Credit Loss Allowance and Credit Quality | 640 15.4% 15.1% (a) No FICO score is obtained on loans to commercial borrowers. (b) Percentages are based on unpaid principal balance. Commercial Lending — The Company's risk department performs a credit analysis and classifies certain loans over an internal threshold based on the commercial lending classifications described in Note 4 of the 2017 Annual Report on Form 10-K. Fleet loan credit quality indicators for retail installment contracts held for investment with commercial borrowers as of June 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017 were as follows: June 30, December 31, Pass $ 9,974 $ 12,276 Special Mention 4,265 5,324 Substandard 434 715 Doubtful — — Loss — — Total (Unpaid principal balance) $ 14,673 $ 18,315 Commercial loan credit quality indicators for receivables from dealers held for investment as of June 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017 were as follows: June 30, December 31, Pass $ 15,167 $ 14,130 Special Mention 33 1,657 Substandard — — Doubtful — — Loss — — Total (Unpaid principal balance) $ 15,200 $ 15,787 Troubled Debt Restructurings In certain circumstances, the Company modifies the terms of its finance receivables to troubled borrowers. Modifications may include a temporary reduction in monthly payment, reduction in interest rate, an extension of the maturity date, rescheduling of future cash flows, or a combination thereof. A modification of finance receivable terms is considered a TDR if the Company grants a concession to a borrower for economic or legal reasons related to the debtor’s financial difficulties that would not otherwise have been considered. Management considers TDRs to include all individually acquired retail installment contracts that have been modified at least once, deferred for a period of 90 days or more, or deferred at least twice. Additionally, restructurings through bankruptcy proceedings are deemed to be TDRs. The purchased receivables portfolio, operating and capital leases, and loans held for sale, including personal loans, are excluded from the scope of the applicable guidance. The Company's TDR balance as of June 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017 primarily consisted of loans that had been deferred or modified to receive a temporary reduction in monthly payment. As of June 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017 , there were no receivables from dealers classified as a TDR. For loans not classified as TDRs, the Company generally estimates an appropriate allowance for credit losses based on delinquency status, the Company’s historical loss experience, estimated values of underlying collateral, and various economic factors. Once a loan has been classified as a TDR, it is generally assessed for impairment based on the present value of expected future cash flows discounted at the loan's original effective interest rate considering all available evidence. For loans that are considered collateral-dependent, such as certain bankruptcy modifications, impairment is measured based on the fair value of the collateral, less its estimated cost to sell. The table below presents the Company’s TDRs as of June 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017 : June 30, December 31, 2017 Retail Installment Contracts Outstanding recorded investment (a) $ 5,932,209 $ 6,261,432 Impairment (1,496,580 ) (1,731,320 ) Outstanding recorded investment, net of impairment $ 4,435,629 $ 4,530,112 (a) As of June 30, 2018 , the outstanding recorded investment excludes $78.3 million of collateral-dependent bankruptcy TDRs that has been written down by $33.2 million to fair value less cost to sell. As of December 31, 2017 , the outstanding recorded investment excludes $64.7 million of collateral-dependent bankruptcy TDRs that has been written down by $29.2 million to fair value less cost to sell. A summary of the Company’s delinquent TDRs at June 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017 , is as follows: June 30, December 31, 2017 Retail Installment Contracts (a) Principal, 30-59 days past due $ 1,202,120 $ 1,332,239 Delinquent principal over 59 days 599,760 818,938 Total delinquent TDR principal $ 1,801,880 $ 2,151,177 (a) The balances in the above table reflects total unpaid principal balance rather than net recorded investment before allowance. A summary of the Company’s TDRs that were placed on nonaccrual status at June 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017 , is as follows: June 30, December 31, 2017 Retail Installment Contracts (a) TDRs on cost recovery method (b) $ 1,161,487 $ 790,461 TDRs on cash basis accounting 393,373 599,912 Total nonaccrual TDR principal $ 1,554,860 $ 1,390,373 (a) The balances in the above table reflects total unpaid principal balance rather than net recorded investment before allowance. (b) Out of the total TDRs on cost recovery method, $1,022,007 and $652,679 of TDRs were less than 60 days past due as of June 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017 , respectively. The Company applied $142,523 and $56,740 of interest received, on these loans, towards recorded investment (as compared to interest income), in accordance with cost recovery method as of June 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017 , respectively. Average recorded investment and income recognized on TDR loans are as follows: Three Months Ended June 30, 2018 June 30, 2017 Retail Installment Contracts Average outstanding recorded investment in TDRs $ 5,978,346 $ 5,860,748 Interest income recognized $ 202,788 $ 224,810 Six Months Ended June 30, 2018 June 30, 2017 Retail Installment Contracts Average outstanding recorded investment in TDRs $ 6,084,560 $ 5,786,429 Interest income recognized $ 443,999 $ 485,162 The following table summarizes the financial effects, excluding impacts related to credit loss allowance and impairment, of TDRs (including collateral-dependent bankruptcy TDRs) that occurred for the three and six months ended June 30, 2018 and 2017 : Three Months Ended June 30, 2018 June 30, 2017 Retail Installment Contracts Outstanding recorded investment before TDR $ 723,925 $ 773,629 Outstanding recorded investment after TDR $ 725,438 $ 787,278 Number of contracts (not in thousands) 43,265 44,598 Six Months Ended June 30, 2018 June 30, 2017 Retail Installment Contracts Outstanding recorded investment before TDR $ 1,308,373 $ 1,655,328 Outstanding recorded investment after TDR $ 1,308,102 $ 1,653,556 Number of contracts (not in thousands) 77,639 94,097 Loan restructurings accounted for as TDRs within the previous twelve months that subsequently defaulted during the three and six months ended June 30, 2018 and 2017 are summarized in the following table: Three Months Ended June 30, 2018 June 30, 2017 Retail Installment Contracts Recorded investment in TDRs that subsequently defaulted (a) $ 144,561 $ 190,467 Number of contracts (not in thousands) 8,707 10,622 Six Months Ended June 30, 2018 June 30, 2017 Retail Installment Contracts Recorded investment in TDRs that subsequently defaulted (a) $ 339,826 $ 402,164 Number of contracts (not in thousands) 20,247 22,516 (a) For TDR modifications and TDR modifications that subsequently defaults, the allowance methodology remains unchanged; however, the transition rates of the TDR loans are adjusted to reflect the respective risks." id="sjs-B4">Credit Loss Allowance and Credit Quality Credit Loss Allowance The Company estimates the allowance for credit losses on individually acquired retail installment contracts and personal loans held for investment not classified as TDRs based on delinquency status, historical loss experience, estimated values of underlying collateral, when applicable, and various economic factors. In developing the allowance, the Company utilizes a loss emergence period assumption, a loss given default assumption applied to recorded investment, and a probability of default assumption. The loss emergence period assumption represents the average length of time between when a loss event is first estimated to have occurred and when the account is charged-off. The recorded investment represents unpaid principal balance adjusted for unaccreted net discounts, subvention from manufacturers, and origination costs. Under this approach, the resulting allowance represents the expected net losses of recorded investment inherent in the portfolio. The Company uses a transition based Markov model for estimating the allowance for credit losses on individually acquired retail installment contracts. This model utilizes the recently observed loan transition rates from various loan statuses, including delinquency and accounting statuses from performing to charge off, to forecast future losses. For loans classified as TDRs, impairment is generally measured based on the present value of expected future cash flows discounted at the original effective interest rate. For loans that are considered collateral-dependent, such as certain bankruptcy modifications, impairment is measured based on the fair value of the collateral, less its estimated cost to sell. The amount of the allowance is equal to the difference between the loan’s impaired value and the recorded investment. The Company maintains a general credit loss allowance for receivables from dealers based on risk ratings and individually evaluates loans for specific impairment as necessary. As of June 30, 2018 and 2017 , the credit loss allowance for receivables from dealers is comprised entirely of general allowance as none of these receivables have been determined to be individually impaired. The activity in the credit loss allowance for individually acquired retail installment contracts and Dealer Loans for the three and six months ended June 30, 2018 and 2017 was as follows: Three Months Ended June 30, 2018 Three Months Ended June 30, 2017 Retail Installment Contracts Acquired Individually Receivables from Dealers Personal Loans Retail Installment Contracts Acquired Individually Receivables from Dealers Personal Loans Non-TDR TDR Non-TDR TDR Balance — beginning of period $ 1,586,557 $ 1,595,465 $ 161 $ 1,714 $ 1,836,730 $ 1,604,489 $ 734 $ 4,517 Provision for credit losses 242,286 112,144 (3 ) (83 ) 172,990 345,380 (21 ) 1,166 Charge-offs (a) (584,296 ) (427,079 ) — (695 ) (654,613 ) (457,102 ) — (1,586 ) Recoveries 396,667 216,050 — 180 405,702 193,392 — 265 Balance — end of period $ 1,641,214 $ 1,496,580 $ 158 $ 1,116 $ 1,760,809 $ 1,686,159 $ 713 $ 4,362 (a) For the three months ended June 30, 2018 and June 30, 2017 , charge-offs for retail installment contracts acquired individually includes approximately $7 million and $25 million , respectively, for the partial write-down of loans to the collateral value less estimated costs to sell, for which a bankruptcy notice was received. There is no additional credit loss allowance on these loans. Six Months Ended June 30, 2018 Six Months Ended June 30, 2017 Retail Installment Contracts Acquired Individually Receivables from Dealers Personal Loans Retail Installment Contracts Acquired Individually Receivables Personal Loans Non-TDR TDR Non-TDR TDR Balance — beginning of period $ 1,529,815 $ 1,731,320 $ 164 $ 2,565 $ 1,799,760 $ 1,611,295 $ 724 $ — Provision for credit losses 553,007 260,102 (6 ) (185 ) 515,082 632,385 (11 ) 9,141 Charge-offs (a) (1,263,735 ) (946,661 ) — (1,763 ) (1,388,767 ) (947,645 ) — (5,218 ) Recoveries 822,127 451,819 — 499 834,734 390,124 — 439 Balance — end of period $ 1,641,214 $ 1,496,580 $ 158 $ 1,116 $ 1,760,809 $ 1,686,159 $ 713 $ 4,362 (a) For the six months ended June 30, 2018 and June 30, 2017 , charge-offs for retail installment contracts acquired individually includes approximately $14 million and $48 million , respectively, for the partial write-down of loans to the collateral value less estimated costs to sell, for which a bankruptcy notice was received. There is no additional credit loss allowance on these loans. The Company estimates lease losses on the capital lease receivable portfolio based on delinquency status and loss experience to date, as well as various economic factors. The activity in the lease loss allowance for capital leases for the three and six months ended June 30, 2018 and 2017 was as follows: Three Months Ended Six Months Ended 2018 2017 2018 2017 Balance — beginning of period $ 5,757 $ 6,605 $ 5,642 $ 9,988 Provision for lease losses (1,769 ) 1,040 (1,348 ) (1,029 ) Charge-offs (1,760 ) (3,081 ) (3,141 ) (6,760 ) Recoveries 1,354 1,803 2,429 4,168 Balance — end of period $ 3,582 $ 6,367 $ 3,582 $ 6,367 There was no impairment activity noted for purchased receivable portfolio for the three and six months ended June 30, 2018 and June 30, 2017 . Delinquencies Retail installment contracts and personal amortizing term loans are classified as non-performing (or nonaccrual) when they are greater than 60 days past due as to contractual principal or interest payments. See discussion of TDR under the "Troubled Debt Restructurings" section below. Dealer receivables are classified as non-performing when they are greater than 90 days past due. At the time a loan is placed in non-performing (nonaccrual) status, previously accrued and uncollected interest is reversed against interest income. If an account is returned to a performing (accrual) status, the Company returns to accruing interest on the loan. The Company considers an account delinquent when an obligor fails to pay the required minimum portion of the scheduled payment by the due date. With respect to receivables originated by the Company through its “Chrysler Capital” channel, the required minimum payment is 90% of the scheduled payment. With respect to receivables originated by the Company or acquired by the Company from an unaffiliated third-party originator on or after January 1, 2017, the required minimum payment is 90% of the scheduled payment, whereas previous to January 1, 2017 the required minimum payment was 50% of the scheduled payment. In each case, the period of delinquency is based on the number of days payments are contractually past due. The accrual of interest on personal loans continues until the loan is charged off. The unpaid principal balance on personal loans (including revolving personal loans) 90 days or more past due and still accruing totaled $117,815 and $130,034 as of June 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017 , respectively. A summary of delinquencies as of June 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017 is as follows: June 30, 2018 Retail Installment Contracts Held for Investment Loans Acquired Individually Purchased Receivables Portfolios Total Principal, 30-59 days past due $ 2,532,058 $ 3,108 $ 2,535,166 Delinquent principal over 59 days (a) 1,149,429 1,981 1,151,410 Total delinquent principal $ 3,681,487 $ 5,089 $ 3,686,576 December 31, 2017 Retail Installment Contracts Held for Investment Loans Acquired Individually Purchased Receivables Portfolios Total Principal, 30-59 days past due $ 2,822,686 $ 4,992 $ 2,827,678 Delinquent principal over 59 days (a) 1,541,728 2,855 1,544,583 Total delinquent principal $ 4,364,414 $ 7,847 $ 4,372,261 (a) Interest is generally accrued until 60 days past due in accordance with the Company's accounting policy for retail installment contracts. In addition, retail installment contracts acquired individually held for investment that were placed on nonaccrual status, as of June 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017 : June 30, 2018 December 31, 2017 Amount Percent (a) Amount Percent (a) Non-TDR $ 505,399 1.8 % $ 666,926 2.6 % TDR 1,554,860 5.7 % 1,390,373 5.4 % Total nonaccrual principal $ 2,060,259 7.5 % $ 2,057,299 7.9 % (a) Percent of unpaid principal balance of retail installment contracts individually held for investment. The balances in the above tables reflect total unpaid principal balance rather than net recorded investment before allowance. As of June 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017 , there were no receivables from dealers that were 30 days or more delinquent. As of June 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017 , there were $482 and $1,701 , respectively, of retail installment contracts held for sale that were 30 days or more delinquent. Credit Quality Indicators FICO ® Distribution — A summary of the credit risk profile of the Company’s retail installment contracts held for investment by FICO ® distribution, determined at origination, as of June 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017 was as follows: FICO ® Band June 30, 2018 (b) December 31, 2017 (b) Commercial (a) 1.9% 2.5% No-FICOs 11.3% 11.2% <540 21.0% 21.8% 540-599 32.6% 32.0% 600-639 17.8% 17.4% >640 15.4% 15.1% (a) No FICO score is obtained on loans to commercial borrowers. (b) Percentages are based on unpaid principal balance. Commercial Lending — The Company's risk department performs a credit analysis and classifies certain loans over an internal threshold based on the commercial lending classifications described in Note 4 of the 2017 Annual Report on Form 10-K. Fleet loan credit quality indicators for retail installment contracts held for investment with commercial borrowers as of June 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017 were as follows: June 30, December 31, Pass $ 9,974 $ 12,276 Special Mention 4,265 5,324 Substandard 434 715 Doubtful — — Loss — — Total (Unpaid principal balance) $ 14,673 $ 18,315 Commercial loan credit quality indicators for receivables from dealers held for investment as of June 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017 were as follows: June 30, December 31, Pass $ 15,167 $ 14,130 Special Mention 33 1,657 Substandard — — Doubtful — — Loss — — Total (Unpaid principal balance) $ 15,200 $ 15,787 Troubled Debt Restructurings In certain circumstances, the Company modifies the terms of its finance receivables to troubled borrowers. Modifications may include a temporary reduction in monthly payment, reduction in interest rate, an extension of the maturity date, rescheduling of future cash flows, or a combination thereof. A modification of finance receivable terms is considered a TDR if the Company grants a concession to a borrower for economic or legal reasons related to the debtor’s financial difficulties that would not otherwise have been considered. Management considers TDRs to include all individually acquired retail installment contracts that have been modified at least once, deferred for a period of 90 days or more, or deferred at least twice. Additionally, restructurings through bankruptcy proceedings are deemed to be TDRs. The purchased receivables portfolio, operating and capital leases, and loans held for sale, including personal loans, are excluded from the scope of the applicable guidance. The Company's TDR balance as of June 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017 primarily consisted of loans that had been deferred or modified to receive a temporary reduction in monthly payment. As of June 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017 , there were no receivables from dealers classified as a TDR. For loans not classified as TDRs, the Company generally estimates an appropriate allowance for credit losses based on delinquency status, the Company’s historical loss experience, estimated values of underlying collateral, and various economic factors. Once a loan has been classified as a TDR, it is generally assessed for impairment based on the present value of expected future cash flows discounted at the loan's original effective interest rate considering all available evidence. For loans that are considered collateral-dependent, such as certain bankruptcy modifications, impairment is measured based on the fair value of the collateral, less its estimated cost to sell. The table below presents the Company’s TDRs as of June 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017 : June 30, December 31, 2017 Retail Installment Contracts Outstanding recorded investment (a) $ 5,932,209 $ 6,261,432 Impairment (1,496,580 ) (1,731,320 ) Outstanding recorded investment, net of impairment $ 4,435,629 $ 4,530,112 (a) As of June 30, 2018 , the outstanding recorded investment excludes $78.3 million of collateral-dependent bankruptcy TDRs that has been written down by $33.2 million to fair value less cost to sell. As of December 31, 2017 , the outstanding recorded investment excludes $64.7 million of collateral-dependent bankruptcy TDRs that has been written down by $29.2 million to fair value less cost to sell. A summary of the Company’s delinquent TDRs at June 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017 , is as follows: June 30, December 31, 2017 Retail Installment Contracts (a) Principal, 30-59 days past due $ 1,202,120 $ 1,332,239 Delinquent principal over 59 days 599,760 818,938 Total delinquent TDR principal $ 1,801,880 $ 2,151,177 (a) The balances in the above table reflects total unpaid principal balance rather than net recorded investment before allowance. A summary of the Company’s TDRs that were placed on nonaccrual status at June 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017 , is as follows: June 30, December 31, 2017 Retail Installment Contracts (a) TDRs on cost recovery method (b) $ 1,161,487 $ 790,461 TDRs on cash basis accounting 393,373 599,912 Total nonaccrual TDR principal $ 1,554,860 $ 1,390,373 (a) The balances in the above table reflects total unpaid principal balance rather than net recorded investment before allowance. (b) Out of the total TDRs on cost recovery method, $1,022,007 and $652,679 of TDRs were less than 60 days past due as of June 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017 , respectively. The Company applied $142,523 and $56,740 of interest received, on these loans, towards recorded investment (as compared to interest income), in accordance with cost recovery method as of June 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017 , respectively. Average recorded investment and income recognized on TDR loans are as follows: Three Months Ended June 30, 2018 June 30, 2017 Retail Installment Contracts Average outstanding recorded investment in TDRs $ 5,978,346 $ 5,860,748 Interest income recognized $ 202,788 $ 224,810 Six Months Ended June 30, 2018 June 30, 2017 Retail Installment Contracts Average outstanding recorded investment in TDRs $ 6,084,560 $ 5,786,429 Interest income recognized $ 443,999 $ 485,162 The following table summarizes the financial effects, excluding impacts related to credit loss allowance and impairment, of TDRs (including collateral-dependent bankruptcy TDRs) that occurred for the three and six months ended June 30, 2018 and 2017 : Three Months Ended June 30, 2018 June 30, 2017 Retail Installment Contracts Outstanding recorded investment before TDR $ 723,925 $ 773,629 Outstanding recorded investment after TDR $ 725,438 $ 787,278 Number of contracts (not in thousands) 43,265 44,598 Six Months Ended June 30, 2018 June 30, 2017 Retail Installment Contracts Outstanding recorded investment before TDR $ 1,308,373 $ 1,655,328 Outstanding recorded investment after TDR $ 1,308,102 $ 1,653,556 Number of contracts (not in thousands) 77,639 94,097 Loan restructurings accounted for as TDRs within the previous twelve months that subsequently defaulted during the three and six months ended June 30, 2018 and 2017 are summarized in the following table: Three Months Ended June 30, 2018 June 30, 2017 Retail Installment Contracts Recorded investment in TDRs that subsequently defaulted (a) $ 144,561 $ 190,467 Number of contracts (not in thousands) 8,707 10,622 Six Months Ended June 30, 2018 June 30, 2017 Retail Installment Contracts Recorded investment in TDRs that subsequently defaulted (a) $ 339,826 $ 402,164 Number of contracts (not in thousands) 20,247 22,516 (a) For TDR modifications and TDR modifications that subsequently defaults, the allowance methodology remains unchanged; however, the transition rates of the TDR loans are adjusted to reflect the respective risks. |