Summary of Significant Accounting Policies | SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES Use of Estimates The preparation of the consolidated financial statements requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets, liabilities, revenues and expenses and the disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities in the financial statements and accompanying notes. Although management believes these estimates are reasonable, actual results could differ from these estimates. Changes in estimates are recorded prospectively. Significant assumptions are required in the valuation of proved oil and natural gas reserves that may affect the amount at which oil and natural gas properties are recorded. Estimation of asset retirement obligations (“AROs”) and valuations of derivative instruments also require significant assumptions. It is possible that these estimates could be revised at future dates and these revisions could be material. Depletion of oil and natural gas properties are determined using estimates of proved oil and natural gas reserves. There are numerous uncertainties inherent in the estimation of quantities of proved reserves and in the projection of future rates of production and the timing of development expenditures. Similarly, evaluations for impairment of proved and unproved oil and natural gas properties are subject to numerous uncertainties including, among others, estimates of future recoverable reserves and commodity price estimates. Accounts Receivable As of September 30, 2015 As of December 31, 2014 (In thousands) Sale of oil, natural gas and natural gas liquids $ 29,403 $ 24,059 Joint interest owners 26,598 10,400 Derivatives - settled, but uncollected 7,129 5,977 Total accounts receivable $ 63,130 $ 40,436 Accounts receivable, which are primarily from the sale of oil, natural gas and natural gas liquids (“NGLs”), are accrued based on estimates of the volumetric sales and prices the Company believes it will receive. In addition, settled but uncollected derivative contracts, and receivables related to joint interest billings are included in accounts receivable. The Company routinely reviews outstanding balances, assesses the financial strength of its customers and records a reserve for amounts not expected to be fully recovered. The need for an allowance is determined based upon reviews of individual accounts, historical losses, existing economic conditions and other pertinent factors and management's expectations are that all material receivables at period-end will be collected. Bad debt expense was zero for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2015 and 2014, respectively. Oil and Natural Gas Properties The Company uses the successful efforts method of accounting for its oil and natural gas exploration and production activities. Costs incurred by the Company related to the acquisition of oil and natural gas properties and the cost of drilling development wells and successful exploratory wells are capitalized, while the costs of unsuccessful exploratory wells are expensed when determined to be unsuccessful. The Company may capitalize interest on expenditures for significant exploration and development projects that last more than six months while activities are in progress to bring the assets to their intended use . The Company has not capitalized any interest as projects generally lasted less than six months . Costs incurred to maintain wells and related equipment, lease and well operating costs and other exploration costs are expensed as incurred. Gains and losses arising from the sale of properties are generally included in operating income. Unproved properties are assessed for possible impairment quarterly when industry conditions dictate an impairment may be possible. Capitalized acquisition costs attributable to proved oil and natural gas properties and leasehold costs are depleted on a field level, based on proved reserves, using the unit-of-production method. Capitalized exploration well costs and development costs, including AROs, are depleted on a field level, based on proved developed reserves. For the three months ended September 30, 2015 and 2014, depletion expense for oil and natural gas producing property was $42.7 million and $18.8 million , respectively. For the nine months ended September 30, 2015 and 2014, depletion expense for oil and natural gas producing property was $113.3 million and $56.7 million . Depletion expense is included in depreciation, depletion and amortization in the accompanying consolidated statements of operations. The Company’s oil and natural gas properties as of September 30, 2015 and December 31, 2014 consisted of the following: September 30, 2015 December 31, 2014 (In thousands) Proved oil and natural gas properties $ 2,071,428 $ 1,585,125 Unproved oil and natural gas properties 804,530 655,678 Total oil and natural gas properties 2,875,958 2,240,803 Less: Accumulated depletion (288,201 ) (171,046 ) Total oil and natural gas properties, net $ 2,587,757 $ 2,069,757 In some circumstances, it may be uncertain whether proved commercial reserves have been found when drilling has been completed. Such exploratory well drilling costs may continue to be capitalized if the anticipated reserve quantity is sufficient to justify its completion as a producing well and sufficient progress in assessing the reserves and the economic and operating viability of the project is being made. As of September 30, 2015 and December 31, 2014, there were no costs capitalized in connection with exploratory wells in progress. Capitalized costs are evaluated for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that an asset’s carrying amount may not be recoverable. To determine if a field is impaired, the Company compares the carrying value of the field to the undiscounted future net cash flows by applying estimates of future oil and natural gas prices to the estimated future production of oil and natural gas reserves over the economic life of the property and deducting future costs. Future net cash flows are based upon reservoir engineers’ estimates of proved reserves. For a property determined to be impaired, an impairment loss equal to the difference between the property’s carrying value and its estimated fair value is recognized. Fair value, on a field basis, is estimated to be the present value of the aforementioned expected future net cash flows. Unproved properties are assessed at least annually to determine whether they have been impaired and more frequently when industry conditions dictate an impairment may be possible. An impairment allowance is provided on an unproved property when the Company determines that the property will not be developed. Each part of this calculation is subject to a large degree of judgment, including the determination of the depletable units’ estimated reserves, future net cash flows and fair value. No impairment of proved property was recorded for the three or nine months ended September 30, 2015 or 2014. Impairment expense for unproved property was $4.2 million for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2015, while no expense was recorded in the applicable 2014 periods. Asset Retirement Obligation The Company records AROs related to the retirement of long-lived assets at the time a legal obligation is incurred and the liability can be reasonably estimated. AROs are recorded as long-term liabilities with a corresponding increase in the carrying amount of the related long-lived asset. Subsequently, the asset retirement cost included in the carrying amount of the related asset is allocated to expense through depletion of the asset. Changes in the liability due to passage of time are generally recognized as an increase in the carrying amount of the liability and as corresponding accretion expense. The Company estimates a fair value of the obligation on each well in which it owns an interest by identifying costs associated with the future down-hole plugging, dismantlement and removal of production equipment and facilities, and the restoration and reclamation of the surface acreage to a condition similar to that existing before oil and natural gas extraction began. In general, the amount of ARO and the costs capitalized will be equal to the estimated future cost to satisfy the abandonment obligation using current prices that are escalated by an assumed inflation factor up to the estimated settlement date which is then discounted back to the date that the abandonment obligation was incurred using an estimated credit adjusted rate. If the estimated ARO changes, an adjustment is recorded to both the ARO and the long-lived asset. Revisions to estimated AROs can result from changes in retirement cost estimates, revisions to estimated inflation rates and changes in the estimated timing of abandonment. After recording these amounts, the ARO is accreted to its future estimated value using the same assumed credit adjusted rate and the associated capitalized costs are depreciated on a unit-of-production basis. The ARO consisted of the following for the period indicated: Nine Months Ended September 30, 2015 (In thousands) Asset retirement obligation at beginning of period $ 4,873 Liabilities incurred or assumed 1,349 Accretion expense 252 Asset retirement obligation at end of period $ 6,474 Income Taxes RSP LLC was organized as a limited liability company and treated as a flow-through entity for federal income tax purposes. As such, taxable income and any related tax credits were passed through to its members and are included in their tax returns even though such net taxable income or tax credits may not have actually been distributed. Accordingly, provision for federal and state corporate income taxes has been made only for the operations of RSP Inc. beginning on January 23, 2014 in the accompanying consolidated financial statements. Deferred income taxes are provided to reflect the future tax consequences or benefits of differences between the tax basis of assets and liabilities and their reported amounts in the financial statements using enacted tax rates. Upon the corporate reorganization in connection with the IPO, the Company established a $132 million deferred income tax liability, which was recognized as tax expense from continuing operations in the first quarter of 2014. This $132 million deferred income tax liability, related to our change in tax status, was subsequently adjusted to $95 million during the fourth quarter of 2014. The primary upward adjustments in the effective tax rate for 2014 shown above the U.S. statutory rate are the adjustment for the corporate reorganization noted above along with non-deductible incentive unit compensation. Our effective tax rate for the nine months ended September 30, 2015 includes an adjustment to reduce the Texas margins tax from 1.0% to 0.75% in the second quarter of 2015, which resulted in a tax benefit of $1.6 million . The following is an analysis of the Company’s consolidated income tax expense: Three Months Ended September 30, Nine Months Ended September 30 2015 2014 2015 2014 (In thousands) (In thousands) Current $ (518 ) $ (3,375 ) $ 1,859 $ (5,051 ) Deferred (4,435 ) (17,329 ) (481 ) (155,815 ) Income Tax (Expense) Benefit $ (4,953 ) $ (20,704 ) $ 1,378 $ (160,866 ) Deferred taxes are determined based on the estimated future tax effects of differences between the financial statement and tax basis of assets and liabilities, given the provisions of enacted tax laws. Tax positions are evaluated for recognition using a more-likely-than-not threshold, and those tax positions requiring recognition are measured as the largest amount of tax benefit that is greater than fifty percent likely of being realized upon ultimate settlement with a taxing authority that has full knowledge of all relevant information. The Company’s policy is to record interest and penalties relating to uncertain tax positions in income tax expense. At September 30, 2015, the Company did not have any accrued liability for uncertain tax positions and does not anticipate recognition of any significant liabilities for uncertain tax positions during the next 12 months. The Company’s U.S. federal income tax returns for 2011 and beyond, and its Texas franchise tax returns for 2010 and beyond, remain subject to examination by the taxing authorities. No other jurisdiction’s returns are significant to the Company’s financial position. New Accounting Pronouncements In September 2015, the Financial Accounting Standards Board ("FASB") issued Accounting Standards Update ("ASU") 2015-16, “Simplifying the Accounting for Measurement-Period Adjustments," which requires the acquirer in a business combination recognize adjustments to provisional amounts that are identified during the measurement period in the reporting period in which the adjustment amounts are determined. Public entities are required to apply ASU 2015-16 for annual and interim reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2015. The Company is evaluating the impact that this new guidance will have on its consolidated financial statements. In April 2015, the FASB issued ASU 2015-03, “Simplifying the Presentation of Debt Issuance Costs." which requires debt issuance costs to be presented in the balance sheet as a direct deduction from the carrying amount of the debt obligation, similar to debt discounts. An entity is required to apply ASU 2015-03 for annual and interim reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2015. The Company is evaluating the impact that this new guidance will have on its consolidated financial statements. In January 2015, the FASB issued ASU 2015-01, "Income Statement - Extraordinary and Unusual Items (Subtopic 225-20)," which eliminates the concept of extraordinary items in US GAAP. An entity is required to apply ASU 2015-01 for annual and interim reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2015. An entity may apply ASU 2015-01 prospectively or retrospectively for all periods presented in the financial statements. The Company does not expect the impact of its pending adoption of this guidance will have a material effect on its consolidated financial statements. In May 2014, the FASB issued ASU 2014-09, “Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606),” which provides a comprehensive revenue recognition standard for contracts with customers that supersedes current revenue recognition guidance including industry specific guidance. An entity is required to apply ASU 2014-09 for annual and interim reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2016. An entity can apply ASU 2014-09 using either a full retrospective method, meaning the standard is applied to all of the periods presented, or a modified retrospective method, meaning the cumulative effect of initially applying the standard is recognized in the most current period presented in the financial statements. The Company does not expect the impact of its pending adoption of this guidance will have a material effect on its consolidated financial statements. |