Loans, net and allowance for loan losses | 5. Loans, net and allowance for loan losses: The major classifications of loans outstanding, net of deferred loan origination fees and costs at December 31, 2018 and 2017 are summarized as follows. Net deferred loan costs were $1,026 and $863 at December 31, 2018 and 2017, respectively. December 31 2018 2017 Commercial $ 122,919 $ 140,116 Real estate: Construction 39,556 34,405 Commercial 497,597 526,230 Residential 221,115 240,626 Consumer 11,997 14,594 Total $ 893,184 $ 955,971 Loans outstanding to directors, executive officers, principal stockholders or to their affiliates totaled $9,555 and $9,465 at December 31, 2018 and 2017, respectively. Advances and repayments during 2018, totaled $1,096 and $1,006, respectively. As a result of the merger, the composition of the individuals considered related parties at December 31, 2017 changed. Loan balances totaling $5,244 were removed for individuals no longer considered related parties and $6,387 was included for individuals added as related parties in 2017. There were no related party loans that were classified as nonaccrual, past due, or restructured or considered a potential credit risk at December 31, 2018 and 2017. At December 31, 2018, the majority of the Company’s loans were at least partially secured by real estate located in Central and Southwestern Pennsylvania. Therefore, a primary concentration of credit risk is directly related to the real estate market in these areas. Changes in the general economy, local economy or in the real estate market could affect the ultimate collectability of this portion of the loan portfolio. Management does not believe there are any other significant concentrations of credit risk that could affect the loan portfolio. The changes in the allowance for loan losses account by major classification of loan for the years ended December 31, 2018 and 2017 are summarized as follows: Real Estate December 31, 2018 Commercial Construction Commercial Residential Consumer Unallocated Total Allowance for loan losses: Beginning Balance January 1, 2018 $ 1,206 $ 379 $ 2,963 $ 1,340 $ 37 $ 381 $ 6,306 Charge-offs (206 ) (104 ) (437 ) (747 ) Recoveries 11 6 31 126 174 Provisions 151 25 329 19 324 (233 ) 615 Ending balance $ 1,162 $ 404 $ 3,298 $ 1,286 $ 50 $ 148 $ 6,348 Real Estate December 31, 2017 Commercial Construction Commercial Residential Consumer Unallocated Total Allowance for loan losses: Beginning Balance January 1, 2017 $ 629 $ 160 $ 2,110 $ 789 $ 44 $ 3,732 Charge-offs (43 ) (78 ) (38 ) (58 ) (217 ) Recoveries 5 10 17 25 57 Provisions 615 297 843 572 26 $ 381 2,734 Ending balance $ 1,206 $ 379 $ 2,963 $ 1,340 $ 37 $ 381 $ 6,306 The allocation of the allowance for loan losses and the related loans by major classifications of loans at December 31, 2018 and December 31, 2017 is summarized as follows: Real Estate December 31, 2018 Commercial Construction Commercial Residential Consumer Unallocated Total Allowance for loan losses: Ending balance $ 1,162 $ 404 $ 3,298 $ 1,286 $ 50 $ 148 $ 6,348 Ending balance: individually evaluated for impairment 382 78 28 488 Ending balance: collectively evaluated for impairment 780 404 3,220 1,258 50 148 5,860 Ending balance: purchased credit impaired loans $ $ $ $ $ $ $ Loans receivable: Ending balance $ 122,919 $ 39,556 $ 497,597 $ 221,115 $ 11,997 $ $ 893,184 Ending balance: individually evaluated for impairment 1,249 1,643 2,146 5,038 Ending balance: collectively evaluated for impairment 121,521 39,556 492,779 218,468 11,997 884,321 Ending balance: purchased credit impaired loans $ 149 $ $ 3,175 $ 501 $ $ $ 3,825 Real Estate December 31, 2017 Commercial Construction Commercial Residential Consumer Unallocated Total Allowance for loan losses: Ending balance $ 1,206 $ 379 $ 2,963 $ 1,340 $ 37 $ 381 $ 6,306 Ending balance: individually evaluated for impairment 56 76 92 224 Ending balance: collectively evaluated for impairment 1,150 379 2,887 1,248 37 381 6,082 Ending balance: purchased credit impaired loans $ $ $ $ $ $ $ Loans receivable: Ending balance $ 140,116 $ 34,405 $ 526,230 $ 240,626 $ 14,594 $ $ 955,971 Ending balance: individually evaluated for impairment 777 2,988 2,482 6,247 Ending balance: collectively evaluated for impairment 138,824 34,405 516,300 237,089 14,594 941,212 Ending balance: purchased credit impaired loans $ 515 $ $ 6,942 $ 1,055 $ $ $ 8,512 The following tables present the major classification of loans summarized by the aggregate pass rating and the classified ratings of special mention, substandard and doubtful within the Company’s internal risk rating system at December 31, 2018 and 2017: December 31, 2018 Pass Special Mention Substandard Doubtful Total Commercial $ 109,609 $ 9,123 $ 4,187 $ $ 122,919 Real estate: Construction 39,265 291 39,556 Commercial 471,364 13,106 13,127 497,597 Residential 216,218 2,126 2,771 221,115 Consumer 11,997 11,997 Total $ 848,453 $ 24,355 $ 20,376 $ $ 893,184 December 31, 2017: Pass Special Mention Substandard Doubtful Total Commercial $ 126,506 $ 9,372 $ 4,238 $ $ 140,116 Real estate: Construction 32,840 1,442 123 34,405 Commercial 497,852 15,305 13,073 526,230 Residential 234,808 2,214 3,604 240,626 Consumer 14,474 120 14,594 Total $ 906,480 $ 28,453 $ 21,038 $ $ 955,971 The following tables present the classes of the loan portfolio summarized by the aging categories of performing loans and nonaccrual loans as of December 31, 2018 and 2017. PCI loans are excluded from the aging and nonaccrual loan schedules. Accrual Loans December 31, 2018 30-59 Days Past Due 60-89 Days Past Due 90 or More Days Past Due Total Past Due Current Nonaccrual Loans Total Loans Commercial $ 69 $ 128 $ 82 $ 279 $ 121,350 $ 1,141 $ 122,770 Real estate: Construction 11 655 247 913 38,643 39,556 Commercial 467 538 170 1,175 492,545 702 494,422 Residential 4,537 1,322 290 6,149 213,579 886 220,614 Consumer 124 57 50 231 11,766 11,997 Total $ 5,208 $ 2,700 $ 839 $ 8,747 $ 877,883 $ 2,729 $ 889,359 Purchased credit impaired loans 3,825 Total Loans $ 893,184 Accrual Loans December 31, 2017 30-59 Days Past Due 60-89 Days Past Due 90 or More Days Past Due Total Past Due Current Nonaccrual Loans Total Loans Commercial $ 1,829 $ 85 $ 1,914 $ 137,612 $ 75 $ 139,601 Real estate: Construction 8 8 34,397 34,405 Commercial 2,213 152 $ 150 2,515 516,410 363 519,288 Residential 2,110 551 533 3,194 235,070 1,307 239,571 Consumer 149 60 9 218 14,376 14,594 Total $ 6,309 $ 848 $ 692 $ 7,849 $ 937,865 $ 1,745 $ 947,459 Purchased credit impaired loans 8,512 Total Loans $ 955,971 The following tables summarize information concerning impaired loans as of and for the years ended December 31, 2018 and 2017, by major loan classification: For the Year Ended December 31, 2018 Recorded Investment Unpaid Principal Balance Related Allowance Average Recorded Investment Interest Income Recognized With no related allowance: Commercial $ 149 $ 149 $ 459 $ 564 Real estate: Construction Commercial 4,284 4,284 6,382 2,846 Residential 2,466 2,466 2,875 460 Consumer Total 6,899 6,899 9,716 3,870 With an allowance recorded: Commercial 1,249 1,249 $ 382 1,117 7 Real estate: Construction Commercial 534 534 78 676 17 Residential 181 319 28 184 3 Consumer Total 1,964 2,102 488 1,977 27 Commercial 1,398 1,398 382 1,576 571 Real estate: Construction Commercial 4,818 4,818 78 7,058 2,863 Residential 2,647 2,785 28 3,059 463 Consumer Total $ 8,863 $ 9,001 $ 488 $ 11,693 $ 3,897 For the Year Ended December 31, 2017 Recorded Investment Unpaid Principal Balance Related Allowance Average Recorded Investment Interest Income Recognized With no related allowance: Commercial $ 1,107 $ 1,107 $ 1,210 $ 77 Real estate: Construction Commercial 9,399 9,399 10,164 340 Residential 3,197 3,215 2,896 149 Consumer Total 13,703 13,721 14,270 566 With an allowance recorded: Commercial 185 185 $ 56 186 1 Real estate: Construction Commercial 531 531 76 532 23 Residential 340 478 92 339 12 Consumer Total 1,056 1,194 224 1,057 36 Commercial 1,292 1,292 56 1,396 78 Real estate: Construction Commercial 9,930 9,930 76 10,696 363 Residential 3,537 3,693 92 3,235 161 Consumer Total $ 14,759 $ 14,915 $ 224 $ 15,327 $ 602 For the years ended December 31, interest income, related to impaired loans, would have been $99 in 2018 and $77 in 2017 had the loans been current and the terms of the loans not been modified. There were no loans modified as troubled debt restructurings for the year ended December 31, 2018. At December 31, 2018, there were 14 restructured loans totaling $2,925. December 31, 2017, there were two loans modified as troubled debt restructurings and 19 restructured loans totaling $5,606. The following tables present the number of loans and recorded investment in loans restructured and identified as troubled debt restructurings for the year ended December 31, 2017. Defaulted loans are those which are 30 days or more past due for payment under the modified terms. December 31, 2017 Number of Contracts Pre-Modification Outstanding Recorded Investment Post-Modification Outstanding Recorded Investment Recorded Investment Troubled Debt Restructurings: Residential real estate 2 $ 196 $ 173 $ 128 During 2018, there were two defaults on loans restructured, totaling $759, and there were five defaults on loans restructured, totaling $697 during 2017. Purchased loans are initially recorded at their acquisition date fair values. The carryover of the allowance for loan losses is prohibited as any credit losses in the loans are included in the determination of the fair value of the loans at the acquisition date. Fair values for purchased loans are based on a cash flow methodology that involves assumptions and judgments as to credit risk, default rates, loss severity, collateral values, discount rates, payment speeds, and prepayment risk. As part of its acquisition due diligence process, the Bank reviews the acquired institution’s loan grading system and the associated risk rating for loans. In performing this review, the Bank considers cash flows, debt service coverage, delinquency status, accrual status, and collateral for the loan. This process allows the Bank to clearly identify the population of acquired loans that had evidence of deterioration in credit quality since origination and for which it was probable, at acquisition, that the Bank would be unable to collect all contractually required payments. All such loans identified by the Bank are considered to be within the scope of ASC 310-30, Loan and Debt Securities Acquired with Deteriorated Credit Quality and are identified as “Purchased Credit Impaired Loans”. As a result of the merger with CBT, effective October 1, 2017, the Bank identified 37 purchased credit impaired (“PCI”) loans. As part of the merger with Citizens, effective December 31, 2015, the Bank identified 10 PCI loans. As a result of the consolidation with Union, effective November 1, 2013, the Bank identified 14 PCI loans. For all PCI loans, the excess of cash flows expected at acquisition over the estimated fair value is referred to as the accretable discount and is recognized into interest income over the remaining life of the loan. The difference between contractually required payments at acquisition and the cash flows expected to be collected at acquisition is referred to as the non-accretable discount. The non-accretable discount represents estimated future credit losses expected to be incurred over the life of the loan. Subsequent decreases to the expected cash flows require the Bank to evaluate the need for an allowance for loan losses on these loans. Subsequent improvements in expected cash flows result in the reversal of a corresponding amount of the non-accretable discount which the Bank then reclassifies as an accretable discount that is recognized into interest income over the remaining life of the loan. The Bank’s evaluation of the amount of future cash flows that it expects to collect is based on a cash flow methodology that involves assumptions and judgments as to credit risk, collateral values, discount rates, payment speeds, and prepayment risk. Charge-offs of the principal amount on purchased impaired loans are first applied to the non-accretable discount. For purchased loans that are not deemed impaired at acquisition, credit discounts representing principal losses expected over the life of the loans are a component of the initial fair value, and the discount is accreted to interest income over the life of the asset. Subsequent to the purchase date, the method used to evaluate the sufficiency of the credit discount is similar to originated loans, and if necessary, additional reserves are recognized in the allowance for loan losses. The unpaid principal balances and the related carrying amount of acquired loans as of December 31, 2018 and December 31, 2017 were as follows: December 31, 2018 December 31, 2017 Credit impaired purchased loans evaluated individually for incurred credit losses: Outstanding balance $ 7,491 $ 16,803 Carrying Amount 3,825 8,512 Other purchased loans evaluated collectively for incurred credit losses: Outstanding balance 315,013 421,620 Carrying Amount 314,328 418,146 Total Purchased Loans: Outstanding balance 322,504 438,423 Carrying Amount $ 318,153 $ 426,658 As of the indicated dates, the changes in the accretable discount related to the purchased credit impaired loans were as follows: Year Ended December 31, 2018 2017 Balance - beginning of period $ 2,129 $ 370 Additions 2,056 Accretion recognized during the period (3,791 ) (297 ) Net reclassification from non-accretable to accretable 2,241 Balance - end of period $ 579 $ 2,129 |