Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (Policies) | 12 Months Ended |
Dec. 31, 2014 |
Accounting Policies [Abstract] | |
Basis of Presentation | Basis of Presentation |
|
The consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with U.S. Generally Accepted Accounting Principles (“GAAP”) and include the accounts of LGI Homes, Inc. and all of its subsidiaries subsequent to November 13, 2013, the closing date for the Reorganization Transactions and the IPO. All intercompany balances and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation. |
|
For the periods prior to the Reorganization Transactions, the accompanying consolidated financial statements include the accounts of LGI Homes, Inc. and the results of operations since the date of its formation, July 9, 2013, and the Predecessor's historical combined accounts and results of operations for January 1, 2012 to November 13, 2013. All intercompany balances and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation and all intracompany balances and transactions have been eliminated in combination. |
Use of Estimates | Use of Estimates |
|
The preparation of financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from those estimates, and these differences could have a significant impact on the financial statements. The significant accounting estimates include real estate inventory and cost of sales, impairment of real estate inventory and property and equipment, warranty reserves, earnout contingent consideration, the fair value of the convertible debt, and loss contingencies. |
Cash and Cash Equivalents and Concentration of Credit Risk | Cash and Cash Equivalents and Concentration of Credit Risk |
|
Cash and cash equivalents are defined as cash on hand, demand deposits with financial institutions, and short-term liquid investments with an initial maturity date of less than three months. The Company’s cash in demand deposit accounts may exceed federally insured limits and could be negatively impacted if the underlying financial institutions fail or are subject to other adverse conditions in the financial markets. To date, the Company has experienced no loss or diminished access to cash in their demand deposit accounts. |
Accounts Receivable | Accounts Receivable |
|
Accounts receivable consist primarily of proceeds due from title companies for sales closed prior to period end and are generally collected within a few days from closing. |
Real Estate Inventory | Real Estate Inventory |
|
Inventory consists of land, land under development, finished lots, sales offices, homes in progress, and completed homes. Inventory is stated at cost unless the carrying amount is determined not to be recoverable, in which case the affected inventory is written down to fair value. |
|
Land, development and other project costs, including interest and property taxes incurred during development and home construction and net of expected reimbursements of development costs, are capitalized to real estate inventory. Land development and other common costs that benefit the entire community, including field construction supervision and related direct overhead, are allocated to individual lots or homes, as appropriate. The costs of lots are transferred to homes in progress when home construction begins. Home construction costs and related carrying charges are allocated to the cost of individual homes using the specific identification method. Costs that are not specifically identifiable to a home are allocated on a pro rata basis using either the lot size or relative sales value. Inventory costs for completed homes are expensed to cost of sales as homes are sold. Changes to estimated total development costs subsequent to initial home closings in a community are generally allocated to the remaining unsold lots and homes in the community on a pro rata basis. |
|
The life cycle of a community generally ranges from two to five years, commencing with the acquisition of land, continuing through the land development phase, and concluding with the construction and sale of homes. A constructed home is used as the community sales office during the life of the community and then sold. Actual individual community lives will vary based on the size of the community, the sales absorption rate, and whether the property was purchased as raw land or finished lots. |
|
In accordance with the ASC Topic 360, Property, Plant, and Equipment, real estate inventory is evaluated for indicators of impairment by each community during each reporting period. In conducting its review for indicators of impairment on a community level, management evaluates, among other things, the margins on homes that have been sold, communities with slow moving inventory, projected margins on future home sales over the life of the community, and the estimated fair value of the land. For individual communities with indicators of impairment, additional analysis is performed to estimate the community’s undiscounted future cash flows. If the estimated undiscounted future cash flows are greater than the carrying value of the community group of assets, no impairment adjustment is required. If the undiscounted cash flows are less than the community’s carrying value, the asset group is impaired and is written down to its fair value. The Company estimates the fair value of communities using a discounted cash flow model. As of December 31, 2014 and 2013, the real estate inventory is stated at cost; there were no inventory impairment charges recorded during the years ended December 31, 2014, 2013 and 2012. |
Capitalized Interest | Capitalized Interest |
|
Interest and other financing costs are capitalized as cost of inventory during community development and home construction activities, in accordance with ASC Topic 835, Interest and expensed in cost of sales as homes in the community are sold. To the extent the debt exceeds qualified assets, a portion of the interest incurred is expensed. |
Pre-Acquisition Costs and Deposits | Pre-Acquisition Costs and Deposits |
|
Amounts paid for land options, deposits on land purchase contracts, and other pre-acquisition costs are capitalized and classified as deposits to purchase. Upon execution of the purchase, these deposits are applied to the acquisition price of the land and recorded as a cost component of the land in real estate inventory. To the extent that any deposits are nonrefundable and the associated land acquisition process is terminated or no longer determined probable, the deposit and related pre-acquisition costs are charged to general and administrative expense. Management reviews the likelihood of the acquisition of contracted lots in conjunction with its periodic real estate impairment analysis. |
|
Under ASC Topic 810, Consolidation (“ASC 810”), a nonrefundable deposit paid to an entity is deemed to be a variable interest that will absorb some or all of the entity's expected losses if they occur. Non-refundable land purchase and lot option deposits generally represent the Company's maximum exposure if it elects not to purchase the optioned property. In some instances, the Company may also expend funds for due diligence, development and construction activities with respect to optioned land prior to close. Such costs are classified as preacquisition costs, which the Company would have to absorb should the option not be exercised. Therefore, whenever the Company enters into a land option or purchase contract with an entity and makes a nonrefundable deposit, it may have a variable interest in a variable interest entity (“VIE”). In accordance with ASC 810, the Company performs ongoing reassessments of whether it is the primary beneficiary of a VIE and would consolidate the VIE if the Company is deemed to be the primary beneficiary. As of December 31, 2014 and December 31, 2013, the Company was not deemed to be the primary beneficiary for any VIEs associated with non-refundable land deposit and option contracts. |
Deferred Loan Costs | Deferred Loan Costs |
|
Deferred loan costs represent debt issuance costs and, depending on the nature and purpose of the loan, are capitalized to real estate inventory or amortized to interest expense using the straight-line method which approximates the effective interest method. |
Property and Equipment | Property and Equipment |
|
Property, equipment and leasehold improvements are stated at cost, less accumulated depreciation. Depreciation expense is recorded in general and administrative expenses. Upon sale or retirement, the costs and related accumulated depreciation are eliminated from the respective accounts and any resulting gain or loss is included in other income, net. Depreciation is generally computed using the straight-line method over the estimated useful lives of the assets, ranging from 2 to 5 years for property and equipment. Leasehold improvements are depreciated over the shorter of the asset life or the term of the lease. Maintenance and repair costs are expensed as incurred. |
|
Impairments of long-lived assets are determined periodically when indicators of impairment are present. If such indicators are present, the determination of the amount of impairment is based on judgments as to the future undiscounted operating cash flows to be generated from these assets throughout the remaining estimated useful lives. If these undiscounted cash flows are less than the carrying amount of the related asset, impairment is recognized for the excess of the carrying value over its fair value. There were no impairments of property, equipment and leasehold improvements recorded during the years ended December 31, 2014, 2013 and 2012. |
Investments in Joint Ventures and Unconsolidated Variable Interest Entities (VIEs) | Investments in Joint Ventures and Unconsolidated Variable Interest Entities (VIEs) |
|
The Predecessor functioned as the managing member of several joint ventures conducting homebuilding activities; these joint ventures became wholly-owned subsidiaries of the Company as a result of the Reorganization Transactions and the GTIS Acquisitions. |
|
In accordance with ASC 810, management had assessed whether these entities were VIEs. The Predecessor had variable interests in the joint venture arrangements that it managed, and these joint ventures were determined to be VIEs because the members of the joint ventures, as a group, had insufficient equity at risk without further capital contributions. The Predecessor’s rights as well as the rights held by the other joint venture members had been evaluated to determine the primary beneficiary of the VIE, including the extent of substantive participating rights and control of activities that most significantly affected its economic performance. Such activities included, but were not limited to, the ability to determine the budget and scope of land development work, if any; the ability to control financing decisions for the VIE; and the ability to acquire additional land into the VIE. If the Predecessor was not able to control the significant decisions, the Predecessor was not considered the primary beneficiary of the VIE. If the Predecessor was determined to be the primary beneficiary of the VIE, the entity was consolidated in the Predecessor's financial statements. |
|
The Predecessor had investments in four joint ventures where the Predecessor and the other joint venture members were deemed to have joint control and the Predecessor was not the primary beneficiary since all major decisions required both parties’ consent. Accordingly, the Predecessor’s interests in these joint ventures were accounted for using the equity method and its share of the joint ventures’ net earnings was included in income from unconsolidated joint ventures and investments in unconsolidated joint ventures. Distributions received were credited against the related investment in the joint venture. |
|
In addition, the Predecessor had interests in two VIE’s (LGI Homes – Sterling Lakes, LLC and LGI Fund III Holdings, LLC) where it had been determined that the Predecessor was the primary beneficiary. In addition to the Predecessor serving as the managing member of these entities, the Family Principals of the Predecessor also held the general partner controlling interests in the non-managing members of the VIEs. As a result, the Predecessor combined with the Family Principals’ related party interests had the power to direct all significant activities of the VIEs, and had exposure to the risks and rewards of the VIEs, based on the division of income and loss pursuant to the joint venture agreement and the Predecessor’s ownership in the joint ventures. These two VIEs are consolidated in the accompanying consolidated financial statements. |
|
Management evaluated the Company’s investments in unconsolidated entities for indicators of impairment during each reporting period. No impairment charges were recorded related to investments in unconsolidated entities during the periods presented. |
Goodwill and Intangible Assets | Goodwill and Intangible Assets |
|
The excess of the purchase price of a business acquisition over the net fair value of assets acquired and liabilities assumed is capitalized as goodwill in accordance with ASC 805. Goodwill and intangible assets that do not have finite lives are not amortized, but are assessed for impairment at least annually or more frequently if certain impairment indicators are present. The Company recorded $12.0 million of goodwill related to the GTIS Acquisitions. No goodwill impairment charges were recorded in 2014 and 2013. |
|
The cost of a marketing intangible asset acquired valued at $0.7 million related to the GTIS Acquisitions is being amortized over its estimated useful life of 3 years. When certain events or changes in operating conditions occur, the estimated future undiscounted cash flows associated with the asset are compared to the asset’s carrying amount to determine if an impairment of such asset is necessary. For intangible assets that are amortized, a review is performed of their estimated useful lives to evaluate whether events and circumstances warrant a revision to the remaining useful life. No impairment charges were recorded in 2014 and 2013 associated with the marketing intangible asset. |
Warranty Reserves | Warranty Reserves |
|
Future direct warranty costs are accrued and charged to cost of sales in the period when the related home is sold. The Company’s warranty liability is based upon historical warranty cost experience and is adjusted as appropriate to reflect qualitative risks associated with the types of homes built, the geographic areas in which they are built, and potential impacts of the Company's continued expansion. |
|
Warranty reserves are reviewed quarterly to assess the reasonableness and adequacy and to make adjustments to the balance of the pre-existing reserves, as needed, to reflect changes in trends and historical data as information becomes available. |
Customer Deposits | Customer Deposits |
|
Customer deposits are received upon signing a purchase contract and are generally $1,000 or less. Deposits are generally refundable if the customer is unable to obtain financing. Forfeited buyer deposits related to home sales are recognized in other income in the period in which it is determined that the buyer will not complete the purchase of the property and the deposit is nonrefundable to the buyer. |
Home Sales | Home Sales |
|
In accordance with ASC Topic 360—20, Real Estate Sales, revenues from home sales are recorded at the time each home sale is closed, title and possession are transferred to the buyer, and the Company has no significant continuing involvement with the home. Home sales proceeds are generally received from the title company within a few days after closing. Home sales are reported net of sales discounts and incentives granted to home buyers, which are primarily seller-paid closing costs. |
Cost of Sales | Cost of Sales |
|
As discussed under Real Estate Inventory above, cost of sales for homes closed include the construction costs of each home and allocable land acquisition and land development costs, capitalized interest, and other related common costs (both incurred and estimated to be incurred). |
Selling and Commission Costs | Selling and Commission Costs |
|
Sales commissions are paid and expensed based on homes sold. Other selling costs are expensed in the period incurred. |
Advertising Costs | Advertising Costs |
|
Advertising and direct mail costs are expensed as incurred. Advertising and direct mail costs were $8.6 million, $3.3 million and $1.8 million for the years ended December 31, 2014, 2013, and 2012, respectively. |
Income Taxes | Income Taxes |
|
LGI Homes, Inc. is a taxable entity. Prior to the Reorganization Transactions, the Predecessor consisted of limited liability companies and limited partnerships, all of which were treated as partnerships for income tax purposes and federal income taxes on taxable income or losses realized by the Predecessor were the obligation of the individual members or partners. As a result of the Reorganization Transactions, the Predecessor entities are subject to federal and state income taxes. The accompanying financial statements include a provision for income taxes based on the period when the Company’s operations are taxable. |
|
The Company utilizes the liability method of accounting for income taxes. Under the liability method, deferred tax assets and liabilities are recognized using enacted tax rates for the effect of temporary differences between the book and tax bases of recorded assets and liabilities. Deferred tax assets are reduced by a valuation allowance if it is more likely than not that some portion or all of the net deferred tax assets will not be realized. The Company’s ability to realize deferred tax assets is assessed throughout the year and a valuation allowance is established, if required. The Company recognizes the impact of a tax position only if it is more likely than not to be sustained upon examination based on the technical merits of the position. The Company recognizes potential interest and penalties related to uncertain tax positions in income tax expense. |
|
The Company files income tax returns in the U.S. federal jurisdiction and in various states and does not have any unrecognized tax benefits. The Company is not presently under exam for income tax by any taxing jurisdiction, and no longer remains subject to exam for years before 2011 (2010 for Texas). |
|
Prior to the Reorganization Transactions, the Predecessor was subject to certain state taxes and fees, including the Texas margin tax, where applicable. There were no significant deferred income taxes related to state income taxes for the year ended December 31, 2012. |
Earnings Per Share | Earnings Per Share |
|
Basic earnings per share is based on the weighted average number of shares of common stock outstanding. Diluted earnings per share is based on the weighted average number of shares of common stock and dilutive securities outstanding. Diluted earnings per share gives effect to all dilutive potential shares outstanding during the period using the treasury stock method and for the Company's 4.25% Convertible Notes due 2019 (the “Convertible Notes”) using the if-converted method. Diluted earnings per share excludes all dilutive potential shares of common stock if their effect is antidilutive. |
Share-Based Compensation | Stock-Based Compensation |
|
Compensation costs for non-performance-based restricted stock awards are measured using the closing price of our common stock on the date of grant and are expensed on a straight-line basis over the vesting period of the award. Compensation costs for performance-based restricted stock awards are also measured using the closing price of the Company's common stock on the date of grant but are expensed in accordance with ASC 718-10-25-20, Compensation - Stock Compensation, which requires an assessment of probability of attainment of the performance target. Once the performance target outcome is determined to be probable, the year-to-date expense is recorded and the remaining expense is recorded on a straight-line basis through the end of the award's vesting period. |
Fair Value Measurement of Financial Instruments | Fair Value Measurement of Financial Instruments |
|
ASC Topic 820, Fair Value Measurements (“ASC 820”), defines fair value as “the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date” within an entity’s principal market, if any. The principal market is the market in which the reporting entity would sell the asset or transfer the liability with the greatest volume and level of activity, regardless of whether it is the market in which the entity will ultimately transact for a particular asset or liability or if a different market is potentially more advantageous. Accordingly, this exit price concept may result in a fair value that differs from the transaction price or market price of the asset or liability. |
|
ASC 820 provides a framework for measuring fair value under GAAP, expands disclosures about fair value measurements, and establishes a fair value hierarchy, which requires an entity to maximize the use of observable inputs and minimize the use of unobservable inputs when measuring fair value. The three levels of the fair value hierarchy are summarized as follows: |
Level 1 - Fair value is based on quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities. |
Level 2 - Fair value is determined using significant observable inputs, generally either quoted prices in active markets for similar assets or liabilities, or quoted prices in markets that are not active. |
Level 3 - Fair value is determined using one or more significant inputs that are unobservable in active markets at the measurement date, such as a pricing model, discounted cash flow, or similar technique. |
|
The Company utilizes fair value measurements to account for certain items and account balances within its consolidated financial statements. Fair value measurements may also be utilized on a nonrecurring basis, such as for the impairment of long-lived assets. The fair value of financial instruments, including cash and cash equivalents, accounts receivable and credit facility, approximate their carrying amounts due to the short term nature of these instruments. As of December 31, 2014, the secured credit facility has a floating interest rate, which increases or decreases with market interest rates, and is subject to an interest rate floor. |
|
As described in Note 2, the assets and liabilities acquired in the Oakmont Acquisition and the GTIS Acquisitions were recorded at fair value determined based on Level 2 or Level 3 assumptions and valuation inputs. In addition the Predecessor’s historical interests in the LGI/GTIS Joint Ventures were adjusted to fair value determined using Level 3 unobservable assumptions and valuation inputs. The Convertible Notes, discussed in Note 9, have been recorded at estimated fair value determined using Level 2 measurements. No significant changes occurred and the recorded value at December 31, 2014 approximates fair value. |
New Accounting Pronouncements, Policy [Policy Text Block] | Recently Issued Accounting Pronouncements |
|
In August 2014, the FASB issued ASU No. 2014-15, Presentation of Financial Statements - Going Concern (Subtopic 205-40): Disclosure of Uncertainties about an Entity’s Ability to Continue as a Going Concern (“ASU 2014-15”), which requires management to evaluate, at each reporting period, whether there are conditions or events that raise substantial doubt about the entity’s ability to continue as a going concern within one year after the date the financial statements are issued and provide related disclosures. This ASU applies to all entities and is effective for periods ending after December 15, 2016. The adoption of ASU 2014-15 is not expected to have a material effect on the Company's consolidated financial statements or disclosures. |
|
In June 2014, the FASB issued ASU No. 2014-12, Accounting for Share-Based Payments When the Terms of an Award Provide That a Performance Target Could Be Achieved after the Requisite Service Period (“ASU 2014-12”). ASU 2014-12 requires that a performance target that affects vesting and that could be achieved after the requisite service period be treated as a performance condition. A reporting entity should apply existing guidance in Accounting Standards Codification Topic No. 718, “Compensation - Stock Compensation” (“ASC Topic 718”), as it relates to awards with performance conditions that affect vesting to account for such awards. ASU 2014-12 is effective for periods beginning after December 15, 2015. The adoption of ASU 2014-12 is not expected to have a material effect on the Company’s consolidated financial statements or disclosures. |
|
In May 2014, the FASB issued ASU No. 2014-09, Revenue from Contracts with Customers (“ASU 2014-09”), which provides guidance for revenue recognition. ASU 2014-09 affects any entity that either enters into contracts with customers to transfer goods or services or enters into contracts for the transfer of nonfinancial assets and supersedes the revenue recognition requirements in Topic 605, “Revenue Recognition,” and most industry-specific guidance. This ASU also supersedes some cost guidance included in Subtopic 605-35, “Revenue Recognition-Construction-Type and Production-Type Contracts.” ASU 2014-09’s core principle is that a company will recognize revenue when it transfers promised goods or services to customers in an amount that reflects the consideration to which a company expects to be entitled in exchange for those goods or services. In doing so, companies will need to use more judgment and make more estimates than under today’s guidance, including identifying performance obligations in the contract, estimating the amount of variable consideration to include in the transaction price and allocating the transaction price to each separate performance obligation. ASU 2014-09 is effective for the Company beginning January 1, 2017 and, at that time, the Company may adopt the new standard under the full retrospective approach or the modified retrospective approach. Early adoption of this ASU is not permitted. The Company is currently evaluating the method and impact the adoption of ASU 2014-09 will have on the Company's consolidated financial statements and disclosures. |