| SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES | NOTE 1 - SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES American Resources Corporation (ARC or the Company) operates through subsidiaries that were formed or acquired in 2020, 2019, 2018, 2016 and 2015 for the purpose of acquiring, rehabilitating and operating various natural resource assets including coal used in the steel making and industrial markets, critical and rare earth elements used in the electrification economy and aggregated metal and steel products used in the recycling industries. Basis of Presentation and Consolidation : The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of the Company and its majority owned subsidiaries American Carbon Corp (ACC), Deane Mining, LLC (Deane), ERC Mining Indiana Corp (ERC), McCoy Elkhorn Coal LLC (McCoy), Knott County Coal LLC(KCC), Wyoming County Coal (WCC), Perry County Resources LLC (PCR), reElement Technologies LLC (RLMT), American Metals LLC (AM) , American Opportunity Venture II, LLC (AOV II) and T.R. Mining & Equipment Ltd. (TR Mining). All significant intercompany accounts and transactions have been eliminated. Entities for which ownership is less than 100% require that a determination is made as to whether there is a requirement to apply the variable interest entity (VIE) model to the entity. Where the company holds current or potential rights that give it the power to direct the activities of a VIE that most significantly impact the VIE’s economic performance, combined with a variable interest that gives the Company the right to receive potentially significant benefits or the obligation to absorb potentially significant losses, the Company would be deemed be primary. The company is the primary beneficiary of Advanced Carbon Materials LLC (ACM), which qualifies as a variable interest entity. Accordingly, the assets, liabilities, revenue and expenses of ACM have been included in the accompanying consolidated financial statements. The company is a 49.9% owner in ACM and has control of 90% of the cash flow which led to the determination of the Company as the primary beneficiary. As of March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023, ACM had no assets, liabilities or operations. On February 5, 2024, American Resources Corporation (“American Resources” or the “Company”) and its wholly owned subsidiary, American Carbon Corporation (“ACC”) entered into a Share Purchase Agreement (“Purchase Agreement”) with T.R. Mining & Equipment Ltd. (“TR Mining”), to where ACC has purchased 51% of the fully diluted shares outstanding of TR Mining in exchange for approximately 6% of the primary shares outstanding of ACC. The assets of TR Mining include a diversified mineral deposit with a focus on iron ore, titanium and vanadium with an initial estimated deposit of 212,925,000 tons of raw feedstock with an estimated 106,462,500 tons of ore body, based on an average of 50% magnetic material. Effective February 5, 20224, the Company acquired a 51% interest in TR Properties & Equipment Ltd. (TR) for consideration consisting of a 6% interest in the Company’s subsidiary, American Carbon Corporation (ACC). The Company’s investment in TR substantially consists of a single asset, mining rights. Accordingly, the transaction does not meet the definition of a business under ASC Topic 805, Business Combinations, and therefore the Company will account for the transaction as an asset acquisition. In an asset acquisition, goodwill or a bargain purchase gain are not recognized, but rather, any difference between the consideration transferred and the fair value of the net assets acquired is allocated on a relative fair value basis to the identifiable assets acquired. As of March 31, 2024, a preliminary allocation for this transaction has not been recorded as valuation procedures are pending with respect to the fair value of the assets acquired and consideration exchanged. The accompanying Consolidated Financial Statements are unaudited and have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States (“U.S. GAAP”). The accompanying unaudited consolidated balance sheet as of March 31, 2024, unaudited consolidated statements of operations, changes in stockholders’ (deficit) equity and cash flows for the quarters ended March 31, 2024 and 2023 have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America for interim financial information with the instructions to Form 10-Q. The accompanying balance sheet as of December 31, 2023 has been derived from the audited balance sheet as of December 31, 2023 included in the Company’s Form 10-K referenced below and does not include all disclosures required by accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America. In the opinion of management, the financial statements include all normal and recurring adjustments considered necessary for a fair presentation of the Company’s financial position and operating results. Operating results for the three months ended March 31, 2024 are not necessarily indicative of the results that may be expected for the year ending December 31, 2024 or any other period. These financial statements and notes should be read in conjunction with the financial statements for the year ended December 31, 2023 included in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K, as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission, or the SEC, on April 15, 2024. Going Concern These financial statements have been prepared on a going concern basis, which contemplates the realization of assets and the satisfaction of liabilities in the normal course of business. The Company has incurred recurring losses of $6,225,932 and $3,100,869 for the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively, and an accumulated deficit of $184,920,261 as of March 31, 2024. These factors, among others, raise substantial doubt about the Company’s ability to continue as a going concern for the next twelve months from the date these financial statements were issued. These financial statements do not include any adjustments relating to the recoverability and classification of recorded asset amounts or the amounts and classification of liabilities that may be necessary should the Company be unable to continue as a going concern. The Company’s continuation as a going concern is contingent upon its ability to obtain additional financing and to generate revenue and cash flow to meet its obligations on a timely basis. The Company will continue to seek to raise additional funding through debt or equity financing during the next twelve months from the date of issuance of these financial statements. Management believes that actions presently being taken to obtain additional funding provide the opportunity for the Company to continue as a going concern. There is no guarantee the Company will be successful in achieving these objectives. Prior period reclassifications We have reclassified certain amounts in prior periods to conform with current presentation. Cash, Cash Equivalents and Restricted cash: Restricted cash consist of U.S. government securities, corporate fixed income, and U.S. government securities that are held in trusts related to the Tax Exempt Bonds and are restricted as to withdrawal as required by the agreement entered into by the Company. All investments are classified as trading securities as of March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023. Trading securities are recorded initially at cost and are adjusted to fair value at each reporting period with unrealized gains and losses recorded in current period earnings or loss. The following table sets forth the total of cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash reported in the consolidated balance sheets. March 31, 2024 December 31, 2023 Cash and cash equivalents $ 2,168,557 $ 2,666,638 Restricted Cash 177,643,892 34,664,936 Total cash and restricted cash presented in the consolidated statement of cash flows $ 179,812,449 $ 37,331,574 Related Party Policies Advance Royalties Property and Equipment: Property and equipment and amortizable intangible assets are reviewed for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of an asset may not be recoverable. Recoverability is measured by comparison of the carrying amount to the future net undiscounted cash flows expected to be generated by the related assets. If these assets are determined to be impaired, the impairment to be recognized is measured by the amount by which the carrying amount exceeds the fair market value of the assets. There was no impairment loss recognized during the period ending March 31, 2024, and the twelve months ended December 31, 2023. Costs related to maintenance and repairs which do not prolong the asset’s useful life are expensed as incurred. Mine Development Cost of Goods Sold and Gross Profit : Asset Retirement Obligations (ARO) – Reclamation: Obligations are reflected at the present value of their future cash flows. We reflect accretion of the obligations for the period from the date they incurred through the date they are extinguished. The asset retirement obligation assets are amortized based on expected reclamation outflows over estimated recoverable coal deposit lives. We are using discount rates ranging from 6.16% to 7.22%, risk free rates ranging from 1.76% to 2.92% and inflation rate of 2%. Revisions to estimates are a result of changes in the expected spending estimate or the timing of the spending estimate associated with planned reclamation. Federal and State laws require that mines be reclaimed in accordance with specific standards and approved reclamation plans, as outlined in mining permits. Activities include reclamation of pit and support acreage at surface mines, sealing portals at underground mines, and reclamation of refuse areas and slurry ponds. We assess our ARO at least annually and reflect revisions for permit changes, changes in our estimated reclamation costs and changes in the estimated timing of such costs. The table below reflects the changes to our ARO for the three months ended March 31, 2024 and the twelve months ended December 31, 2023: March 31, 2024 December 31, 2023 Beginning Balance $ 20,295,634 $ 20,295,634 Accretion 1,241,455 993,165 Ending Balance $ 21,537,089 $ 21,288,799 Accretion expense amounted to $248,291 and $248,291 for the period ended Mach 31, 2024 and March 31, 2023, respectively. Revenue Recognition All the activity is undertaken in eastern Kentucky, Western West Virginia, and Southern Indiana. Revenue from metal recovery and sales are recognized when conditions within the contract or sales agreement are met including transfer of title. Revenue from coal processing and loading are recognized when services have been performed according to the contract in place. Our coal sales generally include 10 to 30-day payment terms following the transfer of control of the goods to the customer. We typically do not include extended payment terms in our contracts with customers. Our contracts with customers typically provide for minimum specifications or qualities of the coal we deliver. Variances from these specifications or quantities are settled by means of price adjustments. Generally, these price adjustments are settled within 30 days of delivery and are insignificant. Income Taxes : Deferred income taxes are recognized for the tax consequences in future years of temporary differences between the financial reporting and tax bases of assets and liabilities as of each period-end based on enacted tax laws and statutory rates. Valuation allowances are established when necessary to reduce deferred tax assets to the amount expected to be realized. A 100% valuation allowance has been established on deferred tax assets at March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023, due to the uncertainty of our ability to realize future taxable income. We account for uncertainty in income taxes in our financial statements as required under ASC 740, “Income Taxes.” The standard prescribes a recognition threshold and measurement attribute for the financial statement recognition and measurement of a tax position taken or expected to be taken in a tax return. The standard also provides guidance on de-recognition, classification, interest and penalties, accounting in interim periods, disclosure and transition accounting. Management determined there were no material uncertain positions taken by us in our tax returns. Fair Value Note 4 presents the Company’s financial assets or liabilities measured at fair value as of March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023. The carrying amounts of the Company’s cash equivalents, accounts receivable, accounts payable, and accrued expenses approximate their fair value at March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023 due to their short-term nature. Leases: Lease term, discount rate, variable lease costs and future minimum lease payment determinations require the use of judgment and are based on the facts and circumstances related to the specific lease. Lease terms are generally based on their initial non-cancelable terms, unless there is a renewal option that is reasonably certain to be exercised. Various factors, including economic incentives, intent, past history and business needs are considered to determine if a renewal option is reasonably certain to be exercised. The implicit rate in a lease agreement is used when it can be determined to value the lease obligation. Otherwise, the Company’s incremental borrowing rate, which is based on information available as of the lease commencement date, including applicable lease terms and the current economic environment, is used to determine the value of the lease obligation. Allowance For Doubtful Accounts : Allowance for trade receivables as of March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023 amounted to $253,764 for both periods. The allowance for note receivables was $368,500 as of March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023. The note receivable allowance relates to the purchase of a note receivable from a third party. The note receivable has collateral in certain mining permits which are strategic to KCC. Timing of payment on the note is uncertain resulting in a full allowance for the note. Inventory: Stock-based Compensation : Stock-based compensation to employees is accounted for under ASC 718, Compensation-Stock Compensation. Stock-based compensation expense related to stock awards granted to an employee is recognized based on the grant-date estimated fair values of the awards using the Black Scholes option pricing model (“Black Scholes”). The value is recognized as expense ratably over the requisite service period, which is generally the vesting term of the award. We adjust the expense for actual forfeitures as they occur. Stock-based compensation expense is classified in the accompanying consolidated statements of operations based on the function to which the related services are provided. Black-Scholes requires a number of assumptions, of which the most significant are expected volatility, expected option term (the time from the grant date until the options are exercised or expire) and risk-free rate. Expected volatility is determined using the historical volatility for the Company. The risk-free interest rate is based on the yield of US treasury government bonds with a remaining term equal to the expected life of the option. Expected dividend yield is zero because we have never paid cash dividends on common shares, and we do not expect to pay any cash dividends in the foreseeable future. Earnings Per Share New Accounting Pronouncements In November 2023, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued ASU 2023-07, “Segment Reporting (Topic 280): Improvements to Reportable Segment Disclosures” (“ASU 2023-07”), which, among other updates, requires enhanced disclosures about significant segment expenses regularly provided to the chief operating decision maker, as well as the aggregate amount of other segment items included in the reported measure of segment profit or loss. ASU 2023-07 is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2023, and for interim periods within fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2024, and requires retrospective adoption. Early adoption is permitted. The Company is evaluating the impact of ASU 2023-07 on its consolidated financial statements and the related disclosures. In December 2023, the FASB issued ASU 2023-09, “Income Taxes (Topic 740): Improvements to Income Tax Disclosures” (“ASU 2023-09”), which requires enhanced annual disclosures with respect to the rate reconciliation and income taxes paid information. ASU 2023-09 is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2024, and may be adopted on a prospective or retrospective basis. Early adoption is permitted. The Company is evaluating the impact of ASU 2023-07 on its consolidated financial statements and the related disclosures. |
