Tax Considerations—Cayman Islands Tax Considerations.”
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We expect to receive net proceeds of approximately US$142.0 million from our sale of 8,250,000 common shares (or US$163.9 million if the underwriters exercise in full their over-allotment option) after deducting the underwriting discount and estimated offering expenses payable by us.
We believe that the offering will provide additional capital to support the development and growth of our business. The principal purposes of this offering are to increase our capitalization, provide us with greater financial flexibility, create a public market for our common shares and facilitate our future access to the capital markets. We currently intend to use our net proceeds from this offering to finance our working capital needs and capital expenditures, which may include, among others, investments in the development of software, acquisition of property and equipment for our distribution centers, although we have no present commitments or agreements to enter into any investments. Any remaining net proceeds will be used for other general corporate purposes. Pending determination of the use of our net proceeds, we may invest them in highly liquid time deposits and similar instruments. Our management will have broad discretion in allocating the net proceeds of this offering received by us to each use.
Each US$1.00 increase (decrease) in the public offering price per common share would increase (decrease) our net proceeds by approximately US$7.7 million, assuming the number of common shares offered by us as set forth on the cover page of this prospectus remains the same and after deducting estimated underwriting discounts and commissions and estimated offering expenses payable by us. Each increase (decrease) of 1.0 million in the number of common shares offered by us would increase (decrease) our net proceeds by approximately US$17.7 million, assuming an offering price of US$19.00 per common share, which is the midpoint of the estimated offering price range per common share set forth on the cover page of this prospectus, and after deducting estimated underwriting discounts and commissions and estimated offering expenses payable by us.
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The following table sets forth our cash and cash equivalents, long-term debt, shareholders’ equity and capitalization as of December 31, 2016, which are presented:
(1) on an actual basis;
(2) as adjusted to give effect to the issuance and automatic conversion of the convertible notes into 1,769,817 of our common shares upon the closing of this offering at an assumed initial public offering price of US$19.00 per common share, the midpoint of the estimated offering price range per common share set forth on the cover page of this prospectus; the convertible notes are convertible into our common shares with a 10% price discount relative to the initial public offering price of our common shares; and
(3) as further adjusted to give cumulative effect to both (a) the adjustment set forth in (2) above; and (b) the sale of 8,250,000 common shares by us in this offering at an assumed initial public offering price of US$19.00 per common share, the midpoint of the estimated offering price range per common share set forth on the cover page of this prospectus, assuming no exercise of the over-allotment option by the underwriters, and after deducting estimated underwriting discounts and commissions and estimated offering expenses payable by us.
Other than this offering and certain recent financial agreements disclosed under “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations—Indebtedness—Material Financing Agreements,” there has been no material change to our capitalization since December 31, 2016.
You should read this table together with the sections of this prospectus entitled “Selected Financial and Operating Data” and “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations,” and our audited consolidated financial statements included elsewhere in the prospectus.
As of December 31, 2016 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
(In thousands) | Actual R$ | Actual US$ | As Adjusted R$(1) | As Adjusted US$(1) | As Further Adjusted R$(1) | As Further Adjusted US$(1) | ||||||||||||||||||
Cash and cash equivalents | 111,304 | 34,152 | 209,077 | 64,152 | 672,009 | 206,195 | ||||||||||||||||||
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Total long-term debt(2) | 387,382 | 118,862 | 387,382 | 118,862 | 387,382 | 118,862 | ||||||||||||||||||
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Shareholders’ equity: | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Share capital | 141 | 43 | 153 | 47 | 208 | 64 | ||||||||||||||||||
Treasury shares | (1,533 | ) | (470 | ) | (1,533 | ) | (470 | ) | (1,533 | ) | (470 | ) | ||||||||||||
Additional paid-in capital | 821,988 | 252,213 | 919,749 | 282,209 | 1,382,626 | 424,235 | ||||||||||||||||||
Accumulated other comprehensive loss | (19,577 | ) | (6,007 | ) | (19,577 | ) | (6,007 | ) | (19,557 | ) | (6,007 | ) | ||||||||||||
Accumulated losses | (677,379 | ) | (207,842 | ) | (677,379 | ) | (207,842 | ) | (677,379 | ) | (207,842 | ) | ||||||||||||
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Equity attributable to the owners of Netshoes (Cayman) Limited | 123,640 | 37,937 | 221,413 | 67,937 | 684,345 | 209,980 | ||||||||||||||||||
Equity attributable to non-controlling interest | 385 | 118 | 385 | 118 | 385 | 118 | ||||||||||||||||||
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Total shareholders’ equity | 124,025 | 38,055 | 221,798 | 68,055 | 684,730 | 210,098 | ||||||||||||||||||
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Total capitalization(3) | 511,407 | 156,917 | 609,180 | 186,917 | 1,072,112 | 328,960 | ||||||||||||||||||
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(1) | Does not include unpaid accrued interest on the convertible notes. |
(2) | Includes current portion of long-term debt. |
(3) | Total capitalization consists of long-term debt and total shareholders’ equity. |
An increase or reduction of US$1.00 in the assumed initial public offering price of US$19.00 per common share, which is the midpoint of the price range per common share indicated on the cover page of this prospectus, would, after the completion of this offering, increase (decrease) (1) the value of our shareholders’ equity by
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US$7.7 million, and (2) our total capitalization by US$7.7 million, assuming that the number of common shares offered herein, as set forth on the cover page of this prospectus, remains the same and assuming no exercise of the over-allotment option, and after deducting estimated underwriting discounts and commissions and estimated offering expenses payable by us.
An increase (decrease) of 1.0 million shares in the number of shares sold in this offering by us would increase (decrease) (1) the value of our shareholders’ equity by US$17.7 million, and (2) our total capitalization by US$17.7 million, assuming an initial public offering price of US$19.00 per share, the midpoint of the price range per common share set forth on the cover page of this prospectus, and after deducting estimated underwriting discounts and commissions and the estimated offering expenses payable by us.
The table above is based on the number of common shares outstanding as of December 31, 2016 (after giving effect to the share split). The discussion and table above do not reflect:
• | 351,294 common shares available for the exercise of share options at a weighted average exercise price of US$16.79 per common share as of December 31, 2016, of which 233,922 were exercisable as of December 31, 2016 (after giving effect to the share split); |
• | 23,250 common shares available for the exercise of share options at a weighted average exercise price of US$8.10 per common share as of December 31, 2016, which shall become exercisable six months after completion of this offering (after giving effect to the share split); |
• | 127,500 common shares available for the exercise of share options granted after December 31, 2016, at a weighted average exercise price of US$8.10 per common share, 67,500 of which shall become exercisable six months after completion of this offering (after giving effect to the share split); and |
• | 28,305 common shares reserved for future grants under our Share Plan (after giving effect to the share split). |
For further information about our share option plan, see “Management—Compensation of Directors and Officers—2012 Share Plan.”
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Dilution is the amount by which the offering price paid by purchasers of the common shares to be sold in this offering exceeds the net tangible book value per common share after this offering. If you invest in our common shares in this offering, your ownership interest in us will be diluted to the extent of the difference between the public offering price per common share and the pro forma as adjusted net tangible book value per common share immediately after this offering.
Our net tangible book value as of December 31, 2016 was US$11.2 million, based on the offer exchange rate published by the Brazilian Central Bank on December 31, 2016 for conversion ofreais into U.S. dollars which was R$3.2591 per US$1.00, or US$1.60 per common share. Our pro forma net tangible book value as of December 31, 2016 would have been US$41.2 million, based on the same offer exchange rate, or US$1.82 per common share. Net tangible book value is determined by subtracting the total amount of our liabilities from the total amount of our tangible assets as of December 31, 2016. To arrive at net tangible book value per common share, we then divide this difference by the number of our common shares outstanding as of December 31, 2016 and to calculate pro forma net tangible book value per common share, we divide by the number of our common shares outstanding as of December 31, 2016 after giving effect to the share split and the issuance and automatic conversion of the convertible notes into our common shares upon the closing of this offering, at an assumed initial public offering price of US$19.00 per common share, the midpoint of the estimated offering price range per common share set forth on the cover page of this prospectus. The convertible notes are convertible into our common shares with a 10% price discount relative to the initial public offering price of our common shares.
After giving effect to this offering and after deducting estimated underwriting discounts and commissions and estimated offering expenses payable by us, our pro forma as adjusted net tangible book value as of December 31, 2016 would have been US$183.2 million, representing US$5.92 per common share, assuming no exercise of the underwriters’ over-allotment option. This represents an immediate increase in pro forma net tangible book value of US$4.11 per common share to our existing shareholders and a dilution in the pro forma net tangible book value of US$13.08 per common share to new shareholders participating in the offering. Dilution represents the difference between the offering price per common share paid by new shareholders and the pro forma as adjusted net tangible book value per common share, immediately after giving effect to the share split and the automatic conversion of the convertible notes into our common shares upon the closing of this offering.
Assuming the underwriters’ over-allotment option is exercised in full, our pro forma as adjusted net tangible book value as of December 31, 2016 would have been US$6.38 per common share. This represents an immediate increase in net tangible book value of US$4.56 or 351.1% per common share to our existing shareholders and an immediate dilution in net tangible book value of US$12.62 or 66.4% per common share to shareholders participating in this offering.
The following table illustrates this dilution to new investors on a per common share basis assuming either no exercise or full exercise by the underwriters of their over-allotment option:
No Exercise | Full Exercise | |||||||
Assumed initial public offering price per common share(1) | US$19.00 | US$19.00 | ||||||
Pro forma net tangible book value per common share as of December 31, 2016(2) | US$1.82 | US$1.82 | ||||||
Pro forma as adjusted net tangible book value per common share after completion of this offering | US$5.92 | US$6.38 | ||||||
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Increase in pro forma net tangible book value per common share attributable to existing shareholders | US$4.11 | US$4.56 | ||||||
Dilution in pro forma net tangible book value per common share to new shareholder(3) | US$(13.08 | ) | US$(12.62 | ) | ||||
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(1) | Corresponds to the midpoint of the price range set forth on the cover page of this prospectus. |
(2) | Using the offer exchange rate published by the Brazilian Central Bank on December 31, 2016 for conversion ofreais into U.S. dollars which was R$3.2591 per US$1.00. |
(3) | Dilution represents the difference between the offering price per common share paid by new shareholders and the pro forma net tangible book value per common share immediately after giving effect to this offering. |
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The offering price per common share is not based on the pro forma net tangible book value of our common shares, and will be established based on a book building process.
The following table summarizes, on the same pro forma as adjusted basis as of December 31, 2016 the number of common shares acquired from us, the total consideration paid to us and the average price per common share paid by existing shareholders and new shareholders purchasing common shares in this offering, based upon an assumed initial public offering price of US$19.00 per common share, which is the midpoint of the price range per common share set forth on the cover page of this prospectus. The number of shares outstanding in the table below is based on the number of shares outstanding as of December 31, 2016, after giving effect to the share split and the automatic conversion of the convertible notes into our common shares upon the closing of this offering.
Common Shares Purchased | Total Consideration | Average Price per Common Share | ||||||||||||||||||
Number | Percentage | Amount | Percentage | |||||||||||||||||
Existing shareholders(1) | 22,675,044 | 73.3% | US$417,542,840 | 72.7% | US$18.41 | |||||||||||||||
New shareholders | 8,250,000 | 26.7 | 156,750,000 | 27.3 | 19.00 | |||||||||||||||
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Total | 30,925,044 | 100% | US$574,292,840 | 100% | 18.57 | |||||||||||||||
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(1) | Includes holders of convertible notes whose notes will automatically convert into our common shares upon completion of this offering. |
If the underwriters’ over-allotment option is fully exercised, the total consideration paid by new shareholders and the average price per common share paid by new shareholders would be US$180.3 million and US$19.0 per common share, respectively, and the percentage of common shares purchased by new shareholders would be 29.5%.
An increase (decrease) of US$1.00 in the assumed initial public offering price of US$19.00 per common share, which is the midpoint of the price range per common share indicated on the cover page of this prospectus, would, after the conclusion of this offering, increase (decrease) (1) the value of our shareholders’ equity by US$7.7 million, and (2) the value of our pro forma as adjusted net tangible book value per common share to new investors by US$0.25, assuming that the number of common shares offered herein, as set forth on the cover page of this prospectus, remains the same and assuming no exercise of the over-allotment option, and after deducting estimated underwriting discounts and commissions and estimated offering expenses payable by us.
The discussion and tables above give effect to the share split and the automatic conversion of the convertible notes into our common shares upon the closing of this offering but do not reflect:
• | 351,294 common shares available for the exercise of share options at a weighted average exercise price of US$16.79 per common share as of December 31, 2016, of which 233,922 were exercisable as of December 31, 2016 (after giving effect to the share split); |
• | 23,250 common shares available for the exercise of share options at a weighted average exercise price of US$8.10 per common share as of December 31, 2016, which shall become exercisable six months after completion of this offering (after giving effect to the share split); |
• | 127,500 common shares available for the exercise of share options granted after December 31, 2016, at a weighted average exercise price of US$8.10 per common share, 67,500 of which shall become exercisable six months after completion of this offering (after giving effect to the share split); and |
• | 28,305 common shares reserved for future grants under our Share Plan (after giving effect to the share split). |
For further information about our share option plan, see “Management—Compensation of Directors and Officers—2012 Share Plan.”
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The Brazilian foreign exchange system allows the purchase and sale of foreign currency and the international transfer ofreais by any person or legal entity, regardless of the amount, subject to certain regulatory procedures.
Thereal depreciated against the U.S. dollar from mid-2011 to early 2016. In particular, during 2015, due to the poor economic conditions in Brazil, including as a result of political instability, thereal depreciated at a rate that was much higher than in previous years. On September 24, 2015, thereal fell to its lowest level since the introduction of the currency, at R$4.1945 per US$1.00. Overall in 2015, thereal depreciated 47.0%, reaching R$3.9048 per US$1.00 on December 31, 2015. In 2016, thereal has fluctuated significantly, primarily as a result of Brazil’s political instability, but has appreciated against the U.S. dollar since March 2016. Overall, the real appreciated 16.5%, reaching R$3.2591 per US$1.00 on December 31, 2016. On March 29, 2017, the exchange rate was R$3.1229 per US$1.00. There can be no assurance that thereal will not depreciate or appreciate further against the U.S. dollar. The Brazilian Central Bank has intervened occasionally in the foreign exchange market to attempt to control instability in foreign exchange rates. We cannot predict whether the Brazilian Central Bank or the Brazilian government will continue to allow thereal to float freely or will intervene in the exchange rate market by re-implementing a currency band system or otherwise. Thereal may depreciate or appreciate substantially against the U.S. dollar in the future. Furthermore, Brazilian law provides that, whenever there is a serious imbalance in Brazil’s balance of payments or there are serious reasons to foresee a serious imbalance, temporary restrictions may be imposed on remittances of foreign capital abroad. We cannot assure you that the Brazilian government will not place restrictions on remittances of foreign capital abroad in the future.
The following tables set forth the offer exchange rates, expressed inreais per U.S. dollar (R$/US$), for the periods indicated, as reported by the Brazilian Central Bank:
Year | Period-end | Average(1) | Low | High | ||||||||||||
2011 | 1.8758 | 1.6746 | 1.5345 | 1.9016 | ||||||||||||
2012 | 2.0435 | 1.9550 | 1.7024 | 2.1121 | ||||||||||||
2013 | 2.3426 | 2.1605 | 1.9528 | 2.4457 | ||||||||||||
2014 | 2.6562 | 2.3547 | 2.1974 | 2.7403 | ||||||||||||
2015 | 3.9048 | 3.3387 | 2.5754 | 4.1949 | ||||||||||||
2016 | 3.2591 | 3.4833 | 3.1193 | 4.1558 | ||||||||||||
Month | Period-end | Average(2) | Low | High | ||||||||||||
September 2016 | 3.2462 | 3.2564 | 3.1934 | 3.3326 | ||||||||||||
October 2016 | 3.1811 | 3.1858 | 3.1193 | 3.2359 | ||||||||||||
November 2016 | 3.3967 | 3.3420 | 3.2024 | 3.4446 | ||||||||||||
December 2016 | 3.2591 | 3.3523 | 3.2391 | 3.4650 | ||||||||||||
January 2017 | 3.1270 | 3.1966 | 3.1270 | 3.2729 | ||||||||||||
February 2017 | 3.0993 | 3.1042 | 3.0510 | 3.1479 | ||||||||||||
March (through March 29) | 3.1229 | 3.1262 | 3.0765 | 3.1735 |
Source:Brazilian Central Bank.
(1) | Represents the average of the exchange rates on the closing of each day during the year. |
(2) | Represents the average of the exchange rates on the closing of each day during the month. |
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SELECTED FINANCIAL AND OPERATING DATA
The following selected financial data, as of December 31, 2015 and 2016 and for the years ended December 31, 2014, 2015 and 2016 have been derived from our audited consolidated financial statements included elsewhere in this prospectus.
Our historical results are not necessarily indicative of results to be expected in future periods. The following selected financial and other data is qualified by reference to and should be read in conjunction with “Capitalization,” “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations,” and our audited consolidated financial statements included elsewhere in this prospectus.
Unless otherwise indicated, the convenience translations fromreais into U.S. dollars in this prospectus use the Brazilian Central Bank offer exchange rate published on December 31, 2016, which was R$3.2591 per US$1.00. No representation is made that the Brazilianreais amounts referred to could have been, or could be, converted into U.S. dollars at any particular rate.
Consolidated Statements of Profits or Loss
Years Ended December 31, | ||||||||||||||||
2014 | 2015 | 2016 | 2016 | |||||||||||||
(In thousands, except per share data) | R$ | R$ | R$ | US$ | ||||||||||||
Net sales | 1,125,795 | 1,505,686 | 1,739,540 | 533,749 | ||||||||||||
Cost of sales | (753,440 | ) | (1,010,501 | ) | (1,188,744 | ) | (364,746 | ) | ||||||||
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Gross profit | 372,355 | 495,185 | 550,796 | 169,003 | ||||||||||||
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Operating expenses: | ||||||||||||||||
Selling and marketing expenses | (322,643 | ) | (398,514 | ) | (443,692 | ) | (136,139 | ) | ||||||||
General and administrative expenses | (147,375 | ) | (157,228 | ) | (174,564 | ) | (53,562 | ) | ||||||||
Other operating expense, net | (4,724 | ) | (3,503 | ) | (5,252 | ) | (1,611 | ) | ||||||||
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Total operating expenses | (474,742 | ) | (559,245 | ) | (623,508 | ) | (191,312 | ) | ||||||||
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Operating loss | (102,387 | ) | (64,060 | ) | (72,712 | ) | (22,309 | ) | ||||||||
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Financial income | 32,598 | 61,294 | 28,366 | 8,704 | ||||||||||||
Financial expense | (74,447 | ) | (96,667 | ) | (107,550 | ) | (33,000 | ) | ||||||||
Loss before income tax | (144,236 | ) | (99,433 | ) | (151,896 | ) | (46,605 | ) | ||||||||
Income tax expense | (139 | ) | (80 | ) | — | — | ||||||||||
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Net loss | (144,375 | ) | (99,513 | ) | (151,896 | ) | (46,605 | ) | ||||||||
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Net loss attributable to: | ||||||||||||||||
Owners of Netshoes (Cayman) Limited | (143,966 | ) | (98,676 | ) | (151,074 | ) | (46,355 | ) | ||||||||
Non-controlling interests | (409 | ) | (837 | ) | (822 | ) | (250 | ) | ||||||||
Loss per common share attributable to owners of Netshoes (Cayman) Limited | (22.63 | ) | (13.97 | ) | (21.14 | ) | (6.49 | ) | ||||||||
Basic and diluted(1) | (22.63 | ) | (13.97 | ) | (21.14 | ) | (6.49 | ) | ||||||||
Pro forma loss per common share attributable to owners of Netshoes (Cayman) Limited (unaudited) | ||||||||||||||||
(6.90 | ) | (4.30 | ) | (6.51 | ) | (2.00 | ) | |||||||||
Pro forma basic and diluted(1)(2) | (6.90 | ) | (4.30 | ) | (6.51 | ) | (2.00 | ) |
(1) | When we report net loss attributable to the owners of Netshoes (Cayman) Limited, the diluted loss per common share is equal to the basic loss per common share due to the anti-dilutive effect of the outstanding share options. |
(2) | Pro forma basic and diluted loss per common share attributable to owners of Netshoes (Cayman) Limited is computed by dividing net loss attributable to owners of Netshoes (Cayman) Limited by the weighted average common shares outstanding after giving effect to the share split and the automatic conversion of the convertible notes into our common shares upon the closing of this offering. The computation of pro forma basic and diluted loss per common share is set forth below: |
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Years Ended December 31, | ||||||||||||||||
2014 | 2015 | 2016 | 2016 | |||||||||||||
(In thousands, except per share data) | R$ | R$ | R$ | US$ | ||||||||||||
Numerator: | ||||||||||||||||
Net loss attributable to Netshoes (Cayman) Limited | (143,966 | ) | (98,676 | ) | (151,074 | ) | (46,355 | ) | ||||||||
Denominator: | ||||||||||||||||
Weighted average common shares | 6,361,281 | 7,061,772 | 7,145,192 | 7,145,192 | ||||||||||||
Pro forma adjustment to reflect the share split and the automatic conversion of the convertible notes into our common shares | 20,853,665 | 22,955,138 | 23,205,398 | 23,205,398 | ||||||||||||
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Pro forma basic and diluted weighted average common shares | 20,853,665 | 22,955,138 | 23,205,398 | 23,205,398 | ||||||||||||
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Pro forma loss per common share attributable to owners of Netshoes (Cayman) Limited: | (6.90 | ) | (4.30 | ) | (6.51 | ) | (2.0 | ) | ||||||||
Basic and diluted | (6.90 | ) | (4.30 | ) | (6.51 | ) | (2.0 | ) | ||||||||
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Consolidated Statements of Financial Position
As of December 31, | ||||||||||||||||
2014 | 2015 | 2016 | 2016 | |||||||||||||
(In thousands) | R$ | R$ | R$ | US$ | ||||||||||||
Selected Statements of Financial Position Data | ||||||||||||||||
Cash and cash equivalents | 242,372 | 249,064 | 111,304 | 34,152 | ||||||||||||
Total current assets(1) | 743,408 | 938,358 | 824,711 | 253,050 | ||||||||||||
Total assets | 861,956 | 1,113,568 | 1,113,722 | 341,727 | ||||||||||||
Total current liabilities | 378,416 | 523,271 | 616,695 | 189,223 | ||||||||||||
Total long-term debt(2) | 335,410 | 333,993 | 387,382 | 118,862 | ||||||||||||
Share-based payment liability | 30,113 | 35,978 | 30,139 | 9,248 | ||||||||||||
Total liabilities | 616,949 | 824,566 | 989,697 | 303,672 | ||||||||||||
Total shareholders’ equity | 245,007 | 289,002 | 124,025 | 38,055 |
(1) | Inclusive of cash and cash equivalents. |
(2) | Includes current portion of long-term debt. See note 16 to our audited consolidated financial statements included elsewhere in this prospectus. |
Selected Operating Data
Years Ended December 31, | ||||||||||||
2014 | 2015 | 2016 | ||||||||||
Active customers (in thousands)(1) | 3,753 | 4,676 | 5,562 | |||||||||
Total orders (in thousands)(2) | 6,846 | 8,497 | 10,268 | |||||||||
% of total orders placed from mobile devices(3) | 11.6% | 20.2% | 32.2% | |||||||||
Average basket size(4) | R$210.8 | R$219.1 | R$206.6 |
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(1) | Customers who made purchases online with us during the preceding twelve months as of the relevant dates. |
(2) | Total number of orders invoiced to active customers during the relevant period. |
(3) | The sum of total orders placed by active customers through our mobile site and applications as a percentage |
of total orders placed by active customers for the relevant period. This operational metric is especially relevant as we expect sales made on mobile devices to become an increasingly important part of our business. |
(4) | The sum of total order value from online purchases with us divided by the number of total orders for the relevant period. |
Non-IFRS Financial Measures
We use non-IFRS financial measures for financial and operationaldecision-making purposes. To provide investors and others with additional information regarding our financial results and operating performance, we have disclosed in the tables below and within this prospectus our EBITDA, EBITDA Margin, EBITDA Brazil, EBITDA International and GMV which arenon-IFRS financial measures.
EBITDA and EBITDA Margin
We define: (1) “EBITDA” as net income (loss) plus net interest income/expense (which includes interest income, imputed interest on installment sales, interest expenses related to debt, imputed interest on credit purchases and debt issuance costs), income tax, and depreciation and amortization expenses; and (2) “EBITDA Margin” as EBITDA divided by net sales for the relevant period, expressed as a percentage. EBITDA and EBITDA Margin are not measures of financial performance in accordance with IFRS and should not be considered as a substitute for other measures of financial performance reported in accordance with IFRS. These measurements assist our management and may be useful to investors in comparing our operating performance consistently over time as they eliminate the impact of our capital structure (primarily interest charges), asset base (primarily depreciation and amortization) and items outside the control of our management (primarily taxes). These measurements have limitations as analytical tools, including:
• | EBITDA does not reflect changes in, or cash requirements for, our working capital needs or contractual commitments; |
• | EBITDA does not reflect our tax expense or the cash requirements to pay our taxes; |
• | Although depreciation and amortization are non-cash charges, the assets being depreciated or amortized will often need to be replaced in the future, and EBITDA does not reflect any cash requirements for these replacements; and |
• | Other companies may calculate EBITDA differently than we do, and therefore this presentation of EBITDA may not be comparable to other similarly titled measures used by other companies. |
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Because of these limitations, you should consider EBITDA and EBITDA Margin alongside other financial performance measures, like net income (loss) and our other IFRS results. The following table reflects the reconciliation of our net loss to EBITDA and EBITDA Margin for each of the periods indicated:
Years Ended December 31, | ||||||||||||||||
(In thousands) | 2014 | 2015 | 2016 | 2016 | ||||||||||||
Net loss | R$(144,375 | ) | R$(99,513 | ) | R$(151,896 | ) | US$(46,605 | ) | ||||||||
Add (subtract): | ||||||||||||||||
Interest income/expense, net(1) | 27,755 | 32,484 | 76,823 | 23,572 | ||||||||||||
Income tax expense | 139 | 80 | — | — | ||||||||||||
Depreciation and amortization | 16,523 | 20,415 | 31,202 | 9,574 | ||||||||||||
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EBITDA | R$(99,958 | ) | R$(46,534 | ) | R$(43,871 | ) | US$(13,459 | ) | ||||||||
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Net Sales | R$1,125,795 | R$1,505,686 | R$1,739,540 | US$533,749 | ||||||||||||
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EBITDA Margin | (8.9 | )% | (3.1 | )% | (2.5 | )% | — |
(1) | Includes interest income, imputed interest on installment sales, interest expenses related to debt, imputed interest on credit purchases and debt issuance costs. |
EBITDA Brazil and EBITDA International
We define: (1) “EBITDA Brazil” as net income (loss) of our Brazil business segment plus net interest income/expense (which includes interest income, imputed interest on installment sales, interest expenses related to debt, imputed interest on credit purchases and debt issuance costs), income tax, and depreciation and amortization expenses, in each case, related to this business segment and (2) “EBITDA International” as net income (loss) of our international business segment plus net interest income/expense (which includes interest income, imputed interest on installment sales, interest expenses related to debt, imputed interest on credit purchases and debt issuance costs), income tax, and depreciation and amortization expenses, in each case, related to this business segment. EBITDA Brazil and EBITDA International are not measures of financial performance in accordance with IFRS and should not be considered as a substitute for other measures of financial performance reported in accordance with IFRS. These measurements may be useful to investors in comparing the operating performance of our business segments consistently over time as they eliminate the impact of our capital structure (primarily interest charges), asset base (primarily depreciation and amortization) and items outside the control of our management (primarily taxes). These measurements have similar limitations as analytical tools as those applicable for EBITDA.
Because of these limitations, you should consider EBITDA Brazil and EBITDA International alongside other financial performance measures of our business segments, like net income (loss) and our other IFRS results. For further information, see note 3 to our audited consolidated financial statements included elsewhere in this prospectus The following tables reflect the reconciliation of the net loss of each of our business segments to their respective EBITDA for each of the periods indicated:
EBITDA Brazil
Years Ended December 31, | ||||||||||||||||
(In thousands) | 2014 | 2015 | 2016 | 2016 | ||||||||||||
Net loss (Brazil) | R$ | (95,521 | ) | R$ | (30,493 | ) | R$ | (88,237 | ) | US$ | (27,074 | ) | ||||
Add (subtract): | ||||||||||||||||
Interest income/expense, net(1) | 25,086 | 22,592 | 65,855 | 20,206 | ||||||||||||
Income tax expense | — | — | — | — | ||||||||||||
Depreciation and amortization | 15,405 | 18,470 | 27,777 | 8,523 | ||||||||||||
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EBITDA Brazil | R$ | (55,030 | ) | R$ | 10,569 | R$ | 5,395 | US$ | 1,655 | |||||||
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(1) | Includes interest income, imputed interest on installment sales, interest expenses related to debt, imputed interest on credit purchases and debt issuance costs related to our Brazil business segment. |
EBITDA International
Years Ended December 31, | ||||||||||||||||
(In thousands) | 2014 | 2015 | 2016 | 2016 | ||||||||||||
Net loss (International) | R$ | (40,062 | ) | R$ | (56,781 | ) | R$ | (53,329 | ) | US$ | (16,363 | ) | ||||
Add (subtract): | ||||||||||||||||
Interest income/expense, net(1) | 2,669 | 9,892 | 11,049 | 3,390 | ||||||||||||
Income tax expense | 139 | 80 | — | — | ||||||||||||
Depreciation and amortization | 1,118 | 1,520 | 1,262 | 387 | ||||||||||||
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EBITDA International | R$ | (36,136 | ) | R$ | (45,289 | ) | R$ | (41,018 | ) | US$ | (12,586 | ) | ||||
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(1) | Includes interest income, imputed interest on installment sales, interest expenses related to debt, imputed interest on credit purchases and debt issuance costs related to our International business segment. |
GMV
We define “GMV” as the sum of net sales, returns, GMV from marketplace and net sales taxes, less marketplace and NCard activation commission fees. GMV is a metric useful to investors as it provides an indication of the total volume of product sales (in terms of gross merchandise value) transacted in online and offline purchases with us as well as the growth trend of our marketplace, which we believe will become increasingly important to our business. GMV is not a measure of financial performance in accordance with IFRS and should not be considered as a substitute for other measures of financial performance reported in accordance with IFRS. Because of these limitations, you should consider GMV alongside other financial performance measures, like net sales and our other IFRS results. The following table reflects the reconciliation of our net sales to GMV for each of the periods indicated:
Years Ended December 31, | ||||||||||||||||
2014 | 2015 | 2016 | 2016 | |||||||||||||
(In thousands) | ||||||||||||||||
Net sales(1) | R$ | 1,125,795 | R$ | 1,505,686 | R$ | 1,739,540 | US$ | 533,749 | ||||||||
Add (subtract): | ||||||||||||||||
Net sales taxes(2) | 243,875 | 262,227 | 291,646 | 89,487 | ||||||||||||
Returns(3) | 73,536 | 99,102 | 142,464 | 43,713 | ||||||||||||
Marketplace commission fees(4) | — | — | (9,086 | ) | (2,788 | ) | ||||||||||
NCard activation commission fees(5) | — | — | (354 | ) | (109 | ) | ||||||||||
Sub-Total: | R$ | 1,443,207 | R$ | 1,867,015 | R$ | 2,164,210 | US$ | 664,052 | ||||||||
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GMV from marketplace(6) | — | — | 38,288 | 11,748 | ||||||||||||
GMV | R$ | 1,443,207 | R$ | 1,867,015 | R$ | 2,202,498 | US$ | 675,800 | ||||||||
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(1) | Net sales includes revenue from product sales and other revenues, net of promotional discounts, returns and net sales taxes. See “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations—Components of our Results of Operations.” |
(2) | Value added taxes added in our product sales, net of value added taxes incentives granted to us and recorded in our net sales. For further discussion regarding the tax incentives applicable to us, see notes 5 and 7 to our audited consolidated financial statements included elsewhere in this prospectus. |
(3) | Represents revenue from product sales that are returned by our customers. |
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(4) | Represents the commission revenue arising from product sales of qualified third-party B2C vendors through our marketplace, launched in February 2016, that we record as net sales on a net basis. For further information, see “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations—Components of our Results of Operations.” |
(5) | Represents the commission revenue generated by customers’ activation of NCards, an initiative launched in April 2016. For further information, see “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations—Components of our Results of Operations.” |
(6) | Means the gross merchandise value of product sales through our online marketplace, launched in February 2016. |
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MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
You should read the following discussion and analysis of the financial condition and results of our operations in conjunction with our “Selected financial and other data” and our audited consolidated financial statements included elsewhere in this prospectus. This discussion contains forward-looking statements reflecting our current expectations that involve risks and uncertainties. Actual results and the timing of events may differ materially from those contained in these forward-looking statements due to a number of factors, including those discussed in the section entitled “Risk factors” and elsewhere in this prospectus.
Our reporting currency is the Brazilian real, and solely for the convenience of the reader, this prospectus contains translations of amounts listed in Brazilian reais into U.S. dollars using offer exchange rates published by the Brazilian Central Bank (Banco Central do Brasil). Unless otherwise indicated, the convenience translations from reais into U.S. dollars in this prospectus use the Brazilian Central Bank offer exchange rate published on December 31, 2016, which was R$3.2591 per US$1.00. No representation is made that the Brazilian reais amounts referred to herein could have been, or could be, converted into U.S. dollars at any particular rate.
Overview
Our mission is to be the leading online consumer platform in Latin America. We are the leading sports and lifestyle online retailer in Latin America and one of the largest online retailers in the region, as measured by net sales. We operate in Brazil, Argentina, and Mexico and, since our launch, we have sold to more than 12.8 million customers across our sites (representing a 22.0% year-over-year growth from 2015), solidifying our position as one of the few scaled online retailers in Latin America and creating a foundation of audience, brand and capabilities on top of which we are building a digital ecosystem capable of delivering increasing and significant value to customers and partners in the future. Through our sites, we deliver our customers a convenient and intuitive online shopping experience across our two core brands, Netshoes and Zattini. We believe that Netshoes has become one of the most recognized brands by consumers, in Brazil and Argentina, among both online and offline sports retailers. We believe that Zattini, a site we launched in December 2014, is quickly becoming a leading online brand for fashion and beauty in Brazil in terms of consumer recognition.
Since we were founded in 2000, we have built on our initial success, expanding across geographies and brands. We have also selectively introduced new product categories, maintaining our core strategy of focusing on lifestyle verticals, which we believe are particularly well-suited for distribution online due to the following factors: (1) the vast inventory selection, benefitting customers by providing them with access to varied products in one place; (2) the lightweight nature of most of the products we offer, which makes them easy to ship and drives fast delivery speeds at significant volumes; (3) the high gross margin of these retail categories; and (4) the need for consistent replacement (compared to, for example, household appliances and electronics), which drives repeat purchasing. Our focus on these verticals has resulted in over 30.0% gross margins (defined as gross profit divided by net sales), including the cost of shipping, for the last three years, which provides substantial operating leverage as we continue to invest in additional parts of our business.
We focus on delivering a superior customer experience and providing service across all areas of the countries in which we operate, including remote locations not typically served by traditional retailers. As one of the first companies in the region to provide online retail offerings, we have emphasized the importance of customer service. We have also developed technology that personalizes the shopping experience for our customers, and our sites have advanced features including enhanced search capabilities, easy navigation, and product recommendations. This core customer focus has driven customer loyalty, as demonstrated by repeat purchasing. In the year ended December 31, 2016, 74.5% of our total orders came from repeat customers.
We benefit from our early mover advantage in Latin American eCommerce, which has allowed us to capture what we believe is a significant market share and achieve a leadership position in a large addressable market. As
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our market continues to expand, we believe that we are and will continue to be well-positioned as a leading established player to benefit from these macro-economic trends.
Our sites are also optimized for mobile shopping, and to facilitate our customers’ access to our sites, we were the first Latin American eCommerce company to partner with local telecommunication service providers to offer customers with free access to the Internet from their mobile devices for such purposes. Despite Latin America’s relatively low mobile penetration rate, in the year ended December 31, 2016, approximately 46.0% of total visits to our sites and 32.2% of the total orders placed by our active customers came from mobile devices.
We are a trusted partner for the most important brands in sports and lifestyle retail. We offer over 190,000 SKUs from over 500 brands, including Nike, Adidas, Mizuno, Tommy Hilfiger, Ralph Lauren and Lacoste, working closely with our suppliers to promote and protect their brands and help manage product selection. We believe we are one of the largest distribution channels for these brands in Brazil and Latin America. We have also begun to develop our private label brands which supplement our existing supplier relationships in key categories.
Our success in the region has been dependent on our consistent ability to build a solid infrastructure network to support our operations. We have created scalable and customized logistics capabilities. Our highly automated picking, packing and inventory management systems are built to efficiently handle the products in which we specialize—easy-to-ship items with high margins and short replacement cycles. Today, we have three automated distribution centers in Brazil, one in Argentina and one in Mexico. We are able to ship over one million orders a month, and on average, process the orders we receive within six hours after confirmation, achieving an on-time delivery rate of approximately 97.0% of total processed orders.
For the years ended December 31, 2015 and 2016, we reported:
• | R$1,505.7 million and R$1,739.5 million in net sales, representing growth of 33.7% and 15.5% from 2014 and 2015, respectively; |
• | R$99.5 million and R$151.9 million in net loss, respectively, from R$144.4 million in net loss in 2014; and |
• | R$46.5 million and R$43.9 million in negative EBITDA, respectively, from R$100.0 million in negative EBITDA in 2014. |
For the year ended December 31, 2016, we derived 89.4% of our net sales from our operations in Brazil and 10.6% from our international operations.
As we have done in the past, we plan to both grow our core business and expand our operations into attractive new geographies and brands while maintaining our relentless focus on delivering a superior consumer experience. As we continue to scale, we are focused on growing in an efficient way that we expect will result in increased profitability for our business, including by launching new initiatives that are specifically focused on delivering increased revenue at higher margins.
Key Trends and Factors Affecting Our Business
We believe that our results of operations and financial performance will be driven by the following trends and factors:
• | Continuous Engagement of our Customers: We benefit from our early mover advantage in Latin American eCommerce, which has allowed us to capture what we believe is a significant market share and a leadership position in a large addressable market, but there is still significant room to further expand the customer base for our sites and increase customer loyalty and repeat purchasing. Since our launch, we have used several marketing channels to promote our sites, including television, sponsorship of sport clubs, internet search engines, social media and promotional emails, which has resulted in a substantial increase in the engagement of our customers with our brands. |
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• | Launch of New Products and Services: Our continuous ability to monetize our user traffic remains critical to our envisioned plans for growth. Our net sales have increased from R$252.9 million in 2010 to R$1,739.5 million in 2016 (a CAGR of approximately 38.0%), and in the same period our GMV grew at a CAGR of approximately 35.0%. We have launched new initiatives that are specifically focused on delivering increased revenue at higher margins, and we expect that the success of these initiatives will play a key role in our long-term growth strategy. In December 2014, we launched Zattini, an online retail store for fashion and beauty products. We have also offered private label apparel to our customers across our Netshoes platform since November 2014 and through our Zattini platform since its launch, and for the year ended December 31, 2016, the sales of those products accounted for 6.0% of the net sales of our online net sales in Brazil and 5.4% of our net sales on a consolidated basis. For the year ended December 31, 2016, Zattini accounted for 11.5% of the net sales of our online operations in Brazil and 10.2% of our net sales on a consolidated basis. We have developed other initiatives that tie our customers more closely to our sites, such as extended payment terms to our customers through our co-branded credit card with Banco Itaú S.A., which we refer to as “NCard,” launched in April 2016. Our expansion efforts also led us to launch our online marketplace platform in February 2016. We expect that marketplace and these new initiatives will play a role in our strategy to attract new customers to our sites and increase spending per active customer. |
• | Growth of eCommerce: Our sales depend substantially on consumers’ widespread acceptance and use of the Internet as a way to conduct commerce. Consumers who have historically used physical channels of commerce to purchase sporting, fashion and beauty goods have started to transition to eCommerce, and we expect they will continue to do so. With only a 1.6% share of the total retail market in 2015, online retail penetration in Latin America offers significant potential relative to developed economies such as the United States, which has 7.3% online retail penetration, according to eMarketer. Despite recent macroeconomic volatility in certain countries such as Brazil and Argentina, eCommerce in Latin America has grown at a CAGR of 27.9% from 2012 to 2015, according to eMarketer, which compares favorably to markets of more developed countries and the 3.8% and 3.6% decrease in Brazil’s GDP in 2015 and 2016, respectively. Also, our customers have been increasingly accessing our sites using mobile devices. In the year ended December 31, 2016, orders placed by our customers from mobile devices represented approximately 32.2% of our total orders (compared to 20.2% in the year ended December 31, 2015), and we believe there is room for further growth in mobile commerce. We are focused on the continuous development of our mobile platforms as we expect sales made on mobile devices to become an increasingly important part of our business. We believe that we are and will continue to be well positioned to benefit from these growth opportunities. |
• | Changing Customer Demands, Shopping Patterns and Technologies: We believe that the current scale of our business reflects in part our consistent ability to anticipate and respond in a timely manner to changing consumer demands and shopping patterns. We believe that there has been an increased focus on education and health, which is translating into more active lifestyles and higher participation in sports. We have been directing our efforts to address the needs of consumers in this growing market, which we believe is a primary component behind our growth in net sales from R$252.9 million in 2010 to R$1,739.5 million in 2016. Also, our ability to innovate and be at the forefront of technological trends and incorporate technology into all aspects of our business has been key to our success, and we expect to benefit from the growth of eCommerce (which, according to eMarketer, has grown from 1.3% of the retail market in Brazil in 2012 to 2.2% in 2015). |
• | Performance of our International Segment: We are committed to developing our businesses in Argentina and Mexico, and despite the difference of the operating environment in these countries and in Brazil, we believe we are now one of the main eCommerce players in these countries. Compared to Brazil, in Argentina and Mexico we currently have lower market share and negative cash flows from operations, and we have had different rates of growth in recent periods than in Brazil. We are working to develop sufficient scale in these different markets to overcome these challenges. The impact of the international segment on our results as reported inreais is also affected by exchange rate variations between the real and the currencies of Argentina and Mexico. |
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• | Political Environment and Macroeconomic Conditions in the Countries in which We Operate: All of our business is currently carried out in Latin America and primarily in Brazil. Our results of operations and financial condition are significantly influenced by political and economic developments in the countries in which we operate and the effect that these factors have on the availability of credit, employment rates, disposable income and average wages in those countries. In the mid- to long-term, we expect strong macro tailwinds due to an expanding middle class, increased disposable income and reduced unemployment and interest rates, among other factors. |
Key Business Metrics
Our management regularly reviews the key operational and financial metrics described below to evaluate our business, monitor and measure performance, identify business trends, prepare financial projections and make strategic decisions.
Years Ended December 31, | ||||||||||||||||
2014 | 2015 | 2016 | 2016 | |||||||||||||
Operational | ||||||||||||||||
Active customers (in thousands) | 3,753 | 4,676 | 5,562 | — | ||||||||||||
Total orders (in thousands) | 6,846 | 8,497 | 10,268 | — | ||||||||||||
% of total orders placed from mobile devices | 11.6% | 20.2% | 32.2% | — | ||||||||||||
Average basket size | R$210.8 | R$219.1 | R$206.6 | US$63.4 | ||||||||||||
Financial | ||||||||||||||||
EBITDA (in thousands)(1) | R$(99,958 | ) | R$(46,534 | ) | R$(43,871 | ) | US$(13,459 | ) | ||||||||
EBITDA Margin(1) | (8.9)% | (3.1)% | (2.5)% | — | ||||||||||||
GMV (in thousands)(2) | R$1,443,207 | R$1,867,015 | R$2,202,498 | US$675,800 |
(1) | For a reconciliation of net loss to EBITDA and EBITDA Margin, see “Selected Financial and Operating Data—Non-IFRS Financial Measures—EBITDA and EBITDA Margin.” |
(2) | For a reconciliation of net sales to GMV, see “Selected Financial and Operating Data—Non-IFRS Financial Measures—GMV.” |
Active Customers:Customers who made purchases online with us during the preceding twelve months as of the relevant dates.
Total Orders: Total number of orders invoiced to active customers during the relevant period.
% of Total Orders Placed from Mobile Devices:The sum of total orders placed by active customers through our mobile site and applications as a percentage of total orders placed by active customers for the relevant period. This operational metric is especially relevant as we expect sales made on mobile devices to become an increasingly important part of our business.
Average Basket Size:The sum of total order value from online purchases with us divided by the number of total orders for the relevant period.
EBITDA and EBITDA Margin: We define: (1) “EBITDA” as net income (loss) plus net interest income/expense (which includes interest income, imputed interest on installment sales, interest expenses related to debt, imputed interest on credit purchases and debt issuance costs), income tax, and depreciation and amortization expenses; and (2) “EBITDA Margin” as EBITDA divided by net sales for the relevant period, expressed as a percentage. EBITDA and EBITDA Margin are not measures of financial performance in accordance with IFRS and should not be considered as a substitute for other measures of financial performance reported in accordance with IFRS. These measurements assist our management and may be useful to investors in comparing our operating performance consistently over time as they eliminate the impact of our capital structure (primarily
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interest charges), asset base (primarily depreciation and amortization) and items outside the control of our management (primarily taxes). These measurements have limitations as analytical tools, including:
• | EBITDA does not reflect changes in, or cash requirements for, our working capital needs or contractual commitments; |
• | EBITDA does not reflect our tax expense or the cash requirements to pay our taxes; |
• | Although depreciation and amortization are non-cash charges, the assets being depreciated or amortized will often need to be replaced in the future, and EBITDA does not reflect any cash requirements for these replacements; and |
• | Other companies may calculate EBITDA differently than we do, and therefore this presentation of EBITDA may not be comparable to other similarly titled measures used by other companies. |
Because of these limitations, you should consider EBITDA alongside other financial performance measures, like net income (loss). For a reconciliation of net loss to EBITDA, see “Selected Financial and Operating Data—Non-IFRS Financial Measures—EBITDA and EBITDA Margin.”
GMV:Gross Merchandise Value, or GMV, is the sum of net sales, returns, GMV from marketplace and net sales taxes, less marketplace and NCard activation commission fees. This metric indicates the total volume of product sales (in terms of gross merchandise value) transacted in online and offline purchases with us, as well as the growth trend of our marketplace, which we believe will become increasingly important to our business. For a reconciliation of net sales to GMV, see “Selected Financial and Operating Data— Non-IFRS Financial Measures—GMV.”
Our Business Segments
We have organized our operations into two reportable segments: Brazil and International, which consists of our operations in Argentina and Mexico. For further information, see note 2.6 to our audited consolidated financial statements included elsewhere in this prospectus.
Components of Our Results of Operations
The following is a summary of the items comprising our statements of profit and loss:
Net Sales
Net sales includes revenue from product sales and other revenues, net of promotional discounts and returns. Revenue from product sales includes those arising from (1) online purchases with us (except marketplace) and (2) offline purchases with us. Other revenues mainly include (1) shipping services related to our product sales, (2) commission revenue representing a percentage of the total order value of product sales through our marketplace, where qualified third-party B2C vendors can sell their own products to customers through our sites and (3) commission revenue generated by customers’ activation of NCards. We launched our marketplace platform in February 2016 and NCard in April 2016. For the year ended December 31, 2016, online purchases with us (except marketplace) represented 93.5% of our net sales, while offline purchases with us and other revenues represented 4.3% and 2.2% of our net sales, respectively.
Our net sales are also recorded net of certain taxes, principally Taxes on Sale of Goods and Services (Imposto sobre Circulação de Mercadoria e Serviços), or ICMS. We have received ICMS tax incentives from the States of Pernambuco and Minas Gerais in Brazil, and the impact of these tax incentives is reflected in net sales because the amount of ICMS we pay to those states is lower than the amount we invoice to our customers who order from outside of these states. For further discussion regarding the tax incentives applicable to us, see notes 5 and 7 to our audited consolidated financial statements included elsewhere in this prospectus.
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Cost of Sales
Cost of sales consists primarily of costs related to our product sales (except marketplace), including the purchase price of goods for resale (net of rebates from suppliers) and related non-recoverable taxes, as well as shipping costs.
Selling and Marketing Expenses
Selling and marketing expenses consist primarily of marketing and advertising costs, personnel expenses for employees engaged in selling, marketing and distribution activities, rental expenses in connection with our distribution centers, credit card fees paid to financial institutions and other expenses. See note 7(b) to our audited consolidated financial statements.
General and Administrative Expenses
General and administrative expenses consist primarily of personnel expenses for management and employees involved in general corporate functions, including finance, accounting, tax, legal, information technology and human resources, and our share option plan granted to key management personnel. General and administrative expenses also include rental expenses incurred in connection with our corporate offices, technology and related infrastructure costs, professional and consulting fees, depreciation costs of equipment used by our corporate departments and insurance expenses. See note 7(c) to our audited consolidated financial statements.
Other Operating Expense, Net
Other operating income consists primarily of the income related to our agreement with Banco Itaú S.A. to provide it with exclusive access to our customer database and gains on the disposal of fixed assets and intangible assets. Other operating expense consists primarily of losses on the disposal of fixed assets and provisions for civil and labor risks.
Financial Income
Financial income consists primarily of interest income on cash and cash equivalents, imputed interest income on installment sales and gains on derivative financial instruments. See note 17 to our audited consolidated financial statements for further information regarding our derivative financial instruments.
Imputed interest on installment sales represents the interest component of the stated purchase price for goods that the customer pays for in installments. We recognize imputed interest over the payment term offered to our customers paying in installments.
We enter into derivative financial instruments to protect us against foreign exchange volatility arising from the import of products and debt denominated in U.S. dollars.
Financial Expense
Financial expense consists primarily of interest expense on debt, bank fees and imputed interest expense on credit purchases and losses on derivative financial instruments.
Imputed interest on credit purchases represents the interest component of the stated purchase price when we purchase inventory from our suppliers on extended payment terms. We recognize imputed interest expense over the payment term of the trade account payable.
We enter into derivative financial instruments to protect us against foreign exchange volatility arising from the import of products and debt denominated in U.S. dollars.
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Income Tax Expense
Income tax expense consists primarily of current tax. Current income tax is measured as the amount expected to be paid (or recovered, to the extent applicable) to tax authorities based on the taxable profit for the period. We have reported pretax losses, giving rise to substantial tax loss carryforwards in Brazil, Argentina and Mexico. We will not recognize deferred tax assets until we begin to experience future sustainable taxable profits and it is probable that we will be able to utilize these tax benefits. See below “—Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates—Income Taxes” and notes 2.27 and 19 to our audited consolidated financial statements included elsewhere in this prospectus.
Results of Operations
Year Ended December 31, 2014 Compared to Year Ended December 31, 2015
Unless the context otherwise requires, in the discussion that follows, references to 2014 and 2015 are to the years ended December 31, 2014 and 2015, respectively. The following table sets forth our audited consolidated financial information for the years ended December 31, 2014 and 2015.
(In thousands) | Year Ended December 31, 2014 | Year Ended December 31, 2015 | % Change | |||||||||
R$ | R$ | |||||||||||
Net sales | 1,125,795 | 1,505,686 | 33.7% | |||||||||
Cost of sales | (753,440 | ) | (1,010,501 | ) | 34.1 | |||||||
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Gross profit | 372,355 | 495,185 | 33.0 | |||||||||
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Operating expenses: | ||||||||||||
Selling and marketing | (322,643 | ) | (398,514 | ) | 23.5 | |||||||
General and administrative | (147,375 | ) | (157,228 | ) | 6.7 | |||||||
Other operating expense, net | (4,724 | ) | (3,503 | ) | (25.8 | ) | ||||||
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Total operating expenses | (474,742 | ) | (559,245 | ) | 17.8 | |||||||
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Operating loss | (102,387 | ) | (64,060 | ) | (37.4 | ) | ||||||
Financial income | 32,598 | 61,294 | 88.0 | |||||||||
Financial expense | (74,447 | ) | (96,667 | ) | 29.8 | |||||||
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Loss before income tax | (144,236 | ) | (99,433 | ) | (31.1 | ) | ||||||
Income tax expense | (139 | ) | (80 | ) | (42.4 | ) | ||||||
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Net loss | (144,375 | ) | (99,513 | ) | (31.1 | )% | ||||||
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Net Sales
Total net sales increased by 33.7% from R$1,125.8 million in 2014 to R$1,505.7 million in 2015. The following table sets forth the breakdown of our net sales by segment for the periods indicated:
(In thousands) | Year Ended December 31, 2014 | Year Ended December 31, 2015 | % Change | |||||||||
R$ | R$ | |||||||||||
Brazil | 1,015,612 | 1,304,853 | 28.5% | |||||||||
International | 110,183 | 200,833 | 82.3 | |||||||||
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Total | 1,125,795 | 1,505,686 | 33.7% | |||||||||
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Brazil net sales increased by 28.5% from R$1,015.6 million in 2014 to R$1,304.9 million in 2015, primarily due to the following factors:
• | a 24.7% increase in the number of total orders placed by our customers in Brazil to 7.7 million in 2015, derived mainly from a 24.4% increase in active customers to 4.3 million as of December 31, 2015, which was partially driven by the successful launch of Zattini in December 2014; |
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• | a reduced ICMS tax burden in 2015 as a result of (1) tax incentives granted by the State of Minas Gerais beginning in 2015 and (2) a greater proportion of our sales being processed through our distribution center in the State of Pernambuco, which also provides ICMS tax incentives. The reduction in ICMS taxes in 2015 led to a 4.6% increase in our net sales. For further discussion regarding the tax incentives from which we currently benefit, see note 5 to our audited consolidated financial statements; and |
• | the increase in orders was partially offset by a 2.2% decrease in the average basket size per order (from R$212.0 in 2014 to R$207.3 in 2015), primarily attributable to changes in product mix as a result of the effect of the recent downturn in the Brazilian economy on the disposable income of our customers. |
International net sales increased by 82.3% from R$110.2 million in 2014 to R$200.8 million in 2015, primarily due to the following factors:
• | a 19.0% increase in the number of total orders placed by our customers to 0.8 million as of December 31, 2015, which was derived mainly from a 26.5% increase in active customers to 413 thousand in 2015; and |
• | a 65.3% increase in the average basket size per order (from R$200.3 in 2014 to R$331.2 in 2015) as a result of (1) an increase in the prices we charge for the products we sell, primarily attributable to inflation in Argentina (24.75% in 2015, according toIPCCongreso) and (2) exchange translation effects resulting from the depreciation of the Brazilianreal against the Mexican and Argentinepesos. |
On a local currency basis, the net sales of our Argentine subsidiary increased by 66.0% (from ARS246.3 million in 2014 to ARS408.9 million in 2015) and the net sales of our Mexican subsidiary increased by 11.7% (from MXN220.5 million in 2014 to MXN246.2 million in 2015), primarily attributable to our continuing efforts to ramp up operations in these countries, and, in the case of Argentina, inflation.
Cost of Sales and Gross Margin
Our cost of sales increased by 34.1% from R$753.4 million in 2014 to R$1,010.5 million in 2015, which is substantially in line with the increase in our net sales. Our cost of sales as a percentage of our net sales remained relatively flat (66.9% in 2014 compared to 67.1% in 2015). Our gross margin also remained relatively stable (33.1% in 2014 compared to 32.9% in 2015).
Operating Expenses
Selling and Marketing Expenses
Selling and marketing expenses increased by 23.5% from R$322.6 million in 2014 to R$398.5 million in 2015. However, as a percentage of our net sales, selling and marketing expenses decreased from 28.7% in 2014 to 26.5% in 2015, which reflects the success of our continued strategy to improve the efficiency of our marketing efforts by focusing on traffic conversion and monetization. Key drivers leading to the increase in selling and marketing expenses are discussed in further detail below:
• | Personnel expenses increased by R$32.7 million, resulting from (1) an increase in average headcount in our Brazil operations from 1,798 in 2014 to 1,985 in 2015, due to (a) the launch of Zattini in December 2014, and (b) the development of our marketplace, and (2) increased sales volume during the 2015 Black November Period, requiring additional temporary employees at our distribution centers. As a percentage of our net sales, personnel expenses remained relatively stable (7.6% in 2014 compared to 7.9% in 2015); |
• | Marketing expenses increased by R$21.5 million, primarily due to increased investments in marketing campaigns to (1) attract new customers to our sites (and to specifically promote Zattini’s brand-building) and (2) increase our active customers by reengaging our registered members. As a percentage of our net sales, marketing expenses decreased from 13.8% in 2014 to 11.7% in 2015; and |
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• | Credit card fees paid to financial institutions increased by R$9.2 million, which is substantially in line with the increase in net sales. As a percentage of our net sales, credit card fees paid to financial institutions remained relatively stable (2.1% in 2014 compared to 2.2% in 2015). |
General and Administrative Expenses
General and administrative expenses increased by 6.7% from R$147.4 million in 2014 to R$157.2 million in 2015. However, as a percentage of our net sales, general and administrative expenses decreased from 13.1% in 2014 to 10.4% in 2015 mainly as a result of scaling our business. The increase in general and administrative expenses was primarily attributable to (1) the R$4.4 million increase in information technology services expenses due to higher maintenance expenses as a result of an upgrade in our information technology infrastructure and (2) the increase of R$3.3 million in the amortization of software, resulting from new software acquired and developed in 2015.
Financial Income
Financial income increased by 88.0% from R$32.6 million in 2014 to R$61.3 million in 2015. This increase was primarily due to (1) the R$17.4 million increase in our interest income on cash and cash equivalents, resulting from the increase of our contractual interest rate weighted by the month-end average balance from 10.6% to 13.4% and our average monthly balance of cash and cash equivalents increasing from R$146.0 million in 2014 to R$226.1 million in 2015 following our equity offerings in 2014 and 2015, (2) the R$8.9 million increase in gains on derivative financial instruments mainly as a result of gains on the hedge of U.S. dollar-denominated debt, which was fully paid in November 2015, and (3) the R$1.7 million increase in imputed interest income on installment sales.
Financial Expense
Financial expense increased by 29.8% from R$74.4 million in 2014 to R$96.7 million in 2015. This increase was primarily attributable to (1) the R$12.0 million increase in imputed interest expense on purchases with extended payment terms offered by our suppliers, which was in line with our strategy to extend our payment terms with suppliers and (2) the R$11.2 million increase in interest expenses on debt, resulting from the increase in our weighted average interest rate from 13.2% to 16.4%, which was partially offset by a decrease in our average monthly balance of debt outstanding from R$397.5 million in 2014 to R$336.5 million in 2015.
Income Tax Expense
Income tax expense was recorded in 2014 and 2015 at the amount expected to be paid to tax authorities. However, we recorded R$0 in deferred income tax assets in 2014 or 2015. See below “—Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates—Income Taxes—Deferred Income Tax.”
Net Loss
Our net loss decreased by 31.1% from R$144.4 million in 2014 to R$99.5 million in 2015, primarily due to the fact that our net sales grew faster than our total operating expenses and our net financial expense decreased. As a percentage of our net sales, our total operating expenses decreased from 42.2% in 2014 to 37.1% in 2015 and our net financial expense decreased from 3.7% in 2014 to 2.3% in 2015.
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Year Ended December 31, 2015 Compared to Year Ended December 31, 2016
The following table sets forth our audited consolidated financial information ended in 2015 and 2016:
(In thousands) | Year Ended December 31, 2015 | Year Ended December 31, 2016 | % Change | Year Ended December 31, 2016 | ||||||||||||
R$ | R$ |
| US$ | |||||||||||||
Net sales | 1,505,686 | 1,739,540 | 15.5 | % | 533,749 | |||||||||||
Cost of sales | (1,010,501 | ) | (1,188,744 | ) | 17.6 | (364,746 | ) | |||||||||
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Gross profit | 495,185 | 550,796 | 11.2 | 169,003 | ||||||||||||
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Operating expenses: | ||||||||||||||||
Selling and marketing | (398,514 | ) | (443,692 | ) | 11.3 | (136,139 | ) | |||||||||
General and administrative | (157,228 | ) | (174,564 | ) | 11.0 | (53,562 | ) | |||||||||
Other operating expense, net | (3,503 | ) | (5,252 | ) | 49.9 | (1,611 | ) | |||||||||
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Total operating expenses | (559,245 | ) | (623,508 | ) | 11.5 | (191,312 | ) | |||||||||
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Operating loss | (64,060 | ) | (72,712 | ) | 13.5 | (22,309 | ) | |||||||||
Financial income | 61,294 | 28,366 | (53.7 | ) | 8,704 | |||||||||||
Financial expense | (96,667 | ) | (107,550 | ) | 11.3 | (33,000 | ) | |||||||||
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Loss before income tax | (99,433 | ) | (151,896 | ) | 52.8 | (46,605 | ) | |||||||||
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Income tax expense | (80 | ) | — | — | — | |||||||||||
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Net loss | (99,513 | ) | (151,896 | ) | 52.6 | % | (46,605 | ) | ||||||||
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Net Sales
Total net sales increased by 15.5% from R$1,505.7 million in 2015 to R$1,739.5 million (US$533.7 million) in 2016. The following table sets forth the breakdown of our net sales by segment for the periods indicated:
(In thousands) | Year Ended December 31, 2015 | Year Ended December 31, 2016 | % Change | Year Ended December 31, 2016 | ||||||||||||
R$ | R$ | US$ | ||||||||||||||
Brazil | 1,304,853 | 1,554,405 | 19.1% | 476,943 | ||||||||||||
International | 200,833 | 185,135 | (7.8) | 56,806 | ||||||||||||
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Total | 1,505,686 | 1,739,540 | 15.5% | 533,749 | ||||||||||||
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Brazil net sales increased by 19.1% from R$1,304.9 million in 2015 to R$1,554.4 million (US$476.9 million) in 2016, primarily due to the following factors:
• | a 22.2% increase in the number of total orders placed by our customers in Brazil to 9.4 million in 2016, derived mainly from a 19.8% increase in active customers to 5.1 million as of December 31, 2016, which was partially driven by the ramp up of Zattini operations in 2016 as well as the successful launch of our marketplace in February 2016; |
• | a reduced ICMS tax burden in 2016 as a result of a greater proportion of our sales being processed through our tax incentivized distribution centers in the States of Minas Gerais and Pernambuco. This reduction in ICMS taxes in 2016 led to a 1.3% increase in our net sales. For further discussion regarding the tax incentives from which we currently benefit, see note 5 to our audited consolidated financial statements; and |
• | the increase in orders was partially offset by a 3.7% decrease in the average basket size per order (from R$207.3 in 2015 to R$199.6 in 2016), primarily attributable to changes in product mix as a result of (1) our strategy to increase the number of products we sell with promotional discounts in response to the effect of the recent downturn in the Brazilian economy on the disposable income of our customers and |
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(2) our efforts to expand sales of fashion and beauty products, which have a lower average ticket price per product sold. |
International net sales decreased by 7.8% from R$200.8 million in 2015 to R$185.1 million (US$56.8 million) in 2016 primarily due to a 14.9% decrease in the average basket size per order (from R$331.2 in 2015 to R$281.8 in 2016) as a result of exchange translation effects resulting from the appreciation of the Brazilianreal against the Mexican and Argentinepesos, which was partially offset by an 8.0% increase in the number of total orders placed by our customers from 0.8 million in 2015 to 0.9 million in 2016, derived mainly from a 9.9% increase in active customers to 453 thousand in 2016.
On a local currency basis, the net sales of our Argentine subsidiary increased by 36.8% (from ARS408.9 million in 2015 to ARS559.6 million in 2016) and the net sales of our Mexican subsidiary increased by 18.7% (from MXN246.2 million in 2015 to MXN292.2 million in 2016), primarily attributable to the expansion of our operations in these countries and inflation in Argentina.
Cost of Sales and Gross Margin
Our cost of sales increased by 17.6% from R$1,010.5 million in 2015 to R$1,188.7 million (US$364.7 million) in 2016. Our cost of sales as a percentage of our net sales increased from 67.1% in 2015 to 68.3% in 2016. Our gross margin decreased from 32.9% in 2015 compared to 31.7% in 2016, mainly attributable to a 3.7% decrease in average basket size per order in Brazil in 2016, primarily resulting from the challenging economic environment in Brazil which has had a negative impact in the disposable income of our customers, and our strategy to counteract these effects by increasing the number of products we sell with promotional discounts.
Operating Expenses
Selling and Marketing Expenses
Selling and marketing expenses increased by 11.3% from R$398.5 million in 2015 to R$443.7 million (US$136.1 million) in 2016. However, as a percentage of our net sales, selling and marketing expenses decreased from 26.5% in 2015 to 25.5% in 2016, which reflects our continued efforts to focus our marketing strategies on traffic conversion and monetization. Key drivers leading to this increase in selling and marketing expenses are discussed in further detail below:
• | Marketing expenses and other expenses collectively increased by R$17.9 million, resulting primarily from (1) an increase in chargeback expenses of R$9.3 million primarily due to (a) the growth of our operations and (b) an increase in the number of fraud attempts in 2016, which impacted NS2 and other retailers in Brazil; and (2) increased investments in marketing campaigns to (a) attract new customers to our sites (and to specifically promote Zattini’s brand-building) and (b) increase our active customers by reengaging our registered members. As a percentage of our net sales, marketing and other expenses decreased from 13.2% in 2015 to 12.5% in 2016; |
• | Personnel expenses increased by R$15.3 million, resulting from (1) higher employee compensation costs attributable to collective bargaining agreements executed in September 2015 and 2016, which led to an approximate 8% average increase in salaries in both years, and (2) an increase in our average headcount, mainly in our distribution center in Minas Gerais, which began operations in June 2015. As a percentage of our net sales, personnel expenses remained relatively stable (7.9% in 2015 compared to 7.7% in 2016); and |
• | Operating lease, facilities, and amortization and depreciation expenses collectively increased by R$13.4 million, resulting from (1) the beginning of our operations at our distribution center in Minas Gerais and (2) the relocation to our new main corporate office in São Paulo. As a percentage of our net sales, operating lease, facilities, and amortization and depreciation expenses increased from 1.8% in 2015 to 2.3% in 2016. |
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General and Administrative Expenses
General and administrative expenses increased by 11.0% from R$157.2 million in 2015 to R$174.6 million (US$53.6 million) in 2016. However, as a percentage of our net sales, general and administrative expenses decreased slightly from 10.4% in 2015 compared to 10.0% in 2016, mainly as a result of scaling our business, following the trend reported in previous years. The increase in general and administrative expenses was primarily attributable to (1) a R$6.0 million increase in personnel expenses, resulting from (a) higher employee compensation costs attributable to collective bargaining agreements executed in September 2015 and 2016, which led to an approximate 8% average increase in salaries in both years, and (b) an increase in average headcount, which was mainly related to the expansion of our information technology department as a result of our strategic decision to cease outsourcing most of our information technology personnel, (2) the increase of R$5.6 million in the amortization of software, resulting from new software acquired and developed in 2016 and (3) the increase of R$2.5 million in information technology services expenses, due to higher maintenance expenses as a result of an upgrade in our information technology infrastructure. As a percentage of our net sales, personnel expenses decreased slightly from 5.3% in 2015 to 4.9% in 2016 and information technology services expenses remained relatively stable from 2.2% in 2015 to 2.0% in 2016.
Financial Income
Financial income decreased by 53.7% from R$61.3 million in 2015 to R$28.4 million (US$8.7 million) in 2016. This decrease was primarily due to the following factors:
• | The R$15.5 million decrease in our interest income on cash and cash equivalents, resulting from a decrease in our average monthly balance of cash and cash equivalents from R$226.1 million in 2015 to R$72.8 million in 2016 due to a reduction in financing activities, partially offset by the increase in our contractual interest rate weighted by the month-end average balance from 13.4% to 14.0%; |
• | The R$10.8 million decrease in imputed interest income on installment sales was primarily due to the substantial increase in the use of factoring of trade accounts receivable with financial institutions (from a volume of R$332.8 million in 2015 to R$789.2 million in 2016). The monthly average amount of factored trade accounts receivable during the year ended December 31, 2016 was R$65.8 million. As we transfer trade accounts receivables to financial institutions, we cease to recognize imputed interest income in installment sales from the transferred accounts receivables; and |
• | The non-recurrence in 2016 of gains on derivative financial instruments as we had in 2015. |
Financial Expense
Financial expense increased by 11.3% from R$96.7 million in 2015 to R$107.6 million (US$33.0 million) in 2016. This increase was primarily attributable to (1) an R$8.5 million increase in interest expenses on debt, resulting from (a) an increase in our weighted average interest rate from 16.4% to 18.0% and (b) an increase in our average monthly balance of debt outstanding from R$336.5 million in 2015 to R$342.8 million in 2016 and (2) an R$8.2 million increase in imputed interest expense on credit purchases which was in line with our strategy to extend our payment terms with suppliers. This increase was partially offset by a reduction (1) in bank charges of R$4.5 million from 2015 to 2016 and (2) in foreign exchange loss of R$3.5 million from 2015 to 2016.
Income Tax Expense
Income tax expense was recorded in 2015 and 2016 at the amount expected to be paid to tax authorities. However, we recorded R$0 in deferred income tax assets in 2015 or 2016. See below “—Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates—Income Taxes—Deferred Income Tax” and note 19 to our audited consolidated financial statements.
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Net Loss
Our net loss increased by 52.6% from R$99.5 million in 2015 to R$151.9 million (US$46.6 million) in 2016 primarily due to a R$43.8 million increase in net financial expense. As a percentage of our net sales, net financial expense increased from 2.3% in 2015 to 4.6% in 2016.
Seasonality and Quarterly Results of Operations
Like most retail businesses, we experience seasonal fluctuations in our net sales and operating results. Historically, we have generated higher net sales in the fourth quarter, which includes the Black November period in Brazil (a commercial sale season introduced by Brazilian eCommerce websites in 2010 that is a month-long equivalent to the Black Friday in the United States) and the Christmas season in Brazil, Argentina and Mexico. As a result, most of our profits are generated during the fourth quarter. On the other hand, the first quarter of the year is our slowest period, as the months of January, February and March correspond to vacation time in Brazil and Argentina. For a discussion of the effects of such seasonal fluctuation in our cash flows from operations, see “—Liquidity and Capital Resources—Net Working Capital.”
The following table sets forth our unaudited quarterly results from the three months ended March 31, 2015 to the three months ended December 31, 2016. The unaudited quarterly results set forth below have been prepared on a basis consistent with our audited consolidated financial statements, and we believe they include all normal recurring adjustments necessary for a fair statement of the financial information presented below. The following table should be read in conjunction with our audited consolidated financial statements included elsewhere in this prospectus.
Three Months Ended | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
March 31, 2015 | June 30, 2015 | September 30, 2015 | December 31, 2015 | March 31, 2016 | June 30, 2016 | September 30, 2016 | December 31, 2016 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
(In thousands) | R$ | R$ | R$ | R$ | R$ | R$ | R$ | R$ | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Net sales | 270,503 | 326,050 | 388,928 | 520,205 | 347,863 | 401,644 | 414,245 | 575,788 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Cost of sales | (182,547 | ) | (214,862 | ) | (256,806 | ) | (356,286 | ) | (242,820 | ) | (259,567 | ) | (276,753 | ) | (409,604 | ) | ||||||||||||||||
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Gross profit | 87,956 | 111,188 | 132,122 | 163,919 | 105,043 | 142,077 | 137,492 | 166,184 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Operating expenses: | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Selling and marketing | (87,634 | ) | (89,347 | ) | (102,869 | ) | (118,664 | ) | (103,940 | ) | (105,886 | ) | (108,923 | ) | (124,943 | ) | ||||||||||||||||
General and administrative | (31,948 | ) | (44,557 | ) | (42,269 | ) | (38,454 | ) | (46,336 | ) | (45,815 | ) | (44,516 | ) | (37,897 | ) | ||||||||||||||||
Other operating expenses, net | (1,599 | ) | (36 | ) | (977 | ) | (891 | ) | (1,663 | ) | (1,724 | ) | (644 | ) | (1,221 | ) | ||||||||||||||||
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Total operating expenses | (121,181 | ) | (133,940 | ) | (146,115 | ) | (158,009 | ) | (151,939 | ) | (153,425 | ) | (154,083 | ) | (164,061 | ) | ||||||||||||||||
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Operating income (loss) | (33,225 | ) | (22,752 | ) | (13,993 | ) | 5,910 | (46,896 | ) | (11,348 | ) | (16,591 | ) | 2,123 | ||||||||||||||||||
Financial income | 11,991 | 12,512 | 26,765 | 10,026 | 7,754 | 4,737 | 8,624 | 7,251 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Financial expenses | (20,093 | ) | (20,088 | ) | (30,428 | ) | (26,058 | ) | (22,494 | ) | (27,026 | ) | (22,335 | ) | (35,695 | ) | ||||||||||||||||
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Loss before income tax | (41,327 | ) | (30,328 | ) | (17,656 | ) | (10,122 | ) | (61,636 | ) | (33,637 | ) | (30,302 | ) | (26,321 | ) | ||||||||||||||||
Income tax expense | — | — | — | (80 | ) | — | — | — | — | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Net loss | (41,327 | ) | (30,328 | ) | (17,656 | ) | (10,202 | ) | (61,636 | ) | (33,637 | ) | (30,302 | ) | (26,321 | ) | ||||||||||||||||
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The following table sets forth a reconciliation of our net loss to EBITDA for each of the periods indicated below:
Three Months Ended | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
March 31, 2015 | June 30, 2015 | September 30, 2015 | December 31, 2015 | March 31, 2016 | June 30, 2016 | September 30, 2016 | December 31, 2016 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
(In thousands) | R$ | R$ | R$ | R$ | R$ | R$ | R$ | R$ | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Net loss | (41,327 | ) | (30,328 | ) | (17,656 | ) | (10,202 | ) | (61,636 | ) | (33,637 | ) | (30,302 | ) | (26,321 | ) | ||||||||||||||||
Add (subtract): | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Interest income / expense, net(1) | 4,346 | 5,645 | 9,463 | 13,030 | 12,120 | 19,704 | 19,769 | 25,230 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Income tax expense | — | — | — | 80 | — | — | — | — | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Depreciation and amortization | 4,814 | 5,398 | 4,840 | 5,363 | 6,926 | 8,112 | 8,221 | 7,943 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
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EBITDA | (32,167 | ) | (19,285 | ) | (3,353 | ) | 8,271 | (42,591 | ) | (5,820 | ) | (2,312 | ) | 6,852 | ||||||||||||||||||
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Net sales | 270,503 | 326,050 | 388,928 | 520,205 | 347,863 | 401,644 | 414,245 | 575,788 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
EBITDA Margin | (11.9)% | (5.9)% | (0.9)% | 1.6% | (12.2)% | (1.4)% | (0.6)% | 1.2% |
(1) | Includes interest income, imputed interest on installment sales, interest expenses related to debt, imputed interest on credit purchases and debt issuance costs. |
Liquidity and Capital Resources
Use and Sources of Funds
We have experienced negative cash flows from operations, which we have funded through bank financing arrangements, by selling common shares to financial investors in May 2014 and March 2015 and by selling convertible notes to financial investors in February 2017. In 2015, we raised R$146.2 million from sales of common shares to financial investors. In 2016, we primarily used cash on hand and debt to fund our operations. In February 2017, we raised capital from financial investors by issuing notes convertible into our common shares with total proceeds amounting to US$30.0 million (or R$92.3 million, using the exchange rate on the date of the execution of the convertible note purchase agreement). For further information, see “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results Of Operations—Indebtedness—Material Financing Agreements.”
Going forward, we expect that cash provided by our operating activities will become an incremental source of funding for our operations. Although we have experienced negative cash flows from operating activities at the consolidated level, we have generated positive cash flows from operating activities on an annual basis in Brazil since 2014. We have recently engaged in several initiatives designed to deliver increased net sales at higher margins while taking advantage of our existing infrastructure (such as the introduction of new verticals with Zattini, the launch of our online marketplace, the offering of private label products and our B2B operations), and we believe that these initiatives will play a key role in our long-term growth strategy and improve our operating cash flows. See “Business—Our Strategy.”
As described under “Use of Proceeds,” we intend to use the net proceeds from this offering for general corporate purposes focused on expanding the scale of our business. In addition, we do not currently expect to pay any cash dividends to our common shareholders in the foreseeable future. Although we believe that upon the completion of this offering we will have a sufficient level of cash and cash equivalents to cover our working capital needs in the ordinary course of business and to continue to expand our business, we may, from time to time, explore additional financing sources and means to lower our cost of capital, which could include equity, equity-linked and debt financing. In addition, from time to time, we review acquisition and investment opportunities to further implement our business strategy and may fund these investments with internally generated funds, bank financing, the issuance of debt or equity or a combination thereof.
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We believe, based on our current operating plan, that our existing cash and cash equivalents, together with other sources of financing (which may include proceeds from this offering) and cash generated from our operations, will be sufficient to meet our anticipated cash needs for working capital, financial liabilities, capital expenditures and business expansion through at least the next twelve months.
Restricted and Unrestricted Cash and Cash Equivalents
As of December 31, 2015 and 2016, we had unrestricted cash and cash equivalents of R$249.1 million and R$111.3 million (US$34.2 million), respectively, which primarily consisted of cash, bank deposits and short-term financial investments. This decrease of unrestricted cash and cash equivalents from December 31, 2015 to December 31, 2016 relates primarily to a reduction of net cash provided by financing activities. See “—Consolidated Cash Flows—Financing Activities.”
Additionally, as of December 31, 2015 and 2016, we had restricted cash and cash equivalents amounting to R$44.9 million and R$43.2 million (US$13.3 million), respectively, which were pledged as collateral under import letters of credit and certain financial arrangements (see below “—Indebtedness”).
Net Working Capital
The amount of cash flows and working capital we require to support our operations fluctuates throughout the year, primarily driven by the seasonality of our business. Our working capital requirements are also affected by extended payment terms offered to our customers (see “Business—Billing and Collection”) and payment terms agreed with our suppliers.
Typically, we generate higher cash flows during the fourth quarter, given the increase in the volume of sales we generally experience in the Black November period and the holiday selling season. Conversely, our cash flow requirements increase during the first quarter of the year, as a result of (1) the maturity of the payment terms with our suppliers for inventory acquired in advance of our peak selling season and (2) a decrease in sales volume that typically follows the holiday season.
We have taken a number of initiatives designed to improve liquidity and help us manage our net working capital requirements, which led us to reduce our net working capital cycle—defined as the amount of time we take to convert our inventory and trade accounts receivable into cash, net of trade accounts payable—from an average of 98 days for the year ended December 31, 2014 to an average of 43 days for the year ended December 31, 2016. These initiatives include the following:
Trade Accounts Payable
• | Given our scale and the significance of our business to our suppliers, we have been able to further diversify our supplier portfolio and deepen relationships with our existing suppliers, allowing us to renegotiate and further extend our payment terms with them. |
• | Our strategy to focus on the introduction of new products in attractive verticals has also contributed to lowering our working capital requirements. We focus on new products in verticals, such as Zattini, that not only have higher margins with short replacement cycle but also benefit from a diversified supplier chain, which in conjunction with the scale of our business, allows us to negotiate better terms with our suppliers, such as further extending the average period we take to pay our trade accounts payable. Zattini was initially focused solely on fashion, but in the short time since its launch, we have successfully introduced new categories, including beauty products in 2016. We will continue to launch new products in existing and future verticals in a targeted way that grows our lifestyle brand while achieving not only higher margins but also lower working capital requirements. |
• | We use reverse factoring of trade accounts payable, in which a financial institution pays our supplier in advance in exchange for a discount, and we agree to pay the financial institution either at a discount on the original payment date or at the full face value at a later date. |
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As a result of all these initiatives, we extended the average period we take to pay our trade accounts payable from an average of 58 days for the year ended December 31, 2014 to an average of 111 days for the year ended December 31, 2016.
Trade Accounts Receivable
• | We have entered into factoring arrangements with financial institutions, in which we transfer our rights to receive payment on a portion of our trade accounts receivable to financial institutions and they pay us up front at a discount. This resulted in a reduction in the average period we take to collect trade accounts receivable. The volume of our factoring of trade accounts receivable increased from R$332.8 million for the year ended December 31, 2015 to R$789.2 million for the year ended December 31, 2016, and the monthly average amount of factored trade accounts receivable during the year ended December 31, 2016 was R$65.8 million. As of December 31, 2016, 40% (or R$86.1 million) of our trade accounts receivable were unrestricted and available for transfer to financial institutions. |
• | We have established a policy requiring a minimum installment payment of R$25.0, which given the comparatively low average ticket price of the products in the verticals in which we operate, has positively contributed to the management of our trade accounts receivable. |
• | For customers other than those purchasing using NCard, we have steadily reduced the number of monthly credit card installments available to effect purchases on our sites. In July 2016, we reduced our maximum extended payment term from a maximum of 12 months to a maximum of 10 months, and in the near future we plan to further lower the extended payment terms we offer to customers. |
As a result of all these initiatives, we reduced the average period we take to collect trade accounts receivable from an average of 70 days for the year ended December 31, 2014 to an average of 49 days for the year ended December 31, 2016.
Inventories
• | Our marketplace initiative allows us to extend product offerings to our customers without having to hold associated inventory (or incurring related costs), thus contributing to improved liquidity. |
Consolidated Cash Flows
The following table sets forth certain consolidated cash flow information for the periods indicated:
Years ended December 31, | ||||||||||||||||
2014 | 2015 | 2016 | 2016 | |||||||||||||
(In thousands) | R$ | R$ | R$ | US$ | ||||||||||||
Net cash (used in) operating activities | (27,266 | ) | (23,094 | ) | (20,857 | ) | (6,400 | ) | ||||||||
Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities | (3,969 | ) | (31,967 | ) | (64,553 | ) | (19,807 | ) | ||||||||
Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities | 157,481 | 59,097 | (47,207 | ) | (14,484 | ) | ||||||||||
Effect of exchange rate changes on cash and cash equivalents(1) | 1,955 | 2,656 | (5,143 | ) | (1,578 | ) | ||||||||||
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Increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents | 128,201 | 6,692 | (137,760 | ) | (42,269 | ) | ||||||||||
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(1) | Effect of exchange rate changes on cash and cash equivalents held by Netshoes (Cayman) Limited and our subsidiaries in accounts in the United States, Argentina and Mexico. |
Operating Activities
On a consolidated basis, our net cash used in operating activities decreased (1) by 15.3% from R$27.3 million in 2014 to R$23.1 million in 2015, and (2) by 9.7% to R$20.9 million (US$6.4 million) in 2016. Our operating cash flows
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during these periods were significantly affected by the growth in our net sales, and the initiatives we implemented to manage working capital described above, in “—Net Working Capital,” as well as by changes in (a) judicial deposits, primarily due to an ongoing dispute with Brazilian tax authorities, (b) recoverable taxes, primarily resulting from the purchase of products we sell from non-tax incentivized distribution centers and their subsequent resale from tax incentivized distribution centers, where we enjoy lower ICMS tax rates, resulting in increased ICMS tax credits, and (c) restricted cash used to secure our import letters of credit.
In our most mature market, Brazil, we generated positive cash flows from operating activities of R$10.7 million, R$38.5 million and R$25.3 million (US$7.8 million) in 2014, 2015 and 2016, respectively. Our positive cash flows from operating activities in Brazil were primarily attributable to (1) several initiatives in place to improve working capital dynamics, as explained under “—Liquidity and Capital Resources—Net Working Capital,” (2) our continued operating leverage resulting from the scale of our business and (3) the introduction of new lifestyle verticals with higher margins into our portfolio. The positive cash flows from operating activities in Brazil were offset by cash used to continue developing our international operating activities, which consumed R$37.7 million, R$61.5 million and R$46.1 million (US$14.1 million) in 2014, 2015 and 2016, respectively.
Investing Activities
Our primary investing activities have consisted of equipment purchases, leasehold improvements, purchase of intangible assets, and hardware, software and furniture purchases for our fulfillment centers and our overall business growth, and interest received from installment sales. These may vary from period to period depending on when we expand our operations.
Our net cash used in investing activities changed from R$4.0 million of net cash used in 2014 to R$32.0 million of net cash used in investing activities in 2015, primarily attributable to the expansion of our distribution centers, leasehold improvements in our corporate offices and the launch of Zattini. During 2015, we invested R$21.8 million to expand our distribution centers in the State of Pernambuco and Minas Gerais. Additionally, in 2015 we acquired and developed software in an amount of R$24.6 million to continue improving our information technology infrastructure. Our net cash used in investing activities increased to R$64.6 million (US$19.8 million) in 2016, primarily attributable to (1) the acquisition and development of software in an amount of R$36.6 million, (2) leasehold improvements in our distribution centers and our main corporate office in São Paulo in the amount of R$25.2 million and (3) the initial consideration paid for the acquisition of the Shoestock brand in an amount of R$10.5 million.
Our capital expenditures (consisting of purchase of property and equipment and intangible assets) represented 1.9%, 3.1% and 4.2% of our net sales in 2014, 2015 and 2016, respectively. This increase between periods is mainly attributable to increased expenditures due to the acquisition and development of software and the acquisition of Shoestock in February 2016. As of the date hereof, for 2017, we have budgeted capital expenditures of R$70.4 million, including R$28.2 million for the acquisition of property and equipment and R$42.2 million for the acquisition of intangible assets (including software and Shoestock), which will be funded through our operating activities, debt financing and proceeds from this offering.
Financing Activities
Cash flows from financing activities reflect activities such as the issuance of common shares, debt financing and the payment of our existing debt at maturity.
Our net cash provided by financing activities decreased by 62.5% from R$157.5 million in 2014 to R$59.1 million in 2015, primarily as a result of a decrease of R$231.3 million in proceeds from the issuance of common shares, partially offset by a decrease of R$177.9 million in payments of interest and principal amount of debt at maturity.
Our net cash provided by (used in) financing activities changed from R$59.1 million of cash provided in 2015 to R$47.2 million (US$14.5 million) of net cash used in financing activities in 2016, mainly because we did
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not issue equity in 2016, as we did in 2015. Our cash outflows were partially offset by a R$49.9 million (US$15.3 million) decrease in payments of interest and principal amount of debt due to the refinancing of certain of our indebtedness. See “—Indebtedness—Material Financing Agreements.”.
In 2014 and 2015, we raised capital from financial investors by issuing common shares with total proceeds amounting to R$377.5 million and R$146.2 million, respectively. We mainly used these proceeds to invest in the expansion of our operating activities and to repay outstanding debt. In February 2017, we raised capital from financial investors by issuing notes convertible into our common shares with total proceeds amounting to US$30.0 million (or R$92.3 million, using the exchange rate on the date of the execution of the convertible note purchase agreement). We expect to use these proceeds in the expansion of our operating activities. See Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results Of Operations—Indebtedness—Material Financing Agreements” and “Certain Relationships and Related Party Transactions—Private Equity Placements.”
Indebtedness
We had total indebtedness of R$387.4 million as of December 31, 2016, as compared to R$334.0 million as of December 31, 2015. As of December 31, 2016, our total indebtedness comprised (1) 20% short-term debt, which consisted primarily of the short-term portion owed under our debentures and bank financing and (2) 80% long-term debt, which consisted of the long-term portion owed under our debentures and bank financing.
Material Financing Agreements
The table below sets forth selected information regarding our material outstanding indebtedness as of December 31, 2016:
(in thousands) | As of December 31, 2016 | |||||||||||||||||||||
Maturity | Currency | Interest Rate | Current | Non-Current | Total | Total | ||||||||||||||||
Debentures | March 2020 | �� | R$ | 100% of CDI + 3.23% p.a. | R$38,647 | R$83,637 | R$122,284 | US$37,520 | ||||||||||||||
Working Capital Financing | August 2020 | R$ | 138.5% of CDI p.a. | 14,816 | 115,185 | 130,001 | 39,889 | |||||||||||||||
Working Capital Financing | August 2020 | R$ | 100% of CDI + 4.74 p.a. | 7,368 | 57,451 | 64,819 | 19,889 | |||||||||||||||
Working Capital Financing | September 2020 | R$ | 100% of CDI + 3.65 p.a. | 4,611 | 54,608 | 59,219 | 18,170 | |||||||||||||||
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Total | 65,441 | 310,882 | R$376,323 | (1) | US$115,468 | |||||||||||||||||
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(1) | Does not include US$30.0 million (or R$92.3 million, using the exchange rate on the date of the execution of the convertible note purchase agreement) related to the convertible notes we issued in February 2017. |
Our principal financing agreements are described below:
Debentures
On March 5, 2015, our Brazilian subsidiary NS2, completed a local offering in Brazil of secured non-convertible debentures in the aggregate amount of R$150.0 million, with an interest rate equal to the daily average rates of 100% of the Brazilian Interbank Deposit Rate (Certificado de Depósito Interbancário, or CDI) plus 3.231% per year, payable quarterly. Amortization of the principal amount also occurs quarterly. Under the terms of the debentures, the totality of NS2’s Visa and American Express credit and debit card account receivables are automatically deposited into a linked escrow account at Banco Bradesco S.A. managed by the debentures’ fiduciary agent, and upon NS2’s request (provided it is not in breach of any of the terms of the debenture deed) the fiduciary agent is required to release the balance of the linked escrow account that exceeds 50% of the outstanding balance under the debentures at the time of any such request.
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The debenture deed requires NS2 to maintain a ratio of financial indebtedness (defined as the balance of loans and financings) to credit card accounts receivable not greater than 3.00, to be calculated every six months. As of December 31, 2016, NS2 was in compliance with this covenant with a ratio of 1.82. The debenture deed also provides for certain customary covenants that limit NS2’s ability to, among other things, (1) undertake transactions that deviate from the corporate purpose set forth in its by-laws and (2) distribute dividends and pay interest on equity if NS2 is in breach of any of the terms of the debenture deed. It further includes customary events of default provisions, such as NS2’s failure to perform or observe certain terms, covenants or other agreements referred to in the debenture deed, and certain corporate restructurings that result in a change of its control.
Working Capital Financing
In August 2014, NS2 entered into a working capital agreement with Banco do Brasil S.A. for an aggregate principal amount of R$200.0 million. Principal and interest on the loan are payable on a monthly basis. This loan is secured by the fiduciary assignment (cessão fiduciária) of R$20.0 million in financial assets (NS2’s investment in a mutual fund managed by Banco do Brasil S.A.) and a portion of NS2’s existing and future credit card account receivables, limited to a percentage of the outstanding balance of the loan. This agreement was amended in August 2016 to, among other things, (1) extend the maturity of the outstanding balance to August 2020, (2) change the interest rate applicable for the period from August 2016 to August 2020 to 138.5% of the CDI rate, (3) and include one of our founders, Marcio Kumruian, as a guarantor. This agreement also requires NS2 to comply with the following financial covenants: (1) maintain a shareholder’s equity greater than zero, and (2) maintain a ratio of financial indebtedness to credit card receivables not greater than 3.00, as calculated every six months. As of December 31, 2016, NS2 was in compliance with these covenants with a ratio of 1.82.
In August 2016, NS2 entered into a working capital facility agreement with Banco do Brasil S.A. for an aggregate principal amount of R$66.7 million with an interest rate equal to 100% of the CDI rate plus 4.74% per year. Principal and interest on the loan are payable on a monthly basis, and the facility matures in August 2020. This loan is secured by the fiduciary assignment (cessão fiduciária) of R$6.7 million in financial assets (NS2’s investment in a mutual fund managed by Banco do Brasil S.A.) and a portion of NS2’s credit card account receivables, limited to a percentage of the outstanding balance of the loan. This agreement also requires NS2 to maintain a ratio of financial indebtedness to credit card accounts receivable not greater than 3.00, as calculated every six months, and includes customary events of default provisions, such as NS2’s payment of dividends and interest on equity if NS2 is in breach of any of the terms of this agreement, and certain corporate restructurings that result in a change of its control. This facility agreement is also guaranteed by Marcio Kumruian.
In September 2016, NS2 entered into a working capital facility agreement with Banco Bradesco S.A. for an aggregate principal amount of R$60.0 million with an interest rate equal to 100% of the CDI rate plus 3.65% per year. Principal and interest on the loan are payable on a monthly basis, with maturity in September 2020. This loan is secured by the fiduciary assignment (cessão fiduciária) of NS2’s Visa and American Express credit card account receivables deposited from time to time into an escrow account with the lender, limited to 25% of the outstanding balance of the loan.
Convertible Notes
On February 22, 2017, we entered into the convertible note purchase agreement, pursuant to which we issued and sold unsecured promissory notes convertible into our common shares, or the convertible notes, in the aggregate principal amount of US$30.0 million (or R$92.3 million, using the exchange rate on the date of the execution of the convertible note purchase agreement) to some of our current shareholders. See “Certain Relationships and Related Party Transactions—Private Equity Placements.” The convertible notes bear interest on the principal amount (1) at a rate of 4.0% per annum, compounded semiannually, for one year following the date the convertible notes are issued and, thereafter, (2) at a rate of 6.0% per annum, compounded semiannually, and they are due and payable, along with the aggregate principal amount, on February 22, 2019. The convertibles notes are subject to customary events of default.
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Upon completion of this offering, the then outstanding principal and unpaid accrued interest of the convertible notes will be automatically converted into our common shares, or the conversion shares. The number of conversion shares to be issued upon this conversion will be equal to the quotient obtained by dividing the outstanding principal and unpaid accrued interest due on the convertible notes on the date of the closing of this offering by 90% of the initial public offering price of our common shares in this offering. Other provisions in the convertible note purchase agreement will become applicable in the event this offering is not completed as currently contemplated. See note 25 to our audited consolidated financial statements included elsewhere in this prospectus.
Contractual Obligations
The following table sets forth our contractual obligations as of December 31, 2016:
Payments due by period | ||||||||||||||||||||
(in thousands of R$) | Total | Less than 1 year | 1-3 Years | 3-5 Years | More than 5 years | |||||||||||||||
Long-term debt obligations(1) | R$ | 514,902 | R$ | 134,358 | R$ | 380,554 | R$ | — | R$ | — | ||||||||||
Operating lease obligations(2) | 237,968 | 26,441 | 79,323 | 52,882 | 79,323 | |||||||||||||||
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Total | R$ | 752,870 | R$ | 160,799 | R$ | 459,877 | R$ | 52,882 | R$ | 79,323 | ||||||||||
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(1) | Includes current portion of long-term debt. Also includes estimated interest payments of R$130.9 million, of which R$61.8 million and R$69.1 million are due in less than one year and one to three years, respectively. Estimated interest payments were calculated based on the interest rate indexes of our floating interest rate indebtedness in effect as of December 31, 2016. |
(2) | Operating lease obligations primarily include non-cancellable lease commitments for our offices and distribution centers. |
Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements
As of December 31, 2016, except for operating lease obligations as described above, we did not have anyoff-balance sheet arrangements.
Research and Development
Our research and development activities are primarily focused on the development of software, which we view as an important element of the investments we make in our technology and our business. Our primary software development activities have been focused on technology to personalize the shopping experience of our customers, and to set up our marketplace. In the years ended December 31 2014, 2015 and 2016, we spent R$16.2 million, R$24.6 million and R$36.6 million, respectively, on software development.
Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates
Overview
Our consolidated financial statements are prepared in conformity with IFRS. In preparing our audited consolidated financial statements, we make assumptions, judgments and estimates that can have a significant impact on amounts reported in our consolidated financial statements. We base our assumptions, judgments and estimates on historical experience and various other factors that we believe to be reasonable under the circumstances. Actual results could differ materially from these estimates under different assumptions or conditions. We regularly reevaluate our assumptions, judgments and estimates. Our significant accounting policies are described in note 2 to our audited consolidated financial statements included elsewhere in this prospectus. We believe that the following critical accounting policies are more affected by the significant judgments and estimates used in the preparation of our consolidated financial statements.
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Income Taxes
Income tax comprises current and deferred tax. Income tax expense is recognized in consolidated statements of profit or loss, except to the extent it relates to items directly recognized in other comprehensive income. Significant judgments are involved in determining the provision for income taxes including estimates. The recognition of taxes that are subject to certain legal or economic limits or uncertainties is assessed individually by our management based on the specific facts and circumstances. Although we consider all these variables in order to estimate our income taxes, there could be an unfavorable resolution on such issues that may affect the results of our operations.
Deferred Income Tax
Deferred income tax is recognized in respect of (A) temporary differences between the carrying amounts of assets and liabilities for financial reporting purposes and the amounts used for taxation purposes and (B) unused tax losses carryforwards. Deferred income tax assets are recognized for unused tax losses, unused tax credits and deductible temporary differences to the extent that it is probable that future taxable profits will be available against which they can be recovered. We have not recognized deferred income tax assets, but they are reviewed at each reporting date and will be recognized when we begin to experience future sustainable taxable profits during the carryforward period and it is probable that we will be able to utilize the related tax benefits. There is no expiration date for unused tax loss carryforwards in Brazil, but, under Brazilian law, NS2 can only offset up to 30 percent of its taxable profit in any given year. The expiration date for unused tax loss carryforwards in Argentina and Mexico is five years from the date they are recorded. As of December 31, 2016, we had R$224.1 million of unrecognized deferred income tax assets. For additional information, see note 2.27 and 19 to our audited consolidated financial statements included elsewhere in this prospectus.
Share-based Payments
Under the Share Plan, or the Plan, our board of directors may grant up to 631,470 (after giving effect to the share split) share options to key employees, directors and independent contractors, which as of the date of this prospectus represents approximately 3% of our total equity on a fully diluted basis. The options currently granted under the Plan were made at the discretion of our board of directors, which has full authority to establish the terms and conditions of any award consistent with the provisions of the Plan and to waive terms and conditions at any time.
Prior to the completion of this offering, we have provided our employees whose employment relationship was terminated (whether voluntarily or involuntarily), with a repurchase proposal to buy back their common shares at a discount to their fair value. In addition, we have a practice of providing holders of vested awards that terminate their relationship with us (whether voluntarily or involuntarily) with a bonus equal to the exercise price of their exercisable option.
Given our practice of providing former employees with common share repurchase proposals, we have historically considered our Share Plan a cash-settled plan and classified most of our granted awards as liabilities. We have then generally recognized the costs related to share-based payments, net of an estimated forfeiture rate, over the vesting period based on the fair value of our common shares, adjusted for the discount we will receive when repurchasing common shares. Estimated forfeitures are developed based upon historical experience. This liability is remeasured at each reporting date.
On November 14, 2016, we granted a limited number of share options available under our Plan (23,250 share options, after giving effect to the share split) to certain of our employees. The exercisability of these share options is conditioned on the completion of this offering and requires the holder of the relevant share option to continue in employment with us for a minimum of six months after our initial public offering. Given the economic characteristics of this share option grant, we consider this arrangement to be an equity-settled plan and have classified it as equity. Since we expect that all of these conditions will be satisfied during the second half of
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2017, we have recognized an expense for these share options since their grant date, and we estimate it will be fully recorded by the end of 2017. As we expect to extend to holders of vested awards classified as equity our non-contractual practice of providing a bonus equal to the exercise price of their exercisable option, the fair value of these awards were estimated based on the fair value of our shares.
On March 29, 2017, our board of directors agreed to issue and grant under our Share Plan 42,500 share options (127,500 share options, after giving effect to the share split) to our executive officers Marcio Kumruian, Leonardo Tavares Dib and Graciela Kumruian Tanaka. The exercisability of these share options is conditioned on the completion of this offering and requires that both Leonardo Tavares Dib and Graciela Kumruian continue in employment with us for a minimum of six months after our initial public offering, while the share options granted to our chief executive officer, Marcio Kumruian, are subject to our standard vesting schedule. Given the economic characteristics of these share option grants, we consider these arrangements to be equity-settled plans. We expect to extend to holders of vested awards classified as equity settled our non-contractual practice of providing a bonus equal to the exercise price of their exercisable option, the fair value of these awards was estimated based on the fair value of our shares estimated at grant date. In the case of Mr. Leonardo Dib and Ms. Graciela Kumruian the expense is expected to be fully recorded by the end of 2017, and in the case of Mr. Marcio Kumruian, it is expected to be recorded over the next four years considering his options’ graded vesting schedule.
We considered numerous objective and subjective factors to determine our best estimate of the fair value of our common shares, including but not limited to, sales of our common shares in the private placements, our operating and financial performance and forecast, market performance of our comparable publicly traded technology companies, Brazilian and Latin American macroeconomic trends, and the capital market conditions.
In 2014 and 2015, our fair value of common shares was estimated based on the following private placements:
• | On May 12, 2014, we issued 1,250,184 common shares (prior to giving effect to the share split) with a purchase price of US$134.86 per share to investors, on an arms-length sale of our common shares. Therefore, we concluded this price represented the fair value of our common shares as of such date. From May 2014 to December 2014, there was no meaningful change in our business that we concluded would have positively or negatively impacted the fair value of our common shares. After giving effect to the share split, this purchase price would have been US$44.95 per common share. |
• | On March 25, 2015, we issued 333,678 common shares (prior to giving effect to the share split) with a purchase price of US$134.86 per share to investors, on an arms-length sale of our common shares. Therefore, we concluded this price represented the fair value of our common shares as of such date. From March 2015 to December 2015, there was no meaningful change in our business that we concluded would have positively or negatively impacted the fair value of our common shares. After giving effect to the share split, the purchase price would have been US$44.95 per common share. |
In 2016, our board of directors, with the assistance of our management, reassessed the fair value of our common shares based on the guideline public company method, or GPCM. Our valuation approach utilized the implicit enterprise multiple, which was calculated by multiplying the average EBITDA growth multiples of certain comparable companies by our estimated EBITDA long-term growth. GPCM assumes that businesses operating in the same industry will share similar characteristics and that the subject business’s value correlates to those characteristics. Therefore, a comparison of the subject business to similar businesses whose financial information and public market value are available may provide a reasonable basis to estimate the subject business’s value. GPCM provides an estimate of value using multiples derived from the total capitalization of publicly traded companies. In selecting guideline public companies for this analysis, we focused primarily on quantitative considerations, such as financial performance and other quantifiable data, as well as qualitative considerations, such as industry and economic drivers. As of December 31, 2016, we determined the fair value of common shares to be US$121.37 per share (prior to giving effect to the share split). The assumptions we use in this valuation model are based on future expectation combined with management judgment, with inputs of numerous subjective factors to determine the
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fair value of our common shares, including the following factors: (1) discount rate of 20.0%, (2) inflation rate of 4.5%, (3) dividend yield of 0.0% and (4) estimated EBITDA long-term growth of 17.0%.
For additional information regarding our Plan, see “Management—Compensation of Directors and Officers—2012 Share Plan.”
Provision for Tax, Civil and Labor Risks and Contingent Liabilities
Provisions for tax, civil and labor risks are recorded when we have a present obligation (legal or constructive) as a result of a past event, the amount of the obligation can be reliably estimated and it is probable that an outflow of resources embodying economic benefits will be required to settle the obligation.
We are a party to various lawsuits and administrative proceedings. The assessment of the likelihood of an unfavorable outcome in these lawsuits and proceedings includes the analysis of the evidence available, the hierarchy of the laws, available jurisprudence, and their importance to the relevant legal system, as well as the opinion of external legal counsel. Provisions are reviewed and adjusted to reflect changes in circumstances, such as applicable statutes of limitations, conclusions of tax audits or additional exposures identified based on new matters or court decisions.
Where it is not probable that a payment will be required, or the amount cannot be estimated reliably, the obligation is disclosed as a contingent liability, unless the probability of a payment is remote. Possible obligations, whose existence will only be confirmed by the occurrence or non-occurrence of one or more future events, are also disclosed as contingent liabilities, unless the probability of a payment is remote.
We are engaged in several legal proceedings, including civil, labor, tax and social security and other proceedings, for which we had established provisions in an aggregate amount of R$5.2 million, as of December 31, 2016. See “Business—Legal and Administrative Proceedings.”
Recent Accounting Pronouncements
For information about recent accounting pronouncements that will apply to us in the near future, see note 2.31 to our audited consolidated financial statements included elsewhere in this prospectus.
Public Company Cost
Upon the closing of our initial public offering, we will become a public company, and our shares of common stock will be publicly traded on the NYSE. As a result, we will need to comply with new laws, regulations and requirements that we did not need to comply with as a private company, including provisions of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act, other applicable SEC regulations and the requirements of the NYSE. Compliance with the requirements of being a public company will require us to increase our general and administrative expenses in order to pay our employees, legal counsel and independent registered public accountants to assist us in, among other things, instituting and monitoring a more comprehensive compliance and board governance function, establishing and maintaining internal control over financial reporting in accordance with Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act and preparing and distributing periodic public reports in compliance with our obligations under the federal securities laws. In addition, as a public company, it will be more expensive for us to obtain directors’ and officers’ liability insurance.
Jumpstart Our Business Startups Act of 2012
On April 5, 2012, the JOBS Act was signed into law. The JOBS Act contains provisions that, among other things, reduce certain reporting requirements for qualifying public companies. We are in the process of evaluating the benefits of relying on the other reduced reporting requirements provided by the JOBS Act. Subject
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to certain conditions set forth in the JOBS Act, if, as an “emerging growth company,” we choose to rely on such exemptions we may not be required to, among other things, provide an auditor’s attestation report on our system of internal controls over financial reporting pursuant to Section 404, and these exemptions will apply until we are no longer an “emerging growth company.” See “Risk Factors—Risks Related to our Business and Industry—If we fail to establish and maintain proper and effective internal control over financial reporting, our results of operations and our ability to operate our business may be harmed.”
Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk
We are exposed to the market risks described in “Risk Factors,” “Forward-Looking Statements” and elsewhere in this prospectus. We are also exposed to a variety of risks in the ordinary course of our business, including foreign currency exchange risk, interest rate risk, customer and credit risk and liquidity risk. We regularly assess each of these risks to minimize any adverse effects on our business as a result of those factors. For sensitivity analysis of our exposure to these risks, see note 18 to our audited consolidated financial statements included elsewhere in this prospectus.
Foreign Currency Exchange Risk
Our net sales are denominated in the functional currencies of the countries in which our operational subsidiaries are located. Accordingly, our receivables are generally not subject to foreign currency exchange risks.
In the ordinary course of business, our subsidiaries purchase goods from vendors in both local functional currency and foreign currencies (mainly U.S. dollars). Generally, when we purchase goods in foreign currencies, except as noted below, we enter into foreign currency forward exchange contracts in order to hedge our exposure to purchase commitments denominated in those currencies.
However, when our subsidiary in Argentina purchases certain goods from vendors in currencies other than its local functional currency, it does not enter into foreign currency forward exchange contracts given the current immateriality of our operations in this country and the financing costs involved in these types of transactions in Argentina. Consequently these purchase commitments are not hedged. As a result, we are exposed to foreign currency exchange risk to the extent there is fluctuation between the currencies in which these purchase commitments are made and the local functional currency of our subsidiary in Argentina.
Fluctuations in currency exchange rates may also generally impact our net sales and results of operations. See “Risk Factors—Risks Related to our Business and Industry—Our costs may change as a result of currency exchange rate fluctuations or inflation in the cost of merchandise manufactured and purchased abroad” and “Risk Factors—Risks Related to Doing Business in Brazil and the Rest of Latin America—We plan to continue expanding our international operations abroad. Inherent risks or developments in the international markets where we operate expose us to a number of risks, including risks beyond our control, and they could have an adverse effect on our financial condition and results of operations.”
Also, see note 18 to our audited consolidated financial statements for a sensitivity analysis of the impact of a hypothetical 10% appreciation or depreciation of foreign exchange rates to which we have exposure (mostly US$) in our income or (loss) before tax.
Inflation and Interest Rate Risk
Brazil and countries in Latin America in general, have historically experienced high rates of inflation. Inflationary pressures persist, and actions taken in an effort to curb inflation, coupled with public speculation about possible future governmental actions, have in the past contributed to economic uncertainty in Brazil and other Latin America countries and heightened volatility in the Latin America securities market. The inflation rate in Brazil, as reflected by the IPCA index was 6.41% in 2014, 10.67% in 2015 and 6.29% in 2016. Interest rates are highly sensitive to many factors, including fiscal and monetary policies to combat inflation and Brazilian and
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international economic and political considerations, as well as other factors beyond our control. See “Risk Factors—Risks Related to Doing Business in Brazil and the Rest of Latin America—Inflation and efforts by the Brazilian government to combat inflation may contribute significantly to economic uncertainty in Brazil and could have an adverse effect on us and the market price of our common shares.”
We have floating interest rate indebtedness, so we are exposed to interest rate risk as a result of changes in the level of interest rates and any increase in interest rates could negatively affect our results of operations and would increase the costs associated with financing our operations.
As of December 31, 2016, substantially all of our total indebtedness consisted of floating rate debt and was principally indexed to interest rate indexes such as the CDI and the Mexican Interbank Equilibrium Interest Rate, or TIIE.
Furthermore, our exposure to interest rate risk is also applicable to our cash and cash equivalents deposited in interest-bearing accounts which are indexed to the CDI, which can affect our results of operations and cash flows.
See note 18 to our audited consolidated financial statements for a sensitivity analysis of the impact of a hypothetical 50 basis point increase or decrease on the variable interest rate indexes of our floating rate indebtedness and cash and cash equivalents for the relevant twelve month period.
Customer and Credit Risk
We regularly monitor our trade accounts receivable and consider the risk of not collecting receivables from our customers as limited given the intrinsic nature of the methods we have adopted to receive payments from most of our customers (credit card and bank direct deposits). Substantially all of our past due receivables are related to disputes we have with our third-party couriers in connection with loss of or damage to products to be delivered to our customers. Historically, we have recovered a substantial amount of these past due receivables. As of December 31, 2016, we had past due receivables amounting to approximately R$18.1 million.
Liquidity Risk
We manage liquidity risk through the daily monitoring of our cash flows, control of financial assets and maturity of our liabilities, as well as maintaining a close relationship with financial institutions. Any additional cash in our activities not spent in operating and capital expenditure activities is invested into interest-bearing accounts and we choose investments with appropriate maturity and liquidity terms based on our cash flow estimates. Our liquidity is also dependent on factoring a portion of our trade accounts receivable and extending the payment terms of our trade accounts payable in connection with our reverse factoring arrangements. See “Liquidity and Capital Resources.”
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Overview
Our mission is to be the leading online consumer platform in Latin America. We are the leading sports and lifestyle online retailer in Latin America and one of the largest online retailers in the region, as measured by net sales. We operate in Brazil, Argentina, and Mexico and, since our launch, we have sold to more than 12.8 million customers across our sites (representing a 22.0% year-over-year growth from 2015), solidifying our position as one of the few scaled online retailers in Latin America and creating a foundation of audience, brand and capabilities on top of which we are building a digital ecosystem capable of delivering increasing and significant value to customers and partners in the future. Through our desktop and mobile websites and applications, which we refer to as our “sites,” we deliver our customers a convenient and intuitive online shopping experience across our two core brands, Netshoes and Zattini. We believe that Netshoes has become one of the most recognized brands by consumers, in Brazil and Argentina, among both online and offline sports retailers. We believe that Zattini, a site we launched in December 2014, is quickly becoming a leading online brand for fashion and beauty in Brazil in terms of consumer recognition.
We were founded in January 2000 by Marcio Kumruian and Hagop Chabab as a single physical shoe store in São Paulo, Brazil. In 2007, we closed our brick-and-mortar stores and shifted to an online business to reach more customers across Brazil. Since then, we have built on our initial success, expanding across geographies and brands. We have also selectively introduced new product categories, maintaining our core strategy of focusing on product verticals with higher margins that have short replacement cycles and are easy to ship.
Core to our success has been a relentless focus on delivering a superior customer experience across each of the countries in which we operate, including remote locations not typically served by traditional retailers. As one of the first companies in Latin America to provide online retail offerings, we have emphasized the importance of customer service, including introducing short delivery times (with same-day delivery in capital cities of each of the countries in which we operate and certain other densely populated areas in Brazil), free return shipping for the first return or exchange, one-click purchasing, secure payment options and post-sales support. We have also developed technology that personalizes the shopping experience for our customers, and our sites have advanced features including enhanced search capabilities, easy navigation, product recommendations and customized ordering. This core customer focus has driven customer loyalty, as demonstrated by our high repeat purchasing. In the year ended December 31, 2016, 74.5% of our total orders came from repeat customers.
Our sites are also optimized for mobile shopping, and to facilitate our customers’ access to our sites, we were the first Latin American eCommerce company to partner with local telecommunication service providers to offer customers with free access to the Internet from their mobile devices for such purposes. Despite Latin America’s relatively low smartphone penetration rate, in the year ended December 31, 2016, approximately 46.0% of total visits to our sites and 32.2% of the total orders placed by our active customers came from mobile devices (while in Brazil, mobile commerce accounted for 11.7% of eCommerce sales in 2015).
We are also a trusted partner and the go-to channel for the most important brands in sports and lifestyle retail in Brazil, Argentina and Mexico, and are increasingly establishing similar partnerships with fashion and beauty brands. We offer over 190,000 SKUs from over 500 brands, including Nike, Adidas, Mizuno, Tommy Hilfiger, Ralph Lauren and Lacoste and work closely with our suppliers to promote and protect their brands and help manage product selection. We believe we are one of the largest distribution channels for these brands in Brazil and Latin America. We have also begun to develop our private label brands to supplement our existing supplier relationships in key categories.
Our success in the region has been dependent on our consistent ability to build a solid infrastructure network to support our operations, as well as our scalable and customized logistics capabilities. We have created a highly automated picking, packing and inventory management system, built to efficiently handle the products in which we specialize — easy-to-ship items with high margins and short replacement cycles. Today, we have three
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automated distribution centers in Brazil, one in Argentina and one in Mexico. We have also establishedinnovative partnerships withover 35 local companies, across all of our operations, includingCorreios, the largestshipping provider in Brazil which has established shipping centers within our distribution centers to facilitate more efficient distribution.We are able to ship over one million orders a month, and on average, process the orders we receive within six hours after confirmation, achieving an on-time delivery rate of approximately 97.0% of total processed orders.
At the scale at which we operate, the combination of our customers, the brands we offer and infrastructure we have developed has resulted in powerful network effects, which we believe offer a significant competitive advantage. Our large and growing Latin America customer base has allowed us to attract and retain high quality brands, which in turn drives new and repeat customers. This has driven our growth and has allowed us to continually reinvest in and improve our product selection, technology and infrastructure while also driving significant cost efficiencies. These network effects are evident in our financial performance and scale. We also believe that these favorable network effects allow us to expand the reach of our sites to build the leading online consumer platform in Brazil and Latin America.
We have achieved the following significant milestones as of and for the year ended December 31, 2016:
• | 5.6 million active customers, an increase of 18.9% from the 4.7 million active customers we had as of December 31, 2015; |
• | 10.3 million total orders on our sites, an increase of 20.8% from the 8.5 million total orders for the year ended December 31, 2015; |
�� | • | 74.5% of our total orders were invoiced to repeat customers (which are customers who have previously purchased from us), an increase from 72.9% for the year ended December 31, 2015; |
• | 32.2% of our total orders were placed by customers on a mobile device, an increase from 20.2% for the year ended December 31, 2015; and |
• | In our Brazilian operations, positive cash flows from operations beginning in 2014 and positive EBITDA beginning in 2015. |
Also, for the years ended December 31, 2015 and 2016, we reported:
• | R$1,505.7 million and R$1,739.5 million in net sales, respectively, representing growth of 33.7% and 15.5% from 2014 and 2015, respectively; |
• | R$99.5 million and R$151.9 million in net loss, respectively, from R$144.4 million in net loss in 2014; and |
• | R$46.5 million and R$43.9 million in negative EBITDA, respectively, from R$100.0 million in negative EBITDA in 2014. |
For information on how we define and calculate active customers, total orders, total orders placed from mobile devices and EBITDA, and for a reconciliation of our non-IFRS figures to their IFRS equivalents, see the section of this prospectus captioned “ Selected Financial and Operating Data—Non IFRS Financial Measures.”
Our History
Our business has transformed substantially since 2000, when our founders Marcio Kumruian and Hagop Chabab opened a physical shoe store in São Paulo, Brazil. In 2001, while remaining focused on our brick-and-mortar store, we began selling online, targeting small businesses. In 2003, we started partnering with sports centers and gyms and established small, on-premise storefronts where customers of those sports centers or gyms could try our shoes and sporting equipment and place a customized order of those products through our website. Over the years, although our brick-and-mortar operations grew into nine vendor facilities by 2005, our
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experience led us to believe that eCommerce would represent a larger opportunity. In 2007, we closed our brick-and-mortar retail stores, shifted our focus to eCommerce retail and launched Netshoes.com, our online store specialized in sports and active lifestyle goods. Since then, we have expanded in the following ways:
Building Online Leadership.We invested heavily in our brand with the goal of developing the leading eCommerce sports footprint. In 2008, we began to manage the online stores of other sports brands and professional soccer clubs. In 2009, we received our first round of investments from financial investors and, with their support, grew our business to establish our market leadership and continue to improve our corporate governance and management structure.
Geographical Expansion.As we continued to grow in Brazil, we identified the opportunity to transfer our expertise across Latin America. Recognizing promising income, consumer purchasing habits and online penetration trends, we expanded our operations to Argentina and Mexico in 2011. With our leadership in Brazil, Argentina and Mexico, we now cover an estimated two-thirds of the gross domestic product, or GDP, in Latin America.
Brand and Vertical Diversification.In December 2014, leveraging the success of Netshoes and our existing infrastructure, we launched Zattini, an online store originally designed to offer fashion products to our Brazilian customers. In the short time since launching Zattini, we have served over 930,000 customers and delivered over 1.7 million orders. We have successfully introduced new categories of products over time, including beauty products to our Zattini offerings in 2016. We believe that Zattini is now the fastest growing online fashion and beauty site in Brazil, based on sales growth and for the year ended December 31, 2016, Zattini accounted for 11.5% of our online net sales in Brazil and 10.2% of our net sales on a consolidated basis. In addition, since November 2014, we began offering private label apparel across the Netshoes and Zattini platforms, and for the year ended December 31, 2016, the sales of those products accounted for 6.0% of our online net sales in Brazil and 5.4% of our net sales on a consolidated basis.
Traffic Monetization.More recently, we have begun to evaluate other ways to monetize our large customer base, and leverage our supplier relationships, technology and infrastructure. To this end, we have implemented additional products and services, such as creating a third-party marketplace, which increases the selection available to our customers, as well as launching financial services such as a co-branded credit card with a major Brazilian financial institution. We will continue to evaluate opportunities to add services to our digital ecosystem that tie consumers closer to our sites while maintaining our core customer experience. While we are still in the early stages of these initiatives, we believe that they have the potential to drive significant growth and increase customer loyalty going forward, enhancing Netshoes’ profitability.
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Our Competitive Strengths
We are the leading sports and lifestyle online retailer in Latin America and one of the largest online retailers in the region. Our specific regional knowledge has allowed us to compete against international eCommerce sites, and our technology has differentiated us from traditional retailers. We have achieved our leadership position as a result of the following core strengths:
High market share in a large and expanding total addressable market.We benefit from our early mover advantage in Latin American eCommerce, which has allowed us to capture what we believe is a significant market share and achieve a leadership position in a large addressable market. We have operated for over fifteen years in Brazil and approximately five years in Argentina and Mexico, which we believe provides us with deep knowledge of the local culture, customer preferences, buying trends and regional infrastructure. As our market continues to expand through increased online and mobile penetration, a growing middle class, continuous focus on active lifestyles, and an increased consumer willingness to shop online, we believe that we are and will continue to be well-positioned as a leading established player to benefit from these macro-economic trends.
Focus on attractive verticals driving high operating leverage.We believe the lifestyle verticals in which we specialize are particularly suited for distribution online due to the following factors: (1) the vast inventory selection, benefitting customers by providing them with access to varied products in one place; (2) the lightweight nature of most of the products we offer, which makes them easy to ship and drives fast delivery speeds at significant volumes; (3) the high gross margin of these retail categories; and (4) the need for consistent replacement (compared to, for example, household appliances and electronics), which drives repetitive customer buying behavior. Our focus on these verticals has resulted in over 30.0% gross margins (defined as gross profit divided by net sales), including the cost of shipping, for the last three years, which provides substantial operating leverage as we continue to invest in additional parts of our business. As a result, we have achieved positive operating cash flow in our most mature market, Brazil, on an annual basis since 2014.
Recognized and trusted brand for customers and partners.We have built a strong brand over the last 15 years as demonstrated by our significant scale, with 18.3 million registered members and 5.6 million active customers as of December 31, 2016 purchasing from the over 500 brands we offer (160 of which are available on our Zattini site, launched in December 2014). We engage with our customers both on and off our sites, and we have over 10.0 million Facebook fans. We believe we have also forged deep and trusted relationships with our partners, whose products we offer on our sites and for whom we manage branded online stores. Our presence across the three largest economies in Latin America in terms of GDP, with a customer interface andback-end infrastructure built on our cultural and geographic expertise, has provided access for many of our partners to an otherwisedifficult-to-reach demographic.
A superior customer experience, resulting in strong customer loyalty.Through our eCommerce model and our expanding vertical presence, our mission is to become the leading online consumer platform in Latin America. We offer our customers a reliable and convenient online shopping experience with a wide selection of over 190,000 SKUs, visually inspiring browsing, compelling merchandise, easy product discovery, attractive prices and various shipping options. Additionally, we offer our customers the ability to customize officially licensed merchandise from leading sporting brands. We also provide our customers free return shipping for the first return or exchange and the ability to process an exchange or return directly on our platforms. As we continue to add new customers in larger monthly numbers, existing customers continue to purchase from our sites at a consistent rate. In the year ended December 31, 2016, 74.5% of our total orders came from repeat customers. As a result of our focus on customer service, we are one of the best-in-class service providers as recognized by major Brazilian consumer complaint and recommendation websites such asReclameaqui andElogieaki (Você S/A) and in 2015 we were awarded byElogieaki as “one of the most acclaimed companies in Brazil.”
Differentiated logistics and technology capabilities. We have invested in and built logistics capabilities, and innovative technology that is customized to our verticals and regions. Our highly automated picking, packing and inventory management systems have enabled us to achieve high order accuracy and delivery speed at
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significant volumes. On average, we are able to process the purchase orders placed by our customers within six hours after they are confirmed. Our technology is also highly scalable—we are able to process approximately 105,000 orders per day during our peak holiday season compared to an average of 35,000 orders per day in 2015. We have also assembled a team of over 290 dedicated technology professionals who have built a sophisticated platform that enables transactions across three countries, multiple languages and devices.
Visionary founder and management team.We have built a culture of data-driven decision making, operational discipline and an unwavering focus on customer service. Our culture flows from our co-founder and CEO, Marcio Kumruian, who brings substantial industry expertise and led our shift to an online retailer, and from our experience as an early mover in the technology industry in the region. We believe our management team is well positioned to execute our long term growth strategy. This corporate culture has contributed to our ability to win multiple awards, including “One of the Ten Most Innovative Businesses in Brazil” fromForbes Magazine in June 2015, and allows us to attract and retain best-in-class talent to our offices across the region.
Our Strategy
Our goal is to continue differentiating ourselves as the leading online consumer platform in Latin America. As we have done in the past, we plan to both grow our core business and expand our operations into attractive opportunities while maintaining our relentless focus on delivering a superior consumer experience. As we continue to scale, we are focused on growing in an efficient way that we expect will result in increased profitability for our business, including by launching new initiatives that are specifically focused on delivering increased revenue at higher margins. Specifically, we plan to:
Acquire new customers through increased traffic and conversion.We believe that there is significant room to further grow the customer base for our sites. We are well-positioned to benefit both from the expected industry shift to online retail, and from continuing to refine our marketing efforts to draw new consumers to our sites and then convert those consumers to active customers. We continually test new marketing channels and campaigns, measuring the returns on these campaigns, including building higher brand recognition for Zattini, which we launched more recently. We continually A/B test methods of customer acquisition and conversion by deploying new versions of the site several times a day.
Increase the monetization of our existing traffic through enhancing customer loyalty.Collectively, as of December 31, 2016, our sites had 18.3 million registered members, of which 5.6 million were active customers, compared to 15.1 million registered members as of December 31, 2015 and 12.2 million as of December 31, 2014. We believe that we can continue to drive increased monetization of our traffic, growing our sales through more frequent repeat purchasing and higher customer retention. We are consistently investing in data collection and analysis to more effectively market products and personalize our sites for each individual customer. We have also introduced and will continue to offer new products and services that tie our customers more closely to our sites. For example, we launched NCard — our co-branded credit card with Banco Itaú S.A — in April 2016, which offers exclusive benefits to users and in turn allows us to learn more about our customers’ spending habits as a result of their additional engagement with our sites. While still in its early stages, we have found that NCard users purchase from our sites at much more frequent rates than our average customers do.
Introduce new products in attractive verticals.We have found that by introducing new products in verticals with short replacement cycles and that are easy to ship, we have been able to both attract new customers to our sites and increase purchases by existing customers, thereby continuously expanding our addressable market. For example, for the year ended December 31, 2016, approximately 55.6% of Zattini customers in Brazil were originally Netshoes customers and about 44.4% were new customers. We have also successfully launched new product categories within each of our sites, and will continue to do so in a targeted way that grows our lifestyle brand while preserving higher margins on our sales. For example, we also will continue to invest in private label brands in verticals that have high customer price elasticity and margin potential, which help expand our profitability. For the year ended December 31, 2016, our six private label brands accounted for 6.0% of our online net sales in Brazil and 5.4% of our net sales on a consolidated basis, and ranked third on our platform on a combined basis.
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Online Marketplace. In February 2016, we launched our online third-party marketplace across all of our sites. To date, we have attracted 336 qualified third-party B2C vendors to our sites. While in its early stages, we believe that the marketplace offers a significant opportunity to introduce increased product variety, particularly in less popular categories with lower demand, and scale new categories more quickly. Using a marketplace model, we are also able to take advantage of our existing infrastructure and cost base to generate incremental high-margin returns while not having to hold inventories (or record associated costs) and positively impacting our working capital requirements.
Expansion of our business into a consumer and services platform. We believe we have the opportunity to take advantage of the scale of our core business and our existing and large customer base, and leverage our technology and infrastructure to build a digital ecosystem capable of delivering increasing and significant value to customers and partners. We intend to build this platform on the foundation as a leading sports and lifestyle eCommerce destination. This platform includes our recently launched NCard, a consumer finance solution, and B2B logistics solutions. In addition, in November 2016, we started offering a mobile application relating to activity tracking, which closely aligns with our sports and lifestyle brand. Our expansion into new verticals such as fashion and beauty and the recent launch of our online marketplace is evidence of our ability to further develop into adjacent online businesses, which we believe will generate long-term growth and value to our consumers.
Replicate the success of our Brazil business in Argentina and Mexico.We benefit from the ability to transfer the learnings and successes of our more mature Brazil operations, which have already achieved positive operating cash flow, to our emerging Argentina and Mexico businesses. Beginning in 2011, we launched our first two international sites, with a small team based in Argentina and another in Mexico, and since then we have achieved significant growth. We have distribution centers strategically located near each of their respective capital cities, Buenos Aires and Mexico City. We also have the ability to leverage our technology infrastructure in Brazil to grow our Argentina and Mexico businesses. For the years ended December 31, 2015 and 2016, our non-Brazil, Latin America operations accounted for 13.3% and 10.6% of our total net sales, respectively. We believe that there is significant growth and profitability remaining in these businesses as they continue to scale and as we introduce brands and products such as Zattini to those markets.
Our Industry
We believe eCommerce is becoming the universal solution for consumers to access products, anytime, anywhere.
In Latin America in particular, eCommerce presents a significant opportunity, with a number of factors supporting its expansion: increasing online penetration and mobile adoption, the emergence of new payment methods, and better network and logistics infrastructure, amongst others.
Additionally, despite recent macroeconomic volatility in certain countries such as Brazil and Argentina, eCommerce in Latin America has grown at an attractive CAGR of 27.9% from 2012 to 2015, according to eMarketer. In the mid- to long-term, we expect strong macro tailwinds due to an expanding middle class, increased disposable income, and reduced unemployment and interest rates, among others.
Overview of our market and the opportunity
Large and growing online audience in Latin America and Brazil
• | Latin America has the third largest online audience in the world. Internet penetration is rapidly growing in Latin America with 378 million Internet users as of June 30, 2016, representing 62.3% penetration in the region, according to Internet World Stats. According to eMarketer, the number of Internet users in Latin America grew at an 11.5% CAGR from 2010 to 2015, almost four times the |
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growth in the United States at 3.1%, which had an online penetration of 88.6% as of June 30, 2016. Additionally, network infrastructure in Latin America continues to improve, driving higher levels of Internet penetration which is expected to reach 61.0% by 2019. |
• | Brazil alone has the fourth largest online audience in the world. As of June 30, 2016, Brazil had 139 million Internet users (representing a 67.5% penetration in the country). According to eMarketer, the portion of Brazil’s population that is connected to the Internet is expected to grow at a 3.1% CAGR between 2015 and 2019, compared to 1.6% for the United States, which had 287 million Internet users as of June 30, 2016. |
Our market verticals, in particular, represent a large opportunity, driven by an increased use of technology
• | Sports, fashion and beauty represent a significant opportunity in Latin America. We operate in the sports, fashion and beauty categories, which represent a significant opportunity in the countries where we are present. For instance, in Brazil, our largest operation, these categories represented 28% of the country’s total online sales in 2015, which reached US$3.8 billion, according to e-Bit and eMarketer. These categories reached US$8.3 billion in online sales in Latin America in 2015. |
• | Online retail penetration is low, but accelerating. With only 2.2% share of the total retail market in 2015, eCommerce in Brazil has significant potential vis-à-vis developed economies such as the United States, at a 7.3% market share, according to eMarketer. Broader Latin America offers higher potential given an even lower eCommerce market share as a percentage of the total retail market, at 1.6% during the same year (representing approximately US$30 billion against a total retail market of US$1,828 billion). Total eCommerce in Latin America is expected to reach US$64.4 billion by 2019, representing a 21.2% CAGR since 2015. In Brazil, Argentina and Mexico in particular, online retail penetration (as a percentage of total retail sales) is expected to reach 3.3%, 3.2% and 2.2%, respectively, in 2019. Also, we believe we are well-positioned to take advantage of the popularity of the verticals we sell. In 2016, beauty, fashion and sporting goods, together with clothing and shoes, were among the most popular online searches for retail verticals in Brazil. |
• | New technology-enabled business models empowering online consumption. We believe the continued evolution of both web and mobile technology is enabling the emergence of new business models that better address customer needs. These new business models are creating new and innovative ways to interact more closely with consumers, providing them with access to a larger assortment of goods, and higher levels of service and convenience that were previously not achievable. We believe that consumers now have access to more brands and more retail channels than ever before, and brands are in turn increasingly using online retail channels to gain access to a broader set of consumers. |
Mobile becoming more prevalent and rapidly gaining share in eCommerce
• | Mobile adoption is high and rapidly growing. Mobile devices have achieved rapid adoption in Latin America, with rates of 63.8% in Brazil and 65.0% in Latin America as a whole for the year ended 2015, according to eMarketer. During 2015, smartphone users represented, on average, 41.6% of the population using mobile devices in Brazil, and 40.7% in Latin America. According to BMI Research, as 3G/4G and network infrastructure continues to improve, population coverage in Latin America is expected to reach 73.5% by 2020, increasing from 48.7% in 2015, driving higher levels of smartphone penetration. |
• | Mobile commerce is growing and gaining share. The growth and proliferation of smartphones and tablets has made mobile commerce one of the fastest growing retail channels in Brazil and all of Latin America. Based on data from eMarketer, in Brazil, mobile commerce accounted for 11.7% of eCommerce sales in 2015, increasing from 1.9% in 2012, but still low compared to 25.6% in the United States in 2015. Other major economies, such as Argentina and Mexico, provide further upside for |
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mobile commerce, as mobile commerce accounted for approximately 10.1% and 15.2% of eCommerce sales in 2015, respectively, according to eMarketer. |
Greater focus on sports, apparel, accessories, footwear, fashion and beauty, which are the most attractive categories in online retail
• | Increasing focus on active lifestyles and sports, resulting in a very attractive business opportunity. We believe that there has been an increased focus on education and health in Latin America, which is translating into more active lifestyles and participation in sports. While soccer remains the most popular sport in Latin America, other sports including running, volleyball, mixed martial arts, basketball, tennis and motor sports have become increasingly popular. We believe that the Olympic Games that took place in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil in the summer of 2016 has further increased the exposure and interest in sports across Latin America. Overall, we believe that sports are a very attractive category to operate in. |
• | Sports, fashion, beauty and footwear are among the retail categories with the highest gross margins in the retail sector. Sporting goods, clothing, beauty and footwear retailers have some of the highest gross margins among retail businesses in the United States, with 43.3% gross margin on average compared to 34.1% gross margin for household appliances and 20.0% for electronics, a trend which we believe also applies to Latin America. |
• | Short replacement cycles. We believe that these retail categories are highly attractive due to their relatively short replacement cycles compared to other product categories. For instance, in the United States, according to Claims Pages, sneakers and clothes have on average 1 and 4 years of useful life, respectively, compared to 15 years for houseware and electronics. As a result, there are opportunities for recurring purchases of these goods. In addition, by having shorter replacement cycles, these product categories have higher inventory turnover, which in turn leads to lower inventory levels and capital requirements. |
Dynamics in Latin America eCommerce
Unique dynamics driving eCommerce adoption
• | Low but growing penetration of credit cards and evolution of online payment methods. According to the Brazilian Central Bank and Statista, as of 2015, personal credit card penetration in Brazil reached 79.5% compared to 131.1% in the United States. In addition, other payment alternatives have emerged in Brazil as well as in broader Latin America, such as Pagoseguro, PayPal and MercadoPago, among other alternatives. We believe the emergence of these payment alternatives, along with the increasing penetration of credit cards, is driving the adoption of online payments and enabling more consumers to transact online securely. |
• | Prevalence of installment payments as widely preferred method in Brazil. According to e-Bit, over 60% of eCommerce payments in Brazil were made with extended payment terms during 2015. As a result, the ability to manage net working capital dynamics through the asymmetric payment cycle is an important local expertise needed to operate in the Brazilian market. |
• | Increasing trust and confidence in online retailers. In the past, online retailing in Latin America suffered from consumer lack of confidence due to a lack of secure payment options and low visibility in the delivery of products, among other factors. However, we believe that the emergence of more secure online payment methods, coupled with the higher reliability of mail networks for delivery, is making consumers more confident in purchasing through online retailers, particularly for small-volume goods. |
• | eCommerce as a unique solution to a geographically disperse universe of customers. We believe eCommerce is particularly well suited to Latin America and Brazil. With expanding and geographically |
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dispersed populations,brick-and-mortar retailers have difficulties in serving a large portion of consumers in Latin America.Brick-and-mortar retailers tend to concentrate in specific cities or regions, leaving large percentages of the population without convenient access to their products. For this reason, we believe that eCommerce provides a unique solution to consumers who are looking to access a variety of goods from various brands, irrespective of their location. |
Our Competition
eCommerce in Latin America includes a number of local players and a few global companies focused on a wide variety of categories. Based on management’s experience in, and knowledge of, the industry, we do not believe we have a relevant direct competitor in the eCommerce sports category in the region, where we are the leader in Brazil, and while we face competition in our fashion and beauty categories, in just one year of operation we believe we have become a clear contender for the market leader in Brazil. Our current or potential competitors include the following:
• | Brick-and-mortar stores: We face competition from brick-and-mortar retailers specialized in sporting goods, fashion and beauty and general brick-and-mortar retailers, some of which currently also sell, or in the future may sell, their products online. Based on management’s experience in, and knowledge of, the industry, we believe that most existing brick and mortar retail players in Latin America have limited eCommerce presence and are often focused on specific categories which, in general, are not core to us; such as electronics and household appliances. We believe that most retailers’ constraint to physical locations results in limited product offerings and restricts their operations to narrower geographies. In summary, we believe, based on management’s experience in, and knowledge of, the industry, that the nature of the eCommerce platforms developed by most brick-and-mortar stores is more of a complementary service rather than a priority for their business. Our platform, on the other hand, provides a unique solution to customers and focuses on more attractive product categories with a team of professionals solely dedicated to delivering a best-in-class customer service; and |
• | Pure-play eCommerce players: We face competition from (a) other B2C eCommerce retailers; (b) retailers and other sellers that conduct commerce through online marketplaces; and (c) a number of indirect competitors, including Internet portals and Internet search engines that are involved in online commerce, either directly or in collaboration with other retailers. We believe that, based on management’s experience in, and knowledge of, the industry, pure-play sports eCommerce players are fragmented within the region with no company having achieved scale other than us. Moreover, no consolidation strategy has been deployed by any local or global player. |
We believe our 19.1% growth in consolidated net sales for the year ended December 31, 2016 was above the average of retail industries in Brazil. According to Euromonitor International, in 2016 the total retail market in Brazil grew by 4.4%, the internet retail market in Brazil grew by 8.0% and the market for pure play internet retailers in Brazil grew by 8.3%.
Our Customers
With 5.6 million active customers as of December 31, 2016, a highly recognized consumer brand and a large selection of verticals and products, we attract a highly diversified customer base as measured across multiple attributes: gender, age and income. In particular, the launch of Zattini in December 2014, with new categories such as fashion and beauty, introduced our sites to a larger number of women and, for the year ended December 31, 2016, women represented 39.1% of our customer base (versus 36.7% in 2015 and 32.0% in 2014). The launch of Zattini has also helped create a cycle where Netshoes customers are expanding into Zattini and Zattini is bringing a new customer base onto the Netshoes platform. For example, for the year ended December 31, 2016, approximately 55.6% of Zattini customers in Brazil were originally Netshoes customers.
Our customer base is also diversified in terms of age, income and geographic dispersion. As of December 31, 2016, our customer base was comprised of 27.3% customers under 25 years of age, 36.2%
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between 26 and 35 years, 22.5% between 36 and 45 years and 14.1% over 45 years of age, showing no significant concentration within any specific age group. In addition, our customer base spans across all levels of income, from low- (54%) to middle- (33%) and high-end customers (13%). Our customers are distributed nationwide in the countries where we operate and our solid infrastructure network allows us to reach customers in all zip codes of Brazil, Argentina and Mexico.
In order to improve traffic, attract more customers to our sites and increase conversion rates, we actively use data analytics and other technology tools. The insights collected from our customers’ engagement with our sites and marketing are used to improve customer experience, enhance conversion, and increase repeat purchases by further personalizing marketing and communication campaigns. Given our practice to analyze consumer behavior and engagement with our sites (including browsing and purchasing activities), we believe we are in a better position than brick-and-mortar stores to predict and react to any changes in consumer demand and shopping patterns and to recommend to our customers specific products that might be of interest to them based on their behavior.
Our Partner Suppliers
We are a trusted partner for the most important brands in the sports and lifestyle retail industry in Latin America, with a network of partner suppliers spanning over 500 brands, including Nike, Adidas, Mizuno, Tommy Hilfiger, Ralph Lauren and Lacoste. We are the go-to-channel for global sports brands to reach customers in Brazil, Argentina and Mexico, and we are increasingly establishing similar partnerships with fashion and beauty brands.
Different from many of our competitors whose operations rely on a smaller number of suppliers, our diversified network of partner suppliers allows us to offer our customers a comprehensive product portfolio while reducing operational risk and dependency on specific suppliers. For the year ended December 31, 2016, our top 10 partner suppliers represented 47.8% of our net sales, as compared to 53.4% for the year ended December 31, 2015. As of December 31, 2016, we had expanded our sporting and lifestyle product offerings to more than 190,000 SKUs compared to approximately 111,000 SKUs as of December 31, 2014, reflecting our diversified product offerings achieved through broadening our network of partner suppliers.
In order to continuously improve our relationship with partner suppliers, further developing brand recognition and streamlining processes, we have a fully dedicated team responsible for the constant management and evaluation of our partner suppliers. The results of these measurements are periodically shared with our partner suppliers in an effort to promote higher efficiency and profitability.
Our Private Labels
In November 2014, we began offering private label sports brands on the Netshoes site, and in 2016, we started to offer private label brands on our fashion and beauty site, Zattini. Our private label brands span product categories in which we believe we can compete to provide online shoppers lower cost, high quality options. Our private label products are higher margin items and our six brands cover the majority of the categories we currently offer. Private label is a key part of our future strategy and we plan to continue investing in the growth of this aspect of our business. For the year ended December 31, 2016, the sales of private label products accounted for 6.0% of the net sales of our online operations in Brazil and for 5.4% of our net sales on a consolidated basis.
Gonew, our first private label brand was created in September 2014 and today is our third largest brand in terms of net sales, currently selling over 1,700 SKUs within the sports apparel, equipment and footwear categories. We also have private labels such as “Mood,” “Burn” and “Treebo” covering apparel, equipment and footwear for Surfing & Skating activities and other casual shoes and clothes. In June 2016 we launched a new private label brand called “Zeep!”, designed to offer shoes and clothes for kids. We outsource the production of 100% of our private label products from qualified national and international third-party suppliers.
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Our Sites
We currently operate under two primary brands: Netshoes and Zattini. Although we connect the brands through cross promotional links and the user interface of our sites, each brand has a unique identity and product set to cater to specific consumer tastes, styles and purchasing goals. Across our brands and sites, we offer the same personalized shopping and rich product selection for which we are known, focusing on delivering an intuitive online experience for all consumers regardless of the brand with which they engage.
Netshoes:Netshoes was our first to market brand and is the leading sporting goods retailer in the region. Our website offers consumers a superior and personalized shopping experience for sporting and active lifestyle products and features a user-friendly and intuitive interface designed to allow users to conveniently search for, find, compare and purchase sporting and active lifestyle goods. We are the one stop shop for consumers across sporting goods and active lifestyle products and we operate this business through our websites www.netshoes.com.br, www.netshoes.com.mx and www.netshoes.com.ar.
Currently we offer our customers a wide selection of athletic shoes, jerseys, apparel, accessories and sporting equipment from leading international and local brands, including Nike, Under Armour, Adidas, Puma, Mizuno, Asics, Umbro, New Balance, Olympikus, Fila, Wilson, Topper, Oakley, Timberland and Reebok. In addition, we have licenses to sell a number of exclusive products from brands such as Kappa, Pretorian, Disney, Camaro and Corvette and private label offerings. We also offer personalized products, such as jerseys, footwear and bicycles, where customers can print or engrave words or images on the item. We were the first large scale Brazilian retailer to offer personalized products from Nike, Puma and Adidas online.
Zattini:Launched in December 2014, Zattini is the fastest growing fashion and beauty site in Brazil. Our website offers consumers a superior and personalized shopping experience for fashion and beauty products such as shoes, clothes, accessories, fragrances and hair care products, and features a user-friendly and intuitive interface similar to our Netshoes sites. We offer over 160 leading international and local brands (including, among others, Calvin Klein, Revlon, Shiseido, Maybelline, L’Oreal, Joico, Dolce & Gabbana and Carolina Herrera) and, to capitalize on consumer openness to private label in apparel, in February 2016, we acquired Shoestock, a strong fashion brand in Brazil. Zattini is currently only in Brazil, and we operate this business through our websites www.zattini.com and www.zattini.com.br. As of December 31, 2016, our Zattini platform had over 80,000 SKUs offered to our customers.
The Features of Our Sites
Our sites consist of desktop websites and our mobile websites and applications. We designed our sites to be customer friendly, visually appealing, stable, secure and responsive to customers’ preferences. We manage our desktop sites, mobile websites and mobile applications differently, each optimized for the screens they fit and the way our customers use them.
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We are focused on providing consumers the most user-friendly and efficient way to find products that meet their needs and preferences. The central part of our home page is the search tool, where consumers can type in product keywords or brands to search for specific products in our merchandise database. Relevant listings, pictures and custom editorial content are also placed throughout the site.
Mobile access is a key component of our long-term strategy and we have made significant investments in our mobile functionality. Our mobile website and applications were custom built for our unique needs and are powered by the same core platform that powers our eCommerce sites. mCommerce has grown on our sites as a result of the continued success of our applications, increasing mobile penetration and the launch of programs such as our partnership with local telecommunication service providers to offer free access to the Internet from mobile devices when accessing our sites.
Browsing: Our sites provide users with detailed product information, including a description, rich media images, typically with multiple pictures from different angles, size and color availabilities, sizing charts and customer reviews of products. In addition, for our Netshoes sites, our customers have access to the following features that were designed to optimize their browsing experience: (a) Shop by Sport, (b) Shop by Brand, (c) Special Stores, which allows users to browse certain specialized product categories, such as UFC, Nike Soccer, Nike Basketball, Nike Running, Adidas Soccer and Adidas Original, among others and (d) Super Discount, which allows users to find products with promotions and discounts.
For Zattini, our customers have access to the following features that were designed to optimize their browsing experience: (a) Shop by Gender, (b) Shop by Brand, (c) Beauty Products and (d) Super Discount.
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Our sites use algorithms across many dimensions, including visits, product margin, revenue and available inventory, to optimize product sorting and search results to rank relevance and test the optimal results for specific customers.
Site Personalization:We offer a personalized eCommerce experience through product recommendations by enabling our users to build online shopper profiles reflecting their preferences and interests and by tracking users’ browsing and purchase history. Each of our customers has a user name and password, which allows him or her to track order status and previous purchases. Prior to logging into their accounts, our system can typically customize the initial landing page for our customers by reviewing their browsing records. In addition, we analyze each customer’s purchase patterns and send personalized e-mails to our registered members periodically. Our e-mails update our customers on new product arrivals, tailored promotions and other related items that might be of interest based on their preferences.
Product Reviews:We now have a solid customer review database, which helps customers find the right product for their needs and our merchandising team in its buying decisions. Our customers are generally engaged in writing reviews on our website, and for the year ended December 31, 2016, we registered more than 400,000 new reviews of products on our sites.
Our Additional Sources of Revenues
A portion of our net sales is generated from sources other than product sales effected by us directly from our Netshoes and Zattini sites. These sources include our services to customers through our marketplace, NCard and lifestyle applications, as well as products sold through partner-hosted sites and our B2B operations. These sources allow us to continue to reach a broader consumer base, help us build our brand, improve customer loyalty to the platform and drive incremental net sales.
Online Marketplace: Our marketplace enables customers to purchase products from a multitude ofthird-party qualified B2C vendors through a seamless purchase experience on our sites. In February 2016, we launched a marketplace service to supplement our direct sales site. Our marketplace collects product photos and merchandise from approved sellers and showcases them on our platform to supplement products we have in inventory. We have focused the marketplace on helping extend our product offering into merchandise for which it is not economical to hold inventory. For example, when a customer searches for a baseball bat and gloves, we can show products from an approved seller, and we leverage our platform for checkout and reviews.
NCard: In partnership with Banco Itaú S.A., a major Brazilian financial institution, we offer consumers an International MasterCard on par with credit cards readily available in Brazil. NCards also provide special loyalty rewards and benefits for our customers, which we believe improve customer loyalty. Customers using their NCards receive 10% off throughout most of our sites, personalized birthday gifts and free customization on products throughout our sites. Although the NCard is in the early stages, we have found that NCard holders visit our sites more often than our average customer, driving their annual purchase value higher.
Partner-Branded Stores: In addition to offering merchandise through our sites, we offer and deliver merchandise to our customers through a number of partner-branded store sites managed by us. These include the online Ultimate Fighting Championship, or UFC, store for Brazil and the sub-home of the National Basketball Association, or NBA, within our site in Brazil; the Brazilian online stores of multiple global and local brands including Puma and Chivas, and the online stores of major Brazilian soccer clubs including Corinthians, São Paulo, Palmeiras, Santos, Internacional, Vasco da Gama, Cruzeiro and Sport. As of December 31, 2016, we managed 20 partner-branded stores.
B2B Operations:As a result of our solid infrastructure network and logistics capabilities, we have also begun to engage in B2B operations. Since January 2016, we have the exclusive license to sell and distribute Midway Labs USA nutrition supplements and vitamins in Brazil. In the year ended December 31, 2016, we sold and distributed such products to over 105 drugstores and supermarkets in Brazil.
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Lifestyle Applications:In November 2016, we started offering a lifestyle application, Sou run, which targets to Latin American consumers and is connected to our Netshoes platform. It offers three types of subscription options that provides guidance to users’ on developing running programs. With input from dedicated health professionals, it offers customized training programs for different goals, from losing weight to running half marathons.
We continuously analyze the possibility of developing new adjacent businesses, which we believe could generatelong-term growth and value to our consumers.
Our Customer Service
As a result of our efforts to deliver a superior customer experience, we have been widely recognized by our customers and the industry. We have been awarded several prizes, including: the E-award Prize – Best Customer Service (Braspag, 2015 and 2016) and, Modern Consumer Award in Customer Excellence – Company that Most Respects its Customers (Grupo Padrão, 2013 and 2015).
On a monthly basis, we monitor our clients’ shopping experience by measuring Net Promoter Score, or NPS, a widely known survey methodology used to capture customers’ overall satisfaction. For the year ended December 31, 2016, on a survey made by IBOPE DTM, awell-known marketing research company in Brazil, Netshoes was ranked first in NPS among the 34 mostwell-known e-commerce retailers operating in Brazil, with a 71.7 score, and Zattini was ranked third with a 64.5 score (against an average of 54.0). High NPS scores are recognized by the industry as having strong correlation with higher client repurchase rates and positive referrals.
A key element of our sales strategy is our ability to provide our users with a high level of customer service and support. We believe our rapid growth has been driven in part by our excellence in customer service. By helping consumers navigate our sites, answering their questions and completing their orders, our team helps us to continue building trust with consumers, enhance our reputation and drive sales.
We provide our customers with an array of online self-service features including the ability to track orders and shipment status, review estimated delivery dates, cancel unshipped items, change delivery information and process exchanges or returns. We also respond to 99% of emails sent to our customer service desk within 24 hours, and we are continuing to reduce our contact per order as we implement electronic systems that answer the most frequent questions in our region – delivery timing and order completion.
Our customers can contact our customer service representatives through real-time online chat, our customer service e-mail address or our customer service hotline. As of December 31, 2016, our customer service department had more than 580 in-house employees empowered to keep our customers happy and satisfied. Our decision to have all of our customer service professionals in-house was driven by our relentless focus on customer experience.
We maintain service quality by placing emphasis on selecting personnel carefully and regularly monitoring the performance of our employees. Our employees are trained to have in-depth product knowledge, professional service attitudes and communication skills to best address customer needs and inquiries. Each of our new customer service employees is required to complete a rigorous training program for more than 12 days followed by working alongside a senior customer service professional for one month before having their first direct contact with a customer.
In addition, while we offer our customers the ability to return items, we benefit from low return rates as compared to similar retailers in the United States due to cultural norms and more limited credit availability.
Sales & Marketing
Our sales and marketing efforts are focused on driving organic traffic to our sites and increasing the monetization of our existing traffic. Given that Netshoes is one of the most recognizable brands in the region, we
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have focused on performance marketing for this site to drive measurable customer acquisition. For Zattini, given its early stage, we continue to focus on growing brand awareness as well as performance marketing. We aim to maintain the right balance between marketing across brand-building channels and performance-based customer acquisition strategies.
Our Sales & Marketing is integrated with our business strategy and supported by our technology development efforts. We evaluate each of our marketing initiatives for its return on investment and performance versus our business objectives. Although some of the visitors to our sites make purchases when they first register, we have noticed that visitors may register to receive our emails and “push” communications months before they make their first purchase. We consider 5.5 million (or approximately one-third) of our users to be Prospects (i.e., registered users who have not made purchases yet), and we believe an opportunity exists to convert them to customers. A portion of our marketing spend is meant to target these visitors for whom the conversion to purchasing comes after we have built a substantial relationship with them through regular contact and outreach over time. We also benefit from the breadth of our platform as purchasers often first engage on either Netshoes or Zattini and then move over to the other site. This means we can acquire a member once for either site and benefit continuously across both sites.
Due to our market leadership in the region, we have pioneered many new regional marketing programs with third parties, such as Facebook, Google and Criteo, which allow us to deepen our knowledge about online consumer behavior and, consequently, results in a better shopping experience for our customers. We constantly share data analytics about our respective experiences with digital consumers in order to take advantage of new latent opportunities related to our markets.
We acquire new email-registered members through a diverse set of paid and unpaid marketing channels. Our paid advertising efforts include search engine marketing, display advertising, paid social media, affiliate channels and specific offline marketing channels (such as television ads). Our non-paid advertising efforts include search engine optimization, non-paid social media, mobile “Push” notifications, customer referrals and email. Upon acquiring a customer or a potential customer’s email address, we focus on how to increase their engagement with our platform and drive consistent repeat purchases. This effort to increase engagement and repeat purchasing is primarily accomplished by providing consistent customer service and email marketing efforts. We consistently track our member base across their current activity status—Prospect (as defined above), New Purchaser (customers whose first online purchases with us were in the preceding month prior to the relevant dates), Active (customers who made purchases online with us during the preceding twelve months prior to the relevant dates), Inactive (customers who made purchases online with us between thirteen and twenty four months prior to the relevant date the relevant dates) and Churn (customers who have not made purchases online with us for more than twenty four months prior to the relevant dates)—and we focus on engaging or reengaging each member depending on their current status.
Our Technology
We are proud of our technology leadership in Brazil and Latin America and were awarded the Sales Innovator of the Year Award in 2016 by eCommerce Brasil. As one of the first online retailers in the region, we have adopted a technology-forward and data-driven approach to all aspects of our business.
We use our technology platform to improve the experience of our customers, increase the purchase frequency and average order size placed by our customers and optimize the efficiency of our business operations. We have successfully built an innovative technology culture that is unique in our geography and enables us to attract and retain some of the best technological minds in Latin America. We employ over 290 dedicated technology professionals and our research and development is centralized in São Paulo.
We have organized our technology team into 15 small, nimble and autonomous squads that tackle problems across each of our sites. Our squads are aligned with business goals, such as improving conversion and revenue
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per visit. Our technology team adopts a continuous improvement, high-frequency testing approach to our business, aimed at improving both traffic and conversion rates. Our site updates several times a day with changing imagery, product descriptions and inventory, based on updated revenue and margin targets. These constant site refreshes also allow our technology professionals to A/B test multiple site features over the course of each day.
Our platform is engineered to provide a personalized experience to our customers. We collect insights from our customers’ interactions through our algorithms and through traditional information retrieval techniques, such as cookies. We then use these insights to customize our sites in real-time for individual customers, with product suggestions and category highlights. These insights also form the basis of our enhanced conversion strategies as we continue to target a customer between 0 – 15 days after they view an item. We use email, social media marketing and retargeting campaigns to remind customers of their searches, items left in carts and items browsed.
We strive to keep customers engaged wherever they are, by providing the functionality of our website in iOS and Android mobile apps. Our mobile apps include search and discovery, personalization and social shopping features similar to those that customers enjoy on our desktop site. Our mobile apps had been downloaded approximately 7.0 million times prior to December 31, 2016, and represented, on average, 19.2% of mobile traffic in the year ended December 31, 2016.
In addition, we are also capable of managing significantly higher volumes of site traffic during peak periods, such as those generally experienced during the Black November period. We routinely test and expand the capacity of our servers so we are prepared to provide our customers with uninterrupted access to our sites during periods with high levels of user traffic. We also have in place two redundant data centers and back-up systems located in two different cities designed to ensure the uninterrupted operation of our information technology systems and sites.
We believe we can continue to scale our technology to accommodate significantly higher volumes of site traffic, customers, orders and the overall growth in our business. We have built a technology stack with a proven record of an ability to scale.
Security and Privacy Policy
We are committed to operating a secure online business. We use various security methods in an effort to protect the integrity of our networks and the confidential data collected and stored on our servers. For example, we use hierarchical levels of firewall technology to protect access to our networks and to our servers and databases on which we store confidential data. We have developed and use internal policies and procedures to protect the personal information of our customers.
We believe that issues relating to privacy and use of personal information relating to Internet users are becoming increasingly important as the Internet and its commercial use continue to grow. We have adopted what we believe is a detailed privacy policy that complies with local legal requirements and outlines the information that we collect concerning our users and how we use it, and the extent to which other registered Netshoes and Zattini users may have access to this information. Users must acknowledge and expressly agree to this policy when registering with our sites. For more information, see “Risk Factors—Risks Related to our Business and Industry—Unauthorized disclosure of sensitive or confidential customer information or our failure or the perception by our customers that we failed to comply with privacy laws or properly address privacy concerns could harm our business and standing with our customers.”
Although we send marketing communications to our users periodically, we use our best efforts to ensure that they respect users’ notification preferences. When users register with us, they can opt out of receiving marketing e-mails from us. They can modify their notification preferences at any time in the “My Account” section of our sites.
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We do not sell or rent any personally identifiable information about our users to any third party. However, for our marketplace operations, we do disclose information to merchants and purchasers so they can complete the transaction (respective names and addresses of purchasers, among other relevant information). We only use information about our users for internal purposes in order to improve marketing and promotional efforts and to improve our content, product offerings and site layout. We may also disclose information about our users in response to legal requirements. All information is stored on our servers located in Brazil.
Our Facilities, Logistics and Operations
Fundamental to our success is our custom-built logistics and operations infrastructure. We were recently selected for the Best Logistics award by e-Commerce Brasil, and we believe that we are market leaders in developing a proprietary infrastructure that supports our specific product verticals and regions. We manage all of the key components of our supply chain, including fulfillment and customer service. We monitor each step of our order fulfillment process from the time a product is inspected and stocked, to when the product is delivered to a customer, which we believe enables us to maintain a high level of shipping accuracy and timely delivery.
We currently lease all properties for our operations in Brazil and Argentina and our executive office in Mexico. Our corporate headquarters are located in São Paulo, Brazil. We lease three distribution centers in Brazil, one of which is located in the State of São Paulo (Barueri), one in the State of Minas Gerais (Extrema) and one in the State of Pernambuco (Jaboatão dos Guararapes). We also lease one physical store location for Shoestock in São Paulo, Brazil. Our operations in Argentina and Mexico each have one executive office and one distribution center. We have entered into a logistics services agreement with Onelogistic, S.A. de C.V., or Onelogistic, through which Onelogistic provides us with fulfillment services in Mexico. We believe that our properties are generally suitable to meet our needs for the foreseeable future, and we will continue to seek additional space as needed to pursue our growth strategy.
The following table sets forth a summary of our distribution centers as of December 31, 2016:
Location | Square meters | Storage Capacity (m²) | Agreement | |||||
Barueri (State of São Paulo, Brazil) | 19,143 | 45,843 | May 31, 2019 | |||||
Extrema (State of Minas Gerais, Brazil) | 28,656 | 27,850 | October 22, 2020 | |||||
Jaboatão dos Guararapes (State of Pernambuco, Brazil) | 15,321 | 23,915 | January 31, 2018 | |||||
Buenos Aires (Argentina) | 6,470 | 16,800 | February 29, 2020(2) | |||||
Mexico City (Mexico)(1) | 3,250 | 11,480 | January 1, 2018(3) |
(1) | Operated and leased by our third-party service provider Onelogistic. |
(2) | The original expiration date of April 1, 2017 was extended by the parties in March 2017. |
(3) | Expiration date of our logistics services agreement with Onelogistic. |
In Brazil, we have three distribution centers with a total storage capacity of over 97,000 square meters across all floors and a high level of automation. Our distribution centers located in Brazil have the capacity to handle over 7 million items at peak capacity and are able to ship products across all 26 Brazilian states and the Federal District of Brazil. Our operations in Argentina and Mexico have the capacity to handle over 700,000 items at one time and to distribute to customers in all regions of each country. Products are delivered from our suppliers to our distribution centers for quality inspection before being shipped out to customers.
In Brazil, we have a nationwide delivery network consisting of almost 20 third-party courier companies and were the first retail company to develop an on-site partnership with Brazil’s national post office,Correios, which expedites the delivery of our products. We leverage our large scale of operations and reputation to obtain favorable contractual terms with the courier companies. We monitor and review the courier companies’ performance and its compliance with our contractual terms.
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Our distribution centers and delivery network are strategically located and designed for reliable and timely product delivery. In general, orders are automatically allocated to one of our distribution centers for fulfillment. We then process our orders within six hours after the orders are confirmed on average, and we can deliver on the same day in the main Brazilian urban centers, Buenos Aires and Mexico City. We offer a wide range of delivery options to cater to our customers’ individual requirements and preferences. Our delivery options include normal delivery within four to five days, express delivery within one to two days and super express delivery for delivery on the same day the order was placed. We have an on-time delivery rate of approximately 97.0% of total processed orders. Our infrastructure also includes two data centers that are critical to our operations (see “—Our Technology”).
We also use our distribution centers and delivery network to manage the logistics and distribution of a number of our suppliers’ and partners’ online stores.
Billing and Collection
We provide our online customers in Brazil the flexibility to choose from a number of payment options including online payment through all major credit cards and bank payment slips, known as “boleto” in Brazil. We offer our credit card paying customers the option to pay in monthly installments (up to 15 for customers using NCard and up to 10 for customers using other types of credit cards), with a minimum installment payment of R$25.00. Paying by credit card in monthly installments is the most popular option among our customers in Brazil. In Argentina and in Mexico, we offer our online customers similar payment methods as those offered in Brazil. For the year ended December 31, 2016, 72.8% of our product sales were paid in installments by our customers. In conjunction with third-party service providers, we have a dedicated risk department that conducts a rigorous analysis of each transaction to help reduce the risk of fraudulent payments and decrease payment default.
Our Culture and Employees
We have built our culture to be relentlessly focused on delivering a best-in-class customer experience, to make data-driven decisions and to collaborate across our organization in pursuit of our mission to be the leading online consumer platform in Latin America. We pride ourselves on our ability to attract engaged employees who in turn deliver outstanding customer service. We have instated programs such as “Birthdays Off,” flexible working hours and “Bermuda Everyday” in order to foster a “tech” culture in our workforce. Furthermore, we have redesigned our offices to deliver to our employees a modern and comfortable environment with a sports court, game room, food trucks, a TV room and other common areas to continue to integrate our team.
We are proud of our employees and believe our team is one of our most important assets. As of December 31, 2016, we had 2,687 employees including 2,414 in Brazil, 175 in Argentina and 98 in Mexico. We had a total of 937 employees in our distribution centers, 587 customer service representatives, 222 employees in information technology, 141 employees in risk management and 146 employees in marketing. We believe that having most of our employees in-house enables us to foster a better customer experience-focused culture. We had a total of 2,040 and 2,405 employees as of December 31, 2014 and 2015, respectively.
We hire temporary employees to handle fluctuations in activity experienced throughout the year. In particular, we hire additional temporary workers during the fourth quarter of each year due to the significant increase in sales volume typically experienced in this period. During the fourth quarter of 2015 and 2016, we contracted 375 and 711 temporary workers, respectively, to handle the increased Black November and the subsequent holiday selling season demand. Temporary employees primarily work at our distribution centers and in our customer service. In the first three quarters of the year, we generally do not use temporary workers.
We are a leading equal opportunity employer, hiring in the region with women representing approximately 50% of our employee base. We believe that we offer our employees competitive compensation packages and a
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differentiated culture, and as a result, we have generally been able to attract and retain qualified personnel and maintain a stable management team. We generally enter into standard employment contracts with our employees. Our employees in are represented by five labor unions in Brazil, two in Argentina and one in Mexico. We believe that we have a good working relationship with our employees and their labor unions, and we have not experienced any significant labor disputes.
Our management team’s clear sense of mission, long-term focus and commitment to the values that define our culture, combined with our practice of fostering responsible autonomy and maintaining a startup mindset among our employees, have been fundamental to our successful track record. In addition, our leadership team has been remarkably stable and has created and developed leading new businesses organically, including Zattini.
These factors combined have given us the honor of being named amongst the best companies to work for in Brazil for six consecutive years since 2011 and placing first in the eCommerce category in 2015 according to “Revista Você S/A,” a leading business-focused magazine in Brazil. Furthermore, “Revista Apertura,” a leading Argentine general news magazine, recognized us as one of the best companies to work for in Argentina in 2015 and 2016.
Our Corporate Structure
The following is a chart of our current corporate structure:
Seasonality
We experience the effects of seasonality throughout the calendar year. Typically, the fourth quarter of the year is the strongest for our sales due to the Black November period in Brazil and the Christmas season in all countries where we operate. The first quarter of the year is our slowest period, as the months of January, February and March correspond to vacation time in Brazil and Argentina. See “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations—Seasonality and Quarterly Results of Operations” and “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations—Liquidity and Capital Resources—Net Working Capital.”
Intellectual Property
We rely on a combination of trademark, trade secret and other intellectual property laws as well as confidentiality agreements with our employees and suppliers for the purpose of protecting the proprietary rights
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associated with the products branded under our private labels. We have also registered the domain nameswww.netshoes.com, www.netshoes.com.br, www.zattini.com, www.zattini.com.br, www.shoestock.com, www.shoestock.com.br and their variations. Our “Netshoes” and “Zattini” trademarks and logos have also been registered with the relevant authorities in Brazil, Argentina and Mexico (as well as in other regions, such as the European Union and, with respect to “Netshoes,” the United States; we have applied for and are currently awaiting the grant of registration for “Zattini” in the United States). Trademark registrations for “Shoestock” have been assigned to us in the United States and Europe and we have filed applications to register those trademarks in Brazil. Furthermore, we have applied for the registration of the trademarks and logos of all of our private labels, such as Gonew, Burn and Mood and are currently awaiting the grants of such registrations.
In addition to the protection of our intellectual property, we are focused on ensuring that our product offerings (and especially those products branded under our private labels) do not infringe the intellectual property of others. Generally, our agreements with suppliers of private label products contain provisions to safeguard us against potential intellectual property infringement by our suppliers and impose penalties in the event of any infringement. We reserve the right to refuse to work with or terminate our relationship with suppliers where it comes to our attention that they are violating the intellectual property rights of a third party. For more information, see “Risk Factors—Risks Related to our Business and Industry—Our inability or failure to protect our intellectual property and any intellectual property infringement against us could have a negative impact on our operating results” elsewhere in this prospectus.
Insurance
We have insurance policies with reputable insurers in amounts considered sufficient by our management to cover potential losses arising from events that may affect our assets, as well as for any indemnities that we may have to pay to third parties as a result of our operations. These policies include insurance covering our distribution centers including equipment, machinery and inventory stored therein (or in transit) and have coverage limits of up to R$193.0 million. We seek coverage against risks that are compatible with our scale and type of operations, considering the nature of our activities, the risks we are exposed to, market practices in our industry, and the advice of our insurance consultants.
The insured amounts are reviewed every year when policies are renewed, to ensure the amounts are consistent with the value of our assets and our liabilities from operations. We do not anticipate having any difficulties in renewing any of our insurance policies.
While we believe our insurance contracts reflect standard market practices, there are certain types of risks that may not be covered by the policies (such as war, terrorism, acts of God and force majeure, liability for certain harm or interruption of certain activities). Therefore, if any of these uncovered events occur, we may be obliged to incur additional costs to remedy the situation, reconstitute our assets and/or indemnify our customers, which may adversely affect us. Furthermore, even in the event that we incur a loss that is covered by our policies, we cannot assure that damages awarded by our insurers will be sufficient to cover the losses arising from the insured event.
Material Contracts
On October 21, 2016, we entered into two hosting services agreements with Uol Diveo Tecnologia Ltda., or Uol Diveo, or the Hosting Services Agreements, in which Uol Diveo agrees to provide us with two Internet data centers to host our eCommerce sites. Currently, they are the only provider of hosting services for our sites, and we depend on Uol Diveo to keep our sites operational and accessible to our customers. See “Risk Factors—Risks Related to our Business and Industry—Interruption or failure of our information technology and communications systems could impair our operations, which could damage our reputation and harm our results of operations. Specifically, we rely on one third-party provider to provide us with Internet data centers to host our sites and maintain them operational, and disruptions with this provider or in the services it provides to us could materially affect our reputation, operations or financial results.”
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Pursuant to the terms of the Hosting Services Agreements, we are obligated to pay Uol Diveo a total monthly fee of approximately R$205,000.00, including taxes, and Uol Diveo is required to provide us with the necessary hardware, equipment and software licenses to keep our sites operational, among other requirements, as well as technical monitoring, ensuring the security of our sites and allowing us to have access to the data centers that host our sites. The Hosting Services Agreements will expire on October 2017, one year following their execution and are not automatically renewable.
For additional information concerning other contracts important to our business, see “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations—Indebtedness—Material Financing Agreements.”
Regulation
Our business is subject to a number of laws and regulations that affect companies conducting business on the Internet, many of which are still evolving and could be interpreted in ways that could harm our business. While it is difficult to fully ascertain the extent to which new developments in the field of law will affect our business, there has been a trend towards increased consumer and data privacy protection. It is possible that general business regulations and laws, or those specifically governing the Internet, eCommerce or mCommerce, may be interpreted and applied in a manner that may place restrictions on the conduct of our business. Below is a summary of the most relevant laws that apply to the operations of eCommerce companies in Brazil:
Consumer Protection Laws. Brazil’s consumer Protection Code sets forth the legal principles and requirements applicable to consumer relations in Brazil. This law regulates, among other things, commercial practices, product and service liability, strict liability of the supplier of products or services, reversal of the burden of proof to the benefit of consumers, the joint and several liability of all companies within the supply chain, abuse of rights in contractual clauses, advertising and information on products and services offered to the public. Specifically, as an Internet-based retailer, we are subject to several laws and regulations designed to protect consumer rights — most importantly Law No. 8,078 of September 11, 1990 — known as the Consumer Protection Code, and Decree No 7,962 of March 15, 2013, that regulates eCommerce in Brazil, or the eCommerce Decree. The Consumer Protection Code establishes the legal framework for the protection of consumers, setting out certain basic rights, among which is the right to clear and accurate information about products and services offered in the consumer market, with correct specification of characteristics, structure, quality and price and the risks they pose, and the consumers’ rights to access and modify personal information collected about them and stored in private databases. The eCommerce Decree complements the Consumer Protection Code and sets forth specific rights and obligations of consumers and eCommerce retailers. Pursuant to the eCommerce Decree, online retailers are required to break-down pricing and disclose fees and shipping charges. Online retailers are also required to provide clear and accurate terms and conditions for the sales, including the consumers’ right to cancel a transaction without charges (direito de arrependimento) and to return or exchange products. In addition, the eCommerce Decree sets forth general guidelines that must be followed by online retailers’ consumer services. The growth and demand for eCommerce could result in more stringent consumer protection laws that impose additional compliance burdens on online companies. These consumer protection laws could result in substantial compliance costs.
Data Privacy and Protection. The Internet Act establishes principles, guarantees, rights and duties for the use of the Internet in Brazil, including regulation about data privacy for Internet users. Under Brazilian Laws personal data may only be treated (i.e., collected, used, transferred, etc.) upon users’ prior and express consent. Privacy policies of any company must be clear and detailed and include information regarding all contemplated uses for such users’ data and excessively ample or vague consent for data treatment may be deemed invalid in Brazil. Brazilian courts have applied joint and several liability among all entities that shared and/or used personal data subject to a breach. See “Risk Factors—Risks Related to Doing Business in Brazil and the Rest of Latin America— We are subject to costs and risks associated with increased or changing laws and regulations affecting our business, including those relating to the sale of consumer products.”
We are also subject to similar laws and regulations that govern consumer and data protection in Argentina and Mexico.
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Recent Changes in Brazilian Laws Relevant for our Business:
Value Added Tax Laws. On April 2015, an amendment to the Brazilian Constitution became effective to change the then-existing rules as to the allocation of ICMS taxes collected in interstate sales between the state of origin of products sold and the state where the final customer is located, or State of Destination. Under the prior rules, ICMS taxes levied on sales to customers characterized as the final customers of certain goods were entirely collected by the state from where the product was shipped and invoiced, or State of Origin. As a result of this constitutional amendment, since 2016 ICMS taxes in interstate sales have been allocated between the States of Origin and States of Destination on the following basis: (a) States of Origin have the right to collect the value corresponding to the ICMS interstate tax rate applicable for the product while (b) the States of Destination have the right to collect the value corresponding to the difference between the ICMS interstate tax rate applicable forthe product and the internal ICMS tax rate of such State of Destination applicable for the relevant product (assuming that the internal ICMS tax rate of the State of Destination is higher than the ICMS interest tax rate). While these constitutional changes did not affect the benefits we currently extract from tax incentives in the States of Origin from where we generally ship and invoice our products (i.e., Minas Gerais and Pernambuco), we expect that our average ICMS tax burden will increase from 3.6% in 2015 to 10.1% by 2019 as we are now required to also pay ICMS taxes to States of Destination of our products in which we currently have no tax benefits. See “Risk Factors—Risks Related to our Business and Industry— Changes in tax laws, tax incentives, benefits or differing interpretations of tax laws may adversely affect our results of operations.”
Internet Neutrality. Brazil has recently enacted laws related to Internet neutrality, which require that Internet service providers treat all Internet traffic equally, subject to strict and clearly-identified exceptions. The Brazilian Anti-Trust authority (Conselho Administrativo de Defesa Econômica, or CADE) is currently analyzing whether initiatives that provide users with free-of-cost access to only certain selected sites rather than open access to the Internet would constitute an anticompetitive act. Depending on the outcome of this administrative proceeding, we may be required to discontinue our initiatives with certain telecommunication companies to provide our customers with free access to the Internet from their mobile devices when accessing our sites.
Legal and Administrative Proceedings
From time to time, we are involved in disputes that arise in the ordinary course of our business. Any claims against us, whether meritorious or not, can be time consuming, result in costly litigation, require significant management time and result in the diversion of significant operational resources.
We are engaged in several legal proceedings, including civil, labor, tax and social security and other proceedings, for which we have established provisions in an aggregate amount of R$5.2 million and have made judicial deposits in an aggregate amount of R$71.8 million, as of December 31, 2016.
We record a provision in our balance sheet for losses arising from litigation based on an evaluation of the likelihood of loss by our external and internal legal counsel, the progress of related proceedings, the history of losses in similar cases and the individual analysis of each contingency. We record provisions for contingencies based on probable loss or when so required under accounting rules.
We are currently not a party to, and we are not aware of any threat of, any legal, arbitration or administrative proceedings that, in the opinion of our management, are likely to have a material and adverse effect on our business, financial condition or results of operations. We may from time to time become party to various legal, arbitration or administrative proceedings arising in the ordinary course of our business.
Civil Matters
As of December 31, 2016, we were party to approximately 1,120 judicial and administrative proceedings of a civil nature for which we recorded a provision of approximately R$1.2 million. The civil claims to which we
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are a party generally relate to consumer claims, including those related to delays in delivery and product returns, among others. We believe these proceedings are unlikely to have a material adverse impact, individually, or in the aggregate, on our results of operations or financial condition.
Labor Matters
As of December 31, 2016, we were party to 104 labor-related judicial and administrative proceedings for which we recorded a provision of R$0.5 million. In general, the labor claims to which we are a party were filed by former employees or third parties employees seeking our joint and/or subsidiary liability for the acts of our suppliers and service providers. The principal claims involved in these labor suits relate to overtime, salary equalization termination fees, and indemnities based on Brazilian labor laws. We believe these proceedings are unlikely to have a material adverse impact, individually or in the aggregate, on our results of operations or financial condition.
Tax and Social Security Matters
As of December 31, 2016, we were involved in 73 judicial and administrative tax and social security proceedings for which we recorded a provision of R$3.4 million, each as a plaintiff. In our most significant tax proceeding, we are party to a judicial proceeding in which we have challenged the Brazilian federal tax authority’s interpretation that the calculation basis for PIS and COFINS taxes over the products we sell should also consider the ICMS tax rate levied upon such products. We have not recorded a provision for this proceeding as our lawyers estimate our chances of losing this legal dispute as possible. Nevertheless we have been depositing the taxes under dispute on a monthly basis with the relevant court. As of December 31, 2016, we had judicial deposits in an aggregate amount of R$71.8 million. If Brazilian courts ultimately decide against us on this judicial proceeding, we may have to take unanticipated provisions and charges, which could have a negative impact on our financial condition and results of operations. See “Risk Factors—Risks Related to our Business and Industry— Changes in tax laws, tax incentives, benefits or differing interpretations of tax laws may adversely affect our results of operations.”
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Pursuant to Cayman Islands law and our Fourth Amended and Restated Memorandum and Articles of Association, or Articles of Association, which will become effective upon completion of this offering, our board of directors is responsible for the operation of our business.
Directors
The following table sets forth certain information relating to our directors and director nominees upon the closing of this offering. The business address of each of our directors and director nominees is Rua Vergueiro 961, Liberdade, CEP 01504-001, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
Name | Age | Position/Title | Directors’ Class | Current Term Expires | ||||||
Marcio Kumruian | 43 | Director, Chairman and Chief Executive Officer | Class I | Shareholders meeting to be held in 2018 | ||||||
Francisco Alvarez-Demalde | 38 | Director | Class I | Shareholders meeting to be held in 2018 | ||||||
Nilesh Lakhani | 57 | Director | Class III | Shareholders meeting to be held in 2020 | ||||||
Hagop Chabab(1) | 37 | Director | — | — | ||||||
Wolfgang Schwerdtle(1) | 47 | Director | — | — | ||||||
Nicolas Szekasy(1) | 52 | Director | — | — | ||||||
Frederico Brito e Abreu(2) | 38 | Director Nominee | Class II | Shareholders meeting to be held in 2019 | ||||||
Ricardo Knoepfelmacher(2) | 50 | Director Nominee | Class II | Shareholders meeting to be held in 2019 |
(1) | Upon completion of this offering, Messrs. Chabab, Szekasy and Schwerdtle will cease to serve as members of our board of directors. |
(2) | Upon completion of this offering, Messrs. Brito e Abreu and Knoepfelmacher will become members of our board of directors. |
Marcio Kumruian. Mr. Kumruian is our co-founder. He has been the chairman of our board of directors and chief executive officer since 2000, primarily and is responsible for leading Netshoes into becoming a leading sports and lifestyle online retailer in Latin America. Mr. Kumruian also served on the boards of directors of Modnet until August 2016, and Netfarma until January 2016. Mr. Kumruian holds a degree in Economics from Mackenzie University. In 2013, Mr. Kumruian was awarded Entrepreneur of the year in the category of Technology by IstoÉ Dinheiro, a leading Brazilian business and economic magazine. In March 2013, Mr. Kumruian was named a finalist in the master category for the Entrepreneur of the Year award by Ernst & Young Terco.
Francisco Alvarez-Demalde. Mr. Alvarez-Demalde has been a member of our board of directors since March 2015. Mr.Alvarez-Demalde is the co-founder and General Partner of Riverwood Capital Partners, a technology-focused private equity firm focused on high growth technology companies globally. Previously, he was an investment executive with KKR & Co. L.P., where he focused on leveraged buyouts in the Technology Industry and other sectors in both North America and emerging markets. Previously, he worked at Goldman, Sachs & Co. and Eton Park Capital Management. Mr. Alvarez-Demalde has invested and been actively involved in the development and growth of several successful businesses across Latin America and North America. He has also been a board member of Industrious LLC since 2016, Nubox LLC since 2016, Navent Group Ltd since 2012, Golntegro since 2012, Globant S.A. since 2007 and LAVCA (The Latin America Private Equity Venture Capital Association) since 2012. Mr. Alvarez-Demalde holds a degree in economics from San Andres University, Argentina (including an exchange program at the Wharton School). He previously served on the board of directors of companies such as CloudBlue Technologies, Inc, ALOG Data Centres do Brasil S.A., Motionpoint
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Corp., among others. Mr. Alvarez-Demalde was appointed by our shareholder Riverwood Capital Partners pursuant to our Shareholders Agreement.
Nilesh Lakhani. Mr. Lakhani has been a member of our board of directors since April 2013. Mr. Lakhani has over 25 years of experience working with international companies. He has served as an independent director on the boards of Decolar.com, Inc. since 2012, and GetGoing, Inc. since 2013, and has also been an operating partner at Lumia Capital LLC, an emerging markets focused technology venture fund since 2015. He has held key executive positions with growth companies in the technology, media and financial services industries. From2013 to 2014, Mr.Lakhani was a member of the board and of the audit committee of QIWI, which is a Nasdaq-listed company. From 2010 to 2012, he was the chief financial officer of oDesk Corporation. Prior to that, from 2007 to 2010, he was the chief financial officer of Yandex N.V. (Nasdaq: YNDX). He also served as chief financial officer of CTC Media, Inc. from 2004 to 2007, which he led to a successful IPO in 2006. Prior to that, Mr. Lakhani was the chief financial officer of Pogo.com, and was vice president of Global Operations at Electronic Arts Inc after it acquired Pogo.com. Mr. Lakhani also served as senior vice president with Transamerica Corporation from 1991 to 1997, and worked with GE Capital from 1984 to 1991. Mr. Lakhani received a degree in economics from the University of Manchester and an MBA in finance from the University of San Francisco. Mr. Lakhani is an independent director.
Hagop Chabab. Mr. Chabab is our co-founder. He has been a member of our board of directors since April 2011. Mr. Chabab served as our executive vice-president and as our chief commercial officer from 2000 to 2013. Upon completion of this offering, Mr. Chabab will cease to serve as a member of our board of directors.
Wolfgang Schwerdtle. Mr. Schwerdtle has been a member of our board of directors since May 2014. Previously, he served as a member of the board of directors of BMC Software, Inc. from September 2013 to January 2014. Currently, Mr. Schwerdtle is the head of the Brazil office of the Government of Singapore Investment Corporation (GIC). He has also been a board member of Somos Educação S.A. since November 2014, as well as a member of their Culture and Organization Committee. He has also been a member of the board of directors of Rede D’Or Sao Luiz, S.A. since May 2015. Mr. Schwerdtle holds a bachelor’s degree and MSc in economics from Oxford University, an MBA from University of Chicago and a PHD in finance from the European Business School. Mr. Schwerdtle was appointed by our shareholder Archy LLC pursuant to our Shareholders Agreement. Upon completion of this offering, Mr. Schwerdtle will cease to serve as a member of our board of directors.
Nicolas Szekasy. Mr. Szekasy has been a member of our board of directors since September 2012. Previously, Mr. Szekasy served as an advisor to Tiger Global Management LLC and was an angel investor. From 2000 to 2009 he was the chief financial officer of MercadoLibre Inc., where he led its IPO in 2007. Before MercadoLibre, he was chief financial officer of Supermercados Norte S.A. for two years and served as chief financial officer, commercial director and strategic planning director at Pepsico Latin America for seven years. Mr. Szekasy is the co-founder of and, since 2011, has been the managing partner of Kaszek Ventures. Mr. Szekasy is also a board member of Endeavor Global, Endeavor Argentina, and Consejo Económico Empresarial de Universidad Torcuato Di Tella. Mr. Szekasy holds a degree in economics from the University of Buenos Aires and an MBA from Stanford University. Mr. Szekasy was appointed by our shareholder Kaszek Investors pursuant to our Shareholders Agreement. Upon completion of this offering, Mr. Szekasy will cease to serve as a member of our board of directors.
Frederico Brito e Abreu. Mr. Brito e Abreu has been appointed to our board of directors and his appointment will become effective upon completion of this offering. Mr. Brito e Abreu is currently the chief financial officer of Kroton Educacional S.A. (BM&FBovespa: KROT3), where he started to work in 2010 and is responsible for planning and internal controls, treasury, tax and accounting, credit and collections, IT, compliance, procurement and legal, and also heads its M&A department. Prior to joining Kroton Educacional S.A., Mr. Brito e Abreu served as a director of the private equity firm Advent International (from 2007 to 2010) and as a manager of McKinsey & Company in São Paulo, New York and Lisbon (from 2001 to 2007). Mr. Brito
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e Abreu was the recipient of the Best CFO award in the education sector in Latin America every year from 2013 to 2016, awarded by Institutional Investor Magazine, and received the 2016 CFO Award in Latin America by Finance Monthly. Mr. Brito e Abreu holds a degree in business administration from the Catholic University of Portugal in Lisbon and an MBA from INSEAD.
Ricardo Knoepfelmacher. Mr. Knoepfelmacher has been appointed to our board of directors and his appointment will become effective upon completion of this offering. Mr. Knoepfelmacher is the founder of RK Partners, an advisory firm focused on financial and operational restructuring and corporate turnarounds, and is currently the Managing Partner of the firm. Mr. Knoepfelmacher has also served on the board of directors of NII Holdings, Inc. (Nextel) since 2013 and Vicunha Têxtil S.A. since 2013. Prior to founding RK Partners, Mr. Knoepfelmacher led several corporate restructurings, which included Brasil Ferrovias S.A. (railway operator in Brazil), EBX Group (OGX, OSX and MMX), PDG, UTC, Rossi Residencial, Bombril, Galvão Engenharia, Paranapanema, Usina Caeté and Property Brasil, among others. Previously, Mr. Knoepfelmacher was the Chief Executive Officer of Brasil Telecom S.A. from 2005 to 2009, Chief Executive Officer of Pegasus Telecom S.A. from 2000 to 2002, and Chief Executive Officer of Bicicletas Caloi from 1997 to 1999. Mr. Knoepfelmacher also worked at Citibank and McKinsey & Company before launching his own company, MGDK & Associados, a restructuring and consulting firm later sold to the Monitor Group, currently owned by Deloitte. Mr. Knoepfelmacher holds a master’s degree in international management from the Thunderbird School of Global Management and a bachelor degree in economics from Universidade de Brasília.
Executive Officers
The following presents summary biographical information of our executive officers:
Name | Age | Position/Title | ||||
Marcio Kumruian | 43 | Director, Chairman and Chief Executive Officer | ||||
Leonardo Tavares Dib | 42 | Chief Financial Officer | ||||
Graciela Kumruian Tanaka | 40 | Chief Operating Officer | ||||
André Luiz Shinohara | 42 | Chief Sales and Marketing Officer |
Marcio Kumruian. Mr. Kumruian is our co-founder and he has been the chairman of our board of directors and chief executive officer since 2000. For biographical information regarding Mr. Kumruian, see “—Directors.”
Leonardo Tavares Dib. Mr. Dib has been our chief financial officer since 2013. Previously, he held the following financial and strategic planning positions: chief financial officer at Editora Globo, the publishing branch of Organizações Globo, from 2011 to 2012; business planning and strategy director at Pepsico from 2008 to 2011; and senior finance executive and acting finance director at Unilever do Brasil from 1998 to 2008. Mr. Dib holds a degree in electrical engineering from the Federal University of Minas Gerais-UFMG and an MBA in finance from IBMEC—Brazilian Institute of Capital Markets.
Graciela Kumruian Tanaka. Ms. Tanaka joined us in 2008 and has been our acting chief operating officer since 2012. In 2008, she set up our entire technology department and became responsible for the management and internal development of all of our core systems. In 2012, Ms. Tanaka assumed her current position as our chief operating officer and, with her technology background and expertise, we were able to implement pioneering projects in our logistics and customer relationship departments. Ms. Tanaka also managed important and innovative projects throughout her career. For instance, from 2005 to 2008, she worked as IT director at the Federal Regional Court of the 3rd Region (Tribunal Regional Federal da 3a Região), where she was responsible for the implementation of systems designed to streamline processes in the judicial system, and while at Diebold from 1999 to 2005, she participated in the set-up of electronic voting systems in two general elections in Brazil. Ms. Tanaka holds a degree in computer science from Saint Judas Tadeu University (Universidade São Judas Tadeu).
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André Luiz Shinohara. Mr. Shinohara has been our chief sales and marketing officer since March 2017. Mr. Shinohara has more than 15 years of experience in the retail and eCommerce business sectors. From September 2013 to January 2017, Mr. Shinohara served as a vice president of Máquina de Vendas and, from June 2012 to July 2013, he was the vice president of Fast Shop S.A. From 2009 to 2012, Mr. Shinohara served as country manager of Privalia in Brazil, and from 2007 to 2009 he accumulated experience in the electronics industry working as a commercial director for Royal Philips Electronics. From 2000 to 2007, Mr. Shinohara served as commercial and marketing director of Submarino S.A. Mr. Shinohara holds a degree in civil engineering from Universidade de São Paulo and an MBA from Insper São Paulo.
Duties of Directors
As a matter of Cayman Islands law, a director of a Cayman Islands company is considered a fiduciary of the company. Accordingly, directors owe fiduciary duties to their companies to act in accordance with the best interests of the company, to exercise their powers for the purposes for which they are conferred and not to place themselves in a position where there is a conflict between their personal interests and their duty to the company. Accordingly, a director owes a company a duty not to make a profit based on his or her position as director (unless the company permits him or her to do so) and a duty not to put himself or herself in a position where the interests of the company conflict with his or her personal interests or his or her duties to a third party. However, a company’s articles of association may permit a director to vote on a matter in which he or she has a personal interest if he or she has disclosed the nature of his or her interest to the board of directors. Our Articles of Association provide that a director must disclose the nature and extent of any material interests in any contract or arrangement, and that he or she may not vote at any meeting on any resolution concerning an interested matter.
A director of a Cayman Islands company also owes to the company duties to exercise independent judgment in carrying out his functions and to exercise reasonable skill, care and diligence, which has both objective and subjective elements. Recent Cayman Islands case law confirmed that directors must exercise the care, skill and diligence that would be exercised by a reasonably diligent person having the general knowledge, skill and experience reasonably to be expected of a person acting as a director. Additionally, a director must exercise the knowledge, skill and experience that he or she actually possesses.
Election and Terms of Directors and Executive Officers
Our Articles of Association provide that persons standing for election as directors at a duly constituted general meeting with requisite quorum shall be elected by an ordinary shareholders’ resolution, which requires the affirmative vote of a simple majority of the votes cast on the resolution by the shareholders entitled to vote who are present in person or by proxy at a meeting. Upon being elected, each director is appointed to a term of three years to succeed the directors of the class whose terms expire at such annual general meeting. See “Description of Share Capital—Appointment, Disqualification and Removal of Directors.” Our executive officers are elected by and serve at the discretion of our board of directors.
Board Committees
Upon the completion of this offering, we will establish one committee of our board of directors, namely the audit committee and we have adopted a charter for this committee.
The responsibilities and membership of our audit committee are described below.
Under the terms of the convertible note purchase agreement (as defined above), on or prior August 22, 2017, we are required to establish a compensation committee and a nominating and corporate governance committee of our board of directors to assist with the board’s responsibilities.
In the future, our board of directors may establish other committees, as it deems appropriate, to assist with its responsibilities.
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Audit Committee
Upon completion of this offering, our board of directors will have established an audit committee. Members will serve on this committee until the earliest of (1) the moment they cease to be a director, (2) their resignation and (3) as otherwise determined by our board of directors. Our audit committee will initially consist of Nilesh Lakhani, Frederico Brito e Abreu and Ricardo Knoepfelmacher. Nilesh Lakhani will be the chairman of our audit committee. Nilesh Lakhani satisfies the criteria of an audit committee financial expert as set forth under the applicable rules of the SEC. Nilesh Lakhani, Frederico Brito e Abreu and Ricardo Knoepfelmacher will meet the criteria for independence set forth in Rule 10A-3 of the Exchange Act.
The audit committee will oversee our accounting and financial reporting processes and the audits of our financial statements. Our audit committee will be responsible for, among other things:
• | selecting our independent auditor, approving related fees and terminating our relationship with our independent auditor in the committee’s discretion; |
• | pre-approving audit and non-audit services permitted to be performed by the independent auditor; |
• | annually reviewing the independent auditor’s report describing the auditing firm’s internal quality control procedures, any material issues raised by the most recent internal quality control review, or peer review, of the independent auditors and all relationships between the independent auditor and our company; |
• | reviewing with the independent auditor any audit problems or difficulties and management’s response, as well as resolving any disagreements between management and the independent auditor regarding financial reporting; |
• | reviewing and discussing the annual audited financial statements with management, internal audit team (or third-service provider performing this function) and the independent auditor, as well as quarterly unaudited financial statements; |
• | reviewing and discussing with management and the independent auditors major issues regarding accounting principles and financial statement presentations; |
• | discussing earnings press releases with management, as well as financial information and earnings guidance provided to analysts and rating agencies; |
• | reviewing the effect of regulatory and accounting initiatives, as well as off-balance sheet structures, on our financial statements; |
• | overseeing our disclosure controls and procedures and internal control over financial reporting; |
• | assessing and monitoring our risk exposures, as well as the policies and guidelines with respect to risk management; |
• | timely reviewing reports from the independent auditor regarding all critical accounting policies and practices to be used by our company, all alternative treatments of financial information within IFRS that have been discussed with management and all other material written communications between the independent auditor and management; |
• | establishing procedures for the receipt, retention and treatment of complaints received by our company regarding accounting, internal accounting controls or auditing matters, and the confidential, anonymous submission by our employees of concerns regarding questionable accounting or auditing matters; |
• | analyzing our related-party transactions based on our policy for these transactions; |
• | periodically reviewing and reassessing the adequacy of our audit committee charter; |
• | any other matters that are specifically delegated to our audit committee by our board of directors from time to time; |
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• | periodically meeting with management, internal audit team (or third-service provider performing this function) and the independent auditors, separately; and |
• | reporting regularly to the full board of directors. |
The written charter for our audit committee will be available on our website following the completion of this offering. Information contained on our website shall not constitute, or be deemed incorporated as, a part of this prospectus.
Code of Ethics
We have adopted a code of ethics, which is applicable to all of our directors, officers and employees. We will make our code of ethics publicly available on our website upon the completion of this offering. We intend to disclose future amendments to, or waivers of, our code of conduct on the same page of our corporate website. Information contained on our website is not incorporated by reference into this prospectus, and you should not consider information contained on our website to be part of this prospectus or in deciding whether to invest in our common shares.
Remuneration
Prior to the completion of this offering, our shareholders may determine our directors’ compensation by an ordinary resolution, which requires the affirmative vote of a simple majority of the votes cast on the resolution by the shareholders entitled to vote who are present in person or by proxy at the meeting. Upon completion of the offering, our board of directors will then be responsible for determining our directors’ compensation.
Borrowing
Our Articles of Association provide that our board of directors may from time to time at its discretion exercise all the powers of our company to raise capital or borrow money, to mortgage or charge all or any part of the undertaking, property and assets (present and future) and uncalled capital of our company and, subject to the Companies Law, issue debentures, bonds and other securities of our company, whether outright or as collateral security for any debt, liability or obligation of our company or of any third party.
Qualification
There is no requirement for our directors to own any shares in our company in order for them to qualify as a director.
Non-Compete Agreements
On December 23, 2009, our Brazilian subsidiary, NS2, entered into a Non-Compete Agreement with Marcio Kumruian, our chief executive officer and the chairman of our board of directors. Pursuant to this agreement, Mr. Kumruian agreed while rendering services to NS2 related to the management of day-to-day business and affairs, and for a two-year period after the termination of his employment with NS2, not to, except on behalf of NS2, directly or indirectly (1) attempt to solicit any client from any business of the type performed by NS2 or to reduce the amount of business which any such client has customarily done or is reasonably expected to do with NS2; (2) employ any person who is then or at any time during the preceding year was an employee of or consultant of NS2; or (3) develop any products or render any services to any direct or indirect competitor of NS2, or sell products and services to third parties, whether or not clients of NS2. In addition, Mr. Kumruian has agreed not to disclose any confidential information or trade secrets of NS2 or utilize such confidential information or trade secrets for any purposes while employed by NS2 and for the two-year period after the termination his employment.
Share Ownership
Marcio Kumruian, the chairman of our board of directors and chief executive officer indirectly holds 17.29% of our common shares through CDK Net Fund IC (prior to giving effect to the automatic conversion of
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the convertible notes upon the closing of this offering). Mr. Hagop Chabab, a member of our board of directors, is the beneficial owner of HCFT Holdings, LLC, a trust that holds 9.80% of our common shares (prior to giving effect to the automatic conversion of the convertible notes upon the closing of this offering). Nicolas Szekasy, a member of our board of directors holds 0.10% of our shares (prior to giving effect to the automatic conversion of the convertible notes upon the closing of this offering). See “Principal Shareholders.”
Compensation of Directors and Officers
For the years ended December 31, 2015 and 2016, the aggregate compensation to the members of our board of directors and officers amounted to R$9.2 million and R$9.5 million (US$2.9 million). We made compensation payments to our officers indirectly through our main operating subsidiary, NS2. Under Cayman Islands law, we are not required to disclose compensation paid to our senior management on an individual basis and we have not otherwise publicly disclosed this information elsewhere. We did not pay any other cash compensation or benefits in kind to our directors in 2015 and 2016. Our officers receive comparable benefits generally provided to our employees, such as pension, retirement and health insurance coverage. Some variations may exist with regard to company car benefits and levels of health insurance coverage. We set aside approximately R$0.7 million and R$0.3 million (US$0.1 million) for pension, retirement, health insurance and similar benefits for our officers in 2015 and 2016, respectively. For information regarding purchase rights or share options granted to our current officers and directors, see “2012 Share Plan.”
Insurance
We have contracted civil liability insurance coverage for acts carried out by our directors and executive officers in the course of their duties. The maximum amount of coverage is R$20.0 million (US$6.2 million). In connection with this offering, we expect to obtain additional insurance coverage for acts carried out by our directors and executive officers in the course of their duties. Such insurance coverage would be available to our directors and officers in accordance with its terms.
2012 Share Plan
On April 16, 2012, we established our 2012 Share Plan, or Share Plan, which provides for (1) the direct grant or sale of common shares and (2) the grant of options to purchase common shares to persons we select. We have not directly granted common shares under the Share Plan. Options granted under the Share Plan may be an incentive stock option, or ISO, as described in Section 422 of the U.S. Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended, or the Code, or an option that does not qualify as an incentive stock option as described in Section 422(b) or 423(b) of the Code, or Nonstatutory Options, and, together with the ISO, Options. Each share option agreement must specify whether the Option is an ISO or a Nonstatutory Option. The Share Plan was set up for the following purposes: (1) attracting, retaining and motivating its beneficiaries; (2) adding value to shareholders; and (3) encouraging an entrepreneurial mindset among our employees.
Eligibility. Pursuant to our Share Plan, only our employees, members of our board of directors who are not employees, persons who qualify as consultants under Rule 701(c)(1) of the Securities Act, or such equivalent persons of our controlling shareholders or subsidiaries are eligible to be (1) awarded with the sale of our common shares or (2) granted Nonstatutory Options. Furthermore, only our employees, or the employees of our controlling shareholders or subsidiaries are eligible to be granted ISOs. However, a person who owns more than 10% of the total combined voting power of all classes of our outstanding shares, our controlling shareholders, or any of our subsidiaries is ineligible to be granted ISOs unless (1) the exercise price is at least 110% of the fair market value of our common shares on the date of grant and (2) such ISO by its terms is not exercisable after the expiration of five years from the date of grant.
Shares Subject to the Share Plan. Our Share Plan is currently limited to the issuance of 631,470 (after giving effect to the share split) of our common shares. Common shares that have been previously issued under
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the Share Plan and reacquired by us, outstanding options or other rights that for any reason expired or have been canceled are added back to the number of shares available under the Share Plan. Furthermore, in the event that common shares that otherwisewould have been issuable under the Share Plan have been withheld by us in payment of the purchase price, exercise price or withholding taxes, such common shares remain available for issuance under the Share Plan.
Vesting Schedule for Purchase Rights and Options.In general, our board of directors determines the vesting schedule for each share purchase award or Option under a notice of share option grant. Awards granted under our Share Plan are generally subject to the following vesting schedule: over a four-year period, 25% of the total common shares subject to the award will vest at the first anniversary of the vesting commencement date and the remaining common shares subject to the award will vest in equal monthly installments over the 36 months thereafter.
Terms and Conditions for the Award of Purchase Rights or Options. Any right to purchase shares under the Share Plan (other than an Option) expires automatically if not exercised by the purchaser within 30 days (or such other period as may be specified in the agreement) from the grant of such right. The right to purchase shares under the Share Plan is not transferable and may be exercised only by the purchaser to whom such right was granted. An Option to purchase shares under the Share Plan is not transferable and may be exercised only by the optionee to whom such right was granted, except by means of:
• | a beneficiary designation; |
• | a will; |
• | the laws applicable of descent and distribution; or |
• | if the applicable award agreement so provides in the case of Nonstatutory Options, which will then be transferable only as gifts or domestic relations orders to the optionee’s family members. |
In addition, an ISO may be exercised during the lifetime of the optionee only by the optionee or by the optionee’s guardian or legal representative. An Option must comply with the conditions set forth under certain applicable regulations under the Exchange Act, which provides for certain transferability restrictions that shall apply to an Option and, prior to exercise, to the Shares to be issued upon exercise of such Option, including restrictions as to any pledge, mortgage or other transfer by the optionee during certain periods.
Pursuant to our Share Plan, our board of directors is required to determine the purchase price of our common shares to be offered under the Share Plan at its sole discretion. Our board of directors shall also determine the exercise price of each Option to be issued under the Share Plan, provided that the exercise price of an Option shall not be less than 100% of the fair market value of a share on the date of grant unless the optionee is not a U.S. taxpayer, in which case the exercise price may be less than 100% of the fair market value of a common share on the date of grant.
In addition, our board of directors is responsible for determining, at its sole discretion, the exercisability provisions of each share Option agreement, as well as Option expiration dates, provided that each term shall not exceed 10 years from the date of grant. If an optionee’s service terminates for any reason other than the optionee’s death, then the optionee’s Options shall expire pursuant to the terms provided in the Share Plan, in which case he will be entitled to exercise all or part of his Options prior to such expiration, provided that such Options had become exercisable before the termination event (or as a result thereto). In the event of an optionee’s death, Options will generally expire on the earlier of (a) the Option’s expiration date and (b) 12 months after the optionee’s death (or such later date as our board of directors may determine, but in no event earlier than six months after the optionee’s death).
An optionee does not have rights as a shareholder with respect to any shares covered by the optionee’s Option until such person (1) becomes entitled to receive such shares by filing a notice of exercise and paying the exercise price and (2) is entered in the Register of our shareholders.
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Payment of the Purchase Price or the Exercise Price. The purchase price of our common shares or the exercise price to acquire our common shares upon the exercise of an Option issued under the Share Plan may bepaid in various forms, including cash or cash equivalents, services rendered to us, to our controlling shareholder or a subsidiary, promissory notes, other common shares, or (to the extent that the applicable award agreement so provides) any other form permitted by the laws of the Cayman Islands.
Adjustment of Shares. The common shares available for direct granting or sale under the Share Plan, as well as the number of shares covered by each outstanding Option and any unexercised right to purchase shares that has not yet expired and the respective exercise price under each outstanding Option and purchase prices applicable to any unexercised share purchase right, are subject to proportional adjustments in the event of certain corporate changes such as subdivision of our outstanding common shares, a bonus issue of our common shares, combination or consolidation of our common shares into a lesser number of common shares, spin-off, among other changes.
Our Right of Repurchase, of First Refusal and Transfer Restrictions. Shares issued under the Share Plan are subject to such rights of repurchase, rights of first refusal, other transfer restrictions and other terms and conditions set forth by our board of directors under the applicable award agreements. We only have a right of first refusal until we become a public company and after that date, the holders of the shares can trade them in the market. We also hold a right to repurchase our common shares exercised according to the Share Plan by certain holders of our common shares.
Miscellaneous. In relation to tax matters, unless otherwise expressly set forth in the applicable award agreement, awards granted under the Share Plan are intended to be exempt from Code Section 409A. Our Share Plan will terminate automatically 10 years from the later of (1) the date when the board of directors adopted the Share Plan (which was on April 16, 2012) or (2) the date when the board of directors approved the most recent increase in the number of common shares reserved under the Share Plan (which was on April 4, 2014). The Share Plan may also be terminated on any earlier date at any time for any reason by our board of directors. Our board of directors may also amend the plan, provided that any material amendment requires the approval of our shareholders. Our Share Plan is governed by the laws of the Cayman Islands.
The following table summarizes the options we granted to our current directors and executive officers under the Share Plan.
Name | Number of Common Shares Underlying Options(1) | Exercise Price (US$/ Share)(1) | Grant Date | Commencement Vesting Date | Final Expiration Date | |||||||||||||||
Marcio Kumruian | 60,000 | * | 8.10 | March 29, 2017 | March 29, 2017 | March 29, 2027 | ||||||||||||||
Nicolas Szekasy(2) | 16,470 | * | 8.10 | April 26, 2012 | July 25, 2010 | April 25, 2022 | ||||||||||||||
Nilesh Lakhani | 12,453 | * | 44.95 | August 14, 2014 | April 1, 2013 | August 13, 2024 | ||||||||||||||
Leonardo Tavares Dib(3) | 105,000 | * | 8.10 | | August 8, 2013/ January 21, 2014/ August 14, 2014/ | | July 1, 2013 | | June 30, 2023/ January 20, 2024/ August 13, 2024/ |
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Graciela Kumruian Tanaka(4) | 77,460 | * | 8.10 | | May 30, 2012/ April 24, 2014/ March 29, 2017 | | | February 10, 2010/ February 1, 2014 | | | May 29, 2022/ April 23, 2024/ March 29, 2027 | |
(1) | The number of common shares gives effect to the share split. |
(2) | Mr. Nicolas Szekasy has exercised all of his 16,470 share options. |
(3) | The exercisability of the 45,000 share options granted on March 29, 2017 is conditioned on the completion of this offering and requires Mr. Leonardo Tavares Dib to continue in employment with us for a minimum of six months after our initial public offering. |
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(4) | Ms. Graciela Kumruian Tanaka has exercised 17,679 share options (after giving effect to the share split) to date. The exercisability of the 22,500 share options granted on March 29, 2017 is conditioned on the completion of this offering and requires Ms. Graciela Kumruain Tanaka to continue in employment with us for a minimum of six months after our initial public offering. |
* | The common shares that the person has the right to acquire represent less than 1% of our outstanding common shares. |
Family Relationships
Marcio Kumruian, the chairman of our board of directors and chief executive officer and Graciela Kumruian Tanaka, our chief operating officer, are siblings. Hagop Chabab, one of our co-founders, is cousin to Marcio Kumruian and Graciela Kumruian Tanaka.
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The table below contains information regarding the beneficial ownership of our equity securities (after giving effect to the share split) (1) immediately prior to the closing of this offering, (2) following the offering of common shares contemplated hereby, the automatic conversion of the convertible notes into our common shares, assuming no exercise of the over-allotment option, and (3) as adjusted to reflect the sale of common shares in this offering, by:
• | each person who will own beneficially more than 5% of our common shares; |
• | each person who is or will be a member of our board of directors and each of our executive officers; and |
• | all of the persons who are members of our board of directors and all of our executive officers, as a single group. |
Beneficial ownership is determined under SEC rules and generally includes voting or investment power over securities. Except in cases where community property laws apply or as indicated in the footnotes to this table, we believe that each shareholder identified in the table below possesses sole voting and investment power over all common shares shown as beneficially owned by the shareholder in the table. Percentage of beneficial ownership is based on 20,905,227 common shares outstanding as of the date of this prospectus, 30,925,044 common shares outstanding after the completion of this offering (assuming the underwriters’ over-allotment option is not exercised) and 32,162,544 common shares outstanding after the completion of this offering (assuming the underwriters’ fully exercise their over-allotment option). Common shares subject to options, warrants or rights that are exercisable at the time of completion of this offering, or that will be exercisable within 60 days thereafter, are considered to be outstanding and beneficially owned by the person who holds such options, warrants or rights for purposes of computing that person’s common share ownership, but are not treated as outstanding for the purpose of computing the percentage ownership of any other person.
All of our shareholders, including our public shareholders after the closing of this offering, will hold common shares with identical voting rights, preferences and privileges.
Common Shares Beneficially Owned Prior to Offering | Common Shares Beneficially Owned After Offering | Common Shares Beneficially Owned After Offering If Underwriters’ Option Is Exercised In Full | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Name | Number | Percentage | Number | Percentage | Number | Percentage | ||||||||||||||||||
Founders: | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
CDK Net Fund IC(1) | 3,705,588 | 17.7% | 3,758,682 | 12.2% | 3,758,682 | 11.7% | ||||||||||||||||||
HCFT Holdings, LLC(2) | 2,101,422 | 10.1% | 2,119,120 | 6.9% | 2,119,120 | 6.6% | ||||||||||||||||||
Other Investors: | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Tiger Global Investors(3) | 7,897,029 | 37.8% | 8,844,120 | 28.6% | 8,844,120 | 27.5% | ||||||||||||||||||
Archy LLC(4) | 2,224,530 | 10.6% | 2,491,318 | 8.1% | 2,491,318 | 7.7% | ||||||||||||||||||
Clemenceau Investments Pte Ltd.(5) | 1,838,115 | 8.8% | 2,058,560 | 6.7% | 2,058,560 | 6.4% | ||||||||||||||||||
Riverwood Capital Partners(6) | 1,762,242 | 8.4% | 1,973,586 | 6.4% | 1,973,586 | 6.1% | ||||||||||||||||||
Other Directors and Executive Officers: | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Nicolas Szekasy(7) | 20,604 | 0.1% | 20,604 | 0.1% | 20,604 | 0.1% | ||||||||||||||||||
Graciela Kumruian Tanaka(8) | 17,679 | 0.1% | 17,679 | 0.1% | 17,679 | 0.1% | ||||||||||||||||||
Total | 19,567,209 | 93.6% | 21,283,669 | 68.8% | 21,283,669 | 66.2% | ||||||||||||||||||
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(1) | Mr. Marcio Kumruian, the chairman of our board of directors and our chief executive officer, is the sole beneficial owner and indirectly holds common shares in us through his ownership of all participation interests in CDK Net Fund IC, an investment condominium incorporated under the laws of the Commonwealth of the Bahamas for his benefit. The business address for Mr. Marcio Kumruian is Rua Vergueiro 961, Liberdade, CEP 01504-001, São Paulo, SP, Brazil. |
(2) | Mr. Hagop Chabab, a member of our board of directors, indirectly holds common shares in the company through HCFT Holdings, LLC, a trust created for his benefit. Mr. Hagop Chabab’s business address is Rua Vergueiro 961, Liberdade, CEP 01504-001, São Paulo, SP, Brazil. |
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(3) | Consists of common shares held of record by Tiger Global and other affiliates of Tiger Global Management, LLC holding less than 1% of our common shares. Tiger Global Management, LLC is controlled by Chase Coleman, Lee Fixel and Scott Shleifer and has business address at 9 West 57th Street, 35th Floor, New York, NY 10019. |
(4) | Archy LLC shares the power to vote and the power to dispose of these shares with GIC Special Investments Pte. Ltd., or GIC SI, and GIC Private Limited, or GIC, both of which are private limited companies incorporated in Singapore. GIC SI is wholly owned by GIC and is the private equity investment arm of GIC. GIC is wholly owned by the Government of Singapore and was set up with the sole purpose of managing Singapore’s foreign reserves. The Government of Singapore disclaims beneficial ownership of these shares. The business address for Archy LLC is 168 Robinson Road, #37-01 Capital Tower, Singapore 068912. |
(5) | Clemenceau’s business address is 60B Orchard Road, #06-18, Tower 2, the Atrium@Orchard, Singapore 23889. Clemenceau is a direct wholly-owned subsidiary of Seletar Fund Investments Pte Ltd, or Seletar, which in turn is a direct wholly-owned subsidiary of Fullerton Fund Investments Pte Ltd, or Fullerton, which in turn is a direct wholly-owned subsidiary of Temasek Holdings (Private) Limited, or Temasek. By virtue of Clemenceau’s direct ownership of common shares, and Temasek’s, Fullerton’s and Seletar’s indirect ownership of 100% of Clemenceau, Temasek, Fullerton and Seletar may be deemed to beneficially own the common shares held by Clemenceau. |
(6) | Riverwood Capital Partners consists of common shares held of record by Riverwood Capital Partners II, L.P., Riverwood Capital Partners II (Parallel-B) L.P. (collectively, the Riverwood Entities), Boscolo Intervest Limited, and Macro Continental, Inc. Riverwood Capital II L.P. is the general partner of the Riverwood Entities. The general partner of Riverwood Capital II L.P. is Riverwood Capital GP II Ltd. Accordingly, Riverwood Capital II L.P. and Riverwood Capital GP II Ltd. may be deemed to be indirect beneficial owners of the common shares directly held of record by the Riverwood Entities. Riverwood Capital Partners has entered into a voting agreement and irrevocable proxy with Boscolo Intervest Limited and Macro Continental, Inc., and each holder holds less than 1% of our common shares. Riverwood Capital Partners’ business address is 70 Willow Road, Suite 100, Menlo Park, California, USA 94025. |
(7) | Mr. Nicolas Szekasy, a member of our board of directors directly holds less than 1% of our common shares. Mr. Nicolas Szekasy’s business address is Rua Vergueiro 961, Liberdade, CEP 01504-001, São Paulo, SP, Brazil. |
(8) | Ms. Graciela Kumruian Tanaka’s address is Rua Vergueiro 961, Liberdade, CEP 01504-001, São Paulo, SP, Brazil. |
Shareholders’ Agreement
On March 20, 2015, (1) we; (2) Marcio Kumruian, HCFT Holdings, LLC and Hagop Chabab, or the Founders; (3) Tiger Global Private Investment Partners V, L.P. and Tiger Global Private Investment Partners VI, L.P., together Tiger Global; (3) Metal Monkey Trust; (4) Scott Shleifer 2011 Descendants’ Trust; (5) The Feroz Dewan 2010 GRAT IX; (6) Clemenceau Investments Pte Ltd., or Clemenceau; (7) Archy LLC, (8) Riverwood Capital Partners (and, jointly with Tiger Global, Clemenceau, and Archy LLC, the Major Investors); (9) Kaszek Ventures I, L.P., Kaszek Ventures I-A, L.P., Kaszek Ventures I-B L.P. and Kaszek Ventures I-C, L.P., together, Kaszek Investors, (10) Dialvest Ltd., (11) ICQ Investments V LP and ICQ Investments 16, LP, together, ICQ, and (12) International Finance Corporation, or IFC, and, jointly with the Major Investors, collectively referred to as the Investors; entered into the Fourth Amended and Restated Shareholders’ Agreement, or the Shareholders’ Agreement. On February 15, 2017, Marcio Kumruian transferred all of our common shares held by him to CDK Net Limited (an entity converted into an investment condominium incorporated under the laws of the Commonwealth of the Bahamas with the name CDK Net Fund IC on February 20, 2017), which then became a party and bound by the provisions of the Shareholders’ Agreement. On February 15, 2017, Dialvest Ltd. transferred all of our common shares held by it to Nicolas Szekasy, who then became a party and bound by the provisions of the Shareholders Agreement. On March 29, 2017, our shareholders agreed to amend and restate our Shareholders’ Agreement upon the completion of this offering.
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The Shareholders’ Agreement will terminate upon completion of this offering, except for provisions relating to registration rights, non-compete and non-hire/non-solicitation of the Founders (including the related liquidated damages) and other miscellaneous provisions.
The Shareholders’ Agreement governs the rights of the Founders and the Investors as our shareholders, including with respect to registration rights related to our common shares, the right to inspect and to receive information from us, the right to participate in our future equity offerings, as well as other matters such as restrictions in connection with the transfer of our common shares, voting rights and certain other specific covenants imposed on the Founders.
Registration Rights
The Shareholders’ Agreement provides certain registration rights to certain shareholders, including the right of the Investors and the Founders to request that we, at any time after six months from the effective date of a qualified public offering in the United States, file a registration statement under the Securities Act covering the registration of certain securities with an anticipated aggregate offering price of at least US$5.0 million. The Shareholders’ Agreement also grants registration rights in the event we propose to register any of our equity securities under the Securities Act. Additionally, Investors and the Founders may require us to register their common shares on Form F-3 and comply with any other requirements in order to permit or facilitate the sale and distribution of their common shares.
These registration rights described above are subject to certain other terms, limitations and exceptions further detailed in the Shareholders’ Agreement.
Non-Compete; Non-Hire and Non-Solicitation
The Founders are precluded from participating, directly or indirectly in any type of eCommerce business or sporting goods retail business in Latin America, or the Company Business, provided, however, that any such Founder will be allowed to own, directly or indirectly, shares, quotas, rights or financial interest in a company, venture, association or other entity engaged in the Company Business to the extent the Founder is not deemed an Affiliate, as defined under the shareholders agreement, by reason of such ownership or otherwise. This prohibition remains valid as long as the Founders continue to render services to the Company related to the management of its day-to-day business and affairs, and for a two-year period following the rendering of those services. To this effect, each of the Founders will not do any of the following, directly or indirectly, including through any affiliates or immediate family members (i.e., parents, children and spouses), during such time: (1) operate, develop, exploit, invest, engage or pursue any business engaged in the eCommerce Business, sporting goods retail business in Latin America or any portion thereof, or operate, offer or sell products or services for any business engaged in the eCommerce Business, sporting goods retail business in Latin America or any portion thereof; (2) promote or assist, financially or otherwise, any person, firm, association, corporation or other entity directly or indirectly involved, in whole or in part, in the eCommerce Business, sporting goods retail business in Latin America or any portion thereof; and (3) perform consulting or related services directed to or related to the eCommerce Business, sporting goods retail business in Latin America or any portion thereof.
The Founders have agreed not to (1) hire, induce or try to induce any employee or person connected with us or any of our subsidiaries to leave his or her employment or fail to render services to us or our subsidiaries; and (2) not to induce or try to induce any of our and our subsidiaries’ suppliers and/or clients to cease or reduce their business with us and our subsidiaries. This prohibition remains valid as long as the Founders continue to render services to the Company related to the management of its day-to-day business and affairs, and for a two-year period following the rendering of those services.
In the event the Founders violate their non-compete, non-hire or non-solicitation obligations they will be subject to liquidated damages in the amount of R$124.0 million plus any damages effectively incurred as a result of such violation of the Investors.
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IFC Policy Agreement
On March 20, 2015, we entered into a policy agreement with the IFC, or IFC Policy Agreement. This agreement governs certain additional rights granted to IFC in its capacity as our shareholder, including with respect to the right to inspect and to receive information from us, and certain other specific covenants imposed on us, as further detailed below. The IFC Policy Agreement will terminate upon the completion of this offering, except for the reporting and policy covenants imposed on us.
We have agreed to comply with certain affirmative and negative covenants under the IFC Policy Agreement including, among others, reporting covenants as to (1) certain financial and corporate matters and (2) our compliance with social and environmental guidelines set forth in the IFC Policy Agreement. As of the date of this prospectus, we were in compliance with all these covenants. In addition, pursuant to this agreement, IFC is entitled to (1) visit and inspect our sites and premises, (2) have access to our books and records, and (3) have access to our employees and officers.
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CERTAIN RELATIONSHIPS AND RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS
In addition to the compensation arrangements with directors and executive officers described under “Management—Compensation of Directors and Officers” and the registration and other rights of certain of the holders of our common shares as described under “Principal Shareholders—Shareholders’ Agreement—Registration Rights,” the following is a description of each transaction since January 1, 2014 and each currently proposed transaction in which the amount involved in the transactions is material to us and any related party.
Private Equity Placements
May 2014 Investment Round
In May 2014, we sold an aggregate of 1,250,184 of our common shares (prior to giving effect to the share split) at a purchase price of US$134.86 per share, for an aggregate purchase price of US$168.6 million. The following table summarizes purchases of our May 2014 investment round by beneficial owners of our outstanding common shares:
Name of shareholder | Number of Purchased Common Shares | Total Purchase Price | ||||||
Archy LLC | 741,510 | US$ | 100,000,038.60 | |||||
Tiger Global and affiliated entity | 370,754 | 50,000,007.72 | ||||||
Clemenceau | 86,015 | 11,599,982.98 | ||||||
Kaszek Investors | 7,415 | 999,980.90 | ||||||
ICQ | 37,075 | 4,999,934.50 | ||||||
Marcio Kumruian | 7,415 | 999,986.90 | ||||||
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Total | 1,250,184 | US$ | 168,599,931.60 | |||||
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March 2015 Investment Round
In March 2015, we sold an aggregate of 333,678 of our common shares (prior to giving effect to the share split) at a purchase price of US$134.86 per share, for an aggregate purchase price of US$45.0 million. The following table summarizes purchases of our May 2015 investment round by beneficial owners of our outstanding common shares:
Name of shareholder | Number of Purchased Common Shares | Total Purchase Price | ||||||
Riverwood Capital Partners | 185,377 | US$ | 24,999,942.22 | |||||
IFC | 148,301 | 19,999,872.86 | ||||||
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Total | 333,678 | US$ | 44,999,815.08 | |||||
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February 2017 Investment Round
In February 2017, we raised capital from financial investors by issuing notes convertible into our common shares with total proceeds amounting to US$30.0 million (or R$92.3 million, using the exchange rate on the date of the execution of the convertible note purchase agreement). For further information, see “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results Of Operations—Indebtedness—Material Financing Agreements.” The following table summarizes the participation in our February 2017 investment round by beneficial owners of our outstanding common shares:
Name of shareholder | Total Purchase Price | |||
Tiger Global | US$ | 16,054,023.00 | ||
Archy LLC | 4,522,290.00 | |||
Clemenceau | 3,736,739.00 | |||
Riverwood Capital Partners | 3,582,496.00 | |||
IFC | 904,452.00 | |||
CDK Net Fund IC | 900,000.00 | |||
HCFT Holdings, LLC | 300,000.00 | |||
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Total | US$ | 30,000,000.00 | ||
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Agreements relating to our Common Shares
Shareholders’ Agreement
On March 20, 2015, (1) we; (2) the Founders; (3) Tiger Global; (4) Clemenceau; (5) Archy LLC; (6) Riverwood Capital Partners, (7) Kaszek Investors; (8) ICQ and (9) IFC entered into a Shareholders Agreement.
The Shareholders’ Agreement governs the rights of the Founders and the Investors as our shareholders, including with respect to registration rights of our common shares, the right to inspect and to receive information from us, the right to participate in our future equity offerings, as well as other matters such as restrictions in connection with the transfer of our common shares, voting rights and certain other specific covenants imposed on the Founders. The Shareholders’ Agreement will terminate upon completion of this offering, except for provisions relating to registration rights, non-compete and non-hire/non-solicitation (including the related liquidated damages) and other miscellaneous provisions. See “Principal Shareholders—Shareholders’ Agreement.”
IFC Policy Agreement
On March 20, 2015, we entered into the IFC Policy Agreement. This agreement governs certain additional rights granted to IFC in its capacity as our shareholder, including with respect to the right to inspect and to receive information from us, and certain other specific covenants imposed on us. See “Principal Shareholders—IFC Policy Agreement.” The IFC Policy Agreement will terminate upon the completion of this offering, except for the reporting and policy covenants imposed on us.
Management Rights Agreements
On November 13, 2012, we entered into two separate Management Rights Agreements with Tiger Global and the Kaszek Investors and on March 20, 2015 we entered into a Management Rights Agreement with the Riverwood Entities. Each agreement will terminate upon the closing of this offering.
Guarantees provided by Related Parties
One of our Founders, Marcio Kumruian, has personally guaranteed the obligations of our Brazilian subsidiary, NS2, in two financing agreements executed with Banco do Brasil S.A. for an aggregate principal amount of R$266.7 million. For further information, see Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results Of Operations—Indebtedness—Material Financing Agreements.”
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Relationships with our Directors
Marcio Kumruian, the chairman of our board of directors and chief executive officer indirectly holds 17.29% of our common shares through CDK Net Fund IC (prior to giving effect to the automatic conversion of the convertible notes upon the closing of this offering). Mr. Hagop Chabab, a co-founder and a member of our board of directors, is the beneficial owner of HCFT Holdings, LLC, a trust that holds 9.80% of our common shares (prior to giving effect to the automatic conversion of the convertible notes upon the closing of this offering). Nicolas Szekasy, a member of our board of directors holds 0.10% of our common shares directly (prior to giving effect to the automatic conversion of the convertible notes upon the closing of this offering). See “Principal Shareholders.”
Indemnification Agreements
On May 21, 2012, we entered into indemnification agreements with (1) Marcio Kumruian; (2) Hagop Chabab and (3) Graciela Kumruian Tanaka. On November 13, 2012, we entered into an indemnification agreement with Nicolas Szekasy. On May 1, 2013, we entered into an indemnification agreement with Nilesh Lakhani. On May 12, 2014 we entered into an indemnification agreement with Wolfgang Schwerdtle. On March 20, 2015, we entered into an indemnification agreement with Francisco Alvarez-Demalde. On December 1, 2016, we entered into an indemnification agreement with Leonardo Tavares Dib. Pursuant to these agreements, we have agreed to indemnify and hold harmless each beneficiary to the full extent permitted by applicable law if a beneficiary becomes or is threatened with becoming a party to or a participant in any proceeding due to the beneficiary’s relationship with us. We expect to execute similar indemnification agreements with our director nominees, Mr. Frederico Brito e Abreu and Mr. Ricardo Knoepfelmacher, and our chief sales and marketing officer, Mr. André Luiz Shinohara.
In addition, under the terms of these agreements, we have agreed to cover all expenses actually and reasonably incurred by each beneficiary in connection with any proceeding to the extent that such beneficiary has acted in good faith and in a manner he or she reasonably believed to be in or not to opposed our best interests. However, if applicable law so provides, the beneficiaries of these agreements will not be entitled to be indemnified for all expenses actually and reasonably incurred in connection with a proceeding as to which such beneficiary is held liable to us, unless and only to the extent authorized by the court.
Each of these agreements will remain in force while a beneficiary is our officer, a member of our board of directors, or is or was serving at our request as a director, officer, employee or agent of another corporation, partnership, joint venture, trust or other enterprise and thereafter if such beneficiary becomes or is threatened to become a party to or a participant in any proceeding due to such beneficiary’s relationship with us.
Review, Approval or Ratification of Transactions with Related Parties
After completion of this offering, the audit committee of our board of directors will be responsible for analyzing all related party transactions, and will submit them for approval by the disinterested members of our board of directors in accordance with our related party transaction policy. All related party transactions will be made or entered into on terms that are no less favorable than those that can be obtained from unaffiliated third parties. Related party transactions that we have previously entered into were not approved by independent directors, as we had no independent directors at that time. Our Articles of Association and our code of ethics requires that all of our management and employees inform us of any transaction or relationship that comes to their attention that creates or could reasonably be expected to create a conflict of interest.
Upon the effectiveness of the registration statement of which this prospectus forms a part, copies of our policies and procedures concerning related party transactions will be posted on our corporate website at www.netshoes.com/institucional under the Investor Relations section. The inclusion of our website address in this prospectus does not include or incorporate by reference the information on our website into this prospectus.
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Employment Agreements
On June 10, 2013, Leonardo Tavares Dib, our chief financial officer, entered into an employment agreement with our main Brazilian subsidiary, NS2, which contains certain non-compete, non-disclosure, non-hire and non-solicitation provisions. Leonardo Tavares Dib also receives the same employee benefits that we offer to our other executive officers. On March 6, 2017, our chief sales and marketing officer, André Luiz Shinohara, entered into an employment agreement with NS2. André Luiz Shinohara also receives the same employee benefits that we offer to our other executive officers. See “Management—Compensation of Directors and Officers.” We have no other material employment agreements.
Share Option Plan
See “Management—Compensation of Directors and Officers—2012 Share Plan.”
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We are a Cayman Islands exempted company with limited liability duly registered with the Cayman Islands Registrar of Companies. Our corporate purposes are unrestricted and we have the authority to carry out any object not prohibited by any law as provided by Section 7(4) of the Companies Law.
Our affairs are governed by (1) our Fourth Amended and Restated Memorandum and Articles of Association, or Articles of Association, which will become effective upon completion of this offering, and will replace our existing Third Amended and Restated Memorandum and Articles of Association in its entirety, (2) the Companies Law of the Cayman Islands (as revised), or the Companies Law, and (3) the common law of the Cayman Islands.
The following discussion summarizes the material terms of our common shares to be sold in connection with the public offering contemplated by this prospectus. This discussion does not purport to be complete and is qualified in its entirety by reference to our Articles of Association. The form of our Articles of Association is filed as an exhibit to the registration statement of which this prospectus forms a part.
Issued and Authorized Share Capital
As of the date of this prospectus, our authorized share capital is US$72,500 divided into 7,250,000 shares of a nominal or par value of US$0.01 per share (without giving effect to the share split). We have 6,968,409 shares of a nominal or par value of US$0.01 per share (without giving effect to the share split) issued and outstanding, all of which are fully paid and non-assessable as of the date of this prospectus. Accordingly, as of the date of this prospectus, we are authorized to issue 7,250,000 shares of a nominal or par value of US$0.01 per share (without giving effect to the share split).
• | Following the closing of this offering, we will have 30,925,044 common shares with par value US$0.0033 (rounded to 4 decimal places) per share issued and outstanding (or 32,162,544 common shares if the underwriters exercise their over-allotment option in full), all of which will be fully paid-up. We may not make capital calls upon our common shares that are fully paid-up. Shares sold in this offering will be delivered against payment in U.S. dollars upon the closing of the offering in New York, NY on or about . Each common share confers on its holder the right to cast one vote per common share and our shareholders who are non-residents of the Cayman Islands may freely hold and vote their common shares. |
• | Upon completion of this offering, we will have an authorized share capital, including the issued share capital, of US$305,250 and will be authorized to issue up to 92,500,000 common shares (subject to share splits, consolidation of shares or similar transactions) with a nominal or par value of US$0.0033 (rounded to 4 decimal places) each. |
Listing
Our common shares will be listed on the NYSE under the symbol “NETS.” Settlement of the common shares offered in this offering is expected to take place on or about the completion date of this offering through The Depository Trust Company, or DTC, in accordance with its customary settlement procedures for equity securities. Each person owning common shares held through DTC must rely on the procedures thereof and on institutions that have accounts therewith to exercise any rights of a holder of the common shares.
We will list our common shares in registered form and they will not be certificated.
Transfer Agent and Registrar
We have appointed Computershare Trust Company, N.A. as our agent in New York to maintain our shareholders’ register and to act as transfer agent, registrar and paying agent for the common shares. Our common shares will be traded on the NYSE in book-entry form. The transfer agent, registrar and paying agent’s address is 250 Royall Street, Canton, Massachusetts 02021, and its telephone number is (732) 417-3591.
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Issuance of Shares
Our board of directors has general and unconditional authority to grant options over, offer or otherwise deal with or dispose of any unissued shares in our capital without further action by our shareholders (whether forming part of the original or any increased share capital), either at a premium or at par, with or without preferred, deferred or other special rights or restrictions, whether in regard to dividend, voting, return of capital or otherwise and to such persons, on such terms and conditions, and at such times as the directors may decide, but so that no share shall be issued at a discount, except in accordance with the provisions of the Companies Law. We will not issue bearer shares.
Our board of directors, without shareholder approval, may issue preferred shares with voting, conversion or other rights that could adversely affect the voting power and other rights of holders of our common shares. Subject to the directors’ duty of acting in our best interest, preferred shares can be issued quickly with terms calculated to delay or prevent a change in control of us or make removal of management more difficult. Additionally, the issuance of preferred shares may have the effect of decreasing the market price of the common shares, and may adversely affect the voting and other rights of the holders of common shares. Issuance of these preferred shares may dilute the voting power of holders of our common shares.
On April 16, 2012, we adopted our Share Plan, which provides both for the direct award or sale of common shares and for the grant of options to purchase common shares. Our Share Plan is governed by the laws of the Cayman Islands and is limited to the issuance of 631,470 (after giving effect to the share split) of our common shares.
Fiscal Year
Our fiscal year begins on January 1 of each year and ends on December 31 of the same year.
Record Dates
For the purpose of determining shareholders entitled to notice of, or to vote at any general meeting of shareholders or any adjournment thereof, or shareholders entitled to receive dividend or other distribution payments, or in order to make a determination of shareholders for any other purpose, our board of directors may determine a record date which shall not exceed forty (40) clear days prior to the date where the determination will be made.
General Meetings of Shareholders
As a condition of admission to a shareholders’ meeting, a shareholder must be duly registered as our shareholder at the applicable record date for that meeting and all calls or installments then payable by such shareholder to us in respect of our common shares must have been paid.
Subject to any special rights or restrictions as to voting then attached to any shares, at any general meeting every shareholder who is present in person or by proxy (or, in the case of a shareholder being a corporation, by its duly authorized representative not being himself or herself a shareholder entitled to vote) shall have one vote per common share.
As a Cayman Islands exempted company, we are not obliged by the Companies Law to call annual general meetings; however, our Articles of Association provide that in each year we will hold an annual general meeting of shareholders at a time determined by our board of directors. For the annual general meeting of shareholders the agenda will include, among other things, the adoption of our annual accounts and the appropriation of our profits. In addition, the agenda for a general meeting of shareholders will only include such items as have been included therein by the board of directors.
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Also, we may, but are not required to (unless required by the Law), in each year hold any other extraordinary general meeting. Our general meetings of shareholders shall take place in São Paulo, Brazil or in the United States.
The Companies Law of the Cayman Islands provides shareholders with only limited rights to requisition a general meeting, and does not provide shareholders with any right to put any proposal before a general meeting. However, these rights may be provided in a company’s articles of association. Our Articles of Association provide that upon the requisition of shareholders representing not less than one-third of the voting rights entitled to vote at general meetings, our board will convene an extraordinary general meeting and put the resolutions so requisitioned to a vote at such meeting. However, shareholders may propose only ordinary resolutions to be put to a vote at such meeting and shall have no right to propose resolutions with respect to the election, appointment or removal of directors or with respect to the size of the board. Our Articles of Association provide no other right to put any proposals before annual general meetings or extraordinary general meetings.
Subject to regulatory requirements, our annual general meeting and any extraordinary general meetings must be called by not less than ten (10) clear days’ notice prior to the relevant shareholders meeting and convened by a notice discussed below. Alternatively, upon the prior consent of all holders entitled to receive notice, with regards to the annual general meeting, and the holders of 95% in par value of the shares entitled to receive notice of some particular meeting, that meeting may be convened by a shorter notice and in a manner deemed appropriate by those holders.
We will give notice of each general meeting of shareholders by publication on our website, in a Cayman Islands daily newspaper with national distribution and in any other manner that we may be required to follow in order to comply with Cayman Islands law, NYSE and SEC requirements. The holders of registered shares may be convened for a shareholders’ meeting by means of letters sent to the addresses of those shareholders as registered in our shareholders’ register, or, subject to certain statutory requirements, by electronic means. We will observe the statutory minimum convening notice period for a general meeting of shareholders, which is currently seven (7) clear days.
A quorum for a general meeting consists of any one or more persons holding or representing by proxy not less than one-third of our issued voting shares entitled to vote upon the business to be transacted.
A resolution put to the vote of the meeting shall be decided on a poll. An ordinary resolution to be passed by the shareholders requires the affirmative vote of a simple majority of the votes cast by, or on behalf of, the shareholders entitled to vote present in person or by proxy and voting at the meeting. A special resolution requires the affirmative vote of no less than two-thirds of the votes cast by the shareholders entitled to vote who are present in person or by proxy at a general meeting (except for certain matters described below which require an affirmative vote of 95%). Both ordinary resolutions and special resolutions may also be passed by a unanimous written resolution signed by all the shareholders of our company, as permitted by the Companies Law and our Articles of Association.
Our Articles of Association provide that the affirmative vote of no less than 95% of votes cast by the shareholders entitled to vote who are present in person or by proxy at a general meeting shall be required to approve any amendments to any provisions of our Articles of Association that relate to or have an impact upon the procedures regarding the election, appointment, removal of directors and size of the board.
Pursuant to our Articles of Association, the general meeting of shareholders is chaired by the chairman of our board of directors. If the chairman of our board of directors is absent, the directors present at the meeting shall appoint one of them to be chairman of the general meeting. If neither the chairman nor another director is present at the general meeting of shareholders within fifteen minutes after the time appointed for holding the meeting, the directors present may elect any one of them to be chairman. The order of business at each meeting shall be determined by the chairman of the meeting, and he or she shall have the right and authority to prescribe such rules, regulations and procedures and to do all such acts and things as are necessary or desirable for the proper conduct of the meeting, including, without limitation, the establishment of procedures for the maintenance
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of order and safety, limitations on the time allotted to questions or comments on the affairs of the Company, restrictions on entry to such meeting after the time prescribed for the commencement thereof, and the opening and closing of the polls.
Liquidation Rights
Subject to any special rights, privileges or restrictions as to the distribution of available surplus assets on liquidation applicable to any class or classes of shares (1) if we are wound up and the assets available for distribution among our shareholders are more than sufficient to repay the whole of the capital paid up at the commencement of the winding up, the excess shall be distributedpari passu among our shareholders in proportion to the amount paid up at the commencement of the winding up on the shares held by them, respectively, and (2) if we are wound up and the assets available for distribution among our shareholders as such are insufficient to repay the whole of the paid-up capital, those assets shall be distributed so that, as nearly as may be, the losses shall be borne by our shareholders in proportion to the capital paid up at the commencement of the winding up on the shares held by them, respectively.
If we are wound up, the liquidator may with the sanction of a special resolution and any other sanction required by the Companies Law, divide among our shareholders in specie the whole or any part of our assets and may, for such purpose, value any assets and may determine how such division shall be carried out as between the shareholders or different classes of shareholders. The liquidator may also, with the sanction of a special resolution, vest any part of these assets in trustees upon such trusts for the benefit of our shareholders as the liquidator shall think fit, but so that no shareholder will be compelled to accept any assets, shares or other securities upon which there is a liability.
Changes to Capital
Pursuant to our Articles of Association, we may from time to time by shareholders resolution passed by a simple majority of the voting rights entitled to vote at a general meeting:
• | increase our capital by such sum, to be divided into shares of such amounts, as the relevant resolution shall prescribe; |
• | consolidate and divide all or any of our share capital into shares of larger amount than our existing shares; |
• | convert all or any of its paid up shares into stock and reconvert that stock into paid up shares of any denomination; |
• | sub-divide our existing shares, or any of them, into shares of smaller amounts than is fixed pursuant to our Articles of Association; and |
• | cancel any shares which at the date of the passing of the resolution have not been taken or agreed to be taken by any person, and diminish the amount of our share capital by the amount of the shares so cancelled, subject to the provisions of the Companies Law. |
In addition, subject to the provisions of the Companies Law and our Articles of Association, we may:
• | issue shares on terms that they are to be redeemed or are liable to be redeemed; |
• | purchase our own shares (including any redeemable shares); and |
• | make a payment in respect of the redemption or purchase of our own shares in any manner authorized by the Companies Law, including out of our capital. |
Transfer of Shares
Subject to any applicable restrictions set forth in our Articles of Association, any of our shareholders may transfer all or a portion of their common shares by an instrument of transfer in the usual or common form or in the form prescribed by the NYSE or in any other form which our board of directors may approve.
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Our common shares will be traded on the NYSE in book-entry form and may be transferred in accordance with Articles of Association and the rules and regulations of such exchange.
Our board of directors may, in its absolute discretion, refuse to register a transfer of any common share that is not a fully paid up share to a person of whom it does not approve, or any common share issued under any share incentive scheme for employees upon which a restriction on transfer imposed thereby still subsists, and it may also, without prejudice to the foregoing generality, refuse to register a transfer of any common share to more than four joint holders or a transfer of any share that is not a fully paid up share on which we have a lien. Our board of directors may also decline to register any transfer of any registered common share unless:
• | a fee of such maximum sum as the NYSE may determine to be payable or such lesser sum as the board of directors may from time to time require is paid to us in respect thereof; |
• | the instrument of transfer is in respect of only one class of shares; |
• | the common shares transferred are fully paid and free of any lien; |
• | the instrument of transfer is lodged at the registered office or such other place (i.e., our transfer agent) at which the register of shareholders is kept in accordance with the accompanied by any relevant share certificate(s) and/or such other evidence as the board of directors may reasonably require to show the right of the transferor to make the transfer; and |
• | if applicable, the instrument of transfer is duly and properly stamped. |
If our board of directors refuse to register a transfer, they are required, within one month after the date on which the instrument of transfer was lodged, to send to each of the transferor and the transferee notice of such refusal.
Share Repurchase
We are empowered by the Companies Law and our Articles of Association to purchase our own shares, subject to certain restrictions. Our board of directors may only exercise this power on our behalf, subject to the Companies Law, our Articles of Association and to any applicable requirements imposed from time to time by the SEC, the NYSE, or by any recognized stock exchange on which our securities are listed.
Dividends and Capitalization of Profits
Subject to the Companies Law, our shareholders may, by resolution passed by a simple majority of the voting rights entitled to vote at the general meeting, declare dividends (including interim dividends) to be paid to our shareholders but no dividend shall be declared in excess of the amount recommended by our board of directors. Dividends may be declared and paid out of funds lawfully available to us. Except as otherwise provided by the rights attached to shares, all dividends shall be declared and paid according to the amounts paid up on the shares on which the dividend is paid. All dividends shall be paid in proportion to the number of common shares a shareholder holds during any portion or portions of the period in respect of which the dividend is paid; but, if any share is issued on terms providing that it shall rank for dividend as from a particular date, that share shall rank for dividend accordingly. Our board of directors may also declare and pay dividends out of the share premium account or any other fund or account which can be authorized for this purpose in accordance with the Companies Law.
In addition, our board of directors may:
• | resolve to capitalize any undivided profits not required for paying any preferential dividend (whether or not they are available for distribution) or any sum standing to the credit of the our share premium account or capital redemption reserve; |
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• | appropriate the sum resolved to be capitalized to the shareholders who would have been entitled to it if it were distributed by way of dividend and in the same proportions and apply such sum on their behalf either in or towards paying up the amounts, if any, for the time being unpaid on any shares held by them respectively, or in paying up in full unissued shares or debentures of a nominal amount equal to such sum, and allot the shares or debentures credited as fully paid to those shareholders, or as they may direct, in those proportions, or partly in one way and partly in the other; |
• | resolve that any shares so allotted to any shareholder in respect of a holding by him/her of any partly-paid shares rank for dividend, so long as such shares remain partly paid, only to the extent that such partly paid shares rank for dividend; |
• | make such provision by the issue of fractional certificates or by payment in cash or otherwise as they determine in the case of shares or debentures becoming distributable under our Articles of Association in fractions; and |
• | authorize any person to enter on behalf of all our shareholders concerned in an agreement with us providing for the allotment of them respectively, credited as fully paid, of any shares or debentures to which they may be entitled upon such capitalization, any agreement made under such authority being binding on all such shareholders. |
Appointment, Disqualification and Removal of Directors
We are managed by our board of directors, which will consist of a specified number of directors determined, from time to time, by a majority of the directors then in office. Our Articles of Association provide that, unless otherwise determined by a special resolution of shareholders in a general meeting, the minimum number of directors will be four. There are no provisions relating to retirement of directors upon reaching any age limit. Our Articles of Association also provide that our board of directors must always comply with the residency and citizenship requirements of the U.S. securities laws applicable to foreign private issuers.
Our Articles of Association provide that persons standing for election as directors at a duly constituted annual general meeting with requisite quorum shall be elected by an ordinary resolution of our shareholders, which requires the affirmative vote of a simple majority of the votes cast on the resolution by the shareholders entitled to vote who are present in person or by proxy at the meeting. Each director shall be appointed and elected to a term expiring at the applicable annual shareholders meeting as set forth below or at such time as such director’ successor is appointed and elected.
Our board of directors is divided into three classes designated as Class I, Class II and Class III, respectively, with as nearly equal a number of directors in each group as possible. At the annual general meeting of our shareholders to be held in 2018, the term of office of the Class I directors will expire and Class I directors will be elected for a full term of three years. At the annual general meeting of our shareholders to be held in 2019, the term of office of the Class II directors will expire and Class II directors will be elected for a full term of three years. At the annual general meeting of our shareholders to be held in 2020, the term of office of the Class III directors will expire and Class III directors will be elected for a full term of three years. At each succeeding annual general meeting of our shareholders, directors will be elected for a full term of three years to succeed the directors of the class whose terms expire at such annual general meeting. The persons to stand for election at each annual general meeting of the Company will be nominated by our board of directors.
Upon completion of this offering, the Class I directors will initially consist of Marcio Kumruian and Francisco Alvarez-Demalde; the Class II directors will initially consist of Frederico Brito e Abreu and Ricardo Knoepfelmacher; and the Class III directors will initially consist of Nilesh Lakhani.
Any vacancies on our board of directors arising other than upon the expiry of a Director’s term at an annual general meeting or additions to the existing board of directors can be filled only by the affirmative vote of a
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simple majority of the remaining directors holding office, although these directors constitute less than a quorum. Shareholders do not have the right to nominate, elect or remove directors, or to fill vacancies on our board of directors, other than upon the expiry of a director’s term at the relevant annual general meeting.
Upon the completion of the offering, our board of directors will have in place an audit committee. See “Management—Board Committee.”
Grounds for Removing a Director
A director will be removed from office if the director:
• | becomes prohibited by law from being a director; |
• | becomes bankrupt or makes any arrangement or composition with his creditors generally; |
• | dies, or is, in the opinion of all his co-directors, incapable by reason of mental disorder of discharging his duties as director; |
• | resigns his office by notice to us; and |
• | he has for more than six months been absent without permission of the directors from meetings of the board of directors held during that period, and the directors resolve that his/her office be vacated. |
Replacement directors must be nominated by our board of directors. Shareholders do not have the right to remove directors.
Proceedings of the Board of Directors
Our Articles of Association provide that our business is to be managed and conducted by our board of directors. The quorum necessary for the board meeting may be fixed by the board and, unless so fixed at another number, will be a majority of the board of directors then holding office and business at any meeting shall be decided by a majority of votes. In the case of an equality of votes, the chairman shall have a casting vote.
Subject to the provisions of the Articles of Association, our board of directors may regulate their proceedings as they determine is appropriate, provided that a meeting shall be held at least once every calendar quarter and shall take place either in São Paulo, Brazil or in the United States or elsewhere previously agreed among the members of our board of directors.
Subject to the provisions of the Articles of Association, to any directions given by the affirmative vote of a simple majority of the votes cast on the resolution by the shareholders entitled to vote who are present in the meeting and the listing rules of the NYSE, our board of directors may from time to time at its discretion exercise all powers of our company, including to raise capital or borrow money, to mortgage or charge all or any part of the undertaking, property and assets (present and future) and uncalled capital of our company and, subject to the Companies Law, issue debentures, bonds and other securities of our company, whether outright or as collateral security for any debt, liability or obligation of our company or of any third party.
Inspection of Books and Records
Holders of common shares will have no general right under Cayman Islands law to inspect or obtain copies of our list of shareholders or our corporate records. However, our board of directors may determine from time to time whether our accounting records and books shall be open to the inspection of our shareholders not members of our board of directors. Notwithstanding the above, our Articles of Association provide our shareholders with the right to receive annual audited financial statements. Such right to receive annual audited financial statements may be satisfied by filing such annual reports as we are required to file with the SEC.
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Register of Shareholders
The common shares offered in this offering will be held through DTC, and DTC or Cede & Co., as nominee for DTC, will be recorded in our shareholders register as the holder of our common shares.
Under Cayman Islands law, we must keep a register of shareholders that includes:
(a) | the names and addresses of the shareholders, a statement of the shares held by each member, and of the amount paid or agreed to be considered as paid, on the shares of each member; |
(b) | the date on which the name of any person was entered on the register as a member; and |
(c) | the date on which any person ceased to be a member. |
Exempted Company
We are an exempted company with limited liability under the Companies Law of the Cayman Islands. The Companies Law in the Cayman Islands distinguishes between ordinary resident companies and exempted companies. Any company that is registered in the Cayman Islands but conducts business mainly outside of the Cayman Islands may apply to be registered as an exempted company. The requirements for an exempted company are essentially the same as for an ordinary company except for the exemptions and privileges listed below:
• | an exempted company does not have to file an annual return of its shareholders with the Registrar of Companies; |
• | an exempted company’s register of shareholders is not open to inspection; |
• | an exempted company does not have to hold an annual general meeting; |
• | an exempted company need not issue par value, negotiable or bearer shares; |
• | an exempted company may obtain an undertaking against the imposition of any future taxation (such undertakings are usually given for 20 years in the first instance); |
• | an exempted company may register by way of continuation in another jurisdiction and be deregistered in the Cayman Islands; |
• | an exempted company may register as a limited duration company; and |
• | an exempted company may register as a segregated portfolio company. |
“Limited liability” means that the liability of each shareholder is limited to the amount unpaid by the shareholder on the shares of the company (except in exceptional circumstances, such as involving fraud, the establishment of an agency relationship or an illegal or improper purpose or other circumstances in which a court may be prepared to pierce or lift the corporate veil). Upon the closing of this offering, we will be subject to reporting and other informational requirements of the Exchange Act, as applicable to foreign private issuers.
Anti-Takeover Provisions in our Articles of Association
Some provisions of our Articles of Association may discourage, delay or prevent a change in control of our company or management that shareholders may consider favorable, including provisions that:
• | authorize our board of directors to issue preference shares in one or more series and to designate the price, rights, preferences, privileges and restrictions of such preference shares without any further vote or action by our shareholders; |
• | limit the ability of shareholders to requisition and convene general meetings of shareholders; |
• | limit the ability of our shareholders to elect and remove our directors, and to fill any vacancy on our board of directors; and |
• | limit the ability of our shareholders to amend our Articles of Association. |
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However, under Cayman Islands law, our board of directors may only exercise the rights and powers granted to them under our Articles of Association, for what they believe in good faith to be in the best interests of our company.
Protection of Minority Shareholders
The Grand Court of the Cayman Islands may, on the application of shareholders holding not less than one fifth of our shares in issue, appoint an inspector to examine our affairs and report thereon in a manner as the Grand Court shall direct.
Subject to the provisions of the Companies Law, any shareholder may petition the Grand Court of the Cayman Islands which may make a winding up order, if the court is of the opinion that it is just and equitable that we should be wound up.
Notwithstanding U.S. securities laws and regulations applicable to us, general corporate claims against us by our shareholders must, as a general rule, be based on the general laws of contract or tort applicable in the Cayman Islands or their individual rights as shareholders as established by our Articles of Association.
The Cayman Islands courts ordinarily would be expected to follow English case law precedents, which permit a minority shareholder to commence a representative action against us, or derivative actions in our name, to challenge (1) an act which isultra vires or illegal, (2) an act which constitutes a fraud against the minority and the wrongdoers themselves control us, and (3) an irregularity in the passing of a resolution that requires a qualified (or special) majority.
Differences in Corporate Law
The Companies Law is modelled after similar laws in England and Wales but does not follow recent statutory enactments in England and Wales. In addition, the Companies Law differs from laws applicable to U.S. corporations and their shareholders. Set forth below is a summary of the significant differences between the provisions of the Companies Law applicable to us and the laws applicable to companies incorporated in the United States and their shareholders.
Mergers and Similar Arrangements
The Companies Law permits mergers and consolidations between Cayman Islands companies and between Cayman Islands companies and non-Cayman Islands companies.
For these purposes, (a) “merger” means the merging of two or more constituent companies and the vesting of their undertaking, property and liabilities in one of such companies as the surviving company and (b) a “consolidation” means the combination of two or more constituent companies into a consolidated company and the vesting of the undertaking, property and liabilities of such companies in the consolidated company. In order to effect such a merger or consolidation, the directors of each constituent company must approve a written plan of merger or consolidation, which must then be authorized by either (a) a special resolution of the shareholders of each constituent company; and (b) such other authorization, if any, as may be specified in such constituent company’s articles of association. The plan must be filed with the Registrar of Companies together with a declaration as to: (1) the solvency of the consolidated or surviving company, (2) the merger or consolidation is bona fide and not intended to defraud unsecured creditors of the constituent companies; (3) no petition or other similar proceeding has been filed and remains outstanding and no order or resolution to wind up the company in any jurisdiction, (4) no receiver, trustee, administrator or similar person has been appointed in any jurisdiction and is acting in respect of the constituent company, its affairs or property, (5) no scheme, order, compromise or similar arrangement has been entered into or made in any jurisdiction with creditors; (6) a list of the assets and liabilities of each constituent company; (7) the non-surviving constituent company has retired from any fiduciary office held or will do so; (8) that the constituent company has complied with any requirements under the regulatory laws, where relevant; and (9) an undertaking that a copy of the certificate of merger or consolidation will be given to the members and creditors of each constituent company and published in the Cayman Islands Gazette.
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Dissenting shareholders have the right to be paid the fair value of their shares (which, if not agreed between the parties, may be determined by the Cayman Islands’ court) if they follow the required procedures, subject to certain exceptions. Court approval is not required for a merger or consolidation which is effected in compliance with these statutory procedures.
In addition, there are statutory provisions that facilitate the reconstruction and amalgamation of companies, provided that the arrangement in question is approved by a majority in number of each class of shareholders and creditors with whom the arrangement is to be made, and who must in addition represent three-fourths in value of each such class of shareholders or creditors, as the case may be, that are present and voting either in person or by proxy at a meeting, or meetings convened for that purpose. The convening of the meetings and subsequently the arrangement must be sanctioned by the Grand Court of the Cayman Islands. While a dissenting shareholder would have the right to express to the court the view that the transaction should not be approved, the court can be expected to approve the arrangement if it satisfies itself that:
• | we are not proposing to act illegally orultra vires and the statutory provisions as to majority vote have been complied with; |
• | the shareholders have been fairly represented at the meeting in question; |
• | the arrangement is such that may be reasonably approved by an intelligent and honest man of that class acting in respect of his interest; and |
• | the arrangement is not one that would more properly be sanctioned under some other provision of the Companies Law or that would amount to a “fraud on the minority.” |
When a takeover offer is made and accepted by holders of 90.0% of the shares within four months, the offeror may, within a two-month period, require the holders of the remaining shares to transfer such shares on the terms of the offer. An objection may be made to the Grand Court of the Cayman Islands but is unlikely to succeed unless there is evidence of fraud, bad faith or collusion.
If the arrangement and reconstruction are thus approved, any dissenting shareholders would have no rights comparable to appraisal rights, which might otherwise ordinarily be available to dissenting shareholders of U.S. corporations and allow such dissenting shareholders to receive payment in cash for the judicially determined value of their shares.
Shareholders’ Suits
Class actions are not recognized in the Cayman Islands, but groups of shareholders with identical interests may bring representative proceedings, which are similar. However, a class action suit could nonetheless be brought in a U.S. court pursuant to an alleged violation of U.S. securities laws and regulations.
In principle, we will normally be the proper plaintiff and as a general rule, whilst a derivative action may be initiated by a minority shareholder on our behalf in a Cayman Islands court, such shareholder will not be able to continue those proceedings without the permission of a Grand Court judge, who will only allow the action to continue if the shareholder can demonstrate that the Company has a good case against the Defendant, and that it is proper for the shareholder to continue the action rather than our board of directors. Examples of circumstances in which derivative actions would be permitted to continue are where:
• | a company is acting or proposing to act illegally or beyond the scope of its authority; |
• | the act complained of, although not beyond the scope of its authority, could be effected duly if authorized by more than a simple majority vote that has not been obtained; and |
• | those who control the company are perpetrating a “fraud on the minority.” |
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Corporate Governance
Cayman Islands law restricts transactions with directors unless there are provisions in the Articles of Association which provide a mechanism to alleviate possible conflicts of interest. Additionally, Cayman Islands Law imposes on directors’ duties of care and skill and fiduciary duties to the companies which they serve. Under our Articles of Association, a director must disclose the nature and extent of his material interest in any contract or arrangement, and the interested director may not vote at any meeting on any resolution concerning the interested matter. The interested director shall be counted in the quorum at such meeting and the resolution may be passed by a majority of the disinterested directors present at the meeting, even if the disinterested directors constitute less than a quorum.
Indemnification of Directors and Executive Officers and Limitation of Liability
The Companies Law does not limit the extent to which a company’s articles of association may provide for indemnification of directors and officers, except to the extent that it may be held by the Cayman Islands courts to be contrary to public policy, such as to provide indemnification against civil fraud or the consequences of committing a crime. Our Articles of Association provides that we shall indemnify and hold harmless our directors and officers against all actions, proceedings, costs, charges, expenses, losses, damages, liabilities, judgments, fines, settlements and other amounts incurred or sustained by such directors or officers, other than by reason of such person’s dishonesty, willful default or fraud, in or about the conduct of our company’s business or affairs (including as a result of any mistake of judgment) or in the execution or discharge of his duties, powers, authorities or discretions, including without prejudice to the generality of the foregoing, any costs, expenses, losses or liabilities incurred by such director or officer in defending (whether successfully or otherwise) any civil proceedings concerning our company or its affairs in any court whether in the Cayman Islands or elsewhere. This standard of conduct is generally the same as permitted under the Delaware General Corporation Law for a Delaware corporation. In addition, we entered into indemnification agreements with our directors and executive officers that will provide such persons with additional indemnification beyond that provided in our Articles of Association.
Insofar as indemnification for liabilities arising under the Securities Act may be permitted to our directors, officers or persons controlling us under the foregoing provisions, we have been informed that, in the opinion of the SEC, this indemnification is against public policy as expressed in the Securities Act and is therefore unenforceable.
Directors’ Fiduciary Duties
As a matter of Cayman Islands law, a director of a Cayman Islands company is in the position of a fiduciary with respect to the company. Accordingly, directors owe fiduciary duties to their companies to actbona fide in what they consider to be the best interests of the company, to exercise their powers for the purposes for which they are conferred and not to place themselves in a position where there is a conflict between their personal interests and their duty to the company. Accordingly, a director owes a company a duty not to make a profit based on his or her position as director (unless the company permits him or her to do so) and a duty not to put himself or herself in a position where the interests of the company conflict with his or her personal interest or his or her duty to a third party. In addition, directors of a Cayman Islands company must not therefore place themselves in a position in which there is a conflict between their duty to the company and their personal interests. However, this obligation may be varied by the company’s articles of association, which may permit a director to vote on a matter in which he has a personal interest provided that he has disclosed that nature of his interest to the board of directors. Our Articles of Association provides that a director must disclose the nature and extent of his material interest in any contract or arrangement, and such director may not vote at any meeting on any resolution concerning such interested matter.
A director of a Cayman Islands company also owes to the company duties to exercise independent judgment in carrying out his functions and to exercise reasonable skill, care and diligence, which has both objective and
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subjective elements. Recent Cayman Islands case law confirmed that directors must exercise the care, skill and diligence that would be exercised by a reasonably diligent person having the general knowledge, skill and experience reasonably to be expected of a person acting as a director. Additionally, a director must exercise the knowledge, skill and experience which he actually possesses.
A general notice may be given at a meeting of the board of directors to the effect that (1) the director is a member or officer of a specified company or firm and is to be regarded as interested in any contract or arrangement which may after the date of the notice in writing be made with that company or firm; or (2) he is to be regarded as interested in any contract or arrangement which may after the date of the notice in writing to the board of directors be made with a specified person who is connected with him or her, will be deemed sufficient declaration of interest. This notice shall specify the nature of the interest in question. Following the disclosure being made pursuant to our Articles of Association and subject to any separate requirement under applicable law or the listing rules of NYSE, a director may not vote in respect of any contract or arrangement in which he or she is interested but may be counted in the quorum at the meeting. However, even if a director discloses his interest and is therefore permitted to vote, he must still comply with his duty to actbona fide in the best interest of our company.
In comparison, under Delaware corporate law, a director of a Delaware corporation has a fiduciary duty to the corporation and its shareholders. This duty has two components: the duty of care and the duty of loyalty. The duty of care requires that a director act in good faith, with the care that an ordinarily prudent person would exercise under similar circumstances. Under this duty, a director must inform himself or herself of, and disclose to shareholders, all material information reasonably available regarding a significant transaction. The duty of loyalty requires that a director act in a manner he or she reasonably believes to be in the best interests of the corporation. He or she must not use his or her corporate position for personal gain or advantage. This duty prohibits self-dealing by a director and mandates that the best interest of the corporation and its shareholders take precedence over any interest possessed by a director, officer or controlling shareholder and not shared by the shareholders generally. In general, actions of a director are presumed to have been made on an informed basis, in good faith and in the honest belief that the action taken was in the best interests of the corporation. However, this presumption may be rebutted by evidence of a breach of one of the fiduciary duties. Should such evidence be presented concerning a transaction by a director, a director must prove the procedural fairness of the transaction, and that the transaction was of fair value to the corporation.
Shareholder Proposals
Under the Delaware General Corporation Law, a shareholder has the right to put any proposal before the annual meeting of shareholders, provided it complies with the notice provisions in the governing documents. The Delaware General Corporation Law does not provide shareholders an express right to put any proposal before the annual meeting of shareholders, but Delaware corporations generally afford shareholders an opportunity to make proposals and nominations provided that they comply with the notice provisions in the certificate of incorporation or bylaws. A special meeting may be called by the board of directors or any other person authorized to do so in the governing documents, but shareholders may be precluded from calling special meetings.
The Companies Law of the Cayman Islands provides shareholders with only limited rights to requisition a general meeting, and does not provide shareholders with any right to put any proposal before a general meeting. However, these rights may be provided in a company’s articles of association. Our Articles of Association provide that upon the requisition of shareholders representing not less than one-third of the voting rights entitled to vote at general meetings, our board will convene an extraordinary general meeting and put the resolutions so requisitioned to a vote at such meeting. However, shareholders may propose only ordinary resolutions to be put to a vote at such meeting and shall have no right to propose resolutions with respect to the election, appointment or removal of directors or with respect to the size of the board. Our Articles of Association provide no other right to put any proposals before annual general meetings or extraordinary general meetings.
Cumulative Voting
Under the Delaware General Corporation Law, cumulative voting for elections of directors is not permitted unless the corporation’s certificate of incorporation specifically provides for it. Cumulative voting potentially
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facilitates the representation of minority shareholders on a board of directors since it permits the minority shareholder to cast all the votes to which the shareholder is entitled on a single director, which increases the shareholder’s voting power with respect to electing such director. As permitted under Cayman Islands law, our Articles of Association do not provide for cumulative voting. As a result, our shareholders are not afforded any less protections or rights on this issue than shareholders of a Delaware corporation.
Removal of Directors
Under our Articles of Association, our shareholders generally do not have the right to remove directors. A director will be removed from office automatically if, among other things, he or she (1) becomes prohibited by law from being a director, (2) becomes bankrupt or makes an arrangement or composition with his creditors, (3) dies or is in the opinion of all his co-directors, incapable by reason of mental disorder of discharging his duties as director (4) resigns his office by notice to us or (5) has for more than six months been absent without permission of the directors from meetings of the board of directors held during that period, and the directors resolve that his/her office be vacated.
Transactions with Interested Shareholders
The Delaware General Corporation Law provides that; unless the corporation has specifically elected not to be governed by this statute, it is prohibited from engaging in certain business combinations with an “interested shareholder” for three years following the date that this person becomes an interested shareholder. An interested shareholder generally is a person or a group who or which owns or owned 15% or more of the target’s outstanding voting shares or who or which is an affiliate or associate of the corporation and owned 15% or more of the corporation’s outstanding voting shares within the past three years. This has the effect of limiting the ability of a potential acquirer to make a two-tiered bid for the target in which all shareholders would not be treated equally. The statute does not apply if, among other things, prior to the date on which the shareholder becomes an interested shareholder, the board of directors approves either the business combination or the transaction which resulted in the person becoming an interested shareholder. This encourages any potential acquirer of a Delaware corporation to negotiate the terms of any acquisition transaction with the target’s board of directors.
Cayman Islands law has no comparable statute. As a result, we cannot avail ourselves of the types of protections afforded by the Delaware business combination statute. However, although Cayman Islands law does not regulate transactions between a company and its significant shareholders, it does provide that these transactions must be entered intobona fide in the best interests of the company and for a proper corporate purpose and not with the effect of constituting a fraud on the minority shareholders.
Dissolution; Winding Up
Under the Delaware General Corporation Law, unless the board of directors approves the proposal to dissolve, dissolution must be approved by shareholders holding 100% of the total voting power of the corporation. If the dissolution is initiated by the board of directors it may be approved by a simple majority of the corporation’s outstanding shares. Delaware law allows a Delaware corporation to include in its certificate of incorporation a supermajority voting requirement in connection with dissolutions initiated by the board. Under Cayman Islands law, a company may be wound up by either an order of the courts of the Cayman Islands or by a special resolution of its members or, if the company is unable to pay its debts as they fall due, by an ordinary resolution of its members. The court has authority to order winding up in a number of specified circumstances including where it is, in the opinion of the court, just and equitable to do so.
Under the Companies Law of the Cayman Islands and our Articles of Association, our company may be dissolved, liquidated or wound up by a shareholder resolution passed by a majority of at least two-thirds of the voting rights entitled to vote at a general meeting of our shareholders.
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Variation of Rights of Shares
Under the Delaware General Corporation Law, a corporation may vary the rights of a class of shares with the approval of a majority of the outstanding shares of that class, unless the certificate of incorporation provides otherwise. Under Cayman Islands law and our Articles of Association, if our share capital is divided into more than one class of shares, we may vary the rights attached to any class only with the sanction of a special resolution passed at a separate meeting of the holders of the shares of that class.
Also, except with respect to share capital (as described above), alterations to our Articles of Association may only be made by special resolution of no less than two-thirds of voting rights entitled to vote at a meeting of our shareholders.
Amendment of Governing Documents
Under the Delaware General Corporation Law, a corporation’s certificate of incorporation may be amended only if adopted and declared advisable by the board of directors and approved by a majority of the outstanding shares entitled to vote, and the bylaws may be amended with the approval of a majority of the outstanding shares entitled to vote and may, if so provided in the certificate of incorporation, also be amended by the board of directors. Under Cayman Islands law, our Articles of Association generally may only be amended by special resolution of no less than two-thirds of voting rights entitled to vote at a meeting of our shareholders and provisions related to the election, appointment and removal or the size of the board may only be amended by a special resolution of at least 95% of voting rights entitled to vote at a meeting of our shareholders.
Rights of Non-Resident or Foreign Shareholders
There are no limitations imposed by our Articles of Association on the rights of non-resident or foreign shareholders to hold or exercise voting rights on our shares. In addition, there are no provisions in our Articles of Association governing the ownership threshold above which shareholder ownership must be disclosed.
Registration Rights and Restricted Shares
Although our Shareholders’ Agreement will terminate upon completion of this offering, the registration rights provisions, among other provisions, will continue to be in force. This includes the right of the Investors and the Founders to request that we, at any time after six months from the effective date of a qualified public offering in the United States, file a registration statement under the Securities Act covering the registration of certain securities with an anticipated aggregate offering price of at least $5 million. The Shareholders’ Agreement also grants registration rights in the event we propose to register any of our equity securities under the Securities Act. Additionally, the Investors and the Founders may request us to effect a registration on Form F-3 and comply with such other requirements in order to permit or facilitate the sale and distribution of such shareholders’ shares.
These registration rights described above are subject to certain other terms, limitations and exceptions further detailed in the Shareholders’ Agreement. For further information on our Shareholders’ Agreement, see “Principal Shareholders—Shareholders’ Agreement.”
Lock-up agreements. Subject to certain conditions and waivers, at our request or the request of the underwriters of an underwritten offering, certain holders of our registrable securities will agree not to sell or otherwise transfer or dispose any of their registrable securities for up to 180 days from the listing date of our shares in such underwritten offering, subject to certain exceptions. See “Underwriting.”
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SHARES ELIGIBLE FOR FUTURE SALE
Prior to this offering, there has been no public market for our common shares, and we cannot assure you that a significant public market for our common shares will develop or be sustained after this offering. Future sales of substantial amounts of our common shares in the public market after this offering, or the possibility of these sales occurring, could materially and adversely affect the prevailing market prices. Furthermore, since only a limited number of common shares will be available for sale shortly after this offering because of contractual and legal restrictions on resale described below, sales of substantial amounts of common shares in the public market after those restrictions lapse could adversely affect the prevailing market price for our common shares, as well as our ability to raise equity capital in the future.
Upon the completion of this offering, 30,925,044 common shares will be outstanding. The common shares to be sold in this offering will be freely tradable, except that any common shares acquired by our “affiliates,” as that term is defined in Rule 144 under the Securities Act, in this offering may only be sold in compliance with the limitations described below. The remaining common shares outstanding after this offering will be restricted as a result of securities laws or lock-up agreements as described below. Following the expiration of the lock-up period, all common shares will be eligible for resale in compliance with Rule 144 or Rule 701. “Restricted securities” as defined under Rule 144 were issued and sold by us in reliance on exemptions from the registration requirements of the Securities Act. These common shares may be sold in the public market only if registered or pursuant to an exemption from registration, such as Rule 144 or Rule 701 under the Securities Act.
Lock-up Agreements
Prior to this offering, we, certain of our shareholders and all of our directors and executive officers have agreed with the underwriters that, for a period of 180 days following the date of this prospectus, we or they will not offer, sell, contract to sell, pledge, grant an option to purchase, make any short sale or otherwise dispose of any of our common shares, or any options or warrants to purchase our common shares or any securities so owned convertible into or exchangeable for our common shares, subject to specified exceptions, as set forth in the section entitled “Underwriting.” Goldman, Sachs & Co. and J.P. Morgan Securities LLC on behalf of the underwriters may, in their sole discretion, at any time without prior notice, release all or any portion of the common shares from the restrictions in any such agreement.
Rule 144
In general, under Rule 144 as currently in effect, once we have been subject to public company reporting requirements for at least 90 days, a person who is not deemed to have been one of our affiliates for purposes of the Securities Act at any time during the 90 days preceding a sale and who has beneficially owned the common shares proposed to be sold for at least six months, including the holding period of any prior owner other than our affiliates, is entitled to sell such common shares without complying with the manner of sale, volume limitation or notice provisions of Rule 144, subject to compliance with the public information requirements of Rule 144. If such a person has beneficially owned the common shares proposed to be sold for at least one year, including the holding period of any prior owner other than our affiliates, then such person is entitled to sell such common shares without complying with any of the requirements of Rule 144.
In general, under Rule 144, as currently in effect, our affiliates or persons selling common shares on behalf of our affiliates are entitled to sell upon the expiration of the lock-up agreements described above, within any three-month period beginning 90 days after the date of this prospectus, a number of common shares that does not exceed the greater of:
• | 1% of the number of common shares then outstanding, which immediately after this offering will equal approximately 309,250 common shares; or |
• | the average weekly trading volume of the common shares during the four calendar weeks preceding the filing of a notice on Form 144 with respect to such sale. |
Sales under Rule 144 by our affiliates or persons selling common shares on behalf of our affiliates are also subject to certain manner of sale provisions and notice requirements and to the availability of current public information about us.
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Rule 701
Rule 701 generally allows a shareholder who purchased common shares pursuant to a written compensatory plan or contract and who is not deemed to have been an affiliate of our company during the immediately preceding 90 days to sell these common shares in reliance upon Rule 144, but without being required to comply with the public information, holding period, volume limitation, or notice provisions of Rule 144. Rule 701 also permits affiliates of our company to sell their Rule 701 common shares under Rule 144 without complying with the holding period requirements of Rule 144. All holders of Rule 701 common shares, however, are required to wait until 90 days after the date of this prospectus before selling such common shares pursuant to Rule 701.
Registration Rights
Upon completion of this offering, holders of 73.0% of our common shares will be entitled to various rights with respect to the registration of these common shares under the Securities Act. Registration of these common shares under the Securities Act would result in these common shares becoming fully tradable without restriction under the Securities Act immediately upon the effectiveness of the registration, except for common shares purchased by affiliates. Common shares covered by a registration statement will be eligible for sales in the public market upon the expiration, or their release from the terms of, the lock-up agreements described above. Any sales of securities by these shareholders could have a material adverse effect on the trading price of our common shares. See “Principal Shareholders—Shareholders’ Agreement—Registration Rights.”
Equity Incentive Plan
We intend to file a registration statement on Form S-8 under the Securities Act following this offering to register all of the common shares issued or reserved for issuance under our equity incentive plans. We expect to file this registration statement as soon as practicable after this offering. Common shares covered by this registration statement will be eligible for sale in the public market, upon the expiration or release from the terms of the lock-up agreements, and subject to vesting of such common shares. See “Management—Compensation of Directors and Officers—2012 Share Plan.”
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Cayman Islands Tax Considerations
The Cayman Islands laws currently levies no taxes on individuals or corporations based upon profits, income, gains or appreciation and there is no taxation in the nature of inheritance tax or estate duty or withholding tax applicable to us or to any holder of common shares. There are no other taxes likely to be material to us levied by the government of the Cayman Islands except for stamp duties which may be applicable on instruments executed in, or after execution brought within the jurisdiction of the Cayman Islands. No stamp duty is payable in the Cayman Islands on transfers of shares of Cayman Islands companies except those which hold interests in land in the Cayman Islands. The Cayman Islands is not party to any double tax treaties which are applicable to any payments made by or to our company. There are no exchange control regulations or currency restrictions in the Cayman Islands.
Payments of dividends and capital in respect of our common shares will not be subject to taxation in the Cayman Islands and no withholding will be required on the payment of a dividend or capital to any holder of our common shares, nor will gains derived from the disposal of our common shares be subject to Cayman Islands income or corporation tax.
There is no income tax treaty or convention currently in effect between the United States and the Cayman Islands.
U.S. Federal Income Tax Considerations
The following discussion describes certain United States federal income tax consequences of the purchase, ownership and disposition of the common shares of Netshoes (Cayman) Ltd. Prior to the date of the completion of the offering, Netshoes (Cayman) Ltd. will have filed a valid election, which shall be effective prior to the date of the completion of the offering, to be treated as a corporation for United States federal income tax purposes. Netshoes (Cayman) Ltd. therefore will be treated as a foreign corporation for United States federal income tax purposes at all times that its common shares are held by a United States Holder (as defined below). This discussion deals only with common shares that are held as capital assets by a United States Holder.
As used herein, the term “United States Holder” means a beneficial owner of our common shares that is, for United States federal income tax purposes, any of the following:
• | an individual citizen or resident of the United States; |
• | a corporation (or other entity treated as a corporation for United States federal income tax purposes) created or organized in or under the laws of the United States, any state thereof or the District of Columbia; |
• | an estate the income of which is subject to United States federal income taxation regardless of its source; or |
• | a trust if it (1) is subject to the primary supervision of a court within the United States and one or more United States persons have the authority to control all substantial decisions of the trust or (2) has a valid election in effect under applicable United States Treasury regulations to be treated as a United States person. |
This discussion is based upon provisions of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended, or the Code, and regulations, rulings and judicial decisions thereunder as of the date hereof. Those authorities may be changed, perhaps retroactively, so as to result in United States federal income tax consequences different from those summarized below.
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This discussion does not represent a detailed description of the United States federal income tax consequences applicable to you if you are subject to special treatment under the United States federal income tax laws, including if you are:
• | a dealer in securities or currencies; |
• | a financial institution; |
• | a regulated investment company; |
• | a real estate investment trust; |
• | an insurance company; |
• | a tax-exempt organization; |
• | a person holding our common shares as part of a hedging, integrated or conversion transaction, a constructive sale or a straddle; |
• | a trader in securities that has elected the mark-to-market method of accounting for your securities; |
• | a person liable for alternative minimum tax; |
• | a person who owns or is deemed to own 5% or more of our voting stock; |
• | a partnership or other pass-through entity for United States federal income tax purposes; or |
• | a person whose “functional currency” is not the United States dollar. |
If a partnership (or other entity treated as a partnership for United States federal income tax purposes) holds our common shares, the tax treatment of a partner will generally depend upon the status of the partner and the activities of the partnership. If you are a partner of a partnership holding our common shares, you should consult your tax advisors.
This discussion does not contain a detailed description of all the United States federal income tax consequences to you in light of your particular circumstances and does not address the Medicare tax on net investment income or the effects of any state, local or non-United States tax laws. If you are considering the purchase of our common shares, you should consult your own tax advisors concerning the particular United States federal income tax consequences to you of the purchase, ownership and disposition of our common shares, as well as the consequences to you arising under other United States federal tax laws and the laws of any other taxing jurisdiction.
Taxation of Dividends
Subject to the discussion under “—Passive Foreign Investment Company” below, the gross amount of distributions on the common shares will be taxable as dividends to the extent paid out of our current or accumulated earnings and profits, as determined under United States federal income tax principles. To the extent that the amount of any distribution exceeds our current and accumulated earnings and profits for a taxable year, the distribution will first be treated as a tax-free return of capital, causing a reduction in the tax basis of the common shares, and to the extent the amount of the distribution exceeds your tax basis, the excess will be taxed as capital gain recognized on a sale or exchange. We do not, however, expect to determine earnings and profits in accordance with United States federal income tax principles. Therefore, you should expect that a distribution will generally be reported as a dividend.
With respect to non-corporate United States investors, certain dividends received from a qualified foreign corporation may be subject to reduced rates of taxation. A foreign corporation is treated as a qualified foreign corporation with respect to dividends paid by that corporation on shares that are readily tradable on an established securities market in the United States. We have applied to list our common shares on the NYSE.
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Provided that the listing is approved, United States Treasury Department guidance indicates that our common shares will be readily tradable on an established securities market in the United States. Thus, we believe that dividends we pay on our common shares will meet the conditions required for the reduced tax rate. There can be no assurance that our common shares will be considered readily tradable on an established securities market in later years. Non-corporate holders that do not meet a minimum holding period requirement during which they are not protected from the risk of loss or that elect to treat the dividend income as “investment income” pursuant to Section 163(d)(4) of the Code will not be eligible for the reduced rates of taxation regardless of our status as a qualified foreign corporation. In addition, the rate reduction will not apply to dividends if the recipient of a dividend is obligated to make related payments with respect to positions in substantially similar or related property. This disallowance applies even if the minimum holding period has been met. You should consult your own tax advisors regarding the application of these rules to your particular circumstances.
For purposes of calculating the foreign tax credit, dividends paid on the common shares will be treated as income from sources outside the United States.
Any dividends that you receive will be includable in your gross income as ordinary income on the day actually or constructively received by you. Such dividends will not be eligible for the dividends received deduction allowed to corporations under the Code.
Passive Foreign Investment Company
Based on the past and projected composition of our income and assets, and the valuation of our assets, we do not believe we would have been a passive foreign investment company, or PFIC, for our most recent taxable year if we were taxable as a corporation for United States federal income tax purposes, and we do not expect to become a PFIC in the current taxable year or the foreseeable future, although there can be no assurance in this regard.
In general, we will be a PFIC for any taxable year in which:
• | at least 75% of our gross income is passive income, or |
• | at least 50% of the value (determined based on a quarterly average) of our assets is attributable to assets that produce or are held for the production of passive income. |
For this purpose, passive income generally includes dividends, interest, royalties and rents (other than royalties and rents derived in the active conduct of a trade or business and not derived from a related person). If we own at least 25% (by value) of the stock of another corporation, for purposes of determining whether we are a PFIC, we will be treated as owning our proportionate share of the other corporation’s assets and receiving our proportionate share of the other corporation’s income.
The determination of whether we are a PFIC is made annually. Accordingly, it is possible that we may become a PFIC in the current or any future taxable year due to changes in our asset or income composition. If we are a PFIC for any taxable year during which you hold our common shares, you will be subject to special tax rules discussed below.
If we are a PFIC for any taxable year during which you hold our common shares and you do not make a timely mark-to-market election, as described below, you will be subject to special tax rules with respect to any “excess distribution” received and any gain realized from a sale or other disposition, including a pledge, of common shares. Distributions received in a taxable year will be treated as excess distributions to the extent that they are greater than 125% of the average annual distributions received during the shorter of the three preceding taxable years or your holding period for the common shares. Under these special tax rules:
• | the excess distribution or gain will be allocated ratably over your holding period for the common shares, |
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• | the amount allocated to the current taxable year, and any taxable year prior to the first taxable year in which we were a PFIC, will be treated as ordinary income, and |
• | the amount allocated to each other year will be subject to tax at the highest tax rate in effect for that year and the interest charge generally applicable to underpayments of tax will be imposed on the resulting tax attributable to each such year. |
Although the determination of whether we are a PFIC is made annually, if we are a PFIC for any taxable year in which you hold our common shares, you will generally be subject to the special tax rules described above for that year and for each subsequent year in which you hold the common shares (even if we do not qualify as a PFIC in such subsequent years). However, if we cease to be a PFIC, you can avoid the continuing impact of the PFIC rules by making a special election to recognize gain as if your common shares had been sold on the last day of the last taxable year during which we were a PFIC. You are urged to consult your own tax advisor about this election.
In lieu of being subject to the special tax rules discussed above, you may make a mark-to-market election with respect to your common shares provided such common shares are treated as “marketable stock.” The common shares generally will be treated as marketable stock if they are regularly traded on a “qualified exchange or other market” (within the meaning of the applicable Treasury regulations).
If you make an effective mark-to-market election, for each taxable year that we are a PFIC you will include as ordinary income the excess of the fair market value of your common shares at the end of the year over your adjusted tax basis in the common shares. You will be entitled to deduct as an ordinary loss in each such year the excess of your adjusted tax basis in the common shares over their fair market value at the end of the year, but only to the extent of the net amount previously included in income as a result of the mark-to-market election. Your adjusted tax basis in the common shares will be increased by the amount of any income inclusion and decreased by the amount of any deductions under the mark-to-market rules. In addition, upon the sale or other disposition of your common shares in a year that we are a PFIC, any gain will be treated as ordinary income and any loss will be treated as ordinary loss, but only to the extent of the net amount of previously included income as a result of the mark-to-market election.
If you make a mark-to-market election, it will be effective for the taxable year for which the election is made and all subsequent taxable years unless the common shares are no longer regularly traded on a qualified exchange or other market, or the Internal Revenue Service consents to the revocation of the election. You are urged to consult your tax advisor about the availability of the mark-to-market election, and whether making the election would be advisable in your particular circumstances.
Alternatively, you can sometimes avoid the special tax rules described above by electing to treat a PFIC as a “qualified electing fund” under Section 1295 of the Code. However, this option is not available to you because we do not intend to comply with the requirements necessary to permit you to make this election.
If we are a PFIC for any taxable year during which you hold our common shares and any of our non-United States subsidiaries is also a PFIC, you will be treated as owning a proportionate amount (by value) of the shares of the lower-tier PFIC for purposes of the application of the PFIC rules. You are urged to consult your tax advisors about the application of the PFIC rules to any of our subsidiaries.
You will generally be required to file Internal Revenue Service Form 8621 if you hold our common shares in any year in which we are classified as a PFIC. You are urged to consult your tax advisors concerning the United States federal income tax consequences of holding common shares if we are considered a PFIC in any taxable year.
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Taxation of Capital Gains
For United States federal income tax purposes, you will recognize taxable gain or loss on any sale or exchange of the common shares in an amount equal to the difference between the amount realized for the common shares and your tax basis in the common shares. Subject to the discussion under “—Passive Foreign Investment Company” above, such gain or loss will generally be capital gain or loss and will generally be long-term capital gain or loss if you have held the common shares for more than one year. Long-term capital gains of non-corporate United States Holders (including individuals) are eligible for reduced rates of taxation. The deductibility of capital losses is subject to limitations. Any gain or loss recognized by you will generally be treated as United States source gain or loss.
Information Reporting and Backup Withholding
A United States Holder that purchases our common shares will be required to file an IRS Form 926 with the IRS if, among other reasons, the amount of cash transferred by such person (or any related person) to us during the 12-month period ending on the date of such purchase exceeds US$100,000.
In general, information reporting will apply to dividends in respect of our common shares and the proceeds from the sale, exchange or other disposition of our common shares that are paid to you within the United States (and in certain cases, outside the United States), unless you are an exempt recipient. A backup withholding tax may apply to such payments if you fail to provide a taxpayer identification number or certification of exempt status or fail to report in full dividend and interest income.
Backup withholding is not an additional tax and any amounts withheld under the backup withholding rules will be allowed as a refund or a credit against your United States federal income tax liability provided the required information is timely furnished to the Internal Revenue Service.
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We and the underwriters named below have entered into an underwriting agreement with respect to the common shares being offered. Subject to certain conditions, each underwriter has severally agreed to purchase the number of common shares indicated in the following table. Goldman, Sachs & Co. and J.P. Morgan Securities LLC are the representatives of the underwriters.
Underwriters | Number of Common Shares | |||
Goldman, Sachs & Co. | ||||
J.P. Morgan Securities LLC | ||||
Banco Bradesco BBI S.A. | ||||
Allen & Company LLC | ||||
Jefferies LLC | ||||
|
| |||
Total | 8,250,000 |
The address of the representatives are as follows: for Goldman, Sachs & Co., 200 West Street, New York, New York 10282 and for J.P. Morgan Securities LLC, 383 Madison Avenue, New York, New York 10179.
The underwriters are committed to take and pay for all of the common shares being offered, if any are taken, other than the common shares covered by the option described below unless and until this option is exercised. The underwriters may offer and sell common shares through certain of their affiliates.
The underwriters have an option to buy up to an additional 1,237,500 common shares from us to cover sales by the underwriters of a greater number of common shares than the total number set forth in the table above. They may exercise that option for 30 days from the date of this prospectus. If any common shares are purchased pursuant to this option, the underwriters will severally purchase common shares in approximately the same proportion as set forth in the table above.
The following table shows the per share and total underwriting discounts and commissions to be paid to the underwriters by us. Such amounts are shown assuming both no exercise and full exercise of the underwriters’ option to purchase 1,237,500 additional common shares.
Paid by Us
No Exercise | Full Exercise | |||||||
Per Share | US$ | US$ | ||||||
Total | US$ | US$ |
Common shares sold by the underwriters to the public will initially be offered at the initial public offering price set forth on the cover of this prospectus. Any common shares sold by the underwriters to securities dealers may be sold at a discount of up to US$ per share from the initial public offering price. After the initial offering of the common shares, the representatives may change the offering price and the other selling terms. The offering of the common shares by the underwriters is subject to receipt and acceptance and subject to the underwriters’ right to reject any order in whole or in part.
We, our officers, directors and holders of substantially all of our common shares have agreed with the underwriters, subject to certain exceptions, not to dispose of or hedge any of our or their common shares or securities convertible into or exchangeable for common shares during the period from the date of this prospectus continuing through the date 180 days after the date of this prospectus, except with the prior written consent of the representatives. See “Shares Eligible for Future Sale” for a discussion of certain transfer restrictions.
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Prior to the offering, there has been no public market for the common shares. The initial public offering price has been negotiated between us and the representatives. Among the factors considered in determining the initial public offering price of the common shares, in addition to prevailing market conditions, were our historical performance, estimates of our business potential and earnings prospects, an assessment of our management and the consideration of the above factors in relation to market valuation of companies in related businesses.
An application has been made to list the common shares on the NYSE under the symbol “NETS.”
In connection with the offering, the underwriters may purchase and sell common shares in the open market. These transactions may include short sales, stabilizing transactions and purchases to cover positions created by short sales. Short sales involve the sale by the underwriters of a greater number of common shares than they are required to purchase in the offering, and a short position represents the amount of such sales that have not been covered by subsequent purchases. A “covered short position” is a short position that is not greater than the amount of additional common shares for which the underwriters’ option described above may be exercised. The underwriters may cover any covered short position by either exercising their option to purchase additional common shares or purchasing common shares in the open market. In determining the source of common shares to cover the covered short position, the underwriters will consider, among other things, the price of common shares available for purchase in the open market as compared to the price at which they may purchase additional common shares pursuant to the option described above. “Naked” short sales are any short sales that create a short position greater than the amount of additional common shares for which the option described above may be exercised. The underwriters must cover any such naked short position by purchasing common shares in the open market. A naked short position is more likely to be created if the underwriters are concerned that there may be downward pressure on the price of the common shares in the open market after pricing that could adversely affect investors who purchase in the offering. Stabilizing transactions consist of various bids for or purchases of common shares made by the underwriters in the open market prior to the completion of the offering.
The underwriters may also impose a penalty bid. This occurs when a particular underwriter repays to the underwriters a portion of the underwriting discount received by it because the representatives have repurchased common shares sold by or for the account of such underwriter in stabilizing or short covering transactions.
Purchases to cover a short position and stabilizing transactions, as well as other purchases by the underwriters for their own accounts, may have the effect of preventing or retarding a decline in the market price of our common shares, and together with the imposition of the penalty bid, may stabilize, maintain or otherwise affect the market price of the common shares. As a result, the price of the common shares may be higher than the price that otherwise might exist in the open market. The underwriters are not required to engage in these activities and may end any of these activities at any time. These transactions may be effected on NYSE, in the over-the-counter market or otherwise.
We estimate that the total expenses of the offering, excluding underwriting discounts and commissions, will be approximately US$3,735,000.00. We have agreed to reimburse the underwriters for expenses related to the Financial Industry Regulatory Authority, or FINRA, incurred by them in connection with this offering.
We have agreed to indemnify the several underwriters against certain liabilities, including liabilities under the Securities Act of 1933.
The underwriters and their respective affiliates are full service financial institutions engaged in various activities, which may include sales and trading, commercial and investment banking, advisory, investment management, investment research, principal investment, hedging, market making, brokerage and other financial and non-financial activities and services. Certain of the underwriters and their respective affiliates have provided, and may in the future provide, a variety of these services to us and to persons and entities with relationships with us, for which they received or will receive customary fees and expenses. An affiliate of Banco Bradesco BBI S.A. currently serves as lender under one of our financing agreements.
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In the ordinary course of their various business activities, the underwriters and their respective affiliates, officers, directors and employees may purchase, sell or hold a broad array of investments and actively trade securities, derivatives, loans, commodities, currencies, credit default swaps and other financial instruments for their own account and for the accounts of their customers, and such investment and trading activities may involve or relate to assets, securities and/or instruments of the issuer (directly, as collateral securing other obligations or otherwise) and/or persons and entities with relationships with the issuer. The underwriters and their respective affiliates may also communicate independent investment recommendations, market color or trading ideas and/or publish or express independent research views in respect of such assets, securities or instruments and may at any time hold, or recommend to clients that they should acquire, long and/or short positions in such assets, securities and instruments.
Selling Restrictions
No action has been taken in any jurisdiction (except in the United States) that would permit a public offering of the common shares, or the possession, circulation or distribution of this prospectus or any other material relating to us or the common shares in any jurisdiction where action for that purpose is required. Accordingly, the common shares may not be offered or sold, directly or indirectly, and neither this prospectus nor any other material or advertisements in connection with the common shares may be distributed or published, in or from any country or jurisdiction except in compliance with any applicable laws, rules and regulations of any such country or jurisdiction.
European Economic Area
In relation to each Member State of the European Economic Area, an offer of common shares to the public may not be made in that Member State, except that an offer of common shares to the public may be made at any time under the following exemptions under the Prospectus Directive, if they have been implemented in that Member State:
(a) | to any legal entity which is a qualified investor as defined in the Prospectus Directive; |
(b) | to fewer than 150 natural or legal persons (other than qualified investors as defined in the Prospectus Directive) subject to obtaining the prior consent of the representatives for any such offer; or |
(c) | in any other circumstances falling within Article 3(2) of the Prospectus Directive, provided that no such offer of common shares shall result in a requirement for the publication of a prospectus pursuant to Article 3 of the Prospectus Directive or any measure implementing the Prospectus Directive in a Member State and each person who initially acquires any common shares or to whom an offer is made will be deemed to have represented, warranted and agreed to and with the underwriters that it is a qualified investor within the meaning of the law in that Member State implementing Article 2(1)(e) of the Prospectus Directive. |
For the purposes of this provision, the expression an “offer of common shares to the public” in relation to any common shares in any Member State means the communication in any form and by any means of sufficient information on the terms of the offer and the common shares to be offered so as to enable an investor to decide to purchase or subscribe the common shares, as the same may be varied in that Member State by any measure implementing the Prospectus Directive in that Member State, and the expression Prospectus Directive means Directive 2003/71/EC (and amendments thereto, including Directive 2010/73/EU) and includes any relevant implementing measure in each relevant Member State.
In the case of any common shares being offered to a financial intermediary as that term is used in Article 3(2) of the Prospectus Directive, such financial intermediary will also be deemed to have represented, acknowledged and agreed that the common shares acquired by it in the offer have not been acquired on a non-discretionary basis on behalf of, nor have they been acquired with a view to their offer or resale to, persons in
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circumstances which may give rise to an offer of common shares to the public other than their offer or resale in a Member State to qualified investors as so defined or in circumstances in which the prior consent of the underwriters has been obtained to each such proposed offer or resale.
United Kingdom
In the United Kingdom, this prospectus is only addressed to and directed at qualified investors who are (i) investment professionals falling within Article 19(5) of the Financial Services and Markets Act 2000 (Financial Promotion) Order 2005 (the Order); or (ii) high net worth entities and other persons to whom it may lawfully be communicated, falling within Article 49(2)(a) to (d) of the Order (all such persons together being referred to as “relevant persons”). Any investment or investment activity to which this prospectus relates is available only to relevant persons and will only be engaged with relevant persons. Any person who is not a relevant person should not act or relay on this prospectus or any of its contents.
Brazil
This offering has not been and will not be registered under Brazilian Federal Law No 6,385/76 or under any other Brazilian securities law. Accordingly, none of us, our common shares or the offering have been or will be registered with theComissão de Valores Mobiliários.
Therefore, as this prospectus does not constitute or form part of any public offering to sell or any solicitation of a public offering to buy any common shares or assets, the offering and the common shares offered hereby have not been, and will not be, and may not be offered for sale or sold in Brazil except in circumstances which do not constitute a public offering or distribution under Brazilian laws and regulations. Documents relating to the common shares, as well as the information contained herein, may not be supplied to the public, as a public offering in Brazil or be used in connection with any offer for subscription or sale of the common shares to the public in Brazil.
Canada
The common shares may be sold only to purchasers purchasing, or deemed to be purchasing, as principal that are accredited investors, as defined in National Instrument 45-106 Prospectus Exemptions or subsection 73.3(1) of the Securities Act (Ontario), and are permitted clients, as defined in National Instrument 31-103 Registration Requirements, Exemptions and Ongoing Registrant Obligations. Any resale of the common shares must be made in accordance with an exemption from, or in a transaction not subject to, the prospectus requirements of applicable securities laws.
Securities legislation in certain provinces or territories of Canada may provide a purchaser with remedies for rescission or damages if this prospectus (including any amendment thereto) contains a misrepresentation, provided that the remedies for rescission or damages are exercised by the purchaser within the time limit prescribed by the securities legislation of the purchaser’s province or territory. The purchaser should refer to any applicable provisions of the securities legislation of the purchaser’s province or territory for particulars of these rights or consult with a legal advisor.
Pursuant to section 3A.3 of National Instrument 33-105 Underwriting Conflicts (NI 33-105), the underwriters are not required to comply with the disclosure requirements of NI 33-105 regarding underwriter conflicts of interest in connection with this offering.
Hong Kong
The common shares may not be offered or sold in Hong Kong by means of any document other than (i) in circumstances which do not constitute an offer to the public within the meaning of the Companies (Winding Up
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and Miscellaneous Provisions) Ordinance (Cap. 32 of the Laws of Hong Kong) (“Companies (Winding Up and Miscellaneous Provisions) Ordinance”), or (ii) to “professional investors” as defined in the Securities and Futures Ordinance (Cap. 571 of the Laws of Hong Kong) (“Securities and Futures Ordinance”) and any rules made thereunder, or (iii) in other circumstances which do not result in the document being a “prospectus” as defined in the Companies (Winding Up and Miscellaneous Provisions) Ordinance, and no advertisement, invitation or document relating to the common shares may be issued or may be in the possession of any person for the purpose of issue (in each case whether in Hong Kong or elsewhere), which is directed at, or the contents of which are likely to be accessed or read by, the public in Hong Kong (except if permitted to do so under the securities laws of Hong Kong) other than with respect to common shares which are or are intended to be disposed of only to persons outside Hong Kong or only to “professional investors” in Hong Kong as defined in the Securities and Futures Ordinance and any rules made thereunder.
Singapore
This prospectus has not been registered as a prospectus with the Monetary Authority of Singapore. Accordingly, this prospectus and any other document or material in connection with the offer or sale, or invitation for subscription or purchase, of the common shares may not be circulated or distributed, nor may the common shares be offered or sold, or be made the subject of an invitation for subscription or purchase, whether directly or indirectly, to persons in Singapore other than (i) to an institutional investor (as defined under Section 4A of the Securities and Futures Act, Chapter 289 of Singapore, or the SFA) under Section 274 of the SFA, (ii) to a relevant person (as defined in Section 275(2) of the SFA) pursuant to Section 275(1) of the SFA, or any person pursuant to Section 275(1A) of the SFA, and in accordance with the conditions specified in Section 275 of the SFA or (iii) otherwise pursuant to, and in accordance with the conditions of, any other applicable provision of the SFA, in each case subject to conditions set forth in the SFA.
Where the common shares are subscribed or purchased under Section 275 of the SFA by a relevant person which is a corporation (which is not an accredited investor (as defined in Section 4A of the SFA)) the sole business of which is to hold investments and the entire share capital of which is owned by one or more individuals, each of whom is an accredited investor, the securities (as defined in Section 239(1) of the SFA) of that corporation shall not be transferable for 6 months after that corporation has acquired the common shares under Section 275 of the SFA except: (1) to an institutional investor under Section 274 of the SFA or to a relevant person (as defined in Section 275(2) of the SFA), (2) where such transfer arises from an offer in that corporation’s securities pursuant to Section 275(1A) of the SFA, (3) where no consideration is or will be given for the transfer, (4) where the transfer is by operation of law, (5) as specified in Section 276(7) of the SFA, or (6) as specified in Regulation 32 of the Securities and Futures (Offers of Investments) (Shares and Debentures) Regulations 2005 of Singapore or Regulation 32.
Where the common shares are subscribed or purchased under Section 275 of the SFA by a relevant person which is a trust (where the trustee is not an accredited investor (as defined in Section 4A of the SFA)) whose sole purpose is to hold investments and each beneficiary of the trust is an accredited investor, the beneficiaries’ rights and interest (howsoever described) in that trust shall not be transferable for 6 months after that trust has acquired the common shares under Section 275 of the SFA except: (1) to an institutional investor under Section 274 of the SFA or to a relevant person (as defined in Section 275(2) of the SFA), (2) where such transfer arises from an offer that is made on terms that such rights or interest are acquired at a consideration of not less than S$200,000 (or its equivalent in a foreign currency) for each transaction (whether such amount is to be paid for in cash or by exchange of securities or other assets), (3) where no consideration is or will be given for the transfer, (4) where the transfer is by operation of law, (5) as specified in Section 276(7) of the SFA, or (6) as specified in Regulation 32.
Japan
The securities have not been and will not be registered under the Financial Instruments and Exchange Act of Japan (Act No. 25 of 1948, as amended), or the FIEA. The securities may not be offered or sold, directly or
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indirectly, in Japan or to or for the benefit of any resident of Japan (including any person resident in Japan or any corporation or other entity organized under the laws of Japan) or to others for reoffering or resale, directly or indirectly, in Japan or to or for the benefit of any resident of Japan, except pursuant to an exemption from the registration requirements of the FIEA and otherwise in compliance with any relevant laws and regulations of Japan.
Australia
This prospectus is not a disclosure document for the purposes of Australia’s Corporations Act 2001 (Cth) of Australia, or the Corporations Act, has not been lodged with the Australian Securities & Investments Commission and is only directed to the categories of exempt persons set out below. Accordingly, if you receive this prospectus in Australia, you confirm and warrant that you are either:
(a) | a “sophisticated investor” under section 708(8)(a) or (b) of the Corporations Act; |
(b) | a “sophisticated investor” under section 708(8)(c) or (d) of the Corporations Act and that you have provided an accountant’s certificate to the Company which complies with the requirements of section 708(8)(c)(i) or (ii) of the Corporations Act and related regulations before the offer has been made; |
(c) | a person associated with the Company under Section 708(12) of the Corporations Act; or |
(d) | a “professional investor” within the meaning of section 708(11)(a) or (b) of the Corporations Act. |
To the extent that you are unable to confirm or warrant that you are an exempt sophisticated investor, associated person or professional investor under the Corporations Act any offer made to you under this prospectus is void and incapable of acceptance.
You warrant and agree that you will not offer any of the securities issued to you pursuant to this prospectus for resale in Australia within 12 months of those securities being issued unless any such resale offer is exempt from the requirement to issue a disclosure document under section 708 of the Corporations Act.
Switzerland
The common shares may not be publicly offered in Switzerland and will not be listed on the SIX Swiss Exchange, or SIX, or on any other stock exchange or regulated trading facility in Switzerland. This prospectus has been prepared without regard to the disclosure standards for issuance prospectuses under art. 652a or art. 1156 of the Swiss Code of Obligations or the disclosure standards for listing prospectuses under art. 27 ff. of the SIX Listing Rules or the listing rules of any other stock exchange or regulated trading facility in Switzerland. Neither this prospectus nor any other offering or marketing material relating to the common shares or the offering may be publicly distributed or otherwise made publicly available in Switzerland.
Neither this prospectus nor any other offering or marketing material relating to us, the offering or the common shares have been or will be filed with or approved by any Swiss regulatory authority. In particular, this prospectus will not be filed with, and the offer of common shares will not be supervised by, the Swiss Financial Market Supervisory Authority FINMA, and the offer of common shares has not been and will not be authorized under the Swiss Federal Act on Collective Investment Schemes, or CISA. The investor protection afforded to acquirers of interests in collective investment schemes under the CISA does not extend to acquirers of securities.
Israel
This document does not constitute a prospectus under the Israeli Securities Law, 5728-1968, or the Securities Law, and has not been filed with or approved by the Israel Securities Authority. In Israel, this prospectus is being distributed only to, and is directed only at, and any offer of the common shares is directed
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only at, (i) a limited number of persons in accordance with the Israeli Securities Law and (ii) investors listed in the first addendum, or the Addendum, to the Israeli Securities Law, consisting primarily of joint investment in trust funds, provident funds, insurance companies, banks, portfolio managers, investment advisors, members of the Tel Aviv Stock Exchange, underwriters, venture capital funds, entities with equity in excess of NIS 50 million and “qualified individuals,” each as defined in the Addendum (as it may be amended from time to time), collectively referred to as qualified investors (in each case, purchasing for their own account or, where permitted under the Addendum, for the accounts of their clients who are investors listed in the Addendum). Qualified investors are required to submit written confirmation that they fall within the scope of the Addendum, are aware of its meaning and agree to it.
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Certain legal matters with respect to U.S. federal and New York State law in connection with this offering will be passed upon for us by Simpson Thacher & Bartlett LLP. Certain legal matters with respect to U.S. federal and New York State law in connection with this offering will be passed upon for the underwriters by Cleary Gottlieb Steen & Hamilton LLP. The validity of the common shares offered in this offering and other legal matters as to Cayman Islands law will be passed upon for us by Campbells. Legal matters as to Brazil law will be passed upon for us by Mattos Filho, Veiga Filho, Marrey Jr. e Quiroga Advogados, and for the underwriters by Pinheiro Neto Advogados.
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We estimate that our expenses in connection with this offering, other than underwriting discounts, will be as follows:
Amount | ||||
Expenses: | ||||
SEC registration fee | US$ | 21,992.03 | ||
NYSE filing fee | 191,650.00 | |||
FINRA filing fee | 28,962.50 | |||
Printing and engraving expenses | 150,000.00 | |||
Legal fees and expenses | 2,000,000.00 | |||
Accounting fees and expenses | 1,318,700.00 | |||
Transfer agent fees and expenses | 5,500.00 | |||
Miscellaneous costs | 17,674.00 | |||
Total | US$ | 3,734,478.53 | ||
|
|
We anticipate that the total underwriting discount will be approximately US$ , or % of the gross proceeds of the offering, assuming no exercise of the underwriters’ over-allotment option.
All amounts in the table are estimates except the SEC registration fee, the NYSE filing fee and the FINRA filing fee.
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Our audited consolidated financial statements as of December 31, 2015 and 2016 and for the years ended December 31, 2014, 2015 and 2016 have been included herein and in the registration statement in reliance upon the report of KPMG Auditores Independentes, independent registered public accounting firm, appearing elsewhere herein, and upon the authority of said firm as experts in accounting and auditing. The office of KPMG Auditores Independentes is located at Rua Arquiteto Olavo Redig de Campos, 105 – 6th to 12th Floors, EZ Tower Building – Tower A, 04711-904, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
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SERVICE OF PROCESS AND ENFORCEMENT OF JUDGMENTS
We are registered under the laws of the Cayman Islands as an exempted company with limited liability. We are registered in the Cayman Islands because of certain benefits associated with being a Cayman Islands company, such as political and economic stability, an effective judicial system, a favorable tax system, the absence of foreign exchange control or currency restrictions and the availability of professional and support services. However, the Cayman Islands have a less developed body of securities laws as compared to the United States and provide protections for investors to a significantly lesser extent. In addition, Cayman Islands companies may not have standing to sue before the federal courts of the United States. Campbells, our counsel as to Cayman Islands law, and Mattos Filho, Veiga Filho, Marrey Jr. e Quiroga Advogados, our counsel as to Brazilian law, have advised us that there is uncertainty as to whether the courts of the Cayman Islands or Brazil would, respectively, (1) recognize or enforce judgments of United States courts obtained against us or our directors or officers predicated upon the civil liability provisions of the securities laws of the United States or any state in the United States, or (2) entertain original actions brought in the Cayman Islands or Brazil against us or our directors or officers predicated upon the securities laws of the United States or any state in the United States.
Our Cayman Islands counsel has informed us that the uncertainty with regard to Cayman Islands law relates to whether a judgment obtained from the United States courts under civil liability provisions of the securities laws will be determined by the courts of the Cayman Islands as penal or punitive in nature. If such a determination is made, the courts of the Cayman Islands will not recognize or enforce the judgment against a Cayman Islands’ company. Because the courts of the Cayman Islands have yet to rule on whether such judgments are penal or punitive in nature, it is uncertain whether they would be enforceable in the Cayman Islands.
Our Cayman Islands counsel has further advised us that a final and conclusive judgment in the federal or state courts of the United States under which a sum of money is payable, other than a sum payable in respect of taxes, fines, penalties or similar charges, may be subject to enforcement proceedings as a debt in the courts of the Cayman Islands under the common law doctrine of obligation.
Substantially all of our assets are located outside the United States, in Brazil, Argentina and Mexico. In addition, a majority of the members of our board of directors and all of our officers are nationals or residents of Brazil and all or a substantial portion of their assets are located outside the United States. As a result, it may be difficult for investors to effect service of process within the United States upon us or these persons, or to enforce against us or them judgments obtained in United States courts, including judgments predicated upon the civil liability provisions of the securities laws of the United States or any state in the United States.
We have appointed Corporation Service Company as our agent to receive service of process with respect to any action brought against us in the United States under the federal securities laws of the United States or of any state in the United States arising out of this offering. The address of Corporation Service Company is 2711 Centerville Road, Suite 400, Wilmington, DE 19808.
We believe a judgment of a United States court for civil liabilities predicated upon the federal securities laws of the United States may be enforced in Brazil, subject to certain requirements described below. We believe a judgment against us, the members of our board of directors or our executive officers obtained in the United States would be enforceable in Brazil upon confirmation of that judgment by the Brazilian Superior Tribunal of Justice (Superior Tribunal de Justiça), or STJ. That confirmation will be made without review on the merits, and will only be available if the U.S. judgment:
• | is issued by a court of competent jurisdiction after proper service of process is made or after sufficient evidence of our absence has been given, as requested under the laws of the United States; |
• | is not rendered in an action upon which Brazilian courts have exclusive jurisdiction, pursuant to the provisions of art. 23 of the Brazilian Code of Civil Procedure (Law No. 13,105/2015, as amended); |
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• | is final and, therefore, not subject to appeal (res judicata) in the United States; |
• | there is no conflict between the United States judgment and a previous final and binding (res judicata) judgment on the same matter and involving the same parties issued in Brazil; |
• | is duly authenticated by a Brazilian consulate in the United States and is accompanied by a certified sworn translation into Portuguese of such judgment. If such decision was authenticated in a country that is signatory of the Hague Convention Abolishing the Requirement of Legalization for Foreign Public Documents dated as of October 5, 1961, or the Apostille Convention, authentication by a Brazilian Diplomatic Office or Consulate is not required; and |
• | is not contrary to Brazilian public policy. |
The judicial recognition process may be time consuming and may also give rise to difficulties in enforcing such foreign judgment in Brazil. Accordingly, we cannot assure you that judicial recognition of a foreign judgment would be successful, that the judicial recognition process would be conducted in a timely manner or that a Brazilian court would enforce a judgment of countries other than Brazil.
We believe original actions may be brought in connection with this initial public offering predicated on the federal securities laws of the United States in Brazilian courts and that, subject to applicable law, Brazilian courts may enforce liabilities in such actions against us or the members of our board of directors or our executive officers and certain advisors named herein.
In addition, a plaintiff (whether Brazilian or non-Brazilian) that resides outside Brazil or is outside Brazil during the course of litigation in Brazil and who does not own real property in Brazil must post a bond to guarantee the payment of the defendant’s legal fees and court expenses in connection with court procedures for the collection of money, except in the case of (1) enforcement on an instrument (a title that shall be enforced in Brazilian courts without a review on the merits, ortítulo executivo extrajudicial); (2) enforcement of a judgment; (3) counterclaims; and (4) when some international agreement signed by Brazil dismisses the obligation to post a bond.
If proceedings are brought in the courts of Brazil seeking to enforce our obligations with respect to our common shares, payment shall be made inreais. Any judgment rendered in Brazilian courts in respect of any payment obligations with respect to our common shares would be expressed inreais. See “Risk Factors—Risks Related to this Offering and our Common Shares—Judgments of Brazilian courts with respect to our common shares may be payable only inreais.”
We have also been advised that the ability of a judgment creditor to satisfy a judgment by attaching certain assets of the defendant in Brazil is governed and limited by provisions of Brazilian law.
Notwithstanding the foregoing, we cannot assure you that confirmation of any judgment will be obtained, or that the process described above can be conducted in a timely manner.
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WHERE YOU CAN FIND MORE INFORMATION
We have filed a registration statement on Form F-1 with the SEC under the Securities Act for the common shares we are offering pursuant to this prospectus. This prospectus is a part of the registration statement and does not contain all of the information in the registration statement. For additional information you should refer to the registration statement and its exhibits and schedules filed as part of the registration statement. No reference is hereby made to such omitted information. Whenever we refer in this prospectus to our contracts, agreements or other documents, the reference is not necessarily complete and you should refer to the exhibits attached to the registration statement for copies of the actual contract, agreement or other document. Each statement in this prospectus relating to a document filed as an exhibit is qualified in all respects by the filed exhibit.
We are not currently subject to the informational requirements of the Exchange Act. Upon completion of this offering, we will become subject to the informational requirements of the Exchange Act applicable to foreign private issuers. Accordingly, we will be required to file reports and other information with the SEC, including annual reports on Form 20-F within four months from the end of each of our fiscal years, and reports on Form 6-K. You can read our SEC filings, including the registration statement, over the Internet at the SEC’s website at www.sec.gov. You may also read and copy any document we file with the SEC at its public reference room at 100 F. Street, N.E., Washington, D.C. 20549. You may obtain copies of these documents upon the payment of the fees prescribed by the SEC. Please call the SEC at 1-800-SEC-0330 for further information about the public reference room.
As a foreign private issuer, we are exempt under the Exchange Act from, among other things, the rules prescribing the furnishing and content of proxy statements, and our executive officers, directors and principal shareholders are exempt from the reporting and short-swing profit recovery provisions contained in Section 16 of the Exchange Act. In addition, we will not be required under the Exchange Act to file periodic reports and financial statements with the SEC as frequently or as promptly as U.S. companies whose securities are registered under the Exchange Act. However, we are required to file with the Securities and Exchange Commission within four months after the end of each fiscal year (which is currently four months from December 31, the end of our fiscal year), or such applicable time as required by the SEC, an annual report on Form 20-F containing financial statements, which will be examined and reported on with an opinion expressed by an independent public accounting firm, and we intend to submit to the SEC a quarterly report on Form 6-K containing unaudited quarterly financial information for the first three quarters of each fiscal year.
We also maintain a corporate website at www.netshoes.com/institucional. Our website and the information contained therein or connected thereto will not be deemed to be incorporated into the prospectus or the registration statement of which this prospectus forms a part, and you should not rely on any such information in making your decision whether to purchase our common shares.
We will send the transfer agent a copy of all notices of shareholders’ meetings and other reports, communications and information that are made generally available to shareholders. The transfer agent has agreed to mail to all shareholders a notice containing the information (or a summary of the information) contained in any notice of a meeting of our shareholders received by the transfer agent and will make available to all shareholders such notices and all such other reports and communications received by the transfer agent.
155
Table of Contents
INDEX TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
Audited Consolidated Financial Statements of Netshoes (Cayman) Limited as of December 31, 2015 and 2016 and for the years ended December 31, 2014, 2015 and 2016 | ||||
Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm on the Consolidated Financial Statements | F-3 | |||
F-4 | ||||
F-6 | ||||
F-7 | ||||
F-8 | ||||
F-9 | ||||
F-10 |
F-1
Table of Contents
NETSHOES (CAYMAN) LIMITED
Consolidated Financial Statements as of
December 31, 2015 and 2016 and for the years
ended December 31, 2014, 2015 and 2016
F-2
Table of Contents
Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm
The Board of Directors and Shareholders
Netshoes (Cayman) Limited
We have audited the accompanying consolidated statements of financial position of Netshoes (Cayman) Limited and subsidiaries as of December 31, 2016 and 2015, and the related consolidated statements of profit or loss, comprehensive income (loss), cash flows, and changes in shareholders’ equity for each of the years in thethree-year period ended December 31, 2016. These consolidated financial statements are the responsibility of the Company’s management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these consolidated financial statements based on our audits.
We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States). Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the consolidated financial statements are free of material misstatement. An audit includes examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. An audit also includes assessing the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall financial statement presentation. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.
In our opinion, the consolidated financial statements referred to above present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of Netshoes (Cayman) Limited and subsidiaries as of December 31, 2016 and 2015, and the results of their operations and their cash flows for each of the years in the three-year period ended December 31, 2016, in conformity with International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) as issued by the International Accounting Standards Board (IASB).
/s/ KPMG Auditores Independentes
KPMG Auditores Independentes
São Paulo - SP, Brazil
March 1, 2017
F-3
Table of Contents
NETSHOES (CAYMAN) LIMITED AND SUBSIDIARIES
Consolidated Statements of Financial Position
December 31, 2015 and 2016
(Reais and Dollars in thousands)
December 31, | December 31, | |||||||||||||||
Note | 2015 | 2016 | 2016 | |||||||||||||
BRL | BRL | USD | ||||||||||||||
Note 2.2 | ||||||||||||||||
Assets | ||||||||||||||||
Current assets: | ||||||||||||||||
Cash and cash equivalents | 8 | R$ | 249,064 | R$ | 111,304 | US$ | 34,152 | |||||||||
Restricted cash | 2.14 | 21,937 | 21,946 | 6,734 | ||||||||||||
Derivative financial instruments | 17 | 148 | — | — | ||||||||||||
Trade accounts receivable, net | 9 | 286,157 | 213,994 | 65,660 | ||||||||||||
Inventories, net | 10 | 294,761 | 352,011 | 108,009 | ||||||||||||
Recoverable taxes | 11 | 51,715 | 66,329 | 20,352 | ||||||||||||
Prepaid expenses and other current assets | 34,576 | 59,127 | 18,143 | |||||||||||||
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|
|
|
|
| |||||||||||
Total current assets | 938,358 | 824,711 | 253,050 | |||||||||||||
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|
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|
| |||||||||||
Non-current assets: | ||||||||||||||||
Restricted cash | 2.14 | 22,965 | 21,254 | 6,521 | ||||||||||||
Judicial deposits | 24b | 31,877 | 71,817 | 22,036 | ||||||||||||
Recoverable taxes | 11 | — | 33,178 | 10,180 | ||||||||||||
Other assets | — | 950 | 291 | |||||||||||||
Due from related parties | 23 | 27 | 17 | 5 | ||||||||||||
Property and equipment, net | 12 | 67,682 | 74,202 | 22,768 | ||||||||||||
Intangible assets, net | 13 | 52,659 | 87,593 | 26,876 | ||||||||||||
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|
|
|
|
| |||||||||||
Total non-current assets | 175,210 | 289,011 | 88,677 | |||||||||||||
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|
|
|
|
| |||||||||||
Total assets | R$ | 1,113,568 | R$ | 1,113,722 | US$ | 341,727 | ||||||||||
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|
|
|
|
|
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.
F-4
Table of Contents
NETSHOES (CAYMAN) LIMITED AND SUBSIDIARIES
Consolidated Statements of Financial Position
December 31, 2015 and 2016
(Reais and Dollars in thousands)
December 31, | December 31, | |||||||||||||||
Note | 2015 | 2016 | 2016 | |||||||||||||
BRL | BRL | USD | ||||||||||||||
Note 2.2 | ||||||||||||||||
Liabilities and Shareholders’ Equity | ||||||||||||||||
Current liabilities: | ||||||||||||||||
Trade accounts payable | 14 | R$ | 257,348 | R$ | 335,430 | US$ | 102,921 | |||||||||
Reverse factoring | 2.24 | 19,763 | 27,867 | 8,551 | ||||||||||||
Current portion of long-term debt | 16 | 102,557 | 75,956 | 23,306 | ||||||||||||
Derivative financial instruments | 17 | 395 | 186 | 57 | ||||||||||||
Taxes and contributions payable | 7,506 | 15,249 | 4,679 | |||||||||||||
Deferred revenue | 6 | 5,555 | 6,628 | 2,034 | ||||||||||||
Accrued expenses | 15 | 95,074 | 122,048 | 37,448 | ||||||||||||
Other current liabilities | 35,073 | 33,331 | 10,227 | |||||||||||||
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|
|
| |||||||||||
Total current liabilities | 523,271 | 616,695 | 189,223 | |||||||||||||
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|
|
| |||||||||||
Non-current liabilities: | ||||||||||||||||
Long-term debt, net of current portion | 16 | 231,436 | 311,426 | 95,556 | ||||||||||||
Provision for labor, civil and tax risks | 24a | 3,929 | 5,177 | 1,588 | ||||||||||||
Share-based payment | 21 | 35,978 | 30,139 | 9,248 | ||||||||||||
Deferred revenue | 6 | 29,195 | 26,247 | 8,053 | ||||||||||||
Other non-current liabilities | 757 | 13 | 4 | |||||||||||||
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|
|
|
|
| |||||||||||
Total non-current liabilities | 301,295 | 373,002 | 114,449 | |||||||||||||
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|
|
|
|
| |||||||||||
Total liabilities | 824,566 | 989,697 | 303,672 | |||||||||||||
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|
|
|
| |||||||||||
Shareholders’ equity: | ||||||||||||||||
Share capital | 141 | 141 | 43 | |||||||||||||
Additional paid-in capital | 821,988 | 821,988 | 252,213 | |||||||||||||
Treasury shares | 20b | (925 | ) | (1,533 | ) | (470 | ) | |||||||||
Accumulated other comprehensive loss | (6,822 | ) | (19,577 | ) | (6,007 | ) | ||||||||||
Accumulated losses | (526,305 | ) | (677,379 | ) | (207,842 | ) | ||||||||||
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|
|
|
| |||||||||||
Equity attributable to owners of the parent | 288,077 | 123,640 | 37,937 | |||||||||||||
Equity attributable to non-controlling interests | 925 | 385 | 118 | |||||||||||||
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|
|
|
|
| |||||||||||
Total shareholders’ equity | 289,002 | 124,025 | 38,055 | |||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
| |||||||||||
Total liabilities and shareholders’ equity | R$ | 1,113,568 | R$ | 1,113,722 | US$ | 341,727 | ||||||||||
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|
|
|
|
|
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.
F-5
Table of Contents
NETSHOES (CAYMAN) LIMITED AND SUBSIDIARIES
Consolidated Statements of Profit or Loss
Years ended December 31, 2014, 2015 and 2016
(Reais and Dollars in thousands, except loss per share)
Years ended December 31, | ||||||||||||||||||
Note | 2014 | 2015 | 2016 | 2016 | ||||||||||||||
BRL | BRL | BRL | USD | |||||||||||||||
Note 2.2 | ||||||||||||||||||
Net sales | 5 | R$ | 1,125,795 | R$ | 1,505,686 | R$ | 1,739,540 | US$ | 533,749 | |||||||||
Cost of sales | 7a | (753,440 | ) | (1,010,501 | ) | (1,188,744 | ) | (364,746 | ) | |||||||||
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|
|
|
|
|
| |||||||||||
Gross Profit | 372,355 | 495,185 | 550,796 | 169,003 | ||||||||||||||
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|
| |||||||||||
Operating expenses: | ||||||||||||||||||
Selling and marketing expenses | 7b | (322,643 | ) | (398,514 | ) | (443,692 | ) | (136,139 | ) | |||||||||
General and administrative expenses | 7c | (147,375 | ) | (157,228 | ) | (174,564 | ) | (53,562 | ) | |||||||||
Other operating expenses, net | (4,724 | ) | (3,503 | ) | (5,252 | ) | (1,611 | ) | ||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |||||||||||
Total operating expenses | (474,742 | ) | (559,245 | ) | (623,508 | ) | (191,312 | ) | ||||||||||
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|
|
|
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|
| |||||||||||
Operating loss | (102,387 | ) | (64,060 | ) | (72,712 | ) | (22,309 | ) | ||||||||||
Financial income | 7d | 32,598 | 61,294 | 28,366 | 8,704 | |||||||||||||
Financial expenses | 7d | (74,447 | ) | (96,667 | ) | (107,550 | ) | (33,000 | ) | |||||||||
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|
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|
|
|
| |||||||||||
Loss before income tax | (144,236 | ) | (99,433 | ) | (151,896 | ) | (46,605 | ) | ||||||||||
Income tax expense | 19 | (139 | ) | (80 | ) | — | — | |||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |||||||||||
Net Loss | R$ | (144,375 | ) | R$ | (99,513 | ) | R$ | (151,896 | ) | US$ | (46,605 | ) | ||||||
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|
|
|
|
|
| |||||||||||
Net loss attributable to: | ||||||||||||||||||
Owners of the Parent | R$ | (143,966 | ) | R$ | (98,676 | ) | R$ | (151,074 | ) | US$ | (46,355 | ) | ||||||
Non-controlling interests | (409 | ) | (837 | ) | (822 | ) | (250 | ) | ||||||||||
Loss per share attributable to owners of the Parent | ||||||||||||||||||
Basic and diluted | 4 | R$ | (22.63 | ) | R$ | (13.97 | ) | R$ | (21.14 | ) | US$ | (6.49 | ) | |||||
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|
|
|
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|
|
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.
F-6
Table of Contents
NETSHOES (CAYMAN) LIMITED AND SUBSIDIARIES
Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income (Loss)
Years Ended December 31, 2014, 2015 and 2016
(Reais and Dollars in thousands)
Years Ended December 31, | ||||||||||||||||
2014 | 2015 | 2016 | 2016 | |||||||||||||
BRL | BRL | BRL | USD | |||||||||||||
Note 2.2 | ||||||||||||||||
Net loss | R$ | (144,375 | ) | R$ | (99,513 | ) | R$ | (151,896 | ) | US$ | (46,605 | ) | ||||
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|
|
|
|
| |||||||||
Items that will subsequently be recycled to profit or loss | ||||||||||||||||
Foreign currency translation | 513 | (3,221 | ) | (11,015 | ) | (3,379 | ) | |||||||||
Cash flow hedges – effective portion of changes in fair value | — | 2,221 | (3,907 | ) | (1,199 | ) | ||||||||||
Cash flow hedges – reclassified to initial cost of inventories | — | (660 | ) | 3,119 | 957 | |||||||||||
Cash flow hedges – reclassified to profit or loss | — | (648 | ) | (670 | ) | (207 | ) | |||||||||
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|
|
|
|
|
| |||||||||
Other comprehensive income (loss) | 513 | (2,308 | ) | (12,473 | ) | (3,828 | ) | |||||||||
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|
|
|
|
|
|
| |||||||||
Total comprehensive income (loss) | (143,862 | ) | (101,821 | ) | (164,369 | ) | (50,433 | ) | ||||||||
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|
|
|
|
|
| |||||||||
Total comprehensive income (loss) attributable to: | ||||||||||||||||
Owners of the Parent | R$ | (143,529 | ) | R$ | (101,160 | ) | R$ | (163,829 | ) | US$ | (50,267 | ) | ||||
Non-controlling interests | (333 | ) | (661 | ) | (540 | ) | (166 | ) |
The accompanying notes are integral part of these consolidated financial statements.
F-7
Table of Contents
NETSHOES (CAYMAN) LIMITED AND SUBSIDIARIES
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows
Years Ended December 31, 2014, 2015 and 2016
(Reais and Dollars in thousands)
Years Ended December 31, | ||||||||||||||||
2014 | 2015 | 2016 | 2016 | |||||||||||||
BRL | BRL | BRL | USD | |||||||||||||
Note 2.2 | ||||||||||||||||
Cash flows from operating activities: | ||||||||||||||||
Net loss | R$ | (144,375 | ) | R$ | (99,513 | ) | R$ | (151,896 | ) | US$ | (46,605 | ) | ||||
Adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash used in operating activities: | ||||||||||||||||
Allowance for doubtful accounts | (3,458 | ) | (830 | ) | 1,167 | 357 | ||||||||||
Depreciation and amortization | 17,039 | 20,968 | 31,173 | 9,565 | ||||||||||||
Loss on disposal of property and equipment, and intangible assets | 2,144 | 923 | 901 | 276 | ||||||||||||
Share-based payment | 13,500 | (3,444 | ) | 930 | 285 | |||||||||||
Provision for contingent liabilities | 691 | 2,143 | 1,247 | 383 | ||||||||||||
Interest expense, net | 45,016 | 66,403 | 92,436 | 28,362 | ||||||||||||
Provision for inventory losses | 223 | 18 | 849 | 261 | ||||||||||||
Other | (80 | ) | (112 | ) | (134 | ) | (41 | ) | ||||||||
Changes in operating assets and liabilities: | ||||||||||||||||
(Increase) decrease in: | ||||||||||||||||
Restricted Cash | — | (21,937 | ) | (8 | ) | (2 | ) | |||||||||
Derivative financial instruments | — | (148 | ) | 148 | 45 | |||||||||||
Trade accounts receivable | (26,217 | ) | (13,306 | ) | 67,887 | 20,830 | ||||||||||
Inventories | 11,547 | (116,337 | ) | (77,195 | ) | (23,686 | ) | |||||||||
Recoverable taxes | (14,708 | ) | (18,574 | ) | (56,502 | ) | (17,337 | ) | ||||||||
Judicial deposits | (2,647 | ) | (29,230 | ) | (39,940 | ) | (12,255 | ) | ||||||||
Other assets | (11,407 | ) | (15,697 | ) | (21,109 | ) | (6,478 | ) | ||||||||
Increase (decrease) in: | ||||||||||||||||
Derivative financial instruments | 2,308 | (2,781 | ) | (209 | ) | (64 | ) | |||||||||
Trade accounts payable | 55,089 | 117,041 | 94,563 | 29,015 | ||||||||||||
Reverse factoring | — | 19,763 | 8,104 | 2,487 | ||||||||||||
Taxes and contributions payable | 233 | (11,718 | ) | 9,177 | 2,816 | |||||||||||
Deferred revenue | — | 34,750 | (1,875 | ) | (575 | ) | ||||||||||
Accrued expenses | 25,471 | 37,031 | 29,493 | 9,049 | ||||||||||||
Share-based payment | 3,955 | (2,421 | ) | (715 | ) | (219 | ) | |||||||||
Other liabilities | (1,590 | ) | 13,914 | (9,349 | ) | (2,869 | ) | |||||||||
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|
|
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|
| |||||||||
Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities | (27,266 | ) | (23,094 | ) | (20,857 | ) | (6,400 | ) | ||||||||
Cash flows from investing activities: | ||||||||||||||||
Purchase of property and equipment | (5,323 | ) | (21,773 | ) | (25,234 | ) | (7,743 | ) | ||||||||
Purchase of intangible assets | (16,274 | ) | (24,607 | ) | (47,066 | ) | (14,441 | ) | ||||||||
Interest received on installment sales | 16,941 | 16,740 | 6,987 | 2,144 | ||||||||||||
Restricted cash and other non-current assets | 687 | (2,327 | ) | 760 | 233 | |||||||||||
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|
|
| |||||||||
Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities | (3,969 | ) | (31,967 | ) | (64,553 | ) | (19,807 | ) | ||||||||
Cash flows from financing activities: | ||||||||||||||||
Proceeds from debt | 217,636 | 172,652 | 162,631 | 49,901 | ||||||||||||
Payments of debt | (372,814 | ) | (180,027 | ) | (102,552 | ) | (31,466 | ) | ||||||||
Payments of interest | (64,806 | ) | (79,722 | ) | (107,286 | ) | (32,919 | ) | ||||||||
Proceeds from issuance of common shares | 377,465 | 146,194 | — | — | ||||||||||||
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| |||||||||
Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities | 157,481 | 59,097 | (47,207 | ) | (14,484 | ) | ||||||||||
Effect of exchange rate changes on cash and cash equivalents | 1,955 | 2,656 | (5,143 | ) | (1,578 | ) | ||||||||||
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|
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|
|
| |||||||||
Change in cash and cash equivalents | 128,201 | 6,692 | (137,760 | ) | (42,269 | ) | ||||||||||
Cash and cash equivalents, beginning of period | 114,171 | 242,372 | 249,064 | 76,421 | ||||||||||||
Cash and cash equivalents, end of period | 242,372 | 249,064 | 111,304 | 34,152 | ||||||||||||
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| |||||||||
R$ | 128,201 | R$ | 6,692 | R$ | (137,760 | ) | US$ | (42,269 | ) | |||||||
Supplemental disclosure | ||||||||||||||||
Non-cash investing activities: | ||||||||||||||||
Acquisition of property and equipment and intagible assets (Note 15) | R$ | — | R$ | 1,869 | R$ | 4,677 | US$ | 1,435 |
The accompanying notes are integral part of these consolidated financial statements
F-8
Table of Contents
NETSHOES (CAYMAN) LIMITED AND SUBSIDIARIES
Consolidated Statements of Changes in Shareholders’ Equity
Years Ended December 31, 2014, 2015 and 2016
(Reais in thousands)
Equity Attributable to owners of the Parent | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Share Capital | Additional Paid-in Capital | Treasury Shares | Accumulated Losses | Foreign Currency Translation | Gain (Loss) on Hedge Accounting | Total | Non-controlling Interest | Total equity | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
BRL | BRL | BRL | BRL | BRL | BRL | BRL | BRL | BRL | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Balances, January 1, 2014 | R$ | 99 | R$ | 298,341 | R$ | (166 | ) | R$ | (283,663 | ) | R$ | (4,775 | ) | R$ | — | R$ | 9,836 | R$ | 1,919 | R$ | 11,755 | |||||||||||||||
Comprehensive Income (Loss) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Net loss | — | — | — | (143,966 | ) | — | — | (143,966 | ) | (409 | ) | (144,375 | ) | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Other comprehensive income (loss) | — | — | — | 437 | — | 437 | 76 | 513 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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|
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| |||||||||||||||||||
Total comprehensive income (loss) | — | — | — | (143,966 | ) | 437 | — | (143,529 | ) | (333 | ) | (143,862 | ) | |||||||||||||||||||||||
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| |||||||||||||||||||
Transactions with Owners and Other | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Issuance of common shares | 31 | 377,464 | — | — | — | — | 377,495 | — | 377,495 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Purchase of treasury shares | — | — | (381 | ) | — | — | — | (381 | ) | — | (381 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| |||||||||||||||||||
Total transactions with owners and other | 31 | 377,464 | (381 | ) | — | — | — | 377,114 | — | 377,114 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| |||||||||||||||||||
Balances, December 31, 2014 | 130 | 675,805 | R$ | (547 | ) | (427,629 | ) | R$ | (4,338 | ) | — | 243,421 | 1,586 | 245,007 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
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| |||||||||||||||||||
Comprehensive Income (Loss) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Net loss | — | — | — | (98,676 | ) | — | — | (98,676 | ) | (837 | ) | (99,513 | ) | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Other comprehensive income (loss) | — | — | — | — | (3,397 | ) | 913 | (2,484 | ) | 176 | (2,308 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
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|
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| |||||||||||||||||||
Total comprehensive income (loss) | — | — | — | (98,676 | ) | (3,397 | ) | 913 | (101,160 | ) | (661 | ) | (101,821 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||
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Transactions with Owners and Other | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Issuance of common shares | 11 | 146,183 | — | — | — | — | 146,194 | — | 146,194 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Purchase of treasury shares | — | — | (378 | ) | — | — | — | (378 | ) | — | (378 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Total transactions with owners and other | 11 | 146,183 | (378 | ) | — | — | — | 145,816 | — | 145,816 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Balances, December 31, 2015 | 141 | 821,988 | (925 | ) | (526,305 | ) | (7,735 | ) | 913 | 288,077 | 925 | 289,002 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Comprehensive Income (Loss) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Net loss | — | — | — | (151,074 | ) | — | — | (151,074 | ) | (822 | ) | (151,896 | ) | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Other comprehensive income (loss) | — | — | — | — | (11,297 | ) | (1,458 | ) | (12,755 | ) | 282 | (12,473 | ) | |||||||||||||||||||||||
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Total comprehensive income (loss) | — | — | — | (151,074 | ) | (11,297 | ) | (1,458 | ) | (163,829 | ) | (540 | ) | (164,369 | ) | |||||||||||||||||||||
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Transactions with Owners and Other | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Purchase of treasury shares | — | — | (608 | ) | — | — | — | (608 | ) | — | (608 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Total transactions with owners and other | — | — | (608 | ) | — | — | — | (608 | ) | — | (608 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Balances, December 31, 2016 | R$ | 141 | R$ | 821,988 | R$ | (1,533 | ) | R$ | (677,379 | ) | R$ | (19,032 | ) | R$ | (545 | ) | R$ | 123,640 | R$ | 385 | R$ | 124,025 | ||||||||||||||
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The accompanying notes are integral part of these consolidated financial statements
F-9
Table of Contents
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
As of December 31, 2015 and 2016 and for the years ended December 31, 2014, 2015 and 2016
(In thousands of reais and dollars, unless otherwise stated)
1. | Nature of Operations |
Netshoes (Cayman) Limited (“NSC” or the “Parent”) was incorporated in the Cayman Islands on April 12, 2011. NSC is a holding company and conducts its business primarily through its subsidiaries (together with NSC, the “Company”, “we” or “us”). The Company’s registered office is at Willow House, Cricket Square, George Town, KY 1-1104, Cayman Islands. Major shareholders of the Company include Tiger Global Private Investment Partners V, L.P. (“Tiger Global V”), Tiger Global Private Investment Partners VI, L.P. (“Tiger Global VI”), Archy LLC (“Archy”) and Marcio Kumruian, a founder shareholder (“MK”).
The Company is a leading sports and lifestyle ecommerce destination in Latin America with operations in Brazil, Mexico and Argentina. The Company’s core business is to offer to its customers a reliable and convenient online shopping experience with a wide selection of products including athletic shoes, jerseys, apparel, accessories and sporting equipment from leading international, local and private brands as well as fashion. The Company conducts its business mainly through its ecommerce websites (www.netshoes.com andwww.zattini.com).
2. | Summary of Significant Accounting Policies |
2.1. Statement of Compliance
The consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with International Financial Reporting Standards (“IFRSs”) as issued by the International Accounting Standards Board. The consolidated financial statements were authorized for issuance by the Board of Directors on March 1, 2017.
2.2. Basis of Presentation
The consolidated financial statements have been prepared under the historical-cost basis, unless otherwise indicated. The presentation of the consolidated financial statements in conformity with IFRS requires the use of certain accounting estimates, and also requires the Company´s Management to exercise its judgment in the process of applying the Company’s accounting policies. Note 2.3 to these consolidated financial statements shows the areas in which a greater level of judgment and estimates have been applied.
Intercompany balances and transactions, including income and expenses and any unrealized income and expenses and the balance of receivables and payables arising from intercompany transactions, are eliminated. Unrealized losses are eliminated in the same way as unrealized gains, but only to the extent that there is no evidence of impairment.
United States Dollar (“US$”) is the functional currency of the Company and Brazilian Real (“R$”) is the reporting currency. All values have been rounded to the nearest thousands of R$, except where noted.
Translations of balances in the consolidated statement of financial positions, consolidated statement of profit or loss, consolidated statement of comprehensive income (loss) and statement of cash flows from R$ into US$ as of and for the year ended December 31, 2016 are solely for the convenience of the readers and have been calculated at the rate of US$1.00 = R$3.2591, representing the exchange rate set forth by the Banco Central do Brasil (Central Bank of Brazil) on December 31, 2016. No representation is made that the R$ amounts could have been, or could be, converted, realized or settled into US$ at that rate on December 31, 2016, or at any other rate. All values have been rounded to the nearest thousands of R$ and US$, except where noted.
F-10
Table of Contents
NETSHOES (CAYMAN) LIMITED
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
As of December 31, 2015 and 2016 and for the years ended December 31, 2014, 2015 and 2016
(In thousands of reais and dollars, unless otherwise stated)
2.3. Use of Judgments, Estimates and Assumptions
In preparing these consolidated financial statements, management has made judgments, estimates and assumptions that affect the application of the Company’s accounting policies and the reported amounts of assets, liabilities, income and expenses. Actual results may differ from these estimates.
Estimates and underlying assumptions are reviewed on an ongoing basis. Revisions to estimates are recognized prospectively.
Information about judgments, assumptions and estimates made in applying accounting policies that have the most significant effects on the amounts recognized in the consolidated financial statements are included in the following notes:
• | Note 2.11 and 21 – Share-based payments: Valuation and classification of awards; |
• | Note 2.17 and 9 – Trade Accounts Receivable: Estimated losses on doubtful accounts; |
• | Note 2.18 and 10 – Inventories: Provision for inventory losses; |
• | Note 2.27 and 19 – Income Taxes: Recognition of deferred income tax assets and availability of future taxable profit against which tax losses carried forward can be used. The determination of tax positions that are probable of being sustained also involves significant judgment; |
• | Note 2.20, 2.21, 12 and 13 – Property and Equipment and Intangible Assets: Useful lives of property and equipment and intangible; |
• | Note 2.28 – Provision for labor, civil and tax risks: Key assumptions about the likelihood and magnitude of an outflow of resources. |
2.4. Principles of Consolidation
The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of all entities in which NSC has a controlling financial interest.
Consolidated Subsidiaries
Consolidated subsidiaries are entities controlled by the Parent. The Parent controls an entity when it is exposed, or has the right to, variable returns from its involvement with the entity and has the ability to affect those returns through its power over the entity. The financial statements of consolidated subsidiaries are included in the consolidated financial statements from the date on which control commences until the date on which control ceases.
The consolidated subsidiaries are listed as follows:
Percentage Ownership and Voting Interest | ||||||||||
Company | Country of Incorporation | December 31, 2015 | December 31, 2016 | |||||||
Netshoes Holding, LLC | United States of America | 100.00 | % | 100.00 | % | |||||
NS2 Com Internet Ltda | Brazil | 100.00 | % | 100.00 | % | |||||
NS3 Internet S.A. | Argentina | 97.84 | % | 98.17 | % | |||||
NS4 Com Internet S.A. | Mexico | 100.00 | % | 100.00 | % | |||||
NS4 Servicios de México S.A. C.V. | Mexico | 100.00 | % | 100.00 | % | |||||
NS5 Participações Ltda. | Brazil | 99.99 | % | 99.99 | % | |||||
NS6 Serviços Esportivos Ltda. | Brazil | 100.00 | % | 100.00 | % |
F-11
Table of Contents
NETSHOES (CAYMAN) LIMITED
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
As of December 31, 2015 and 2016 and for the years ended December 31, 2014, 2015 and 2016
(In thousands of reais and dollars, unless otherwise stated)
Non-controlling interests
Non-controlling interests in the net assets of consolidated subsidiaries are identified separately from the Company’s equity. The interest of non-controlling shareholders may be initially measured either at fair value or at the non-controlling interest’s proportionate share of the fair value of the identifiable net assets of the relevant entity. The choice of measurement basis is made on an individual basis. Subsequent to the acquisition of a non-controlling interest, the carrying amount of non-controlling interest is the amount of relevant interests at initial recognition plus the non-controlling interest share of subsequent changes in equity. Total comprehensive income is attributed to non-controlling interests even if it results in the non-controlling interest having a deficit balance.
Changes in the Parent’s interest in subsidiaries that do not result in a loss of control are accounted for as equity transactions.
2.5. Foreign Currency Translation and Transactions
The functional currency of the Company is US$ and the reporting currency is Brazilian Real (“R$”) as this currency better reflects the underlying operations of the consolidated entities. The Company’s subsidiaries with operations in Brazil, Argentina and Mexico use their respective currencies as their functional currencies.
Foreign Currency Translation
The financial statements of foreign entities that use a functional currency different from the reporting currency are translated into Brazilian Real as described below:
• | Assets and liabilities are translated into Brazilian Real at the closing rate, corresponding to the spot exchange rate at the balance sheet date; and |
• | Income statement and cash flow items are translated into Brazilian Real using the average rate of the period unless significant variances occur. |
The resulting exchange differences are recognized directly in other comprehensive income (loss). When a foreign operation is disposed of, the cumulative amount of the exchange differences in consolidated equity relating to that operation is recorded to the consolidated statements of operations.
Foreign Currency Operations
Foreign currency transactions are converted into the functional currency using the exchange rate at the transaction date. Monetary assets and liabilities denominated in foreign currencies are remeasured into functional currency using the exchange rate at the reporting date and the resulting exchange differences are recognized as financial income (expenses) in the consolidated statements of operations. Non-monetary assets and liabilities denominated in foreign currencies are not re-measured at the reporting date.
2.6. Segment Information
An operating segment is a component of the Company that: a) engages in business activities from which it may earn revenues and incur expenditures, including revenues and expenses that relate to transactions with any of the Company’s other components, and b) whose operating results are regularly reviewed by the Company’s chief operating decision maker (“CODM”) to make decisions as to allocation of resources to the relevant segment and assess its performance and for which individual financial information is available.
F-12
Table of Contents
NETSHOES (CAYMAN) LIMITED
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
As of December 31, 2015 and 2016 and for the years ended December 31, 2014, 2015 and 2016
(In thousands of reais and dollars, unless otherwise stated)
The Company is organized around geographical division and discloses the following reportable segments:
• | Brazil: consists of retail sales of consumer products from all of our verticals (which includes sales of sporting goods and related garments as well as fashion and, more recently, beauty goods) carried out through our sites Netshoes.com.br and Zattini.com.br and third-party sites that we manage as well as our business to business offline operation. |
• | International: consists of retail sales of consumer products (mainly sporting goods and related garments) from our sites Netshoes.com.ar and Netshoes.com.mx in Argentina and Mexico. |
2.7. Revenue Recognition
Net sales primarily consists of revenue from product sales (both business to consumer direct sales and business to business transactions) and other revenues.
Revenue from Product Sales
Revenue from product sales arises from (i) online purchases on the Company’s sites (i.e. Netshoes and Zattini) and third-party sites that the Company manages and (ii) offline purchases with the Company. Revenue from product sales is recognized when persuasive evidence exists that the significant risks and rewards of product ownership have been transferred to the customer, generally on delivery and acceptance at the customers’ premises, recovery of the consideration is probable, the associated costs and possible return of goods can be estimated reliably, there is no continuing management involvement with the goods, and the amount of revenue can be measured reliably.
Revenue from product sales is measured at fair value of the consideration received or receivable, net of promotional discounts, returns and value added tax and sales taxes. The Company recognizes revenue from product sales on a gross basis since the Company acts as principal and as such, it has primary responsibility for fulfilling the orders, it bears inventory risk, and it has discretion in establishing prices and bears the customer’s credit risk.
Other Revenues
Other revenues mainly consist of the following:
• | Freight-related services: Revenue from the freight-related services is recognized once the service is rendered. |
• | Marketplace platform: The Company generates revenue from the marketplace platform in the form of a commission, when the third-party vendors sell the products on this platform. The Company recognizes revenue from the marketplace platform on a net basis because the Company acts as an agent and does not have primary responsibility for fulfilling the orders, bear inventory risk or have discretion in establishing prices. The Company’s marketplace platform was launched in February 2016. |
• | NCard: The Company generates commission revenue from the customers’ activation of NCards. The revenue is recognized when the NCards are activated by the customers. |
2.8. Cost of Sales
Cost of sales consist of costs related to direct sales, including purchase price of consumer products sold to customers from direct sales, inbound freight charges to fulfillment center and outbound freight cost, packaging
F-13
Table of Contents
NETSHOES (CAYMAN) LIMITED
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
As of December 31, 2015 and 2016 and for the years ended December 31, 2014, 2015 and 2016
(In thousands of reais and dollars, unless otherwise stated)
supplies, gains related to discounts obtained from suppliers and costs for lost, stolen or damaged goods received. Freight charges to receive products from suppliers are included in inventory and recognized as cost of sales upon sale of products to customers.
2.9. | Software Development |
Expenditure on research activities, undertaken with the prospects of gaining new scientific or technical knowledge and understanding, is recognized as an expense in the statements of operations when incurred.
Development activities involve a plan or project aimed at putting in use new or significantly improved technologies. Development costs are capitalized only if the Company can demonstrate all of the following:
• | the technical feasibility of completing the intangible asset so that it will be available for use or sale; |
• | its intention to complete the intangible asset and use or sell it; |
• | its ability to use or sell the intangible asset; |
• | how the intangible asset will generate probable future economic benefits. Among other things, the Company can demonstrate the existence of a market for the output of the intangible asset or the intangible asset itself or, if it is to be used internally, the usefulness of the intangible asset; |
• | the availability of adequate technical, financial and other resources to complete the development and to use or sell the intangible asset; and |
• | its ability to measure reliably the expenditure attributable to the intangible asset during its development. |
The expenditures capitalized include the cost of materials, labor and other costs that are directly attributable to preparing the asset for its intended use. Other development expenditures are recognized as expenses in the statements of profit or loss when incurred.
Subsequent to initial recognition, internally-generated intangible assets are reported at cost less accumulated amortization and impairment losses, if any.
2.10. Financial income and expenses
Financial income comprises interest income on cash and cash equivalents, imputed interest income on installment sales arising from extended payment terms offered to our customers, foreign exchange gains and gains on derivative financial instruments. Interest income is recognized as it accrues in profit or loss, using the effective interest rate method.
Financial expenses comprise interest expenses on debt and imputed interest expense on credit purchases with extended payment terms offered by our suppliers. Financial expenses also include bank fees, foreign exchange losses and losses on derivative instruments. Borrowing costs are recognized in the consolidated statements of profit or loss using the effective interest method.
The rate used to determine imputed interest income on installment sales is 100% of the Brazilian Interbank Deposit Rate (Certificado de Depósito Interbancário, or CDI), plus a percentage that represents the credit risk of the Company’s counterparties.
F-14
Table of Contents
NETSHOES (CAYMAN) LIMITED
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
As of December 31, 2015 and 2016 and for the years ended December 31, 2014, 2015 and 2016
(In thousands of reais and dollars, unless otherwise stated)
The rate to determine imputed interest expense on credit purchase is 100% of the CDI, plus a percentage that represents the Company’s credit risk.
2.11. Share-Based Payments
The Company may grant share-based payments to employees, directors, other service providers or independent contractors. These awards are accounted for as follows:
(a) Cash-settled arrangement
Considering the characteristics and past practice adopted by the Company in settling these awards, the initial measurement of the liability is based on the fair value of the Company´s shares and takes into account discounts obtained upon settlement and is remeasured at each reporting date until the effective cash payout. For additional details, see note 21.
(b) Equity-settled arrangement
The grant-date fair value of equity-settled share-based payment arrangements granted to employees is generally recognised as an expense, with a corresponding increase in equity, over the vesting period of the awards. The amount recognised as an expense is adjusted to reflect the number of awards for which the related service and non-market performance conditions are expected to be met, such that the amount ultimately recognised is based on the number of awards that meet the related service and non-market performance conditions at the vesting date. The cost of equity-settled transactions is determined by the fair value at the grant date, further details of which are given in note 21.
The Company did not modify any awards during the years ended December 31, 2014, 2015 and 2016.
2.12. Employee Benefits
Short-term Employee Benefits
Short-term employee benefits are employee benefits that are due to be settled within twelve months after the end of the period in which the employees render the related service. When an employee has rendered service to the Company during an accounting period, the Company recognizes the undiscounted amount of short-term employee benefits expected to be paid in exchange for that service as profit or loss. If the Company has a legal or constructive obligation which can be reliably measured, the Company recognizes the amount of expected payment as liabilities.
Profit Sharing and Bonuses
The Company provides a profit sharing plan for its employees, which is linked to performance targets set in action plans and agreed at the beginning of each year, whereas, officers are entitled to bonuses based on the provisions of the bylaws, proposed by the Board of Directors. Provisions for profit sharing and bonuses are recognized in the period in which targets are achieved by applying the agreed percentage to the payroll of the Company.
Post-employment Benefits: Defined Contribution Plans
Under a defined contribution plan, the Company’s only obligation is to pay a fixed amount with no obligation to pay further contributions if the fund does not hold sufficient assets to pay all employee benefits. The related actuarial and investment risks falls on the employee.
F-15
Table of Contents
NETSHOES (CAYMAN) LIMITED
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
As of December 31, 2015 and 2016 and for the years ended December 31, 2014, 2015 and 2016
(In thousands of reais and dollars, unless otherwise stated)
In defined contribution plans, when an employee has rendered service to the Company during a period, the Company recognizes the contribution payable to a defined contribution plan in exchange for that service as an accrued expense, after deducting any contributions already paid. If the contributions already paid exceed the contribution due for service before the end of the reporting period, the Company recognizes that excess as an asset (prepaid expense) to the extent that the prepayment will lead to a reduction in future payments or a cash refund.
2.13. Cash and Cash Equivalents
Cash and cash equivalents include cash on hand, bank deposits and highly liquid investments in fixed-income funds with an initial maturity of less than three months and subject to an insignificant risk of change in value.
2.14. Restricted Cash
Restricted cash represents cash deposits not readily available to the Company. The current portion represents cash given in guarantee of import letters of credit issued by banks related to the purchase of imported products and changes in this have been classified as operating activities in the consolidated statements of cash flows. The non-current portion represents collateral to long term debt and it has been included within investing activities in the consolidated statements of cash flows.
2.15. Financial Instruments
The Company classifies non-derivative financial assets into the following categories: financial assets at fair value through profit or loss, held-to-maturity financial assets, loans and receivables and available-for-sale financial assets. Additionally, non-derivative financial liabilities are classified into the following categories: financial liabilities at fair value through profit or loss and other financial liabilities.
A. Non-derivative financial assets and financial liabilities – Recognition and derecognition
The Company initially recognizes financial assets and financial liabilities when it becomes a party to the contractual provisions of the instrument.
The Company derecognizes a financial asset when the contractual rights to the cash flows from the asset expire, or it transfers the rights to receive the contractual cash flows in a transaction in which substantially all of the risks and rewards of ownership of the financial asset are transferred, or it neither transfers nor retains substantially all of the risks and rewards of ownership and does not retain control over the transferred asset. Any interest in such derecognized financial assets that is created or retained by the Company is recognized as a separate asset or liability.
The Company derecognizes a financial liability when its contractual obligations are discharged or cancelled, or expire.
Financial assets and financial liabilities are offset and the net amount presented in the statement of financial position when, and only when, the Company currently has a legally enforceable right to offset the amounts and intends either to settle them on a net basis or to realize the asset and settle the liability simultaneously.
B. Non-derivative financial assets – Measurement
i. Financial assets at fair value through profit or loss
A financial asset is classified as at fair value through profit or loss if it is classified as held-for-trading or is designated as such on initial recognition. Directly attributable transaction costs are recognized in profit or loss as
F-16
Table of Contents
NETSHOES (CAYMAN) LIMITED
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
As of December 31, 2015 and 2016 and for the years ended December 31, 2014, 2015 and 2016
(In thousands of reais and dollars, unless otherwise stated)
incurred. Financial assets at fair value through profit or loss are measured at fair value and changes therein, including any interest or dividend income, are recognized in profit or loss.
ii. Held-to-maturity financial assets
These assets are initially measured at fair value plus any directly attributable transaction costs. Subsequent to initial recognition, they are measured at amortized cost using the effective interest method.
iii. Loans and receivables
These assets are initially measured at fair value plus any directly attributable transaction costs. Subsequent to initial recognition, they are measured at amortized cost using the effective interest method.
iv. Available-for-sale financial assets
These assets are initially measured at fair value plus any directly attributable transaction costs. Subsequent to initial recognition, they are measured at fair value and changes therein, other than impairment, are recognized in Other Comprehensive Income (OCI). When these assets are derecognized, the gain or loss accumulated in equity is reclassified to profit or loss.
C. Non-derivative financial liabilities – Measurement
A financial liability is classified as at fair value through profit or loss if it is classified as held-for-trading or is designated as such on initial recognition. Directly attributable transaction costs are recognized in profit or loss as incurred. Financial liabilities at fair value through profit or loss are measured at fair value and changes therein, including any interest expense, are recognized in profit or loss.
Other non-derivative financial liabilities are initially measured at fair value less any directly attributable transaction costs. Subsequent to initial recognition, these liabilities are measured at amortized cost using the effective interest method.
D. Derivative financial instruments and hedge accounting
The Company holds derivative financial instruments to hedge its foreign currency exposures. Embedded derivatives are separated from the host contract and accounted for separately if certain criteria are met.
Cash flow hedge
When a derivative is designated as a cash flow hedging instrument, the effective portion of changes in the fair value of the derivative is recognized in OCI. Any ineffective portion of changes in the fair value of the derivative is recognized immediately in profit or loss.
The amount accumulated in equity is retained in OCI and reclassified to profit or loss in the same period or periods during which the hedged forecast cash flows affect profit or loss or the hedged item affects profit or loss.
If the forecast transaction is no longer expected to occur, the hedge no longer meets the criteria for hedge accounting, the hedging instrument expires or is sold, terminated or exercised, or the designation is revoked, then
F-17
Table of Contents
NETSHOES (CAYMAN) LIMITED
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
As of December 31, 2015 and 2016 and for the years ended December 31, 2014, 2015 and 2016
(In thousands of reais and dollars, unless otherwise stated)
hedge accounting is discontinued prospectively. If the forecast transaction is no longer expected to occur, then the amount accumulated in equity is reclassified to profit or loss.
2.16. Fair Value Measurements
Several accounting policies and disclosures require fair value measurement, for both financial and non-financial assets and liabilities.
When measuring the fair value of an asset or a liability, the Company uses observable market data as far as possible. Fair values are categorized into different levels in a fair value hierarchy based on the inputs used in the valuation techniques as follows:
• | Level 1 — unadjusted quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities. |
• | Level 2 — inputs other than quoted prices included in Level 1 that are observable for the assets or liability, either directly or indirectly |
• | Level 3 — inputs for the assets or liability that are not based on observable market data. |
If the inputs used to measure the fair value of an asset or a liability fall into different levels of the fair value hierarchy, then the fair value measurement is categorized in its entirety in the same level of the fair value hierarchy as the lowest level input that is significant to the entire measurement.
The Company recognizes transfers between levels of the fair value hierarchy at the end of the reporting period during which the change has occurred.
Note 18 includes accounting classification and fair value measurement of financial instruments.
2.17. Trade Accounts Receivable
The Company’s trade accounts receivable are mainly represented by credit sales (installments) funded by credit card operators, which represent 95% and 75% of the total outstanding balance at December 31, 2015 and 2016, respectively. They are included within current assets, with the exception of those maturing in over twelve months from the closing date of the financial statements, in which case they are classified as non-current assets.
Trade accounts receivable are recognized at fair value which primarily represents the present value of the amount receivable and subsequently measured at amortized cost using the effective interest method, less any impairment losses.
When a trade accounts receivable is uncollectible, it is written-off against the allowance account for trade accounts receivable. Subsequent recoveries of amounts previously written-off are recognized as income in profit or loss.
An impairment loss of trade accounts receivable is recognized when there is objective evidence that the Company will not be able to collect all amounts due according to the original terms of the relevant receivables. Significant financial difficulties of the debtor, probability that the debtor will enter bankruptcy or financial reorganization, and default or delinquency in payment are considered indicators that the trade accounts receivable can be impaired.
F-18
Table of Contents
NETSHOES (CAYMAN) LIMITED
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
As of December 31, 2015 and 2016 and for the years ended December 31, 2014, 2015 and 2016
(In thousands of reais and dollars, unless otherwise stated)
2.18. Inventories
Inventories are valued at the lower of cost and net realizable value. The cost of inventories is based on the weighted-average method, and includes expenditures incurred in acquiring relevant inventories and other costs incurred in bringing them to their existing location and condition. Cost of purchase of inventories comprises their purchase price including non-recoverable taxes, transport and handling costs and any other directly attributable costs, less trade discounts. Net realizable value is the estimated selling price in the ordinary course of business less the estimated selling expenses.
The Company writes down the carrying value of its inventories for estimated amounts related to the lower of cost or net realizable value, obsolescence or unmarketable inventory equal to the difference between the cost of inventory and the estimated net realizable value. The estimated net realizable value of inventory is based on historical usage and assumptions about future demand, future product purchase commitments and market conditions on a product-by-product basis. When the circumstances that previously caused inventories to be written down below cost no longer exist or when there is clear evidence of an increase in net realizable value because of changed economic circumstances, the amount of the write-down is reversed (i.e. the reversal is limited to the amount of the original write-down) so that the new carrying amount is the lower of the cost and the revised net realizable value.
When inventories are sold, the carrying amount of those inventories is recognized as cost of sales in the consolidated statements of profit or loss in the period in which the related revenue is recognized. The amount of any write-down of inventories to net realizable value and all losses of inventories are recognized as an expense in the period the write-down or loss occurs. The amount of any reversal of any write-down of inventories is recognized as a reduction in the amount of inventories recognized as an expense in the period in which the reversal occurs.
2.19. Judicial Deposits
Judicial deposits are court-ordered deposits that serve as collateral until the final settlement of the disputes to which they are related. These deposits accrue interest based on the applicable country’s risk free interest rate and are reported in non-current assets until a final judicial decision. Changes in judicial deposits are presented as operating activities in the statement of cash flow.
2.20. Property and Equipment
Property and equipment are measured at cost less accumulated depreciation and any accumulated impairment losses. Cost includes the purchase price and any other costs directly attributable to bringing the asset to the location and condition necessary for it to be capable of operating. The cost of a self-constructed asset is determined using the same principles as for an acquired asset.
F-19
Table of Contents
NETSHOES (CAYMAN) LIMITED
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
As of December 31, 2015 and 2016 and for the years ended December 31, 2014, 2015 and 2016
(In thousands of reais and dollars, unless otherwise stated)
Depreciation is recognized on a straight-line basis method, reflecting the pattern in which the asset’s future economic benefits are expected to be consumed by the Company. The estimated useful lives are as follows:
Asset Class | Useful Life (years) | |
Leasehold improvements | 14 | |
Machinery and equipment | 8 | |
Hardware | 5 | |
Facilities | 14 | |
Furniture and fixture | 8 | |
Vehicles | 5 |
Gain or loss arising from the derecognition of property and equipment is determined as the difference between the net disposal proceeds, if any, and the carrying amount of the item and recognized in other operating income (expenses) in the consolidated statements of profit or loss.
2.21. Intangible Assets
Intangible items are recognized as intangible assets when they meet the following criteria:
• | the item is identifiable and separable, |
• | the Company has the capacity to control future economic benefits from the item; and |
• | the item will generate future economic benefits. |
Intangible assets consist mainly of trademark, software purchased, software internally developed and software under development.
Initial Recognition
Intangible assets acquired separately by the Company are measured at cost.
Amortization
Subsequent to initial recognition of the intangible assets, the intangible assets are carried at cost less any accumulated amortization and any accumulated impairment losses. Intangible assets are amortized on a straight-line basis over their estimated useful lives. Amortization of the asset begins when development is complete and the asset is available for use. Indefinite life intangibles are not amortized, but are tested for impairment at each year-end or whenever there is an indication that the carrying amount may not be recovered. The estimated useful lives of assets are as follows:
Asset Class | Useful Life (years) | |
Purchased software | 5 | |
Internally developed software | 5 | |
Trademark | Indefinite |
Amortization methods, useful lives and residual values are reviewed at each financial year-end and adjusted if appropriate and any changes are accounted for as changes in accounting estimates. There were no such changes for any periods presented.
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NETSHOES (CAYMAN) LIMITED
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
As of December 31, 2015 and 2016 and for the years ended December 31, 2014, 2015 and 2016
(In thousands of reais and dollars, unless otherwise stated)
Derecognition
An intangible asset is derecognized on disposal when no future economic benefits are expected from its use or disposal. Gain or loss arising from derecognition of an intangible asset is determined as the difference between the net sale proceeds, if any, and the carrying amount of the intangible asset. When an intangible asset is derecognized, it is recorded as other operating expenses in the consolidated statements of profit or loss.
2.22. Impairment of Long-Lived Assets
The Company’s property and equipment and intangible assets are reviewed for an indication of impairment at each balance sheet date. If indication of impairment exists, the asset’s recoverable amount is estimated.
Intangible assets with an indefinite useful life are tested for impairment at least once a year as of December 31 or whenever circumstances indicate that the carrying value may be impaired. Other assets are tested whenever there is an indication that they may be impaired.
For the purpose of impairment testing, assets are grouped together into a cash-generating unit (“CGU”), which is the smallest group of assets that generates cash inflows that are largely independent of the cash inflows from other assets or groups of assets. The Company has defined as a cash-generating unit each country where it operates.
Recoverable amount is the greater of the asset’s fair value less costs of disposal and value in use. In assessing value in use, the estimated future cash flows are discounted to their present value using a pre-tax discount rate that reflects current market assessments of the time value of money and the risks specific to the asset or CGU.
An impairment loss is recognized when the carrying amount of an asset or the CGU exceeds its recoverable amount. There were no impairment losses for the years ended December 31, 2014, 2015 or 2016.
An impairment loss recognized in a prior period is reversed if, and only if, there is an indication that there has been a change in the estimates used to determine the recoverable amount. An impairment loss is reversed only to the extent that the asset’s carrying amount does not exceed the carrying amount that would have been determined, net of depreciation or amortization, if no impairment loss had been recognized.
2.23. Trade Accounts Payable
Trade accounts payable are obligations to pay for goods or services that have been acquired in the ordinary course of business. Trade accounts payable are classified as current liabilities if payment is due within one year or less. If not, they are presented as non-current liabilities.
Trade accounts payable are initially discounted to the present value of consideration due if payment is deferred and subsequently measured at amortized cost using the effective interest method.
2.24. Reverse Factoring
Under reverse factoring, financial institutions commit to pay the Company’s suppliers at an accelerated rate in exchange for a trade discount. The Company derecognizes trade accounts payable to suppliers and recognizes financial liabilities with respect to the relevant financial institutions under “Reverse Factoring” in its consolidated statements of financial position. Cash payments made by financial institutions for reverse factoring to relevant suppliers are classified as operating activities in the consolidated statements of cash flows.
F-21
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NETSHOES (CAYMAN) LIMITED
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
As of December 31, 2015 and 2016 and for the years ended December 31, 2014, 2015 and 2016
(In thousands of reais and dollars, unless otherwise stated)
2.25. Transfer of Financial Assets
A financial asset (or, where applicable a part of a financial asset or part of a group of similar financial assets) is derecognized when:
(i) | the contractual rights to receive cash flows from the asset have expired; |
(ii) | the Company has transferred its rights to receive cash flows from the asset, or the Company retains the contractual rights to receive the cash flows from the asset, but has assumed an obligation to pay the received cash flows in full without material delay to a third party under a “pass-through” arrangement; or |
(iii) | the Company has its rights to receive cash flows from an asset and either (a) has transferred substantially all the risks and rewards of the asset, or (b) has neither transferred nor retained substantially all the risks and rewards of the asset, but has no control of the asset. |
When the Company has transferred its rights to receive cash flows from an asset or has entered into a pass-through arrangement, it evaluates if and to what extent it has retained the risk and rewards of ownership of the asset. When it has neither transferred nor retained substantially all the risks and rewards of the asset nor transferred control of the asset, the Company continues to recognize the transferred asset to the extent of the Company’s continuing involvement. In that case, the Company also recognizes an associated liability. The transferred asset and the associated liability are measured on a basis that reflects the rights and obligations that the Company has retained.
In the normal course of business, the Company transfers some financial assets (i.e. trade accounts receivable) to financial institutions. Under the terms of such arrangements, the Company surrenders control over certain financial assets and their transfer is without recourse. Accordingly, such transfers are recorded as sales of financial assets.
Some financial assets are also transferred with recourse, which does not qualify for derecognition as the Company has continuous involvement in the financial assets and not substantially all risks and rewards were transferred. Such transfers are recorded as liability in current portion of long-term debt (Note 16).
2.26. Leases
Leases in which a significant portion of the risks and rewards of ownership are retained by the lessor are classified as operating leases. Payments made under operating leases (net of any incentives received from the lessor) are charged to the statements of profit or loss on a straight-line basis over the period of the lease.
2.27. Income Taxes
Income tax comprises current and deferred tax. Current and deferred income tax are recognized in the consolidated statements of profit or loss except for items directly recognized in equity or in OCI.
Current Income Tax
Current income tax comprises the expected tax payable or receivable on the taxable income or loss for the year and any adjustment to the tax payable or receivable in respect of previous years. The amount of current tax payable or receivable is the best estimate of the tax amount expected to be paid or received that reflects uncertainty related to income taxes, if any. It is measured using tax rates enacted or substantively enacted at the reporting date.
F-22
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NETSHOES (CAYMAN) LIMITED
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
As of December 31, 2015 and 2016 and for the years ended December 31, 2014, 2015 and 2016
(In thousands of reais and dollars, unless otherwise stated)
Significant judgments are involved in determining the provision for income taxes including judgment on whether tax positions are probable of being sustained in tax assessments. A tax assessment can involve complex issues, which can only be resolved over extended time periods. The recognition of taxes that are subject to certain legal or economic limits or uncertainties is assessed individually by management based on the specific facts and circumstances.
Deferred Income Tax
Deferred income tax is recognized in respect of temporary differences between the carrying amounts of assets and liabilities for financial reporting purposes and the amounts used for taxation purposes. Deferred income tax is not recognized for:
• | temporary differences on the initial recognition of assets or liabilities in a transaction that is not a business combination and that affects neither accounting nor taxable profit or loss; |
• | temporary differences related to investments in subsidiaries to the extent that the Company is able to control the timing of the reversal of the temporary differences and it is probable that they will not reverse in the foreseeable future; and |
• | taxable temporary differences arising on the initial recognition of goodwill. |
Deferred income tax assets are recognized for unused tax losses, unused tax credits and deductible temporary differences to the extent that it is probable that future taxable profits will be available against which they can be used. Deferred income tax assets are reviewed at each reporting date and are reduced to the extent that it is no longer probable that the related tax benefit will be realized; such reductions are reversed when the probability of future taxable profits improves.
Deferred income tax is measured at the tax rates that are expected to be applied to temporary differences when they reverse, using tax rates enacted or substantively enacted at the reporting date.
Deferred income tax assets and liabilities are offset only if:
• | the entity has a legally enforceable right to set off current tax assets against current tax liabilities, and |
• | the deferred tax assets and the deferred tax liabilities relate to income taxes levied by the same taxation authority on either: |
• | the same taxable entity, or |
• | different taxable entities which intend either to settle current tax liabilities and assets on a net basis, or to realize the assets and settle the liabilities simultaneously, in each future period in which significant amounts of deferred tax liabilities or assets are expected to be settled or recovered. |
2.28. Provision for Tax, Civil and Labor Risks and Contingent Liabilities
Provisions for tax, civil and labor risks are recorded when the Company has a present obligation (legal or constructive) as a result of a past event, the amount of the obligation can be reliably estimated and it is probable that an outflow of resources embodying economic benefits will be required to settle the obligation.
The Company is part of various lawsuits and administrative proceedings. The assessment of the likelihood of an unfavorable outcome in these lawsuits and proceedings includes the analysis of the evidence available, the hierarchy of the laws, available jurisprudence, as well as the most recent court decisions and their importance to
F-23
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NETSHOES (CAYMAN) LIMITED
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
As of December 31, 2015 and 2016 and for the years ended December 31, 2014, 2015 and 2016
(In thousands of reais and dollars, unless otherwise stated)
the relevant legal system, as well as the opinion of external legal counsel. Provisions are reviewed and adjusted to reflect changes in circumstances, such as applicable statute of limitations, conclusions of tax audits or additional exposures identified based on new matters or court decisions.
Where it is not probable that an outflow of economic benefits will be required, or the amount cannot be estimated reliably, the obligation is disclosed as a contingent liability, unless the probability of outflow of economic benefits is remote. Possible obligations, whose existence will only be confirmed by the occurrence or non-occurrence of one or more future events, are also disclosed as contingent liabilities unless the probability of outflow of economic benefits is remote.
2.29. Treasury Shares
The Company’s own equity instruments reacquired are recorded under “Treasury Shares” within shareholders’ equity at their acquisition price. No gain or loss is recognized in profit or loss on the purchase, sale, issuance or cancellation of its own equity instruments.
When treasury shares are sold or reissued subsequently, the amount received is recognized as an increase to equity, and the resulting surplus or deficit on the transaction is recorded in retained earnings. Voting rights related to treasury shares are nullified for the Company and no dividends are allocated to them.
2.30. Earnings (Loss) per Share (“EPS”)
Basic EPS is computed by dividing net income (loss) attributable to the owners of the Parent by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding for the periods. Diluted EPS reflects the potential dilution of share options that could be exercised or converted into common shares, and is computed by dividing net income (loss) attributable to the owners of the Parent by the weighted average number of common share outstanding plus the potentially dilutive effect of share options. When the Company reports net loss attributable to the owners of the Parent, the diluted losses per common share are equal to the basic losses per common share due to the anti-dilutive effect of the outstanding share options.
2.31. New Accounting Pronouncements
The following pronouncements issued by the IASB and interpretations published by IFRIC will become effective for annual periods beginning on or after January 1, 2017. The Company has not early adopted the following new or amendment standards in preparing these consolidated financial statements.
Effective for periods beginning on or after January 1, 2017
In January 2016, the IASB issued amendments to IAS 12 – “Income taxes” to clarify the following:
(a) | the carrying value of an asset does not limit the estimation of probable future taxable profits. |
(b) | estimates for future taxable profits exclude tax deductions resulting from the reversal of deductible temporary differences. |
(c) | an entity assesses a deferred income tax asset in combination with other deferred income tax assets. Where tax law restricts the utilization of tax losses, an entity would assess a deferred income tax asset in combination with other deferred income tax assets of the same type. |
The amendments are effective for annual periods beginning on or after January 1, 2017.
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NETSHOES (CAYMAN) LIMITED
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
As of December 31, 2015 and 2016 and for the years ended December 31, 2014, 2015 and 2016
(In thousands of reais and dollars, unless otherwise stated)
The Company expects the adoption of these amendments will have no significant impact on its consolidated financial statements.
In January 2016, the IASB issued amendments in IAS 7 - “Statement of Cash Flows” to clarify and improve information provided to users of financial statements about an entity’s financing activities.
The IASB requires the following changes in liabilities arising from financing activities disclosed (to the extent necessary):
(a) | changes from financing cash flows; |
(b) | changes arising from obtaining and losing control of subsidiaries or other businesses; |
(c) | the effect of changes of foreign exchange rates; |
(d) | changes in fair value; and |
(e) | other changes. |
The amendments are effective for annual periods beginning on or after January 1, 2017. Entities need not present comparative information when they first apply the amendments.
The Company expects the adoption of these amendments will have no significant impact on its consolidated financial statements.
Effective for periods beginning on or after January 1, 2018
IFRS 15 Revenue from Contracts with Customers was issued by the IASB in May 2014. The core principle of the new standard is for companies to recognize revenue to depict the transfer of goods or services to customers in amounts that reflect the consideration (that is, payment) to which the company expects to be entitled in exchange for those goods or services. The new standard will also result in enhanced disclosures about revenue, provide guidance for transactions that were not previously addressed comprehensively (for example, service revenue and contract modifications) and improve guidance for multiple-element arrangements. Earlier application is permitted. IFRS 15 supersedes the following standards: IAS 11 Construction Contracts, IAS 18 Revenue, IFRIC 13 Customer Loyalty Programmes, IFRIC 15 Agreements for the Construction of Real Estate, IFRIC 18 Transfers of Assets from Customers, and SIC-31 Revenue-Barter Transactions Involving Advertising Services.
IFRS 9 Financial Instruments was issued by the IASB in July 2014 and will replace IAS 39 Financial Instruments: Recognition and Measurement. IFRS 9 uses a single approach to determine whether a financial asset is measured at amortized cost or fair value, replacing the multiple rules in IAS 39. The approach in IFRS 9 is based on how an entity manages its financial instruments in the context of its business model and the contractual cash flow characteristics of the financial assets. Most of the requirements in IAS 39 for classification and measurement of financial liabilities were carried forward unchanged to IFRS 9. The new standard also requires a single impairment method to be used, replacing the multiple impairment methods in IAS 39. A new hedge accounting model is introduced and represents a substantial overhaul of hedge accounting which will allow entities to better reflect their risk management activities in the financial statements. The most significant improvements apply to those that hedge non-financial risk, and so these improvements are expected to be of particular interest to non-financial institutions. Earlier application is permitted.
The Company is currently evaluating the effect of adopting the above standards and the impact it may have on its consolidated financial statements.
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NETSHOES (CAYMAN) LIMITED
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
As of December 31, 2015 and 2016 and for the years ended December 31, 2014, 2015 and 2016
(In thousands of reais and dollars, unless otherwise stated)
Effective for periods beginning on or after January 1, 2019
IFRS 16, Leases replaces IAS 17, Leases and related interpretations. The core principle is that a lessee recognizes assets and liabilities for all leases with a lease term of more than 12 months. A lessee is required to recognize a right-of-use asset representing its right to use the underlying leased asset and a lease liability representing its obligation to make lease payments. Assets and liabilities arising from a lease are initially measured on a present value basis. The measurement includes non-cancellable lease payments (including inflation-linked payments), and also includes payments to be made in optional periods if the lessee is reasonably certain to exercise an option to extend the lease, or not to exercise an option to terminate the lease. The new standard is intended to provide a faithful representation of leasing transactions, in particular those that do not currently require the lessees to recognize an asset and liability arising from an operating lease. IFRS 16 is effective for annual periods beginning on January 1, 2019, with early adoption permitted for entities that would also apply IFRS 15, Revenue from Contracts with Customers.
The Company is currently evaluating the effect of adopting the above standard and the impact it may have on its consolidated financial statements.
3. | SEGMENT INFORMATION |
The Company uses the “management approach” to determine its reportable segments. The management approach identifies operating segments based on how the entity is organized and based on how financial information is presented to the chief operating decision maker (“CODM”). The Company concluded that the CODM is the Chief Executive Officer.
The Company is organized around geographical divisions and discloses the following reportable segments: Brazil and International.
• | Brazil: consists of retail sales of consumer products from all of our verticals (which includes sales of sporting goods and related garments as well as fashion and more recently, beauty goods) carried out through our sites Netshoes.com.br and Zattini.com.br and third-party sites that we manage as well as our business to business offline operation. |
• | International: consists of retail sales of consumer products (mainly sporting goods and related garments) from our sites Netshoes.com.ar and Netshoes.com.mx in Argentina and Mexico. |
The items not allocated directly to the reportable segments are disclosed as corporate and others. Corporate and others comprises operating expenses, financial income and financial expenses recorded in Netshoes (Cayman) Limited and Netshoes Holding, LLC.
The CODM receives individual financial information based on the nature of revenues and expenses incurred. There is no regular reporting of individual financial information for products, services, or major customers, and therefore the Company concluded that Brazil and International were each independent reportable segments.
The company has aggregated Mexico and Argentina geographic divisions into one reportable segment, International. Mexico and Argentina share similar characteristics as an operating segment, including, but not limited to the same degree of risk, same opportunities for growth and similar products and service offerings to local customers.
No information on segment assets or liabilities is relevant for decision-making. There are no inter segment transactions in the internal reporting structure.
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NETSHOES (CAYMAN) LIMITED
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
As of December 31, 2015 and 2016 and for the years ended December 31, 2014, 2015 and 2016
(In thousands of reais and dollars, unless otherwise stated)
The Company evaluates the performance of its reportable segments using “segment net income (loss)”. A reconciliation of reportable segments is as follows:
Brazil | International | Corporate and others | Total | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Years ended December 31, | Years ended December 31, | Years ended December 31, | Years ended December 31, | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
2014 | 2015 | 2016 | 2016 | 2014 | 2015 | 2016 | 2016 | 2014 | 2015 | 2016 | 2016 | 2014 | 2015 | 2016 | 2016 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
BRL | BRL | BRL | USD | BRL | BRL | BRL | USD | BRL | BRL | BRL | USD | BRL | BRL | BRL | USD | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Net sales | R$ | 1,015,612 | R$ | 1,304,853 | R$ | 1,554,405 | US$ | 476,943 | R$ | 110,183 | R$ | 200,833 | R$ | 185,135 | US$ | 56,806 | R$ | — | R$ | — | R$ | — | US$ | — | R$ | 1,125,795 | R$ | 1,505,686 | R$ | 1,739,540 | US$ | 533,749 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Cost of sales | (663,945 | ) | (858,062 | ) | (1,043,700 | ) | (320,242 | ) | (89,495 | ) | (152,439 | ) | (145,044 | ) | (44,504 | ) | — | — | — | — | (753,440 | ) | (1,010,501 | ) | (1,188,744 | ) | (364,746 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Segment gross profit | 351,667 | 446,791 | 510,705 | 156,701 | 20,688 | 48,394 | 40,091 | 12,302 | — | — | — | — | 372,355 | 495,185 | 550,796 | 169,003 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Salaries and employees’ benefits | (148,539 | ) | (169,572 | ) | (191,140 | ) | (58,648 | ) | (15,113 | ) | (27,154 | ) | (26,775 | ) | (8,214 | ) | (931 | ) | (1,265 | ) | (1,320 | ) | (405 | ) | (164,583 | ) | (197,991 | ) | (219,235 | ) | (67,267 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Marketing expenses | (129,585 | ) | (136,616 | ) | (152,759 | ) | (46,871 | ) | (25,658 | ) | (40,080 | ) | (28,038 | ) | (8,603 | ) | — | (47 | ) | (233 | ) | (71 | ) | (155,243 | ) | (176,743 | ) | (181,030 | ) | (55,545 | ) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Operating lease | (14,523 | ) | (15,395 | ) | (24,683 | ) | (7,573 | ) | (3,740 | ) | (6,147 | ) | (4,295 | ) | (1,318 | ) | — | — | — | — | (18,263 | ) | (21,542 | ) | (28,978 | ) | (8,891 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Credit card fees | (20,564 | ) | (26,391 | ) | (25,572 | ) | (7,846 | ) | (3,065 | ) | (6,460 | ) | (6,380 | ) | (1,958 | ) | — | — | — | — | (23,629 | ) | (32,851 | ) | (31,952 | ) | (9,804 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Information technology services | (25,416 | ) | (26,581 | ) | (29,473 | ) | (9,043 | ) | (1,162 | ) | (1,770 | ) | (1,560 | ) | (479 | ) | (4,976 | ) | (7,190 | ) | (6,244 | ) | (1,916 | ) | (31,554 | ) | (35,541 | ) | (37,277 | ) | (11,438 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Amortization and depreciation | (15,405 | ) | (18,470 | ) | (27,777 | ) | (8,523 | ) | (1,118 | ) | (1,520 | ) | (1,262 | ) | (387 | ) | — | (425 | ) | (2,163 | ) | (664 | ) | (16,523 | ) | (20,415 | ) | (31,202 | ) | (9,574 | ) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Consulting | (5,414 | ) | (6,783 | ) | (7,785 | ) | (2,389 | ) | (1,385 | ) | (1,824 | ) | (1,477 | ) | (453 | ) | (1,554 | ) | (1,136 | ) | (1,215 | ) | (373 | ) | (8,353 | ) | (9,743 | ) | (10,477 | ) | (3,215 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Allowance for doubtful accounts | (4,132 | ) | (5,833 | ) | (6,227 | ) | (1,911 | ) | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | (4,132 | ) | (5,833 | ) | (6,227 | ) | (1,911 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Sales commissions and royalties | (12,462 | ) | (13,164 | ) | (12,021 | ) | (3,688 | ) | (38 | ) | (75 | ) | (961 | ) | (295 | ) | — | — | — | — | (12,500 | ) | (13,239 | ) | (12,982 | ) | (3,983 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Facilities expenses | (9,804 | ) | (13,383 | ) | (14,020 | ) | (4,302 | ) | — | — | (1,410 | ) | (433 | ) | — | — | — | — | (9,804 | ) | (13,383 | ) | (15,430 | ) | (4,735 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Other selling, general and administrative expenses | (21,998 | ) | (21,207 | ) | (35,803 | ) | (10,986 | ) | (2,105 | ) | (5,425 | ) | (7,599 | ) | (2,332 | ) | (1,331 | ) | (1,829 | ) | (64 | ) | (20 | ) | (25,434 | ) | (28,461 | ) | (43,466 | ) | (13,338 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Other operating (expense) income, net | (4,670 | ) | (3,014 | ) | (5,146 | ) | (1,579 | ) | (54 | ) | (142 | ) | (104 | ) | (32 | ) | — | (347 | ) | (2 | ) | — | (4,724 | ) | (3,503 | ) | (5,252 | ) | (1,611 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Total operating expenses | (412,512 | ) | (456,409 | ) | (532,406 | ) | (163,359 | ) | (53,438 | ) | (90,597 | ) | (79,861 | ) | (24,504 | ) | (8,792 | ) | (12,239 | ) | (11,241 | ) | (3,449 | ) | (474,742 | ) | (559,245 | ) | (623,508 | ) | (191,312 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Financial income | 32,389 | 60,409 | 26,642 | 8,175 | 209 | 885 | 812 | 249 | — | — | 912 | 280 | 32,598 | 61,294 | 28,366 | 8,704 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Financial expenses | (67,065 | ) | (81,284 | ) | (93,178 | ) | (28,590 | ) | (7,382 | ) | (15,383 | ) | (14,371 | ) | (4,410 | ) | — | — | (1 | ) | — | (74,447 | ) | (96,667 | ) | (107,550 | ) | (33,000 | ) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Loss before income tax | (95,521 | ) | (30,493 | ) | (88,237 | ) | (27,073 | ) | (39,923 | ) | (56,701 | ) | (53,329 | ) | (16,363 | ) | (8,792 | ) | (12,239 | ) | (10,330 | ) | (3,169 | ) | (144,236 | ) | (99,433 | ) | (151,896 | ) | (46,605 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Income tax expense | — | — | — | — | (139 | ) | (80 | ) | — | — | — | — | — | — | (139 | ) | (80 | ) | — | — | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Segment net income (loss) | R$ | (95,521 | ) | R$ | (30,493 | ) | R$ | (88,237 | ) | US$ | (27,073 | ) | R$ | (40,062 | ) | R$ | (56,781 | ) | R$ | (53,329 | ) | US$ | (16,363 | ) | R$ | (8,792 | ) | R$ | (12,239 | ) | R$ | (10,330 | ) | US$ | (3,169 | ) | R$ | (144,375 | ) | R$ | (99,513 | ) | R$ | (151,896 | ) | US$ | (46,605 | ) | ||||||||||||||||
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|
|
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|
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F-27
Table of Contents
NETSHOES (CAYMAN) LIMITED
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
As of December 31, 2015 and 2016 and for the years ended December 31, 2014, 2015 and 2016
(In thousands of reais and dollars, unless otherwise stated)
The Company has aggregated its products and services into groups of similar products and provided the supplemental disclosure of net sales below. The Company evaluates whether additional disclosure is appropriate when a product or service category begins to approach a significant level of net sales.
Year ended December 31, | ||||||||||||||||
2014 | 2015 | 2016 | 2016 | |||||||||||||
BRL | BRL | BRL | USD | |||||||||||||
Sports(1) | R$ | 1,125,795 | R$ | 1,440,024 | R$ | 1,556,717 | US$ | 477,653 | ||||||||
Fashion(1) | — | 65,662 | 174,549 | 53,557 | ||||||||||||
Marketplace | — | — | 8,274 | 2,539 | ||||||||||||
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|
|
|
|
|
|
| |||||||||
Total net sales | R$ | 1,125,795 | R$ | 1,505,686 | R$ | 1,739,540 | US$ | 533,749 | ||||||||
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|
|
|
|
(1) | Freight services were allocated to the product revenues that they are related to. |
Net sales generated from our international segment are denominated in local functional currencies. Revenues are translated at average rates prevailing throughout the period.
Net sales attributable to geographical areas are as follows:
Year ended December 31, | ||||||||||||||||
2014 | 2015 | 2016 | 2016 | |||||||||||||
BRL | BRL | BRL | USD | |||||||||||||
Brazil | R$ | 1,015,612 | R$ | 1,304,853 | R$ | 1,554,405 | US$ | 476,943 | ||||||||
Argentina | 71,172 | 148,832 | 130,746 | 40,117 | ||||||||||||
Mexico | 39,011 | 52,001 | 54,389 | 16,689 | ||||||||||||
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|
|
|
|
|
|
| |||||||||
Total net sales | R$ | 1,125,795 | R$ | 1,505,686 | R$ | 1,739,540 | US$ | 533,749 | ||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Property and equipment and intangible assets by geography are as follows:
Year ended December, 31 | ||||||||||||
2015 | 2016 | 2016 | ||||||||||
BRL | BRL | USD | ||||||||||
Property and equipment, net | ||||||||||||
Brazil | R$ | 61,283 | R$ | 69,901 | US$ | 21,448 | ||||||
Argentina | 4,381 | 3,071 | 942 | |||||||||
Mexico | 2,018 | 1,230 | 378 | |||||||||
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|
|
|
|
| |||||||
Total property and equipment, net | 67,682 | 74,202 | 22,768 | |||||||||
Intangible assets, net | ||||||||||||
Brazil | 47,679 | 74,515 | 22,864 | |||||||||
Argentina | 47 | 32 | 10 | |||||||||
Mexico | 37 | 35 | 11 | |||||||||
Cayman | 4,896 | 13,011 | 3,991 | |||||||||
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|
|
|
|
| |||||||
Total intangible assets, net | 52,659 | 87,593 | 26,876 | |||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
| |||||||
Total | R$ | 120,341 | R$ | 161,795 | US$ | 49,644 | ||||||
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|
F-28
Table of Contents
NETSHOES (CAYMAN) LIMITED
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
As of December 31, 2015 and 2016 and for the years ended December 31, 2014, 2015 and 2016
(In thousands of reais and dollars, unless otherwise stated)
4. | Earnings (Loss) Per Share (“EPS”) |
The Company computes basic loss per share by dividing net loss attributable to the owners of the Parent by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding for the period. Diluted loss per share reflects the potential dilution of share options that could be exercised or converted into common shares, and is computed by dividing net loss attributable to the owner of the Parent by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding plus the potentially dilutive effect of share options.
The following table sets forth the computation of the Company’s basic and diluted loss per share attributable to the owners of the Parent for the years ended December 31, 2014, 2015 and 2016:
Year ended December 31, | ||||||||||||||||
2014 | 2015 | 2016 | 2016 | |||||||||||||
BRL | BRL | BRL | USD | |||||||||||||
Numerator | ||||||||||||||||
Net loss for the year attributable to the owners of the Parent | R$ | (143,966 | ) | R$ | (98,676 | ) | R$ | (151,074 | ) | US$ | (46,355 | ) | ||||
Denominator | ||||||||||||||||
Weighted average number of outstanding common shares | 6,361,281 | 7,061,772 | 7,145,192 | 7,145,192 | ||||||||||||
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|
|
|
|
|
| |||||||||
Loss per share attributable to the owners of the Parent:(1) | ||||||||||||||||
Basic and diluted | R$ | (22.63 | ) | R$ | (13.97 | ) | R$ | (21.14 | ) | US$ | (6.49 | ) |
(1) | When the Company reports net loss attributable to the owners of the Parent, the diluted loss per common share is equal to the basic losses per common share due to the anti-dilutive effect of the outstanding share options. |
5. | Net Sales |
Details of net sales for the years ended December 31, 2014, 2015 and 2016 were as follows:
Year ended December, 31 | ||||||||||||||||
2014 | 2015 | 2016 | 2016 | |||||||||||||
BRL | BRL | BRL | USD | |||||||||||||
Product sales | R$ | 1,108,479 | R$ | 1,479,825 | R$ | 1,700,532 | US$ | 521,780 | ||||||||
Other revenues | 17,316 | 25,861 | 39,008 | 11,969 | ||||||||||||
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|
|
|
|
| |||||||||
Net sales | R$ | 1,125,795 | R$ | 1,505,686 | R$ | 1,739,540 | US$ | 533,749 | ||||||||
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|
|
The Company has established distribution centers in the States of Pernambuco and Minas Gerais, where it has been granted tax incentives by local government which reduce the amount of sales taxes paid, effectively increasing the amount of revenue recognized.
As a result of such tax incentives, sales to purchasers outside of the State of Pernambuco originated from our distribution center located in the city of Recife (State of Pernambuco, Brazil) , enjoy Pernambuco State ICMS tax rates of 2.0% during 2015 and a range from 0.5% to 1.0% during 2016, depending on the type of product offered.
F-29
Table of Contents
NETSHOES (CAYMAN) LIMITED
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
As of December 31, 2015 and 2016 and for the years ended December 31, 2014, 2015 and 2016
(In thousands of reais and dollars, unless otherwise stated)
Also, sales to purchasers outside of the State of Minas Gerais originated from our distribution center located in the city of Extrema (State of Minas Gerais, Brazil) enjoy a Minas Gerais State ICMS tax rate of 2.0% during 2015 and 1.0% during 2016.
The incentive also determines that the Company is not allowed to take any credit for taxes paid on the purchase of products subsequently sold outside of those states such that these amounts become non-recoverable taxes and increase the Cost of Sales. Note 7 (a) of these financial statements present the impact on cost of sales.
For the year ended December 31, 2014, 2015 and 2016, the total amounts of tax incentives recorded in net sales are as follows:
Year ended December, 31 | ||||||||||||||||
2014 | 2015 | 2016 | 2016 | |||||||||||||
BRL | BRL | BRL | USD | |||||||||||||
State of Pernambuco | R$ | 95,250 | R$ | 124,556 | R$ | 95,151 | US$ | 29,195 | ||||||||
State of Minas Gerais | — | 40,589 | 121,520 | 37,286 | ||||||||||||
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|
| |||||||||
Tax incentives - Net sales | R$ | 95,250 | R$ | 165,145 | R$ | 216,671 | US$ | 66,481 | ||||||||
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|
|
6. | Deferred Revenue |
On October 30, 2015, the Company entered into a partnership agreement with a financial institution to create a co-branded credit card (“NCard”). Deferred revenue recorded represents the amount paid in advance by the financial institution for the exclusive use of the Company’s customer database and credit card activation.
Year ended December, 31 | ||||||||||||
2015 | 2016 | 2016 | ||||||||||
BRL | BRL | USD | ||||||||||
Deferred revenue from exclusive use of customer database | R$ | 14,750 | R$ | 13,250 | US$ | 4,065 | ||||||
Deferred revenue from credit card activion | 20,000 | 19,625 | 6,022 | |||||||||
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|
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|
|
| |||||||
Total | R$ | 34,750 | R$ | 32,875 | US$ | 10,087 | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|
| |||||||
Current | 5,555 | 6,628 | 2,034 | |||||||||
Non-current | 29,195 | 26,247 | 8,053 |
Deferred revenue from exclusive use of the Company’s customer database is recognized as other operating (expense) income, net in the consolidated statements of profit or loss using the straight line method, over the period of the contract (10 years).
Deferred revenue from credit card activation is recognized as other revenues within net sales, in the consolidated statements of profit or loss, when the credit cards are activated with the bank by the Company’s customers. In the year end December 31, 2016 R$375 (US$115) have been recorded in other revenues related to credit card activations.
In the event the bank decides to terminate the contract early, the Company will be entitled to the remaining amount of deferred revenue related to the customer database proportionally to the remaining period of the contract while credit cards activation deferred revenue balances will be reimbursed to the bank proportionally to credit cards not activated with interest.
F-30
Table of Contents
NETSHOES (CAYMAN) LIMITED
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
As of December 31, 2015 and 2016 and for the years ended December 31, 2014, 2015 and 2016
(In thousands of reais and dollars, unless otherwise stated)
In the event the Company decides to terminate the contract early, the amounts related to the customer database will be reimbursed to the bank proportionally to the remaining period of the contract and the amounts related to credit card activation will be reimbursed to the bank proportionally to credit cards not activated, both including interest. In addition, a penalty will be paid to the bank as follows:
Penalty | ||||||||
Termination year | BRL | USD | ||||||
2017 | 8,100 | 2,485 | ||||||
2018 | 7,200 | 2,209 | ||||||
2019 | 6,300 | 1,933 | ||||||
2020 | 5,400 | 1,657 | ||||||
2021 | 4,500 | 1,381 | ||||||
2022 | 3,600 | 1,105 | ||||||
2023 | 2,700 | 828 | ||||||
2024 | 1,800 | 552 | ||||||
2025 | 900 | 276 |
Additionally, the bank and the Company will share the profit and loss of this partnership, equally. In case of losses in the partnership, the amount attributable to the Company will be compensated with future profits. Losses in the partnership will only be absorbed by the Company in case of early termination of the contract, therefore the revenue will be recorded when the right to receive payment is established by the amount net of losses.
7. | Expenses |
(a) Costs of Sales
The following is the breakdown of cost of sales for the years ended December 31, 2014, 2015 and 2016, respectively:
Year ended December 31, | ||||||||||||||||
2014 | 2015 | 2016 | 2016 | |||||||||||||
BRL | BRL | BRL | USD | |||||||||||||
Cost of product sales | R$ | 651,482 | R$ | 873,068 | R$ | 1,040,768 | US$ | 319,342 | ||||||||
Shipping costs | 94,829 | 129,903 | 140,415 | 43,084 | ||||||||||||
Others | 7,129 | 7,530 | 7,561 | 2,320 | ||||||||||||
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|
|
|
|
|
|
| |||||||||
Total cost of sales | R$ | 753,440 | R$ | 1,010,501 | R$ | 1,188,744 | US$ | 364,746 | ||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Cost of product sales include the non-recoverable ICMS taxes resulting from the tax incentives disclosed in note 5 granted by the States of Minas Gerais and Pernambuco. For the year ended December 31, 2014, 2015 and 2016, the total amounts of non-recoverable ICMS are as follows:
Year ended December, 31 | ||||||||||||||||
2014 | 2015 | 2016 | 2016 | |||||||||||||
BRL | BRL | BRL | USD | |||||||||||||
State of Pernambuco | R$ | 22,545 | R$ | 31,356 | R$ | 30,507 | US$ | 9,361 | ||||||||
State of Minas Gerais | — | 16,287 | 52,463 | 16,097 | ||||||||||||
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|
|
|
|
| |||||||||
Non-recoverable ICMS | R$ | 22,545 | R$ | 47,643 | R$ | 82,970 | US$ | 25,458 | ||||||||
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F-31
Table of Contents
NETSHOES (CAYMAN) LIMITED
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
As of December 31, 2015 and 2016 and for the years ended December 31, 2014, 2015 and 2016
(In thousands of reais and dollars, unless otherwise stated)
The impact of tax incentives net of non-recoverable ICMS for the year ended December 31, 2014, 2015 and 2016 is R$72,705, R$117,502 and R$133,701 (US$41,024), respectively.
(b) Selling and Marketing Expenses
The following is the breakdown of selling and marketing expenses for the years ended December 31, 2014, 2015 and 2016, respectively:
Years ended December 31, | ||||||||||||||||
2014 | 2015 | 2016 | 2016 | |||||||||||||
BRL | BRL | BRL | USD | |||||||||||||
Salaries and employees’ benefits | R$ | 85,852 | R$ | 118,545 | R$ | 133,819 | US$ | 41,059 | ||||||||
Marketing expenses | 155,243 | 176,743 | 181,030 | 55,545 | ||||||||||||
Operating lease | 11,847 | 13,621 | 20,299 | 6,228 | ||||||||||||
Credit card fees | 23,629 | 32,851 | 31,952 | 9,804 | ||||||||||||
Information technology services | 3,044 | 2,615 | 1,896 | 582 | ||||||||||||
Amortization and depreciation | 2,094 | 2,396 | 7,624 | 2,340 | ||||||||||||
Allowance for doubtful accounts | 4,132 | 5,833 | 6,227 | 1,911 | ||||||||||||
Sales commissions and royalties | 12,500 | 13,239 | 12,982 | 3,983 | ||||||||||||
Facilities expenses | 7,706 | 10,619 | 12,117 | 3,718 | ||||||||||||
Other | 16,596 | 22,052 | 35,746 | 10,969 | ||||||||||||
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|
|
|
|
|
|
| |||||||||
Total selling and marketing expenses | R$ | 322,643 | R$ | 398,514 | R$ | 443,692 | US$ | 136,139 | ||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(c) General and Administrative Expenses
The following is the breakdown of general and administrative expenses for the years ended December 31, 2014, 2015 and 2016, respectively:
Years ended December 31, | ||||||||||||||||
2014 | 2015 | 2016 | 2016 | |||||||||||||
BRL | BRL | BRL | USD | |||||||||||||
Salaries and employees’ benefits | R$ | 78,731 | R$ | 79,446 | R$ | 85,416 | US$ | 26,208 | ||||||||
Operating lease | 6,416 | 7,921 | 8,679 | 2,663 | ||||||||||||
Information technology services | 28,510 | 32,926 | 35,381 | 10,856 | ||||||||||||
Amortization and depreciation | 14,429 | 18,019 | 23,578 | 7,234 | ||||||||||||
Consulting | 8,353 | 9,743 | 10,477 | 3,215 | ||||||||||||
Facilities expenses | 2,098 | 2,764 | 3,313 | 1,017 | ||||||||||||
Other | 8,838 | 6,409 | 7,720 | 2,369 | ||||||||||||
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|
|
|
|
|
|
| |||||||||
Total general and administrative expenses | R$ | 147,375 | R$ | 157,228 | R$ | 174,564 | US$ | 53,562 | ||||||||
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F-32
Table of Contents
NETSHOES (CAYMAN) LIMITED
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
As of December 31, 2015 and 2016 and for the years ended December 31, 2014, 2015 and 2016
(In thousands of reais and dollars, unless otherwise stated)
(d) Financial Income (Expenses)
The following is the breakdown of financial income and expenses of the Company for the years ended December 31, 2014, 2015 and 2016, respectively:
Year ended December 31, | ||||||||||||||||
2014 | 2015 | 2016 | 2016 | |||||||||||||
BRL | BRL | BRL | USD | |||||||||||||
Financial income | ||||||||||||||||
Interest income | R$ | 17,701 | R$ | 35,132 | R$ | 19,675 | US$ | 6,038 | ||||||||
Imputed interest on installment sales | 14,776 | 16,508 | 5,705 | 1,750 | ||||||||||||
Foreign exchange gains | — | — | 2,090 | 641 | ||||||||||||
Derivative financial instruments gain | — | 8,934 | — | — | ||||||||||||
Other | 121 | 720 | 896 | 275 | ||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |||||||||
Total financial income | R$ | 32,598 | R$ | 61,294 | R$ | 28,366 | US$ | 8,704 | ||||||||
|
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|
|
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|
|
|
Year ended December 31, | ||||||||||||||||
2014 | 2015 | 2016 | 2016 | |||||||||||||
BRL | BRL | BRL | USD | |||||||||||||
Financial expense | ||||||||||||||||
Interest expenses | R$ | 47,313 | R$ | 58,473 | R$ | 67,018 | US$ | 20,563 | ||||||||
Imputed interest on credit purchases | 12,479 | 24,438 | 32,653 | 10,019 | ||||||||||||
Bank charges | 10,890 | 7,537 | 3,005 | 922 | ||||||||||||
Derivative financial instruments loss | 2,308 | — | 1,238 | 380 | ||||||||||||
Foreign exchange loss | 10 | 3,509 | — | — | ||||||||||||
Debt issuance costs | 440 | 1,213 | 2,532 | 777 | ||||||||||||
Other | 1,007 | 1,497 | 1,104 | 339 | ||||||||||||
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|
|
|
|
|
|
| |||||||||
Total financial expenses | R$ | 74,447 | R$ | 96,667 | R$ | 107,550 | US$ | 33,000 | ||||||||
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|
|
|
8. | Cash and Cash Equivalents |
Year ended December 31, | ||||||||||||
2015 | 2016 | 2016 | ||||||||||
BRL | BRL | USD | ||||||||||
Cash and bank balances | R$ | 7,812 | R$ | 6,769 | US$ | 2,077 | ||||||
Cash equivalents | 241,252 | 104,535 | 32,075 | |||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
| |||||||
Total cash and cash equivalents | R$ | 249,064 | R$ | 111,304 | US$ | 34,152 | ||||||
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|
|
Cash equivalents are investments in Bank Deposit Certificates (“CDB”), issued by Brazilian financial institutions, with original maturities of 90 days or less that accrue at an average interest rate of 99,58% of CDI (Interbank Deposit Certificate rate).
F-33
Table of Contents
NETSHOES (CAYMAN) LIMITED
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
As of December 31, 2015 and 2016 and for the years ended December 31, 2014, 2015 and 2016
(In thousands of reais and dollars, unless otherwise stated)
9. | Trade Accounts Receivable, Net |
Year ended December, 31 | ||||||||||||
2015 | 2016 | 2016 | ||||||||||
BRL | BRL | USD | ||||||||||
Trade accounts receivable | R$ | 286,712 | R$ | 215,716 | US$ | 66,188 | ||||||
Allowance for doubtful accounts | (555 | ) | (1,722 | ) | (528 | ) | ||||||
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|
|
| |||||||
Total trade accounts receivable | R$ | 286,157 | R$ | 213,994 | US$ | 65,660 | ||||||
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|
|
|
|
The changes in the allowance for doubtful trade accounts receivable for the years ended December 31, 2014, 2015 and 2016 are as follows:
Year ended December, 31 | ||||||||||||||||
2014 | 2015 | 2016 | 2016 | |||||||||||||
BRL | BRL | BRL | USD | |||||||||||||
Balance at January 1 | R$ | (4,843 | ) | R$ | (1,385 | ) | R$ | (555 | ) | US$ | (170 | ) | ||||
Additions | (4,132 | ) | (5,833 | ) | (6,227 | ) | (1,911 | ) | ||||||||
Write-offs | 7,590 | 6,663 | 5,060 | 1,553 | ||||||||||||
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|
|
|
|
|
|
| |||||||||
Balance at December 31 | R$ | (1,385 | ) | R$ | (555 | ) | R$ | (1,722 | ) | US$ | (528 | ) | ||||
|
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|
|
|
|
|
|
Information about the Company’s exposure to credit and other market risks is included in Note 18.
10. | Inventories, Net |
Years ended December 31, | ||||||||||||
2015 | 2016 | 2016 | ||||||||||
BRL | BRL | USD | ||||||||||
Finished goods for resale | R$ | 298,686 | R$ | 356,529 | US$ | 109,395 | ||||||
Allowance for slow moving and others | (3,925 | ) | (4,518 | ) | (1,386 | ) | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|
| |||||||
Total Inventories, net | R$ | 294,761 | R$ | 352,011 | US$ | 108,009 | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
During the years December 31, 2014, 2015 and 2016, inventories of R$651,482, R$873,068 and R$1,040,768 (US$319,342) were sold and recognized as cost of sales in the consolidated statements of profit or loss, respectively.
In addition, due to obsolescence, damaged and slow moving items, the Company recognized impairment losses on the related inventories to their net realizable value, which resulted in a loss of R$245, R$216 and R$593 (US$182) during the years ended December 31, 2014, 2015 and 2016, respectively, and which was included in cost of sales in the consolidated statements of profit or loss.
F-34
Table of Contents
NETSHOES (CAYMAN) LIMITED
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
As of December 31, 2015 and 2016 and for the years ended December 31, 2014, 2015 and 2016
(In thousands of reais and dollars, unless otherwise stated)
11. | Recoverable Taxes |
Year ended December 31, | ||||||||||||
2015 | 2016 | 2016 | ||||||||||
BRL | BRL | USD | ||||||||||
VAT Taxes Brazil (ICMS) | R$ | 11,645 | R$ | 63,574 | US$ | 19,507 | ||||||
VAT Taxes International | 28,529 | 17,222 | 5,284 | |||||||||
Taxes other than income tax (PIS and COFINS) | 2,703 | 12,148 | 3,727 | |||||||||
Withholding income taxes | 7,449 | 2,739 | 840 | |||||||||
Other | 1,389 | 3,824 | 1,174 | |||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
| |||||||
R$ | 51,715 | R$ | 99,507 | US$ | 30,532 | |||||||
|
|
|
|
|
| |||||||
Current | 51,715 | 66,329 | 20,352 | |||||||||
Non-Current | — | 33,178 | 10,180 |
12. | Property and Equipment, Net |
(a) Breakdown
Year ended in December 31, 2015 | ||||||||||||
Gross | Depreciation | Net | ||||||||||
BRL | BRL | BRL | ||||||||||
Leasehold improvements | R$ | 41,158 | R$ | (7,695 | ) | R$ | 33,463 | |||||
Machinery and equipment | 18,833 | (5,237 | ) | 13,596 | ||||||||
Hardware | 20,923 | (10,664 | ) | 10,259 | ||||||||
Facilities | 7,669 | (1,737 | ) | 5,932 | ||||||||
Furniture and fixture | 4,332 | (1,337 | ) | 2,995 | ||||||||
Vehicles | 323 | (173 | ) | 150 | ||||||||
Construction in progress | 1,287 | — | 1,287 | |||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
| |||||||
Total property and equipment, net | R$ | 94,525 | R$ | (26,843 | ) | R$ | 67,682 | |||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
Year ended in December 31, 2016 | ||||||||||||||||
Gross | Depreciation | Net | Net | |||||||||||||
BRL | BRL | BRL | USD | |||||||||||||
Leasehold improvements | R$ | 51,270 | R$ | (16,517 | ) | R$ | 34,753 | US$ | 10,663 | |||||||
Machinery and equipment | 20,918 | (7,119 | ) | 13,799 | 4,234 | |||||||||||
Hardware | 27,815 | (13,869 | ) | 13,946 | 4,279 | |||||||||||
Facilities | 6,694 | (1,920 | ) | 4,774 | 1,465 | |||||||||||
Furniture and fixture | 4,915 | (1,633 | ) | 3,282 | 1,007 | |||||||||||
Vehicles | 328 | (65 | ) | 263 | 81 | |||||||||||
Construction in progress | 3,385 | — | 3,385 | 1,039 | ||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |||||||||
Total property and equipment, net | R$ | 115,325 | R$ | (41,123 | ) | R$ | 74,202 | US$ | 22,768 | |||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
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F-35
Table of Contents
NETSHOES (CAYMAN) LIMITED
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
As of December 31, 2015 and 2016 and for the years ended December 31, 2014, 2015 and 2016
(In thousands of reais and dollars, unless otherwise stated)
(b) Movement for the period
Leasehold improvements | Machinery and equipment | Hardware | Facilities | Furniture and fixture | Vehicles | Construction in progress | Total | Total | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
BRL | BRL | BRL | BRL | BRL | BRL | BRL | BRL | USD | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
As of | R$ | 28,968 | R$ | 8,388 | R$ | 8,422 | R$ | 3,759 | R$ | 2,744 | R$ | 196 | R$ | 3,770 | R$ | 56,247 | ||||||||||||||||||||
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Additions | 927 | 249 | 2,720 | 843 | 507 | 25 | 43 | 5,314 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Disposals | — | (65 | ) | (37 | ) | — | (83 | ) | (72 | ) | — | (257 | ) | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Depreciation for the period | (2,058 | ) | (1,334 | ) | (2,869 | ) | (384 | ) | (397 | ) | (82 | ) | — | (7,124 | ) | |||||||||||||||||||||
Tranfers | 633 | 3,226 | 429 | 5 | 17 | — | (3,786 | ) | 524 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Net exchange differences arising from translation adjustments | 62 | (52 | ) | (1 | ) | (12 | ) | 51 | (10 | ) | — | 38 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
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As of | 28,532 | 10,412 | 8,664 | 4,211 | 2,839 | 57 | 27 | 54,742 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Additions | 2,131 | 4,525 | 4,536 | 1,963 | 530 | 129 | 7,902 | 21,716 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Disposals | (519 | ) | (113 | ) | (117 | ) | (4 | ) | (76 | ) | (3 | ) | — | (832 | ) | |||||||||||||||||||||
Depreciation for the period | (2,258 | ) | (1,521 | ) | (3,482 | ) | (569 | ) | (495 | ) | (33 | ) | — | (8,358 | ) | |||||||||||||||||||||
Tranfers | 5,583 | 291 | 559 | 272 | 174 | — | (6,642 | ) | 237 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Net exchange differences arising from translation adjustments | (6 | ) | 2 | 99 | 59 | 23 | — | — | 177 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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As of | 33,463 | 13,596 | 10,259 | 5,932 | 2,995 | 150 | 1,287 | 67,682 | US$ | 20,767 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Additions | 10,903 | 2,569 | 7,403 | 758 | 1,218 | 157 | 3,384 | 26,392 | 8,098 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Disposals | (180 | ) | (76 | ) | (220 | ) | (39 | ) | (194 | ) | (1 | ) | — | (710 | ) | (218 | ) | |||||||||||||||||||
Depreciation for the period | (9,833 | ) | (2,012 | ) | (4,054 | ) | (725 | ) | (629 | ) | (36 | ) | — | (17,289 | ) | (5,305 | ) | |||||||||||||||||||
Tranfers | 602 | — | 673 | — | 11 | — | (1,286 | ) | — | — | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Net exchange differences arising from translation adjustments | (202 | ) | (278 | ) | (115 | ) | (1,152 | ) | (119 | ) | (7 | ) | — | (1,873 | ) | (574 | ) | |||||||||||||||||||
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As of | R$ | 34,753 | R$ | 13,799 | R$ | 13,946 | R$ | 4,774 | R$ | 3,282 | R$ | 263 | R$ | 3,385 | R$ | 74,202 | US$ | 22,768 | ||||||||||||||||||
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F-36
Table of Contents
NETSHOES (CAYMAN) LIMITED
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
As of December 31, 2015 and 2016 and for the years ended December 31, 2014, 2015 and 2016
(In thousands of reais and dollars, unless otherwise stated)
At December 31, 2014, 2015 and 2016, properties with a carrying amount of R$6,328, R$5,518 and R$5,007 (US$1,536), respectively were granted as collateral under certain loan and financing arrangements.
As of December 31, 2016, additions to construction in progress relates to the Shoestock’s store in São Paulo.
13. | Intangible assets, Net |
(a)Breakdown
Year ended in December 31, 2015 | ||||||||||||
Gross | Amortization | Net | ||||||||||
BRL | BRL | BRL | ||||||||||
Software purchased | R$ | 40,845 | R$ | (22,626 | ) | R$ | 18,219 | |||||
Software developed | 39,458 | (12,664 | ) | 26,794 | ||||||||
Intangible assets under development | 7,087 | - | 7,087 | |||||||||
Other | 559 | - | 559 | |||||||||
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Total intangible assets, net | R$ | 87,949 | R$ | (35,290 | ) | R$ | 52,659 | |||||
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Year ended in December 31, 2016 | ||||||||||||||||
Gross | Amortization | Net | Net | |||||||||||||
BRL | BRL | BRL | USD | |||||||||||||
Software purchased | R$ | 42,837 | R$ | (28,366 | ) | R$ | 14,471 | US$ | 4,440 | |||||||
Software developed | 59,185 | (20,625 | ) | 38,560 | 11,831 | |||||||||||
Intangible assets under development | 20,002 | - | 20,002 | 6,137 | ||||||||||||
Trademark | 14,001 | 14,001 | 4,296 | |||||||||||||
Other | 559 | - | 559 | 172 | ||||||||||||
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Total intangible assets, net | R$ | 136,584 | R$ | (48,991 | ) | R$ | 87,593 | US$ | 26,876 | |||||||
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F-37
Table of Contents
NETSHOES (CAYMAN) LIMITED
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
As of December 31, 2015 and 2016 and for the years ended December 31, 2014, 2015 and 2016
(In thousands of reais and dollars, unless otherwise stated)
(b)Movement for the period
Software purchased | Software developed | Intangible assets under development | Trademark | Other | Total | Total | ||||||||||||||||||||||
BRL | BRL | BRL | BRL | BRL | BRL | USD | ||||||||||||||||||||||
As of January 1, 2014 | R$ | 20,161 | R$ | 11,969 | R$ | 4,092 | R$ | — | R$ | 357 | R$ | 36,579 | ||||||||||||||||
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Additions | 441 | 6,730 | 9,107 | — | — | 16,278 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Disposals | 72 | — | (1,984 | ) | — | — | (1,912 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||
Amortization for the period | (7,711 | ) | (2,204 | ) | — | — | — | (9,915 | ) | |||||||||||||||||||
Tranfers | 1,922 | — | (2,446 | ) | — | — | (524 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||
Net exchange differences arising from translation adjustments | (1 | ) | — | 5 | — | 4 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
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As of December 31, 2014 | 14,884 | 16,495 | 8,774 | — | 357 | 40,510 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
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Additions | 8,404 | 5,413 | 11,320 | — | — | 25,137 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Disposals | (91 | ) | — | — | — | — | (91 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||
Amortization for the period | (10,554 | ) | (2,181 | ) | — | — | — | (12,735 | ) | |||||||||||||||||||
Tranfers | 5,568 | 7,001 | (13,008 | ) | — | 202 | (237 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||
Net exchange differences arising from translation adjustments | 8 | 66 | 1 | — | — | 75 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
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As of December 31, 2015 | 18,219 | 26,794 | 7,087 | — | 559 | 52,659 | US$ | 16,157 | ||||||||||||||||||||
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Additions | 1,738 | 15,722 | 18,760 | 14,001 | — | 50,221 | 15,409 | |||||||||||||||||||||
Disposals | — | (187 | ) | — | — | — | (187 | ) | (57 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||
Amortization for the period | (5,777 | ) | (8,134 | ) | — | — | — | (13,911 | ) | (4,268 | ) | |||||||||||||||||
Tranfers | 316 | 5,529 | (5,845 | ) | — | — | — | — | ||||||||||||||||||||
Net exchange differences arising from translation adjustments | (25 | ) | (1,164 | ) | — | — | — | (1,189 | ) | (365 | ) | |||||||||||||||||
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As of December 31, 2016 | R$ | 14,471 | R$ | 38,560 | R$ | 20,002 | R$ | 14,001 | R$ | 559 | R$ | 87,593 | US$ | 26,876 | ||||||||||||||
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The amortization cost of intangible assets is recognized in the consolidated statements of profit or loss and allocated into selling expenses and general and administrative expenses based on the nature and use of intangible assets.
On February 19, 2016, the Company signed a definitive agreement for the acquisition of the Shoestock brand (“Shoestock”). In accordance with this agreement, all the rights for economic use of all trademarks and domains of Shoestock were granted to the Company. The total consideration for the acquisition of this brand was R$14,001 (US$4,296).
F-38
Table of Contents
NETSHOES (CAYMAN) LIMITED
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
As of December 31, 2015 and 2016 and for the years ended December 31, 2014, 2015 and 2016
(In thousands of reais and dollars, unless otherwise stated)
14. | Trade Accounts Payable |
2015 | 2016 | 2016 | ||||||||||
BRL | BRL | USD | ||||||||||
Trade accounts payable - Denominated in local currency | R$ | 238,451 | R$ | 315,072 | US$ | 96,674 | ||||||
Trade accounts payable - Denominated in other currencies | 18,897 | 20,358 | 6,247 | |||||||||
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Total trade accounts payable | R$ | 257,348 | R$ | 335,430 | US$ | 102,921 | ||||||
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Information about the Company’s exposure to currency and liquidity risks is included in Note 18.
15. | Accrued Expenses |
Years ended December 31, | ||||||||||||
2015 | 2016 | 2016 | ||||||||||
BRL | BRL | USD | ||||||||||
Selling and marketing services | R$ | 46,754 | R$ | 67,090 | US$ | 20,585 | ||||||
Freight | 25,571 | 24,774 | 7,601 | |||||||||
Gift Card | 3,303 | 8,272 | 2,538 | |||||||||
Information technology | 9,994 | 7,301 | 2,240 | |||||||||
Acquisition of fixed assets and intangible | 1,869 | 4,677 | 1,435 | |||||||||
Rental | 1,125 | 3,031 | 930 | |||||||||
Employee benefits | 1,720 | 834 | 256 | |||||||||
Other | 4,738 | 6,069 | 1,863 | |||||||||
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Total accrued expenses | R$ | 95,074 | R$ | 122,048 | US$ | 37,448 | ||||||
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16. | Debt |
The carrying value of the Company’s outstanding debt consists of the following:
Year ended December 31, | ||||||||||||
2015 | 2016 | 2016 | ||||||||||
BRL | BRL | USD | ||||||||||
Secured borrowings | R$ | 178,229 | R$ | 255,471 | US$ | 78,387 | ||||||
Nonconvertible notes - Debentures | 150,275 | 122,284 | 37,521 | |||||||||
Bank loans | 5,489 | 5,161 | 1,584 | |||||||||
Transfer of financial assets with recourse | — | 4,466 | 1,370 | |||||||||
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Total long-term debt | 333,993 | 387,382 | 118,862 | |||||||||
Current portion of long-term debt | 102,557 | 75,956 | 23,306 | |||||||||
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Long-term debt, net of current portion | R$ | 231,436 | R$ | 311,426 | US$ | 95,556 | ||||||
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F-39
Table of Contents
NETSHOES (CAYMAN) LIMITED
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
As of December 31, 2015 and 2016 and for the years ended December 31, 2014, 2015 and 2016
(In thousands of reais and dollars, unless otherwise stated)
The terms and conditions for loans and borrowings as of December 31, 2015 and 2016 are as follows:
At December 31, 2015 | At December 31, 2016 | At December 31, 2016 | ||||||||||||||||||
Currency | Nominal interest rate p.a. | Years of maturity | Carrying amount | Carrying amount | Carrying amount | |||||||||||||||
BRL | BRL | USD | ||||||||||||||||||
Secured borrowing - FINAME/BNDES | R$ | 8.7% | 2016 | 88 | — | — | ||||||||||||||
Secured borrowing - FINAME/BNDES | R$ | 5.5% | 2018 | 811 | 506 | 155 | ||||||||||||||
Secured borrowing - FINAME/BNDES | R$ | 3.0% | 2018 | 1,511 | 926 | 284 | ||||||||||||||
Nonconvertible notes - Debentures | R$ | 100% of CDI + 3.2% | 2020 | 150,275 | 122,284 | 37,521 | ||||||||||||||
Secured borrowing - Working capital (1) | R$ | 120% of CDI | 2018 | 175,819 | — | — | ||||||||||||||
Secured borrowing - Working capital (1) | R$ | 138.5% of CDI | 2020 | — | 130,001 | 39,889 | ||||||||||||||
Secured borrowing - Working capital | R$ | 100% of CDI + 4.74% | 2020 | — | 64,819 | 19,889 | ||||||||||||||
Secured borrowing - Working capital | R$ | 100% of CDI + 3.65% | 2020 | — | 59,219 | 18,170 | ||||||||||||||
Transfer of financial assets with recourse | R$ | 129.5% of CDI | 2017 | — | 4,466 | 1,370 | ||||||||||||||
Bank Loan | MXN | TIIE + 2.0% | 2016 | 2,373 | — | — | ||||||||||||||
Bank Loan | MXN | TIIE + 1.6% | 2017 | 3,116 | 5,161 | 1,584 |
CDI:Interbank Deposit Certificate rate.
TIIE:Interbank Equilibrium Interest Rate
FINAME/BNDES: Special Agency for Industrial Financing/National Bank of Economic and Social Development
(1) | In August 2016, the Company’s subsidiary, NS2, renegotiated a secured borrowing facility agreement with Banco do Brasil S.A. for an aggregate principal amount of R$200.0 million (US$61.4 million). After renegotiation, the maturity changed from August 2018 to August 2020, and the interest rate increased from 120.0% to 138.5% of the CDI rate. The Company determined that the terms have not been substantially modified due to an early prepayment clause included in the both contracts. |
The Company’s subsidiary NS2 entered into secured borrowing and bank loan arrangements for working capital and acquisition of property and equipment. Additionally, the subsidiary NS2 issued nonconvertible debentures to settle previous debt and for working capital purposes. The secured borrowings and debentures are secured by the fiduciary assignment of the trade accounts receivable originated by credit card sales with a carrying amount of R$110,302 and R$117,365 (US$36,011) on December 31, 2015 and 2016, respectively. Certain items of property and equipment were given as collateral for FINAME/BNDES loans, with the carrying amount of R$5,518 and R$5,007 (US$1,536) at December 31, 2015 and 2016, respectively.
F-40
Table of Contents
NETSHOES (CAYMAN) LIMITED
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
As of December 31, 2015 and 2016 and for the years ended December 31, 2014, 2015 and 2016
(In thousands of reais and dollars, unless otherwise stated)
As a consequence of obtaining secured borrowings for working capital purposes, NS2 assumed the covenant of maintaining the ratio between financial debt and accounts receivable from credit card operators lower or equal to 3 (three).
For the nonconvertible debentures issuance, NS2 assumed contractual commitments that may accelerate the maturity of obligations in their entirety if the following situations occur, mainly related to: i) non-payment by the issuer, on maturity date, of the contracted obligations to debenture holders; ii) non-compliance by the Company, while there are outstanding debentures, with the ratio of financial indebtedness and accounts receivable from credit cards lower or equal to 3 (three) to be calculated semi-annually based on the financial statements.
The Company was in compliance as of December 31, 2016, with all financial covenants described above.
In October 2016, the Company’s subsidiary NS2 transferred financial assets of off-line operations to a financial institution that do not qualify for derecognition in the total amount of R$4,466 (US$1,370).
The weighted average interest rate for the Company’s debt was 13.22%, 16.42% and 17.99% for the years ended December 31, 2014, 2015 and 2016, respectively.
17. | Derivative Financial Instruments |
a) Derivatives not designated as hedge accounting
The Company recognized a derivative loss of R$2,308 as financial expense, a derivative gain of R$8,934 as financial income and a derivative loss of R$1,238 (US$380) as financial expense, in the consolidated statements of profit or loss in the year ended December 31, 2014, 2015 and 2016, respectively. The objective of these derivatives was to manage foreign exchange risks.
b) Derivatives designated as hedge accounting
The Company utilizes non-deliverables forwards as the hedging instruments for cash flow hedges which had a fair value of R$186 (US$57) recorded as a liability as of December 31, 2016. The cash flows associated with cash flow hedges, as well as the impacts in the statements of profit or loss, are related to foreign currency risks and are expected to occur in the next 12 months or less from December 31, 2016. The ineffective portion of cash flow hedges recorded in statements of profit or loss as of December 31, 2015 and 2016 was R$981 and R$670 (US$207).
F-41
Table of Contents
NETSHOES (CAYMAN) LIMITED
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
As of December 31, 2015 and 2016 and for the years ended December 31, 2014, 2015 and 2016
(In thousands of reais and dollars, unless otherwise stated)
18. | Financial Instruments - Fair Value and Risk Management |
(a) Accounting classifications and fair values
The following table shows the carrying amounts and fair values of financial assets and financial liabilities, including their levels in the fair value hierarchy. It does not include fair value information for financial assets and financial liabilities not measured at fair value if the carrying amount is a reasonable approximation of fair value.
As at December 31, 2015 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Carrying amount | Fair value | |||||||||||||||||||||
Note | Fair value | Loans and receivables | Other financial liabilities | Total | Level 2 | |||||||||||||||||
BRL | BRL | BRL | BRL | BRL | ||||||||||||||||||
Financial assets or liabilities, measured at fair value | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Forward exchange contracts used for hedging | 17 | R$ | (247 | ) | — | — | (247 | ) | R$ (247) | |||||||||||||
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Total | R$ | (247 | ) | — | — | (247 | ) | R$ (247) | ||||||||||||||
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As at December 31, 2015 | ||||||||||||||||||||
Carrying amount |
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Note | Fair value | Loans and receivables | Other financial liabilities | Total | ||||||||||||||||
BRL | BRL | BRL | BRL | |||||||||||||||||
Financial assets or liabilities, not measured at fair value | ||||||||||||||||||||
Cash and cash equivalents | 8 | R$ | — | 249,064 | — | 249,064 | ||||||||||||||
Restricted cash, current and non current portion | 2.14 | — | 44,902 | — | 44,902 | |||||||||||||||
Trade accounts receivable | 9 | — | 286,157 | — | 286,157 | |||||||||||||||
Due from related parties | 23 | 27 | — | 27 | ||||||||||||||||
Judicial deposits | 24b | 31,877 | 31,877 | |||||||||||||||||
Trade accounts payable | 14 | — | — | (257,348 | ) | (257,348 | ) | |||||||||||||
Reverse factoring | 2.24 | — | — | (19,763 | ) | (19,763 | ) | |||||||||||||
Long-term debt | 16 | — | — | (333,993 | ) | (333,993 | ) | |||||||||||||
Accrued expenses | 15 | — | — | (95,074 | ) | (95,074 | ) | |||||||||||||
Other current liabilities | — | — | (35,073 | ) | (35,073 | ) | ||||||||||||||
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Total | R$ | — | 612,027 | (741,251 | ) | (129,224 | ) | |||||||||||||
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F-42
Table of Contents
NETSHOES (CAYMAN) LIMITED
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
As of December 31, 2015 and 2016 and for the years ended December 31, 2014, 2015 and 2016
(In thousands of reais and dollars, unless otherwise stated)
As at December 31, 2016 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Carrying amount | Fair value | Fair value | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Note | Fair value | Loans and receivables | Other financial liabilities | Total | Level 2 | Level 2 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
BRL | BRL | BRL | BRL | BRL | USD | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Financial assets or liabilities, measured at fair value | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Forward exchange contracts used for hedging | 17 | R$ | (186 | ) | — | — | (186 | ) | R$ | (186 | ) | US$ | (57 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||
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Total | R$ | (186 | ) | — | — | (186 | ) | R$ | (186 | ) | US$ | (57 | ) | |||||||||||||||||||||||
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As at December 31, 2016 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Carrying amount | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Note | Fair value | Loans and receivables | Other financial liabilities | Total | Total | |||||||||||||||||||||||
BRL | BRL | BRL | BRL | USD | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Financial assets or liabilities, not measured atfair value | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Cash and cash equivalents | 8 | R$ | — | 111,304 | — | 111,304 | US$ | 34,152 | ||||||||||||||||||||
Restricted cash, current and non current portion | 2.14 | — | 43,200 | — | 43,200 | 13,255 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Trade accounts receivable | 9 | — | 213,994 | — | 213,994 | 65,660 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Due from related parties | 23 | — | 17 | — | 17 | 5 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Judicial deposits | 24b | — | 71,817 | — | 71,817 | 22,036 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Other assets | — | 950 | — | 950 | 291 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Trade accounts payable | 14 | — | — | (335,430 | ) | (335,430 | ) | (102,921 | ) | |||||||||||||||||||
Reverse factoring | 2.24 | (27,867 | ) | (27,867 | ) | (8,551 | ) | |||||||||||||||||||||
Long-term debt | 16 | — | — | (387,382 | ) | (387,382 | ) | (118,862 | ) | |||||||||||||||||||
Accrued expenses | 15 | — | — | (122,048 | ) | (122,048 | ) | (37,448 | ) | |||||||||||||||||||
Other current liabilities | — | — | (33,331 | ) | (33,331 | ) | (10,227 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||
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Total | R$ | — | 441,282 | (906,058 | ) | (464,776 | ) | US$ | (142,610 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||
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(b) Measurement of fair values
Derivative financial instruments mainly consist of foreign currency forward exchange contracts and foreign currency swaps. The fair value of these derivative financial instruments are measured by using market observable inputs such as the foreign exchange spot and forward rates and discount rates. As of December 31, 2015 and 2016, the changes in counterparty credit risk had no material effect on the hedge effectiveness assessment for derivatives designated in hedge relationships and other financial instruments recognized at fair value.
The Company’s financial instruments, including cash and cash equivalents, trade accounts receivable, other receivables, trade accounts payable and other payables, are carried at cost, which approximates fair value due to the short-term maturity of these instruments. The estimated fair value of debentures is based on the current rates offered to the Company for debentures of the same remaining maturities, which is categorized as a Level 2
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NETSHOES (CAYMAN) LIMITED
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
As of December 31, 2015 and 2016 and for the years ended December 31, 2014, 2015 and 2016
(In thousands of reais and dollars, unless otherwise stated)
measurement in the fair value hierarchy. As a substantial portion of the debentures has been contracted at floating rates of interest, which are reset at short intervals, the carrying value of the debentures at December 31, 2015 and 2016 closely approximated the fair value at December 31, 2015 and 2016, respectively.
During the year ended December 31, 2015 and 2016, there were no transfers between Level 1 and Level 2 fair value measurements or transfer to Level 3.
(c) Financial risk management
The Company has exposure to the following risks arising from financial instruments:
• | risk management framework (see (i)); |
• | credit risk (see (ii)); |
• | liquidity risk (see (iii)); and |
• | market risk (see (iv)). |
i. Risk management framework
In the regular course of its business, the Company is exposed to market risks mainly related to the fluctuation of interest rates, exchange rate variation, credit risk on credit sales and liquidity risk.
The Company adopts certain instruments to minimize its exposure to such risks, based on monitoring, under the supervision of the Company’s executive officers, which in turn is under the oversight of the Company’s board of directors.
ii. Credit risk
Credit risk is the Company’s risk of financial loss if a customer or counterparty to a financial instrument fails to meet its contractual obligations. This risk principally comes from the outstanding receivables due by customers, derivatives and cash and cash equivalents.
Trade Accounts Receivable
The Company’s exposure to credit risk is influenced mainly by the individual characteristics of each customer. The Company regularly monitors trade accounts receivable and considers the risk of not collecting from customers as limited because of the intrinsic nature of the payments methods the Company has adopted to receive from customers. Customers typically pay with credit cards or bank direct deposits. No customer had balances representing more than 10% of the Company´s consolidated trade accounts receivable as of December 31, 2015 and 2016, respectively.
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Table of Contents
NETSHOES (CAYMAN) LIMITED
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
As of December 31, 2015 and 2016 and for the years ended December 31, 2014, 2015 and 2016
(In thousands of reais and dollars, unless otherwise stated)
At December 31, 2015 and 2016, respectively, the maximum exposure to credit risk for trade accounts receivable by type of counterparty was as follows:
December 31, | ||||||||||||
2015 | 2016 | 2016 | ||||||||||
BRL | BRL | USD | ||||||||||
Credit card operations | R$ | 272,651 | R$ | 162,915 | US$ | 49,987 | ||||||
B2B customers | 14,061 | 52,801 | 16,201 | |||||||||
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Total trade acounts receivable | R$ | 286,712 | R$ | 215,716 | US$ | 66,188 | ||||||
Allowance for doubtful accounts | (555 | ) | (1,722 | ) | (528 | ) | ||||||
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Trade accounts receivable, net | R$ | 286,157 | R$ | 213,994 | US$ | 65,660 | ||||||
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At December 31, 2015 and 2016, respectively, the aging of trade accounts receivable was as follows:
December 31, | ||||||||||||
2015 | 2016 | 2016 | ||||||||||
BRL | BRL | USD | ||||||||||
Neither past due nor impaired | R$ | 281,324 | R$ | 197,631 | US$ | 60,640 | ||||||
Past due 1-30 days | 746 | 9,497 | 2,914 | |||||||||
Past due 31-90 days | 2,679 | 3,455 | 1,060 | |||||||||
Past due 91-120 days | 500 | 1,314 | 403 | |||||||||
Past due 120-180 days | 908 | 2,097 | 643 | |||||||||
Past due over 180 days | 555 | 1,722 | 528 | |||||||||
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286,712 | 215,716 | 66,188 | ||||||||||
Allowance for doubtful accounts | (555 | ) | (1,722 | ) | (528 | ) | ||||||
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Trade accounts receivable, net | R$ | 286,157 | R$ | 213,994 | US$ | 65,660 | ||||||
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Management believes that unimpaired amounts are collectible, based on historical payment behavior and extensive analysis of customer credit risk, including underlying customers’ credit ratings if they are available.
Cash and cash equivalents
The Company held cash and cash equivalents of R$249,064 and R$111,304 (US$34,152) at December 31, 2015 and 2016, respectively. Cash and cash equivalents are held with bank and financial institution counterparties, which are rated BB and BB-, based on Standard & Poor’s credit rating standards.
Derivatives
The derivatives are entered into with bank and financial institution counterparties, which are rated BB, based on Standard & Poor’s credit rating standards.
iii. Liquidity risk
Liquidity risk is the risk that the Company will encounter difficulty in meeting the obligations associated with its financial liabilities that are settled by delivering cash or another financial asset. The Company’s approach to
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Table of Contents
NETSHOES (CAYMAN) LIMITED
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
As of December 31, 2015 and 2016 and for the years ended December 31, 2014, 2015 and 2016
(In thousands of reais and dollars, unless otherwise stated)
managing liquidity is to ensure, as far as possible, that it will have sufficient liquidity to meet its liabilities when they are due, under both normal and stressed conditions, without incurring unacceptable losses or risking damage to the Company’s reputation.
The following are the remaining contractual maturities of financial liabilities as of December 31, 2016. The amounts are gross and undiscounted and include contractual interest payments. Estimated interest payments were calculated based on the interest rate indexes of the Company’s floating interest rate indebtedness, in effect as of December 31, 2016.
As of December 31, 2016 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Carrying | Carrying | |||||||||||||||||||||||
amount | amount | Contractual cash flows | ||||||||||||||||||||||
More than 5 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| Within 1 year | 1-3 years | 3-5 years | years | |||||||||||||||||||
BRL | USD | BRL | BRL | BRL | BRL | |||||||||||||||||||
Financial liabilities: | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Loans and financing | R$ | 387,382 | US$ | 118,862 | R$ | 134,358 | R$ | 380,544 | R$ | — | R$ | — | ||||||||||||
Derivative financial instruments | 186 | 57 | 218 | — | — | — | ||||||||||||||||||
Trade accounts payable | 335,430 | 102,921 | 348,830 | — | — | — | ||||||||||||||||||
Reverse factoring | 27,867 | 8,551 | 28,980 | — | — | — | ||||||||||||||||||
Tax and contribution payable | 15,249 | 4,679 | 15,249 | — | — | — | ||||||||||||||||||
Accrued expenses | 122,048 | 37,448 | 122,048 | — | — | — | ||||||||||||||||||
Other current liabilities | 33,331 | 10,227 | 33,331 | — | — | — | ||||||||||||||||||
Provision for labor, civil and tax risks | 5,177 | 1,588 | — | — | — | 5,177 | ||||||||||||||||||
Other non-current liabilities | 13 | 4 | — | — | — | 13 | ||||||||||||||||||
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R$ | 926,683 | US$ | 284,337 | R$ | 683,014 | R$ | 380,544 | R$ | — | R$ | 5,190 | |||||||||||||
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As disclosed in Note 16, the Company has a secured bank loan that contains financial covenants. A breach of financial covenants may require the Company to repay relevant loans earlier than indicated in the above table.
The following are the Company’s unrestricted cash and cash equivalents and unused portion of the credit facility at December 31, 2015 and 2016:
December 31, | ||||||||||||
2015 | 2016 | 2016 | ||||||||||
BRL | BRL | USD | ||||||||||
Unrestricted cash and cash equivalents | R$ | 249,064 | R$ | 111,304 | US$ | 34,152 | ||||||
Undrawn credit facility | 50 | 290 | 89 | |||||||||
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Available liquidity | R$ | 249,114 | R$ | 111,594 | US$ | 34,241 | ||||||
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In recent years, the Company has financed its operations in large part with cash flows from operating activities, bank financing and cash proceeds from issuances of common shares. The Company has taken a number of measures designed to improve liquidity, including: (i) reducing the number of monthly credit card installments from customers, (ii) renegotiating payment terms with suppliers, (iii) entering into sales of receivables with financial institutions, whereby the Company transfers its rights to receive cash flows from a portion of trade
F-46
Table of Contents
NETSHOES (CAYMAN) LIMITED
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
As of December 31, 2015 and 2016 and for the years ended December 31, 2014, 2015 and 2016
(In thousands of reais and dollars, unless otherwise stated)
accounts receivable, limited to the amount given as securities for borrowing and debentures, (iv) entering into reverse factoring of trade accounts payable with financial institutions, whereby they commit to pay suppliers at an accelerated rate in exchange for a trade discount, (v) aggregate drawdowns of R$126.7 million from working capital facility agreements executed in the second semester of 2016 with Banco do Brasil S.A. and Banco Bradesco S.A, and (vi) the extension in the second semester of 2016 of the maturity of the Company’s working capital agreement with Banco do Brasil S.A. to August 2020. These measures are enabling the Company to secure liquidity to maintain its operations.
iv. Market risk
(a) Foreign Currency Exchange Risk
The Company’s net sales are denominated in the functional currencies of the countries in which our operational subsidiaries are located. Accordingly, its receivables are generally not subject to foreign currency exchange risks.
In the ordinary course of business, the Company’s subsidiaries purchase goods from vendors in both local functional currency and foreign currencies (mainly U.S. dollars). Generally, when the Company purchases goods in foreign currencies, except as noted below, the subsidiaries enter into foreign currency forward exchange contracts in order to hedge their exposure to purchase commitments denominated in those currencies.
However, when the subsidiary in Argentina purchases certain goods from vendors in currencies other than its local functional currency, it does not enter into foreign currency forward exchange contracts and, consequently these purchase commitments are not hedged. As a result, the Company is exposed to foreign currency exchange risk to the extent there is fluctuation between the currencies in which these purchase commitments are made and the local functional currency in Argentina.
The summary of quantitative data about the Company’s exposure to currency risk as reported to management of the Company as of December 31, 2016 is as follows:
2016 | ||||
USD | ||||
Trade accounts payable | 7,577 | |||
Forward exchange contracts | (1,527 | ) | ||
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Net statement of financial position exposure | 6,050 | |||
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The following table indicates the instantaneous change in the Company’s income or (loss) before tax that would arise if foreign exchange rates to which the Company has exposure at the reporting date had changed by 10% at that date, assuming all other risk variables remained constant.
Profit or loss | ||||||||||||||||
Strenghtening | Weakening | |||||||||||||||
At December 31, 2016 | BRL | BRL | ||||||||||||||
Net exposure in USD | R$ | (1,972 | ) | R$ | 1,972 |
This sensitivity analysis assumes that the change in foreign exchange rates had been applied to re-measure those financial instruments held by the Company which expose it to foreign currency exchange risk at the reporting date. This analysis excludes differences that would result from the translation of the consolidated financial
F-47
Table of Contents
NETSHOES (CAYMAN) LIMITED
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
As of December 31, 2015 and 2016 and for the years ended December 31, 2014, 2015 and 2016
(In thousands of reais and dollars, unless otherwise stated)
statements of foreign operations into the Company’s reporting currency, which is Brazilian Real. The sensitivity analysis above is conducted for monetary assets and liabilities denominated in foreign currencies other than functional currency as of December 31, 2016.
(b) Interest Rate Risk
Interest rates are highly sensitive to many factors, including fiscal and monetary policies and domestic and international economic and political considerations, as well as other factors beyond the Company’s control. Interest rate risk is the exposure to loss resulting from changes in the level of interest rates and the spread between different interest rates. The Company’s debt has floating interest rates. As a result, the Company is exposed to changes in the level of interest rates and to changes in the relationship or spread between interest rates for its floating rate debt. The Company’s floating rate debt requires payments based on variable interest rate indexes such as CDI. Therefore, increases in interest rates may increase the Company’s loss before taxes by increasing its financial expense. If interest rates were to increase or decrease by 50 basis points, the Company´s financial expense on borrowings subject to variable interest rates would increase or decrease by R$1.9 million, R$1.8 million and R$1.5 (US$0.5) million for the years ended December 31, 2014, 2015 and 2016, respectively. This analysis assumes that all other variables, in particular foreign currency exchange rate, remain constant.
To reduce the exposure of variable interest rate (CDI), the Company invests its excess cash and cash equivalents in short-term investments. If interest rates were to increase or decrease by 50 basis points, the Company’s financial income on short-term investments subject to variable interest rates would increase or decrease by R$0.8 million, R$0.9 million and R$0.5 million (US$0.2 million) for the years ended December 31, 2014, 2015 and 2016, respectively.
(c) Inflation Risk
Brazil and countries in Latin America, in general, have historically experienced high rates of inflation. Inflationary pressures persist, and actions taken in an effort to curb inflation, coupled with public speculation about possible future governmental actions, have in the past contributed to economic uncertainty in Brazil and other Latin American countries and heightened volatility in the Latin American securities market.
The Company does not believe that inflation has had a material effect in its business, financial condition or results of operations. The Company continues to monitor the impact of inflation in order to minimize its effects through pricing strategies and productivity improvements.
19. | Income Taxes |
Income tax expenses have been allocated as follows:
Year ended December 31, | ||||||||||||||||
2014 | 2015 | 2016 | 2016 | |||||||||||||
BRL | BRL | BRL | USD | |||||||||||||
Current income tax | R$ | (139 | ) | R$ | (80 | ) | R$ | — | US$ | — | ||||||
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Operations | (139 | ) | (80 | ) | — | — | ||||||||||
Income tax on gain recognized in OCI - Hedge accounting | — | (447 | ) | — | — | |||||||||||
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Income tax expense recognized in statements of other comprehensive income (loss) | R$ | (139 | ) | R$ | (527 | ) | R$ | — | US$ | — | ||||||
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F-48
Table of Contents
NETSHOES (CAYMAN) LIMITED
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
As of December 31, 2015 and 2016 and for the years ended December 31, 2014, 2015 and 2016
(In thousands of reais and dollars, unless otherwise stated)
A reconciliation of income tax expense at the statutory rate to the Company’s actual income tax expense at December 31, 2014, 2015 and 2016, is shown below:
Years ended December 31, | ||||||||||||||||
2014 | 2015 | 2016 | 2016 | |||||||||||||
BRL | BRL | BRL | USD | |||||||||||||
Loss before income tax | R$ | (144,236 | ) | R$ | (99,433 | ) | R$ | (151,896 | ) | US$ | (46,605 | ) | ||||
Tax rate(1) | 30.89% | 28.18% | 31.46% | 31.46% | ||||||||||||
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44,547 | 28,020 | 47,786 | 14,662 | |||||||||||||
Increase (decrease) resulting from: | ||||||||||||||||
Non-deductible expenses | (143 | ) | (779 | ) | (881 | ) | (270 | ) | ||||||||
Unrecognized deferred tax benefits | (44,689 | ) | (26,726 | ) | (46,542 | ) | (14,281 | ) | ||||||||
Other | 146 | (595 | ) | (363 | ) | (111 | ) | |||||||||
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(139 | ) | (80 | ) | — | — | |||||||||||
Effective rate | 0.10% | 0.08% | 0.00% | 0.00% | ||||||||||||
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Income tax expense | R$ | (139 | ) | R$ | (80 | ) | R$ | — | US$ | — | ||||||
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(1) | Weighted average tax rate of the Company and its subsidiaries. |
The Company believes that its accruals for tax liabilities are adequate based on its assessment of many factors, including interpretations of tax law and prior experience.
Unrecognized deferred income tax assets
The Company and its subsidiaries have experienced tax losses since inception and therefore they have not recognized deferred income tax assets in respect of the following items to the extent there is no taxable temporary difference that will reverse in the same period that deductible temporary differences reverse.
Deferred income tax assets may be recognized/increased in the near term when the Company starts to experience future sustainable taxable income during the carryforward period and it is probable that these tax benefits will be realized.
Year ended December 31, | ||||||||||||
2015 | 2016 | 2016 | ||||||||||
BRL | BRL | USD | ||||||||||
Deductible temporary differences | R$ | 39,717 | R$ | 54,305 | US$ | 16,663 | ||||||
Income tax loss carryforward | 148,180 | 169,765 | 52,091 | |||||||||
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Total unrecognized deferred income tax assets | R$ | 187,897 | R$ | 224,070 | US$ | 68,754 | ||||||
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F-49
Table of Contents
NETSHOES (CAYMAN) LIMITED
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
As of December 31, 2015 and 2016 and for the years ended December 31, 2014, 2015 and 2016
(In thousands of reais and dollars, unless otherwise stated)
Brazilian unrecognized income tax carryforward losses amounting to R$120,561 (US$36,992) at December 31, 2016 do not expire, however they can only offset up to 30 percent of a taxpayer’s taxable income in any given year.
Tax loss carryforwards for Argentina and Mexico expire as follows:
December, 31 | ||||||||
2016 | 2016 | |||||||
Expiry date | BRL | USD | ||||||
2017 | R$ | 3,984 | US$ | 1,222 | ||||
2018 | 6,147 | 1,886 | ||||||
2019 | 10,177 | 3,123 | ||||||
2020 | 12,535 | 3,846 | ||||||
2021 | 16,361 | 5,020 | ||||||
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R$ | 49,204 | US$ | 15,097 | |||||
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20. | Shareholders’ Equity |
(a) Common Shares
On March 16, 2015, the general meeting of shareholders of the Company approved the issuance of 333,678 fully paid common shares at the individual value of R$437.26 (US$134.17), respectively. At December 31, 2015 and 2016, the Company had 7,147,994 and 7,145,192 of common shares, respectively, with a par value of US$0.01 issued and outstanding, respectively. All common shares rank equally with regard to the Company’s residual assets. Holders of these shares are entitled to dividends and to one vote per share at general meetings of the Company. The Company has not declared a dividend for the years ended December 31, 2014, 2015 and 2016.
In connection with the issuance on March 16, 2015, the Company entered into a policy agreement with the IFC investor on March 20, 2016, which governs certain additional rights granted to IFC on its capacity as our shareholder, including with respect to the right to inspect and to receive information from the Company, and certain other specific covenants imposed on us. In this agreement, the Company has agreed to comply with certain affirmative and negative covenants including, among others, reporting covenants as to (i) certain financial and corporate matters and (ii) its compliance with social and environmental guidelines set forth in the IFC Policy Agreement.
Additionally, the Company has granted to IFC investor an option, or the Repurchase Option, whereby we are obligated to repurchase 100% of the equity interest in the Company otherwise held by the investor from time to time if the Company fails to comply with certain conditions set forth therein. The Repurchase Option may be exercised, through delivery of a notice, within 120 days of the investor becoming aware of the occurrence of (1) our failure to comply with certain covenants listed above after the lapse of a 60-day cure period or (2) breach of certain representations (such as those related to environmental and safety laws, sanctionable practices, among others). As all events leading to the exercise of the repurchase option are within the Company’s control, the common shares of the Company granted to IFC qualify for equity accounting treatment.
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Table of Contents
NETSHOES (CAYMAN) LIMITED
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
As of December 31, 2015 and 2016 and for the years ended December 31, 2014, 2015 and 2016
(In thousands of reais and dollars, unless otherwise stated)
The Company was in compliance as of December 31, 2016, with all financial covenants described above.
(b) Treasury Shares
All rights attached to the Company’s common shares held by the Company (i.e. treasury shares) are suspended until those shares are reissued. During 2015 and 2016, the Company’s board of directors approved the repurchase of 5,257 and 7,320 of its own common shares, respectively.
A summary of treasury shares activities during the years ended December 31, 2015 and 2016 is set forth in the following table:
N°. Shares | Share Capital | |||||||||||||||||||
BRL | USD | |||||||||||||||||||
Balance at January 1, 2014 | 3,207 | R$ | 166 | |||||||||||||||||
Repurchased | 6,867 | 381 | ||||||||||||||||||
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Balance at December 31, 2014 | 10,074 | 547 | ||||||||||||||||||
Repurchased | 5,257 | 378 | ||||||||||||||||||
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Balance at December 31, 2015 | 15,331 | 925 | US$ | 283 | ||||||||||||||||
Repurchased | 7,320 | 608 | 187 | |||||||||||||||||
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Balance at December 31, 2016 | 22,651 | R$ | 1,533 | US$ | 470 | |||||||||||||||
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21. | Share-based Payments |
Under the Share Plan (the “Plan”) established by the Company, its Board of Directors (the “Board”) may grant up to 210,490 share options to key employees, directors and independent contractors. The options under the Plan were granted at the discretion of the Board; as such, the Board has full authority to establish terms and conditions of any award consistent with the provisions of the Plan and to waive any such terms and conditions at any time. The Plan was set up for the following purposes: (i) attracting, retaining and motivating its beneficiaries; (ii) adding value to quote-holders; and (iii) encouraging the view of entrepreneurs of the business.
(a) Cash-settled arrangements
Each share option granted under the Plan contains a vesting period, during which the participant cannot exercise the option, and are generally subject to the following vesting schedule: over a four-year period, 25% of the total common shares subject to the award will vest at the first anniversary of the vesting commencement date and the remaining common shares subject to the award will vest in equal monthly installments over the 36 months of continuous service thereafter.
The Company holds a right of first refusal to repurchase the shares exercised according to the Plan. The Company only has a right of first refusal until it becomes public and, after that date, holders of the common shares can trade them in the market.
In addition, the Company has a non-contractual practice of (i) providing its employees whose employment relationship was terminated (whether voluntarily or involuntarily) with a repurchase proposal to buy back its common shares held by such persons at a discount of their fair value and (ii) to provide holders of vested awards that terminate their relationship with the Company (whether voluntarily or involuntarily) with a bonus equivalent to the exercise price of their exercisable option.
F-51
Table of Contents
NETSHOES (CAYMAN) LIMITED
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
As of December 31, 2015 and 2016 and for the years ended December 31, 2014, 2015 and 2016
(In thousands of reais and dollars, unless otherwise stated)
Due to the characteristics of the transaction, these awards have been regarded as a cash-settled plan and the liability is remeasured at each reporting date. The liability recognized in these consolidated financial statements takes into account the fair value of Company´s shares, expected forfeitures and the discount the Company has obtained when repurchasing such shares.
The Company recognized cash-settled compensation expense (income) of R$13,500, (R$3,444) and R$930 (US$285) for the years ended December 31, 2014, 2015 and 2016, respectively. The total liability recorded as of December 31, 2015 and 2016 were R$35,978 and R$30,139 (US$9,248), respectively.
As the Company is required by local legislation to issue shares upon the exercise of share options while it retains the cash-settled classification for reporting purposes, the Company is recording a capital share increase by the exercise price amount with an opposite impact in treasury shares and therefore a net impact of zero in equity. For purposes of the statement of cash flows, share based payment transactions are fully reported under operating activities.
The Company repurchased 16,291 and 3,074 shares during the years 2015 and 2016, respectively. The amount paid during the years 2015 and 2016 was R$5,711 and R$562 (US$172), respectively.
A summary of option activities under the Plan and changes during the year ended December 31, 2015 and 2016 is set forth in the following table:
Cash-settled arrangements | Number of Units | Weighted Average Exercise Price Per Unit | Weighted Average Remaining Contractual Term (in years) | |||||||||
USD | ||||||||||||
Outstanding at January 1, 2015 | 127,887 | 78.51 | 1.7 year | |||||||||
Granted | 4,000 | 24.30 | ||||||||||
Exercised | (2,802 | ) | 24.30 | |||||||||
Forfeited/cancelled | (34,307 | ) | 127.09 | |||||||||
Expired | (3,729 | ) | 118.79 | |||||||||
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Outstanding at December 31, 2015 | 91,049 | 57.85 | 1.1 year | |||||||||
Granted | 36,750 | 24.30 | ||||||||||
Exercised | (6,674 | ) | 24.30 | |||||||||
Forfeited/cancelled | (2,881 | ) | 24.30 | |||||||||
Expired | (645 | ) | 24.30 | |||||||||
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Outstanding at December 31, 2016 | 117,599 | US$ | 50.27 | 1.3 year | ||||||||
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Vested at December 31, 2015 | 67,249 | |||||||||||
Vested at December 31, 2016 | 76,167 |
The awards expires three months after the employee terminates his/her contract with the Company.
As of December 31, 2016, the Company had remaining unrecognized compensation cost of R$13,711 (US$4,199), which is expected to be recognized over a weighted average period of 1.3 year.
F-52
Table of Contents
NETSHOES (CAYMAN) LIMITED
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
As of December 31, 2015 and 2016 and for the years ended December 31, 2014, 2015 and 2016
(In thousands of reais and dollars, unless otherwise stated)
(b) Equity-settled arrangements
On November 14, 2016, the Company granted 7,750 share options under the Plan with a non-market performance condition (Initial Public Offering - IPO) combined with a requirement that the holder of the award is employed until six months after the IPO.
The Company expects that this non-market performance will be satisfied during the second quarter of 2017, therefore the share option expense has been recognized since the grant date, and is estimated to be fully recognized by the end of 2017. The Company will review this expectation on quarterly basis and the effect of any change will be accounted for over the revised estimated period. The Company only has a right of first refusal under the Plan until it becomes public and, after that date, holders of the common shares can trade them in the market. Therefore, this arrangement has been regarded as equity-settled.
As the Company expects to continue with its non-contractual practice of providing holders of vested awards with a bonus equivalent to the exercise price of the options, the fair value of the awards was estimated based on the fair value of the Company´s shares.
A summary of option activities under the Plan and changes during the year ended December 31, 2015 and 2016 is set forth in the following table:
Equity-settled arrangements | Number of Units | Weighted Average Exercise Price Per Unit | Weighted Average Remaining Contractual Term (in years) | |||||||||
USD | ||||||||||||
Outstanding at December 31, 2015 | — | — | ||||||||||
Granted | 7,750 | 24.30 | ||||||||||
Exercised | — | — | ||||||||||
Forfeited/cancelled | — | — | ||||||||||
Expired | — | — | ||||||||||
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Outstanding at December 31, 2016 | 7,750 | US$ | 24.30 | 0.8 year | ||||||||
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The awards expires three months after the employee terminates his/her contract with the Company.
As of December 31, 2016, the Company had remaining unrecognized compensation cost of R$1,927 (US$599), which is expected to be recognized over a weighted average period of 0.8 year.
The fair value of the shares was estimated, for both cash and equity-settled arrangements, at US$134.86 and US$121.37 per share at December 31, 2015 and 2016, respectively. The December 31, 2015 price per share was based on a private placement that occurred on March 26, 2015, and the December 31, 2016 price per share was based on the guideline public comparable company method, or GPCM prepared by the Company.
GPCM assumes that businesses operating in the same industry will share similar characteristics and that the subject business’s value correlates to those characteristics. Therefore, a comparison of the subject business to similar businesses whose financial information and public market value are available may provide a reasonable basis to estimate the subject business’s value. GPCM provides an estimate of value using multiples derived from the total capitalization of publicly traded companies. In selecting guideline public companies for this analysis, the Company focused primarily on quantitative considerations, such as financial performance and other quantifiable
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NETSHOES (CAYMAN) LIMITED
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
As of December 31, 2015 and 2016 and for the years ended December 31, 2014, 2015 and 2016
(In thousands of reais and dollars, unless otherwise stated)
data, as well as qualitative considerations, such as industry and economic drivers. The assumptions the Company use in its valuation model are based on future expectation combined with management judgment, with inputs of numerous subjective factors to determine the fair value of its common shares, including the following inputs: (1) discount rate of 20%; (2) inflation rate of 4.5%; (3) dividend yield of 0%; and (4) estimated EBITDA long-term growth of 17.0%.
22. | Defined Contribution Plan |
Since May 2012, NS2.com Internet Ltda., a wholly-owned subsidiary of the Parent, offers to all of its employees, after their 6th month of employment, a supplementary retirement plan, aimed at assisting in supplementing retirement. It is a defined contribution plan and the contributions made by the sponsor are made on an individual basis (the contributions of sponsor are equal to the contributions made by the participant) from 1% to 6% of participant’s monthly salary, according to hierarchical level. Should the participant end the employment relationship with the Company, the balance formed by the contributions of the sponsor not used for the payment of benefits, will form a fund with an outstanding balance that may be used to compensate futures sponsor’s contributions. The plan is managed by Santander bank.
At December 31, 2014, 2015 and 2016, the Company had outstanding funds of R$28, R$354 and R$504 (US$155), respectively. For the years ended December 31, 2014, 2015 and 2016, the Company made contributions of R$330, R$350 and R$331 (US$102), respectively. As of December 31, 2014, 2015 and 2016, the number of participants in the plan corresponded to 65, 51 and 53 employees, respectively.
23. | Related party transactions |
The consolidated subsidiaries of the Company as of December 31, 2015 and 2016 are listed in Note 2.4.
All related party transactions were carried out on terms equivalent to those that prevail in an arm’s length transaction. The Company has the following related party transactions:
At December 31, | ||||||||||||||||
2014 | 2015 | 2016 | 2016 | |||||||||||||
BRL | BRL | BRL | USD | |||||||||||||
Balances from non-controlling owners | ||||||||||||||||
Receivables | 11 | R$ | 27 | R$ | 17 | US$ | 5 | |||||||||
Personnel expenses | ||||||||||||||||
Compensation and short-term benefits | 11,845 | 9,203 | 9,535 | 2,926 | ||||||||||||
Share-based payments | 4,631 | 5,665 | 677 | 208 | ||||||||||||
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16,476 | R$ | 14,868 | R$ | 10,212 | US$ | 3,134 | ||||||||||
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24. | Commitments and Contingencies |
(a) Litigation
The Company is a party to legal proceedings and claims which arise during the ordinary course of business. It reviews its legal proceedings and claims, conducts regulatory reviews and inspections, and reviews other legal matters on an ongoing basis and follows appropriate accounting guidance when making accrual and disclosure
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NETSHOES (CAYMAN) LIMITED
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
As of December 31, 2015 and 2016 and for the years ended December 31, 2014, 2015 and 2016
(In thousands of reais and dollars, unless otherwise stated)
decisions. The Company establishes provisions for those contingencies when the incurrence of a loss is probable and can be reasonably estimated, and the Company discloses the amount provided for and the amount of a reasonably possible loss in excess of the amount provided for, if such disclosure is necessary for its financial statements not to be misleading. The Company does not record a provision when the likelihood of loss being incurred is probable, but the amount cannot be reasonably estimated, or when the loss is believed to be only reasonably possible or remote. The Company’s assessment of whether a loss is reasonably possible or probable is based on its assessment and consultation with legal counsel regarding the ultimate outcome of the matter following all appeals. After taking into consideration legal counsel’s evaluation of such actions, management is of the opinion that their outcome will not have a significant effect on the Company’s consolidated financial statements, other than the amount already provided for.
Breakdown of and changes in provisions whose unfavorable outcome is probable are as follows:
Labor | Civil | Tax | Total | Total | ||||||||||||||||
BRL | BRL | BRL | BRL | USD | ||||||||||||||||
As of December 31, 2014 | R$ | 815 | R$ | 972 | R$ | — | R$ | 1,787 | US$ | 548 | ||||||||||
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Additions | 744 | 440 | 1,238 | 2,422 | 743 | |||||||||||||||
Payments | (181 | ) | (99 | ) | — | (280 | ) | (86 | ) | |||||||||||
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As of December 31, 2015 | 1,378 | 1,313 | 1,238 | 3,929 | 1,205 | |||||||||||||||
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Additions | 570 | 3,946 | 2,217 | 6,733 | 2,066 | |||||||||||||||
Payments | (1,456 | ) | (4,029 | ) | — | (5,485 | ) | (1,683 | ) | |||||||||||
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As of December 31, 2016 | R$ | 492 | R$ | 1,230 | R$ | 3,455 | R$ | 5,177 | US$ | 1,588 | ||||||||||
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Labor claims presented above are related to different matters, such as overtime and salary equalization. The most relevant labor process amounts to R$17. Other labor lawsuits are not individually significant.
Civil claims are related to the Company’s ordinary course of operations, and generally relate to consumer claims. None of these lawsuits have significant amounts under dispute.
The Company has a tax claim related to challenging Brazilian tax authorities’ interpretation that retailers of imported goods are subject to paying additional sales taxes on manufactured products (“IPI”) and PIS and COFINS on financial income.
(b) Judicial deposits
In some situations, in connection with a legal requirement or presentation of guarantees, judicial deposits are made to secure the continuance of the claims under discussion. These judicial deposits may be required for claims whose likelihood of loss was analyzed by the Company, grounded on the opinion of its legal advisors as a probable, possible or remote loss.
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NETSHOES (CAYMAN) LIMITED
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
As of December 31, 2015 and 2016 and for the years ended December 31, 2014, 2015 and 2016
(In thousands of reais and dollars, unless otherwise stated)
Until the case is settled, the judicial deposits amounts accrues interest at Brazil’s official short-term interest rate (SELIC).
Year ended December 31, | ||||||||||||
2015 | 2016 | 2016 | ||||||||||
BRL | BRL | USD | ||||||||||
VAT taxes Brazil (PIS and COFINS)(1) | R$ | 30,397 | R$ | 67,548 | US$ | 20,726 | ||||||
PIS and COFINS on financial income(1) | — | 1,139 | 349 | |||||||||
Tax on manufactured products (IPI)(2) | 1,048 | 2,192 | 673 | |||||||||
Other | 432 | 938 | 288 | |||||||||
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R$ | 31,877 | R$ | 71,817 | US$ | 22,036 | |||||||
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(1) | Contribution tax on gross revenue for social integration program (PIS) and social security financing (COFINS) |
The Company is involved in disputes related to:
i) | Exclusion of VAT tax (ICMS) from PIS and COFINS calculation basis, which started in November 2014 and is currently waiting to be tried at the court of appeals. The Company has not recorded a provision for this proceeding since its lawyers estimate the chance of losing this legal dispute as possible. |
ii) | A constitutional challenge on the imposition of PIS and COFINS on financial income. |
(2) | Tax on manufactured products (IPI) |
The Company is involved in disputes related to the levy of taxes on manufactured products (IPI) over products it sells and obtained a preliminary injunction allowing it not to pay IPI on imports and sales of goods since it is a trading company.
(c) Capital commitments
On February 19, 2016, the Company signed a definitive agreement for the acquisition of the Shoestock brand (“Shoestock”). In accordance with this agreement, all the rights for economic use of all trademarks and domains of Shoestock have been granted to the Company. The total consideration for the acquisition of this brand was R$14,001 (US$4,296) and the amount of R$10,521 (US$3,228) was paid in 2016. The remaining balance in the amount of R$3,481 (US$1,068) was paid in February, 2017.
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NETSHOES (CAYMAN) LIMITED
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
As of December 31, 2015 and 2016 and for the years ended December 31, 2014, 2015 and 2016
(In thousands of reais and dollars, unless otherwise stated)
(d) Operating Leases
The Company has operating leases on a number of buildings where its distribution centers and administrative headquarters are located with third parties in arm’s length conditions. The agreements mature on different date and are annually indexed to the General Market Price Index (IGP-M). The future minimum payments of non-cancellable operating leases are presented below:
BRL | USD | |||||||
Up to one year | R$ | 26,441 | US$ | 8,113 | ||||
One to five years | 132,204 | 40,565 | ||||||
More than five years | 79,323 | 24,339 | ||||||
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Total | R$ | 237,968 | US$ | 73,017 | ||||
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During the years ended December 31, 2014, 2015 and 2016, the Company recorded total operating lease expenses of R$18,263, R$21,542 and R$28,978 (US$8,891), respectively.
25. | Subsequent events |
On February 22, 2017, the Company entered into a note purchase agreement pursuant to which it issued and sold unsecured promissory notes convertible into its common shares, in the aggregate principal amount of US$30.0 million, to certain of its shareholders. These convertible notes bear interest on the principal amount (1) at a rate of 4.0% per annum, compounded semiannually, for one year following the date the convertible notes are issued and, thereafter, (2) at a rate of 6.0% per annum, compounded semiannually, and they are due and payable, along with principal amount, on February 22, 2019. The convertible notes are subject to customary events of default.
Upon occurrence of specified liquidity events (which includes an initial public offering of the Company’s shares), the then outstanding principal and unpaid accrued interest of the convertible notes will be automatically converted into the Company’s common shares at a progressive price discount relative to the price of the Company’s common shares determined for the relevant liquidity event. The number of common shares to be issued upon the conversion of convertible notes shall be equal to the quotient obtained by dividing the outstanding principal and unpaid accrued interest due on the convertible notes on the date of the closing of the specified liquidity event by: (1) 90% of the relevant price of the Company’s common shares at the specified liquidity event, if the conversion takes place on or before the date that is six months after the date the note purchase agreement has been executed, (2) 85% of the relevant price of the Company’s common shares at the specified liquidity event, if the conversion occurs after this six-month period and on or before the date that is twelve-months after the date the note purchase agreement has been executed, or (3) 80% of the relevant price of the Company’s common shares at the specified liquidity event, if such conversion occurs after this twelve-month period, provided however, that for every six–month period after this twelve-month period, the conversion price discount shall be increased by an additional 2.5% relative to the price of the Company’s common shares for the specified liquidity event.
Also, subject to customary conditions and provided that no liquidity event specified in the note purchase agreement occurs, at any time between March 1, 2017 and December 31, 2017, the Company has the option, in its sole discretion, to issue to the same shareholders an additional US$20.0 million in aggregate principal amount of additional unsecured convertible promissory notes. These optional convertible notes will have the same interest rates, maturity date, events of default and conversion rates as the US$30.0 million unsecured promissory notes.
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PART II
INFORMATION NOT REQUIRED IN PROSPECTUS
Item 6. | Indemnification of Directors and Officers. |
Cayman Islands law does not limit the extent to which a company’s articles of association may provide indemnification of officers and directors, except to the extent that it may be held by the Cayman Islands courts to be contrary to public policy, such as providing indemnification against civil fraud or the consequences of committing a crime.
The registrant’s articles of association provide that each director or director of the registrant shall be indemnified out of the assets of the registrant against all actions, proceedings, costs, charges, expenses, losses, damages or liabilities incurred or sustained by such directors or officer, other than by reason of such person’s dishonesty, willful default or fraud, in or about the conduct of our company’s business or affairs (including as a result of any mistake of judgment) or in the execution or discharge of his duties, powers, authorities or discretions, including without prejudice to the generality of the foregoing, any costs, expenses, losses or liabilities incurred by such director or officer in defending (whether successfully or otherwise) any civil proceedings concerning our company or its affairs in any court whether in the Cayman Islands or elsewhere.
Under the indemnification agreements filed as Exhibits 10.09 to 10.16 to this registration statement, we have agreed to indemnify and hold harmless our directors and officers against certain liabilities and expenses incurred by such persons in connection with claims made by reason of their being such a director or executive officer.
Also, the registrant expects to maintain director’s and officer’s liability insurance covering its directors and officers with respect to general civil liability, including liabilities under the Securities Act, which he or she may incur in his or her capacity as such.
The form of underwriting agreement to be filed as Exhibit 1.01 to this registration statement will also provide for indemnification by the underwriters of the registrant and its directors and officers for certain liabilities, including liabilities arising under the Securities Act, but only to the extent that these liabilities are caused by information relating to the underwriters that was furnished to us by the underwriters in writing expressly for use in this registration statement and certain other disclosure documents.
Insofar as indemnification for liabilities arising under the Securities Act may be permitted to directors, officers or persons controlling us under the foregoing provisions, we have been informed that in the opinion of the SEC such indemnification is against public policy as expressed in the Securities Act and is therefore unenforceable.
Item 7. | Recent Sales of Unregistered Securities. |
During the past three years, we have issued and sold the securities described below without registering the securities under the Securities Act. None of these transactions involved any underwriters’ underwriting discounts or commissions, or any public offering. We believe that each of the following issuances was exempt from registration under the Securities Act in reliance on Regulation S under the Securities Act regarding sales by an issuer in offshore transactions, Rule 701 under the Securities Act or pursuant to Section 4(a)(2) of the Securities Act regarding transactions not involving a public offering.
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Purchaser | Date of Sale or | Title of Securities | Number of Securities | Consideration (in millions of US$) | Securities Registration Exemption | |||||||||
Various private equity investments | May 12, 2014 | common shares | 1,250,184 | US$168,599,937.52 | Regulation S and Section 4(a)(2) of the Securities Act | |||||||||
Various private equity investments funds | March 20, 2015 | common shares | 333,678 | US$44,999,815.08 | Regulation S and Section 4(a)(2) of the Securities Act | |||||||||
Various private equity investments funds | February 22, 2017 | convertible notes | 11 | US$30,000,000.00 | Regulation S and Section 4(a)(2) of the Securities Act |
For further information, see “Certain Relationships and Related Party Transactions—Private Equity Placements.” In addition to the above, we also granted share options to our directors and employees. In 2014 and 2015, we granted an aggregate of 164,553 share options to our employees to purchase an aggregate of 164,553 common shares (after giving effect to the share split), in consideration of their past and future services to us. In 2016, we granted an aggregate of 132,000 share options to our employees to purchase an aggregate of 132,000 common shares (after giving effect to the share split), in consideration of their past and future services to us. In March 2017, we granted an aggregate of 127,500 share options to certain members of our senior management to purchase an aggregate of 127,500 common shares (after giving effect to the share split), in consideration of their past and future services to us. Such grants were exempt from the registration requirements of the Securities Act in reliance on Regulation S and Section 4(a)(2) of the Securities Act.
Item 8. | Exhibits and Financial Statement Schedules. |
(a)Exhibits: See Exhibit Index beginning on page II-5 of this Registration Statement.
The agreements included as exhibits to this registration statement contain representations and warranties by each of the parties to the applicable agreement. These representations and warranties were made for the benefit of the other parties to the applicable agreement and (1) were not intended to be treated as categorical statements of fact, but rather as a way of allocating the risk to one of the parties if those statements prove to be inaccurate; (2) may have been qualified in such agreement by disclosures that were made to the other party in connection with the negotiation of the applicable agreement; (3) may apply contract standards of “materiality” that are different from “materiality” under the applicable securities laws; and (4) were made only as of the date of the applicable agreement or such other date or dates as may be specified in the agreement. We acknowledge that, notwithstanding the inclusion of the foregoing cautionary statements, we are responsible for considering whether additional specific disclosures of material information regarding material contractual provisions are required to make the statements in this registration statement not misleading.
(b)Financial Statement Schedules: All schedules have been omitted because they are not required, are not applicable or the required information is otherwise set forth in the audited consolidated financial statements or related notes thereto.
Item 9. | Undertakings. |
(a) The undersigned registrant hereby undertakes to provide to the underwriters at the closing specified in the underwriting agreement, certificates in such denominations and registered in such names as required by the underwriters to permit prompt delivery to each purchaser.
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(b) Insofar as indemnification for liabilities arising under the Securities Act of 1933 may be permitted to directors, officers and controlling persons of the registrant pursuant to the foregoing provisions, or otherwise, the registrant has been advised that in the opinion of the Securities and Exchange Commission such indemnification is against public policy as expressed in the Act and is, therefore, unenforceable. In the event that a claim for indemnification against such liabilities (other than the payment by the registrant of expenses incurred or paid by a director, officer or controlling person of the registrant in the successful defense of any action, suit or proceeding) is asserted by such director, officer or controlling person in connection with the securities being registered, the registrant will, unless in the opinion of its counsel the matter has been settled by controlling precedent, submit to a court of appropriate jurisdiction the question whether such indemnification by it is against public policy as expressed in the Act and will be governed by the final adjudication of such issue.
(c) The undersigned registrant hereby undertakes that:
(1) For purposes of determining any liability under the Securities Act of 1933, the information omitted from the form of prospectus filed as part of this Registration Statement in reliance upon Rule 430A and contained in a form of prospectus filed by the registrant pursuant to Rule 424(b)(1) or (4) or 497(h) under the Securities Act shall be deemed to be part of this Registration Statement as of the time it was declared effective; and
(2) For the purpose of determining any liability under the Securities Act of 1933, each post-effective amendment that contains a form of prospectus shall be deemed to be a new Registration Statement relating to the securities offered therein, and the offering of such securities at that time shall be deemed to be the initialbona fide offering thereof.
Signatures
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, the registrant certifies that it has reasonable grounds to believe that it meets all of the requirements for filing onForm F-1 and has duly caused this registration statement to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized, in the City and State of São Paulo, Brazil, on March 30, 2017.
NETSHOES (CAYMAN) LIMITED | ||
By: | /s/ Marcio Kumruian | |
Name: Marcio Kumruian Title: Chief Executive Officer |
By: | /s/ Leonardo Tavares Dib | |
Name: Leonardo Tavares Dib Title: Chief Financial Officer |
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Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act, this registration statement has been signed by the following persons in the capacities indicated on March 30, 2017.
Name | Title | |||||
By: | /s/ Marcio Kumruian | |||||
Name: Marcio Kumruian | Chief Executive Officer (principal executive officer) | |||||
By: | /s/ Leonardo Tavares Dib | |||||
Name: Leonardo Tavares Dib | Chief Financial Officer (principal financial officer and principal accounting officer) | |||||
By: | /s/ Marcio Kumruian | |||||
Name: Marcio Kumruian | Director (Chairman) | |||||
By: | * | |||||
Name: Francisco Alvarez-Demalde | Director | |||||
By: | * | |||||
Name: Nilesh Lakhani | Director | |||||
By: | * | |||||
Name: Hagop Chabab | Director | |||||
By: | * | |||||
Name: Wolfgang Schwerdtle | Director | |||||
By: | * | |||||
Name: Nicolas Szekasy | Director | |||||
By: | /s/ Donald Puglisi | |||||
Name: Donald Puglisi | Authorized Representative in the United States |
*By: | /s/ Marcio Kumruian | |
Name: | Marcio Kumruian | |
Title: | Attorney-in-fact |
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EXHIBIT INDEX
Exhibit | ||
1.01† | Form of Underwriting Agreement. | |
3.01† | Third Amended and Restated Memorandum and Articles of Association of Netshoes (Cayman) Limited, dated March 20, 2015, as currently in effect. | |
3.02* | Form of Fourth Amended and Restated Memorandum of Association of Netshoes (Cayman) Limited, effective upon completion of the offering. | |
4.01† | Fourth Amended and Restated Shareholders’ Agreement dated March 20, 2015 between Netshoes (Cayman) Limited, Marcio Kumruian, HCFT Holdings, LLC, Hagop Chabab, Tiger Global Private Investment Partners V, L.P., Tiger Global Private Investment Partners VI, L.P., Metal Monkey Trust, Scott Shleifer 2011 Descendants’ Trust, The Feroz Dewan 2010 GRAT IX, Dialvest, Ltd., Clemenceau Investments Pte. Ltd., Kaszek Ventures I, L.P., Kaszek Ventures I-A, L.P., Kaszek Ventures I-B, L.P., Kaszek Ventures I-C, L.P., ICQ Investments V L.P, ICQ Investments 16, L.P, Archy LLC, Riverwood Capital Partners II, L.P., Riverwood Capital Partners II (Parallel-B) L.P., Macro Continental, Inc., Boscolo Intervest Limited and International Finance Corporation, as currently in effect. | |
4.01* | Form of Fifth Amended and Restated Shareholders’ Agreement to be executed between Netshoes (Cayman) Limited, CDK Net Fund IC, HCFT Holdings, LLC, Hagop Chabab, Tiger Global Private Investment Partners V, L.P., Tiger Global Private Investment Partners VI, L.P., Metal Monkey Trust, Scott Shleifer 2011 Descendants’ Trust, The Feroz Dewan 2010 GRAT IX, Nicolas Szekasy, Clemenceau Investments Pte. Ltd., Kaszek Ventures I, L.P., Kaszek Ventures I-A, L.P., Kaszek Ventures I-B, L.P., Kaszek Ventures I-C, L.P., ICQ Investments V L.P., ICQ Investments 16, L.P., Archy LLC, Riverwood Capital Partners II, L.P., Riverwood Capital Partners II (Parallel-B) L.P., Macro Continental, Inc., Boscolo Intervest Limited and International Finance Corporation, effective upon completion of the offering. | |
4.02† | Policy Agreement dated March 20, 2015 between Netshoes (Cayman) Limited and International Finance Corporation. | |
4.03† | English translation of the Second Debenture Deed for the distribution of secured non-convertible debentures of NS2.com Internet S.A. dated March 19, 2015 between NS2.com Internet S.A. and Oliveira Trust Distribuidora de Títulos e Valores Mobiliários S.A. (Instrumento Particular de Escritura da Segunda Emissão de Debêntures Simples, Não Conversíveis em Ações, em Série Única, da Espécie com Garantia Real, para Distribuição Pública com Esforços Restritos de Colocação, da NS2.com Internet S.A.). | |
4.04† | Note Purchase Agreement dated February 22, 2017 between Netshoes (Cayman) Limited and Tiger Global Private Investment Partners V, L.P., Tiger Global Private Investment Partners VI, L.P., Archy LLC, Clemenceau Investments Pte. Ltd., Riverwood Capital Partners II, L.P., Riverwood Capital Partners II (Parallel-B) L.P., Macro Continental, Inc., Boscolo Intervest Limited, International Finance Corporation, CDK Net Fund IC and HCFT Holdings, LLC, as currently in effect (including form of convertible promissory note). | |
5.01* | Opinion of Campbells as to the validity of the common shares issued by Netshoes (Cayman) Limited and certain Cayman Islands law matters. | |
10.01† | English translation of the Lease Assignment and Affirmation of Debt Agreement dated June 1, 2009 between PMG Administradora de Bens Ltda., Montecchio do Brasil Empreendimentos Imobiliários Ltda., Argos Armazéns Gerais Ltda., Argos Transportes Ltda., NS2.com Internet Ltda., Zareh Chabab and Ovsanna Chabab, and of the First Amendment thereto dated April 10, 2013 between PMG Administradora de Bens Ltda. and NS2.com Internet S.A., and of the Second Amendment thereto dated April 2, 2014 between Uittorenen do Brasil Participações Ltda. and NS2.com Internet S.A. (Instrumento Particular de Cessão de Locação e de Confissão de Dívida). |
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Exhibit | ||
10.02† | English translation of the Lease Agreement of a Custom-Built Property dated November 5, 2014 between FW2 Logística e Empreendimentos Imobiliários S.A., NS2.com Internet S.A. and RCA Gerenciamento e Fiscalização Ltda., and the First Amendment thereto dated November 4, 2015 (Instrumento Particular de Contrato de Locação de Imóvel Sob Medida e Outras Avenças). | |
10.03† | English translation of the Non-Residential Lease Agreement dated September 18, 2012 between CCG Empreendimentos Ltda. and NS2.com Internet S.A., of the First Amendment thereto dated October 18, 2012, of the Second Amendment thereto dated May 31, 2015, and of the Third Amendment thereto dated October 23, 2015 (Instrumento Particular de Contrato de Locação de Imóvel para Fins Não Residenciais). | |
10.04* | English translation of the Agreement for Construction and Lease of an Office and Warehouse Building dated December 19, 2013 between Maroframa S.A. and NS3 Internet S.A. (Contrato), as supplemented by a real estate lease offer (Oferta de Locación de Inmueble) dated as of June 1, 2017. | |
10.05† | English summary of the Logistics Services Agreement dated January 1, 2016 between NS4.com Internet, S.A. de C.V. and Onelogistic, S.A. de C.V. (Contrato de Prestación de Servicios Logísticos). | |
10.06† | English translation of the Hosting Services Agreements dated October 21, 2016 between NS2.com Internet S.A. and UOL Diveo Tecnologia Ltda(Pedido de Compra/Contrato Nº 16-03868; Pedido de Compra/Contrato Nº 16-03869). | |
10.07† | Netshoes (Cayman) Limited 2012 Share Plan, adopted on April 16, 2012. | |
10.08† | English translation of the Non-Compete Agreement dated December 23, 2009 between NS2.com Internet S.A. and Marcio Kumruian(Acordo de Não-Competição) | |
10.09† | Indemnification Agreement dated May 21, 2012 between Netshoes (Cayman) Ltd. and Marcio Kumruian. | |
10.10† | Indemnification Agreement dated May 21, 2012 between Netshoes (Cayman) Ltd. and Hagop Chabab. | |
10.11† | Indemnification Agreement dated November 13, 2012 between Netshoes (Cayman) Ltd. and Nicolas Szekasy. | |
10.12† | Indemnification Agreement dated May 1, 2013 between Netshoes (Cayman) Ltd. and Nilesh Lakhani. | |
10.13† | Indemnification Agreement dated May 12, 2014 between Netshoes (Cayman) Ltd. and Wolfgang Schwerdtle. | |
10.14† | Indemnification Agreement dated March 20, 2015 between Netshoes (Cayman) Ltd. and Francisco Alvarez-Demalde. | |
10.15† | Indemnification Agreement dated May 21, 2012 between Netshoes (Cayman) Ltd. and Graciela Kumruian Tanaka. | |
10.16† | Indemnification Agreement dated December 1, 2016 between Netshoes (Cayman) Ltd. and Leonardo Tavares Dib. | |
10.17† | Management Rights’ Agreement dated March 20, 2015, between Netshoes (Cayman) Limited, Riverwood Capital Partners II, L.P. and Riverwood Capital Partners II (Parallel-B) L.P. | |
14.01 | English Translation of the Code of Ethics(Código de Ética). | |
21.01† | List of Subsidiaries of the Registrant. | |
23.01† | Consent of KPMG Auditores Independentes — Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm. | |
23.02* | Consent of Campbells (included in Exhibit 5.01). |
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Exhibit | ||
23.03† | Consent of Mattos Filho, Veiga Filho, Marrey Jr. e Quiroga Advogados. | |
24.01† | Powers of Attorney (included on signature page to the Registration Statement). | |
99.1† | Consent of Frederico Brito e Abreu as director nominee. | |
99.2† | Consent of Ricardo Knoepfelmacher as director nominee. |
* | To be filed or supplemented by amendment. |
† | Previously filed. |
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