Summary of Significant Accounting Policies | Summary of Significant Accounting Policies Basis of Presentation and Consolidation The unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements and accompanying notes have been prepared in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles in the United States, or (“GAAP”), are presented in U.S. dollars unless otherwise stated, and include the accounts of Life360, Inc. and subsidiaries, Jio, Inc., Tile, Inc., Tile Europe Ltd and Tile Network Canada ULC. All inter-company transactions and balances have been eliminated. In management’s opinion, the condensed consolidated financial statements include all adjustments necessary to fairly state the Company’s financial position. The information contained within the condensed consolidated financial statements should be read in conjunction with the Company's consolidated financial statements and notes thereto included in the Company’s annual financial statements for the year ended December 31, 2021. Use of Estimates The preparation of condensed consolidated financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the condensed consolidated financial statements and the reported amount of revenue and expenses during the reporting period. Significant estimates made by management include, but are not limited to, the determination of revenue recognition, including the determination of selling prices for distinct performance obligations sold in multiple-performance obligation arrangements, the period over which revenue is recognized for certain arrangements, and estimated delivery dates for orders with title transfer upon delivery, accounts receivable allowance, product returns, promotional and marketing allowances, inventory valuation, average useful customer life, stock-based compensation, legal contingencies, assessment of possible impairment of long-lived assets and goodwill, valuation of contingent consideration, convertible notes and embedded derivatives, useful lives of long lived assets and income taxes including valuation allowances on deferred tax assets. The Company bases its estimates and judgments on historical experience and on various assumptions that it believes are reasonable under the circumstances. Actual results could differ significantly from those estimates. Recently adopted accounting pronouncements In October 2021, the FASB issued ASU 2021-08, Business Combinations (Topic 805), Accounting for Contract Assets and Contract Liabilities from Contracts with Customers, which requires contract assets and contract liabilities (i.e., deferred revenue) acquired in a business combination to be recognized and measured by the acquirer on the acquisition date in accordance with ASC 606, Revenue from Contracts with Customers . The guidance should be applied prospectively to acquisitions occurring on or after the effective date. The guidance is effective for the Company beginning January 1, 2024, and interim periods therein. Early adoption is permitted, including in interim periods, for any financial statements that have not yet been issued. The Company elected to early adopt ASU 2021-08 on September 1, 2021, and the Company has recorded the acquired deferred revenue based on historical carrying value rather than fair value in the condensed consolidated financial statements and related disclosures. In December 2019, the FASB issued ASU No. 2019-12, Simplifying the Accounting for Income Taxes (“ASU 2019-12”), as part of its initiative to reduce complexity in accounting standards. ASU 2019-12 removes the following exceptions: exception to the incremental approach for intraperiod tax allocation; exception to accounting for basis differences when there are ownership changes in foreign investments; and exception to interim period tax accounting for year-to-date losses that exceed anticipated losses. ASU 2019-12 also improves financial reporting for franchise taxes that are partially based on income; transactions with a government that result in a step up in the tax basis of goodwill; separate financial statements of legal entities that are not subject to tax; and enacted changes in tax laws in interim periods. ASU 2019-12 is effective for public business entities in fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2020, including interim periods within those fiscal years. For all other entities, the standard is effective in fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2021, and interim periods within fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2022. Early adoption of the standard is permitted, including adoption in interim or annual periods for which financial statements have not yet been issued. On January 1, 2021, the Company adopted ASU 2019-12, and the standard did not have a material impact on its condensed consolidated financial statements and related disclosures. Accounting pronouncements not yet adopted In June 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-13, Financial Instruments – Credit Losses: Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments, which changes the existing incurred loss impairment model for financial assets held at amortized cost. The new model uses a forward-looking expected loss method to calculate credit loss estimates. These changes will result in earlier recognition of credit losses. In March 2022, the FASB issued ASU 2022-02, Financial Instruments – Credit Losses: Troubled Debt Restructurings and Vintage Disclosures, which updates accounting guidance for troubled debt restructurings by creditors and enhances disclosure requirements for certain loan refinancing and restructurings by creditors when a borrower is experiencing financial difficulty. Additionally, the amendments require an entity to disclose gross write-offs by year of origination for financing receivables. The amendments included within ASU 2022-02 become effective after the adoption of ASU 2016-13, which becomes effective for the Company on January 1, 2023 with early adoption permitted. The Company is currently evaluating the impact of the adoption of ASU 2016-13 and ASU 2022-02 on its condensed consolidated financial statements and related disclosures and does not expect a material impact. In August 2020, the FASB issued ASU No. 2020-06, Debt-Debt with Conversion and Other Options (Subtopic 470-20) which simplifies the accounting for certain financial instruments with characteristics of liabilities and equity, including convertible instruments and contracts in an entity’s own equity. Among other changes, ASU 2020-06 removes from GAAP the liability and equity separation model for convertible instruments with a cash conversion feature, and as a result, after adoption, entities will no longer separately present in equity an embedded conversion feature for such debt. Similarly, the embedded conversion feature will no longer be amortized into income as interest expense over the life of the instrument. Instead, entities will account for a convertible debt instrument wholly as debt unless (1) a convertible instrument contains features that require bifurcation as a derivative under ASC Topic 815, Derivatives and Hedging , or (2) a convertible debt instrument was issued at a substantial premium. Additionally, ASU 2020-06 requires the application of the if-converted method to calculate the impact of convertible instruments on diluted earnings per share, which will result in increased dilutive securities as the assumption of cash settlement of the notes will not be available for the purpose of calculating earnings per share. The provisions of ASU 2020-06 are effective for reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2023, with early adoption permitted for reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2020 and can be adopted on either a fully retrospective or modified retrospective basis. The Company is currently evaluating the timing, method of adoption, and overall impact of this standard on its condensed consolidated financial statements. Revenue Recognition The Company recognizes revenue upon transfer of control of promised goods or services to customers at transaction price, an amount that reflects the consideration the Company expects to receive in exchange for those goods or services. Transaction price is calculated as selling price net of variable consideration which may include estimates for future returns and sales incentives related to current period revenue. The Company determines revenue recognition through the following steps: (i) identify the contract(s) with a customer; (ii) identify the performance obligations in the contract; (iii) determine the transaction price; (iv) allocate the transaction price to the performance obligations in the contract; and (v) recognize revenue when (or as) the Company satisfies a performance obligation. The Company only applies the five-step model to contracts when it is probable that the Company will collect the consideration it is entitled to in exchange for the goods or services it transfers to the customer. Performance Obligations Some of the Company’s contracts with customers contain multiple performance obligations, primarily hardware and subscription services for the Tile and Jiobit hardware tracking devices. For these contracts, the Company accounts for individual performance obligations separately if they are distinct. The transaction price is allocated to the separate performance obligations on a relative stand-alone selling price (“SSP”) basis with the amounts allocated to ongoing services deferred and recognized over a period of time and amounts allocated to hardware tracking devices recognized at a point-in time with a portion of the consideration being allocated to application usage (maintenance) and support. The Company determines SSP based on observable, if available, prices for those related goods and services when sold separately. When such observable prices are not available, the Company determines SSP based on overarching pricing objectives and strategies, taking into consideration market conditions and other factors, including customer size, volume purchased, market and industry conditions, product-specific factors, and historical sales of the deliverables. For hardware products, the Company generally offers a limited warranty to end-users covering a period of twelve months for products and obligates the Company to repair or replace products for manufacturing defects or hardware component failures. The warranty is not sold separately and does not represent a separate performance obligation. Therefore, such warranties are accounted for under ASC 460, Guarantees, and the estimated costs of warranty claims are generally accrued as cost of revenue in the period the related revenue is recorded. See Note 11 “Commitments and Contingencies” for further details. Variable Consideration The Company recognizes hardware revenue at the net sales price, which includes certain estimates for variable consideration with our customers. The Company’s variable consideration is primarily in the form of promotional agreements and marketing development fund agreements in relation to the hardware tracking devices. These agreements are designed to enhance the sale of the Company’s products and consist of incentives to the Company’s customers. The Company estimates variable considerations using the expected value method. All forms of variable consideration are recorded as contra-revenue and a corresponding liability in its condensed consolidated balance sheet. Certain agreements are estimates at period end due to the nature of the incentives or expected and yet-to-be announced incentive programs that apply to current period revenue transactions. These estimates are based on the Company’s incentive program experience, historical and projected sales data and current contractual terms. The remaining portion of this liability is based on contractual amounts and does not require estimation. Subscription Revenue The Company’s subscription revenue includes related support and is comprised of Life360 mobile application subscriptions as well as subscription service plans for the Tile and Jiobit hardware tracking devices. The Company’s subscription contracts with customers are established at the point of mobile application download and purchase as indicated through acceptance of the Company’s Standard Service Terms. The cloud-based subscriptions are considered single combined performance obligations, consisting of multiple features that can be purchased separately, but which are bundled together and delivered to the customer as a combined output. The Company provides its customers with technical support along with unspecified updates and upgrades to the platform on an if and when available basis. The subscription service plan for the Tile and Jiobit hardware tracking device is a distinct and separate performance obligation from the hardware. Subscription fees are fixed and recognized on a straight-line basis over the non-cancellable contractual term of the agreement, generally beginning on the date that the Company’s service is made available to the customer. Subscription revenue was $36.0 million and $19.2 million for the three months ended June 30, 2022 and 2021, respectively, and $69.1 million and $36.4 million for the six months ended June 30, 2022 and 2021, respectively. Hardware Revenue The Company derives hardware revenue from sale of the Tile and Jiobit hardware tracking devices and related accessories. For hardware and accessories, revenue is recognized at the time products are delivered. The Company offers limited rights of return and estimates reserves based on historical experience and records the reserves as a reduction of revenue and an accrued liability. Amounts billed to customers for shipping and handling are classified as revenue, and the Company’s related shipping and handling costs incurred are classified as cost of revenue. The customers are billed upon shipment of the hardware tracking devices. Sales taxes collected from customers and remitted to respective governmental authorities are recorded as liabilities and are not included in revenue. The Company’s hardware and the embedded operating system are one distinct performance obligation and separate from the subscription service plans for the Tile and Jiobit hardware tracking device. The Company’s embedded operating system is a component of the hardware that is integral to the functionality of the hardware and only together produce the essential functionality of the hardware. The Company offers extended warranties and hardware protection plans that are recognized over the contractual service period (typically 1 to 2 years). Hardware revenue was $6.8 million and $0 for the three months ended June 30, 2022 and 2021, respectively, and $16.5 million and $0 for the six months ended June 30, 2022 and 2021, respectively. Other Revenue Other revenue consists primarily of data revenue and partnership revenue. For the six months ended June 30, 2022, the Company’s data revenue is comprised of Life360 data monetization arrangements with certain third parties established through Data Master Service Agreements (collectively, “Data MSAs”), which outline specific terms governing the access and use of data and related fees. The Company determines a contract to exist upon the mutual execution of a Data MSA. Those customers historically had ability to access certain portions of the Company’s user data over the contract term, in which certain customers pay a fee based on average active monthly users. Most of the Company’s Data MSAs have been terminated as of June 30, 2022 as the Company has moved toward an aggregate data sales model. The transaction price is determined based on the consideration to which the Company expects to be entitled in exchange for transferring data to the customer. The Company estimates and includes variable consideration in the transaction price at contract inception to the extent it is probable that a significant reversal in the amount of cumulative revenue recognized will not occur when the uncertainty associated with the variable consideration is subsequently resolved. In estimating variable consideration in data arrangements, the Company considers historical experience and other external factors that may impact the expectation of future data usage. At each reporting period, the Company assesses actual and expected data usage that will be earned for the duration of the contract term. The payment terms for Data MSAs are monthly. The Company recognizes fees for certain data arrangements over time based on the fee per average active monthly user as the customer simultaneously receives and consumes the benefit of the services that the Company provides over the term of the agreement. In January 2022, Life360 announced a new partnership agreement with Placer.ai (“Placer”), a prominent provider of aggregated analytics for the retail ecosystem, in which executives of the Company have an immaterial ownership interest through a passive investment vehicle. As part of this partnership, Placer will provide data processing and analytics services to Life360 and will have the right to commercialize aggregated data related to place visits during the term of the agreement. This partnership marked the beginning of Life360’s exit from its legacy data sales model and transition to commercialize solely aggregated data, while still providing members the option to opt out of even aggregated data sales. In keeping with the Company’s vision and consistent with that aggregated data sales model, the Company is exploring ways, in the future, to enable members to avail themselves of compelling offers and opportunities by enabling Company partners to use their data with members’ explicit, affirmative opt-in consent. The Placer agreement includes fixed monthly revenue amounts for access to aggregated data for the duration of the three-year agreement. The Company has a stand ready obligation to provide aggregated user data over the term of the agreement and recognizes revenue ratably based on the fixed monthly amounts. The Company estimates and includes variable consideration in the transaction price at contract inception to the extent it is probable that a significant reversal in the amount of cumulative revenue recognized will not occur when the uncertainty associated with the variable consideration is subsequently resolved. In connection with the agreement, Placer issued the Company a warrant to purchase up to 5,100,167 shares of Series C Preferred Stock at an exercise price of $4.90 per share. The grant of the warrant is considered noncash consideration, which the Company measured at fair value on the date of issuance. The warrant was valued using an option pricing model, and the fair value of approximately $5.4 million, has been included as part of the transaction price of the Placer data partnership agreement, and will be included in prepaid expenses and other assets, noncurrent on the Company’s condensed consolidated balance sheets. Data revenue was $5.0 million and $4.3 million for the three months ended June 30, 2022 and 2021, respectively, and $12.2 million and $8.6 million for the six months ended June 30, 2022 and 2021, respectively. Partnership revenue includes agreements with third parties to provide access to advertising on the Company’s mobile platform. The Company receives a percentage of the advertising spend as a fee, which is recognized as revenue on a net basis. The variable amounts earned under partnership revenue arrangements are allocable to the month in which the advertising is placed, which is reset on a monthly basis. As such, the Company will recognize revenue monthly based on the advertising placed. Partnership revenue was $1.0 million and $1.5 million for the three months ended June 30, 2022 and 2021, respectively, and $2.1 million and $3.0 million for the six months ended June 30, 2022 and 2021, respectively. Remaining Performance Obligations Remaining performance obligations represent the amount of contracted future revenue not yet recognized as the amounts relate to undelivered performance obligations, including both deferred revenue and non-cancelable contracted amounts that will be invoiced and recognized as revenue in future periods. Revenue allocated to remaining performance obligations was $28.3 million as of June 30, 2022, of which the Company expects $24.8 million to be recognized over the next twelve months. Cost of Revenue Cost of subscription revenue includes all direct costs to deliver the Company’s subscription services. These costs include personnel-related costs associated with our cloud-based infrastructure and our customer support organization, third-party hosting fees, software, and maintenance costs, outside services associated with the delivery of our subscription services, personnel-related expenses, travel-related costs, amortization of acquired intangibles and allocated overhead, such as facilities, including rent, utilities, depreciation on equipment shared by all departments, credit card and transaction processing fees, and shared information technology costs. Personnel-related expenses include salaries, bonuses, benefits, and stock-based compensation for operations personnel. Cost of hardware revenue consists of product costs, including hardware production, contract manufacturers for production, shipping and handling, packaging, fulfillment, personnel-related expenses, manufacturing and equipment depreciation, warehousing, tariff costs, hosting, app fees, customer support costs, warranty replacement, and write-downs of excess and obsolete inventory. Personnel-related expenses include salaries, bonuses, benefits, and stock-based compensation for operations personnel. Cost of other revenue consists of cloud-based hosting costs, as well as costs of product operations function and employee-related costs associated with our data platform. Costs Capitalized to Obtain Contracts Costs capitalized to obtain contracts comprise of revenue-share payments to the Company’s Channel Partners in connection with annual subscription sales of the Company’s mobile application on each respective mobile application store platform as well as sales commissions paid to employees on hardware sales. Costs that are incremental and directly related to new customer sales contracts are accrued and capitalized upon execution of a non-cancelable customer contract, and subsequently expensed over the average life of the customer relationship, which is currently estimated to be two Allowance for Doubtful Accounts The Company makes judgments as to its ability to collect outstanding accounts receivable and provide allowances for accounts receivable when and if collection becomes doubtful. The Company evaluates the collectability of its accounts receivable based on review of its past-due balances, known collection risks and historical experience. In circumstances where the Company is aware of a specific customer’s potential inability to meet its financial obligations to the Company (e.g., bankruptcy filings or substantial downgrading of credit ratings), the Company records a specific reserve for bad debt against amounts due to reduce the net recognized receivable to the amount it reasonably believes will be collected. The allowance for doubtful accounts as of June 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021 and total bad debt expense for the three and six months ended June 30, 2022 and 2021 was immaterial. Inventory and Contract Manufacturing Inventory is comprised of raw materials and finished goods related to the Tile and Jiobit hardware tracking devices and accessories. Inventory is stated at the lower of cost or net realizable value on a weighted average basis. The Company assesses the valuation of inventory and periodically writes down the value for estimated excess and obsolete inventory based upon estimates of future demand and market conditions. The Company’s inventory is held at third party warehouses and contract manufacturer premises. The Company outsources a significant portion of its manufacturing to independent contract manufacturers in Asia. A significant portion of its cost of revenue consists of inventory purchased from these manufacturers. The Company’s manufacturers procure components and manufacture the Company’s products based on the demand forecasts provided. These forecasts are based on estimates of future demand for the Company’s products, which are in turn based on historical trends and an analysis from the Company’s sales and marketing organizations, adjusted for overall market conditions. Shipments of inventory from the contract manufacturer are recorded as finished goods inventory upon shipment when title and the significant risks and reward of ownership have passed to the Company. Significant Risks and Uncertainties The Company’s business, operations, and financial results are subject to various risks and uncertainties including adverse global economic conditions, such as the coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic, and competition in our industry that could adversely affect our business, financial conditions, results of operations and cash flows. These important factors, among others, could cause our actual results to differ materially from any future results. The Company’s customers primarily consist of individual consumers, who subscribe to the Company’s product offerings through market exchanges operated by channel partners, data revenue customers and retail partners, who purchase hardware tracking devices from the Company and resell them directly to individual consumers. Any changes in customer preferences and trends or changes in terms of use of channel partners’ platforms could have an adverse impact on its results of operations and financial condition. The Company depends on the constant real-time performance, reliability and availability of our technology system and access to our partner’s networks. The Company primarily relies on a single technology partner for its cloud platform and a limited number of contract manufacturers to assemble components of the Jiobit and Tile hardware tracking devices. Any adverse impacts to the platform and the contract manufacturers could negatively impact our relationships with our partners or Users and may adversely impact our business, financial performance, and reputation. The Company derives its accounts receivable from revenue earned from customers located in the United States and internationally. The Company does not perform ongoing credit evaluations of its customers’ financial condition and does not require collateral from its customers. Historically, credit losses have been insignificant. Channel and retail partners account for the majority of the Company’s revenue and accounts receivable for all periods presented. The following tables set forth the information about our channel and retail partners who represented greater than 10% of our revenue or accounts receivable, respectively: Percentage of Revenue Three Months Ended Six Months Ended 2022 2021 2022 2021 Channel Partner A 49 % 58 % 47 % 56 % Channel Partner B 15 % 18 % 15 % 18 % Retail Partner A 13 % * 12 % * * Represents less than 10% Percentage of Gross Accounts As of June 30, As of December 31, 2022 2021 Channel Partner A 37 % 48 % Channel Partner B 12 % 14 % Data Partner A 19 % * Retail Partner A 17 % * * Represents less than 10% Research and Development Costs The Company charges costs related to research, design, and development of products to research and development expense as incurred. These costs consist of payroll related expenses, contractor fees, outside third-party vendors, and allocated facilities costs. Advertising Expense Advertising expense was $4.6 million and $1.3 million for the three months ended June 30, 2022 and 2021, respectively, and $9.0 million and $2.4 million for the six months ended June 30, 2022 and 2021, respectively. Advertising expenses are recorded in the period in which cost is incurred and are presented within sales and marketing expense on the condensed consolidated statements of operations. Cash and Cash Equivalents The Company considers all highly liquid investment securities with remaining maturities at the date of purchase of three months or less to be cash equivalents. Cash and cash equivalents include deposit and money market funds. Restricted Cash Deposits of $15.1 million and $0.4 million were restricted from withdrawal as of June 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021, respectively. $13.1 million of the restricted balance as of June 30, 2022 relates to funds placed in an indemnity escrow fund to be held for fifteen months after the acquisition date of Tile, Inc. for general representations and warranties. $0.7 million of the restricted cash balance as of June 30, 2022 relates to cash deposits restricted under letters of credit issued on behalf of the Company in support of indebtedness to trade creditors incurred in the ordinary course of business. The remaining restricted balance of $1.3 million as of June 30, 2022 is related to securing the Company’s facility leases which will expire in 2022 and 2024 in accordance with the operating lease agreements, as amended. The $0.4 million balance restricted from withdrawal as of December 31, 2021 relates to facility lease agreements. These balances are included in restricted cash on the accompanying condensed consolidated balance sheets. Fair Value of Financial Instruments The Company uses fair value measurements to record fair value adjustments to certain financial and non-financial assets and liabilities to determine fair value disclosures. The accounting standards define fair value, establish a framework for measuring fair value, and require disclosures about fair value measurements. Fair value is defined as the price that would be received from selling an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. When determining the fair value measurements for assets and liabilities required to be recorded at fair value, the principal or most advantageous market in which the Company would transact are considered along with assumptions that market participants would use when pricing the asset or liability, such as inherent risk, transfer restrictions, and risk of nonperformance. The accounting standard for fair value establishes a fair value hierarchy based on three levels of inputs, the first two of which are considered observable and the last unobservable, that requires an entity to maximize the use of observable inputs and minimize the use of unobservable inputs when measuring fair value. A financial instrument’s categorization within the fair value hierarchy is based upon the lowest level of input that is significant to the fair value measurement. The three levels of Inputs that may be used to measure fair value are as follows: Level 1 – Observable inputs, such as quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities. Level 2 – Observable inputs other than Level 1 prices, such as quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities, or other inputs that are observable or can be corroborated by observable market data for substantially the full term of the assets or liabilities. Level 3 – Valuations based on unobservable inputs to the valuation methodology and including data about assumptions market participants would use in pricing the asset or liability based on the best information available under the circumstances. The recorded carrying amounts of cash and cash equivalents, prepaid expenses, accounts payable, and accounts receivable as of June 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021 approximate fair value due to their short-term nature. Refer to Note 6 “Fair Value Measurements” for further details. Property and Equipment, net Property and equipment are stated at cost less accumulated depreciation and amortization. Depreciation is computed using the straight-line method over the estimated useful lives of the respective assets. Equipment, computer software, furniture, and product manufacturing equipment have estimated useful lives ranging from three Costs of maintenance and repairs that do not improve or extend the lives of the respective assets are expensed as incurred. When assets are retired or otherwise disposed of, the cost and related accumulated depreciation are removed from the balance sheet and the resulting gain or loss is reported in other income (expense), net in the period realized. Software Development Costs For development costs related to internal use software projects, the Company capitaliz |