Summary of Significant Accounting Policies | 2. Summary of Significant Accounting Policies Basis of Presentation and Principles of Consolidation The consolidated financial statements of the Company included herein have been prepared pursuant to the rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission, or the SEC, and in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles, or GAAP. Any reference in these notes to applicable guidance is meant to refer to the authoritative accounting principles generally accepted in the United States as found in the ASC and Accounting Standards Update, or ASU, of the Financial Accounting Standards Board, or FASB. The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of Epizyme, Inc. and its wholly owned, controlled subsidiary, Epizyme Securities Corporation. All intercompany transactions and balances of subsidiaries have been eliminated in consolidation. Use of Estimates The preparation of these consolidated financial statements in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States requires management to make estimates, judgments and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosures of contingent assets and liabilities, as of the date of the consolidated financial statements, and the reported amounts of revenue and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results and outcomes may differ materially from management’s estimates, judgments and assumptions. Subsequent Events The Company considers events or transactions that occur after the balance sheet date but before the consolidated financial statements are issued to provide additional evidence relative to certain estimates or to identify matters that require additional disclosure. The Company evaluated all events and transactions through the date these financial statements were filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission. Cash and cash equivalents The Company considers all highly liquid securities with original final maturities of three months or less from the date of purchase to be cash equivalents. Cash and cash equivalents are comprised of demand deposit accounts, funds in money market accounts, commercial paper and corporate notes. Marketable securities The Company classifies marketable securities with a remaining maturity when purchased of greater than three months as available-for-sale. The Company considers all available-for-sale securities, including those with maturity dates beyond 12 months, as available to support current operational liquidity needs and therefore classifies all securities with maturity dates beyond 90 days at the date of purchase as current assets. Available-for-sale securities are maintained by the Company’s investment managers and may consist of commercial paper, high-grade corporate notes, U.S. Treasury securities, and U.S. government agency securities. Available-for-sale securities are carried at fair value with the unrealized gains and losses included in other comprehensive loss as a component of stockholders’ equity until realized. Any premium or discount arising at purchase is amortized and/or accreted to interest income and/or expense over the life of the instrument. Realized gains and losses are determined using the specific identification method and are included in other income (expense). The aggregate fair value of securities held by the Company in an unrealized loss position for less than twelve months as of December 31, 2020 was $67.7 million, which consisted of 6 commercial paper securities, 7 corporate notes securities and 1 U.S. Treasury security. There were no marketable securities held by the Company for greater than twelve months as of December 31, 2020. The aggregate fair value of securities held by the Company in an unrealized loss position for less than twelve months as of December 31, 2019 was $116.7 million, which consisted of 3 commercial paper securities and 19 corporate notes securities. The aggregate fair value of securities held by the Company in an unrealized loss position for greater than twelve months as of December 31, 2019 was $4.0 million, which consisted of 1 U.S. government agency security. The Company does not intend to sell and it is unlikely that the Company will be required to sell the above investments before recovery of their amortized cost bases, which may be maturity. The Company determined there was no material change in the credit risk of the above investments, and as a result, the Company determined it did not hold any investments with an other-than-temporary impairment as of December 31, 2020 and 2019. The Company reviews its portfolio of available-for-sale debt securities, using both quantitative and qualitative factors, to determine if declines in fair value below cost have resulted from a credit-related loss or other factors. If the decline in fair value is due to credit-related factors, a loss is recognized in net income, whereas if the decline in fair value is not due to credit-related factors, the loss is recorded in other comprehensive income (loss). The following table summarizes the available for sale securities held at December 31, 2020 (in thousands): Description Amortized Cost Unrealized Gains Unrealized Losses Fair Value Commercial paper $ 158,907 $ 14 $ (8 ) $ 158,913 Corporate notes 33,437 3 (7 ) 33,433 U.S. government agency securities and U.S. Treasuries 13,044 1 — 13,045 Total $ 205,388 $ 18 $ (15 ) $ 205,391 The following table summarizes the available for sale securities held at December 31, 2019 (in thousands): Description Amortized Cost Unrealized Gains Unrealized Losses Fair Value Commercial paper $ 96,952 $ 27 $ (16 ) $ 96,963 Corporate notes 140,634 49 (41 ) 140,642 U.S. government agency securities and U.S. Treasuries 4,000 — — 4,000 Total $ 241,586 $ 76 $ (57 ) $ 241,605 At December 31, 2020 and 2019, the Company had no securities and 1 security in an unrealized loss position for greater than twelve months, respectively, which the Company concluded was not impaired. Certain short-term debt securities with original maturities of less than 90 days are included in cash and cash equivalents within the consolidated balance sheets and are not included in the tables above. All marketable securities held at December 31, 2020 have maturities of less than one year. The majority of marketable securities held at December 31, 2019 have maturities of less than one year, with the exception of one U.S. government agency security. The amortized cost of available-for-sale securities is adjusted for amortization of premiums and accretion of discounts to maturity. At December 31, 2020, the balance in the Company’s accumulated other comprehensive loss was composed mainly of activity related to the Company’s available-for-sale marketable securities. There were no realized gains or losses recognized on the sale or maturity of available-for-sale securities during the year ended December 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019, respectively, and as a result, the Company did not reclassify any amounts out of accumulated other comprehensive loss for the same period. Restricted Cash A reconciliation of cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash reported within the consolidated balance sheets that sum to the total of the same such amounts shown in the consolidated statements of cash flows, is as follows: December 31, 2020 2019 2018 (In thousands) Cash and cash equivalents $ 168,215 $ 139,482 $ 86,671 Restricted cash, as part of other assets 1,509 1,509 462 Total cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash shown in the consolidated statements of cash flows $ 169,724 $ 140,991 $ 87,133 The $1.5 million in restricted cash is comprised of $0.5 million in a letter of credit as a security deposit for the office and laboratory lease at Technology Square in Cambridge, Massachusetts and $1.0 million in a letter of credit as a security deposit for the Company’s office lease at Hampshire Street in Cambridge, Massachusetts. The Company has recorded cash held to secure these letters of credit as restricted cash in restricted cash and other assets on the consolidated balance sheet. The restricted cash is classified as non-current based on the related lease terms. Fair Value Measurements The FASB Codification Topic 820, Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures, Level 1 Quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities. Level 2 Observable inputs other than Level 1 prices, such as quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities; quoted prices in markets that are not active; or other inputs that are observable or can be corroborated by observable market data for substantially the full term of the assets or liabilities. Level 3 Unobservable inputs that are supported by little or no market activity and that are significant to the fair value of the assets or liabilities. The Company’s financial instruments as of December 31, 2020 and 2019 consisted primarily of cash and cash equivalents, marketable securities and accounts receivable and accounts payable. As of December 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019, the Company’s financial assets recognized at fair value consisted of the following: Fair Value as of December 31, 2020 Total Level 1 Level 2 Level 3 (In thousands) Cash equivalents $ 163,264 $ 113,505 $ 49,759 $ — Marketable securities: Commercial paper 158,913 — 158,913 — Corporate notes 33,433 — 33,433 — U.S. government agency securities and treasuries 13,045 — 13,045 — Total $ 368,655 $ 113,505 $ 255,150 $ — Fair Value as of December 31, 2019 Total Level 1 Level 2 Level 3 (In thousands) Cash equivalents $ 132,193 $ 124,419 $ 7,774 $ — Marketable securities: Commercial paper 96,963 — 96,963 — Corporate notes 140,642 — 140,642 — U.S. government agency securities and treasuries 4,000 — 4,000 — Total $ 373,798 $ 124,419 $ 249,379 $ — Cash equivalents and marketable securities have been initially valued at the transaction price and subsequently valued, at the end of each reporting period, utilizing third-party pricing services or other market observable data. The Company measures its cash equivalents at fair value on a recurring basis, which approximates the net asset value per share. The Company classifies some of its cash equivalents within Level 1 of the fair value hierarchy because they are valued using observable inputs that reflect quoted prices for identical assets in active markets. The Company measures its marketable securities at fair value on a recurring basis and classifies those instruments and some cash equivalents within Level 2 of the fair value hierarchy. The pricing services used by management utilize industry standard valuation models, including both income and market-based approaches and observable market inputs to determine the fair value of marketable securities and those cash equivalents classified within Level 2 of the fair value hierarchy. As of December 31, 20 20 , the fair value of the long-term debt, payable in installments through November 18, 202 6 , approximated its carrying value due to the proximity of the issuance of the Tranche D Loan date to December 31, 20 20 ( See Note 13, Long-Term Debt ) . Amortization of Debt Discount and Issuance Costs Long-term debt is initially recorded at its allocated proceeds, net of discounts and deferred costs. Debt discount and issuance costs, consisting of legal and other fees directly related to the debt, are offset against initial carrying value of the debt and are amortized to interest expense over the estimated life of the debt based on the effective interest method. Liability Related to Sale of Future Royalties The Company treats the liability related to sale of future royalties as a debt financing, as the Company has significant continuing involvement in the generation of the cash flows, to be amortized to interest expense using the effective interest rate method over the life of the related royalty stream. The liability related to sale of future royalties and the related interest expense are based on the Company’s current estimates of future royalties expected to be paid over the life of the arrangement. The Company will periodically assess the expected royalty payments using a combination of internal projections and forecasts from external sources. To the extent the Company’s future estimates of royalty payments are greater or less than previous estimates or the estimated timing of such payments is materially different than its previous estimates, the Company will prospectively recognize related non-cash interest expense. For further discussion of the sale of future royalties, refer to Note 12, Sale of Future Royalties Going Concern At each reporting period, the Company evaluates whether there are conditions or events that raise substantial doubt about the Company’s ability to continue as a going concern within one year after the date that the financial statements are issued. The Company is required to make certain additional disclosures if it concludes substantial doubt exists and it is not alleviated by the Company’s plans or when its plans alleviate substantial doubt about the Company’s ability to continue as a going concern. The Company’s evaluation entails analyzing prospective operating budgets and forecasts for expectations of the Company’s cash needs, and comparing those needs to its available cash, cash equivalents and marketable securities. The analysis for the year ended December 31, 2020 included consideration of the Company’s current cash needs, including its research and development plans, commercialization activities associated with the ongoing launch of TAZVERIK in the ES and FL indications, and its existing debt service obligations. The Company also evaluated its forecasted product revenues from sales of TAZVERIK. Such estimates of future sales contain significant judgement as TAZVERIK was recently launched and there is little or no history with which to base such estimates. The Company expects its available cash, cash equivalents and marketable securities will be sufficient to fund current planned operations and capital expenditure requirements for at least the next twelve months from the filing date of this Annual Report on Form 10-K with the SEC. As a result, the Company concluded that it did not identify conditions or events that raise substantial doubt about the Company’s ability to continue as a going concern within one year from the date these financial statements were issued. The Company’s current operating plan is based on assumptions that may prove to be wrong, and the Company could use its capital resources sooner than it expects. Accounts Receivable The Company extends credit to customers based on its evaluation of the customer’s financial condition. The Company records receivables for all billings when amounts are due under standard terms. Accounts receivable are stated at amounts due net of applicable prompt pay discounts and other contractual adjustments as well as an allowance for doubtful accounts. The Company assesses the need for an allowance for doubtful accounts by considering a number of factors, including the length of time trade accounts receivable are past due, the customer’s ability to pay its obligation and the condition of the general economy and the industry as a whole. The Company will write off accounts receivable when the Company determines that they are uncollectible. In general, the Company has experienced no significant collection issues with its customers. Concentration of Credit Risk Financial instruments that potentially subject the Company to concentrations of credit risk include cash, cash equivalents, marketable securities and accounts receivable. The Company attempts to minimize the risks related to cash, cash equivalents and marketable securities by working with highly rated financial institutions that invest in a broad and diverse range of financial instruments as defined by the Company. The Company has established guidelines relative to credit ratings and maturities intended to safeguard principal balances and maintain liquidity. The Company maintains its funds in accordance with its investment policy, which defines allowable investments, specifies credit quality standards and is designed to limit the Company’s credit exposure to any single issuer. Accounts receivable represent amounts due from customers and collaboration partners. The Company monitors economic conditions to identify facts or circumstances that may indicate that any of its accounts receivable are at risk of collection. For a further discussion of concentration of credit risk see Note 3, Product Revenue, Net . Property and Equipment The Company records property and equipment at cost. Property and equipment acquired under a capital lease is recorded at the lesser of the present value of the minimum lease payments under the capital lease or the fair value of the leased property at lease inception. The Company calculates depreciation and amortization using the straight-line method over the following estimated useful lives: Asset Category Useful Lives Laboratory equipment 3 - 6 years Computer and office equipment, and furniture 3 - 10 years Leasehold improvements 3 - 6 years or term of respective lease, if shorter Amortization of capital lease assets is included in depreciation expense. The Company capitalizes expenditures for new property and equipment and improvements to existing facilities and charges the cost of maintenance to expense. The Company eliminates the cost of property retired or otherwise disposed of, along with the corresponding accumulated depreciation, from the related accounts, and the resulting gain or loss is reflected in the results of operations. Impairment of Long-Lived Assets The Company reviews long-lived assets to be held and used, including property and equipment and intangible assets, for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of the assets or asset group may not be recoverable. Evaluation of recoverability is based on an estimate of undiscounted future cash flows resulting from the use of the asset or asset group and its eventual disposition. In the event that such cash flows are not expected to be sufficient to recover the carrying amount of the asset or asset group, the assets are written down to their estimated fair values. No such impairments were recorded during 2020, 2019 or 2018. Income Taxes The Company records deferred income taxes to recognize the effect of temporary differences between tax and financial statement reporting. The Company calculates the deferred taxes using enacted tax rates expected to be in place when the temporary differences are realized and records a valuation allowance to reduce deferred tax assets if it is determined that it is more likely than not that all or a portion of the deferred tax asset will not be realized. The Company considers many factors when assessing the likelihood of future realization of deferred tax assets, including recent earnings results, expectations of future taxable income, carryforward periods available and other relevant factors. The Company records changes in the required valuation allowance in the period that the determination is made. The Company assesses its income tax positions and records tax benefits for all years subject to examination based upon management’s evaluation of the facts, circumstances and information available as of the reporting date. For those tax positions where it is more likely than not that a tax benefit will be sustained, the Company records the largest amount of tax benefit with a greater than 50.0 % likelihood of being realized upon ultimate settlement with a taxing authority having full knowledge of all relevant information. For those income tax positions where it is not more likely than not that a tax benefit will be sustained, the Company does not recognize a tax benefit in the financial statements. The Company records interest and penalties related to uncertain tax positions, if applicable, as a component of income tax expense. Refer to Note 8 , Income Taxes , for additional information regarding the Company’s income taxes. Revenue Recognition – Collaboration Revenue Under ASC 606, Revenue from Contracts with Customers The Company has entered into collaboration and license agreements, which are within the scope of ASC 606, to discover, develop, manufacture and commercialize product candidates. The terms of these agreements typically contain multiple promises or obligations, which may include: (i) licenses, or options to obtain licenses, to compounds directed to specific targets (referred to as “exclusive licenses”) and (ii) research and development activities to be performed on behalf of the collaboration partner related to the licensed targets. Payments to the Company under these agreements may include non-refundable license fees, customer option exercise fees, payments for research activities, reimbursement of certain costs, payments based upon the achievement of certain milestones and royalties on any resulting net product sales. The Company first evaluates license and/or collaboration arrangements to determine whether the arrangement (or part of the arrangement) represents a collaborative arrangement pursuant to ASC Topic 808, Collaborative Arrangements, , which represent a collaborative relationship and not a customer relationship, Amounts received prior to revenue recognition are recorded as deferred revenue. Amounts expected to be recognized as revenue within the 12 months following the balance sheet date are classified as current portion of deferred revenue in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets. Amounts not expected to be recognized as revenue within the 12 months following the balance sheet date are classified as deferred revenue, net of current portion. Amounts recognized as revenue, but not yet received or invoiced are generally recognized as contract assets. Exclusive Licenses – If the license to the Company’s intellectual property is determined to be distinct from the other promises or performance obligations identified in the arrangement, which generally include research and development services, the Company recognizes revenue from non-refundable, upfront fees allocated to the license when the license is transferred to the customer and the customer is able to use and benefit from the license. In assessing whether a license is distinct from the other promises, the Company considers relevant facts and circumstances of each arrangement, including the research and development capabilities of the collaboration partner and the availability of the associated expertise in the general marketplace. In addition, the Company considers whether the collaboration partner can benefit from the license for its intended purpose without the receipt of the remaining promises, whether the value of the license is dependent on the unsatisfied promises, whether there are other vendors that could provide the remaining promises, and whether it is separately identifiable from the remaining promises. For licenses that are combined with other promises, the Company utilizes judgment to assess the nature of the combined performance obligation to determine whether the combined performance obligation is satisfied over time or at a point in time and, if over time, the appropriate method of measuring progress for purposes of recognizing revenue. The Company evaluates the measure of progress each reporting period and, if necessary, adjusts the measure of performance and related revenue recognition. The measure of progress, and thereby periods over which revenue should be recognized, are subject to estimates by management and may change over the course of the research and development and licensing agreement. Research and Development Services – The promises under the Company’s collaboration and license agreements generally include research and development services to be performed by the Company on behalf of the collaboration partner. For performance obligations that include research and development services, the Company generally recognizes revenue allocated to such performance obligations based on an appropriate measure of progress. The Company utilizes judgment to determine the appropriate method of measuring progress for purposes of recognizing revenue, which is generally an input measure such as costs incurred. The Company evaluates the measure of progress each reporting period as described under above. Reimbursements from the partner that are the result of a collaborative relationship with the partner, instead of a customer relationship, such as co-development activities, are recorded as a reduction to research and development expense. Customer Options – The Company’s arrangements may provide a collaborator with the right to select a target for licensing either at the inception of the arrangement or within an initial pre-defined selection period, which may, in certain cases, include the right of the collaborator to extend the selection period. Under these agreements, fees may be due to the Company (i) at the inception of the arrangement as an upfront fee or payment, (ii) upon the exercise of an option to acquire a license or (iii) upon extending the selection period as an extension fee or payment. If an arrangement is determined to contain customer options that allow the customer to acquire additional goods or services, the goods and services underlying the customer options are not considered to be performance obligations at the outset of the arrangement, as they are contingent upon option exercise. The Company evaluates the customer options for material rights, or options to acquire additional goods or services for free or at a discount. If the customer options are determined to represent a material right, the material right is recognized as a separate performance obligation at the inception of the arrangement. The Company allocates the transaction price to material rights based on the relative stand-alone selling price, which is determined based on the identified discount and the probability that the customer will exercise the option. Amounts allocated to a material right are not recognized as revenue until, at the earliest, the option is exercised or expires. Milestone Payments – At the inception of each arrangement that includes development milestone payments, the Company evaluates whether the milestones are considered probable of being achieved and estimates the amount to be included in the transaction price using the most likely amount method. If it is probable that a significant revenue reversal would not occur, the associated milestone value is included in the transaction price. Milestone payments that are not within the control of the Company or the licensee, such as regulatory approvals, are not considered probable of being achieved until those approvals are received. The Company evaluates factors such as the scientific, clinical, regulatory, commercial, and other risks that must be overcome to achieve the particular milestone in making this assessment. There is considerable judgment involved in determining whether it is probable that a significant revenue reversal would not occur. At the end of each subsequent reporting period, the Company reevaluates the probability of achievement of all milestones subject to constraint and, if necessary, adjusts its estimate of the overall transaction price. Any such adjustments are recorded on a cumulative catch-up basis, which would affect revenues and earnings in the period of adjustment. If a milestone or other variable consideration relates specifically to the Company’s efforts to satisfy a single performance obligation or to a specific outcome from satisfying the performance obligation, the Company generally allocates the milestone amount entirely to that performance obligation once it is probable that a significant revenue reversal would not occur. Royalties – For arrangements that include sales-based royalties, including milestone payments based on a level of sales, and the license is deemed to be the predominant item to which the royalties relate, the Company recognizes revenue at the later of (i) when the related sales occur or (ii) when the performance obligation to which some or all of the royalty has been allocated has been satisfied (or partially satisfied). To date, the Company has not recognized any royalty revenue resulting from any of its licensing arrangements. For a complete discussion of accounting for collaboration revenues, see Note 11, Collaborations Revenue Recognition – Product Revenue The Company recognizes revenue when a customer obtains control of promised goods or services, in an amount that reflects the consideration which the Company expects to receive in exchange for those goods or services. To determine revenue recognition, the Company performs the following five steps: (i) identify the contract(s) with a customer; (ii) identify the performance obligations in the contract; (iii) determine the transaction price; (iv) allocate the transaction price to the performance obligations in the contract; and (v) recognize revenue when (or as) the Company satisfies a performance obligation. The Company only applies the five-step model to contracts when it is probable that the Company will collect the consideration it is entitled to in exchange for the goods or services it transfers to the customer. For a further discussion of accounting for net product revenue see Note 3, Product Revenue, Net Research and Development Expenses Research and development expenses are expensed as incurred. Research and development expenses are comprised of costs incurred in providing research and development activities, including salaries and benefits, facilities costs, overhead costs, contract research and development services, and other outside costs. Nonrefundable advance payments for goods and services that will be used in future research and development activities are expensed when the activity has been performed or when the goods have been received rather than when the payment is made. External research and development expenses associated with the Company’s programs include clinical trial site costs, clinical manufacturing costs, costs incurred for consultants and other outside services, such as data management and statistical analysis support, and materials and supplies used in support of the clinical and preclinical programs. Internal costs of the Company’s clinical programs include salaries, stock-based compensation, and the portion of the Company’s facility costs allocated to research and development expense. When vendors billing terms do not coincide with the Company’s period-end, the Company is required to make estimates of its obligations to those vendors, including clinical trial and pharmaceutical development costs, contractual services costs and costs for supply of its product candidates incurred in a given accounting period and record accruals at the end of the period. The Company bases its estimates on its knowledge of the research and development programs, services performed for the period, past history for related activities and the expected duration of the vendor service contract, where applicable. The Company generally accrues expenses related to research and development activities based on the services received and efforts expended pursuant to contracts with multiple contract research organizations that conduct and manage clinical trials, as well as other vendors that provide research and development services. Payments for these activities are based on the terms of the individual arrangements and may result in payment terms that differ from the pattern of costs incurred. There may be instances in which payments made to vendors will exceed the level of services provided and result in a prepayment of the clinical expense. Payments under some of these contracts depend on factors such as the successful enrollment of subjects and the completion of clinical trial milestones. In accruing service fees, the Company estimates the time period over which services will be performed and the level of effort to be expended in each period. If the actual timing of the performance of services or the level of effort varies from estimates, the Company would adjust the accrual or prepaid accordingly in future periods. Stock-Based Compensation The Company measures employee and non-employee stock-based compensation based on the grant date fair value of the stock-based compensation award. The Company grants stock options at exercise prices equal to the fair value of the Company’s common stock on the date of grant, based on observable marke |