Summary of Significant Accounting Policies | 2. Summary of Significant Accounting Policies The summary of significant accounting policies presented below is designed to assist in understanding our accompanying condensed consolidated financial statements. Such condensed consolidated financial statements and the accompanying notes thereto are the representations of our management, who are responsible for their integrity and objectivity. These accounting policies conform to accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America, or GAAP, in all material respects, and have been consistently applied in preparing our accompanying condensed consolidated financial statements. Basis of Presentation Our accompanying condensed consolidated financial statements include our accounts and those of our operating partnership, the wholly owned subsidiaries of our operating partnership and all non-wholly owned subsidiaries in which we have control, as well as any VIEs in which we are the primary beneficiary. We evaluate our ability to control an entity, and whether the entity is a VIE and we are the primary beneficiary, by considering substantive terms of the arrangement and identifying which enterprise has the power to direct the activities of the entity that most significantly impacts the entity’s economic performance. We operate and intend to co ntinue to operate in an umbrella partnership REIT structure in which our operating partnership, or wholly owned subsidiaries of our operating partnership and all non-wholly owned subsidiaries of which we have control, will own substantially all of the interests in properties acquired on our behalf. We ar e the sole general partner of our operating partnership, and as of March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019 , we owned greater than a 99.99% general partnership interest therein. Our advisor is a limited partner, and as of March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019 , owned less than a 0.01% noncontrolling limited partnership interest in our operating partnership. Because we are the sole general partner of our operating partnership and have unilateral control over its management and major operating decisions (even if additional limited partners are admitted to our operating partnership), the accounts of our operating partnership are consolidated in our accompanying condensed consolidated financial statements. All intercompany accounts and transactions are eliminated in consolidation. Interim Unaudited Financial Data Our accompanying condensed consolidated financial statements have been prepared by us in accordance with GAAP in conjunction with the rules and regulations of the United States Securities and Exchange Commission, or SEC. Certain information and footnote disclosures required for annual financial statements have been condensed or excluded pursuant to SEC rules and regulations. Accordingly, our accompanying condensed consolidated financial statements do not include all of the information and footnotes required by GAAP for complete financial statements. Our accompanying condensed consolidated financial statements reflect all adjustments which are, in our view, of a normal recurring nature and necessary for a fair presentation of our financial position, results of operations and cash flows for the interim period. Interim results of operations are not necessarily indicative of the results to be expected for the full year; such full year results may be less favorable. In preparing our accompanying condensed consolidated financial statements, management has evaluated subsequent events through the financial statement issuance date. We believe that although the disclosures contained herein are adequate to prevent the information presented from being misleading, our accompanying condensed consolidated financial statements should be read in conjunction with our audited consolidated financial statements and the notes thereto included in our 2019 Annual Report on Form 10-K, as filed with the SEC on March 26, 2020. Use of Estimates The preparation of our accompanying condensed consolidated financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities, as well as the disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities, at the date of our condensed consolidated financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Significant items subject to such estimates and assumptions include, but are not limited to, the initial and recurring valuation of certain assets acquired and liabilities assumed through property acquisitions, allowance for credit losses, impairment of long-lived assets and contingencies. These estimates are made and evaluated on an on-going basis using information that is currently available as well as various other assumptions believed to be reasonable under the circumstances. Actual results could differ from those estimates, perhaps in material adverse ways, and those estimates could be different under different assumptions or conditions. Revenue Recognition — Resident Fees and Services Revenue Disaggregation of Resident Fees and Services Revenue The following table disaggregates our resident fees and services revenue by line of business, according to whether such revenue is recognized at a point in time or over time: Three Months Ended March 31, 2020 2019 Point in Time Over Time Total Point in Time Over Time Total Integrated senior health campuses $ 54,528,000 $ 213,266,000 $ 267,794,000 $ 52,342,000 $ 199,372,000 $ 251,714,000 Senior housing — RIDEA(1) 872,000 21,260,000 22,132,000 711,000 15,857,000 16,568,000 Total resident fees and services $ 55,400,000 $ 234,526,000 $ 289,926,000 $ 53,053,000 $ 215,229,000 $ 268,282,000 The following table disaggregates our resident fees and services revenue by payor class: Three Months Ended March 31, 2020 2019 Integrated Senior Health Campuses Senior Housing — RIDEA(1) Total Integrated Senior Health Campuses Senior Housing — RIDEA(1) Total Private and other payors $ 128,267,000 $ 21,700,000 $ 149,967,000 $ 122,201,000 $ 16,555,000 $ 138,756,000 Medicare 87,219,000 — 87,219,000 84,477,000 — 84,477,000 Medicaid 52,308,000 432,000 52,740,000 45,036,000 13,000 45,049,000 Total resident fees and services $ 267,794,000 $ 22,132,000 $ 289,926,000 $ 251,714,000 $ 16,568,000 $ 268,282,000 ___________ (1) This includes fees for basic housing and assisted living care. We record revenue when services are rendered at amounts billable to individual residents. Residency agreements are generally for a term of 30 days, with resident fees billed monthly in advance. For patients under reimbursement arrangements with Medicaid, revenue is recorded based on contractually agreed-upon amounts or rates on a per resident, daily basis or as services are rendered. Accounts Receivable, Net — Resident Fees and Services Revenue The beginning and ending balances of accounts receivable, net — resident fees and services are as follows: Medicare Medicaid Private and Other Payors Total Beginning balance — January 1, 2020 $ 32,127,000 $ 26,366,000 $ 46,543,000 $ 105,036,000 Ending balance — March 31, 2020 31,766,000 23,095,000 48,094,000 102,955,000 (Decrease)/increase $ (361,000 ) $ (3,271,000 ) $ 1,551,000 $ (2,081,000 ) Deferred Revenue — Resident Fees and Services Revenue The beginning and ending balances of deferred revenue — resident fees and services, all of which relates to private and other payors, are as follows: Total Beginning balance — January 1, 2020 $ 13,518,000 Ending balance — March 31, 2020 13,529,000 Increase $ 11,000 Tenant and Resident Receivables and Allowances On January 1, 2020, we adopted Financial Accounting Standards Board, or FASB, Accounting Standards Codification, or ASC, Topic 326, Financial Instruments Credit Losses , or ASC Topic 326. We adopted ASC Topic 326 using the modified retrospective approach whereby the cumulative effect of adoption was recognized on the adoption date and prior periods were not restated. There was no net cumulative effect adjustment to retained earnings as of January 1, 2020. Resident receivables are carried net of an allowance for credit losses. An allowance is maintained for estimated losses resulting from the inability of residents and payors to meet the contractual obligations under their lease or service agreements. Substantially all of such allowances are recorded as direct reductions of resident fees and services revenue as contractual adjustments provided to third-party payors or implicit price concessions in our accompanying condensed consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive income (loss). Our determination of the adequacy of these allowances is based primarily upon evaluations of historical loss experience, the residents’ financial condition, security deposits, cash collection patterns by payor and by state, current economic conditions, future expectations in estimating credit losses and other relevant factors. Tenant receivables and unbilled deferred rent receivables are recognized as direct reductions of real estate revenue in our accompanying condensed consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive income (loss). As of March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019 , we had $10,809,000 and $11,435,000 , respectively, in allowances, which were determined necessary to reduce receivables by our expected future credit losses. For the three months ended March 31, 2020 and 2019 , we increased allowances by $3,826,000 and $3,244,000 , respectively, and reduced allowances for collections or adjustments by $2,478,000 and $1,227,000 , respectively. For the three months ended March 31, 2020 and 2019 , $1,974,000 and $1,243,000 , respectively, of our receivables were written off against the related allowances. Impairment of Long-Lived Assets We periodically evaluate our long-lived assets, primarily consisting of investments in real estate that we carry at our historical cost less accumulated depreciation, for impairment when events or changes in circumstances indicate that its carrying value may not be recoverable. Indicators we consider important and that we believe could trigger an impairment review include, among others, the following: • significant negative industry or economic trends; • a significant underperformance relative to historical or projected future operating results; and • a significant change in the extent or manner in which the asset is used or significant physical change in the asset. For the three months ended March 31, 2020 , we determined that one skilled nursing facility was impaired, and as such, we recognized an impairment charge of $3,711,000 to reduce the carrying value of such asset to $3,840,000 . The fair value of such property was based on its projected sales price obtained from an independent third party using comparable market information, which was considered a Level 2 measurement within the fair value hierarchy. No impairment charges on long-lived assets were recognized for the three months ended March 31, 2019 . Properties Held for Sale A property or a group of properties is required to be reported in discontinued operations in the statements of operations and comprehensive income (loss) for current and prior periods if the disposal represents a strategic shift that has (or will have) a major effect on an entity’s operations and financial results when either: (i) the component has been disposed of or (ii) is classified as held for sale. At such time as a property is held for sale, such property is carried at the lower of: (i) its carrying amount or (ii) fair value less costs to sell. In addition, a property being held for sale ceases to be depreciated. For the three months ended March 31, 2020 , we determined that the fair value of one integrated senior health campus that was held for sale was lower than its carrying amount, and as such, we recognized an impairment charge of $1,391,000 to reduce the carrying value of such asset to $350,000 . The fair value of such asset was based on its projected sales price obtained from an independent third party using comparable market information, which was considered a Level 2 measurement within the fair value hierarchy. No impairment charges on properties held for sale were recognized for the three months ended March 31, 2019 . Debt Security Investment, Net We classify our marketable debt security investment as held-to-maturity because we have the positive intent and ability to hold the security to maturity, and we have not recorded any unrealized holding gains or losses on such investment. Our held-to-maturity security is recorded at amortized cost and adjusted for the amortization of premiums or discounts through maturity. Prior to the adoption of ASC Topic 326, a loss was recognized in earnings when we determined declines in the fair value of marketable securities were other-than-temporary. For the three months ended March 31, 2019 , we did not incur any such losses. Effective January 1, 2020, we evaluated our debt security investment for expected future credit loss in accordance with ASC Topic 326. There was no net cumulative effect adjustment to retained earnings as of January 1, 2020. See Note 4, Debt Security Investment, Net , for a further discussion. Accounts Payable and Accrued Liabilities As of March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019 , accounts payable and accrued liabilities primarily includes reimbursement of payroll related costs to the managers of our senior housing — RIDEA facilities and integrated senior health campuses of $33,472,000 and $24,118,000 , respectively, insurance reserves of $33,237,000 and $35,581,000 , respectively, accrued capital expenditures to unaffiliated third parties of $22,398,000 and $25,019,000 , respectively, accrued property taxes of $15,885,000 and $14,501,000 , respectively, and accrued distributions of $9,955,000 and $9,974,000 , respectively. Recently Issued Accounting Pronouncement In March 2020, the FASB issued Accounting Standards Update, or ASU, 2020-04, Facilitation of the Effects of Reference Rate Reform of Financial Reporting, or ASU 2020-04, which provides optional expedients and exceptions for applying GAAP to contract modifications, hedging relationships and other transactions, subject to meeting certain criteria. ASU 2020-04 applies to the aforementioned transactions that reference LIBOR or another reference rate expected to be discontinued because of the reference rate reform. ASU 2020-04 is effective for fiscal years and interim periods beginning after March 12, 2020 and through December 31, 2022. We are currently evaluating this guidance to determine the impact on our disclosures. |