Significant Accounting Policies (Policies) | 12 Months Ended |
Dec. 31, 2015 |
New Accounting Pronouncements or Change in Accounting Principle [Line Items] | |
Principles of Consolidation and Basis of Presentation | Principles of Consolidation and Basis of Presentation These consolidated financial statements include the accounts of the Company and its 95.6% owned subsidiary, Papernuts. All inter-company balances and transactions have been eliminated on consolidation. The accompanying consolidated financial statements of the Company have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“GAAP”). |
Use of Estimates | Use of Estimates The preparation of financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the period. Significant estimates include the use of the going concern assumption, the useful life of equipment and intangible assets, the valuation of equipment and intangible assets and the valuation of convertible debt. |
Cash and Cash Equivalents | Cash and Cash Equivalents The Company considers all highly liquid investments with maturities of three months or less to be cash equivalents. At December 31, 2015 and December 31, 2014, the Company had a cash balance of $48,116 and $8,602 respectively. |
Revenue Recognition and Deferred Revenue | Revenue Recognition and Deferred Revenue Revenue from product sales is recognized when the customer takes title, assumes the risks and rewards of ownership and collectability is reasonably assured. Revenue is recorded at the time of shipment for terms designated f.o.b. (free on board) shipping point. For sales transactions designated f.o.b. destination, revenue is recorded when the product is delivered to the customer’s delivery site, when title and risk of loss are transferred. Revenue from the sale of licences and distribution agreements is recognized over the related term of the agreement. Proceeds received prior to the Company meeting its revenue recognition criteria is recorded as deferred revenue and shown as either a current or non-current liability depending on the expected timing of recognition. |
Shipping and Handling Costs | Shipping and Handling Costs Shipping and handling costs, such as freight to our customers’ destinations, are included in cost of revenue in the statement of operations and comprehensive loss. When shipping and handling costs are included in the sales price charged for our products, they are recognized in revenue. $12,574 (2014 -$2,426) of shipping and handling costs was included in cost of revenue for the year. |
Inventories | Inventories Inventories are valued at the lower of cost or market using the average cost method. Inventory is periodically reviewed for use and obsolescence, and adjusted as necessary. Inventory consists of raw material and finished goods. |
Equipment | Equipment Equipment is stated at cost, less accumulated depreciation. Expenditures for betterments are capitalized, whereas normal repairs and maintenance are expensed as incurred. The straight-line method is used to depreciate equipment over its estimated useful life, ranging from 3-5 years. |
Intangible Assets | Intangible Assets Intangible assets are stated at cost, less accumulated amortization. The straight-line method is used to amortize intangible assets over their estimated useful life, for a period of 10 years. |
Impairment of Long-lived Assets | Impairment of Long-lived Assets The Company periodically evaluates the carrying value of long-lived assets in accordance with GAAP, which requires impairment losses to be recorded on long-lived assets used in operations when indicators of impairment are present and the undiscounted cash flows estimated to be generated by those assets are less than the assets' carrying amounts. In that event, a loss is recognized based on the amount by which the carrying amount exceeds the fair value of the long-lived assets. Losses on long-lived assets to be disposed of are determined in a similar manner, except that fair values are reduced for the cost of disposal. |
Fair Value of Convertible Loans | Fair Value of Convertible Loans The Company has issued convertible loans that are convertible into common stock, at the option of the holder, at conversion prices based on the trading price per share over a period of time. As a result of the variability in the amount of common stock to be issued, the conversion features are reflected at fair value. The instrument is bifurcated into a debt instrument and derivative liability instrument. The debt is accreted to face value over the life of debt. The derivative liability is measured using a binomial lattice valuation methodology and is included in the consolidated balance sheets under the caption “loans payable and conversion features”. Any unrealized and realized gains and losses related to the convertible loans are measured based on the changes in the fair values of the derivative liability. Such gains and losses and accretion costs are recorded as a valuation adjustment of convertible loans payable on the consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive loss. |
Loss per Share | Loss per Share Basic loss per share is calculated by dividing the Company’s net loss applicable to common stockholders by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding during the period. Diluted loss per share is calculated by dividing the Company’s net loss available to common stockholders by the diluted weighted average number of shares outstanding during the year. The diluted weighted average number of shares outstanding is the basic weighted number of shares adjusted for any potentially dilutive debt or equity instruments, if dilutive. |
Income Taxes | Income Taxes Income taxes are computed in accordance with the provisions of ASC Topic 740, which requires, among other things, a liability approach to calculating deferred income taxes. The Company recognizes deferred tax liabilities and assets for the expected future tax consequences of events that have been recognized in its financial statements or tax returns. Under this method, deferred tax liabilities and assets are determined based on the difference between the financial statement carrying amounts and tax bases of assets and liabilities using enacted tax rates in effect in the years in which the differences are expected to reverse. The Company is required to make certain estimates and judgments about the application of tax law, the expected resolution of uncertain tax positions and other matters. In the event that uncertain tax positions are resolved for amounts different than the Company’s estimates, or the related statutes of limitations expire without the assessment of additional income taxes, the Company will be required to adjust the amounts of related assets and liabilities in the period in which such events occur. Such adjustment may have a material impact on the Company’s income tax provision and results of operations. |
Fair value of stock-based compensation | Fair value of stock-based compensation Stock-based compensation is valued using the Black-Scholes option pricing model, which requires the input of highly subjective assumptions including the expected stock price volatility. Because the Company’s stock options have characteristics significantly different than those of traded options and because changes in the subjective input assumptions can materially affect the calculated fair value, such value is subject to measurement uncertainty. |
Research and development costs | Research and development costs Development expenditures are capitalized if they meet the criteria for recognition as an asset, and are amortized over their expected useful lives once they are available for use. Research costs are expensed as incurred. |
Fair Value of Financial Instruments | Fair Value of Financial Instruments The standard, “Disclosures about Fair Value of Financial Instruments”, defines financial instruments and requires fair value disclosures for those instruments. The standard, “Fair Value Measurements”, defines fair value and establishes a three-level valuation hierarchy for disclosures of fair value measurement and enhances disclosures requirements for fair value measures. The carrying amounts reported on the balance sheets for cash, accounts receivable, due to related parties, accounts payable and accrued liabilities and loan payable qualify as financial instruments and are a reasonable estimate of fair value because of the short period of time between the origination of such instruments and their expected realization and their current market rates of interest. For the due to related parties, the Company believes the carrying value of the loans approximates fair value as the interest rates are market rates. The standard establishes a fair value hierarchy that prioritizes the inputs used to measure fair value. The hierarchy gives the highest priority to unadjusted quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities (Level 1 measurement) and the lowest priority to unobservable inputs (Level 3 measurement). The three levels of the fair value hierarchy defined by the standard are as follows: Level 1 Quoted prices are available in active markets for identical assets or liabilities as of the reporting date. Active markets are those in which transactions for the asset or liability occur in sufficient frequency and volume to provide pricing information on an ongoing basis. Level 1 primarily consists of financial instruments such as exchange-traded derivatives, listed equities and U.S. government treasury securities; Level 2 Pricing inputs are other than quoted prices in active markets included in Level 1, which are either directly or indirectly observable as of the reporting date. Level 2 includes those financial instruments that are valued using models or other valuation methodologies. These models are primarily industry-standard models that consider various assumptions, including quoted forward prices for commodities, time value, volatility factors, and current market and contractual prices for the underlying instruments, as well as other relevant economic measures. Substantially all of these assumptions are observable in the marketplace throughout the full term of the instrument, can be derived from observable data or are supported by observable levels at which transactions are executed in the marketplace. Instruments in this category include non-exchange-traded derivatives such as the conversion features of the loans payable; and Level 3 Pricing inputs include significant inputs that are generally less observable from objective sources. These inputs may be used with internally developed methodologies that result in management's best estimate of fair value from the perspective of a market participant. Level 3 instruments include those that may be more structured or otherwise tailored to customers' needs. At each balance sheet date, the Company performs an analysis of all instruments subject to the standard and includes in Level 3 all of those whose fair value is based on significant unobservable inputs. Other than the conversion features, there were no assets or liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis as of December 31, 2015. |
Foreign Currency Translation | Foreign Currency Translation As further described in Note 4, the Canadian dollar had been the functional and reporting currency of the Company’s business and the consolidated financial statements for periods up to December 31, 2014 were expressed in Canadian dollars. On February 26, 2015, to reflect the changed circumstances of the Company, the functional currency of the Company and its subsidiaries changed to the United States dollar and the Company decided to change its reporting currency to the United States dollar as well. Accordingly, these consolidated financial statements are expressed in United States dollars. Monetary assets and liabilities denominated in currencies other than United States dollars are translated into United States dollars at the rate of exchange in effect at the end of the reporting period. Revenues and expenses are translated at the transaction exchange rate. Foreign currency gains and losses resulting from translation are reflected in net income of the period. An exchange rate of 0.7225 was used to translate the monetary assets and liabilities from Canadian to US dollars at December 31, 2015 (2014 - 0.8620). An exchange rate of 0.7822 was used to translate revenue and expenses from Canadian to US dollars for the year ended December 31, 2015 (2014 - 0.9166). |
Accounting Principles for Future Adoption | Accounting Principles for Future Adoption In May 2014, FASB issued ASU 2014-09 with the intent of significantly enhancing comparability of revenue recognition practices across entities and industries. The new standard provides a single principles-based, five-step model to be applied to all contracts with customers and introduces new, increased disclosure requirements. The new standard is effective for annual and interim periods beginning on or after December 15, 2017 and may be applied on either a full or modified retrospective basis. The Company is currently assessing the impact of the new standard to the Company’s consolidated financial statements. In August 2014, FASB issued ASU 2014-15 providing guidance on how to account for and disclose going concern risks. The new standard is effective for annual and interim periods beginning on or after December 15, 2016. The Company is currently assessing the impact of the new standard to the Company’s consolidated financial statements. |
ASU 2014-09 [Member] | |
New Accounting Pronouncements or Change in Accounting Principle [Line Items] | |
Accounting Principles for Future Adoption | In May 2014, FASB issued ASU 2014-09 with the intent of significantly enhancing comparability of revenue recognition practices across entities and industries. The new standard provides a single principles-based, five-step model to be applied to all contracts with customers and introduces new, increased disclosure requirements. The new standard is effective for annual and interim periods beginning on or after December 15, 2017 and may be applied on either a full or modified retrospective basis. The Company is currently assessing the impact of the new standard to the Company’s financial statements. |
ASU 2014-15 Member] | |
New Accounting Pronouncements or Change in Accounting Principle [Line Items] | |
Accounting Principles for Future Adoption | In August 2014, FASB issued ASU 2014-15 providing guidance on how to account for and disclose going concern risks. The new standard is effective for annual and interim periods beginning on or after December 15, 2016. The Company is currently assessing the impact of the new standard to the Company’s financial statements. |
ASU 2015-03 [Member] | |
New Accounting Pronouncements or Change in Accounting Principle [Line Items] | |
Accounting Principles for Future Adoption | In April 2015, FSAB issued ASU 2015-03 to simplify presentation of debt issuance costs. The amendments in this Update require that debt issuance costs related to a recognized debt liability be presented in the balance sheet as a direct deduction from the carrying amount of that debt liability, consistent with debt discounts. The recognition and measurement guidance for debt issuance costs are not affected by the amendments in this Update. The ASU is effective for fiscal years and interim periods beginning after December 15, 2015. The Company is currently assessing the impact, if any, of implementing this guidance on its consolidated financial position and results of operations. |