Fair Value Measurements | 6 Months Ended |
Jun. 30, 2014 |
Fair Value Measurements | ' |
Fair Value Measurements | ' |
18. Fair Value Measurements |
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The fair value of a financial instrument is the amount that would be received if an asset were to be sold or the amount that would be paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. The degree of judgment used in measuring the fair value of financial instruments generally correlates with the level of pricing observability. Financial instruments with quoted prices in active markets generally have more pricing observability and less judgment is used in measuring fair value. Conversely, financial instruments traded in other-than-active markets or that do not have quoted prices have less observability and are measured at fair value using valuation models or other pricing techniques that require more judgment. An other-than-active market is one in which there are few transactions, the prices are not current, price quotations vary substantially either over time or among market makers, or little information is released publicly for the asset or liability being valued. Pricing observability is affected by a number of factors, including the type of financial instrument, whether the financial instrument is listed on an exchange or traded over-the-counter or is new to the market and not yet established, the characteristics specific to the transaction, and general market conditions. |
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The following table summarizes the fair values and carrying values of our financial instruments and indicates the fair value hierarchy based on the level of inputs we utilized to determine such fair values: |
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| | | | | | | | Total | | Total | | | | | | | |
| | Fair Value Measurements Using | | Fair | | Carrying | | | | | | | |
(dollars in thousands) | | Level 1 | | Level 2 | | Level 3 | | Value | | Value | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
June 30, 2014 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Assets | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Cash and cash equivalents | | $ | 891,341 | | $ | — | | $ | — | | $ | 891,341 | | $ | 891,341 | | | | | | | |
Investment securities | | — | | 643,992 | | 13,491 | | 657,483 | | 657,483 | | | | | | | |
Net finance receivables, less allowance for finance receivable losses | | — | | — | | 12,116,692 | | 12,116,692 | | 11,651,119 | | | | | | | |
Restricted cash | | 487,160 | | — | | — | | 487,160 | | 487,160 | | | | | | | |
Other assets: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Commercial mortgage loans | | — | | — | | 86,300 | | 86,300 | | 92,951 | | | | | | | |
Escrow advance receivable | | — | | — | | 19,236 | | 19,236 | | 19,236 | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Liabilities | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Long-term debt | | $ | — | | $ | 12,444,904 | | $ | — | | $ | 12,444,904 | | $ | 11,261,023 | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
December 31, 2013 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Assets | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Cash and cash equivalents | | $ | 431,409 | | $ | — | | $ | — | | $ | 431,409 | | $ | 431,409 | | | | | | | |
Investment securities | | — | | 558,473 | | 23,617 | | 582,090 | | 582,090 | | | | | | | |
Net finance receivables, less allowance for finance receivable losses | | — | | — | | 13,774,701 | | 13,774,701 | | 13,424,988 | | | | | | | |
Restricted cash | | 536,005 | | — | | — | | 536,005 | | 536,005 | | | | | | | |
Other assets: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Commercial mortgage loans | | — | | — | | 94,681 | | 94,681 | | 102,200 | | | | | | | |
Escrow advance receivable | | — | | — | | 23,527 | | 23,527 | | 23,527 | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Liabilities | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Long-term debt | | $ | — | | $ | 13,914,644 | | $ | — | | $ | 13,914,644 | | $ | 12,769,036 | | | | | | | |
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FAIR VALUE MEASUREMENTS — RECURRING BASIS |
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The following table presents information about our assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis and indicates the fair value hierarchy based on the levels of inputs we utilized to determine such fair value: |
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| | Fair Value Measurements Using | | Total Carried | | | | | | | | | | |
(dollars in thousands) | | Level 1 | | Level 2 | | Level 3 | | At Fair Value | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
June 30, 2014 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Assets | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Cash equivalents in mutual funds | | $ | 279,645 | | $ | — | | $ | — | | $ | 279,645 | | | | | | | | | | |
Investment securities: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Available-for-sale securities: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Bonds: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
U.S. government and government sponsored entities | | — | | 54,874 | | — | | 54,874 | | | | | | | | | | |
Obligations of states, municipalities, and political subdivisions | | — | | 114,948 | | — | | 114,948 | | | | | | | | | | |
Corporate debt | | — | | 269,645 | | 4,160 | | 273,805 | | | | | | | | | | |
RMBS | | — | | 66,423 | | 65 | | 66,488 | | | | | | | | | | |
CMBS | | — | | 43,320 | | 20 | | 43,340 | | | | | | | | | | |
CDO/ABS | | — | | 15,120 | | — | | 15,120 | | | | | | | | | | |
Total | | — | | 564,330 | | 4,245 | | 568,575 | | | | | | | | | | |
Preferred stock | | — | | 7,271 | | — | | 7,271 | | | | | | | | | | |
Other long-term investments (a) | | — | | — | | 1,254 | | 1,254 | | | | | | | | | | |
Total available-for-sale securities (b) | | — | | 571,601 | | 5,499 | | 577,100 | | | | | | | | | | |
Trading securities: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Bonds: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
U.S. government and government sponsored entities | | — | | 3,001 | | — | | 3,001 | | | | | | | | | | |
Obligations of states, municipalities, and political subdivisions | | — | | 1,010 | | — | | 1,010 | | | | | | | | | | |
Corporate debt | | — | | 5,033 | | — | | 5,033 | | | | | | | | | | |
RMBS | | — | | 9,958 | | — | | 9,958 | | | | | | | | | | |
CMBS | | — | | 46,696 | | — | | 46,696 | | | | | | | | | | |
CDO/ABS | | — | | 6,693 | | 6,612 | | 13,305 | | | | | | | | | | |
Total trading securities | | — | | 72,391 | | 6,612 | | 79,003 | | | | | | | | | | |
Total investment securities | | — | | 643,992 | | 12,111 | | 656,103 | | | | | | | | | | |
Restricted cash in mutual funds | | 452,559 | | — | | — | | 452,559 | | | | | | | | | | |
Total | | $ | 732,204 | | $ | 643,992 | | $ | 12,111 | | $ | 1,388,307 | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Liabilities | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Long-term debt | | $ | — | | $ | 356,859 | | $ | — | | $ | 356,859 | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
December 31, 2013 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Assets | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Cash equivalents in mutual funds | | $ | 216,310 | | $ | — | | $ | — | | $ | 216,310 | | | | | | | | | | |
Investment securities: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Available-for-sale securities: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Bonds: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
U.S. government and government sponsored entities | | — | | 59,684 | | — | | 59,684 | | | | | | | | | | |
Obligations of states, municipalities, and political subdivisions | | — | | 103,536 | | — | | 103,536 | | | | | | | | | | |
Corporate debt | | — | | 239,141 | | 12,604 | | 251,745 | | | | | | | | | | |
RMBS | | — | | 83,665 | | 113 | | 83,778 | | | | | | | | | | |
CMBS | | — | | 10,974 | | 2 | | 10,976 | | | | | | | | | | |
CDO/ABS | | — | | 9,397 | | 800 | | 10,197 | | | | | | | | | | |
Total | | — | | 506,397 | | 13,519 | | 519,916 | | | | | | | | | | |
Preferred stock | | — | | 7,805 | | — | | 7,805 | | | | | | | | | | |
Other long-term investments (a) | | — | | — | | 1,269 | | 1,269 | | | | | | | | | | |
Total available-for-sale securities (b) | | — | | 514,202 | | 14,788 | | 528,990 | | | | | | | | | | |
Trading securities: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Bonds: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Corporate debt | | — | | 1,837 | | — | | 1,837 | | | | | | | | | | |
RMBS | | — | | 10,671 | | — | | 10,671 | | | | | | | | | | |
CMBS | | — | | 29,897 | | — | | 29,897 | | | | | | | | | | |
CDO/ABS | | — | | 1,866 | | 7,383 | | 9,249 | | | | | | | | | | |
Total trading securities | | — | | 44,271 | | 7,383 | | 51,654 | | | | | | | | | | |
Total investment securities | | — | | 558,473 | | 22,171 | | 580,644 | | | | | | | | | | |
Restricted cash in mutual funds | | 493,297 | | — | | — | | 493,297 | | | | | | | | | | |
Total | | $ | 709,607 | | $ | 558,473 | | $ | 22,171 | | $ | 1,290,251 | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Liabilities | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Long-term debt | | $ | — | | $ | 363,677 | | $ | — | | $ | 363,677 | | | | | | | | | | |
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(a) Other long-term investments excludes our interest in a limited partnership of $0.5 million at June 30, 2014 and $0.6 million at December 31, 2013 that we account for using the equity method. |
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(b) Common stocks not carried at fair value totaled $0.9 million at June 30, 2014 and December 31, 2013 and therefore have been excluded from the table above. |
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We had no transfers between Level 1 and Level 2 during the three and six months ended June 30, 2014. |
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The following table presents changes for the three months ended June 30, 2014 in Level 3 assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis: |
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| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | Purchases, | | | | | | | |
| | | | Net gains (losses) included in: | | sales, | | | | | | | |
| | Balance at | | | | Other | | issues, | | Transfers | | Transfers | | Balance | |
| | beginning | | Other | | comprehensive | | settlements | | into | | out of | | at end of | |
(dollars in thousands) | | of period | | revenues | | income (loss) | | (a) | | Level 3 | | Level 3 (b) | | period | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Three Months Ended June 30, 2014 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Investment securities: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Available-for-sale securities: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Bonds: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Corporate debt | | $ | 8,654 | | $ | (50 | ) | $ | 56 | | $ | (4,500 | ) | $ | — | | $ | — | | $ | 4,160 | |
RMBS | | 81 | | (3 | ) | (13 | ) | — | | — | | — | | 65 | |
CMBS | | 7 | | — | | 13 | | — | | — | | — | | 20 | |
CDO/ABS | | 800 | | — | | 3 | | — | | — | | (803 | ) | — | |
Total | | 9,542 | | (53 | ) | 59 | | (4,500 | ) | — | | (803 | ) | 4,245 | |
Other long-term investments | | 1,269 | | — | | 75 | | (90 | ) | — | | — | | 1,254 | |
Total available-for-sale securities | | 10,811 | | (53 | ) | 134 | | (4,590 | ) | — | | (803 | ) | 5,499 | |
Trading securities: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Bonds: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
RMBS | | 1,219 | | (10 | ) | — | | (52 | ) | — | | (1,157 | ) | — | |
CDO/ABS | | 7,411 | | 21 | | — | | (17 | ) | — | | (803 | ) | 6,612 | |
Total trading securities | | 8,630 | | 11 | | — | | (69 | ) | — | | (1,960 | ) | 6,612 | |
Total | | $ | 19,441 | | $ | (42 | ) | $ | 134 | | $ | (4,659 | ) | $ | — | | $ | (2,763 | ) | $ | 12,111 | |
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(a) “Purchases, sales, issues, and settlements” column only consist of settlements. There were no purchases, sales, or issues of investment securities for the three months ended June 30, 2014. |
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(b) During the three months ended June 30, 2014, we transferred RMBS and CDO/ABS securities totaling $2.8 million out of Level 3 primarily due to greater pricing transparency. |
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The following table presents changes for the three months ended June 30, 2013 in Level 3 assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis: |
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| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | Purchases, | | | | | | | |
| | | | Net gains (losses) included in: | | sales, | | | | | | | |
| | Balance at | | | | Other | | issues, | | Transfers | | Transfers | | Balance | |
| | beginning | | Other | | comprehensive | | settlements | | into | | out of | | at end of | |
(dollars in thousands) | | of period | | revenues | | income (loss) | | * | | Level 3 | | Level 3 | | period | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Three Months Ended June 30, 2013 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Investment securities: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Available-for-sale securities: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Bonds: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Corporate debt | | $ | 13,877 | | $ | 60 | | $ | (223 | ) | $ | (600 | ) | $ | — | | $ | — | | $ | 13,114 | |
RMBS | | 65 | | (1 | ) | 154 | | — | | — | | — | | 218 | |
CMBS | | 2 | | — | | — | | — | | — | | — | | 2 | |
CDO/ABS | | 1,100 | | — | | — | | (300 | ) | — | | — | | 800 | |
Total | | 15,044 | | 59 | | (69 | ) | (900 | ) | — | | — | | 14,134 | |
Other long-term investments | | 1,340 | | 2 | | 147 | | (11 | ) | | | | | 1,478 | |
Total available-for-sale securities | | 16,384 | | 61 | | 78 | | (911 | ) | — | | — | | 15,612 | |
Trading securities: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Bonds: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
CDO/ABS | | 12,073 | | 510 | | (422 | ) | (4,498 | ) | — | | — | | 7,663 | |
Total | | $ | 28,457 | | $ | 571 | | $ | (344 | ) | $ | (5,409 | ) | $ | — | | $ | — | | $ | 23,275 | |
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* “Purchases, sales, issues, and settlements” column only consist of settlements. There were no purchases, sales, or issues of investment securities for the three months ended June 30, 2013. |
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The following table presents changes for the six months ended June 30, 2014 in Level 3 assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis: |
|
| | | | | | | | Purchases, | | | | | | | |
| | | | Net gains (losses) included in: | | sales, | | | | | | | |
| | Balance at | | | | Other | | issues, | | Transfers | | Transfers | | Balance | |
| | beginning | | Other | | comprehensive | | settlements | | into | | out of | | at end of | |
(dollars in thousands) | | of period | | revenues | | income (loss) | | (a) | | Level 3 (b) | | Level 3 (c) | | period | |
Six Months Ended June 30, 2014 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Investment securities: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Available-for-sale securities: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Bonds: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Corporate debt | | $ | 12,604 | | $ | 204 | | $ | (255 | ) | $ | (8,393 | ) | $ | — | | $ | — | | $ | 4,160 | |
RMBS | | 113 | | (10 | ) | (38 | ) | — | | — | | — | | 65 | |
CMBS | | 2 | | — | | 18 | | — | | — | | — | | 20 | |
CDO/ABS | | 800 | | — | | 3 | | — | | — | | (803 | ) | — | |
Total | | 13,519 | | 194 | | (272 | ) | (8,393 | ) | — | | (803 | ) | 4,245 | |
Other long-term investments | | 1,269 | | — | | 75 | | (90 | ) | — | | — | | 1,254 | |
Total available-for-sale securities | | 14,788 | | 194 | | (197 | ) | (8,483 | ) | — | | (803 | ) | 5,499 | |
Trading securities: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Bonds: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
RMBS | | — | | 4 | | — | | (88 | ) | 1,241 | | (1,157 | ) | — | |
CDO/ABS | | 7,383 | | 29 | | — | | 3 | | — | | (803 | ) | 6,612 | |
Total trading securities | | 7,383 | | 33 | | — | | (85 | ) | 1,241 | | (1,960 | ) | 6,612 | |
Total | | $ | 22,171 | | $ | 227 | | $ | (197 | ) | $ | (8,568 | ) | $ | 1,241 | | $ | (2,763 | ) | $ | 12,111 | |
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(a) The detail of purchases, sales, issues, and settlements for the six months ended June 30, 2014 is presented in the table below. |
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(b) During the six months ended June 30, 2014, we transferred $1.2 million of RMBS securities into Level 3 primarily due to lesser pricing transparency. |
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(c) During the six months ended June 30, 2014, we transferred RMBS and CDO/ABS securities totaling $2.8 million out of Level 3 primarily due to greater pricing transparency. |
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The following table presents the detail of purchases, sales, issuances, and settlements of Level 3 assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis for the six months ended June 30, 2014: |
|
(dollars in thousands) | | Purchases | | Sales | | Issues | | Settlements | | Total | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Six Months Ended June 30, 2014 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Investment securities: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Available-for-sale securities: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Bonds: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Corporate debt | | $ | — | | $ | — | | $ | — | | $ | (8,393 | ) | $ | (8,393 | ) | | | | | | |
Other long-term investments | | — | | — | | — | | (90 | ) | (90 | ) | | | | | | |
Total available-for-sale securities | | — | | — | | — | | (8,483 | ) | (8,483 | ) | | | | | | |
Trading securities: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Bonds: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
RMBS | | — | | — | | — | | (88 | ) | (88 | ) | | | | | | |
CDO/ABS | | 135 | | — | | — | | (132 | ) | 3 | | | | | | | |
Total trading securities | | 135 | | — | | — | | (220 | ) | (85 | ) | | | | | | |
Total | | $ | 135 | | $ | — | | $ | — | | $ | (8,703 | ) | $ | (8,568 | ) | | | | | | |
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The following table presents changes for the six months ended June 30, 2013 in Level 3 assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis: |
|
| | | | | | | | Purchases, | | | | | | | |
| | | | Net gains (losses) included in: | | sales, | | | | | | | |
| | Balance at | | | | Other | | issues, | | Transfers | | Transfers | | Balance | |
| | beginning | | Other | | comprehensive | | settlements | | into | | out of | | at end of | |
(dollars in thousands) | | of period | | revenues | | income (loss) | | * | | Level 3 | | Level 3 | | period | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Six Months Ended June 30, 2013 - Revised | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Investment securities: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Available-for-sale securities: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Bonds: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Corporate debt | | $ | 13,417 | | $ | (108 | ) | $ | 286 | | $ | (481 | ) | $ | — | | $ | — | | $ | 13,114 | |
RMBS | | 74 | | (35 | ) | 179 | | — | | — | | — | | 218 | |
CMBS | | 1,767 | | (6 | ) | 2 | | (1,761 | ) | — | | — | | 2 | |
CDO/ABS | | 2,834 | | 8 | | (9 | ) | (2,033 | ) | — | | — | | 800 | |
Total | | 18,092 | | (141 | ) | 458 | | (4,275 | ) | — | | — | | 14,134 | |
Other long-term investments | | 1,380 | | 2 | | 107 | | (11 | ) | — | | — | | 1,478 | |
Total available-for-sale securities | | 19,472 | | (139 | ) | 565 | | (4,286 | ) | — | | — | | 15,612 | |
Trading securities: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Bonds: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
CDO/ABS | | 12,192 | | 513 | | (422 | ) | (4,620 | ) | — | | — | | 7,663 | |
Total | | $ | 31,664 | | $ | 374 | | $ | 143 | | $ | (8,906 | ) | $ | — | | $ | — | | $ | 23,275 | |
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* The detail of purchases, sales, issues, and settlements for the six months ended June 30, 2013 is presented in the table below. |
|
The following table presents the detail of purchases, sales, issuances, and settlements of Level 3 assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis for the six months ended June 30, 2013: |
|
(dollars in thousands) | | Purchases | | Sales | | Issues | | Settlements | | Total | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Six Months Ended June 30, 2013 - Revised | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Investment securities: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Available-for-sale securities: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Bonds: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Corporate debt | | $ | — | | $ | — | | $ | — | | $ | (481 | ) | $ | (481 | ) | | | | | | |
CMBS | | — | | (1,452 | ) | — | | (309 | ) | (1,761 | ) | | | | | | |
CDO/ABS | | — | | (1,633 | ) | — | | (400 | ) | (2,033 | ) | | | | | | |
Total | | — | | (3,085 | ) | — | | (1,190 | ) | (4,275 | ) | | | | | | |
Other long-term investments | | — | | — | | — | | (11 | ) | (11 | ) | | | | | | |
Total available-for-sale securities | | — | | (3,085 | ) | — | | (1,201 | ) | (4,286 | ) | | | | | | |
Trading securities: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Bonds: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
CDO/ABS | | — | | — | | — | | (4,620 | ) | (4,620 | ) | | | | | | |
Total | | $ | — | | $ | (3,085 | ) | $ | — | | $ | (5,821 | ) | $ | (8,906 | ) | | | | | | |
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We used observable and/or unobservable inputs to determine the fair value of positions that we have classified within the Level 3 category. As a result, the unrealized gains and losses for assets and liabilities within the Level 3 category presented in the Level 3 tables above may include changes in fair value that were attributable to both observable (e.g., changes in market interest rates) and unobservable (e.g., changes in unobservable long-dated volatilities) inputs. |
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The unobservable inputs and quantitative data used in our Level 3 valuations for our investment securities were developed and used in models created by our third-party valuation service providers, which values were used by us for fair value disclosure purposes without adjustment. We applied the third party exception which allows us to omit certain quantitative disclosures about unobservable inputs for other long-term investments. As a result, the weighted average ranges of the inputs for these investment securities are not applicable in the following table. |
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Quantitative information about Level 3 inputs for our assets measured at fair value on a recurring basis for which information about the unobservable inputs is reasonably available to us at June 30, 2014 and December 31, 2013 is as follows: |
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| | | | | | Range (Weighted Average) | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Valuation Technique(s) | | Unobservable Input | | June 30, 2014 | | December 31, 2013 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Corporate debt | | Discounted cash flows | | Yield | | (1.36%) (a) | | 2.68% – 8.48% | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
-4.67% | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Other long-term investments | | Discounted cash flows and indicative valuations | | Historical costs Nature of investment Local market conditions Comparables Operating performance Recent financing activity | | N/A (b) | | N/A (b) | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
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(a) At June 30, 2014, corporate debt consisted of one bond. |
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(b) Not applicable. |
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The fair values of the assets using significant unobservable inputs are sensitive and can be impacted by significant increases or decreases in any of those inputs. Level 3 broker-priced instruments (RMBS, CMBS, and CDO/ABS) are excluded from the table above because the unobservable inputs are not reasonably available to us. |
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Our RMBS, CMBS, and CDO/ABS securities have unobservable inputs that are reliant on and sensitive to the quality of their underlying collateral. The inputs, although not identical, have similar characteristics and interrelationships. Generally a change in the assumption used for the probability of default is accompanied by a directionally similar change in the assumption used for the loss severity and a directionally opposite change in the assumption used for prepayment speeds. An improvement in the workout criteria related to the restructured debt and/or debt covenants of the underlying collateral may lead to an improvement in the cash flows and have an inverse impact on other inputs, specifically a reduction in the amount of discount applied for marketability and liquidity, making the structured bonds more attractive to market participants. |
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FAIR VALUE MEASUREMENTS — NON-RECURRING BASIS |
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We measure the fair value of certain assets on a non-recurring basis when events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of the asset may not be recoverable. |
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Assets measured at fair value on a non-recurring basis on which we recorded impairment charges were as follows: |
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| | Fair Value Measurements Using | | | | | | | | | | | | |
(dollars in thousands) | | Level 1 | | Level 2 | | Level 3 | | Total | | | | | | | | | | |
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June 30, 2014 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
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Assets | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Real estate owned | | $ | — | | $ | — | | $ | 47,048 | | $ | 47,048 | | | | | | | | | | |
Commercial mortgage loans | | — | | — | | 10,076 | | 10,076 | | | | | | | | | | |
Total | | $ | — | | $ | — | | $ | 57,124 | | $ | 57,124 | | | | | | | | | | |
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December 31, 2013 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
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Assets | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Real estate owned | | $ | — | | $ | — | | $ | 72,242 | | $ | 72,242 | | | | | | | | | | |
Commercial mortgage loans | | — | | — | | 11,935 | | 11,935 | | | | | | | | | | |
Total | | $ | — | | $ | — | | $ | 84,177 | | $ | 84,177 | | | | | | | | | | |
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Net impairment charges recorded on assets measured at fair value on a non-recurring basis were as follows: |
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| | Three Months | | Three Months | | Six Months | | Six Months | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Ended | | Ended | | Ended | | Ended | | | | | | | | | | |
| | June 30, | | June 30, | | June 30, | | June 30, | | | | | | | | | | |
(dollars in thousands) | | 2014 | | 2013 | | 2014 | | 2013 | | | | | | | | | | |
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Assets | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Real estate owned | | $ | 3,928 | | $ | 5,747 | | $ | 9,866 | | $ | 13,658 | | | | | | | | | | |
Commercial mortgage loans | | (1,006 | ) | (1,585 | ) | (1,056 | ) | (1,713 | ) | | | | | | | | | |
Total | | $ | 2,922 | | $ | 4,162 | | $ | 8,810 | | $ | 11,945 | | | | | | | | | | |
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In accordance with the authoritative guidance for the accounting for the impairment of long-lived assets, we wrote down certain real estate owned reported in our Real Estate segment to their fair value less cost to sell for the three and six months ended June 30, 2014 and 2013 and recorded the writedowns in other revenues — other. The fair values of real estate owned disclosed in the table above are unadjusted for transaction costs as required by the authoritative guidance for fair value measurements. The amounts of real estate owned recorded in other assets are net of transaction costs as required by the authoritative guidance for accounting for the impairment of long-lived assets. |
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In accordance with the authoritative guidance for the accounting for the impairment of commercial mortgage loans, we recorded allowance adjustments on certain impaired commercial mortgage loans reported in our Insurance segment to record their fair value for the three and six months ended June 30, 2014 and 2013 and recorded the net impairments in investment revenues. |
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The unobservable inputs and quantitative data used in our Level 3 valuations for our real estate owned and commercial mortgage loans were developed and used in models created by our third-party valuation service providers or valuations provided by external parties, which values were used by us for fair value disclosure purposes without adjustment. We applied the third party exception which allows us to omit certain quantitative disclosures about unobservable inputs. As a result, the weighted average ranges of the inputs are not applicable in the following table. |
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Quantitative information about Level 3 inputs for our assets measured at fair value on a non-recurring basis at June 30, 2014 and December 31, 2013 is as follows: |
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| | | | | | Range (Weighted Average) | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Valuation Technique(s) | | Unobservable Input | | June 30, 2014 | | December 31, 2013 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Real estate owned | | Market approach | | Third-party valuation | | N/A* | | N/A* | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Commercial mortgage loans | | Market approach | | Local market conditions Nature of investment Comparable property sales Operating performance | | N/A* | | N/A* | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
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* Not applicable. |
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FAIR VALUE MEASUREMENTS — VALUATION METHODOLOGIES AND ASSUMPTIONS |
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We use the following methods and assumptions to estimate fair value. |
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Cash and Cash Equivalents |
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The carrying amount reported in our condensed consolidated balance sheets approximates fair value. |
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Investment Securities |
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We utilize third-party valuation service providers to measure the fair value of our investment securities, which are classified as available-for-sale or for trading and consist primarily of bonds. Whenever available, we obtain quoted prices in active markets for identical assets at the balance sheet date to measure investment securities at fair value. We generally obtain market price data from exchange or dealer markets. |
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We estimate the fair value of fixed maturity investment securities not traded in active markets by referring to traded securities with similar attributes, using dealer quotations and a matrix pricing methodology, or discounted cash flow analyses. This methodology considers such factors as the issuer’s industry, the security’s rating and tenor, its coupon rate, its position in the capital structure of the issuer, yield curves, credit curves, prepayment rates and other relevant factors. For fixed maturity investment securities that are not traded in active markets or that are subject to transfer restrictions, we adjust the valuations to reflect illiquidity and/or non-transferability. Such adjustments are generally based on available market evidence. In the absence of such evidence, management’s best estimate is used. |
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We classify investment securities that are deemed to incorporate an embedded derivative and for which it is impracticable for us to isolate and/or value as trading securities at fair value. |
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Finance Receivables |
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The fair value of net finance receivables, less allowance for finance receivable losses, both non-impaired and purchased credit impaired, are determined using discounted cash flow methodologies. The application of these methodologies requires us to make certain judgments and estimates based on our perception of market participant views related to the economic and competitive environment, the characteristics of our finance receivables, and other similar factors. The most significant judgments and estimates made relate to prepayment speeds, default rates, loss severity, and discount rates. The degree of judgment and estimation applied is significant in light of the current capital markets and, more broadly, economic environments. Therefore, the fair value of our finance receivables could not be determined with precision and may not be realized in an actual sale. Additionally, there may be inherent weaknesses in the valuation methodologies we employed, and changes in the underlying assumptions used could significantly affect the results of current or future values. |
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Restricted Cash |
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The carrying amount reported in our condensed consolidated balance sheets approximates fair value. |
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Commercial Mortgage Loans |
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We utilize third-party valuation service providers to estimate the fair value of commercial mortgage loans using projected cash flows discounted at an appropriate rate based upon market conditions. |
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Real Estate Owned |
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We initially based our estimate of the fair value on independent third-party valuations at the time we took title to real estate owned. Subsequent changes in fair value are based upon independent third-party valuations obtained periodically to estimate a price that would be received in a then current transaction to sell the asset. |
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Escrow Advance Receivable |
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The carrying amount reported in our condensed consolidated balance sheets approximates fair value. |
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Long-term Debt |
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We either receive fair value measurements of our long-term debt from market participants and pricing services or we estimate the fair values of long-term debt using projected cash flows discounted at each balance sheet date’s market-observable implicit-credit spread rates for our long-term debt and adjusted for foreign currency translations. |
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We record long-term debt issuances at fair value that are deemed to incorporate an embedded derivative and for which it is impracticable for us to isolate and/or value the derivative. |